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On this page:
Appreciative Inquiry • Critical Moments Reflection • Experience Capitalization• Good Practices • Most Significant Change• Outcome Mapping • Social Network Analysis • SWOT Analysis
Appreciative Inquiry
Appreciative Inquiry is a planning process whereby positive aspects are highlighted instead of focusing on perceived problems. It builds upon the success stories among the group members to collectively generate innovative ideas for future developmental change.
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Critical Moments Reflection
"This methodology is based on the idea that learning begins with the examination of actual experiences and perspectives on those experiences. CMR leads groups through a reflective process that helps participants step back from their experiences, review their understanding of those experiences, and draw lessons that they can use to improve their future actions or work. The goal of CMR is to enable individuals and groups to uncover or create knowledge from their own experiences for improving their future actions."
(Source: ict-km)
See also:
- ict-km (includes advice on when and how to use it)
Experience Capitalization
Experience capitalization is "the transition from experience to shareable knowledge" (Villeval and Lavigne Delville, 2004, p. 2), or a way to increase organisational effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability by collectively learning from previous experiences.
Depending on the requirement, the following instruments can be used to record, present and consolidate experiences: brainstorming sessions, surveys, interviews, evaluations, SWOT analyses, case studies, document and portfolio analyses, cognitive mapping, scenario techniques, etc.
The experience capitalization process usually consists of the following four stages:
1.) Identification of needs
2.) Detailed planning
3.) Implementation of results
4.) Change of practice
For additional information on how to conduct experience capitalization please view: Experience capitalization: accumulating experience capital to prepare change processes, (pdf 473 KB)
(Sources: Daretoshare; Villeval, P; Lavigne Delville, P. 2004. "Learning and sharing experience: lessons for learning processes in NGOs", (pdf 374 KB) in Travers, October, No. 15, pp. 1-45)
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Good Practices
Good practices are successful examples, methods, or experiences in an organization which can be used as a model for future strategies.
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Most Significant Change
The most significant change (MSC) technique is a form of participatory monitoring and evaluation. It is participatory because many project stakeholders are involved both in deciding the sorts of change to be recorded and in analysing the data. It is a form of monitoring because it takes place throughout the program cycle and provides information to help people manage the program. It contributes to evaluation because it provides data on impact and outcomes that can be used to help assess the performance of the program as a whole.
(Source: ict-km)
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Outcome Mapping
"Outcome Mapping is an innovative approach to project and programme planning, monitoring and evaluation with a strong focus on participatory learning. The major innovation is the emphasis on the behaviour change of key actors with whom the programme has an influence, rather than focussing on changes in state that may or may not be attributed to the programme."
(Source: ict-km)
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Social Network Analysis
Social Network Analysis (SNA) "'is the mapping and measuring of relationships and flows between people, groups, organisations, computers or other information/knowledge processing entities.' (Valdis Krebs, 2002)… [It] is a method for visualizing our people and connection power, leading us to identify how we can best interact to share knowledge."
(Source: ict-km)
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SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method. It involves the assessment of an organization’s or programme’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths and weaknesses focus on internal factors, whilst threats and opportunities deal with external factors. The SWOT analysis aids in the creation of strategies which can realize strengths and opportunities, while overcoming weaknesses and threats.
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