Thailand
NOTIFICATION
OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
Re: Working safety in construction work relating to scaffolding*
* Government Gazette Special issued, Vol. 99, part 103,
dated 30 July 2525.
By virtue of the provisions of Clause 2 (7)
of Announcement of the Revolutionary Party No. 103, dated 16
March B.E. 2515, it is deemed appropriate to revise Notification
of the Ministry of Interior; Re: Working Safety in Construction
Work, dated 10 June 2519, in order to prescribe welfare relating
to health and safety for the employees in construction work to
become more suitable, the Ministry of Interior hereby issues a
Notification as follows:
Clause 1. Notification of the Ministry of the Interior;
Re:
Working safety in construction work dated 10 June 2519, is hereby
canceled.
Clause 2. Notification of the Ministry of Interior is
called
"Notification of the Ministry of Interior; Re: Working safety in
construction work relating to scaffolding".
Clause 3. This Notification of the Ministry of Interior
shall come into force after the lapse of ninety days after the
date of publication in the Government Gazette.
Clause 4 . In this Notification:
"Construction Work" means the business
operations in the
construction of building, airfield, railroad, tramway, port,
waterway~ road, telegraph, telephone, electricity, gas or
water-works, and means also to include the extension, repair,
maintenance, modification or demolition of such building or
construction.
"Building" means the building under the
meaning as
prescribed by the law on control of building.
"Scaffolding" means the place of work which
has been raised
above ground or part of the building or part of the construction
work, for use as support for the workers or materials in
construction work, temporary.
"Single row scaffolding" means the
scaffolding which has the
place of work as beam which is held with single row posts.
Clause 5. This Notification of the Ministry of Interior
shall not bc applicable to :
(1) Construction of building which is mainly lumber and
which is high above the ground to the roof beam of not more than
7.00 meters.
(2) Work of repair or decoration of building, for which
there are no more than two workers at a time.
(3) Installation of water supply, electricity or other
equipment which use workers for such work by not more than 2 at
a time.
CHAPTER 1: CONSTRUCTION WORK
Clause 6. Construction work having the height of more
than
2.00 meters, the employer shall provide scaffolding for such
work.
CHAPTER 2: TYPE OF SCAFFOLDING
Clause 7. Single Row Scaffolding which is more than
7.00
meters high or scaffolding which is more than 21.00 meters high,
the employer shall arrange to have person licensed to practice
controlled engineering profession as specified by the E.C., to
design and give specification of the scaffolding.
Clause 8. Single Row Scaffolding which is not more than
7.00
meters high or scaffolding which is not more than 21.00 meters
high, the employer shall arrange to have person licensed to
practice controlled engineering profession as specified by the
E.C., to design and give specification of the scaffolding, or the
standard types of the different scaffolding as prescribed under
Clause 12 may be used.
Clause 9 . For the case the employer shall have the
person
licensed to practice controlled engineering profession as
specified by the E.C., to design and give specification of the
scaffolding, it shall at least be according to the following
stipulations:
(1) The scaffolding which is made of wood shall not be
made
of rotted lumber or with cracks or with other defects, which
would cause the wood to lose its strength and shall have Ultimate
Bending Stress of not less than 500 Kg. per sq.cm. and with
safety factor of not less than four times of the Ultimate Bending
Stress, except that the lumber used is bamboo which shall have
documentary evidence in testing the strength of the material from
reliable official institution that has sufficient safety factor
and it shall be as prescribed under Clause 11 (6).
If the scaffolding is made of metal, it shall be metal
with
Yield Point of not less than 2.400 Kg. per sq. cm. and shall have
safety factor of not less than twice the Yield Point.
(2) The scaffolding shall be able to sustain the load
of not
less than twice of the work load for metal scaffolding and not
less than four times of the work load for wooden scaffolding.
(3) The seat for the scaffolding shall be strong and
firm
and capable of sustaining work load of not less than twice of the
work load.
(4) The structure of the scaffolding shall be fastened,
propped of fixed to the ground or part of the construction work
to prevent it from becoming swayed or falling down.
(5) There shall be fall protection rails, being not
less
than 90 centimeters and not more than 1.10 meters high, from the
floor of the scaffolding throughout the length on the outside of
the scaffolding floor, except for the section necessary for the
loading and unloading of materials. This is with the exception
of Single Row Scaffolding.
(6) There shall be floor for the scaffolding laid
continuously having the width not less than 35 centimeters, being
firmly fastened to the joist, except for Single Row Scaffolding.
(7) There shall be stairs within the scaffolding, made
of
wood or metal having incline not more than 45 degrees, except for
Single Row Scaffolding.
(8) It shall be designed with allowance for the
scaffolding
to accept also the load of canvass, corrugated iron sheet, wooden
plank or similar materials as prescribed under Clause 10 and
Clause 11 (7).
CHAPTER 3: CONSTRUCTION OF SCAFFOLDING
Clause 10 . In constructing the scaffolding, the
employer
shall carry out that according to the drawings and specification
under Clause 9, and under the following stipulations:
(1) Scaffolding made of wood, if to be held together by
nails shall use the nails of suitable size and length, and shall
be nailed in sufficient number for one joint so that it is firm
and strong. The nails shall not be nailed in to accept the direct
pull out strength and it shall be nailed down the entire length
of the nail. When the scaffolding is demolished, the nails shall
be all pulled out or folded up.
(2) Scaffolding which has lift for carrying materials
up and
down shall have means of protection against impact against the
scaffolding while there are materials carrying up and down.
(3) Scaffolding shall not be constructed by fastening
to
lift tower.
(4) There shall be canvass or corrugated iron sheet or
wood
plank or similar material to cover up the outside of the
scaffolding, except for Single Row Scaffolding, to prevent harm
from falling materials.
(5) Above the space specified to be walkway, it shall
be
covered with canvass or corrugated iron sheet or wood plank or
similar material to protect persons using such walkway from harm
CHAPTER 4: USE OF SCAFFOLDING
Clause 11. The employer shall provide the use of the
scaffolding to be according to the following stipulations:
(1) If there is any part of the scaffolding damaged or
may
be harmful to the use, a repair to that part shall be carried out
immediately, and the employees shall not work on that part of the
scaffolding until the repair shall have been made.
(2) When there is a storm, the employees shall not work
on
the scaffolding.
(3) In case the scaffolding become slippery, the
employees
shall not work on that part of the scaffolding.
(4) In case the employees work near electrical cable or
equipment which has no insulation, they shall not work closer
that the distance specified, for each level of voltage stated
below, both horizontal and vertical, except that the employer
shall provide for protection against harm from that electricity
such as to use suitable insulation:
Distance of not less than 2.40 meters for electricity
from
50 volts upwards to 12,000 volts.
Distance of not less than 3.00 meters for electricity
from
12,000 volts upwards to 33,000 volts.
Distance of not less than 3.30 meters for electricity
from
33,000 volts upwards to 69,000 volts.
Distance of not less than 3.90 meters for electricity
from
69,000 volts upwards to 115,000 volts.
Distance of not less than 5.30 meters for electricity
from
115,000 volts upwards to 230,000 volts.
(5) For the case there is work on several floor of the
scaffolding together at the same time, there shall be measures
to prevent harm from being caused to the persons working on the
lower floors.
(6) For the case there is use of chemical which reacts
against the rope or jute which is used to tie the scaffolding and
causes it to deteriorate, such as the use of caustic soda on the
scaffolding to clean the exterior of the building, scaffolding
which is fastened or tied with rope or jute shall not be used.
(7) For the case standard scaffolding of different
types as
specified under Clause 12, it is prohibited to use the load for
the scaffolding in excess or 150 kilograms by average per square
meter, between the space of the posts.
For Single Row Scaffolding, it is prohibited to use
load on
each level, by average, in excess of 50 kilograms per 1 meter
length.
CHAPTER 5: STANDARD SCAFFOLDING
Clause 12. The scaffolding which is not more than 21.00
meters high and the employer has not arranged for the person
licensed to practice controlled engineering profession as
specified by the E.C., to design, the employer shall ensure that
the scaffolding be in accordance with the stipulations prescribed
under Clause 9 and Clause 10, and the stipulation for different
types of the scaffoldings as follows:
(1) Single Row Scaffolding not more than 7.00 meters
high
for painting work:
(a) If bamboo is used to make the scaffolding, all bamboos shall
have average diameter of not less than 6 centimeters, measuring
from the middle of the section. Connecting to the bamboo shall
be over-lapping with the length of the over-lap not less than
1.00 meter, and fastened together by means of tommy bar turn of
not less than two links. The rope or jute used for tying the
bamboo shall be new of reasonable tensile strength and shall be
of not less than 2 centimeters in diameter.
Setting up of the bamboo Posts shall be at distance of
not
less than 1.50 meters. The bamboo beam shall be tied to all
posts. When erecting the posts use bamboo diagonal pole of not
more than 45 degrees with the horizontal plane by tying in saw
tooth formation to all posts throughout the line. Then use bamboo
to hold down the scaffolding with the anchor post in the ground,
with distance of not more than 4.50 meters apart.
Each tier of the scaffolding shall not be more than
2.00
meters apart.
(b) If other type of lumber is used to make the scaffolding, all
pieces of lumber shall have cross section area of not less than
24 square centimeters and with the narrow part not less than 3
centimeters. The distance between the beam posts and between the
tiers of the scaffolding shall be the same as those of the bamboo
scaffolding and nails shall be used to hold down the scaffolding.
This type of scaffolding shall not be used to accept
the
load of the worker and the light weight materials which are used
for the work.
(2) Types of scaffolding not more than 7.00 meters high
for
construction work.
(a) If bamboo is used to make the scaffolding, all bamboos shall
have average diameter of not less than 6 centimeters, measuring
from the middle of the section. Connecting of the bamboo shall
be over-lapping with the length of the overlap not less than 1.00
meter and fastened together by means of tummy bar turn of not
less than two links. The rope or jute used for tying the bamboo
shall be new of reasonable tensile strength and shall not be less
then 2 centimeters in diameter.
Setting up of the bamboo posts shall be at distance of
not
less than 1.50 meters, in two rows, and the distance between the
double post shall not be less than 50 centimeters and not more
than 79 centimeters, using bamboo to be tied as beam holding to
all posts on both sides. The joist for the floor shall be support
lumber having cross-section not less than 24 square centimeters,
tied to the bamboo beam at distance of not more than 50
centimeters. The wood plank for laying the scaffolding shall be
of not less than 2 centimeters in thickness and held firmly to
the joist.
After the posts have been erected, use bamboo to tie
diagonally with the horizontal plane of not more than 45 degrees,
by means of saw tooth formation, throughout the front and back
rows.
Use bamboo to fasten to the part of the building which
is
strong enough or to the anchor post in the ground, but not to be
at more than 4.50 meters apart.
The distance between the tiers of the scaffolding shall
not
be more than 2.00 meters.
(b) There shall be fall protection rials by using bamboo to be
tied with the post horizontally, at distance from the floor of
the tier of the scaffolding being not less than 90 centimeter and
not more than 1.10 meters high, on all tiers.
This type of scaffolding may not be used to take the
temporary load of not more than 150 kilograms per square meter.
(3) Type of scaffolding not more than 12.00 meter high
for
construction work.
(a) Wooden post with cross-section area of not less than 33
square centimeters with the narrow face of not less than 3
centimeters, shall be used. Erection of the posts shall be at
distance of not less than 2.00 meters from each other, in two
rows; and the distance between the two rows shall be at distance
of not less than 50 centimeters and not more than 75 centimeters.
The posts shall be vertical to the ground. Joining of the posts
shall be by means of contacting and reinforced by straps on both
sides. The strapping lumber shall have cross-section area of not
less than that of the post and having the length of not less than
60 centimeters.
The wood used for making the beams shall have cross
section
are of not less than 33 square centimeters with the narrow face
of not less than 3 centimeters and the width of not less than 9
centimeters. The distance between beam of each tier shall not be
more than 2.00 meters. Connecting of the beams shall be made at
the post. The beam shall be fixed to the post and there shall be
cleats for support at all points.
The wood to be used as joist shall have
cross-section area
of not less than 24 square centimeters with narrow face of not
less than 3 centimeters. The distance between each joist shall
be not less than 50 centimeters and all joists shall be extended
out from the end of the beam by not less than 10 centimeters, by
fastening firmly to all beams.
The wood used as props shall be of the size not less
than
that used for the joist. It is to be propped up from the ground
up in the form saw tooth, and being diagonal at 45 degrees to 60
degrees.
The floor or the scaffolding shall be wooden plank
having
thickness not less than 2 centimeters, laid at the joint of the
floor. The plank shall be laid end to end, and there shall be
reinforced joints to accept the end of the floor at all joints,
which shall to be fastened firmly to the joist.
The equipment used for fastening the scaffolding shall
be
nails of suitable size and length or screw rivet at all points.
In fastening the scaffolding to the building, beam or
concrete column outside the building, round steel bar of 6
centimeters in diameter and not less than 30 centimeters long
shall be embedded in the concrete leaving part protruding from
the concrete, and having distance of not more than 2.00 meters
apart. Said round steel bar shall be protruding as fasteners for
the scaffolding all round the building; and there shall be prop
to prevent the scaffolding from swaying to or falling to the
building in all floors of the building.
The scaffolding shall have ladder to go up inside,
using
wood with narrow face of not less than 3 centimeters and width
of not less than 7 centimeters, hammered in as steps. The
distance of the step shall be not more than 50 centimeters apart.
Each step shall be at angle to one another, but the ladder shall
not be exceeding 10.00 meters.
(b) There shall be fall protection rails using wood with narrow
face not less than 3 centimeters and width not less than 7
centimeters, installed cross-members on the inside all round the
scaffolding. Such railing shall be not less than 90 centimeters
and not more than 1.10 meters high.
This type of scaffolding shall not be used to take
temporary
load of more than 150 kilograms per square meter.
(4) Type of scaffolding not more than 21.00 meters high
for
construction work shall be in accordance with (3) in all
respects, except that the rectangular wooden post shall have
narrow side of not less than 7 centimeters and the post shall be
at distance of not more than 1.50 meters.
CHAPTER 6: PROTECTION FOR PERSONAL SAFETY
Clause 13 . The employer shall arrange to have the
employees
who are performing work concerning with the scaffolding, or on
or under or the neighboring area of the scaffolding, according
to the type and nature of work, and who may be harmed through
such work, to wear safety equipment suitable to the nature of
work and the danger which may be received throughout the period
of time the employees are working, as follows:
(1) Carpentry work, to wear hard cap and rubber sole
shoes.
(2) Steel work, to wear hard cap, cloth or leather
gloves
and rubber sole shoes.
(3) Cement mixing work, to wear cap, rubber gloves or
gloves
made of similar material, and hard rubber shoes.
(4) Masonry, cement finish or surface finish work, to
wear
hard cap, rubber gloves or gloves made of similar materials
rubber sole shoes.
(5) Structure assembly work, moving and installation
work,
to wear hard cap, cloth or leather gloves and rubber sole shoes.
(6) Painting work, to wear hard cap and rubber sole
shoes.
(7) Water work, to wear hard cap, cloth or leather
shoes and
rubber sole shoes.
(8) Glass work, to wear hard cap, cloth or leather
gloves
and rubber sole shoes.
Clause 14 . The employer shall arrange to have
employees who
are working higher than 4.00 meters, which is in the nature of
being alone and without safety equipment or other equipment to
prevent harm, to wear safety belt and safety rope throughout the
time of work.
CHAPTER 7: STANDARD FOR SAFETY EQUIPMENT
Clause 15. Personal safety equipment shall be of the
following standard:
(1) Hard cap shall be dome type shape, single layer,
without
joint, without punch hole. The cap shall be made of non-metal
material or having metal part, weighing not more than 420 grams.
When tested for impact strength and denture, it shall be dented
not more than 1 centimeter.
The topmost of the cap lining shall be at least 3
centimeters from the inside of the cap.
(2) Gloves shall be strong and not easily torn, having
the
length to the wrist and being of the type which can be worn to
cover all fingers, and when worn all fingers can move with ease.
If it is rubber gloves, it shall be water-proof and resistent
against acid and alkaline.
(3) Rubber sole shoes shall be made of leather or cloth
to
cover up the entire feet, and there is rubber sole which is
antislip.
(4) Safety belt shall be made of leather or thread or
nylon
fiber of other material having similar property-knitted in strip,
being not less than 5 centimeters wide, and capable of
withstanding pulling strength of not less than 1,150 Kg.
(5) Safety rope shall be capable of withstanding
pulling
strength of 1,150 Kg. For sling rope, there shall be machine
installed to take the shock.
(6) Hard rubber shoes shall be made of rubber or
material
of similar property cover the entire feet to the height of not
less than shin, and resistent to acid and alkaline.
CHAPTER 8: MISCELLANEOUS
Clause 16. Stipulations on safety under this
Notification
is the standard at minimum to be observed.
Clause 17. The employer shall pay for the expenses in
compliance with this Notification.
Given on 30 June B.E. 2525
Gen. SITTHI JIRAROJ
Minister of Interior.
The International Labour Organization is a United Nations specialized agency.