Indonesia
REGULATION
OF THE MINISTER OF MANPOWER AND TRANSMIGRATION
NO. PER 01/MEN/1980 ON SAFETY AND HEALTH IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
THE MINISTER OF MANPOWER AND TRANSMIGRATION,
Considering : a. that the facts show many
accidents
happened, because the supervision of safety and health in
building construction works has not been carried out as it should
be, so that it is necessary to promote labour protection
standards;
b. that the advancement of development in the
use of modern technology should be coupled with the promotion of
safety and health to workers or other persons who are present in
the work places;
c. that as an implementing regulation of Act
No. 1 of 1970 on Safety it is considered necessary to determine
provisions regulating safety and health in Building Construction
works.
In view of : 1. Article 10
(a) of Act No. 14 of 1969 of
the Basic Provisions concerning Manpower.
2. Article 2 (2c) and article 4 of Act No.
1 of 1970 on Safety.
RESOLVES :
To determine : Regulation of the Minister of
Manpower and
Transmigration on Safety and Health in Building Construction.
CHAPTER I: GENERAL PROVISION
Article 1
In this regulation:
a. Building construction means activities relating to all phases
of work carried out in the workplaces;
b. Workplaces means a place as referred to in article 2 (1) and
(2) c, k, l, of Act No. l of 1970 on Safety.
c. Director means the Director General for the Development of
Labour Relations and Protection of Manpower as means in the
Decision of the Minister of Manpower, Transmigration and
Cooperatives No. Kep. 79/Men/1977.
d. Manager means any person or corporation responsible for the
work in building construction.
e. Scaffold means a platform temporary built and used as a
support for workers, materials and equipment in every building
construction work including the maintenance and demolition.
f. Putlog or bearer means a part of a scaffold used as a place
to put down a platform board.
g. Brace means a part of a scaffold to strengthen two different
construction points in order to prevent the shifting of the
building construction of such scaffold.
h. Ladder scaffold means a scaffold using a ladder as a pillar
to support the platform.
i. Boatwain's chair means a scaffold in the form of a chair
suspended by a cable or rope.
j. Ladder jack scaffold means a scaffold which platform is using
a jack for lifting and lowering and is installed at the ladder.
k. Trestle scaffold means a scaffold supported by a trestle.
l. Window jack scaffold means a scaffold which platform is
installed at the support placed at the opening window
Article 2
Any building construction work performed must be reported to the
Director or Official appointed.
Article 3
(1) In any construction work all necessary measures shall be
taken to minimize accident risk and to prevent injury to
the health of the workers.
(2) As soon as the work site is established a suitable safety and
health organization shall be established and all workers
shall be informed about such safety organization.
(3) The safety and health unit as referred to in (2) above shall
cover preventive measures against: injury, fires, explosion,
occupational disease, first aid include safety measures.
Article 4
All accidents and dangerous occurrences shall be reported to the
Director or Official appointed.
CHAPTER II: WORKPLACES AND EQUIPMENT
Article 5
(1) Every workplace shall be provided with safe means of access
and egress.
(2) All workplaces, stairways, corridors and passageways where
persons work or must frequently pass shall be provided with
sufficient lighting conform with the provisions in force.
(3) All workplaces shall be suitably ventilated so as to render
harmless dust, fumes or other injurious pollutions.
Article 6
Cleanliness and good order shall be maintained so as to ensure
that loose materials, building materials, equipment and tools do
not obstruct workplaces or causes injuries.
Article 7
Precautions shall be taken to ensure that scaffolding materials,
tools, materials and other objects are not thrown, tipped or shot
down from a height where they are liable to cause injury.
Article 8
All platforms, the open sides of all floors, openings in floors,
roofs and platforms into which persons could walk, the open sides
of stairways, all excavations and holes considered dangerous
shall be fenced or provided with a solid cover.
Article 9
Noise and vibrations in workplaces may not exceed the Threshold
Limit Value in force.
Article 10
Unauthorized persons shall not be allowed to enter the
workplaces.
Article 11
Precautions shall be taken to prevent danger to any
person
through the collapse of any part of a building or structure
during any temporary state of weakness or instability of the
building or structure.
CHAPTER III: SCAFFOLDS
Article 12
Suitable and safe scaffolds shall be provided for all work which
cannot be done safely by a person standing on solid or permanent
construction except when such work can be done safely from
ladders.
Article 13
(1) Scaffolds shall be provided with suitable, closely boarded
or planked working platforms stable enough to carry the workers,
the used equipment and materials in a safe way.
(2) Working platform which are more than two meters high shall
be fenced.
Article 14
Gangways, ramps and runways shall be of sound material, good
construction, adequate strength, free from patent defects and be
safe for the purposes for which they are intended.
Article 15
(1) Wooden pole scaffolds shall comprise a number of poles to
which are fixed horizontal ledgers supporting putlogs on which
are laid scaffold planks. This type of scaffolding shall be
adequately braced in all directions.
(2) Only sound straight grained timber shall be used in wooden
pole scaffolds.
Article 16
(1) Suspended scaffolds shall consist of safety anchored
outriggers, suspension ropes of adequate strength and suitable
boarded and fenced platform
(2) The security of suspended scaffolds shall be tested daily
before use.
(3) Only steel wire ropes shall be used for suspended scaffolds
with machine operated platform.
Article 17
Outrigger cantilever or jib scaffold shall be used only by
carpenters, painters, electricians and other like tradesmen who
do not require their working platform to carry quantities of
materials.
Article 18
(1) Ladders serving as uprights of ladder scaffolds shall be
adequately constructed and thoroughly stayed. Ladder scaffolds
shall be used only for light work.
(2) Ladders jack scaffolds shall not be used for work carried out
at a high level.
(3) Trestle scaffolds shall be used only when the work is at a
low level and of short duration.
(4) Bracket scaffolds shall be securely anchored in the wall and
designed to withstand the maximum load at the outer end of the
platform.
(5) Square scaffolds shall be built with particular care to
ensure the stability of the scaffolds.
Article 19
Window jack scaffolds shall be used only for light work of short
duration and only for working at the window opening through which
the jack is placed.
Article 20
Precautions shall be taken to prevent stages for dumping railway
tracks from being overloaded.
Article 21
Tubular metal scaffolds shall consist of uprights,
ledgers,
putlogs and bracing joint by adequate fastenings. Tubings shall
be protected against corrosion and other damages and be of
adequate strength.
Article 22
Mobile scaffolds shall be designed and used in such a way to
ensure that the scaffold shall not overturn.
Article 23
Boatwain's chairs and similar equipment shall be used a scaffolds
only in exceptional circumstances when the work cannot safely be
done by other means.
Article 24
Serial basket trucks shall be designed and used in such way to
ensure the stability in any operation and to prevent the basket
from accidental descent.
CHAPTER IV: LADDERS AND STAIRS
Article 25
(1) Ladders shall consist of two uprights and a number of rungs
and securely fastened to the uprights.
(2) Ladders shall be so constructed, maintained and used in such
a way to ensure the safety of the workers.
Article 26
(1) Portable step ladders and portable trestle ladders shall not
exceed 6 meters in length and the spread between the front and
back legs shall be restrained by safe means.
(2) Extension ladders and mechanical ladders shall not exceed 15
meters in length.
(3) Fixed ladders shall be made of suitable material to withstand
weather and other conditions and shall not exceed 9 meters in
length.
Article 27
Stairs shall be so constructed as to be able to withstand safely
the loads that they will have to carry and be of such width and
so designed to ensure the safety use.
CHAPTER V: LIFTING APPLIANCES
Article 28
Lifting appliances shall be so designed, installed, operated and
maintained as to ensure the safety in any lifting operation.
Article 29
Shafts, engines, wire ropes and platforms of all hoists shall be
designed to prevent accidents by pinching, overloading. engine
failure or the break of the hoisting rope.
Article 30
(1) Every crane shall be so designed, constructed and maintained
that after taking into full account the magnitude, incidence,
conditions and manner of all loadings and forces, the
proportioning of each member, component part and attachment
thereof or thereto is such that the maximum stress imposed or
developed therein is less than the maximum allowed stress and so
proportioned that in functions without excessive elastic action,
deflection, vibration, movement or distortion and without undue
or untimely deterioration.
(2) Where any crane is not designed to lift its maximum safe
working load at all attainable positions it shall have an
approved load radius indicator and such indicator shall be
constantly maintained in good working order and condition.
(3) Derricks shall be designed and erected in such a way to
ensure the stability in any operation;
(4) Legs of A-frames shall be of such material and set up in such
a way to ensure that they will safely carry the safe maximum
load.
Article 31
Precautions shall be taken to prevent persons entering upon the
runway structure of travelling cranes from being injured by
pinching.
Article 32
Monorail hoists shall be provided with a limit switch
to
ensure that the upward travel of the lifting device is stopped
at a safe distance from the top position.
Article 33
Gin poles shall consist of suitable material of
adequate
strength and shall be adequately guyed and anchored.
Article 34
All parts of winches shall be designed and constructed
to
withstand the stresses when the safe maximum load is lifted and
without causing damages to the winding rope.
Article 35
(1) Jacks shall be so secured in position that they cannot
overturn or become in any way displaced.
(2) Jacks shall be equipped with effective means of preventing
overtravel.
CHAPTER VI: ROPES, CHAINS AND ACCESSORIES
Article 36
(1) All ropes, chains and accessories used for hoisting or
lowering or as a means of suspension shall be of sound material,
of adequate strength: and shall be tested regularly to ensure
that they are strong enough to withstand the safe maximum load
with a sufficient safety factor.
(2) Wire ropes shall be handled in such a way to ensure the
prevention of kinks, rust, breakage of wires or other dangerous
defects.
Article 37
Suitable packing shall be used to prevent fibre ropes coming into
contact with surfaces, edges or corners wherever such contact
would be capable of damaging the ropes.
Article 38
(1) Chains shall be thoroughly cleaned and subjected to close,
detailed examination at such intervals as are necessary or
advisable to ascertain whether flaws, cracks or other defects
exist.
(2) Defective chains are not to be used.
Article 39
(1) The safe maximum load shall be reduced when using slings at
various angles.
(2) The reduction as referred to in (1) above shall be calculated
and the calculated safe maximum load shall be well known by the
workers.
Article 40
Pully blocks shall be designed, constructed and maintained in
such a way to ensure that the tension in the rope is minimized
and that the rope will not be damaged in any other way.
Article 41
Hooks and shackles shall be equipped with effective means to
ensure that the load is not accidentally slipping off.
CHAPTER VII: MACHINERY
Article 42
(1) Machinery shall be so installed and further more equipped
with safety devices as to ensure safety.
(2) The safety devices as referred to in (1) above shall not be
removed when the machinery is running.
Article 43
(1) Machinery shall be stopped for inspection and service at
suitable intervals in accordance with the manufactures's
recommendation
(2) Precautions shall be taken to prevent accidental starting of
the machinery at such stops.
Article 44
Machinery operators shall be well trained for their task and in
particular be familiar with the safety regulations being in force
at the specific machinery.
CHAPTER VIII: CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Article 45
(1) Earth moving equipment shall be maintained as to ensure the
safety in any operation.
(2) Precautions shall be taken to ensure the stability of power
shovels and that no unauthorized persons enter the operation area
or any other area that is likely to be in any danger of falling
materials.
Article 46
The operator shall take all necessary precautions to ensure that
a bulldozer or a scraper cannot move accidentally before leaving
it.
Article 47
Asphalt plants shall be so designed, constructed and equipped
with such safety devices and be so operated and maintained as to
ensure that no person will be injured by hot materials, surfaces
or open fire and further more by harmful fumes or dust.
Article 48
(1) Precautions shall be taken to ensure that the stability of
the ground is not endangered when using road rollers.
(2) The operator shall take all necessary precautions to ensure
that a road roller cannot move accidentally before leaving it.
Article 49
Concrete mixers shall be equipped with such safety devices and
be so operated and maintained as to ensure that no person will
be injured by rotating or moving parts of the mixer or from
falling materials.
Article 50
Loading machines shall be equipped with a cab of adequate
strength and be so designed or equipped with such safety devices
that crushing between the bucket jib and the fixed parts of the
machine is adequately prevented.
Article 51
Woodworking machines shall be maintained as to ensure the safety
in any operation.
Article 52
(1) Circular saws shall be equipped with devices to prevent
accidental contact with the saw blade and to catch flying
splinters or broken saw teeth.
(2) Precautions shall be taken to prevent the saw blade from
being jammed or exposes to pressure from the side.
Article 53
(1) The blade of band saws shall be adequately tensioned, set and
sharpened and shall be enclosed except for the opening necessary
for the sawing operation.
Article 54
Planning machines shall be equipped with such devices as to
minimize the exposes opening of the cutting slot and eliminate
the risk from kick backs.
Article 55
(1) Hand tools shall be of good quality and shall be kept in good
condition.
(2) Sharp tools shall be stored and transported in such a way so
as not to cause any risks.
(3) The design and construction of hand tools shall be such that
they are suitable for their purpose and in such a way so as to
prevent accidents.
(4) Hand tools shall only be used for the specific purpose for
which they were designed.
Article 56
All parts of pneumatic tools including hoses and hose connections
shall be designed to safely withstand the maximum operating
pressure and shall be handled with such care that will not be
damaged or in any other way cause risks.
Article 57
(1) Powder actuated tools shall be equipped with a device that
will safely arrest ricochets of projectiles and other objects
liberated by the firing of the tool.
(2) Only cartridges and projectiles suitable for the purpose as
referred to in (1) above shall be used.
(3) The operator shall be at least 18 years old and be thoroughly
trained in the use of the tool.
(4) Powder actuated tools and cartridges shall be transported and
stored in such a way to prevent accident
Article 58
(1) Tractors and motor trucks shall be maintained as to ensure
that they will withstand the heaviest stresses to which they will
be subjected and maintain the sterring and braking ability at any
circumstances.
(2) Only well trained drivers shall be allowed to drive tractors
and motor trucks.
Article 59
lift trucks shall be so operated as to ensure the stability of
the truck in any part of the operation.
CHAPTER IX: UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION
Article 60
The workers shall not be allowed to enter any underground
construction unless, it is thoroughly inspected and ground free
from risks of falling materials, explosions, harmful fumes,
dusts, gases or radiations.
Article 61
(1) When working in shafts adequate precautions shall be taken
to prevent accidents from fall of persons or materials.
(2) Shafts shall be adequately lit and equipped with safe means
of egress so designed and constructed as to ensure that the shaft
can be evacuated in any emergency.
Article 62
Whenever there are any risks of cave-ins of falling rock the roof
and sides of underground constructions shall be adequately
supported.
Article 63
Underground constructions shall be adequately ventilated by
natural or if necessary to prevent injuries, occupational
diseases of discomfort, by mechanical ventilation.
Article 64
(1) Precautions shall be taken to prevent and limit fires in
underground constructions.
(2) For such purpose as referred to in (1) above, suitable fire
fighting equipment shall be provided.
Article 65
(1) Adequate lighting shall be provided at all places where
workers work or pass regularly in accordance with the regulations
in force.
(2) Such emergency lighting shall be provided at places as
referred in (1) above in order that the workers can safely be
evacuated in case of emergency.
Article 66
(1) Drillers shall be protected against falling materials and
precautions shall be taken to minimize harmful effects from
dusts, fumes, gases, noises and vibrations.
(2) Workers shall not be allowed to enter any area where harmful
airborne dust have not been dilated to a harmless level or
removed unless they use respirators.
CHAPTER X: EXCAVATIONS
Article 67
(1) Every part of an excavation work shall be performed in such
a way as to ensure that there will be no danger to any person
from a fall or disledgement of earth, rock or other materials
forming the side of or adjacent to any excavation work;
(2) Sides and walls of excavations shall be prevented from caving
by support or other effective means to ensure the safety of
persons working in pits or trenches.
(3) Precautions shall be taken to ensure the safety of men
working in wells.
CHAPTER XI: PILE DRIVING
Article 68
(1) Pile drivers shall be so installed and maintained as to
ensure the safety in any operation.
(2) Pile drivers and the used equipment shall be thoroughly
inspected at suitable intervals and shall not be used unless
they have been found safe.
Article 69
No workers who are not involved in the operations of the pile
driver, shall be allowed to stay in the vicinity of the pile
driver during any part of the operation.
Article 70
Floating pile drivers shall be equipped with a safety device and
operated in such a way as to ensure the stability and that it
will not sink.
Article 71
Precautions shall be taken to prevent sheet piling from
uncontrolled moving due to winds, currents or other sources
CHAPTER XII: CONCRETE WORK
Article 72
Concrete constructions shall be thoroughly calculated and the
erection thoroughly planned to ensure that the construction and
its supports can safely carry all tools and other forces during
any part of the erection.
Article 73
(1) All practicable precautions shall be taken to prevent workers
from being injured during preparation and erection by concrete
construction.
(2) In particular shall:
a. workers be protected from skin contact with cement and lime;
b. objects and materials be prevented from falling from
concrete buckets;
c. pipes, including couplings and their supports be of adequate
strength when concrete is pumped;
d. setting concrete be protected against chemicals or shocks
that might decrease the final strength;
e. panels and slate be moved into position with great care;
f. workers be protected against lashing when stressed and
tensioned elements are being stressed or tensioned and when they
are lifted or transported;
g. workers be protected from vibrations when operation vibrators.
Article 74
Ends of projecting reinforced rods shall be bent over or
protected by other effective means
Article 75
Concrete bucket towers shall be so erected and guyed as to ensure
the stability of the tower.
Article 76
Concrete forms shall be thoroughly constructed to ensure that the
suffering and its supports can safely carry all loads and other
forces until the concrete is properly set.
CHAPTER XIII: OTHER BUILDING OPERATIONS
Article 77
Prefabricated part shall be so designed and made to ensure that
they can be safely transported and erected.
Article 78
(1) As far as practicable structural steel parts shall be
assembled before they are erected.
(2) Precautions shall be taken to prevent workers from being
injured from falling objects or from falling down during the
erection of structural steel construction.
Article 79
Shafts shall be closely planked above the working level or other
suitable means shall be provided to protect the workers against
falls of objects.
Article 80
The erection of roof trussers shall be done from a safe working
platform or the workers shall be protected by other effective
means.
Article 81
Temporary floors of adequate strength shall be provided whenever
workers are likely to fall through the construction.
Article 82
Heating equipment used for heating bituminous materials shall be
so designed, constructed and operated as to ensure the prevention
of fire and that no workers will be overflowed with heating
materials.
Article 83
(1) Workers shall be protected against skin contact and any other
dangerous contact with wood preservatives.
(2) Impregnated wood shall not be bumed in the construction site.
Article 84
When flammable materials are used for laying floors, facing walls
or other operations, precautions shall be taken to prevent open
fire, sparks and other sources that can ignite them fumes from
being brought into the working are or its vicinity.
Article 85
(1) Asbestos shall be used only when the other less dangerous
material are not available.
(2) When asbestos is used precautions shall be taken to prevent
workers from inhaling asbestos fibers.
Article 86
Workers employed on roofs shall be provided with safe means of
protection so as to ensure that they do not fall off the roof or
through any fragile part of the roof.
Article 87
(1) As far as practicable no paints, varnishes and lacquers
containing dangerous pigments, dyestuffs or solvents shall be
used.
(2) Precautions shall be taken to prevent painters from inhaling
harmful fumes, gases, smoke and dust.
(3) If any painting materials containing substances that can
penetrate into the painter through the skin he shall use adequate
protection.
Article 88
(1) Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent the ignition
of fires during welding and flame cutting.
(2) The welder and other workers in the vicinity shall be
protected against chips, sparks, dangerous fumes and radiations.
(3) The welding and flame cutting equipment shall be so operated
as to ensure the safety and health of the welders and other
workers in the vicinity.
Article 89
(1) All practicable precautions shall be taken to ensure the
safety in blasting operations.
(2) In particular shall:
a. blasting as far as practicable be done only when as few
persons as possible are situated in the vicinity and when weather
and other conditions are favourable;
b. boreholes be drilled and loaded with great care to ensure the
avoidance of misfiring or accidental firing during loading;
c. shots be fired without delay after loading and in such a way
to prevent misfiring or partly exploded shots;
d. fuses be of good quality and so applicated as to ensure safe
firing;
e. precautions be taken to prevent accidental firing when firing
with electricity.
f. workers not be allowed to enter the firing area after firing
unless it has been inspected and found safe.
Article 90
Precautions shall be taken to prevent stone dressers from
inhaling siliceous dust.
CHAPTER XIV: DEMOLITION
Article 91
(1) Before demolition operations begin, a plan for the carrying
through of the operations shall be established.
(2) As far as practicable all electricity, gas, water and steam
service lines shall be shut off
Article 92
(1) All glazed parts, loose objects and projecting parts shall
be removed at the start of the demolition work.
(2) Demolition operations shall be executed storey by storey
commencing at the roof and working downward.
(3) All practicable precautions shall be taken to avoid danger
from collapse of the structure.
Article 93
(1) Mechanical demolition equipment shall be so designed,
constructed and operated as to ensure the safety of the operator.
(2) Adequate safety zones where no workers are allowed shall be
established when mechanical demolition equipment is being used.
Article 94
Where workers or other persons may be exposed to the danger of
being struck by materials or objects falling from upper working
levels, catch platforms of adequate strength shall be provided
or the exposed area shall be fenced off.
Article 95
(1) Walls shall not be pushed down unless the floor can safely
carry the forces.
(2) The workers shall be protected against dust and flying
fragments.
Article 96
(1) When workers are removing floors, planks of adequate strength
shall be provided which are independently supported.
(2) No workers shall be allowed to work in the area directly
underneath and such area shall be fenced off.
Article 97
Structural steel work shall be demolished tier by tier in such
a way to ensure that the stability of any part of the
construction is not endangered when it is released.
Article 98
Precautions shall be taken so as to ensure that no workers or any
other persons are being struck by materials or objects falling
from a height when tall chimneys are being demolished.
CHAPTER XV: THE USE OF SAFETY DEVICES AND
PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
Article 99
(1) Safety devices and protection equipment which conform with
the nature of the work performed by the workers shall be provided
in sufficient quantity.
(2) The equipment as referred to in (1) above shall comply with
the requirements of safety and health.
(3) The equipment as referred to in (1) above shall be used
according to its function by any worker or other person entering
the workplace.
(4) Any worker or other person entering the workplace is obliged
to use the equipment as referred to in (1) above.
CHAPTER XVI: TRANSITIONAL PROVISION
Article 100
Any construction work which is being designed or executed shall
be made in conformity with the provision of this Ministerial
Decision.
CHAPTER XVII: OTHER PROVISIONS
Article 101
The terms "adequate", "good", "safe",
"special", "as far as", "in
such a way", used in this Ministerial Regulation shall be in
conformity with the legislative regulations in force or
determined by the Director or official appointed.
Article 102
The manager is obliged to observe all provisions of this
Regulation.
CHAPTER XVIII: PENAL PROVISIONS
Article 103
(1) If a manager fails, to comply with the provision of article
102 as meant above, he shall be punishable by imprisonment of up
to three months or by a fine of up to Rp. 100.000,-(one hundred
thousand rupiahs).
(2) Offences punishable under this regulation shall be regarded
as minor offences.
(3) The Minister of Manpower and Transmigration may request the
Minister responsible for the field of building construction to
inflict administrative punishment upon any person who fails to
comply with the provisions of this Regulation.
CHAPTER XIX: CONCLUDING PROVISIONS
Article 104
The Safety Inspector as meant in Act No. 1 of 1970 on Safety
shall supervise the observance of the implementation of this
regulation.
Article 105
(1) Matters not yet provided shall be further prescribed.
(2) Matters requiring implementing regulations shall be further
determined by the Director.
Article 106
This Ministerial Regulation shall come into force on the day of
its determination.
Determined in Jakarta
on 6 March 1980
The Minister of Manpower and Transmigration
HARUN ZAIN
The International Labour Organization is a United Nations specialized agency.