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Publications : ILO Publications : Placement of Job-Seekers with
Disabilities International Labour Office Placement of Job-Seekers with DisabilitiesElements of an Effective ServiceBarbara Murray ILO East Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team Copyright © International Labour Organization 1999 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to the ILO Publications Bureau (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered in the United Kingdom with the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P9HE (Fax: +44 171 436 3986), in the United States with the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 (Fax: +1 508 750 4470), or in other countries with associated Reproduction Rights Organizations, may make photocopies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. First published 1999 The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. ILO publications can be obtained through major booksellers or ILO local offices in many countries, or direct from Customer Service, ILO Publications, International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. A catalogue or list of new publications will be sent free of charge from the above address. Printed in Thailand ForewordPeople with disabilities seek jobs for much the same reasons as nondisabled people. They wish to earn a living, live independently, and make social contacts. As with other job-seekers, finding a job and progressing in it is important for their self-esteem. Like other job-seekers too, they differ enormously in age, place of residence, personality, educational level, skills, abilities, and aspirations. Unlike non-disabled people, though, people with disabilities are likely to have faced difficulties in getting an education, and in accessing vocational training and further education. These facts alone cause many disabled people problems when it comes to seeking a job. They also face what is for many an unsurmountable obstacle - the negative attitudes of potential employers about their ability to work and to contribute to the performance of the enterprise. Employment placement services play a central role in promoting employment opportunities, especially for job-seekers who face particular obstacles in finding a job. Since assisting disabled job-seekers to find employment is a relatively new task for the employment services in Asia- Pacific countries, the overall functioning of these services needs to be strenghtened so that they can better identify suitable jobs in the open labour market. Responding to this need, as identified in the Targets for Action of the Asian-Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons 1993-2002, the International Labour Office's East Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team (ILO EASMAT) developed, tested, and established an approach to the placement of disabled job-seekers in a project carried out during the period 1996 to 1999, involving four countries in the region - China, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam. This approach has now been shown to form the basis for an effective placement service. In the course of this work, it became clear that an effective employment placement service for this target group must be set in a solid policy framework, if necessary backed by legislation, must have a clear operational strategy to guide implementation of policy and the law and must offer, or arrange, certain interlinked services to employment service clients - disabled job-seekers and employers. In addition, the employment service needs to form linkages with other government ministries and agencies at a policy level, to ensure that obstacles which disabled people may face in securing and keeping a job are minimized, and that the skills which they offer are relevant to labour market opportunities. This publication examines the strategies which an effective placement service can adopt and the key components which it should include, as well as the alliances which it needs to develop with other agencies to ensure that it can work effectively. It is intended for policy-makers and managers in mainstream and dedicated employment placement services, operated by governmental and non-governmental organizations. It complements the earlier ILO EASMAT publication Assisting Disabled Persons in Finding Employment - A Practical Guide intended for placement and vocational guidance personnel. The translation of the publication into national languages is encouraged; comments and suggestions for its improvement are welcomed. The booklet has been prepared by Barbara Murray, Senior Specialist in Vocational Rehabilitation, and Robert Heron, Senior Labour Administration Specialist, ILO EASMAT. Valuable contributions were made, at an early stage, by participants at a technical consultation "Developing an Effective Service for People with Disabilities" held in Singapore, February 1999 and at a workshop "Placing People with Disabilities to Employment" held in Hong Kong, China, March 1999. R. W. Dudley Bangkok Table of contents 1. Placement services for people with disabilities - internationaltrends
2. Policy and legislative framework for an effective placement service 3. Placement service - key components
5. Building external alliances
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