INFORMAL ECONOMY AND VULNERABLE GROUPS >> Race

Documents and programmes of interest

Abramo, L. Desigualdades e discriminação de gênero e raça no mercado de trabalho brasileiro e suas implicações para a formulação de uma política de emprego. ILO, 2004.

The Brazilian labour market is marked by persistent and significant gender and race inequalities and this is an aspect that must be considered in the formulation, implementation and assessment of public policies in general, and in employment, social inclusion and poverty alleviation policies, in particular. This is what the text argues. It is divided in two parts: the first one analyses some indicators of gender and race inequalities in the labour market and the second one presents some indications regarding the need to include the gender and race dimensions in employment policies.

>> Presentation
>> Women
>> People with disablity
>> Race
>> Child labour

García de Leiva, P. Educación para un Desarrollo Sustentable liderado por sus protagonistas Comunidades Q´eqchí´es en Livingston. (Education for Sustainable Development lead by its stakeholders: the Q'eqchi' Community in Livingston). Guatemala. GTZ/PROMOCAP.
The core of this organisation has been education, which is the basis of any community development. Some of the most important aspects of the organisation's vision in this sense are: the respect to the Maya people's view of the world, gender equity and environment.
The Association supports primary schools in the villages where AK Tenamit works. It has its own boarding school for boys and girls and a basic and a diversified high school. Its curriculum focuses on the sustainable development of communities. The teaching method used is the Tutorial Learning System, which combines school work with practice, thus adapting to the needs of communities in a better way. In this sense, the diversified high school offers training in one field in Guatemala: Rural Welfare Expert.
In addition, boarders carry out extracurricular activities, such as craft-making, carpentry and masonry during weekends; they can also attend weekly workshops and talks on topics such as self-esteem, leadership and community organisation.

Moraes, Eunice Léa de. Relação gênero e raça na política pública de qualificação social e profissional. Brasília: MTE, SPPE. DEQ, 2005. 39 p. – Construindo identidades sociais; v. 1. Coleção Qualificação Social e Profissional

This article intends to address the relationship between gender and race in vocational training from the basis of the new National Qualification Plan. These categories, gender and race, begin to have a different role in public policy for the present government. In 2003, the government created two important secretaries: the Secretaria Especial de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial (SEPPIR) and the Secretaria de Promoção da Mulher, thus addressing the historical claims of women's and black people's movements for the sustainable promotion of race and gender equity.

OIT/ETM PA. Turismo sostenible con comunidades indígenas. Mercado y sostenibilidad. (Sustainable tourism with indigenous communities. Market and sustainability). Lima: ILO. Technical Multidisciplinary Team of the Andean Countries, 2001. (Working Paper, 138)
This document is the Report on the Workshop Seminar "Sustainable Tourism with Indigenous Communities", carried out between 23 and 24 July 2001 in the city of La Paz, Bolivia. It seeks to make a reflection and a debate on the challenges, potential and risks implied by the promotion of this activity in indigenous communities.
The event is framed within the promotion of the application of Convention Nº 169, which acknowledges, grants and promotes the fundamental rights and freedoms of indigenous peoples, among which we find their economic and labour rights.
The activities cover three countries of the Andean region: Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru, countries with multiple points in common in terms of their historical origins and cultural characteristics.
Tourism can become a crucial component in local economic development in favour of indigenous communities and the villages they live in. In order for this to take place, state policies that address the specific needs of rural communities must be designed. They should provide them with the necessary incentives to move their own resources and skills and establish a legal and institutional framework that favours all actors: communities, private enterprises and local and national government should cooperate to achieve a common objective: the competitiveness and sustainability of the tourism sector.

Valenzuela, M.E.; Rangel, M. (coord.). Desigualdades entrecruzadas: pobreza, género, etnia y raza en América Latina. (Criss-crossed inequalities: poverty, gender, ethnicity and race in Latin America). Santiago, Chile: ILO, 2004. 175p. ILO, 2004. Project on Gender, poverty and employment in Latin America.

This book aims at making a reflection upon the need to include an integrated approach that brings together both ethnic/racial and gender categories in employment and poverty alleviation policies. The book defends the idea that even if the indigenous and African-descendant manpower is more qualified, there are discrimination mechanisms in the educational sector and the labour market that continue to prevent these people from enjoying equal social benefits. In this sense it states that it is necessary to promote equity policies that take into account both dimensions (gender and ethnicity/race) in order to reduce such gaps.