Gender issues

Articles from the ILO Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety

 

Vol. 1 - Pages 9.1-9.30 (Printed Version) - Tabl* 9.2

Reproductive System

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND TOXICOLOGY

Epidemiological studies of paternal effects on pregnancy outcome

Reference

Type of exposure or occupation

Association with exposure1

Effect

Record-based population studies

Lindbohm et al. 1984

Solvents

Spontaneous abortion

Lindbohm et al. 1984

Service station

+

Spontaneous abortion

Daniell and Vaughan 1988

Organic solvents

Spontaneous abortion

McDonald et al. 1989

Mechanics

+

Spontaneous abortion

McDonald et al. 1989

Food processing

+

Developmental defects

Lindbohm et al. 1991a

Ethylene oxide

+

Spontaneous abortion

Lindbohm et al. 1991a

Petroleum refinery

+

Spontaneous abortion

Lindbohm et al. 1991a

Impregnants of wood

+

Spontaneous abortion

Lindbohm et al. 1991a

Rubber chemicals

+

Spontaneous abortion

Olsen et al. 1991

Metals

+

Child cancer risk

Olsen et al. 1991

Machinists

+

Child cancer risk

Olsen et al. 1991

Smiths

+

Child cancer risk

Kristensen et al. 1993

Solvents

+

Preterm birth

Kristensen et al. 1993

Lead and solvents

+

Preterm birth

Kristensen et al. 1993

Lead

+

Perinatal death

Kristensen et al. 1993

Lead

+

Male child morbidity

Case-control studies

Kucera 1968

Printing industry

(+)

Cleft lip

Kucera 1968

Paint

(+)

Cleft palate

Olsen 1983

Paint

+

Damage to central nervous system

Olsen 1983

Solvents

(+)

Damage to central nervous system

Sever et al. 1988

Low-level radiation

+

Neural tube defects

Taskinen et al. 1989

Organic solvents

+

Spontaneous abortion

Taskinen et al. 1989

Aromatic hydrocarbons

+

Spontaneous abortion

Taskinen et al. 1989

Dust

+

Spontaneous abortion

Gardner et al. 1990

Radiation

+

Childhood leukaemia

Bonde 1992

Welding

+

Time to conception

Wilkins and Sinks 1990

Agriculture

(+)

Child brain tumour

Wilkins and Sinks 1990

Construction

(+)

Child brain tumour

Wilkins and Sinks 1990

Food/tobacco processing

(+)

Child brain tumour

Wilkins and Sinks 1990

Metal

+

Child brain tumour

Lindbohmn et al. 1991b

Lead

(+)

Spontaneous abortion

Sallmen et al. 1992

Lead

(+)

Congenital defects

Veulemans et al. 1993

Ethylene glycol ether

+

Abnormal spermiogram

Chia et al. 1992

Metals

+

Cadmium in semen

1 – no significant association; (+) marginally significant association; + significant association.
Source: Adapted from Taskinen 1993.

Updated by AS. Approved by JT. Last modification: 23 May 2002.