NATURAL DISASTERS AND DISASTER RELIEF

A CIS BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

CIS 03-37   Law No.2003-699 of 30 July 2003 concerning the prevention of technological and natural hazards and the compensation of damage caused by them [France] (Loi n°2003-699 du 30 juillet 2003 relative à la prévention des risques technologiques et naturels et à la réparation des dommages). DEVX0200176L, Journal officiel de la République française, 31 July 2003, No.175, p.13021-13037. (In French)

This Law modifies relevant articles of the Environment and Labour Codes. Contents: information on technological hazards; control of urban development in the neighbourhood of major-hazard industrial establishments; installations subject to a "Prevention Plan for Technological Hazards"; special provisions relating to major hazards or dangerous materials in transportation; measures relating to the safety of personnel; compensation of victim of technological disasters; changes in the Environment Code relating to natural hazards (information, flood forecasting, national and local organization of major natural hazard prevention, soil use and management, agriculture in areas subject to environmental constraints); rules related to public works. (101175)

CIS 02-1880   Crisis response - Rapid needs assessment manual. ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. xx, 138p. ISBN 92-2-112639-0 (In English)

The Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction of the International Labour Organization (ILO) addresses employment-related issues following crisis situations. These include the promotion of employment- intensive reconstruction and rehabilitation works, socio-economic reintegration of crisis-affected groups, skills training, local economic development initiatives and the promotion of small enterprises and cooperatives. This manual is aimed at ILO staff, consultants and other persons who participate in needs assessment and programme development. It provides a framework to help rapid needs assessments in the context of crisis and post-crisis situations. It outlines the ILO approach, spells out the assessment methodology, topics and questions to be addressed, assessment reporting and programme options for selected types of crisis responses. (See also CIS 02-1879). (100790)

CIS 02-1879   ILO generic crisis response modules. ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2002. xxi, 132p. ISBN 92-2-112690-0 (In English)

The Programme on Crisis Response and Reconstruction of the International Labour Organization (ILO) addresses employment-related issues following crisis situations. These include the promotion of employment- intensive reconstruction and rehabilitation works, socio-economic reintegration of crisis-affected groups, skills training, local economic development initiatives and the promotion of small enterprises and cooperatives. This publication is aimed at ILO staff, consultants and other persons who participate in needs assessment and programme development. It is designed to promote consistency in ILO responses to crisis-related situations. The four modules focus on substantive aspects of response to natural disasters, armed conflict, financial and economic downturns and social and political transitions. (See also CIS 02-1880). (100789)

CIS 01-1028   Responsibilities of the enterprise with respect to personal protection in emergency situations (El deber de autoprotección del empresario en situaciones de emergencia). Blasco Mayor A., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2001, No.11, p.4-14. Illus. (In Spanish)

This article examines the issue of the responsibility of employers with respect to personal protection. It explains the characteristics of hazards that can be found at the place of work as well as the responsibilities of employers under current Spanish legislation covering occupational hazards and industrial safety and protection. Employers are required to undertake an analysis of emergency situations (linked to the activity of the enterprise, to external factors or to natural disasters), to prepare en emergency plan, to organize emergency intervention teams and to inform employees, subcontractors and the competent authorities. (77181)

CIS 01-1045   Crises and decent work: A collection of essays. Date-Bah E., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. ix, 97p. Bibl.ref. ISBN 92-2-112638-2 (In English)

Collection of technical papers on how the ILO's Decent Work agenda (including improvements in occupational safety and health) can contribute to the prevention or resolution of major crises in the world, whether due to natural disasters or human conflict. (77070)

CIS 00-1004   Safety first! - Protection against hazards of all nature which threaten human existence (La sécurité d'abord! - La protection contre les risques de toute nature qui menacent l'existence humaine). Goll-Perrier J., J. Goll-Perrier, BP 216, 92604 Asnières Cedex, France, Mar. 1999. 2 vols. 407p. + 343p. Illus. Prix: FRF 240.00 (for the 2 volumes). ISBN 2-9513448-0-5 (In French)

Thorough survey of safety and health issues in and out of the workplace, from the viewpoint of an experienced insurance professional in France. Vol.1 has two parts. Part I: role, scope and methods of safety and health (techniques and legal aspects; economic aspects; the moral and social dimensions; effectiveness of preventive efforts; issues of responsibility, fraud and criminality; administrative matters). Part II: safety and health in France: fire safety; theft; water damage; accidents (occupational, traffic and domestic accidents; accidents involving public transport; special hazards - mountaineering, natural disasters, transport of hazardous substances, earthquakes, nuclear hazards; accident prevention and rehabilitation of victims); protection of the environment; diseases and death; role and activities of the insurance industry and of the French health-care system. Vol.2 examines the safety and health systems in the various countries of the world. It also provides a comparative analysis of particular OSH issues around the world: fire prevention; role of the ILO, labour unions and the European Union; highway safety; health care and particular health issues (alcoholism, drug addiction, venereal diseases and AIDS, ageing, hormones and animal feed, role of the WHO); international activities in OSH; statistics on OSH. (75380)

CIS 99-1215   Selection, training, and support of relief workers: An occupational health issue. McCall M., Salama P., British Medical Journal, 9 Jan. 1999, Vol.318, No.7176, p.113-116. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

Topics: character; health care personnel; mental disorders; mental health; psychological and psychiatric services; psychological effects; vocational selection; vocational training. (73160)

CIS 99-100   Preparing for emergencies (technological & non-technological). Bukkawar V.G., Mande P.R., Golden Jubilee Publications, RH-2, Loha Bhavan Co-operative Society, Sector-3, New Panvel, District - Raigad (Maharashtra) 410 206, India, 1997. xix, 152p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: INR 840.00 (USD 70.00 outside India). (In English)

Topics: disasters; emergency organization; glossary; hazard evaluation; India; legislation; major hazards; manuals; natural phenomena; psychological effects; safety planning; safety training in industry. (72252)

CIS 96-2264   The global effects of volcanic eruptions on human health and agriculture: A review. Glaser A.N., Journal of Agromedicine, 1996, Vol.3, No.2, p.31-43. 46 ref. (In English)

Effects of volcanic hazards are reviewed by first considering the direct human health effects of each of the physical phenomena produced by volcanoes and then by considering their broader secondary consequences. Hazards include: production of tephra (rock fragments, dust and ash), volcanic gas, volcanic blasts and atmospheric shock waves, lahars or mudflows, pyroclastic flows, debris avalanches, lava flows, floods and earthquakes. Agricultural workers are especially vulnerable to the effects of eruptions, in particular exposure to airborne and deposited volcanic ash and dust. (67822)

CIS 96-1861   Risk of heat-related injury to disaster relief workers in a slow-onset flood disaster. Dellinger A.M., Kachur S.P., Sternberg E., Russell J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.689-692. 15 ref. (In English)

Analysis of medical claims filed by disaster relief workers in the State of Illinois (USA) following the 1993 floods indicated that the most frequently reported injury was heat-related injury or illness. Workers involved in sandbagging activities were exposed to high ambient temperatures, high humidity and prolonged exertion, all of which can contribute to heat-related injury. Basic prevention guidelines include a balanced work-rest schedule, easily accessible drinking water, acclimatization to work activities, and early recognition and treatment of heat-related symptoms. (67586)

CIS 96-1865   Estimated dose to a flood clean-up worker. Cehn J.I., Health Physics, Jan. 1996, Vol.70, No.1, p.109-110. 1 ref. (In English)

A case is discussed of a waste station worker accidentally exposed to ionizing radiation from 10 radium needles. She worked nearby for 2.5 days until the material was identified as a radioactive source. Her external exposure was reconstructed and estimated to be 1.25-1.75mSv (125-175mrem), but no medical concern or follow-up was indicated from this dose. If she were pregnant during this incident, since the regulatory dose limit for a pregnant radiation worker is 5mSv (500mrem) the dose to the foetus would also be within safe limits. (67569)

CIS 96-140   Learning from failure - the systems approach. Fortune J., Peters G., John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 1UD, United Kingdom, 1995. xi, 262p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 19.99. ISBN 0-471-94420-3 (In English)

This manual discusses the nature of failure and examines various approaches to the understanding of failure based on both individual and organizational behaviour. The systems failures method is described and applied to an aircraft fire at Manchester Airport, United Kingdom, the chemical plant disaster at Bhopal, India, the failure of electronic medical records in the health care systems of the United Kingdom, Canada and the USA, and to the Channel Tunnel. A final chapter looks at the contribution of the systems failures method to risk analysis and disaster prevention. (65971)

CIS 95-1698   Public health surveillance. Halperin W., Baker E.L., Monson R.R., eds., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1992. xx, 238p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. ISBN 0-442-00762-0 (In English)

This textbook reviews the history of public health surveillance in the US and describes methodologies used. Examples of surveillance in a range of areas are presented, including hazard surveillance, nosocomial infections, injury surveillance and epidemiological surveillance following disasters. A chapter on surveillance of occupational illness and injury covers general principles, medical screening, interpretation and action based on group test results (legal and ethical responsibilities), health care provider case reporting and monitoring injury, illness and exposure trends. (65260)

CIS 95-880   Communication in crisis situations (Communiquer en cas de crise). Centre national de Prévention et de Protection (CNPP), La Médiathèque du Risque, 5 rue Daunou, 75002 Paris, France, 1990. VHS videotape (length: 10min). Price: FRF 2500.00 (plus tax). ### (In French)

This videotape is aimed at those who might have to deal with the media in a critical situation (accident, fire, explosion, major environmental disaster). Practical advice is given on how to communicate with the media in such situations. (64726)

CIS 95-706   Wireless communication technology applied to disaster response. Yoho D.R., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1994, Vol.65. No.9, Section I, p.839-845. 27 ref. (In English)

The evolving technologies associated with radio pagers, radios, cellular telephones, satellite communications and personal communication services are explored. Basic descriptions of current and future equipment are outlined along with applications of the equipment to medical disaster response and advantages and disadvantages of each technology. (64027)

CIS 94-2062   Learning from disasters - A management approach. Toft B., Reynolds S., Butterworth Heinemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 1994. xii, 140p. approx. 160 ref. Index. Price: GBP 25.00. Available from: Reed Book Services Ltd., P.O. Box 5, Rushden NN10 9YX, United Kingdom. ISBN 0-7506-0692-4 (In English)

This volume presents an analysis of the learning processes which occur in organizations following a disaster. Contents: use of systems theory to analyze the complex socio-technical nature of disasters; methodology used in the research; generation of hindsight and the use of public enquiries to draw out lessons from disasters; general and specific factors affecting organizational learning; case studies giving brief descriptions of the events leading up to a disaster and highlighting the fact that both technical and social factors are involved in disaster causation; review of research findings and model of an organizational learning system. (63402)

CIS 94-1565   Practical measures in accident prevention. African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, Aug. 1992, Vol.2, No.2, p.31-60. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

This issue concentrates on the experiences of various African countries in accident prevention. Contents: chemical accidents and disasters in Kenya (H.A. Onyoyo); trade union accident prevention programmes in Zimbabwe (R. Loewenson); practical measures in accident prevention (C.P.N. Shilla and R.A. Monyo); the role of posters in OHS - the Ethiopian experience (M.Y. Defabachew); factory inspection - technical competence is not enough (L.R. Heron). Other articles include: occupational health and safety studies in Swaziland (M.P. Mandara); priorities in occupational health and safety in a developing country (J.R. Jepsen). (63060)

CIS 94-1036   Development of environmental monitoring system for disaster prediction. Sagisaka M., Noda K., Shiota K., Mining Engineer, Feb. 1994, Vol.153, No.389, p.213-218. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

A computer-based monitoring system for coal mine safety is described. The system incorporates handling of time series data, linkage of data from scattered sensors and a variety of monitoring items. Prevention of spontaneous combustion or fires is achieved by continuously monitoring the carbon monoxide concentration gradient. A new method is proposed for predicting outbursts of gas and coal and the prevention of gas explosions is achieved by monitoring methane data. (62186)

CIS 93-1688   Hazard management and emergency planning. Perspectives on Britain. Parker D.J., Handmer J.W., James and James (Science Publishers) Ltd., 5 Castle Road, London NW1 8PR, United Kingdom, 1992. x, 286p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 35.00. ISBN 1-873936-06-0 (In English)

This volume is the result of a small international workshop held in London, England in September 1989. An assessment is made of the extent to which the British approach to hazard management and emergency planning matches the perceived level of threat posed by hazards, accidents and disasters. The principal legal, organisational and cultural impediments to more effective hazard management and emergency planning are identified and possibilities for improvements are examined. International perspectives and cross-country comparisons are also presented. It is concluded that current standards of protection in Britain appear to be insufficient for the 1990s and beyond. (60959)

CIS 93-635   Acts of God and acts of man - Recent trends in natural disasters and major industrial accidents. Glickman T.S., Golding D., Silverman E.D., Discussion Paper CRM 92-02, Resources for the Future, 1616 P Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20036, USA, May 1992. 65p. Illus. 45 ref. (In English)

Trends and patterns in natural disasters and major industrial accidents are examined both worldwide and in the US. Data are taken from a new database developed at Resources for the Future which covers the years 1945-1989 for the US and 1945-1986 for the world. The database development process is discussed in the appendix which includes a summary table listing all events in the database with month and year of disaster, country or region, type of disaster, and reported deaths. Results of the analysis showed that there is a need for more complete and consistent information on how and why such events occur. (59775)

CIS 92-2023   The management of information in emergency situations: A guide to disaster journalism (Gestión informativa en una emergencia: Guía de periodismo catastrófico). Pérez de Tudela y Pérez C., Mapfre seguridad, Apr.-June 1991, Vol.11 (2nd Quarter), No.42, p.15-23. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish)

Accurate information is essential during the management of an emergency situation, particularly in the prevention phase. This article discusses the importance of programmes that enable individuals to cope with specific emergencies. It also discusses the situations in which warning the public about actual or potential disasters is appropriate. (59246)

CIS 92-730   Law No.91-39 of 8 June 1991 concerning the control and prevention of disasters and the organisation of disaster relief [Tunisia] (Loi n°91-39 du 8 juin 1991 relative à la lutte contre les calamités, à leur prévention et à l'organisation des secours). Journal officiel de la République tunisienne, 14 June 1991, Vol.134, No.43, p.1144-1145. (In French)

Major hazards are defined in this law as fires, floods, earthquakes, and other natural disasters whose severity is such that normally available regional or national means are not sufficient to control the situation. (58255)

CIS 92-263   National medical response to mass disasters in the United States. Pretto E.A., Safar P., Journal of the American Medical Association, 4 Sep. 1991, Vol.266, No.9, p.1259-1262, p.1266. 46 ref. (In English)

Preparing for a resuscitation response to mass disasters requires revision of present local, regional and national disaster plans in the USA. These should include: life-supporting first aid and basic rescue capability of the lay public; advanced trauma life support and rescue capability brought quickly to the scene from local and regional emergency medical service systems; trauma hospitals sending medical resuscitation teams to, and receiving casualties from, the disaster scene. It is proposed that the National Disaster Medical System replace its civil defence model with an emergency medical services model designed to mobilise rapid support for local emergency services systems from regional, state and national resources. (57275)

CIS 88-288   When disaster strikes: a handbook for the caring professions. Raphael B., Hutchinson, 62-65 Chandos Place, London WC2N 4NW, United Kingdom, 1986. 342p. Bibl. Indices. Price: GBP 19.95. ISBN 0-09-165470-X (In English)

This handbook is written for health professionals and others involved in caring for survivors of disasters. Contents: the nature of disasters; anticipation (warnings and response); impact and immediate aftermath; death and survival; loss and grief; dislocation and relocation; the young, the old and families; mental health and adjustment; victims and helpers; psychosocial care; community and political dynamics; integration of catastrophes in the human system. In the appendix: a sample questionnaire screening for risk of post-disaster disorders. (48930)

CIS 87-1443   Disaster planning. Occupational Safety and Health, Mar. 1987, Vol.17, No.3, p.8-14. Illus. no ref. (In English)

This is a summary of the talks given during a seminar held in London, United Kingdom, in November 1986. Discussed were: legal requirements, accident potential investigation, emergency planning, information to the public; contingency planning, periodic reappraisal, feasibility of emergency plans, exercises or rehearsals, and rehabilitation. The conclusions covered the role of risk management in an enterprise. A disaster planning package is described which shows a series of disasters and concentrates on the lessons to be learned from role play exercises. (48649)

CIS 85-1147   Organization and implementation of a disaster drill for health care facilities. NSC Data Sheet I-708-84, National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA, Rev. 1984, 5p. Illus. Bibl. (In English)

This data sheet outlines the different steps in planning and organising a mass casualty training exercise for hospitals and other health care institutions. (44004)

CIS 74-317   Standard for hypobaric facilities. NFPA No.56E-1972, National Fire Protection Association, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, USA, 1972. 40 p. 4 ref. Price: US-$1.25. (In English)

This standard is intended for the general guidance of hospital personnel giving hypobaric therapy or using hypobaric chambers with oxygen-enriched atmospheres, and for rescue workers in related emergency situations. Individual chapters are devoted to: nature of hazards (general, fire and explosion, mechanical, physiological and medical hazards); construction and equipment (illumination, ventilation, fire fighting, electrical systems, intercommunications and monitoring equipment); administration and maintenance (denitrogenation, equipment, control, handling of gases, electrical and electrostatic safeguards). Data on pressures in hypobaric chambers and a suggested procedure in case of fire are appended. (20572)

CIS 73-534   Regulations respecting entry into and occupancy of hazardous confined spaces in federal works, undertakings and businesses (Canada Confined Spaces Regulations) [Canada] (Règlement concernant l'accès aux espaces clos dangereux et leur occupation dans les ouvrages, entreprises ou affaires de compétence fédérale). DORS/72-13 = SOR/72-13, Canada Gazette - Gazette du Canada, 9 Feb. 1972, Part II, Vol.106, No.3, p.156-161. (In English, French)

Issued pursuant to the Canada Labour Code, Part IV (Safety of Employees), these regulations apply to entry into and occupancy of confined spaces in federal works, undertakings and businesses. Safe ingress and egress must be assured for employees wearing prescribed protection equipment. Precautions include: person in charge must observe each entry; prevention of inadvertent or accidental entry; hazard evaluation and warning; pre-entry emergency and rescue procedures, instruction and training; safety levels of toxic airborne substances; correction of oxygen deficiency; removal and prevention from entry of liquids and free-flowing solids; occupancy time limit; pure air breathing apparatus; safety harness; ventilation equipment with safety alarm; inspection, maintenance and defective equipment procedures. Replaced by CIS 86-1483. (19278)

CIS 73-455   Regulations respecting the investigation and reporting of employment accidents in Federal works, undertakings and business (Canada Accident Investigation and Reporting Regulations) [Canada] (Règlement du Canada concernant les enquêtes et les rapports sur les accidents). Dors/71-583 = SOR/71-583, Department of Labour, Ottawa, Canada Gazette - Gazette du Canada, 24 Nov. 1971, Part II, Vol.105, No.22, p.1930-1935. (In English, French)

Issued pursuant to the Canada Labour Code, Part IV (Safety of Employees) these regulations apply to the investigation and reporting of employment accidents in Federal works, undertakings and businesses except underground mine workings and motor vehicles operated on public highways. Investigation and written reports are mandatory for all accidents or conditions at the workplace that result in: disabling injury; an electric shock, or toxic or oxygen deficient atmosphere causing unconsciousness; accident emergency procedures, rescue or revival; an explosion, etc. An additional telephone or telegraph report is required within 24h for: disabling injury to 2 or more employees; fatality; or explosion. Evidence relating to serious or fatal accidents may be disturbed for safety reasons only. Employers of less than 15 employees must keep minor injury records; more details are required for 15 or more. Replaced by CIS 86-1483. (19264)