| Document accession number: | 94-670 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 61940 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
The lessons of Bhopal
|
| Indexing title: |
The lessons of Bhopal and resources for community action against hazardous technologies
|
| Authors (personal): | Abraham M. |
| Source: |
International Organization of Consumers Unions (IOCU), Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, P.O. Box 1045, Penang, Malaysia, Sep. 1985. iv, 151p. 150 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
This book addresses issues raised by the Bhopal disaster and provides a resource manual for community action to prevent similar accidents or limit their consequences. Contents: the Bhopal tragedy and its aftermath; response of governments, industry, international agencies and community action groups; policy issues; conclusions; prevention of future Bhopals. Appendices include: profile of methyl isocyanate; unregulated air toxins identified by the chemical industry; statements and guidelines on controlling chemical hazards issued by various organizations following the disaster (OECD, World Bank and IFC, UNEP, ILO); FAO code of conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; methyl isocyanate; major hazards; chemical industry; chemical hazards; disasters; developing countries |
| Descriptors (secondary): | OECD; FAO; ILO; UNEP; pesticides; multinational enterprises; pollution control; neighbourhood protection; role of government; legal aspects; list of chemical substances; international agreements |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 87-1453 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 48699 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
Bhopal - Anatomy of a crisis
|
| Indexing title: |
Analysis of the Bhopal accident (India), 1984
|
| Authors (personal): | Shristava P. |
| Source: |
Ballinger Publishing Co., 54 Church Street, Harvard Square, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, 1987. 184p. Illus. Bibl. Index. Price: US$19.95.
|
| Abstract: |
An analysis of the Union Carbide disaster in Bhopal (India), 3 Dec. 1984, in which a large quantity of methyl isocyanate gas (MIC) leaked from a storage tank, killing thousands of people. Contents: causes and characteristics of industrial crises (in general); causes of the Bhopal disaster, including a HOT (Human, Organisational, Technological) analysis; consequences of the accident in India, the USA, and elsewhere; three models of the crisis (as seen by the Government of India, by the Union Carbide company, and by the surviving victims); suggestions for the prevention of industrial crises and for coping with them when they occur.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; methyl isocyanate; chemical industry; disasters; developing countries |
| Descriptors (secondary): | USA; occupational safety; analysis of accident causes; emergency organization; role of government; compensation of occupational accidents; accident descriptions |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 87-279 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 47566 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Bhopal: fault-tree analysis
|
| Indexing title: |
Fault-tree analysis of the Bhopal disaster
|
| Authors (personal): | Grenouillet P., Lavenant D., Picot A., Bertin O. |
| Source: |
Aug.-Sep.-Oct. 1986, No.10, p.17-24. Illus.
|
| Abstract: |
Fault-tree analysis of the circumstances and known facts connected with the Bhopal disaster.
|
| Original languages/titles: | French [Bhopal: l'arbre des causes] |
| Serial title: | Preventique |
| ISSN: | 0766-5687 |
| Descriptors (primary): | total loss control; methyl isocyanate; carbaryl; analysis of accident causes; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | India |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9; CAS 63-25-2 |
|
| Document accession number: | 94-669 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 61896 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
Bhopal: industrial genocide?
|
| Indexing title: |
A compilation of documents from Indian publications on the Bhopal disaster
|
| Source: |
ARENA Press, Rm A4, Blk G, 2/F, Hung Hom Bay Centre, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Mar. 1985. 222p. Illus.
|
| Abstract: |
This book contains a compilation of documents from Indian publications on the Bhopal chemical plant disaster. Topics covered: alleged government indifference and union appeals for improved safety measures at the plant; investigations into causes of the pressure build-up leading to the release of methyl isocyanate; plant design deficiencies and other factors underlying the multiple failures that led to the accident; profile of the plant owners, Union Carbide, and suggestions of dubious practices; culpability of the government and Union Carbide; multinationals in developing countries; biological and environmental effects of methyl isocyanate; pesticide hazards; legal issues arising out of the disaster; lessons for the future.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; methyl isocyanate; chemical industry; disasters; developing countries |
| Descriptors (secondary): | environmental pollution; multinational enterprises; role of government; management failure; chemical hazards; legal aspects; accident descriptions |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 92-190 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 57266 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Delayed eye and other consequences from exposure to methyl isocyanate: 93% follow up of exposed and unexposed cohorts in Bhopal
|
| Indexing title: |
Delayed eye and other consequences from exposure to methyl isocyanate
|
| Authors (personal): | Andersson N., Ajwani M.K., Mahashabde S., Tiwari M.K., Kerr Muir M., Mehra V., Ashiru K., Mackenzie C.D. |
| Source: |
Aug. 1990, Vol.47, No.8, p.553-558. 16 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
A follow-up study 3 years after exposure to methyl isocyanate in 93% of exposed survivors and "control" residents in 10 Bhopali communities showed an excess of eye irritation, eyelid infection, cataract, and a decrease in visual acuity among the exposed people. Breathlessness was twice as common in the heavily exposed clusters as among those with lower exposure a trend that could not be explained by different age or smoking patterns. Case referent analysis of outpatient attendances at Bhopal Eye Hospital, considering patients with severe refractive errors and astigmatism as "controls", showed a 40% increased risk of trachoma, 36% increased risk of other lid infections, and 45% increased risk of irritant symptoms among previously exposed people. "Bhopal eye syndrome" may thus include resolution of the initial interpalpebral superficial erosion, a subsequent increased risk of eye infections, hyperresponsive phenomena (irritation, watering, and phlyctens), and possibly cataracts. It remains to be confirmed whether this reflects a more generalised disease as a consequence of previous exposure to methyl isocyanate or whether it is only the eye that is affected.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | British Journal of Industrial Medicine |
| ISSN: | 0007-1072 |
| Descriptors (primary): | methyl isocyanate; diseases of eyes and related structures; cataractogenic effects; delayed effects; health hazards |
| Descriptors (secondary): | cataract; amblyopia; comparative study; long-term study |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 90-2020 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 55103 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Health impact of the Bhopal disaster: An epidemiological perspective
|
| Indexing title: |
Epidemiological aspects of the Bhopal disaster
|
| Authors (personal): | Narayan T. |
| Source: |
18 and 25 Aug. 1990, p.1835-1846 and 1905-1914. 89 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Literature review of the epidemiologic studies concerning the Bhopal disaster. Much of the statistical data and analysis from the various studies is reproduced, and a critique of the studies is also offered.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Economics and Political Weekly |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; methyl isocyanate; epidemiologic study; major hazards; chemical hazards; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | literature survey |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 90-277 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 53253 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Managing hazardous facilites: Lessons from the Bhopal accident
|
| Indexing title: |
Hazard management lessons from the Bhopal accident
|
| Authors (personal): | Bowonder B., Miyake T. |
| Source: |
Nov. 1988, Vol.19, No.3, p.237-269. Illus. 74 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
The authors offer a new system of terminology for analysing the errors that led to the accident. The importance of institutional risk analysis systems, hazard management procedures and committment to safe operation of facilities is stressed.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; chemical industry; causes of accidents; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | hazard evaluation; history |
|
| Document accession number: | 88-1674 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 50333 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Bhopal gas tragedy: Model simulation of the dispersion scenario
|
| Indexing title: |
Model simulation of the Bhopal (India) dispersion scenario
|
| Authors (personal): | Singh M.P., Ghosh S. |
| Source: |
Dec. 1987, Vol.17, No.1, p.1-22. Illus. 17 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
The physicochemical properties of methyl isocyanate (MIC) and its biological activity, as well as the probable cause of the accident, are discussed. The role of meteorology and topography with regard to the dispersion process is also documented. To obtain an estimate of the possible concentration levels of MIC in the atmosphere, an analytic dispersion model has been formulated. The model output gives an estimate of the ground level concentration and the approximate time of arrival of the plume front in the various affected localities. Dry deposition and the aqueous phase conversion of MIC with the humid atmosphere were also featured in the model. The model results seem to be fairly well correlated with the scantily available mortality distribution records. The effects of the gas on animals, plants and humans are described.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; gas emission; methyl isocyanate; toxic gases; vapour clouds; mathematical models; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | weather; biological effects |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 01-1506 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 77344 |
| Document type: | Information notes, codes of practice, standards |
| Title: |
Exothermic chemical reactions (III): Analysis of major accidents
|
| Indexing title: |
Information note on the analysis of major accidents caused by uncontrolled chemical reactions (Spain), 1999
|
| Authors (personal): | Calvet Marquez S. |
| Source: |
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 10p. Illus. 3 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
This information note analyses major accidents in the chemical industry caused by uncontrolled chemical reactions included in two databases, the Major Accident Reporting System (MARS) and the Major Hazard Incident Data Service (MHIDAS). Contents include: legal aspects; MARS and MHIDAS database search results; descriptions of seven major accidents, including those of Seveso and Bhopal (description of the production process and the accident, analysis of the causes, and conclusions that can be drawn). See also CIS 01-1504 and CIS 01-1505.
|
| Original languages/titles: | Spanish [Reacciones quimicas exotermicas (III): analisis de accidentes graves] |
| Descriptors (primary): | Spain; exothermic reactions; analysis of accident causes; major hazards |
| Descriptors (secondary): | data sheet; accident descriptions; computerized data bases |
|
| Document accession number: | 02-123 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 78119 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Occupational health - Indian scenario
|
| Indexing title: |
Current occupational health situation in Indian factories
|
| Authors (personal): | Parekh R. |
| Source: |
July-Sep. 2000, Vol.XXXI, No.2, p.38-41.
|
| Abstract: |
There are currently some 200,000 registered industrial factories in India, including more than 5000 chemical factories which together employ more than half-a-million workers. The Bhopal disaster of 1984 incited the Government to amend the Factories Act of 1948, which represents the main occupational safety and health legislation. This article presents an overview of the current occupational health situation in India as well as the amendments to the Factories Act which were adopted in 1987.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Industrial Safety Chronicle |
| ISSN: | 0301-4746 |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; occupational hygiene; safety and health organization |
| Descriptors (secondary): | medical examinations; industrial physicians; health service records; legislation; public OSH institutions; schedule of occupational diseases |
|
| Document accession number: | 00-1422 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 75394 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
For whom does safety pay? The case of major accidents
|
| Indexing title: |
Analysis of major accident prevention costs
|
| Authors (personal): | Hopkins A. |
| Source: |
July-Aug. 1999, Vol.32, No.2-3, p.143-153. 15 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Government agencies regularly use the argument that "safety pays" as a way of motivating employees to attend to occupational health and safety. This paper looks at the effectiveness of this argument in the case of catastrophic hazards. It suggests that, while it may be true that safety pays in an abstract sense, this is irrelevant unless it can be shown that safety pays for relevant decision makers. All too often it does not. The article illustrates its claims by drawing on the literature on the Zeebrugge, Bhopal and Piper Alpha disasters, as well as on a study of a mine disaster in Australia.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Safety Science |
| ISSN: | 0925-7535 |
| Descriptors (primary): | major hazards; disasters; cost of safety |
| Descriptors (secondary): | human behaviour; motivation; responsibilities of employers; compensation of occupational accidents; economic aspects; cost-benefit analysis |
|
| Document accession number: | 88-1482 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 50535 |
| Document type: | Training manuals, safety guides |
| Title: |
National seminar: Labour inspection and its role in the improvement of health and safety
|
| Indexing title: |
Training course for labour inspectors (Bentley WA, Australia), 1987
|
| Source: |
Curtin University of Technology, Kent Street, Bentley WA, 6102 Australia, 1987. 1 vol. Illus. Bibl.
|
| Abstract: |
Contents of a course organised by ARPLA, and held at Bentley (Western Australia) in June 1987. The material consists of 21 typewritten handouts, covering: accidents; the energy exchange model; fires and combustion; storage and handling of hazardous materials; ignition of flammable mixtures; fire and explosion prevention and protection; prevention of dust explosions (including a list of dusts which have been tested for explosibility in the form of a dust cloud, and a list of materials that have recently been involved in serious dust explosions in industry); the Dow index; a technical manual for extended Dow fire and explosion hazard classification follow-up of assessments; loss prevention (operability studies and hazard analysis); the Bhopal disaster; workplace strategy to control chemical hazards; cyclohexane oxidation; industrial hygiene; legislation and exposure standards (particularly in the US and the United Kingdom); industrial hygiene audits; sampling strategy and techniques; personal protective equipment; hazardous materials management; disposal of hazardous wastes.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | occupational safety and health; labour inspectors; training material; training course |
| Descriptors (secondary): | USA; United Kingdom; Australia; occupational hygiene; total loss control; cyclohexane; fire, explosions; dust explosions; sampling and analysis; hazard evaluation; disposal of harmful waste; personal protective equipment; legislation; chemical hazards; disasters |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 110-82-7 |
|
| Document accession number: | 86-417 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 45684 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
The toxicity of methylisocyanate for rats
|
| Indexing title: |
The toxicity of methylisocyanate for rats
|
| Authors (personal): | Serge W.F. |
| Source: |
Dec. 1985, Vol.12, No.3, p.309-311. Illus. 3 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
The results of previous experiments on rats are used to derive a concentration-time mortality-response relationship. Contrary to gases such as chlorine or ammonia whose lethality depends on concentration, it seems that in the case of methylisocyanate, the duration of exposure is dominant in determining the mortality response. A prolonged exposure to MIC may have therefore been the cause of the high number of victims in Bhopal in India. One should consider in this connection that MIC does not have a well recognisable odour at concentrations up to 24mg/m3.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| Descriptors (primary): | methyl isocyanate; toxicology; lethal concentration 50; dose-response relationship |
| Descriptors (secondary): | odour threshold; animal experiments; disasters |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 86-735 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 45911 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Acute toxicity of methyl isocyanate: a preliminary study of the dose response for eye and other effects
|
| Indexing title: |
A dose-response study of acute exposure to methyl isocyanate
|
| Authors (personal): | Salmon A.G., Kerr Muir M., Andersson N. |
| Source: |
Dec. 1985, Vol.42, No.12, p.795-798. 8 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Acute toxic effects of methyl isocyanate in the rat were determined for 2h exposures to concentrations in the range 11ppm (very slight effect) to 65ppm (death due to pulmonary oedema). Non-respiratory effects included a narcotic or sedative effect producing unconsciousness at concentrations as low as 11ppm, with only minimal changes in the eyes or in the breathing rate. Effects in the eye (mostly epithelial erosions) were most pronounced at intermediate exposure levels. Following sublethal exposures, respiratory problems disappeared completely, but there was some evidence of residual neurological or pulmonary changes. When these observations are connected with those made in exposed people after the Bhopal incident, a clear relationship can be seen between animal and human data. Urinary thiocyanate concentrations in the exposed rats were lower than those in controls, indicating that conversion to cyanide did not take place.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | British Journal of Industrial Medicine |
| ISSN: | 0007-1072 |
| Descriptors (primary): | methyl isocyanate; pulmonary oedema; dose-response relationship; toxic effects; acute toxicity |
| Descriptors (secondary): | eyes; urinary metabolites; animal experiments; narcotic effects |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 624-83-9 |
|
| Document accession number: | 87-1374 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 48716 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Risk assessment: controlling hazardous materials
|
| Indexing title: |
Risk assessment methodology and the control of hazardous materials
|
| Authors (personal): | Heising C.D. |
| Source: |
May 1987, Vol.15, No.1-2, p.123-135. Illus. 19 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Recent events such as the Bhopal chemical plant accident in India and the Chernobyl nuclear plant accident in the USSR have demonstrated that technologies have the potential to release hazardous materials to the environment with catastrophic consequences. This paper discusses probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) and suggests that this methodology can be useful in the regulatory arena. This conclusion is based both on previous experience (e.g. the Reactor Safety Study) and growing interest in the methodology from many different sectors, including regulatory agencies such as EPA, NASA, OSHA, and NRC, the military, in addition to the private sector, such as insurance companies. Since human error is a major contributor to accident risk in large technologies, this paper also discusses at some length how such error may be quantified in risk assessments, as well as how risk may be reduced through improved management practices. Finally, regulatory developments in this area, and future directions for change, are also highlighted.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| Descriptors (primary): | dangerous substances; hazard evaluation; chemical industry; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | USA; legislation |
|
| Document accession number: | 88-1133 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 50147 |
| Document type: | Training manuals, safety guides |
| Title: |
Labour inspection and its role in improving safety and health, with particular reference to the chemical industry
|
| Indexing title: |
Training course for labour inspectors on safety and health in the chemical industry (ILO), 1987
|
| Authors (corporate): | Asian and Pacific Regional Centre for Labour Administration (ARPLA), Bangkok |
| Source: |
ILO Publications, Intenational Labour Office, 1211 Geneve 22, Switzerland, Nov. 1987. 189p. Illus. Bibl. Price: USD 6.50.
|
| Abstract: |
Contents of this course aimed at labour inspectors, held in Hong Kong in June 1987: accident analysis; the Bhopal disaster; fires and explosions; prevention of dust explosions; major hazard control; release of flammable and toxic substances and effects of fires; health hazards from chemicals in the workplace; disaster planning; legislation and exposure standards for chemical substances; sampling strategies and techniques for contaminant evaluation; industrial hygiene audits; personal protective equipment; hazardous material management; disposal of hazardous wastes. The syllabus of the seminar programme is given in the annex.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | labour inspectors; training course; chemical industry; developing countries |
| Descriptors (secondary): | Hong Kong; India; total loss control; flammable substances; fire, explosions; waste disposal; personal protective equipment; emergency organization; accident investigation; legislation; chemical hazards; disasters |
|
| Document accession number: | 89-240 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 51178 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
Learning from accidents in industry
|
| Indexing title: |
Learning from accidents in industry
|
| Authors (personal): | Kletz T. |
| Source: |
Butterworth and Co. Publishers Ltd., Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent TN15 8PH, United Kingdom, 1988. 158p. Illus. Index. Price: GBP 17.50.
|
| Abstract: |
This book presents a detailed investigation of technical causes of accidents together with the underlying causes. It analyses accidents that have occurred, mainly but not entirely, in the chemical industry and shows how we can learn more from accidents. The incidents discussed range from the trivial to major accidents such as Flixborough, Seveso and Bhopal. It can be of interest to all those concerned with the investigation of accidents of whatever sort, and to all those who work in the processing industries.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | accident investigation; chemical industry |
| Descriptors (secondary): | occupational safety; gas storage tanks; gas explosions; analysis of accident causes; major hazards; personal protective equipment; role of management; leakage; types of accident; radiation accidents |
|
| Document accession number: | 90-555 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 53669 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Chemical safety: Organization of infrastructures in India
|
| Indexing title: |
Organisation of chemical safety structures in India
|
| Authors (personal): | Krishna Murti C.R. |
| Source: |
Sep. 1989, Vol.22, No.1, p.75-83. Illus. 8 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Although some measures were introduced on the Indian subcontinent in the 70s of the last century to protect the living environment, it is only in the last 5 decades of political independence that legislation in India oriented towards the regulation of activities related to hazardous chemicals has received any serious attention. In the wak of the Bhopal disaster, the initiative for environmental protection has gained considerable momentum. The outcome of the resulting activities so far as they are pertinent to chemical safety are reviewed in this paper.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Journal of Hazardous Materials |
| ISSN: | 0304-3894 |
| Descriptors (primary): | India; chemical industry; chemical hazards; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | safety programmes |
|
| Document accession number: | 92-979 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 57998 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Management styles - The effects on loss prevention
|
| Indexing title: |
Effects of management styles on loss prevention
|
| Authors (personal): | Lihou D.A. |
| Source: |
Feb. 1992, No.103, p.9-16. 2 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Five aspects of loss prevention objectives which senior management need to be able to manage are discussed: failure and emergencies; financial crisis and uncertainty; innovation and change; material resources; personnel. Effective management of these aspects is considered to require efficient communication and effective motivation. The effects of these factors on loss prevention are discussed and then illustrated by aspects of the Bhopal and Flixborough disasters.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Loss Prevention Bulletin |
| ISSN: | 0260-9576 |
| Descriptors (primary): | total loss control; major hazards; role of management; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | human factors; information of personnel |
|
| Document accession number: | 02-1624 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 100545 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
Protecting and saving lives at work: The emerging challenge in Asia
|
| Indexing title: |
Guide to the implementation of an action plan for promoting occupational safety and health in hazardous occupations (ILO), 1994
|
| Authors (corporate): | International Labour Office (ILO) |
| Source: |
ILO East Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team (ILO/EASMAT), P.O. Box 2-349, Radjamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand, 1994. vi, 36p. Illus. 14 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
This booklet presents a practical plan of action for promoting occupational safety and health in hazardous occupations among ILO member states in the Asia-Pacific region. It is based on the Occupational Safety and Health Convention 1981 (ILO Convention 155, see CIS 87-1133) and the Occupational Health Services Convention (ILO Convention 161, see CIS 86-859). Contents: impact of industrialization in Asia; hazardous industries (construction, mining, transport, agriculture and forestry); from Bhopal to small workplaces (hazards in large and small enterprises); policies and programmes for improving occupational safety and health; practical actions to improve occupational safety and health; regional cooperation.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | Asia; ILO; occupational safety and health; role of government; international agreements |
| Descriptors (secondary): | dangerous substances; small enterprises; major hazards; safety guides; international cooperation; mining industry; construction industry; health services; disasters |
|
| Document accession number: | 01-1191 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 77138 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Major chemical accidents of modern times
|
| Indexing title: |
Survey of major chemical accidents in the 20th century
|
| Source: |
July-Aug. 1999, No.46, p.20-25. Illus.
|
| Abstract: |
This article briefly presents the major chemical accidents having occurred during the 20th century; Oppau (Germany, 1921, ammonium nitrate); Ludwigshafen (Germany, 1948, dimethyl ether); Texas City (USA, 1947, ammonium nitrate); Brest (France, 1947, ammonium nitrate); Los Alfaques (Spain, 1978, propylene); Texas City (USA, 1978, isobutane); Mexico City (Mexico, 1984, hydrocarbons); Bhopal (India, 1984, methyl isocyanate); Dakar (Senegal, 1992, liquid ammonia).
|
| Original languages/titles: | French [Les grands accidents chimiques modernes] |
| Serial title: | Preventique-Securite |
| ISSN: | 1262-4055 |
| Descriptors (primary): | chemical products; major hazards; chemical industry; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | ammonium nitrate; ammonia; hydrocarbons; methylpropane; propylene; dimethyl ether; methyl isocyanate; gas storage tanks; bulk liquid containers; tank trucks; ship holds; fire; explosions; accident descriptions |
| CAS Registry Number: | CAS 115-07-1; CAS 115-10-6; CAS 624-83-9; CAS 6484-52-2; CAS 75-28-5; CAS 7664-41-7 |
|
| Document accession number: | 99-1641 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 73685 |
| Document type: | Periodical articles |
| Title: |
Risk management: Role of social factors in major industrial accidents
|
| Indexing title: |
Role of social factors in major industrial accidents
|
| Authors (personal): | Britkov V., Sergeev G. |
| Source: |
Oct.-Nov. 1998, Vol.30, No.1-2, p.173-181. 15 ref.
|
| Abstract: |
Societal factors play an important role in creating 'favourable' conditions for the occurrence of major industrial accidents. This general conclusion rests on the analyses of several serious accidents which took place in recent years, including the Chernobyl, Three Mile Island and Bhopal tragedies. Main factors of a social nature, such as regulatory functions and mechanisms, legal aspects and economic considerations, and acting in conjunction with technological factors, create preconditions which make major industrial accidents possible. The situation in the industrial safety sphere in the former USSR and its successor, the Russian Federation, taken as a case study, demonstrates the validity of the points raised in the presentation and serves as a basis for several conclusions. The three major accidents amply demonstrate the importance of societal factors in the origin and development of human-made technological disasters. Topics: analysis of accident causes; disasters; human behaviour; human factors; human failure; legal aspects; major hazards; plant safety organization; Russian Federation; social aspects.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Serial title: | Safety Science |
| ISSN: | 0925-7535 |
| Descriptors (primary): | major hazards; plant safety organization; disasters; social aspects |
| Descriptors (secondary): | Russian Federation; human factors; human behaviour; analysis of accident causes; human failure; legal aspects |
|
| Document accession number: | 96-140 |
| Database record number (ISN): | 65971 |
| Document type: | Books, reports, proceedings |
| Title: |
Learning from failure - the systems approach
|
| Indexing title: |
Manual on a systems approach to the understanding of failure
|
| Authors (personal): | Fortune J., Peters G. |
| Source: |
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 1UD, United Kingdom, 1995. xi, 262p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 19.99.
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| Abstract: |
This manual discusses the nature of failure and examines various approaches to the understanding of failure based on both individual and organizational behaviour. The systems failures method is described and applied to an aircraft fire at Manchester Airport, United Kingdom, the chemical plant disaster at Bhopal, India, the failure of electronic medical records in the health care systems of the United Kingdom, Canada and the USA, and to the Channel Tunnel. A final chapter looks at the contribution of the systems failures method to risk analysis and disaster prevention.
|
| Original languages/titles: | English [] |
| Descriptors (primary): | prediction; safety analysis; major hazards; human failure; management failure; disasters |
| Descriptors (secondary): | hazard evaluation; case study; accident descriptions; manuals; description of technique |
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