13 Lahelma, E.: Unemployment, Re-employment and Mental Well-Being. 1989.
14 Economic integration of disabled persons, Outlines of Development. 6.3.1996. Ministry of Labour.
15 Ibid.
16 Arinen S., Häkkinen U., Klaukka T., Klavus J, Lehtonen R and Aro S.:1998. Health and the Use of Health Services in Finland. Stakes and SII.
17 Salminen, J.K, Saarijärvi S., Tikka J., Rissanen S., Raitasalo R., Toikka T. and Puukka P. Vakava Masennus ja Työkyky. Suomen Lääkärilehti. 22-23/97 vsk 52.
18 Salminen K., Saarijärvi S. and Raitasalo R.: 1997. Depression and Disability Pension in Finland. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica.
19 Statistical Yearbook of the Social Insurance Institution. 1997. A Publication by the Social Insurance Institution T1:33.
20 Finland has two pension systems: the National Pension Scheme and the Employment Pension Scheme. Both pay old-age, disability and survivor's pensions. The National Pension Scheme provides pensions on the basis of residence and guarantees a minimum income whereas the Employment Pension Scheme is based on employment and related to earnings. The national pension is co-ordinated with the person's pension from the Employment Pension Scheme and paid to persons with low or no employment pension. Thus, when the employment pension exceeds a certain amount there is no entitlement to national pension. National pensions are administered by the Social Insurance Institution. The Employment Pension Scheme is managed by private insurance institutions. The Central Pension Security Institute (ETK) is the central body of the scheme. The public sector has its own pension institutions.
The national pension insurance provides benefits in different categories based on old age, disability, unemployment or loss of spouse or parents. Disability pension is payable to people between 16 and 65 who on account of disease, defect or injury are not able to maintain regular incomes that, considering their age, occupation, education and place of residence would be suitable for them. The pension can be granted either indefinitely or for a specified period, in which case it is considered a rehabilitation subsidy.
21 Ruotsalainen, S:. Challenges for Developing Working Life from the Point of View of Welfare and Productivity. In Alaoini T., Kyllönen M and Kasvio A. (eds.) 1997. Workplace Innovations - a way of promoting competitiveness, welfare and employment. Ministry of Labour.
22 Kalimo, R.: Prevalence of burnout in the Finnish Population. 1997. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
