World Labour Report, 1997-1998

World Labour Report 1997-98 Industrial relations, democracy and social stability

Table 3.1. Collective bargaining structure in selected countries

	Bargaining levels over past 10 years	Dominant levels over past 10 years	Trend over past 10 years
	N/ S, C	N/ S, C	N/S	C

Africa
Egypt¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	i
Eritrea¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	s	d
Kenya¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	s	i
Mali¹	N/S, C	N/S	i	i
Mauritius¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	s
South Africa	N/S, C	C	i	i
Swaziland¹	N/S, C	C	s	d
Uganda¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	i
Zambia¹	N/S, C	C	s	i
Zimbabwe²	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	d

Americas
Argentina³	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Brazil¹	N/S, C	N/S	i	i
Canada⁴	N/S, C	C	d	i
Chile¹	C	C	.	i
Colombia¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	i
Cuba¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	i
Guyana¹	N/S, C	C	s	i
Mexico	N/S, C	C	s	s
Nicaragua¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	s	i
Peru	N/S, C	C	d	i
United States¹	N/S, C	C	d	i
Uruguay	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Venezuela	N/S, C	C	d	i

Asia
Australia^1,4	N/S, C	C	d	i
Bangladesh¹	N/S, C	C	i	i
China¹	C	C	.	i
India⁶	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Japan	N/S, C	C	s	i
Korea, Rep. of	N/S, C	C	.	.
Malaysia⁷	C	C	.	.
New Zealand⁵	N/S, C	C	d	i
Pakistan	C	C	.	.
Philippines¹	C	C	.	i
Singapore¹	N/S, C	C	s	s
Thailand¹	C	C	.	i

Europe
Austria^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Azerbaijan¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	.	s
Belarus¹	N/S, C	C	.	.
Belgium^8,9	N/ S, C	N/S	s	i
Bulgaria¹¹	N/S, C	N/S, C	i	i
Cyprus¹	N/S, C	N/S	i	s
Czech Rep.¹¹	N/S, C	C	s	i
Denmark⁹	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Estonia¹	N/S, C	C	i	i
Finland⁹	N, S, C	N/S, C	s	i
France^8,9	N/ S, C	N/S	s	i
Germany^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Greece^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	d	i
Hungary¹¹	N/S, C	C	d	i
Ireland¹⁰	N/S, C	C	i	s
Italy^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Netherlands^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Norway¹²	N/S, C	N/S	.	.
Poland¹¹	N/S, C	C	d	i
Portugal^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	i	i
Russian Fed.¹⁴	N/S, C	C	d	i
Slovakia¹¹	N/S, C	C	.	.
Slovenia¹	N/S, C	N/S	s	s
Spain^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	i	i
Sweden^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	s	i
Switzerland^8,9	N/S, C	N/S	i	.
Ukraine¹	N/S, C	C	i	i
United Kingdom^8,9	N/S, C	C	d	i
For details on numbered notes after countries, refer to the Technical Notes. N/S = National/sectoral level. C = Company/plant level. d = Decrease. i = Increase. s = Stable.

Updated by MB. Approved by PD. Last Updated 1 Nov 2002.