World Labour Report, 1997-1998

World Labour Report 1997-98 Industrial relations, democracy and social stability

Table 1.2. Trade union density (%)

	Year	Union membership as a percentage of:			Year	Union membership as a percentage of:
		Non-agricultural labour force	Wage and salary earners	Formal sector wage earners		Non-agricultural labour force	Wage and salary earners	Formal sector wage earners

Africa
Botswana	1995	11.5	.	19.3	.	.	.	.
Cameroon	1995	14.7	.	.	.	.	.	.
Cape Verde	1995	16.9	.	.	.	.	.	.
Côte d'Ivoire	1995	13.0	.	77.9	.	.	.	.
Egypt	1995	29.6	38.8	.	1985	38.9	42.7	.
Eritrea	1995	7.2	.	.	.	.	.	.
Ethiopia	1995	4.1	.	22.3	1985	.	.	.
Gabon	1995	2.0	.	.	.	.	.	.
Ghana	1990	25.9	.	.	.	.	.	.
Guinea	1995	2.5	.	.	.	.	.	.
Kenya	1995	16.9	.	33.3	1985	41.9	.	59.6
Mali	1995	13.7	.	.	.	.	.	.
Mauritania	1995	2.7	.	.	.	.	.	.
Mauritius	1995	25.9	29.2	36.6	1985	34.8	.	48.3
Morocco	1994	4.8	.	.	.	.	.	.
Namibia	1995	22.0	.	.	.	.	.	.
Nigeria	1990	17.2	.	.	.	.	.	.
Senegal	1995	21.9	.	54.8	.	.	.	.
South Africa	1995	21.8	40.9	51.9	1985	15.5	17.7	22.8
Swaziland	1995	19.1	22.4	.	.	.	.	.
Tanzania, United Rep. of	1995	17.4	.	51.6	.	.	.	.
Tunisia	1994	9.8	.	.	.	.	.	.
Uganda	1995	3.9	.	6.8	1989	7.8	.	10.2
Zambia	1995	12.5	.	54.5	1985	18.8	.	40.0
Zimbabwe	1995	13.9	.	21.7	1985	11.6	.	15.3

Americas
Antigua and Barbuda	1995	.	53.8	.	.	.	.	.
Argentina	1995	25.4	38.7	65.6	1986	48.7	67.4	.
Bolivia	1994	16.4	.	59.7	.	.	.	.
Brazil	1991	32.1	43.5	66.0	.	.	.	.
Canada	1993	31.0	37.4	.	1985	31.2	36.7	.
Chile	1993	15.9	.	33.0	1985	11.6	.	.
Colombia	1995	7.0	.	17.0	1985	11.2	.	.
Costa Rica	1995	13.1	16.6	27.3	1985	22.9	29.1	.
Cuba	1995	.	70.2	.	1985	.	100.0	.
Dominican Rep.	1995	17.3	.	.	1989	18.9	.	.
Ecuador	1995	9.8	.	22.4	.	.	.	.
El Salvador	1995	7.2	.	10.7	1985	7.9	8.3	.
Guatemala	1994	4.4	.	7.7	1985	8.1	8.2	.
Guyana	1995	25.2^a	.	.	.	.	.	.
Honduras	1994	4.5	.	20.8	.	.	.	.
Mexico	1991	31.0	42.8	72.9	1989	54.1	59.6	.
Nicaragua	1995	23.4	.	48.2	.	.	.	.
Panama	1991	14.2	20.1	29.0	.	.	.	.
Paraguay	1995	9.3	.	50.1	.	.	.	.
Peru	1991	7.5	.	18.3	.	.	.	.
United States	1995	12.7	14.2	.	1985	15.0	18.0	.
Uruguay	1993	11.6	.	20.2	1990	19.9	.	.
Venezuela	1995	14.9	17.1	32.6	1988	25.9	29.8	44.6

Asia
Australia	1995	28.6	35.2	.	1985	40.6	50.0	.
Bangladesh	1995	4.3	7.5	.	1985	15.3	.	.
China	1995	54.7	.	70.0	1985	59.4	.	.
Hong Kong (before 1.7.97)	1994	18.5	22.4	.	1985	14.1	16.8	.
India	1991	5.4	.	22.8	1980	6.6	.	26.5
Indonesia	1995	2.6	3.4	4.8	.	.	.	.
Japan	1995	18.6	24.0	.	1985	22.6	28.8	.
Jordan	.	.	.	.	1988	27.6	.	.
Korea, Rep. of	1995	9.0	12.7	.	1985	8.6	12.4	.
Malaysia	1995	11.7	13.4	.	1986	13.5	.	.
New Zealand	1995	23.2	24.3	.	1986	47.1	54.1	.
Pakistan	1994	5.5	.	29.0	1987	6.4	.	.
Philippines	1995	22.8	38.2	.	1985	18.4	20.7	.
Singapore	1995	13.5	15.9	.	1984	17.0	19.4	.
Taiwan, China	1995	27.9	33.1	.	1987	30.2	42.9	.
Thailand	1995	3.1	4.2	5.2	1985	3.3	4.3	.

Europe
Austria	1995	36.6	41.2	.	1985	51.7	51.0	.
Azerbaijan	1995	75.4	63.8	100.0	1985	100.0	96.3	.
Belarus	1995	96.1	88.0	.	1985	100.0	100.0	.
Belgium	1995	38.1	51.9	.	1985	42.0	52.0	.
Bulgaria	1993	51.4	58.2	.	1991	61.9	62.3	.
Cyprus	1995	53.7	56.5	.	1985	62.7	.	.
Czech Rep.	1995	36.3	42.8	.	1990	76.8	76.9	.
Denmark	1994	68.2	80.1	.	1985	67.4	78.3	.
Estonia	1995	26.4	36.1	.	1985	.	82.5	.
Finland	1995	59.7	79.3	.	1985	61.4	68.3	.
France	1995	6.1	9.1	.	1985	11.6	14.5	.
Germany	1995	29.6	28.9	.	1991	30.7	35.0	.
Former German Dem. Rep.	1993	34.1	42.4	.	1991	41.1	46.2	.
Germany, Former Fed. Rep. of	1993	24.5	29.1	.	1985	29.5	35.3	.
Greece	1995	15.4	24.3	.	1985	23.5	36.7	.
Hungary	1995	52.5	60.0	.	1985	74.1	80.4	.
Iceland	1994	70.7	83.3	.	1985	76.7	78.3	.
Ireland	1993	36.0	48.9	.	1985	41.0	56.0	.
Israel	1995	23.1	23.0	.	1985^b	132.8	146.0	.
Italy	1994	30.6	44.1	.	1985	32.9	47.6	.
Luxembourg	1995	39.5	43.4	.	1987	48.0	53.0	.
Malta	1994	57.9	65.1	.	1985	45.5	47.9	.
Netherlands	1995	21.8	25.6	.	1985	23.3	28.7	.
Norway	1995	51.7	57.7	.	1985	50.7	55.7	.
Poland	1995	27.0	33.8	.	1989	47.1	58.8	.
Portugal	1995	18.8	25.6	.	1986	40.6	51.4	.
Romania	1993	40.7	.	.	1991	50.7	52.8	.
Russian Fed.	1996	74.8	.	.	.	.	.	.
Slovakia	1995	52.3	61.7	.	1990	76.8	76.9	.
Spain	1994	11.4	18.6	.	1985	7.3	11.5	.
Sweden	1994	77.2	91.1	.	1985	79.3	83.8	.
Switzerland	1994	20.0	22.5	.	1985	25.4	28.8	.
Turkey	1995	22.0	33.7	.	1987	14.1	21.0	.
Ukraine	.	.	.	.	1985	100.0	.	.
United Kingdom	1995	26.2	32.9	.	1985	36.0	45.5	.
^a Union membership as a percentage of the economically active population. ^b Including pensioners.

Updated by MB. Approved by PD. Last Updated 1 Nov 2002.