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   A distinct body of rules, supported by one or more institutional units (schemes are not themselves institutional units, as one institution may administer more than one scheme) governing the provision of social protection benefits and their financing. [ILO,694]

    Refers to the persons actually served by a health facility. The scope or radius of a health facility is to be distinguished from its catchment area (or administrative area), within which it is responsible for administering curative, preventive and promotional health care.
Example: In theory, a district health centre covers all the inhabitants of the villages and hamlets in the district. In practice, the inhabitants actually served by the centre make up only part of the total population of the district and/or sometimes extend beyond its limits, owing mainly to geographic factors and to users' perception of the health centre. [ILO-STEP, 144]

   Person who performs some work for profit or family gain (in cash or in-kind) but is not in paid employment. [ILO,694]

   Types of benefit that are aimed at replacing earned income in case of a temporary loss of earnings resulting from sickness, maternity or unemployment. [ILO,694]
See also: long-term benefits

   An internal control mechanism arising from the existence of social relations between members.
Example: The fact that members know each other and live in close proximity to one another helps to limit fraud and abuse, as well as to reduce the unjustified consumption of health care. [ILO-STEP, 144]

    An organized social group that carries out actions to benefit its members and society in general. Examples: Associations of individuals, trade unions, trade union federations, groupings, mutual organizations, cooperatives, etc. [ILO-STEP, 144]

   A generic term covering all guarantees against reduction or loss of income in cases of illness, old age, unemployment or other hardship, and including family and ethnic solidarity, collective or individual savings, private insurance, social insurance, mutual benefit societies, social security, etc. (Excerpt from ILO Thesaurus, Geneva, 1991.)

    A certain minimum level of social protection, a set of basic social rights, services and facilities that the global citizen should enjoy. The term "social floor" can correspond to the existing notion of 'core obligations', to ensure the realization of, at the very least, minimum essential levels of rights embodied in human right treaties. [Chief Executive Board UN]

   The protection which society provides for its members, against the economic and social distress that otherwise would be caused by the stoppage or substantial reduction of earnings resulting from sickness, maternity, employment injury and occupational diseases, unemployment, invalidity, old age and death. To this must be added the provision of medical care and the provision of subsidies for families with children.
Such protection may be provided by different mechanisms: statutory social insurance schemes, universal benefits and services financed from the general budget, social assistance, insurance schemes and micro-insurance schemes. (Adapted from Social security: A new consensus, Geneva, ILO, 2001).

   Consultations with specialist physicians (gynaecologists, paediatricians, surgeons, etc.) and technical medical procedures (X-rays, clinical biology, etc.).
Synonym: specialist service [ILO-STEP, 144]

    Standards either take the form of Conventions or Recommendations and cover all areas that concern the objectives of the ILO. Conventions are designed with a view to being ratified. Hence, when an ILO Member state ratifies a Convention, it becomes subject to legally binding international obligations. While Recommendations are not open for ratification, they specify general or technical guidelines and often supplement corresponding Conventions. Standards therefore serve as globally backed guidelines for national social policies. When ratified, they also prevent countries from going backwards, or losing what has already been achieved

   A reference document describing, in particular, the aim and organization of the health micro-insurance scheme, and the relationship between the various internal bodies and their functions. Once approved by the competent authorities, the statutes confer a legally recognized juridical personality upon the scheme. Moreover, they determine the rhythm of its activities, such as the frequency with which general assemblies are held, annual reports and financial statements are submitted and approved and officials stand for re-election, etc. Depending upon the legal nature of the scheme, they may also lay down the rights and obligations of members (in the case of mutual organizations) or of shareholders (in the case of commercial insurance companies). [ILO-STEP, 144]

    Compulsory social insurance schemes as well as tax-financed social protection schemes administered by national/regional or local authorities

   The team responsible for determining the strategic and technical guidelines of a project and monitoring its progress. [BIT-STEP, 144]

   The supervisory body of a health micro-insurance scheme responsible for overseeing the scheme's administration and compliance with procedures, as well as for reporting on these matters to other bodies within the scheme.
Note: Oversight may also be carried out by an external body: commissioner of audits, external auditor, etc. [ILO-STEP, 144]

   An optional scheme that assumes responsibility for health expenses not covered by social security schemes. Supplementary health insurance is organized at private initiative, most often by a mutual organization or insurance company. [ILO-STEP, 144]

   The difference between income and expenditure for a particular accounting period when income exceeds expenditure. Depending upon legislation and the legal status of the organization, other terms, such as "profit" or "earnings", may be used. [ILO-STEP, 144]