National vocational qualifications (NVQs) in the United Kingdom: their origins and legacy / Michael Young -- The Scottish credit and qualifications framework (SCQF): a case study of a very ’early starter’ / David Raffe -- The implementation and impact of the New Zealand NQF / Rob Strathdee -- From old to new: the Australian qualification framework ( AQF) / Leesa Wheelahan -- The changing faces of the South African NQF / Stephanie Allais -- Lessons from the first qualifications frameworks.