> Droit constitutionnel

Afghanistan - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Law on Elections (15/05/1392) [2014]. -

Adoption: 2014-08-06 | AFG-2014-L-95673

Afghanistan - Droit constitutionnel - Règlement, Décret, Arrêté, Ordonnance

Presidential Decree of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan on Code of Conduct of Security Forces in Election Process (2014). -

Adoption: 2014 | AFG-2014-R-95662

Afghanistan - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Law on Organization and Jurisdiction of the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, (15/07/1392) [2013]. -

Adoption: 2013-06-30 | AFG-2013-L-95663

Afghanistan - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of Afghanistan, 1382 (2004) (¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿) -

Adoption: 2004-01-04 | AFG-2004-C-66413

Chapter one: The State
Chapter two: Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens
Chapter three: The President
Chapter four: The Government
Chapter five: The National Assembly
Chapter six: The Loya Jirga
Chapter seven: The Judiciary
Chapter eight: The Administrative Division
Chapter nine: The State of Emergency
Chapter ten: Amendments
Chapter eleven: Miscellaneous Provisions
Chapter twelve: Transitional Provisions

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution Seventeenth Amendment Act, 2012 [No. 72 of 2013]. -

Adoption: 2013-02-01 | ZAF-2013-C-94003

Amends the Constitution to further define the role of the Chief Justice as the head of the judiciary; to provide for a single High Court of South Africa; to provide that the Constitutional Court is the highest Court in all matters; to further regulate the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Appeal; and to provide for the appointment of an Acting Deputy Chief Justice.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitutional Matters Amendment Act, 2005 (Act 15 of 2005). -

Adoption: 2005-08-30 | ZAF-2005-L-72801

Amends the Public Funding of Represented Political Parties Act, 1997 to provide for the reallocation of money from the Fund and to regulate payment of unspent balances. It also amends the Determination of Delegates (National Council of Provinces) Act, 1998.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 2003 (No. 3 of 2003).

Adoption: 2003-04-09 | ZAF-2003-C-64012

Amends Constitution of Republic of South Africa, 1996. Provides for bills regulating certain financial matters to be dealt with in terms of section 76(1) of Constitution. Further regulates provincial intervention in local government as well as process of review by National Council of Provinces where there has been national executive intervention in provincial government and provincial executive intervention in local government. Also provides for some related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 2003 (No. 2 of 2003).

Adoption: 2003-03-19 | ZAF-2003-C-64011

Amends Constitution of Republic of South Africa, 1996. Enables member of National Assembly or provincial legislature to become member of another party whilst remaining member of National Assembly or provincial legislature. Also enables existing party to merge with another party, or to subdivide into more than one party, or to subdivide and to permit any of the subdivisions to merge with another party, whilst allowing member of legislature affected by such changes to retain membership of that legislature.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 2002 (No. 18).

Adoption: 2002-06-20 | ZAF-2002-L-62421

Enables member of Municipal Council to become member of another party whilst retaining membership of that Council. Also enables existing party to merge with another party, or to subdivide into more than one party, or to subdivide and any one of the subdivisions to merge with another party, whilst allowing member of Council affected by such changes to retain membership of Council.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 2002 (No. 21 of 2002).

Adoption: 2002-06-19 | ZAF-2002-L-62644

Amendment in order to regulate the allocation of delegates to the National Council of Provinces in the event of changes of party membership, mergers between parties, subdivision of parties or subdivision and merger of parties within a provincial legislature.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 2001 (No. 61 of 2001).

Adoption: 2001-12-14 | ZAF-2001-L-61274

Amends Constitution of Republic of South Africa with respect to various financial matters. Provides for introduction of certain financial legislation in the National Assembly, extends definition of "money bill", regulates withholding of funds by national treasury if organs of state commit a serious and material breach of legislation prescribing treasury standards, and deals with various related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 2001 (Act 34 of 2001). -

Adoption: 2001-11-20 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 2001-11-21 | ZAF-2001-L-72773

This Act amends the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, so as to change the title of the President of the Constitutional Court to that of Chief Justice, to provide for the offices of Deputy Chief Justice, President of the Supreme Court of Appeal and Deputy President of the Supreme Court of Appeal, to provide for the extension of the term of office of a Constitutional Court judge, to further regulate the appointment of Deputy Ministers, to make provision for municipal borrowing powers and to enable a Municipal Council to bind itself and a future Council in the exercise of its legislative and executive authority to secure loans or investments for the municipality concerned.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 1999 (No. 3 of 1999).

Adoption: 1999-03-17 | ZAF-1999-C-53154

Allows for a proclamation calling for an election of a provincial legislature to be issued either before or after the expiry of the term of that legislature, and provides for the allocation of undistributed delegates in a provincial delegation to the National Council of Provinces in cases where competing surpluses are equal.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 1999 (No. 2 of 1999).

Adoption: 1999-03-17 | ZAF-1999-C-53155

Allows for a proclamation calling for an election of the National Assembly to be issued before or after the term of expiry of a term of the National Assembly, and dispenses with the requirement that the chairperson and deputy chairperson of the Financial and Fiscal Commission be full-time members of the Commission.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 1998 (No. 87 of 1998).

Adoption: 1998-10-20 | ZAF-1998-C-51490

Governs the case where a municipal boundary is determined across a provincial boundary.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 1998 (No. 65 of 1998).

Adoption: 1998-09-28 | ZAF-1998-C-51171

Amends the Constitution to extend the term of Municipal Councils to five years, to provide for the designation of alternates in respect of certain members of the Judicial Service Commission, to adjust the powers of the Public Service Commission, and to change the name of the Human Rights Commission to the South African Human Rights Commission.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitutional Court Rules (R. 757).

Adoption: 1998-05-29 | ZAF-1998-C-50137

Rules of the Constitutional Court.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitutional Court Complementary Act Amendment Act, 1997 (No. 79 of 1997).

Adoption: 1997-11-26 | ZAF-1997-L-49059

Amends the principal Act so as to provide for the referral of orders of constitutional invalidity of Acts of Parliament, provincial Acts, or conduct of the President of the Constitutional Court; the appointment of counsel to argue cases before the Court, and for the prescribing of rules regulating Court proceedings.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 1997 (No. 35 of 1997).

Adoption: 1997-08-28 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1997-02-04 | ZAF-1997-C-47987

Inter alia, amends the cut-off date respecting the granting of amnesty.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa [No. 108 of 1996]. -

Adoption: 1996-05-08 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1997-02-04 | Date d'entrée en vigueur partielle: 1997-06-30 | ZAF-1996-C-45811

Chapter 1: Founding Provisions Chapter 2: Bill of Rights. Provides for freedom of equality (there shall be no discrimination on the grounds of, inter alia, race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion), freedom of privacy, assembly, association, expression, as well as the right to housing, social security, education and a clean environment. Prohibits forced labour. Article 23 ensures workers the right to form and join trade unions and to strike, and employers the right to form and join employers' organisations and to participate in activities of such bodies. Art. 25 provides for the restitution of land or property to persons who were disposessed of such through racial discriminatory laws. Art. 37 relates to states of emergency, and provides a table of non-derogable rights. Chapter 3: Co-operative Government Chapter 4: Parliament (National Assembly and National Council of Provinces) Chapter 5: The President and National Executive Chapter 6: Provinces Chapter 7: Local Government Chapter 8: Courts and Administration of Justice. Provides for a Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Appeal, and High Courts. Chapter 9: State Institutions Supporting Constitutional Democracy. These include a Public Protector (a type of ombudsman), Human Rights Commission, Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities, and a Commission for Gender Equality. Chapter 10: Public Administration Chapter 11: Security Services Chapter 12: Traditional Leaders Chapter 13 : Finance Chapter 14: General Provisions

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of South Africa Third Amendment Act, 1996 (No. 26 of 1996).

Adoption: 1996-04-16 | ZAF-1996-C-44224

Amends s. 73 of and inserts a new s. 73A to the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act, amending the procedure of adopting the Constitution by the Constitutional Assembly.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 1995 (No. 44 of 1995).

Adoption: 1995-09-20 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1995-06-01 | ZAF-1995-C-42602

Amends the 1993 Constitution to provide for the appointment of a Deputy President of the Constitutional Court and to determine the quorum of the Constitutional Court. Empowers the President to determine the renumeration and allowances of the Premier and members of the Executive Council. Contains numerous provisions relating to traditional leaders and local government, and provides for the appointment of a Secretary for Defence.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 1995 (No. 20 of 1995).

Adoption: 1995-07-03 | Date d'entrée en vigueur partielle: 1995-04-26 | ZAF-1995-C-41874

Makes minor amendments to sections 236 and 237 of Constitution; also substitutes names of three provinces.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitutional Court Complementary Act, 1995 (No. 13 of 1995).

Adoption: 1995-06-08 | ZAF-1995-L-41873

Provides complementary regulations for the Constitutional Court. Section 5 establishes a quorum of eight members for the Court. Sections 10 and 11 relate to matters concerning witnesses and evidence. Section 13 provides for the appointment of a Deputy President of the Court.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Règlement, Décret, Arrêté, Ordonnance

Rules of the Constitutional Court (No. R. 5 of 1995)

Adoption: 1995-01-06 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1995-01-06 | ZAF-1995-R-40060

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Fifth Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 29 of 1994) (No. 2003 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-11-17 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-09-16 | ZAF-1994-C-39193

Regulates the pension and pension benefits of the President; extends the periods within which the first Public Protector and the first members of the Human Rights Commission are to be appointed, and provides for related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Sixth Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 24 of 1994) (No. 2013 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-11-17 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-06-23 | ZAF-1994-C-39196

Increases from five to seven the panel of recognized constitutional experts to be appointed for the purpose of the constitution-making process and provides for related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Fourth Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 14 of 1994) (No. 1600 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-09-16 | ZAF-1994-C-38389

Permits the appointment of persons who are not members of Parliament as Ministers in the Cabinet, and provides for related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Third Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 13 of 1994) (No. 1324 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-07-14 | ZAF-1994-C-38016

Amendments regulating the remuneration, allowances, pension and pension benefits of certain political office-bearers. Also sets out the courts' jurisdiction in relation to constitutional matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 3 of 1994) (No. 863 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-04-25 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-04-27 | ZAF-1994-L-37681

Amendments to provide for the institutions, role, authority and status of traditional monarchs in relation to provincial constitutions.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, 1994 (No. 2 of 1994)

Adoption: 1994-03-02 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-01-14 | ZAF-1994-C-36540

Extends the legislative powers of provincial legislatures and provides that provinces may adopt constitutions in terms of which legislative and executive structures and procedures may differ from those provided for in the Constitution. Establishes a Volkstaat Council and sets out its functions. Authorizes constitutional provision for communities sharing a common cultural and language heritage to exercise a form of self-determination and provides for related matters.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Constitution Consequential Amendments Act, 1993 (No. 201 of 1993)

Adoption: 1994-01-25 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-04-27 | ZAF-1994-L-36539

Amends the State Liability Act, 1957, the Interpretation Act, 1957 and the Transitional Executive Council Act, 1993 to provide for certain matters consequential upon the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993 (No. 200 of 1993).

Adoption: 1994-01-25 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1994-04-27 | ZAF-1994-C-44039

Also contains texts of the six Constitutional Amendment Acts through 25 November 1994.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution Amendment Act, 1992 (No. 3070 of 1992)

Adoption: 1992-11-06 | ZAF-1992-L-32344

Amends the Constitution Act, 1983 to make provisions in relation to the making of the oath of office by an Acting State President and to delete the requirement that a person who is appointed as Minister or Deputy Minister should be or become member of a House of Parliament.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel -

Constitution Second Amendment Act, 1992 (No. 3067 of 1992)

Adoption: 1992-11-06 | ZAF-1992-L-32349

Amends the Constitution Act, 1983 with a view to further constitutional development, to empower the State President in certain circumstances to determine that certain matters which at present are the affairs of a population group shall be general affairs and to take necessary legislative measures for the smooth administration of such a determination by him.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Promotion of Constitutional Development Act 1988. No. 86.

Adoption: 1988-07-13 | ZAF-1988-C-6550

The stated purpose of the Act is to provide for participation by all South African citizens in the planning and preparation of a new constitutional dispensation and to afford Black South African citizens a voice in the processes of government. Provides for establishing a Council and sets forth its composition and methods of operation, as well as the qualifications for membership.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitutional Laws Amendment Act 1987. No. 32.

Adoption: 1987-07-08 | ZAF-1987-C-3953

This Act amends a variety of Acts, in particular the following: the Black Administration Act 1927 (regulating the legal capacity of Black women in relation to the acquisition of ownership), the Promotion of Black Self-Government Act 1959 (appointment of representatives and other matters; repeal of the power to make regulations), the Black Affairs Act 1959 (abolishing certain Black councils), the National States Constitution Act 1971 (providing that the State President may withhold assent in respect of a bill of a legislative assembly), the Black Local Authorities Act 1982 (extending the power to make regulations), the Black Communities Development Act 1984 (same) and the Local Government Training Act 1985, inter alia.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution Amendment Act 1984 (No. 105).

Adoption: 1984-07-05 | ZAF-1984-C-544

Act to amend the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1961, so as to remove the restriction on the revision of the remuneration and allowances of members of the President's Council; to amend the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983, so as to make further provision for the chairmanship at a meeting of a House of Parliament under certain circumstances, the administration of certain departments of State and the performance of the functions of a Minister in that connection, the circumstances under which a House of Parliament is deemed to have rejected a bill, the filling of casual vacancies in certain seats in Parliament, the joint rules and orders of the Houses of Parliament, the right to sit and to speak in a House of Parliament, the calling of joint sittings of the Houses of Parliament, the exercise of the powers conferred in any law on the Prime Minister, the joint rules and orders that may be approved by the House of Assembly, the first session of the first Parliament constituted in terms of that Act and the first delimitation of electoral divisions of the House of Representatives and the House of Delegates; to remove certain disqualifications of certain persons in respect of the first election of members of the last-mentioned Houses of Parliament; to authorize the payment of certain moneys to persons who vacate certain offices as a result of the provision of the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983; and to provide for incidental matters. No. 105.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Republic of South Africa Constitution Act 1983. No. 110.

Adoption: 1983-09-28 | ZAF-1983-C-10026

Act to introduce a new Constitution for the Republic of South Africa and to provide for matters incidental thereto.

Afrique du Sud - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Bantu Laws Amendment Act 1973 (No. 7).

Adoption: 1973-03-14 | ZAF-1973-L-15792

Act to amend the Bantu Administration Act 1927 so as to further define the circumstances in which a tribe, portion of a tribe, Bantu community or Bantu may be required to withdraw from a place; to amend the Bantu Trust and Land Act 1936 so as to make new provision for the declaration of land as a released area, and the calculation of the extent of the land which may be acquired by the South African Bantu Trust; and to regulate the lease of land by the said Trust to persons other than Bantu; to amend the Bantu (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act l952 so as to further regulate the registration of contracts;to amend the South-West Africa Bantu Affairs Administration Act 1954 so as to vest certain land in the sait Trust; to amend the Transkei Constitution Act 1963 so as to extend the powers of the Legislative Assembly of the Transkei; to elucidate the expression "Bantu education" appearing in item 2 of Part B of the First Schedule thereto; and to make new provision for the constitution of a High Court; to amend the Bantu Labour Act 1964 [LS 1964 - SA 1] so as to regulate in certain respects responsibility for the acts or omissions of a Labour agent; to amend the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act 1971 so as to exempt members of legislative assemblies from liability for certain acts; to provide for the reservation of certain land as land which may be occupied or acquired by Bantu persons; to elucidate the expression "Bantu education" appearing in item 2 of Schedule 1 thereto; to make new provision for the constitution of High Courts, and to extend the powers of legislative assemblies; and to amend the Bantu Affairs Administration Act 1971 so as to alter the constitution of Bantu Affairs Administration Boards and the executive committees thereof; and to provide for matters connected therewith.

Albanie - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Loi n° 88/2012 du 18 septembre 2012 modifiant la loi n° 8417 du 21 octobre 1998 sur la Constitution. (Ligj n° 88/2012 per disa ndryshime ne ligjin n° 8417 per Kushtetuten.) -

Adoption: 2012-09-18 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 2012-10-26 | ALB-2012-L-94361

Modifie les articles sur l'imunité des députés et des juges de la Cour Suprême.

Albanie - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Loi n° 9904 du 21 avril 2008 portant modification de la loi n° 8417 du 21 octobre 1998 sur la Constitution. (Ligj n° 9904 per disa ndryshime ne ligjin n° 8417 per Kushtetuten.) -

Adoption: 2008-04-21 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 2008-05-22 | ALB-2008-C-85123

Modifie les articles relatifs aux élections et au fonctionnement de l'Assemblée Populaire, et aux procédures de l'élection du Président de la République.

Albanie - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution de la République d'Albanie du 21 octobre 1998. (Kushtetuta) -

Adoption: 1998-10-21 | Date d'entrée en vigueur: 1998-11-28 | ALB-1998-C-53345

Contient des dispositions relatives aux droits de l'homme et aux libertés fondamentales, aux pouvoirs exécutif (Président, Gouvernement), législatif et judiciaire.

Albanie - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Loi no 8373 du 15 juillet 1998 relative à l'organisation et au fonctionnement de la Cour Constitutionnelle.

Adoption: 1998-07-15 | ALB-1998-L-52760

Souligne que la Cour Constitutionnelle est l'autorité supérieure qui défend et garantit le respect de la Constitution et des lois. La Cour Constitutionnelle est indépendante. Contient des dispositions relatives à la composition de la Cour, au statut de ses membres, à son organisation générale et à ses décisions.

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Autres textes (circulaire, directive, instruction, etc.)

Règlement du 5 septembre 2022 fixant les règles de fonctionnement de la Cour constitutionnelle. -

Adoption: 2022-09-05 | DZA-2022-M-114416

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Règlement, Décret, Arrêté, Ordonnance

Décret présidentiel n° 22-93 du 8 mars 2022 relatif aux règles se rapportant à l’organisation de la Cour constitutionnelle. -

Adoption: 2022-03-08 | DZA-2022-R-113290

Abroge le décret présidentiel n° 16-201 du 16 juillet 2016 relatif aux règles se rapportant à l’organisation du Conseil constitutionnel.

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Loi

Loi n° 08-19 du 15 novembre 2008 portant révision constitutionnelle. -

Adoption: 2008-11-15 | DZA-2008-L-80209

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Constitution

Constitution du 28 novembre 1996. -

Adoption: 1996-11-28 | DZA-1996-C-47310

Titre premier: Des princies généraux régissant la société algérienne
Titre II: Des droits fondamentaux, des libertés publiques et des devoirs
Titre III: e l'organisation et de la séparation des pouvoirs
Titre IV: Des institutions de contrôle
Titre V: Des organes consultatifs
Titre VI: de la révision constitutionnelle

Disponible dans sa teneur modifiée par le référendum du 1er novembre 2020.

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Règlement, Décret, Arrêté, Ordonnance

Décret présidentiel no 96-304 du 17 septembre 1996 relatif à la publication de la Plate-forme de l'entente nationale. -

Adoption: 1996-09-17 | DZA-1996-R-45203

Sont réaffirmés, en préambule, les principes cadres du pluralisme politique, du respect de la Constitution et des droits de l'Homme. Syndicats et organisations patronales font partie de cette plate-forme ainsi que les associations de jeunes et de femmes.

Algérie - Droit constitutionnel - Autres textes (circulaire, directive, instruction, etc.)

La Charte nationale. -

Adoption: 1986-02-09 | DZA-1986-M-2043

La nouvelle Charte nationale, promulguée le 16 février 1986, possède un caractère constitutionnel. Elle fait suite à plusieurs textes fondamentaux adoptés depuis le début de la révolution algérienne, notamment à la première Charte de 1976, qu'elle vise à compléter et à enrichir. A l'instar de la précédente, la Charte de 1986 est conçue comme une déclaration de principes générale, plutôt que comme un texte établissant des droits et obligations détaillés. De longs développements sont consacrés, en Avant-propos, aux fondements historiques de la société algérienne, puis aux références idéologiques que sont l'Islam et le socialisme (Titre 1er). Les institutions nationales, soit le parti, l'Etat, et les mécanismes de contrôle font l'objet du Titre 2e, tandis que le 3e Titre traite du développement global (organisation de l'économie, développement rural, industriel, culturel et social, aménagement du territoire). Au sein de cette dernière partie, les principes de base relatifs au travail, à l'emploi et aux salaires, à la protection sociale et à la formation sont définis. Aux termes de la Charte, le travail est non seulement un droit, mais aussi un devoir; le parasitisme et l'oisiveté doivent être radicalement abolis. La politique salariale repose sur la notion d'un salaire minimum garanti; une harmonisation des salaires sera mise en oeuvre par le biais d'une classification à l'échelle nationale. La Charte se prononce en faveur du travail des femmes, qui doit s'accompagner de règles strictes destinées à assurer la protection de la maternité et à garantir la cohésion de la famille. Elle prévoit également l'encouragement aux petites et moyennes entreprises, publiques et privées. La Charte de 1986 a été adoptée par referendum (10.508.863 voix pour, 181.063 contre) le 16 janv. 1986.