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United States - Types of employment contracts
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- Civil Rights Act [CRA] of 1964 (Title VII), as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009 and Public Law 112-55 of November 2011, 42 U.S.C.A. secs. 2000e to 2000e-17
Date: 18 Nov 2011; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- National Labor Relations Act of 1935 [NLRA], as amended through April 18, 1990, 29 U.S.C. secs. 151-169
Date: 18 Apr 1990; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act [WARN] of 1988, as amended up to Public Law 105-277 of 21 October 1998, 29 U.S.C secs. 2101 to 2109
Date: 21 Oct 1998; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 [ADEA] as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 29 U.S.C secs. 621-634
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [ADA], as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C. secs. 12101 to 12213
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 [SOX], Title VII Corporate and Criminal Fraud and accountability [sec. 806], Public Law 107-204, last amended by Public law 111-203 of 21 July 2010, 18 U.S.C. Section 1514A
Date: 21 Jul 2010; view website »
- Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 [FMLA], as amended through December 2009, 29 U.S.C. secs. 2611-2654
Date: 21 Dec 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 [OSHA], as amended through January 2004, 29 U.S.C. secs. 651-678
Date: Jan 2004; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 21 May 2008 (GINA), 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000ff to 2000ff-11 (in force since 21 November 2009)
Date: 21 May 2008; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Jury System Improvements Act of 1978 (JSIA), Pub. L. 95-572, as amended by Public Law 110-406 of 13 October 2008, 28 U.S.C. sec. 1861 et seq.
Date: 13 Oct 2008; view website »
Maximum probationary (trial) period: no limitation
Remarks: - Employees who are represented by a union are generally covered by a collective- bargaining agreement that contains a provision defining the probationary period (often between 30 and 90 days).
Fixed term contract (FTC):
- Valid reasons for FTC use:
Remarks: - Employees represented by a union are usually covered by a collective-bargaining agreement that may have provisions constraining the employer's use of part-time or temporary employees. However, such provisions do not appear in all collective-bargaining agreements.
- Maximum number of successive FTCs: no limitation
- Maximum cumulative duration of successive FTCs: no limitation
- % of workforce under FTC: 4.2 %
Remarks: - OECD statistics - Incidence of permanent employment, data for 2005 based on the following definition of temporary worker: The estimate includes, on the one hand, all the wage and salary workers who do not expect their employment to last, except for those who, for personal reasons, expect to leave jobs that they would otherwise be able to keep. The data includes temporary help and contract company workers. This estimate also includes self-employed and independent contractors who work for one firm at a time and expect this arrangement to last for 1 year or less.
Notes / Remarks There is no federal legislation distinguishing between different kinds of employment contracts (including in regard to termination of employment). In general, the term of an employment contract is decided by the parties to the contract.
+ show references
- Civil Rights Act [CRA] of 1964 (Title VII), as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C.A. secs. 2000e to 2000e-17
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- National Labor Relations Act of 1935 [NLRA], as amended through April 18, 1990, 29 U.S.C. secs. 151-169
Date: 18 Apr 1990; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN) of 1988, as amended up to Public Law 105-277 of 21 October 1998, 29 U.S.C secs. 2101 to 2109
Date: 21 Oct 1998; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 [ADEA] as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 29 U.S.C secs. 621-634
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [ADA], as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C. secs. 12101 to 12213
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 [SOX], Title VII Corporate and Criminal Fraud and accountability [sec. 806], Public Law 107-204, last amended by Public law 111-203 of 21 July 2010, 18 U.S.C. Section 1514A
Date: 21 Jul 2010; view website »
- Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), as amended through December 2009, 29 U.S.C. secs. 2611-2654
Date: 21 Dec 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 (OSHA), as amended through January 2004, 29 U.S.C. secs. 651-678
Date: Jan 2004; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA), 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000ff to 2000ff-11
Date: 03 Jan 2008; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Jury System Improvements Act of 1978 (JSIA), Pub. L. 95-572, as amended by Public Law 110-406 of 13 October 2008, 28 U.S.C. sec. 1861 et seq.
Date: 13 Oct 2008; view website »
Maximum probationary (trial) period: no limitation
Remarks: - Employees who are represented by a union are generally covered by a collective- bargaining agreement that contains a provision defining the probationary period (often between 30 and 90 days).
Fixed term contract (FTC):
- Valid reasons for FTC use:
Remarks: - Employees represented by a union are usually covered by a collective-bargaining agreement that may have provisions constraining the employer's use of part-time or temporary employees. However, such provisions do not appear in all collective-bargaining agreements.
- Maximum number of successive FTCs: no limitation
- Maximum cumulative duration of successive FTCs: no limitation
- % of workforce under FTC: 4.2 %
Remarks: - OECD statistics - Incidence of permanent employment, data for 2005 based on the following definition of temporary worker: The estimate includes, on the one hand, all the wage and salary workers who do not expect their employment to last, except for those who, for personal reasons, expect to leave jobs that they would otherwise be able to keep. The data includes temporary help and contract company workers. This estimate also includes self-employed and independent contractors who work for one firm at a time and expect this arrangement to last for 1 year or less.
Notes / Remarks There is no federal legislation distinguishing between different kinds of employment contracts (including in regard to termination of employment). In general, the term of an employment contract is decided by the parties to the contract.
+ show references
- Civil Rights Act [CRA] of 1964 (Title VII), as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C.A. secs. 2000e to 2000e-17
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- National Labor Relations Act of 1935 [NLRA], as amended through April 18, 1990, 29 U.S.C. secs. 151-169
Date: 18 Apr 1990; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN) of 1988, as amended up to Public Law 105-277 of 21 October 1998, 29 U.S.C secs. 2101 to 2109
Date: 21 Oct 1998; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 [ADEA] as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 29 U.S.C secs. 621-634
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [ADA], as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C. secs. 12101 to 12213
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 [SOX], Title VII Corporate and Criminal Fraud and accountability [sec. 806], Public Law 107-204, last amended by Public law 111-203 of 21 July 2010, 18 U.S.C. Section 1514A
Date: 21 Jul 2010; view website »
- Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), as amended through December 2009, 29 U.S.C. secs. 2611-2654
Date: 21 Dec 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 (OSHA), as amended through January 2004, 29 U.S.C. secs. 651-678
Date: Jan 2004; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 21 May 2008 (GINA), 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000ff to 2000ff-11 (Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 21 May 2008 (GINA), 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000ff to 2000ff-11 (in force since 21 November 2009)
Date: 21 May 2008; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Jury System Improvements Act of 1978 (JSIA), Pub. L. 95-572, as amended by Public Law 110-406 of 13 October 2008, 28 U.S.C. sec. 1861 et seq.
Date: 13 Oct 2008; view website »
Maximum probationary (trial) period: no limitation
Remarks: - Employees who are represented by a union are generally covered by a collective- bargaining agreement that contains a provision defining the probationary period (often between 30 and 90 days).
Fixed term contract (FTC):
- Valid reasons for FTC use:
Remarks: - Employees represented by a union are usually covered by a collective-bargaining agreement that may have provisions constraining the employer's use of part-time or temporary employees. However, such provisions do not appear in all collective-bargaining agreements.
- Maximum number of successive FTCs: no limitation
- Maximum cumulative duration of successive FTCs: no limitation
- % of workforce under FTC: 4.2 %
Remarks: - OECD statistics - Incidence of permanent employment, data for 2005 based on the following definition of temporary worker: The estimate includes, on the one hand, all the wage and salary workers who do not expect their employment to last, except for those who, for personal reasons, expect to leave jobs that they would otherwise be able to keep. The data includes temporary help and contract company workers. This estimate also includes self-employed and independent contractors who work for one firm at a time and expect this arrangement to last for 1 year or less.
Notes / Remarks There is no federal legislation distinguishing between different kinds of employment contracts (including in regard to termination of employment). In general, the term of an employment contract is decided by the parties to the contract.
+ show references
- Civil Rights Act [CRA] of 1964 (Title VII), as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C.A. secs. 2000e to 2000e-17
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- National Labor Relations Act of 1935 [NLRA], as amended through April 18, 1990, 29 U.S.C. secs. 151-169
Date: 18 Apr 1990; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN) of 1988, as amended up to Public Law 105-277 of 21 October 1998, 29 U.S.C secs. 2101 to 2109
Date: 21 Oct 1998; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 [ADEA] as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 29 U.S.C secs. 621-634
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [ADA], as last amended by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act 2009, 42 U.S.C. secs. 12101 to 12213
Date: 29 Jan 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 [SOX], Title VII Corporate and Criminal Fraud and accountability [sec. 806], Public Law 107-204, 18 U.S.C. Section 1514A
Date: 30 Jul 2002; view website »
- Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), as amended through December 2009, 29 U.S.C. secs. 2611-2654
Date: 21 Dec 2009; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970 (OSHA), as amended through January 2004, 29 U.S.C. secs. 651-678
Date: Jan 2004; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 21 May 2008 (GINA), 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000ff to 2000ff-11 (in force since 21 November 2009)
Date: 03 Jan 2008; view website » (view in NATLEX »)
- The Jury System Improvements Act of 1978 (JSIA), Pub. L. 95-572, as amended by Public Law 110-406 of 13 October 2008, 28 U.S.C. sec. 1861 et seq.
Date: 13 Oct 2008; view website »
Maximum probationary (trial) period: no limitation
Remarks: - Employees who are represented by a union are generally covered by a collective- bargaining agreement that contains a provision defining the probationary period (often between 30 and 90 days).
Fixed term contract (FTC):
- Valid reasons for FTC use:
Remarks: - Employees represented by a union are usually covered by a collective-bargaining agreement that may have provisions constraining the employer's use of part-time or temporary employees. However, such provisions do not appear in all collective-bargaining agreements.
- Maximum number of successive FTCs: no limitation
- Maximum cumulative duration of successive FTCs: no limitation
- % of workforce under FTC: 4.2 %
Remarks: - OECD statistics - Incidence of permanent employment, data for 2005 based on the following definition of temporary worker: The estimate includes, on the one hand, all the wage and salary workers who do not expect their employment to last, except for those who, for personal reasons, expect to leave jobs that they would otherwise be able to keep. The data includes temporary help and contract company workers. This estimate also includes self-employed and independent contractors who work for one firm at a time and expect this arrangement to last for 1 year or less.
Notes / Remarks There is no federal legislation distinguishing between different kinds of employment contracts (including in regard to termination of employment). In general, the term of an employment contract is decided by the parties to the contract.
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