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1984

CIS 85-647 Hanke W., Sepulveda M.J., Watson A., Jankovic J.
Respiratory morbidity in wollastonite workers
Medical tests (chest radiography, spirometry and a questionnaire) and environmental surveys (respirable and total dust concentrations in personal breathing samples) were conducted in a wollastonite mine and mill on 108 workers, in 1976 and 1982, as well as on 86 controls working in an electronic plant. Chronic respiratory symptoms were affected by smoking, but no relation to wollastonite exposure was found. Pneumoconiosis was found in 3 of the exposed workers, with no progression between 1976 and 1982. Long-term exposure to wollastonite was significantly related to declines in pulmonary function, particularly in the FEV₁/FVC ratio and the peak flow rate. Within the exposed group, those with exposure to higher dust concentrations were more severely affected.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov.1984, Vol.41, No.4, p.474-479. 24 ref.

CIS 85-646 Ruckley V.A., Fernie J.M., Chapman J.S., Collings P., Davis J.M.G., Douglas A.N., Lamb D., Seaton A.
Comparison of radiographic appearances with associated pathology and lung dust content in a group of coalworkers
The pathology and dust content of lungs from 261 coalminers in relation to appearances of their chest radiographs taken within 4 years of death were examined. Opacities were more profuse when more dust was retained in the lungs (the relation was more with ash retention in miners of low-rank coal, and with both ash and coal dust in miners of high-rank coal). The fine p type of opacity was associated with more dust, with a higher proportion of coal, and with emphysema. Nodular r opacity was more associated with ash. Pathologically, larger fibrotic lesions were likely to be present as r opacities, fine reticular dust deposition was likely to be present as p opacities, with q opacities showing a mixture of appearances. The major conclusion is that r type lesions on a radiograph of a miner of low-rank coal indicates the possibility of a silicotic lesion.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1984, Vol.41, No.4, p.459-467. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 85-645 Boyd J.E., Collings P., Crofton P.M., Blundell G., Davis J.M.G.
Alpha₁ antitrypsin and lung function in British coalminers
Alpha₁ antitrypsin (α₁AT) serum concentration was determined for 141 coalminers with particularly low levels of lung function, not thought to be explicable in terms of age or dust exposure, and compared with 169 coalminers with average and 170 coalminers with above-average lung function. Mean α₁AT serum concentration in the first group was significantly higher (3.29g/L as against 2.93g/L and 2.96g/L in the other 2 groups), even in non-smokers. This suggests that the increased likelihood of the development of emphysema among miners with decreased lung function is not due to a lowering of α₁AT serum concentration. The presence of pneumoconiosis and smoking did not influence the results.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1984, Vol.41, No.4, p.455-458. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 85-809 Watson A.P., White C.L.
Workplace injury experience of female coal miners in the United States
The 1978-1980 accident statistics for female coal miners collected by the Mine Safety and Health Administration indicated that 4% were involved in a lost-time accident as compared to 7% for male workers. Female workers lost about 1.1 days each as compared to 2.4 for males. Fatalities were 0.01% for female workers and 0.05% for male workers. Most injuries to both female and male workers involved back sprains.
Archives of Environmental Health, July/Aug. 1984, Vol.39, No.4, p.284-293. 20 ref.

CIS 85-806 Long D.A.
Off-highway haulage truck maintenance safety
Data on accidents involving the maintenance of haulage trucks used in surface mining were analysed to quantify the safety hazard in terms of job activities, truck components and systems, tools involved and truck design. Lack of safety awareness, an inability to judge the job requirements, poor access to working spaces forcing employees to take unsafe positions, poor housekeeping and equipment condition and the wrong choices of tools or the lack of proper tools contribute significantly to these accidents. Recommendations are presented for accident reduction.
Professional Safety, July 1984, Vol.29, No.7, p.28-32. Illus.

CIS 85-344 Armstrong B.K., Musk A.W., Baker J.E., Hunt J.M., Newall C.C., Henzell H.R., Blunsdon B.S., Clarke-Hundley M.D., Woodward S.D., Hobbs M.S.T.
Epidemiology of malignant mesothelioma in Western Australia
70% of 138 patients diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma in Western Australia between 1960 and 1982 had had definite or probable exposure to asbestos (mostly crocidolite). 56 of these patients had worked at the asbestos mine or mill in Wittenoom, as had 3 of the 4 patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.
Medical Journal of Australia, 21 July 1984, Vol.141, No.2, p.86-88. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 85-389 Edlin D.W., Crawford N.P., Dodgson J.
Radon and thoron daughter working levels in British coalmines
Shift-average radon and thoron daughter working levels at 11 British coal mines were in the range 0.6-31.4mWL (milli-working levels) for radon and 0.5-9.4mWL for thoron daughters. These values are much lower than the 300mWL limit applied in uranium mines. The activity level correlated with the ventilation distance from the pit bottom to the sampling site. The results suggest that activity levels in British coal mines are unlikely to exceed the probable action limit for radon and thoron daughters defined in a Euratom directive (30-40mWL).
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1984, Vol.28, No.3, p.315-320. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 85-202
(Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften)
Quarries, open-cast mines and spoil-heap recovery works
Steinbrüche, Gräbereien und Haldenabtragungen [en alemán]
These regulations specify the measures necessary to prevent the hazards connected with soil pressure and accidental ground movements in quarries, open-cast mines, claypits and similar works, as well as in spoil-heap recovery works. General measures include proper planning of operations, benching, layout of haulage ways, overburden removal. Special measures relate to wall height and to slopes in various types of operations. Measures concerning operations include the prohibition of work in isolation, cave-ins, the removal of loose rock from walls, work at the foot of or inside walls, the risk of falling rocks, the monitoring of cracks and protection against flying debris. Enforcement rules and comments are given in the supplement.
Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Gereonstrasse 18-32, 5000 Köln 1, Federal Republic of Germany, 1 Oct. 1984, 10+12p. Illus. Price: DM.1.60.

CIS 85-159 Samet J.M., Young R.A., Morgan M.V., Humble C.G., Epler G.R., McLoud T.C.
Prevalence survey of respiratory abnormalities in New Mexico uranium miners
The survey was conducted on 192 long-term uranium miners with >10 years experience. Survey procedures included spirometry, completion of a respiratory symptoms questionnaire, physical examination and interpretation of available chest x-rays. Total duration of underground uranium mining was used as the exposure index. Only dyspnoea was found to increase with duration of mining work. Opacities predominantly nodular and compatible with silicosis were detected in 12 of 143 workers with x-rays available for interpretation.
Health Physics, Feb. 1984, Vol.46, No.2, p.361-370. Bibl.

CIS 85-252 Bromberg J.
Some eye-openers about eye trauma
Approximately 5% of work-related injuries in California during 1980 involved the eyes. Eye injuries were 3% of total injuries among employees in finance, insurance and real estate and 8% for the construction industry. The highest eye injury rate occurred in mining. The nature and source of injuries and the types of accidents which cause them are described. The major elements and objectives of a prevention programme are outlined.
National Safety News, May 1984, Vol.129, No.5, p.47-49. 4 ref. Bibl.

CIS 85-200 Graumann K., Gastberg I.
Ventilation of the working face during mechanised part-face driving
Bewetterung des Ortsbereichs in Teilschnittmaschinen-Vortrieben [en alemán]
Results of and conclusions from tests of ventilation conditions in 129 mechanised driving sites: face ventilation during cutting, free-jet face ventilation from a main ventilation line or from an auxiliary line, ventilation of the working area during cutting, ventilation of the overlap area between the auxiliary ventilation and the dust collectors. Empirical relations allow the calculation of distances and the speed at the air outlet in such a way that air speed at the working face does not drop below a certain level. New devices (such as a diaphragm to regulate the opening of the air outlet) that enable higher air speeds and more favourable climatic conditions to be obtained without interfering with dust collection.
Glückauf, 1984, Vol.120, No.15, p.967-976. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 85-79 Voss J.
Influence of air volume on the climate of mineworkings
Einfluss der Wettermenge auf das Grubenklima im Abbau [en alemán]
The temperature of mineworkings is calculated with the help of a computer programme. Factors considered include air circulation and thermal characteristics. Particularly important is the influence of air circulation at the working face on the effective temperature. Heat absorption by ventilation and cooling capacity are also considered.
Glückauf, 1984, Vol.120, No.20, p.1318-1323. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 85-199 van Vuuren P.J.J.
Combined steel-tube/round timber props in South African gold mines
Stahlrohr-Holzstempel im Abbau südafrikanischer Golderzbergwerke [en alemán]
After a few words on extraction methods in mines, on the behaviour of the ground around the winning area, and on traditional support methods in South African mines, the article describes a new prop which consists of a round timber encased within a steel tube, with the timber projecting beyond the tube a maximum of 10cm at both ends. This prop is particularly useful at the working face. Economic aspects, advantages and disadvantages of the prop are compared with the timber sets normally used.
Glückauf, 1984, Vol.120, No.14, p.894-897. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 85-198 Prevention of falls through openings in mines
Falls through mill holes, ore passes, ladderways, box holes and shafts are some of the leading causes of fatalities and serious injuries to workers in mines. This data sheet describes the use and maintenance of grizzlies, sollars and ladderways, and appropriate training, as means of preventing such accidents. Contents: guarding vertical openings; safety belts; ladders; raising.
National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, 1984. 4p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-197 Safe operation of rocker-type loading machines in mines
Contents of this data sheet: hazards; work site preparation; operating rules; guarding air hoses; derailment hazards; capsising; personal protective equipment.
National Safety Council, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, 1984. 6p. Illus.

CIS 85-196
U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration
Wire rope standards
These final rules (effective date 24 Jan. 1984) revise existing safety standards for the selection, use, examination and retirement of wire ropes used at coal, metal and non-metal mines. They apply to ropes used to hoist persons in shafts and slopes at all underground mines and at incline hoists in surface mines. Existing standards are clarified and updated to reflect current mining practices and state-of-the-art technology. Record-keping and paperwork requirements are reduced where possible, and alternative methods of compliance are specified.
Federal Register, 30 Code of Federal Regulations Parts 55, 56, 57, 75 and 77, 25 Nov. 1983, Vol.48, No.228, p.53228-53242.

CIS 85-130 Macdonald E.B., Porter R., Hibbert C., Hart J.
The relationship between spinal canal diameter and back pain in coal miners. Ultrasonic measurement as a screening test?
A pulsed echo ultrasound method, which is safe and non-invasive, was used to measure the spinal canal diameter of 204 coal face workers aged 50-60 years. Colliery records of the causes of sickness absence and an interview were used to determine the experience of back pain. Men with the longest histories and the longest times off work and those who had to leave the coal face or who left the industry, those with the greatest morbidity, had significantly narrower canals. Further evaluation of ultrasonic measurement as a pre-employment screening test for back pain is proposed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Jan. 1984, Vol.26, No.1, p.23-28. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 85-39 Soutar C.A., Collins H.P.R.
Classification of progressive massive fibrosis of coalminers by type of radiographic appearance
The chest radiographic appearances of 112 coalminers with progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) were classified into 6 types based on the appearance of the large radiographic opacities. The most common type was that of one or more large shadows of homogeneous radiodensity. Good reproducibility by one reader between two readings was obtained. Controls had initial-stage simple pneumoconiosis but no PMF. Overall, miners with PMF were exposed to more mixed dust than were the controls. Exposure to quartz seems to have been another causative factor in the development of PMF.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1984, Vol.41, No.3, p.334-339. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 85-57 Taylor W., Wasserman D., Behrens V., Reynolds D., Samueloff S.
Effect of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. The limestone quarries of Bedford, Indiana, revisited
Among stonecutters in limestone quarries in Indiana (USA), 80% of a population of 30 had vibration-induced white finger (VWF) disease. VWF was attributed to the use of pneumatic percussive (air) hammers, whose design had not changed in 60 years. The measured vibration levels were 4859m/s² on the chisel, and 2010m/s² on the barrel, over a frequency range of 6.3-1000Hz; they exceeded the ISO recommended limits. A redesign of the pneumatic hammers is called for.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1984, Vol.41, No.3, p.289-295. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 84-2089 Legislative and regulatory texts: conditions of work, occupational safety and health; prevention of technical hazards, fire, environmental protection, list of safety equipment suppliers
Textes législatifs et réglementaires: conditions de travail, sécurité, hygiène; prévention des risques techniques, incendie, protection de l'environnement, répertoire des fournisseurs de la sécurité [en francés]
This special issue follows that of July-Aug. 1983 (CIS 83-2093). It provides a consolidation of OSH laws and regulations published in France between June 1983 and June 1984. The texts are grouped into: (A) Conditions of work, safety and health: occupational accidents, the workplace air, noise, OSH committees, lighting, training, institutions representing employees, rights of workers, occupational diseases, industrial medicne; (B) prevention of technical risks; agriculture, pressure vessels, construction, electricity, building site machinery, gas installations, lifting and handling, machines, radioactive substances, mines and quarries; ionising radiation, dangerous substances, aerial ropeways and cables, agricultural and forestry tractors; (c) fires; (D) protection of the environment; (E) measuring instruments, standardisation; safety equipment suppliers.
Revue de la sécurité, July-Aug. 1984, Vol.20, No.213, p.6-181. Illus.

CIS 84-1692 Robertson A., Dodgson J., Collings P., Seaton A.
Exposure to oxides of nitrogen: respiratory symptoms and lung function in British coalminers
Report on a long-term study of 560 British coalminers with relatively high or relatively low exposure to oxides of nitrogen. Exposure levels were normally well below TLVs (highest individual shift average measurements were 9.8ppm for nitric oxide and 2.3ppm for nitrogen dioxide). Peak exposure levels were occasionally above the short-term limits of 35ppm and 5ppm, respectively (after shotfiring or during diesel locomotive use). No significant relation was found between exposure and respiratory symptoms or decline in FEV₁, nor were differences found in respiratory symptoms or FEV₁ levels between 44 pairs of workers differing consistently only in exposure levels to oxides of nitrogen. No adverse affects on the health of British miners were detected that could be attributed to oxides of nitrogen.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1984, Vol.41, No.2, p.214-219. 21 ref.

CIS 84-1691 Ames R.G., Trent B.
Mobility of diesel versus non-diesel coal miners: some evidence on the healthy worker effect
An empirical study of the "survival bias" component of the healthy worker effect. The study examined the occupational mobility of 738 diesel and 420 non-diesel underground coal miners in the USA. No correlation was found between potentially harmful respiratory exposure and job mobility in miners with respiratory symptoms. The presence of diesel emissions and coal mine dust together did not result in additional increment in mobility either. Job mobility was correlated with social factors (higher in women, in the unmarried, in the young, in those with more education, in those with short tenure in the industry).
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1984, Vol.41, No.2, p.197-202. 22 ref.

CIS 84-1719 Blomquist G., Bäckman G.
Release of microorganisms during peat digging and handling
Emission av mikroorganismer i samband med brytning och hantering av torv [en sueco]
This study of exposure to microorganisms during peat digging covers: economic data on the peat bogs of Röjnoret (Sweden); description of extraction, handling, and open-air drying methods; influence of weather conditions on digging and drying; composition, degree of humification and pH of peat; sampling and analytical methods; substances used for bacterium cultures; tables showing mould spore, bacteria and total dust content. The principal moulds present were of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 20p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 84-1525
(Comité technique national des industries des pierres et terres à feu, Caisse nationale de l'assurance maladie)
Maintenance in lime, cement, and concrete elements manufacturing plants, and with the mechanised extraction of sand and gravel
Interventions dans les entreprises de fabrication de chaux, de ciment, de produits en béton, et d'extraction mécanisée de sables et graviers [en francés]
Recommendations adopted 24 Nov. 1983, replacing those of 1979 (CIS 80-1764). Equipment set-up and dismantling, maintenance and repair are discussed. The appointment and role of a responsible person, the establishment and extension of restricted areas, the problem of maintenance and repair lasting through several shifts are examined. Comments.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1984, No.115, Note No.1482-115-84 (Recommendation No.237), p.229-231.

CIS 84-1251 Steinhauser P., Steinhauser S.
Investigation of the effects of vibration on the drivers of quarry vehicles
Untersuchung der Erschütterungseinwirkung auf die Fahrer von Steinbruchfahrzeugen [en alemán]
Vibration was measured in several vehicles (bucket loader, wheeled loader, crawler dozer, crawler, excavator) and compared with the limit values prescribed by various standards for the prevention of fatigue. The limit values were frequently exceeded; vibration levels depended to a large extent on the speed of the vehicles. Drivers regulated their speed to keep vibration at tolerable levels. Limit values should be set at more realistic levels.
ÖIAZ, 1984, Vol.129, No.3, p.95-101. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 84-939 Pelloni A.
Prevention of silicosis during stone work
La prévention de la silicose lors du travail de la pierre [en francés]
Most rocks worked in Switzerland contain silica; therefore it is necessary to avoid dust propagation during stone work. This publication provides the text of Swiss regulations relating to silicosis prevention, and describes the preventive measures to be taken during the cutting and processing of stone. Depending on the type of work, dust can be eliminated by spraying with water or by exhaust ventilation at the source.
Cahiers suisses de la sécurité du travail, Caisse nationale suisse d'assurance en cas d'accidents, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Mar. 1984. 12p. Illus.

CIS 84-931 King A.M.
The Gravimetric Dust Monitor - a new instrument which provides integral assessment of multiple shift-length respirable dust samples
A new sampler for respirable dust, designed as an alternative to the MRE 113A instrument used in British coal mines, is described. Its purpose is to collect shift-length samples, using integral mass assessment by β-absorption. It collects samples cumulatively at a flow-rate of 0.625l/min, with mass assessment at the end of each shift sampled. Control of sampling, measurement and storage of data are done using a microprocessor. The sampler is portable, self-contained, easily maintained and operable on either battery or external power. A flow-chart is shown and the accuracy of the β-absorption method is calculated.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1984, Vol.28, No.1, p.107-115. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 84-930 Ford V.H.W., Hole B.J.
Air curtains for reducing exposure of heading machine operators to dust in coal-mines
Machine mounted canopy air curtains and air-curtain tube systems, suggested as alternatives to traditional ventilation systems in British mines, are described in this article. Underground tests show that both are particularly useful in protecting heading-machine operators from respirable dust, reducing dust exposure during cutting operations by between 50% and 70%. The exposure reduction during a complete shift for an operator, when using canopy air curtains, was 22%. The advantages of using the 2 systems are listed.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1984, Vol.28, No.1, p.93-106. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 84-1112 The Tremonia experimental mine at Dortmund - Annual report for 1983
Tätigkeitsbericht der Versuchsgrubengesellschaft mbH, Versuchsgrube Tremonia in Dortmund, Jahresbericht 1983 [en alemán]
Report of research on the identification and evaluation of accident hazards in mines. Aspects covered: explosions and blasting (explosion-proof structures and installations for ventilation, water barriers, triggered barriers, flame detectors, effects of blasting); mine fires (behaviour of belt conveyors in fires, fire control); shaft-winding and other machinery; noise propagation as a function of roadway geometry; measurement and detection for safety and for research; acquisition and electronic processing of data. In annexes: documentation, publications and reports produced during the year; cooperation with German and foreign institutions; maps showing the location and layout of the mine.
Versuchsgrubengesellschaft mbH, Tremoniastrasse 13, 4600 Dortmund 1, Federal Republic of Germany, Apr. 1984. 85p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 84-1044 Bertrand J.P., Wantz J.M., Heintz P., Zitter M.
Pathologic conditions related to the use of isocyanates in Lorraine coal mines
Pathologie liée à l'utilisation des isocyanates dans les mines de charbon de Lorraine [en francés]
Diisocyanates of the type 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), used to consolidate brittle ground, cause acute skin contact problems, particularly in the upper part of the body, with frequent involvement of the eyes. Asthma-like respiratory problems also occur, accompanied by an obstructive syndrome or by alveolocapillary exchange impairment. An immunological mechanism is involved. An epidemiologic survey showed no evidence of significant differences between exposed and unexposed miners, or between affected workers and controls, as far as average vital capacity values, FEV₁ values and the FEV₁/VC ratio are considered. With the increasing use of polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins, it is recommended that occupational health services extend their preventive measures.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1984, Vol.45, no.1, p.3-9. 16 ref.

CIS 83-2025 Workers' health in mines other than coal mines, with special reference to the effects of the working environment and technical changes. Fourth tripartite technical meeting for mines other than coal mines
La santé des travailleurs dans les mines autres que les mines de charbon et, tout particulièrement, les effets du milieu de travail dans les changements technologiques. Quatrième réunion tripartite pour les mines autres que les mines de charbon [en francés]
Chapter I sets forth general considerations on recent advances in methods of mining non-coal minerals, special attention being paid to the increasing application of mechanisation and automation, and an attempt is made to analyse its repercussions on the miners' health. The main hazards reviewed in chapter II are classified in 4 categories: pollution of the working environment by dust, noise, vibration, ionising radiation and chemical agents; infectious agents; lighting and visual fatigue related to VDUs; psychosocial factors related to work organisation (stress, shift work, night work). Chapter III considers the major occupational diseases (pneumoconiosis, poisoning, deafness, vibration disease, infections, cancer, general morbidity and sickness-absenteeism). Chapter IV deals with methods of health protection: monitoring of working environment, medical supervision, biological monitoring. The last chapter is devoted to various aspects of international cooperation and in particular to the activities of the ILO in this field.
Report III, Programme of Industrial Activities, International Labour Organisation, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1984. 61p. Price: SF.15.00.

1983

CIS 88-18 Quarries and Tunnels Act and the Quarries Regulations [New Zealand]
The Quarries and Tunnels Act (1982, No.18) became effective on 1 Apr. 1983. Contents: inspectors; certificates of competency; responsibilities of management; safety in quarries and in tunnelling work; investigation of accidents; offences. The Quarries Regulations (1983) deal with details outlined in the Act, in particular with welfare facilities and the use of explosives.
Ministry of Energy, Wellington, New Zealand, 1982 and 1983. 44p. + 26p. Price: NZD 1.95 + NZD 1.35.

CIS 86-1 Peay J.M.
Back injuries
Titles of the papers presented at US Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Symposia in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (9 Aug. 1983) and Reno, Nevada (15 Aug. 1983), USA: materials handing methods and problems in underground coal mines; activities and objects most commonly associated with underground coal miners' back injuries; analysis of coal mining back injury statistics; two back risks in mining - lifting and pushing and puling; field testing of workers involved in materials handling; lifting capacity determination; job design for manual materials handling tasks; back injuries and maintenance materials handling in low-seam coal mines; training procedures to reduce low back injuries; a manual materials handling (MMH) training programme for the mining industry; mechanisation of materials handling tasks.
US Bureau of Mines, Branch of Publications Distribution, 4800 Forges Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, 1983. 110p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 86-295 Proceedings: International Symposium on Crisis Management - Mine fires, explosions and other emergencies
Proceedings of a symposium organised by the federal department of energy, mines and resources, Labour Canada, the Nova Scotia department of mines and energy and the Cape Breton Development Corporation and held in Sidney, Nova Scotia, Canada, 19-21 Oct. 1982. Aspects covered: crisis management preparation; description of a mine rescue service with case study of the 1979 Appin colliery disaster; main aspects of the methods and organisation of disaster response in France; Polish experience in post-explosion action and investigation; survival plan for hard rock metal mines; mine crisis management and inspectorate involvement in the United Kingdom; research products for improved response to mine emergencies; usefulness of experience from emergency situations and exercises for the work of mine rescue teams; emergency response management in a remote location.
Nova Scotia Department of Mines and Energy, Sidney, Nova Scotia, Canada, 1983. 262p. Illus.

CIS 85-1560 Kupka J., Görner P., Bobro K., Weiss K.
Objective criteria for evaluating dust hazards
Objektívne kriteria hodnotenia rizika z prašnosti [en eslovaco]
In the given system for evaluating dust hazards in ore mines, risk is evaluated in terms of the dose of inhaled dust and the so-called specific harmfulness of dust. The probability of pneumoconiosis is defined as the ratio of the number of patients to the total number of examined persons, expressed as a percentage. Methods and time tables for measurement in workplaces, the division of workplaces according to potential dust nuisance with a view to work operations and mode of ventilation, methods for recording measurement results and the evaluation of the risk in a computing centre are described.
Rudy, 1983, Vol.31, No.4, p.113-115. 2 ref.

CIS 85-1222 Ščuckij V.M., Prudnikov V.S., Gajdašev V.I.
Improved protective circuit breaker for mine electrical systems
Soveršenstvovanie apparatury zaščitnogo otključenija šahtnyh ėlektričeskih setej [en ruso]
Description of 3 variants of a solid-state device which: monitors the resistance of the insulation of the feed cable (in the de-energised state) and of the downstream circuit (live); shuts off the downstream circuit in the event of a sudden current drain (such as contact of a person with a conductor); limits the fault current to safe levels by sensing its capacitative component; monitors its own integrity; monitors the thermal state of portable transformer substations. The device operates at 380 and 660V. It can function in cold, temperate or tropical climates, and is available in explosion-proof construction. The schematic diagram and operating characteristics of the device are given.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, Dec. 1983, No.12, p.28-30. Illus.

CIS 85-949 Marple V.A., Liu B.Y.H.
Aerosols in the mining and industrial work environments: Volume 2: Characterization; Volume 3: Instrumentation
Proceedings in 3 volumes of a symposium held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, Nov. 1-6, 1981, Volume 1 has been abstracted under CIS 84-1536. Volume 2 covers all aspects of the characterisation of dust in coal and uranium mines and in industries (glass, foundries, grain terminals), and of asbestos fibres. Volume 3 covers instrumentation related to the identification and measurement of aerosols (optical and inertial devices, gravimetric instruments, electrical analysers, etc.).
Ann Arbor Science Publishers, 230 Collingwood, P.O. Box 1425, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA, 1983. Vol.2: 270p. Illus. Bibl.; Vol.3: 558p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-1085 Il'inskij Ė.G., Kogan Ju.A., Mazanenko V.P.
Helmet for protection from gas and dust
Kaska GPK dlja zaščity ot gaza i pyli [en ruso]
Brief illustrated description of a new air-fed helmet for mines. The helmet, which weighs a maximum of 1.2kg when fully fitted out, is supplied from the compressed-air network of the mine.
Ugol' Ukrainy, Aug. 1983, No.8, p.44. Illus.

CIS 85-693 Edling C.
Lung cancer and radon daughter exposure in mines and dwellings
This M.D. thesis is based on the 5 studies: lung cancer and smoking in a group of iron ore miners; quantitative aspects of radon daughter exposure and lung cancer in underground miners; effects of low-dose radiation - a correlation study; lung cancer and residency - a case-referent study on the possible impact of exposure to radon and its daughters in dwellings; radon in homes - a possible cause of lung cancer. Two case-referent studies are reported involving miners with occupational exposure to radon and radon daughters. Radiation appears to be important for the initiation of lung cancer, and smoking appears to act as a promoter. In mines, exposure to radon and its daughters is associated with a substantial risk for lung cancer complicated by smoking.
Department of Occupational Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden, 1983. 149p. Illus. Bibl.

CIS 85-814 Wagner W.L., Rom W.N., Merchant J.A.
Health issues related to metal and nonmetallic mining
The 31 papers presented at the Fourth Annual Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health Conference (7-9 April 1982, Park City, Utah, USA) are reproduced. Topics covered: mineralogy; toxicity of particulates, quartz, volcanic ash; toxic mechanisms of asbestos, fibres, mineral slags; mortality and morbidity studies (talc, asbestos, iron ore mining, metal mining, nickel mining, vermiculite, trona, kaolin); diesel exhaust, lung cancer, underground mining, respiratory health; oil shale mining; worker health and pulmonary function.
The Butterworth Group, Borough Green, Sevenoaks, Kent, TN15 8PH, United Kingdom, 1983. 517p. Illus. Bibl. Price: £52.50.

CIS 85-812 Safety in the use and maintenance of large mobile surface mining equipment
The papers presented at Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminars (Aug. 1983, Tucson, Denver, St. Louis, USA) are reproduced. Topics covered: getting on and off large surface mining equipment; radio wave-transponder collision protection system; truck design concepts; operator alertness studies; operator restraint device research; off-highway haulage truck maintenance safety; perforamance-based training for mobile equipment operators; stability indicators for front-end loaders; bulldozer noise control; improved haul-road berm design.
U.S. Bureau of Mines, Branch of Publications Distribution, 4800 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh PA 15213, USA, 1983. 97p. Illus.

CIS 85-810 Artemenko A.A., Paršin Ja.D., Zajcev S.I.
Emergency protection of underground workers from combustion products of explosives
Avarijnoe ukrytie podzemnyh rabočih ot produktov gorenija VV [en ruso]
Accidental burning of detonation of explosives, and sometimes even the collection in one place of a large volume of explosive, can raise the concentration of harmful substances in mine air above levels that can be handled by the normal ventilation system of the mine. It is proposed to deal with such cases with a portable bulkhead to seal off the source of the fumes. The bulkhead has a door covered by rubberised fabric strips, and an air inlet tube with a diffuser at the end. Air is supplied to the tube from the compressed air system of the mine. Equations for determining the dimensions and air requirements of the equipment are given, together with sample calculations.
Gornyj žurnal, June 1983, No.6, p.57-59. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 85-640 Lutaj A.V.
Clinical and radiological characteristics of dust pathology and their interpretation in tin miners in the Far East
Kliniko-rentgenologičeskaja harakteristika pylevoj patologii u gornorabočih olovodobyvajuščih rudnikov Dal'nego Vostoka i ee interpretacija [en ruso]
Long-term study of 827 tin miners, 169 silicotic patients and 11 victims of chronic dust bronchitis. Prolonged exposure to tin mine dust, even at concentrations around the maximum allowable level, can produce stage-I interstitial silicosis and chronic dust bronchitis. More attention should be paid to dust control, especially during drilling. Maximum allowable concentrations should not be treated as reference levels for the average dust concentration, because long-term exposure to dust levels below but close to the MAC leads to hypertrophic and atrophic changes in the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Oct. 1983, No.10, p.22-25. 1 ref.

CIS 85-672 Mihedov N.A., Jazev V.L., Guzenfel'd Z.M.
Effect of the opacity of mine air on the level of illumination at the work site
Vlijanie neprozračnosti šahtnoj atmosfery na uroven' osveščennosti rabočih mest [en ruso]
Present methods of designing lighting systems for mines do not take adequate account of light attenuation by airborne dust. The Bouguer-Lambert law of light attenuation by a turbid medium can be developed to yield an equation relating the size, density and concentration of dust particles in air to the light level at a given distance from a source. The equation contains an empirical coefficient, B, which was evaluated by measurements in a coal mine. The experimental value agreed with a theoretical value arrived at by making a number of assumptions about the properties of the dust. Calculations with this value of B showed that the presence of 0.1g/m³ of dust with given properties would reduce the light level 1.5m from a 150-candle lamp from 6 to 4.4lx.
Ugol' Ukrainy, Feb. 1983, No.2, p.30. Illus.

CIS 85-783 Sorokina V.A., Kitaev V.P., Rjabčikova M.A., Belova L.I., Linder L.L.
Viniliskoža-T for protective clothing for miners in flooded mines
Viniliskoža-T dlja specodeždy šahterov obvodnennyh šaht [en ruso]
Viniliskoža-T is useful for the fabrication of protective clothing for miners who work in flooded mines, as it provides protection from the harmful effects of ground water and lubricating oil; it is resistant to heat (it can be dried at 40-50°C) and tearing. The coating of the material is a mixture of polyvinyl chloride and rubber with plasticisers and stabilisers. Besides having the previously mentioned properties, Viniliskoža-T is not harmed by repeated deformation. Garments can be assembled by high-frequency welding. The polymer mixture is applied to the cloth backing on a high-speed calendering line. After 30h exposure to mine water, samples of Viniliskoža-T showed tear strengths that were 81-83% of their initial values, and elongations that were 103-105% of their initial values, which illustrates the resistance of the material. Its technical characteristics are tabulated.
Koževenno-obuvnaja promyšlennost', Nov. 1983, No.11, p.19-20.

CIS 85-612 Zinčenko I.N., Topčienko B.I.
Analytic method for estimating the explosion hazard presented by mine air
Analitičeskij metod ocenki vzryvoopasnosti rudničnogo vozduha [en ruso]
The range of gas-air mixtures that pose explosion hazards in mines is defined by a triangle on a graph of gas concentration versus oxygen concentration. A given gas-air mixture is a point on this graph. By the method of analytic geometry, the distance of the point from the boundary of the triangle can be calculated. This distance provides an estimate of the danger presented by the given mixture. A method of performing the calculations on a programmable pocket calculator is shown.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, Oct. 1983, No.10, p.34-35. Illus.

CIS 85-620 Sytnikov M.E., Panin A.V., Korolev V.M.
Flameproof relay block IKU-2
Iskrobezopasnoe ėlektrokontaknoe ustrojstvo IKU-2 [en ruso]
Description with block diagram of a relay device for use with position detectors such as limit switches and brush contacts. The device receives a signal in the form of the resistance of the detector, compares the signal with a set point, and, for a resistance below the threshold determined by the set point, sends an amplified signal to an indicator. It can thus be used for remote verification that safety barriers are in place, that mine hoists have reached a given level, etc. Because it is sensitive to the resistance of the detector circuit, it can detect faults in the insulation of the wiring. All the components which present a possible spark hazard are enclosed in a flameproof case. The device has been field-tested in a coal mine.
Ugol' Ukrainy, Sep. 1983, No.9, p.27. Illus.

CIS 85-343 Fes'kov M.I., Dmitrienko N.N.
Fanless dust removal at transfer points on belt conveyors
Bezventiljatornyj pyleotsos na peregruzočnyh punktah lentočnyh konvejerov [en ruso]
Transfer points on belt conveyors are enclosed, and dust arising in the enclosure is collected by a water spray. The spray heads form a horizontal array across the whole width of the enclosure, and are directed against baffles which likewise extend all the way across the enclosure. This configuration ensures that the air within the enclosure circulates uniformly through the water spray. Entrained dust is continuously washed from the baffles into a collecting pan and piped away. The system consumes about 0.3L of water for every cubic metre of air moved (air speed ≤2.4m/s). In field trials, dust levels at a transfer point were reduced from 2500-3000mg/m to 8-9mg/m³. The system is especially suitable for ore enrichment and grinding/screening operations.
Gornyj žurnal, Jan. 1983, No.1, p.60-61. Illus.

CIS 85-507 Turovskij V.G.
Large-scale underground blasting in an aggressive environment
Massovye vzryvy v agressivnyh sredah na podzemnyh rabotah [en ruso]
In copper mines where the ore has a sulfur content of 35% or more and the ground water has a pH of 2-3.5, natural oxidation of the sulfur produces large quantities of sulfuric acid and heat, so that the environment becomes highly corrosive and the temperature of the ore body can reach 50°C; these conditions can produce spontaneous ignition of ammonium nitrate explosives. Washing out boreholes with slaked lime solutions and sealing collateral holes and cracks with clay eliminates acid conditions in the vicinity of the charge, and high ventilation rates (≥0.5m/s) prevent build-up of the ammonia liberated from the explosive. The period of contact of the explosive with the walls of the bore-hole must be limited to 12h. Thus, loading is done by one shift and detonation is carried out during the second. The suggested techniques enabled about 20 shots, with charges of 20-35t each, to be conducted safely in deposits with temperatures of 25-45°C.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, May 1983, No.5, p.17-18.

CIS 85-506 Rjasnoj V.M., Popovič S.P., Aleksandrov L.I., Morgunov E.G., Grafman M.I., Šul'ga M.N.
Improving working conditions in drilling with telescopic drills
Ulučšenie uslovij truda pri burenii teleskopnymi perforatorami [en ruso]
Description and diagrams of a combined sprayer-aspirator which can be attached directly to a telescopic pneumatic drill. The head of the device surrounds the drill at the mouth of the bore-hole. Continuous suction is applied to the head, while water is supplied only when the drill is actuated by a pulse of compressed air. The use of a valve which automatically supplies water to the head when the drill is turned on prevents dry drilling. The device fits holes with diameters of 32-85mm. It consumes 10L/min of water at the head; suction is provided by an ejector which consumes 8m³/min of air and 1.5-2L/min of water. In field trials, at drilling speeds of 0.3-0.75m/min, dust levels were reduced from 2.6-4.1mg/m³ to 1.9-2.2mg/m³ when the device was used.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, July 1983, No.7, p.37-38. Illus.

CIS 85-385 Radiation protection of workers in the mining and milling of radioactive ores
La radioprotection des travailleurs dans l'extraction et le traitement des minerais radioactifs [en francés]
This advisory code of practice and technical addendum consists of a set of recommendations for the guidance of authorities, professional groups, employers' and workers' organisations and those with responsibilities for radiation protection in the mining and milling of radioactive ores. Sections cover: general duties of employers and workers; notification, registration and licensing; age limit; limits for radiation exposure; administrative organisation of radiation protection; medical and hygiene surveillance; engineering and administrative protection measures (dust control, ventilation, radiation protection, respiratory protection, personal protective equipment, fixed working stations, personal hygiene, first aid, clean-up of spills, job rotation); planning of underground and open-pit or surface mining; radiation monitoring in uranium and thorium mines; medical control and supervision.
International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Wien, Austria, July 1983. 72p. Price: Sch.185.00.

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