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1992

CIS 94-306 Cooper W.C., Wong O., Trent L.S., Harris F.
An updated study of taconite miners and millers exposed to silica and non-asbestiform amphiboles
This is the second update (for a first update, see CIS 94-305) of a study of 3,444 taconite miners and millers who were first exposed to taconite, with associated exposures to silica and non-asbestiform amphiboles, from 1947 through 1958. Previous analyses of deaths through 1977, and again through 1983, showed no significant excess deaths from any specific causes. The present study continues the follow-up through 1988. The total number of deaths was significantly fewer than expected. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 83 and 91, based on US and Minnesota death rates, respectively. In no instance were there any patterns suggesting work exposures being associated with causes of death. The study, in which the minimum potential latency period was 30 years, provided no evidence for any association between low-level exposures to non-asbestiform amphibole particles or quartz with either lung cancer, non-malignant respiratory disease or any other specific cause.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Dec. 1992, Vol.34, No.12, p.1173-1180. 33 ref.

CIS 93-1830 Back injuries in the mining industry
Contents of this training manual aimed at miners: statistics on back injuries among miners; anatomy of the back; common back problems; causes and control of back injuries (use of excessive force, faulty equipment design, work practices, sudden movement); training of miners in manual materials handling; developing a safety programme for the prevention of back injuries.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1992. 23p. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 93-2031 Bennett S.C.
Noise control within the UK coalmining industry
Major issues relating to noise exposure evaluation, hearing protection and, in particular, engineering noise control research within the UK coalmining industry are discussed. Problems in the accurate assessment of individual noise exposures and the provision of suitable hearing protection are addressed in the context of European legislation concerning noise at work. Noise control research shows that significant noise reductions can be achieved on mining machinery. Studies of noise levels of various types of machine are summarised (roadheading machines, gearboxes, drills, railed manriding sets) along with resulting noise reductions.
Mining Engineer, Dec. 1992, Vol.152, No.375, p.159-163. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 93-1972
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Harmful substances - Clean air in the workplace - Proceedings of the European Community Conference on 2 July 1992 in Dresden
Gefahrstoffe - Saubere Luft am Arbeitsplatz - Vorträge der EG-Tagung am 2. Juli 1992 in Dresden [en alemán]
Contents: requirements placed by the European Community on air quality monitoring at workplaces; the major air pollutants at workplaces in the new Länder (states) of Germany; what the chemical industry in the new states is doing against air pollution at the workplace; personal protection against exposure to asbestos fibres during building renovation; emissions by diesel engines used in potash mines and in public transportation in the new states; exposure to wood dusts in both the new and old states and reduction of wood dust emissions; extractive ventilation for the elimination of harmful substances from workplaces as practiced in the new states.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1992. 152p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 28.00.

CIS 93-1507 Job safety analysis
Subjects covered by this training manual: accident prevention; job safety analysis; job selection; separation into steps; hazard identification; hazard control; job safety analysis development and application. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1992. 30p. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 93-1478 First aid
This manual provides an explanation of first-aid techniques to be used in mines before medical help arrives. It covers: basic first-aid procedures; first-aid procedures for life-threatening conditions (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, dealing with foreign objects in the throat of conscious and unconscious victims, cardiopulmonary resuscitation); control of bleeding; treatment for shock; bandages and dressings; treating of wounds, burns and scalds; musculoskeletal injuries; dislocations; transportation of the injured; environmental emergencies (hypothermia, frostbite, heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps); medical emergencies.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1992. 60p. Illus. 6 ref. Index.

CIS 93-1598 Attfield M.D., Morring K.
An investigation into the relationship between coal workers' pneumoconiosis and dust exposure in U.S. coal miners
The National Study of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (NSCWP) is a continuing epidemiologic study of the respiratory health of US coal miners. Using data from the study, prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) was related to indexes of dust exposure obtained from research and compliance sampling data. Clear relationships between prevalences of both simple CWP and progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) and estimated dust exposure were seen. Additional effects associated with carbon content and age were also seen. Analysis showed that 2-12% of miners exposed to a 2mg/m³ dust environment in bituminous coal mines would be expected to have Cat. 2 or greater CWP after a 40-yr working life; PMF would be expected for 1.3%-16.7%. The risks for anthracite miners are greater. These results are somewhat greater than some recent findings for British coal miners.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.486-492. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 93-1141 Ground Control Seminar, February 18-21, 1992, Haileybury School of Mines, Haileybury, Ontario
Contents of a seminar held in Northern Ontario (Canada) on 18-21 Feb. 1992. Topics covered: structural geology and engineering properties of rocks; rock pressure, signs of potentially hazardous ground control conditions; drilling and blasting controls; mine design and ground control considerations; ground support systems; a case history. Several journal articles on ground control are reproduced. Glossary.
Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, North Bay, Ont. P1B 8K6, Canada, 1992. Multiple paging. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-826 Sluis-Cremer G.K.
Pneumoconiosis research in South Africa with emphasis on developments in the last quarter century
This article reviews basic research findings in the field of pneumoconiosis in South Africa during the period 1965-1990. Main themes covered: silicosis research; asbestos mining; broadening concepts of pulmonary disabilities; silica and cancer; pneumoconiosis in non-mining industry; autopsy data; silicosis and tuberculosis; other studies; control perspectives for the future.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.591-603. 56 ref.

CIS 93-419 Courses for MSHA and the mining industry
Catalogue of courses offered by the US National Mine Health and Safety Academy. For each course, information is provided on its contents, course length, tuition fees (for 1992), name of technical coordinator and dates offered (in 1992). An introduction provides information on study conditions and student life at the Academy. A topical index classifies the courses by broad subject area: accident prevention; electricity; first aid; industrial hygiene; instructors' courses; mine safety; qualification and certification (inspectors, electrical specialists, dust sampling, noise measurement, refuse impounding); refuse impoundment; roof control; technician courses; ventilation.
U.S. Department of Labor, National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, West Virginia, USA, 1992. 65p. Illus.

CIS 93-524 Câmara V.M., Corey G.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Epidemiology and the environment - The case of gold mining settlements in Brazil
Epidemiologia e meio ambiente - O caso dos garimpos de ouro no Brasil [en portugués]
Contents of this study of the occupational health problems of gold miners and prospectors in the Amazon region of Brazil: epidemiology in environmental health (toxicology, exposure evaluation, adverse health effects, types of population, epidemiological investigation and monitoring, operational and strategic support); initial work environment of gold miners (statistic, gold extraction, the use of mercury in the extraction process, public institutions concerned with the working environment of miners); epidemiology in gold mining areas; conclusions.
Centro Panamericano de Ecologia Humana e Saúde (ECO), Apartado Postal 37-473, 06696 México, D.F., Mexico, 1992. x, 211p. Illus. 121 ref.

CIS 93-482 Verma D.K., Julian J.A., Roberts R.S., Muir D.C.F., Jadon N., Shaw D.S.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) - A possible cause of lung cancer mortality among nickel/copper smelter and refinery workers
A retrospective industrial hygiene investigation was undertaken to explain the cause of a statistically significant excess lung cancer mortality observed in a subset of a large cohort of nickel workers involved in mining, smelting, and refining of nickel and copper in Ontario (Canada). The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how an industrial hygiene follow-up assessment of an epidemiological finding can help to identify a likely cause. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) alone or in association with particulate and gaseous contaminants (e.g. SO₂) were likely the causative agents of the excess lung cancer observed among the lead welders, cranemen, and arc furnace workers of the copper refinery.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1992, Vol.53, No.5, p.317-324. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 93-183
Commission of the European Communities
Measures to reduce explosion and fire hazards in mine workings with secondary ventilation and to improve the protection of workers in case of explosion or of fire in coal mines [CEC]
Mesures visant à réduire les risques d'explosion et d'incendie dans les ouvrages miniers en aérage secondaire et à améliorer la protection du personnel en cas d'explosion et d'incendie dans les mines de charbon [CCE] [en francés]
Contents of this report on a symposium held at Luxembourg on 6 and 7 Dec. 1990 include: 1. Session A. On-going ventilation; improving the monitoring of secondary mine ventilation; electricity; reducing explosion hazards; fire safety in mine workings with secondary ventilation; human factors. 2. Session B. triggered barriers; portable respirators; secondary ventilation system. 3. Session C. firedamp monitoring instruments; alarms; ventilation and air conditioning; fire at the King's Cross metro station in London. 4. Session D. The Channel tunnel (construction - general observations; ventilation of lung tunnels during excavation); conclusions and summaries. Annexes. List and addresses of session chairpersons and speakers.
Directorate General Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs, Jean Monnet Building, Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Complete report: doc. No.5147/89, 315p. Illus. Summary report: doc. No.5148/1/89.

CIS 93-125 Fields C.L., Roy T.M., Dow F.T., Anderson W.H.
Impact of arterial blood gas analysis in disability evaluation of the bituminous coal miner with simple pneumoconiosis
The US Department of Labor has set guidelines for the use of resting arterial blood gas analysis in determination of total and permanent disability for coal workers' pneumoconiosis. To determine the prevalence with which bituminous coal miners arterial blood gas measurements fall below the arterial tensions of both oxygen and carbon dioxide published in the Federal Register, 1,012 miners were studied who had both reproducible spirometry and arterial blood gas analysis as part of their disability evaluation. Eighty-seven percent of impaired miners could be identified by the spirometric criteria. Thirteen percent of impaired bituminous coal miners had acceptable pulmonary function but were eligible for black lung benefits by the blood gas guidelines. This population would have been missed if blood gas analysis were excluded from the evaluation process. On the other hand, approximately 25% of the blood gas analyses that were performed could be eliminated if a policy was adopted to do this test only on miners with spirometry that exceed the federal guidelines.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1992, Vol.34, No.4, p.410-413. 10 ref.

CIS 93-193 Chen J., McLaughlin J.K., Zhang J.Y., Stone B.J., Luo J., Chen R.A., Dosemeci M., Rexing S.H., Wu Z., Hearl F.J., McCawley M.A., Blot W.J.
Mortality among dust-exposed Chinese mine and pottery workers
A cohort study of 68,000 persons employed from 1972-74 in Chinese metal mines and pottery factories was conducted to evaluate cancer mortality and other diseases among workers exposed to silica and other dusts. A follow-up of subjects through 1989 revealed 6,192 deaths, a number close to that expected based on Chinese national mortality rates. There was, however, a nearly six-fold increase in deaths from pulmonary heart disease and a 48% excess of mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases, primarily because of a more than 30-fold excess of pneumoconiosis. Pulmonary heart disease and non-cancerous respiratory disease rates rose in proportion to dust exposure. Cancer mortality overall was not increased among the miners or pottery workers. There was no increased risk of lung cancer, except among tin miners, and trends in risk of lung cancer with increasing level of dust exposure were not significant. Risks of lung cancer were 22% higher among workers with than without silicosis.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1992, Vol.34, No.3, p.311-316. 20 ref.

CIS 92-2022 König R.
Improved safety through redundancy in long-hole blasting
Höhere Sicherheit durch redundante Zündung von Grossbohrlochsprengungen [en alemán]
According to the German Accident Prevention Ordinance detonators for longhole blasting may be installed only at the top of the blast hole. This Ordinance was passed to avoid accidents with non-detonated caps at the bottom of the hole. Detonations initiated at the bottom of the hole are more efficient. To improve the safety of such shotfiring processes it is recommended to install two detonators, one at the bottom and one at the top of the blasting hole. The application of this method to electric, electronic and delay detonators is explained.
Nobel Hefte, 1992, Vol.58, No.1, p.2-9. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 92-1851 MAPAO back care exercise program
Ten exercises whose purpose is to increase the strength of stomach muscles and stretch out muscles supporting the lower back.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1992. 13p. Illus.

CIS 92-1224 O'Sullivan J.J., Parker G.D.J.
Investigation of the blood pressure levels of workers occupationally exposed to salt
In a cross-sectional study of salt mine workers, the blood pressure levels of a group of workers occupationally exposed to salt were found not to be raised in comparison with a similar non-exposed group. The highest recorded concentration of salt in the air was 24.0mg/m³, equivalent to a maximum extra daily intake of 1.5mmol sodium. This increase in intake would be expected to produce only a small increase in systolic pressure and would not be detectable in a study of this type. A positive association was found between blood pressure and age and between blood pressure and body mass index.
Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1992, Vol.42, No.1, p.15-18. 14 ref.

1991

CIS 98-1095 Reglamento 382/91 de 1991 que desarrolla la Ley sobre Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo [Canadá - Ontario]
Règlement 382/91 de 1991 pris en application de la Loi sur la Santé et la Sécurité au travail [Canada - Ontario] [en francés]
Reglamento que desarrolla la Ley sobre Salud y Seguridad en el Trabajo (CIS 94-177). Con él, se añade una versión francesa al Reglamento 837 de los Reglamentos revisados de Ontario de 1990 (Sustancia designada - Amianto). Temas tratados: amianto; cambios de puesto; Canadá; evaluación de la exposición; industria del amianto; legislación; limitación de la exposición; minas de amianto; Ontario; reconocimientos médicos; registros de exposición; responsabilidades de los empresarios; valores-umbral; vigilancia médica.
Ontario Gazette - Gazette de l'Ontario, 1991, p.717-720.

CIS 95-2132 Dalal N.S., Jafari B., Petersen M., Green F.H.Y., Vallyathan V.
Presencia de radicales estables de carbón en los pulmones de mineros del carbón a los que se les practicó la autopsia, y correlación potencial con la neumoconiosis de los mineros de la hulla
Presence of stable coal radicals in autopsied coal miners' lungs and its possible correlation to coal workers' pneumoconiosis [en inglés]
Estudio del tejido pulmonar de 98 mineros del carbón, con o sin neumoconiosis, cáncer o antecedentes tabáquicos.
Archives of Environmental Health, nov.-déc. 1991, vol.46, n°6, p.366-372. Ilus. 23 ref. ###

CIS 94-1956 A study of the occupational hazards of women workers
The results of a study on the health risks faced by women workers in India, particularly in the informal sector, are presented. Findings on health and safety conditions are presented under the headings: accidents; incorrect posture and lifting of weights; problems associated with hazardous materials; respiratory problems; noise; long hours of work; repetitious movements; problems related to technology; mental health; gynaecological problems and problems of repeated pregnancies. Results indicate that women work under very difficult conditions. An annex looks at occupational health hazards among women workers in the stone quarries of Gujarat.
Society for Participatory Research in Asia, 42 Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi 110062, India, 1991. v, 63p. Illus.

CIS 94-1536 Taylor G.A., Hegney R.P.
Chamber of Mines and Energy of W.A. (Inc.)
Mine safety and health interactive training course
Topics covered in this training course: accidents and accident causation; accident prevention - economic, humanitarian and legal aspects; introduction to health, safety and the body; communications and group dynamics; effective presentations; health and safety with chemicals; noise and hearing conservation; placarding and labelling for chemical safety; ventilation; sources of health and safety information; protective equipment; engineering principles in health and safety; ergonomics; the health and safety committee; physical principles in health and safety; inspection of work methods and practices; safety audits; accident investigation; approaches to risk analysis; hazard management; approaches to reliability and planned maintenance.
Australian Institute of Work Safety and Health, Hayman Road, Bentley, WA 61012, Australia, 1991. 2 vols. 151p. 257p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 94-1109 Commission Directive 91/269/EEC of 30 April 1991 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 82/130/EEC on the approximation of the laws ... concerning electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres in mines susceptible to firedamp [European Communities]
Directive 91/269/CEE de la Commission du 30 avr. 1991 portant adaptation au progrès technique de la directive 82/130/CEE concernant le rapprochement des législations... relatives au matériel électrique utilisable en atmosphère explosible des mines grisouteuses [Communautés européennes] [en francés]
The annexes of this directive replace or amend Directive 82/130/EEC. Annexes: list of approved harmonized CENELEC standards, general requirements for electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres, description of distinctive Community mark, and marking of electrical apparatus covered by an inspection certificate. Deadline for compliance by Member States: 30 June 1992, with certain exceptions.
Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, May 1991, Vol.34, No.L. 134, p.51-55. Illus.

CIS 94-872 Amandus H., Costello J.
Silicosis and lung cancer in U.S. metal miners
The association between silicosis and lung cancer mortality was estimated in 9,912 (369 silicotics and 9,543 nonsilicotics) white male metal miners. These miners were examined by the U.S. Public Health Service during 1959-1961 and were followed through 1975. The ores that were mined consisted of copper, lead-zinc, iron, mercury, lead silver, gold and gold-silver, tungsten, and molybdenum. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR, U.S. white male rates) for lung cancer was 1.73 (95% CI: 0.94-2.90) in silicotics and 1.18 (95% CI: 0.98-1.42) in nonsilicotics. When lung cancer mortality between silicotics and nonsilicotics was compared, the age-adjusted rate ratio (95% CI) was 1.56 (0.91-2.68), and the age- and smoking adjusted rate ratio was 1.96 (0.98-3.67). Corresponding figures for miners who were employed in mines with low levels of radon exposure were 1.90 (0.98-3.67) and 2.59 (1.44-4.68), respectively. These findings indicate that lung cancer mortality risk was increased in silicotics, and this probably did not result from chance or bias. However, confounding from radon exposure could not be ruled out.
Archives of Environmental Health, Mar.-Apr. 1991, Vol.46, No.2, p.82-89. 31 ref.

CIS 94-612 Vacek P.M., McDonald J.C.
Risk assessment using exposure intensity: An application to vermiculite mining
An exposure-response model for assessing lung cancer risk was developed and applied to vermiculite miners. The approach was applied to a study of lung cancer mortality (recorded up to July 1983) in 406 male miners employed for at least 1 year before 1963 at a vermiculite mine and mill in Montana. Exposure records for airborne fibres and occupational histories were reviewed. The exposure data were grouped into five categories having average fibre concentrations of 0.0, 2.1, 7.0, 24.1, and 82.0f/mL. Twenty-one lung cancer deaths occurred in the cohort between 1963 and July 1983. Negative nonsignificant lung cancer risk coefficients were found for the 2.1f/mL exposure group. The lung cancer risk coefficients for the 82.0f/mL group were similar to those of the 7.0f/mL group. When compared with a risk model that used cumulative exposure as the exposure indices, the lung cancer risk coefficients using cumulative exposure indices underestimated the risk for the 7.0 and 24.1f/mL groups significantly and overestimated the risk for the 82.0f/mL group. The authors conclude that in order to access exposure response relationships from epidemiological data accurately, exposure intensity as well as duration must be taken into account.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1991, Vol.48, No.8, p.543-547. 9 ref.

CIS 94-549 Caillier J., Bruant A., Mahieu B., Paris J.M., Zitter M., Cervantes P., Bertrand J.P., Pham Q.T.
Sample selection using a study of inter-observer agreement: Application to coalworkers suspected of pneumoconiosis
Constitution d'un échantillon de sujets à l'aide d'une étude de concordance inter-observateurs - Application à des mineurs suspects de pneumoconioses [en francés]
A study of inter-observer agreement was conducted in order to obtain a sample of 80 coalminers in whom chest radiographs showed signs of pneumoconiosis. A total of 264 chest radiographs of coalworkers, classified as ILO category 1/1 or less for small combined opacities was submitted to interpretation by four independent readers. The Kappa coefficient among the readers was 0.35±0.02. Three readers classified 198 slides in the same category, which was called the majority opinion. Slides included in the sample were those classified as suspect by at least three readers and by readers that were the most in agreement on the suspect category with the majority opinion.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, 1991, Vol.52, No.8, p.541-547. 24 ref.

CIS 93-1829 Carpal tunnel syndrome
Contents of this training manual aimed at miners: definition of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and data on its incidence in miners; symptoms and causes of CTS; scope of the problem; recognition, evaluation and control; return to work by CTS victims; summary and recommendations; other cumulative trauma disorders. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 26p. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 93-1832 Coping with substance abuse in mining
This manual deals with the problem of alcohol and drug abuse among miners. A five-point strategy is put forward for the control of this problem: establishment of a written substance abuse policy; supervisor training; education of employees and increasing their awareness of the problem; development of an employee assistance programme (EAP); drug testing. In annex: available educational materials and posters.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 30p. (+7p. discussion guide). Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 93-1486 Winter alert
This training manual concerns winter hazards and their prevention in coal mines. Section A deals with hazards in underground mines: fires and explosions; roof and ground control; frozen and stiff equipment controls; ice build-up in shafts and slops; frozen water pumps. Section B deals with surface mining hazards in winter: effect of bad weather and cold temperatures on soil stability; explosives and blasting hazards; equipment hazards; electrical hazards; welding hazards. Glossary.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 64p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 93-1498 Permissibility: Electric face equipment
Training manual on the explosion-proof operation of electric face equipment in underground coal mines.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 26p. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 93-1467 Personal protective equipment
Contents of this training brochure on the use of personal protective equipment in mines: accident prevention; principles of personal protection; care and use of equipment; protection of specific parts of the body (head, eyes, face, ear, respiratory system, hands, feet); general body protection; belts, harnesses and lifelines; miscellaneous equipment. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 57p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 93-1497 Fire safety
Contents of this training booklet; basic information on fires (the fire triangle, classification); fire hazards (flames, heat, gases, smoke, oxygen deficiency); fire prevention; fire protection (extinguishing and firefighting equipment); personal protection (equipment, escapeways, barricades). In appendices: glossary of terms; flammable gases and liquids (classification, properties).
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 41p. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 93-1483 Coal mine maps
Training manual on the preparation, interpretation and use of mine maps, particularly for coal mines. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 22p. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 93-1500 Electrical hazards
Contents of this training manual on electrical hazards in mines: electrical accidents; basic characteristics of electricity; shock due to contact with live wires or surfaces; areas of special risk (electrical enclosures, mills and preparation plants, high voltage cables, trolley systems, trailing cables); protective measures (circuit and cable protection, protection of wires, grounding); particular issues (machine guards, batteries). Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 51p. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 93-1473 Fault Tree Analysis
This training manual is an introduction to the basics of Fault Tree Analysis as it is applied to the investigation of mine accidents. It covers: general principles of Fault Trees; logic gates; events (output, independent, normal, undeveloped); the transfer symbol; Fault Tree Analysis in detail. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 33p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 93-1482 Laboratory safety
This safety training manual covers accident prevention in mine-related laboratories. In addition to general safety measures, it covers subjects such as hazard identification in laboratories, hazards of energy sources, hazardous materials in laboratories, job safety procedures, safety inspections and emergency procedures. Glossary of terms.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 26p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 93-1480 Mine gases
Training manual concerning the poisoning and explosion hazards associated with mine gases. Contents: sources and properties of mine gases (clean and contaminated air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane and other hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, gas mixtures and smoke); analysis of mine gases; detection and identification of contaminant gases; control of mine gases (under normal and abnormal conditions). In appendix: table of properties (specific gravity, density, TLV, hazard) of common mine gases; glossary.
National Mine Health and Safety Academy, P.O. Box 1166, Beckley, WV 25802, USA, 1991. 42p. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 93-1597 Weeks J.L.
Tampering with dust samples in coal mines (again)
Editorial written by an occupational health and safety officer of the labour union United Mine Workers of America. It deals with the problem of falsification of dust samples taken in underground coal mines in the US for submission to the US Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). Falsification methods included the removal of dust from dust sampling cassettes and the taking of samples outside the mines. The practice seems to be widespread, despite the heavy penalties it can lead to. In addition to its adverse health effects on miners because of the resulting higher exposure to respirable dust, the practice may also result in biased epidemiological research results, as dust samples have been used in such research. The main conclusion is that responsibility for sampling for dust in mines should be removed from the operators, and entrusted to a government agency.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1991, Vol.20, No.2, p.141-144. 6 ref.

CIS 93-1479 Umpherson D., Bennett D., Webb J.R., Hart J.
Ministry of Northern Development and Mines
Bush safety in mineral exploration
Sécurité dans les bois pour les prospecteurs de minéraux [en francés]
Safe practices for prospecting and mineral exploration in the bush are described. Responsibilities for safety are outlined as well as personal protective equipment, trip preparation, setting-up camp and camp equipment, and safety around hazardous sites. Survival when lost in the bush and first-aid measures for different types of injuries and conditions are described.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. vi, 65p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 93-1247
Technical Standing Committee on Safety and Loss Control
Emergency preparedness guidelines
This manual is a reference guide to assist Ontario mining companies in preparing for emergency situations. Contents: overview; planning for emergencies; the Emergency Plan: declaring an emergency and evacuation (including the evacuation checklist), notification of key personnel, assigning specific duties, the Operations Control Centre, hazard control, search and rescue, removal or protection of vital equipment and records, all clear and re-entry; training drills; media communications. In appendices: checklists (general hazard identification and control, fire prevention for underground mobile equipment, chemical spills, bomb threats, kidnap and extortion threats, stranded vehicles, wilderness emergency survival, injuries, explosions and implosions); resource catalogue (addresses of companies with specialised emergency response information).
Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, North Bay, Ont. P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 96p. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 93-1024 Djivre M.M.
Failure of shaft ropes in Ontario mines
In Ontario mines over the last decade, a total of six shaft ropes failed in service due to the condition of the wire rope. This paper outlines the Ontario Ministry of Labour's findings on the last two rope failures and presents conclusions/recommendations to improve hoisting and wire rope safety.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 68p. Illus.

CIS 93-993 Eyres B.
Emergency response to an underground fire at a remote mining site
This paper discusses the District Emergency Response Plan which was triggered to react to a scooptram fire when there was an insufficient number of mine rescue personnel on site.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 6p.

CIS 93-1023 Jowsey M.D.
Development of calibration techniques for HDRK's loose rock detection system
Current methods for loose rock detection are reviewed and calibration techniques used for the HDRK Mining Research Limited loose rock sensing and assessment device are described. Results from sample surveying are discussed which illustrate the inconsistency of loose rock interpretation by individuals using the traditional hand-held scaling bar technique. The resultant effect of inconsistent objective assessment on mine safety is also discussed.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 18p. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 93-773 Bilodeau M.
Supervision's role in accident prevention
The role and responsibilities of supervisory staff in accident investigations are outlined in this training manual.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 6p.

CIS 93-772 King J.
The ABC's of training, development and education
Training programmes offered by the Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario (MAPAO) are briefly reviewed and the role of the Education Services department of MAPAO is described. Future trends in training in the Ontario mining industry are discussed.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 18p.

CIS 93-786 Yearwood P.
Asbestos fibre exposure during a removal project
Health effects and relevant Ontario regulations for asbestos are covered in this training manual. Procedures for identifying and removing asbestos at Inco Limited are outlined along with examples of typical activities and control measures which would be involved in such a project. A sample removal project is described in detail as well as how to dispose of asbestos waste material.
Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 29p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 92-1904 Samet J.M.
Diseases of uranium miners and other underground miners exposed to radon
In the United States, most underground uranium mines had shut down by the late 1980's but occupational exposure to radon daughters remains a concern for many other categories of underground miners and underground workers. Worldwide, uranium mining continues in Canada, South Africa, other African countries, and Australia. The paper outlines the relationship between exposure to radon daughters and dose to target cells in the respiratory tract. It summarises epidemiological studies of radon and lung cancer in miners and reviews three of the most recent risk models used to estimate the excess lifetime risk of lung cancer associated with radon daughter exposure. The paper concludes by outlining negative health effects other than lung cancer, including cancer at other sites, non-malignant respiratory disease, renal disease and reproductive outcomes.
Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, Oct.-Dec. 1991, Vol.6, No.4, p.629-639. Illus. 39 ref.

CIS 92-1208 Vth "Ergonomics" programme for the ECSC's industries
Ve Programme "Ergonomie" pour les industries de la CECA [en francés]
This Bulletin contains summaries of projects carried out till Dec. 1991 within the "Ergonomic" Programme for the industries of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). The cumulative index indicates results published in other issues of the Bulletin. A list of newly accepted future projects is given.
Bulletin d'information - CECA, Dec. 1991, No.27, 138p. Illus.

CIS 92-1207 Vth "Ergonomics" programme for the ECSC's industries
Ve Programme "Ergonomie" pour les industries de la CECA [en francés]
This bulletin contains summaries of projects carried out till July 1991 within the "Ergonomic" Programme for the industries of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). The cumulative index indicates the results published in other issues of the Bulletin. A list of newly accepted future projects is given. A bibliography on the international ergonomic literature is appended.
Bulletin d'information - CECA, July 1991, n°26, 149p. + Appendix 13p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 92-1219 Fitzgerald E.F., Stark A.D., Vianna N., Hwang S.A.
Exposure to asbestiform minerals and radiographic chest abnormalities in a talc mining region of upstate New York
A case history study of radiographic chest abnormalities found in the lung parenchyma and pleura of residents was conducted in New York State (USA) in an area where tremolitic talc has been mined for many years. During a 1yr period, all radiographs from 6 hospitals in the region were reviewed. A B-reader confirmed that 355 of 9442 patients ≥40yrs of age (3.8%) had a relevant abnormality; 60% of them reported occupational exposure to asbestiform minerals, and another 15% had a chest condition or injury that could have accounted for the abnormal radiograph. The results should be interpreted cautiously, but there was no evidence of widespread radiographic abnormalities resulting from ambient dust exposure. Earlier studies indicate that talc miners and millers experience excess parenchymal fibrosis and pleural changes. The findings also suggest that workers in the paper industry may be at risk, but analytical studies are necessary to quantify these risks.
Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1991, Vol.46, No.3, p.151-154. 22 ref.

CIS 92-1260 Hnizdo E., Sluis-Cremer G.K.
Silica exposure, silicosis and lung cancer: A mortality study of South African gold miners
The relationship of exposure to gold mining dust with a high concentration of free silica and of tobacco smoking to mortality from lung cancer was assessed in a sample of 2209 white South African gold miners who started mining during 1936-43, and were selected for a study of respiratory disorders in 1968-71 when they were aged 45-54. The mortality follow up was from 1968-71 to 30 December 1986. The relative risk for the effect of dust cumulated to the start of the follow up period was estimated as 1.023 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.005-1.042) for a unit of 1000 particle-years. The combined effect of dust and tobacco smoking was better fitted by the multiplicative model than the additive model, suggesting that the two exposures act synergistically. No association between lung cancer and silicosis of the parenchyma or pleura was found, but a positive association existed between silicosis of the hilar glands and lung cancer.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1991, Vol.48, No.1, p.53-60. 26 ref.

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