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• Safety programmes

1978

CIS 79-307 Pawellek G., Heinz W.
Organisation and occupational safety in transport operations
Organisation und Arbeitssicherheit bei Transportvorgängen [en alemán]
The practical application of an analysis and evaluation procedure, described in an earlier report (CIS 77-1514), applicable to logistic systems is dealt with. The evaluation criteria and hazard and stress factors affecting man are pinpointed and discussed. On this basis an analysis form and calculation procedure were developed. An underground railway and a high-rise building site were studied as examples, and the transport operations involved are described with drawings and photographs. Results are given for 12 operations in the form of operation profiles and tables, and evaluated. Examples are given of the application of the method to improve occupational safety in the operation and planning phases.
Forschungsbericht Nr.179, Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Unfallforschung, Postfach 170202, 4600 Dortmund 17, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 1978. 105p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: DM.17.25.

CIS 79-553 Smith S.L., Schultze G.L., Curry B.H.
A management system for occupational safety and health programs for academic research laboratories - An administrative resource guide.
The system described is based on interviews with administrators at research universities, managers of government and private organisations and a literature review. Discussed are why university administrators should be concerned with such a system; scope of the system; planning; control of operations; evaluation of programme activities; financial planning; integrating the management elements. A separate small brochure (9 pages) contains an executive summary of the report.
DHEW(NIOSH) Publication No. 79-121, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Oct. 1978. 120p. 203 ref.

CIS 79-235
Occupational Safety and Health Committee.
Guidelines for a chemical plant safety program and audit.
The procedures for an aggressive safety programme are outlined: management commitment (organisation, policy, participation, assignment of responsibilities, committees, audit); planning and organising (planning elements, goals and objectives, communication, medical facilities, audit); employee selection; hazard identification (foundation of an accident, types of accidents, exposures and hazards, analysing the workplace, audit); hazard control (rules and procedures, employee training, engineering and process control, administrative control, personal protective equipment, audit); supervisory training and accountability; safety meetings (formal, informal, individual contacts, audit); accident management (treatment, investigation, reporting, recordkeeping, audit); public relations and recognition (awards, suggestions, audit); off-the-job safety (programmes and audit); audit performance; further references.
SG-21, Manufacturing Chemists Association, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. 20009, USA, 1978. 23p. Illus. 18 ref.

1977

CIS 78-1727 Rieger W.
Preparation of work and technical prevention in the building industry - Example of bridge construction
Arbeitsvorbereitung und Sicherheitstechnik im Baubetrieb - dargestellt am Beispiel des Brückenbaues [en alemán]
Planning of work and integrated safety are of interest not only for large construction sites, but also for those of small or medium size. The 1st part of this study deals above all with coordination of the work in time and safety methods, with diagrams and flow charts. The question of the necessary labour force is considered. The 2nd part is devoted to planning of worksite equipment (road surfaces and communication ways, electrical installation, accommodation, machinery and equipment) and choice of work methods. Part 3 gives advice for planning work and safety scaffolds, fall prevention devices, and formwork. The safety specialist should be a constant adviser in the preparation of the work.
Die Berufsgenossenschaft, Dec. 1977, No.12, p.575-579; Jan. 1978, No.1, p.32-35; Mar. 1978, No.3, p.222-226. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 78-1461
Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General "Employment and Social Affairs", Steel Industry Safety and Health Commission, Luxembourg.
Accident prevention programme.
Le programme de prévention. [en francés]
This booklet defines the objectives of an in-plant accident prevention programme and makes detailed recommendations for the progressive introduction and implementation of a programme of this kind. Annexes: principles of accident prevention recommended to industrial enterprises within the European Community; check questionnaire on the organisation of accident prevention within the enterprise; list of documents of the Steel Industry Safety and Health Commission.
EUR 5922, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, B.P. 1003, Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1977. 15p. 33 ref. Gratis.

CIS 78-864
Ministry of Labour (Ministère du travail), Paris.
Decree No.77-996 of 19 Aug. 1977 to administer the Labour Code (Book II, Title III, Ch.V: first part - legislative) respecting occupational safety and health planning, interplant occupational safety and health committees and worksite communication ways
Décret n°77-996 du 19 août 1977 pris pour l'exécution du livre II, titre III, chapitre V (première partie: Législative) du code du travail (plans d'hygiène et de sécurité, collèges interentreprises d'hygiène et de sécurité et réalisation des voies et réseaux divers). [en francés]
Part I of this Decree defines the conditions, planning procedure and scope of the worksite occupational safety and health (OSH) plans required, by articles L.235-2 and -3 of the French Labour Code, for civil engineering projects estimated at more than 12 million francs. Part II prescribes the composition (site owners, contractors, subcontractors, ancillary firms, etc.), terms of reference and standing orders of the interplant OSH committees required under articles L.235-5 to L.235-7 in worksites of the above category employing a given number of workers and involving a certain number of independent firms. Part III makes regulations for ways of communication and linking up with public drinking water and electricity supply in conformity with the provisions of article L.235-2 of the said Code.
Journal officiel de la République française, 3 Sep. 1977, Vol.109, No.204, p.4443-4445.

CIS 78-861 Krikorian M.
Advanced planning is the key to controlling emergencies and disasters in the work-place.
Guidelines for written plans for action in case of emergencies are proposed and commented upon: general (written plan; provisions for protection of employees and others on the premises, property, review and updating plans; rehearsal; decisions needed; list of emergency situations); outline of action (responsibilities, priorities); contacting authorities; delegation of responsibilities; limiting plant operations; warning and communications systems; facility and perimeter security; other points (photographic equipment, alternate operation location, transportation and medical services); protecting proprietary and classified documents; legal aspects and requirements.
Professional Safety, Dec. 1977, Vol.22, No.12, p.39-42. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 77-1732
Fiche de sécurité E.101, Organisation for Safety in Building Construction and Civil Engineering (Organisme professionnel de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics), 2bis rue Michelet, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Jan. 1977.
Preparation of erection and assembly work
Préparation des opérations de montage-levage. [en francés]
Advice on the underlying principles for organising the lifting into position and assembly of prefabricated construction elements or components (metal, wood, concrete) involving co-operation between 2 or more contracting firms, where co-ordinated integrated safety principles are normally observed. Survey of pertinent French legislation, followed by sections devoted to: principal hazards; role of the design and planning department; role of the organisational services; contributory role of the prefabricated element manufacturing firm; safety responsibility on the worksite.
Cahiers des Comités de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics, Jan.-Feb. 1977, No.1, 4p. (inset supplement).

CIS 77-1731 Ardouin G.
Integrated safety in the undertaking
La prévention intégrée dans l'entreprise. [en francés]
This article stresses the special characteristics of the building construction and civil engineering sector (unique nature of each operation, provisional installations) and the importance of the French Act of 6 Dec. 1976 (CIS 77-899) which makes it mandatory for the contractor to draw up a safety plan. The author emphasises the necessity for thorough and detailed technical preparation of the construction programme, referring to various accident causes arising from the instability of structures during transitional stages while a construction project is under way, the employment of fixed or mobile production material (tools which are not properly adapted to their users or to the purpose for which they are used), and the risk of falls. Role of the safety service. Economic aspects of integrated safety.
Cahiers des Comités de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics, Jan.-Feb. 1977, No.1, p.4-10. Illus.

CIS 77-1469 Holmgren M.C.
The design of a total loss control program.
While a programme for total loss control should be designed for the needs of a particular group, the basic structure and methodology are common to most programmes. The basic functions in loss control are described: identification and control of accident causes and minimisation of accident losses. Included in the design are requirements for the identification function (total work environment, injury-damage balance, severity-frequency analysis, accident cause identification); procedures for identification of accident causes; requirements for control (environment and bahvioural controls, priorities, control selection); control procedures (environmental and behavioural); minimising losses (prompt action, injury-property damage balance); implementation.
Professional Safety, June 1977, Vol.22, No.6, p.10-14. Illus. 3 ref.

1976

CIS 78-227 Guidelines for risk evaluation and loss prevention in chemical plants.
Methods are outlined for programmes to increase safety by application of accident, fire and explosion prevention principles. The purpose and factors involved in risk evaluation are given; loss estimation procedures and a worksheet are shown. The reasons for and kind and organisation of loss prevention reviews are described. Loss prevention check lists are included.
Manufacturing Chemists Association, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington D.C. 20009, USA, 1976. 21p. Illus. 46 ref.

CIS 77-1753 Integrated occupational safety and examples from practice
Integrierte Arbeitssicherheit mit Fallbeispielen aus der Praxis [en alemán]
A brief introduction on safety (regarded as one of the objectives of plant policy), legal obligations, in-plant occupational safety and health organisation, and directives for a basic programme, is followed by concrete examples: occupational safety and health organisation chart; staffing and tasks of safety committees; report of a safety committee meeting; measures to promote safety; safety plan for dangerous work; performance of inspections; participation in design, construction, and maintenance of plants; programme of progressive initiation in safety for new employees; safety officers.
Schriftenreihe Arbeitssicherheit Nr.18, Industriegewerkschaft Metall, Wilhelm-Leuschner-Strasse 79-85, 6000 Frankfurt am Main, Germany (Fed.Rep.), Dec. 1976. 76p.

CIS 77-1751 Hudlow C.D.
Establishing a safety program priority system.
The steps involved in preparing a safety priority list, according to long-term, medium-term, and short-term budgetary constraints, are explained and examples given of forms used to indicate the progress of the measures envisaged.
Professional Safety, Dec. 1976, Vol.21, No.12, p.8-13. Illus.

CIS 77-1464 De Keyser V.
Theoretical and methodological contribution to safety training following a seminar for trade unionists
Contribution théorique et méthodologique à la formation à la sécurité à la suite d'un séminaire destiné à des syndicalistes. [en francés]
Modern safety training programmes aim at promoting in trainees the aptitude to pinpoint the various hazard factors in the working environment (and not merely the individual factor) converging to cause an accident. A safety training seminar was organised for trade unionists by the Commission of the European Communities with a view, inter alia, to test the reaction of the trade unions to the new concepts and to seek new training methods. This article outlines the criticisms voiced by the trade unions, which were directed against the underlying concepts behind this new approach, and against the teaching aids presented. Detailed comments on these criticisms show more clearly the complementary roles of theoretical research and continuous collective assessment of the working environment by workers, and emphasise the difficulties which still remain to be overcome.
Travail humain, 1976, Vol.39, No.2, p.341-356. 7 ref.

CIS 77-1167 Arroyo J.L, Vielba J.L.
Propuesta de un programa de seguridad válido para cualquier empresa
Reproduction of an article which appeared in Revista Seguridad (Avilés, Spain, 1976, No.62, p.32). Starting from their own observations that occupational accidents are often the result of human failure (inadequate training, routine, fatigue, unawareness of hazards, etc.), the authors propose a programme to eliminate accidents by removing their causes (better occupational training, clear directives, assignment to suitable workposts, job design, psychological and welfare assistance (personal and family problems), safety-mindedness, in-plant safety surveys, staff motivation, etc.). Conditions for the success of a programme of this kind: study of safety problems in each undertaking individually; integration of the programme in the activity of the undertaking; promotion of safety awareness among management and staff; rational organisation of the programme to improve the quality of working life. The authors claim that a programme on these lines could reduce by 50% the number of accidents which can be attributed to human failure.
Notas y documentos sobre prevención de riesgos profesionales, Oct. 1976, No.115, p.21-25.

CIS 76-1834 Balsmeyer D.L.
High-pressure fluids safety program.
The programme described was based on hazards present (potential hazards listed), pressure system scope (gases below 150psig and liquids below 1500psig), programme administration, testing (methods listed), design, equipment, training and existing facilities. The design included as much remote control as possible and established safety codes were followed.
Professional Safety, Aug. 1976, Vol.21, No.8, p.35-38. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 76-2054 Bertschi E.
Getting to grips with industrial accidents
Betriebsunfälle im Griff [en alemán]
This book is written by the Chief Safety Officer of a large mechanical engineering works. Introduction: financial and material losses due to industrial accidents; present-day levelling-off of accident frequency statistics, which would suggest that there is a limit to the efficiency of accident prevention; definitions of "system" and "system safety". The author applies the network planning technique to accident analysis and especially to drawing up accident prevention check lists. Examples of how to use check lists, results and experience obtained. 22 check lists for various industrial sectors and safety problems (e.g. training, personal protection, hand tools, lifting equipment, electrical equipment, scaffolding, storage and use of flammable liquids, transport, welding, propane) are reproduced. The system of check lists can be rendered more foolproof by re-check lists at managerial level. The author also presents the method of total loss control and discusses the cost of accidents and the financial reward from good safety planning.
Ott Verlag, Länggasse 57, 3600 Thun 7, Switzerland, 1976. 73p. Illus. Price: SF.26.80.

CIS 76-1434 Biles M.B.
Operational safety aspects of nuclear facilities.
The U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) Division of Operational Safety has developed a comprehensive system safety programme for nuclear energy installations. The unique features include separation of management and staff responsibilities, clear definition of responsibilities in the line organisation and a clause in all ERDA contracts concerning safety and health of workers and public. The Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT) programme (a dynamic system model and methodology for implementation of safety elements to reduce accident rates) has been tested and is in operation with ERDA contractors. In addition, an accident investigation training programme for government and contractor employees is in operation. Instruction is given in analytical techniques, investigative methods, witness interviewing, preservation of evidence, actual investigation exercises and various other investigation subjects.
Professional Safety, May 1976, Vol.21, No.5, p.34-35. 3 ref.

1975

CIS 77-529 Gutermuth R., Gittner S.
Planning and preparation of construction sites
Baustellenvorbereitung [en alemán]
This booklet covers: elaboration and content of the work project from the standpoint of occupational safety, safety engineering and fire protection; plan of worksite layout; radio communications; stacking sites, stores and stockrooms; wood stores and carpentry worksites; lighting; supply lines; crane tracks, lifts and hoisting equipment; special measures for winter; welfare facilities and kitchens, canteens, dispensing machines, hot drink supply. A draft for a construction site Order, and symbols and signs for the site layout plan for materials storage, buildings, roads, tracks, machinery and apparatus, supply lines, and scaffolds are reproduced. Appendix: relevant legislation, standards, directives, etc. in force in the German Democratic Republic.
Verlag Tribüne, Am Treptower Park 28-30, DDR-1193 Berlin, 1975. 80p. Illus. Price: M.2.80.

CIS 76-1793 Egan B.
Safety policies - How to write and enforce them.
Guidelines for British employers and workers' representatives as to how an organisation should approach the formulation of a safety policy, referring to the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and the Robens Report. Construction of a safety policy (role of the company executive; availability of safety information; consultation with the workforce; documentation; safety policy in multi-operation organisations; responsibilities of management, of safety representatives and of individual employees; directors' reports and safety statements). Appendices to this digest are devoted to: guidelines for safety audits (laws, regulations, preparatory documents, sources of advice and information, responsibilities, safety advisers and officers, safety representatives and committees, first aid, fire precautions, housekeeping, accident and safety training records, examples of safety policies, addresses of local enforcement authorities).
Commercial Publishing Company, 1076 Harrow Road, London NW10 5NL, United Kingdom, 1975. 52p. Illus. Price: £3.00.

CIS 76-1144
National Opleidingscentrum, Brugbemdenlaan 1, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium, 1975. 195p. Illus.
30th Safety Seminar: Role of accident investigations as part of a safety programme
30ste Veiligheidsseminarie: van ongevallenonderzoek tot veiligheidsprogramma [en holandés]
Record of proceedings of a seminar convened by the Safety Committee of the Province of Limbourg (Hasselt, 11-13 Mar. 1975). Contents: legal aspects of accident investigations and accident statistics; methodology of investigations; validity and practical uses of accident statistics; planning safety programmes based on data obtained from accident investigations (frequency rates, accident black spots, etc.).
National Opleidingscentrum, Brugbemdenlaan 1, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium, 1975. 195p. Illus.

CIS 76-1118 Lohmann H.
Safety programmes with implementation and feedback control
Sicherheitsprogramme mit Durchführungs- und Wirkungskontrollen [en alemán]
Description of an accident-prevention programme in a workshop where wide-diameter, 12m-long welded tubes are produced. The various phases of the programme - pinpointing of the hazards, determination of the safety target, preparation and implementation of safety measures, control of efficacy - are presented schematically and described in detail. Accident "black spots" occur chiefly at the welding and tube section handling stages. The safety measures therefore include a special slinging device for the crane transport of tube sections, a mechanically-operated welding installation, compulsory wearing of protective clothing and use of personal protective equipment, and are supplemented by suitable information and training. Subsequent checks and controls are carried out to ensure that the safety programme deadlines are met, to supervise the efficacy of the programme and to determine any remaining hazards.
Heft 19, Moderne Unfallverhütung, Vulkan-Verlag, Haus der Technik, 43 Essen, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 1975, p.67-73. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 76-813 Aucoin T.A.
A successful respirator program.
Description of the various stages of implementation of a successful respiratory protection programme introduced on a voluntary basis in a large industrial plant. The basic features of the programme, which involves 1,100 workers, are thorough evaluation of the hazard, securing management approval and union support, participation of supervisors, education and training of workers, care and maintenance of respirators and evaluation of the results. One year after the launching of the scheme, 75% of the workers were complying voluntarily with it.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1975, Vol.36, No.10, p.752-754. Illus.

CIS 76-865 Krause G.
Step by step
Schritt für Schritt [en alemán]
Guide for young safety officers, who may devote only part of their time to this task, according to the size of the undertaking. Such activity depends on good planning: stage 1: working out an organisation chart and setting up a safety committee; stage 2: drawing up and application of a safety programme; stage 3: control of the success of the programme; stage 4: search for errors in the event of failure. These principles are based on experience gained in a large undertaking.
Sicherheitsingenieur, Oct. 1975, Vol.6, No.10, p.444-449.

CIS 76-572 Factory design and safety
La conception des usines et la sécurité. [en francés]
This brochure, compiled by the Regional Sickness Insurance Fund for Central and Western France, concerns occupational safety and health planning as from the initial stages of modern factory and workshop design, covering the following aspects: project design stage (preliminary studies; main buildings and annexed premises; workshops); construction (structures, floors, installations (electrical installations, fire protection, etc.)); physical environment (air and temperature; light; colours; noise); workplaces; materials handling.
Edition INRS n°513, French National Research and Safety Institute (Institut national de recherche et de sécurité), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Mar. 1975. Illus. 63p.

1974

CIS 75-2024 Meisenbach J.
Safety strategy and tactics in a large undertaking in the iron and steel industry
Sicherheitsstrategie und -taktik in einem Grossunternehmen der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie [en alemán]
After a general review of the basic elements of a safety strategy in an industrial plant, the author looks into its individual phases: detecting hazards, safety objectives, safety measures, and control of application and efficacy. Suggestions for the organisation of plant safety programmes are given.
Heft 18, Moderne Unfallverhütung, Vulkan-Verlag, Haus der Technik, 43 Essen, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 1974, p.79-83. 3 ref.

CIS 75-2058 Skilled safety management curbs hand and body injuries.
In the United States hand and body injuries account for nearly 75% of disabling industrial accidents. The programme for hand and body protection at Lukens Steel Company is described. Comprehensive accident reporting, personal protective equipment testing, and thorough training for foremen and workers are main parts of the programme. "Near-miss" accident reports are also followed up as if they were actual accident reports. The article emphasises the active support of top management and effective communications which contribute to a great extent to the success of the programme.
Occupational Hazards, Apr. 1974, Vol.36, No.4, p.35-38, 40. Illus.

CIS 75-2052 Adams N.L.
Using injury statistics to set safety goals.
Report on the first stage of an injury research programme, comprising revision of plant injury report forms and analysis of foremen's injury reports. The new form is described and reproduced; it contains a checklist for safety equipment and a questionnaire on accident cause, source of injury and work preceding injury. After one year's use of the new form a computer analysis of the reports was carried out: accident situation in the different plant sections; influence of shift and time of day; injury pattern fluctuation during shifts; time worked since last break. The information obtained provided a basis for safety programmes or focussed attention on more specific safety problems for investigation.
Personnel Practice Bulletin, Sep. 1974, Vol.30, No.3, p.244-256. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 75-1137 Farenhorst J.B.
Safety starting from the earliest stage in the construction of a chemical plant
Veiligheid vanaf het prilste bouwstadium van een chemisch bedrijf [en holandés]
An account of the safety planning and organisation before and during the construction of a petrochemical plant in the Netherlands: accident prevention and first-aid organisation on the construction site; contacts with local authorities (labour inspectorate, fire services, etc.); planned purchase of fire fighting equipment; organisation of a plant safety, fire fighting and guard department; safety training of new employees; supervision of construction work; introduction of ban on smoking and permits-to-work as soon as the first hydrocarbons arrived on the site; information of the neighbourhood population and dealing with complaints about environmental nuisances.
De veiligheid, Oct. 1974, No.10, p.413-416. Illus.

CIS 75-864 Rehhahn H.
Outline of a strategy for in-plant safety and its organisation
Umrisse einer betrieblichen Sicherheitsstrategie und deren Organisation [en alemán]
This publication is intended as a reference and information handbook for safety specialists. Introductory comments on the aims of occupational safety are followed by a brief explanation of 2 theories of accident causality and the basic principles of a safety strategy. The main part of this book is devoted to the study, application and supervision of technical prevention, work organisation and human behaviour. An important chapter gives information on the organisation of safety activities (role of the employer, supervisory staff and safety engineer, participation of the council of workers' representatives in action and decisions taken on safety questions, duties of the safety officer, co-operation with outside bodies).
Nr.6 Schriftenreihe Arbeitsschutz, Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Unfallforschung, Postfach, 46 Dortmund-Marten, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 1974. 230p. 258 ref. Price: DM.25.20.

1973

CIS 75-863 Szelejak W.
A system for preventing accidents
System prewencji wypadkowej [en polonés]
Description of the planning and implementation of a system for preventing accidents which has proved its efficacy in many Polish chemical plants. The programme is an integrated one, involving all levels from shop floor to top management. It is composed of model organigrams setting out (in conformity with the Polish Occupational Safety and Health Act of 30 Mar. 1965) targets, means of action, methods of implementation, responsibilities, etc., incorporating safety problems into the day-to-day activity of the plant. The system described can be used as a model for any industrial establishment.
Instytut wydawniczy CRZZ, Warszawa, Poland, 1973. 123p. Price: Zł.18.00.

CIS 74-562 Petersen D.C.
The effectiveness of safety programs as perceived by employees.
This article suggests that time and money may be wasted by developing safety programmes out of elements based on old and borrowed theories. Heinrich's domino theory of accident causation is today under serious question. Structuring of safety programmes should be situational, and this shows a need to measure more effectively employee opinion, credibility of management, and safety standards. The article suggests how this can be achieved.
ASSE Journal, Aug. 1973, Vol.18, No.8, p.22-26. Illus. 7 ref.

1972

CIS 73-656 Hindson A.
The introduction of an eye safety programme
Description of the establishment and introduction of 3-year eye safety programme in an engineering and shipyard group employing 2,500 workers, in which eye injuries accounted for 45% of all reported injuries and 25% of all disabling injuries. The article describles the development of a pilot programme for a single plant, the procedure used to introduce the programme to workers, the cost to the company and the application of the programme to other plants. The results of the programme are given in detail and indicate a major reduction in eye injuries; it is estimated the total cost of all visits to first-aid stations by workers with eye injuries has been halved.
Personnel Practice Bulletin, June 1972, Vol.28, No.2, p.121-130.

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