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Environmental pollution - 665 entradas encontradas

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  • Environmental pollution

2010

CIS 11-0543 Constans Aubert A., Solórzano Fàbrega M.
Protección de la capa de ozono: aspectos legales
This technical note summarizes European Union legislation relative to the protection of the ozone layer directly applicable to Spain, namely Regulation EC/1005/2009 of 16 September 2009 on substances that deplete the ozone layer. Contents: introduction; EC/1005/2009 regulations; health hazards; legal provisions.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2010. 6p. 17 ref.
NTP_874.pdf [en español]

CIS 10-0674 Brasseur G., Clergiot J.
Toxic gases - Red flag for green algae
Gaz toxiques - Drapeau rouge pour les algues vertes [en francés]
This article discusses methods for the collection, transport and treatment of green algae that overrun the coast of Brittany during summer. Their prompt removal is necessary because of the dangerous gases such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide that may be emitted during their decomposition. In particular, methods of collection, composting and agricultural spreading are described.
Travail et sécurité, Oct. 2010, No.710, p.2-11. Illus.
Gaz_toxiques.pdf [en francés]

CIS 10-0256 Solomon G.M., Janssen S.
Health effects of Gulf oil spill
This article identifies four main health hazards associated with the Gulf of Mexico oil spill: vapours from oil chemicals and dispersants in the air; skin damage from direct contact with tar balls or contaminated water; potential cancer or other long-term health risks from consumption of contaminated seafood; mental health problems of depression, anxiety, and self-destructive behaviour due to stress. It is too soon to know if there will be any long-term respiratory effects. Seafood safety is probably the biggest concern right now with the new fishery re-openings, particularly for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, children and subsistence fish consumers. The authors ask the Food and Drug Administration to review their methods of assessing seafood safety and to make all their data on seafood safety publicly available.
Journal of the American Medical Association, 8 Sep. 2010, Vol.304, No.10, p.1118-1119. 10 ref.

CIS 10-0100 Canalejas Pérez P., Gadea Carrera E., Solórzano Fabrega M.
Gestión de residuos sanitarios
This information note on medical waste management in medical and veterinarian services aims at ensuring public health and protecting workers handling this kind of waste at the site of production as well as outside. It describes the different types of waste and their disposal according to the hazard they present (with household garbage or as special waste). European and Spanish legislation, as well as the specific legislation of the regional authorities in this field is also listed.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2010. 6p.
http://www.insht.es/InshtWeb/Contenidos/Documentacion/FichasTecnicas/NTP/Ficheros/821a921/838%20web.pdf [en español]

CIS 10-0115 Louvat D., Matcalf P.
Closing the cycle
This article reviews methods for the geological disposal of spent fuel and radioactive waste implemented or being developed in several IAEA member states. Topics addressed: Global Safety Regime; Global Inventory of Radioactive Waste; options for the disposal of radioactive waste; geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste; safety standards and international projects.
IAEA Bulletin, Apr. 2010, Vol.51, No.2, p.20-23. Illus.
http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull512/51202642023.pdf [en inglés]

2009

CIS 11-0775 Schulte P.A., Chun H.
Climate change and occupational safety and health: Establishing a preliminary framework
This article develops framework for identifying how climate change could affect occupational safety and health based on a review of the published scientific literature from 1988-2008 that includes climatic effects, their interaction with occupational hazards, and their manifestation in the working population. Seven categories of climate-related hazards are identified: increased ambient temperature, air pollution, ultraviolet exposure, extreme weather, vector-borne diseases and expanded habitats, industrial transitions and emerging industries; changes in the built environment. This review indicates that while climate change may result in increasing the prevalence, distribution and severity of known occupational hazards, there is no evidence of unique or previously unknown hazards. However, such a possibility should not be excluded, since there is potential for interactions of known hazards and new conditions leading to new hazards and risks.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Sep. 2009, Vol.6, No.9, p.542-554. Illus. 136 ref.
Climate_change.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0517 Martuzzi M., Mitis F., Bianchi F., Minichilli F., Comba P., Fazzo L.
Cancer mortality and congenital anomalies in a region of Italy with intense environmental pressure due to waste
Waste management in the Campania region has been characterised, since the 1980s, by widespread uncontrolled and illegal practices of waste dumping, generating concerns over the health implications. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible adverse health effects of such environmental pressure. The health effects of waste-related environmental exposures in Campania were assessed in 196 municipalities of the provinces of Naples and Caserta. Poisson regression was used to analyse the association between health outcomes and environmental contamination due to waste. Statistically significant excess relative risks (ERR) in high-index compared with low-index (unexposed) municipalities were found for all-cause mortality (9.2% in men and 12.4% in women) and liver cancer (19.3% in men and 29.1% in women). Increased risks were also found for all cancer mortality (both sexes), stomach and lung cancer (in men). Statistically significant ERRs were found for congenital anomalies of the internal urogenital system (82.7%) and of the central nervous system (83.5%). Implications of these findings are discussed.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 2009, Vol.66, No.11, p.725-732. Illus. 39 ref.

CIS 11-0225 Carradori E., Cutaia L., Mastino G.
Industrial waste management: Environmental and economic impact of waste produced by major accident hazard industries
Impatto ambientale ed economico della gestione dei rifiuti industriali prodotti da aziende a rischio di incidente rilevante [en italiano]
This paper presents a research project on the cost-benefits analysis of industrial waste storage and/or disposal in Italy, with particular emphasis on the industries regulated by Decree No. 334/99 (Implementation of Council Directive 96/82/EC on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous substances) and its socioeconomic impact. The objective of the project was to provide indications and assessments for the optimization of reusing/recycling industrial waste to reduce the financial and environmental costs of its management and disposal.
Prevenzione oggi, July-Dec 2009, Vol.5, No.3/4, p.53-72. Illus. 24 ref.
Impatto_ambientale.pdf [en italiano]
Industrial_waste_management.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 09-1324 Meo S.A., Al-Drees A.M., Rasheed S., Meo I.M., Al-Saadi M.M., Ghani H.A., Alkandari J.R.
Health complaints among subjects involved in oil cleanup operations during oil spillage from a Greek tanker "Tasman Spirit"
This case-control study aimed at investigating health complaints among 50 healthy, non-smoking male workers subjects involved in oil cleanup operations during a spillage from an oil tanker, compared to an age-matched group of unexposed nonsmoking male controls. Participants were evaluated by means of a comprehensive interview. Subjects involved in oil cleanup operations had significantly higher rates than controls of cough, rhinitis, eye irritation, sore throat, headache, nausea and general illness. Implications of these findings are discussed.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 2nd quarter 2009, Vol.22, No.2, p.143-148. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 09-651 Feige-Munzig A., Schneeweiss A., Fuchs B.
Construction work in existing structures - Work in contaminated areas
Bauen im Betsand - Arbeiten in kontaminierten Bereichen [en alemán]
During construction work in potentially-contaminated existing structures, owners are required to conduct an evaluation of the risk of exposure to dangerous substances and to plan the safety of the construction sites. This article summarizes the main legal requirements applicable to this sector of activity in Germany.
Tiefbau, Feb. 2009, Vol.121, No.2, p.77-81. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 09-427 Parent-Massin D.
Principles for the evaluation of chemical hazards in food safety
Principes d'évaluation du risque chimique en sécurité alimentaire [en francés]
When evaluating toxicological risks in the food industry, consumer safety has to be evaluated solely on the basis of animal studies for daily lifelong consumption. Hazards are often identified after the fact, following cases of mass poisoning. Furthermore, it can prove difficult to establish correlations between the increased incidence of a specific pathology and the exposure of the population to a toxic substance through food ingestion. For substances and food items subject to approval, guidelines established by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) which imply the specification of a daily permissible level (DPL), need to be followed. With respect to food contaminants such as mycotoxins, reliable toxicological studies that would allow the definition of a no-effect dose level are not always available. Consumer exposure therefore needs to be evaluated as precisely as possible.
Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 1st Quarter 2009, No.162, 7p. 13 ref.

2008

CIS 12-0071 Miller A.
Environmental wake-up call
This article discusses some of the challenges and opportunities generated by environmental protection and sustainability responsibility issues, how they are being addressed by various organizations and how safety and health professionals can ensure that they are suitably informed to respond.
Safety and Health Practitioner, Aug. 2008, p.68-70. Illus. 5 ref.
Environmental_wake-up_call_[INTERNET_FREE_ACCESS] [en inglés]

CIS 11-0686 Smith G., Fairburn J.
Updating and improving the National Population Database to National Population Database 2
In 2004, Staffordshire University delivered the National Population Database (NPD) for use in estimating populations at risk under the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (COMAH, see CIS 06-515). In 2006 an assessment was presented to HSE concerning the updating and potential improvements to the NPD. In 2008, the implementation of the feasibility report led to the creation of National Population Database 2 which both updated and expanded the datasets contained in the original NPD. This report describes the work undertaken for updating the population database.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2008. viii, 62p. Illus. Bibl.ref.
RR_678.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 11-0684 McGillivray A., Hare J.
Offshore hydrocarbon releases 2001-2008
The United Kingdom offshore industry employs about 28,000 personnel involved in a wide range of activities. Increases in oil prices, declining reserves and an ageing infrastructure have resulted in increased drilling activity around marginal fields. Despite HSE's Major Hazards Strategic Programme Plan aimed at reducing the number of major and significant releases, recent years have witnessed an increase in their number. The objective of this study was to identify the immediate cause of hydrocarbon leaks, and determine if there are discernible reasons for the increasing trends. Two databases currently used by HSE when dealing with offshore releases were utilized, namely the Hydrocarbon Release (HCR) and RIDDOR (see CIS 95-1930) databases. Cross-referencing between the two catalogs yielded detailed information including platform location, release size and type, as well as possible failure causes including structural limitations, system and equipment faults as well as failings in procedural and operational methods.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2008. x, 68p. Illus. 6 ref.
RR_672.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 10-0687 Stathopoulos T., Bodhisatta H., Bahloul A.
Analytical evaluation of dispersion of exhaust from rooftop stacks on buildings
The occasional introduction of polluting emissions into buildings by fresh air intakes is one of the main causes of the poor air quality in some workplaces, which can have harmful effects on people's health, particularly those who work in laboratories or hospital establishments. Computer models are commonly used to determine whether existing or expected industrial installations comply or will comply with the American National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) or the standards of other countries. These models also promote the development of effective control strategies for reducing emissions of harmful atmospheric pollutants. This report evaluated the use of the various atmospheric dispersion models approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to model the dispersion of stack effluents in order to determine their concentration at various locations on the roofs where they originate. The results were compared to those obtained in a wind tunnel and in the field. An assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the dispersion models is provided, according to each configuration, and the one best adapted to each situation is proposed.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2008. ix, 71p. Illus. 46 ref. Price: CAD 10.50. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
Report_R-576.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 09-633 Codron R., Alcouffe J., Rosenberg N., Andrieu F., Cretté A., Hess C., Le Boedec C., Montéléon P.Y.
Exploratory survey on "atmospheric pollutants" in a water treatment and supply enterprise
Enquête exploratoire "polluants atmosphériques" dans une entreprise de traitement et de distribution de l'eau [en francés]
The aim of this study was to compare clinical respiratory criteria among workers of a water treatment plant potentially exposed to hydrogen sulfide, gaseous chlorine, ozone or sulfur dioxide from bisulfites with those of workers considered to be occupationally unexposed. Data were collected by means of anonymous questionnaires and respiratory function tests. Among the 199 subjects, 29 reported having been accidentally exposed to hydrogen sulfide, 41 to gaseous chlorine, 15 to ozone and three to bisulfites; 34 declared one or two accidental exposures and 34 to more than two. No associations were found between potential exposures to the four atmospheric pollutants studied and clinical criteria and respiratory function, except for the sensation of burning nose. Other findings are discussed.
Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 2008, Vol.48, No.3, p.249-258. 10 ref.

CIS 09-402 Uso de dispersantes en derrames de hidrocarburos
Dispersants have long been used in cases of hydrocarbon spills. Their formulations are designed to ensure a rapid and safe mitigation of important environmental damage. This article presents the key elements of a guide aimed at persons responsible for decision-making in cases of hydrocarbon spills, so as to enable them to make prompt and informed decisions. Main topics addressed: mode of action of dispersants; questions that one must ask oneself when deciding to use or not to use dispersants; equipment for the spraying of dispersants; aircraft used for spraying; relevant Colombian legislation.
Protección y seguridad, Sep.-Oct. 2008, Vol.54, No.321, p.63-73. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 09-399 Urueña Romero D.G.
Fuentes y liberaciones de dioxinas y furanos
The Stockholm Convention is an international agreement negotiated under the auspices of the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), whose purpose is to provide the legal grounds for the urgent elimination of persistent organic compounds, including dioxins and furans. The Convention was adopted into Colombian legislation in June 2008. This insert summarizes the current situation in Colombia with respect to the sources and emissions of dioxins and furans. Contents: technical information on dioxins and furans; conditions that give rise to the formation of PCDD and PCDF; emissions of PCDD and PCDF; situation with respect to dioxins and furans in Colombia; main categories and sub-categories of sources and emissions of PCDD and PCDF in Colombia; compliance with the obligations under the Convention.
Protección Integral y Contra Incendios, 4th quarter 2008, Vol.20, No.80, 4p. Insert. 2 ref.

CIS 09-308 González Domínguez M.E., Rueda Ygueravide M.D., Gutiérrez Fernández D., Gómez Gutiérrez J.M., León Jiménez A., Pérez Álvarez J.
Exposición a contaminantes ambientales y patología respiratoria
This investigation was carried out following an outbreak of five cases of respiratory symptoms among workers of an aerospace industry in Spain exposed to various chemicals. Measurements included airborne aluminium dust, trichloroethylene and ethylene glycol. Workers were subjected to skin tests, blood tests, chest radiography, spirometry, metacholine challenge tests and electrocardiography. The peak-flow measurement and the direct bronchial hyperactivity test using metacholine were negative. The allergic tests performed were also generally negative. These findings practically exclude work-related asthma. These cases may have been caused by a reactive airways dysfunction syndrome having occurred at a specific moment before the investigation was carried out. Further implications of these findings are discussed.
Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, 4th quarter 2008, Vol.54, No.213, p.41-46. 12 ref.
http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/mesetra/v54n213/original3.pdf [en español]

CIS 09-292 Carder M., McNamee R., Beverland I., Elton R., Van Tongeren M., Cohen G.R., Boyd J., MacNee W., Agius R.M.
Interacting effects of particulate pollution and cold temperature on cardiorespiratory mortality in Scotland
In this study Poisson regression models were used to investigate the relationship between lagged black smoke concentration and daily mortality, and whether the effect of black smoke on cardiorespiratory mortality was modified by cold temperature for three Scottish cities from January 1981 to December 2001. For all-cause respiratory and non-cardiorespiratory mortality, there was a significant association between mortality and lagged black smoke concentration. Generally the maximum black smoke effect occurred at lag 0, although these estimates were not statistically significant. A 10µg/m3 increase in the daily mean black smoke concentration on any given day was associated with a 1.68% increase in all-cause mortality and a 0.43%, 5.36% and 2.13% increase in cardiovascular, respiratory and non-cardiorespiratory mortality, respectively, over the ensuing 30-day period. The results of this study suggest a greater effect of black smoke on mortality at low temperatures. Since extremes of cold and particulate pollution may coexist, for example during temperature inversion, these results may have important public health implications.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2008, Vol.65, No.3, p.197-204. Illus. 34 ref.

CIS 09-392 Wennig R.
Historical review of major environmental accidents involving chemicals
Histoire des catastrophes environnementales d'origine chimique [en francés]
A first part of this article presents a concise overview of the 100 or so major chemical accidents having occurred since the beginning of the 20th century. Some 45 major accidents are next reviewed in more detail, with data on the extent, causes and victims. The toxicology of the products involved, together with the epidemiological and ecotoxicological implications are provided for each accident.
Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 4th Quarter 2008, No.161, 21p. 119 ref.

CIS 09-137 Braconnier R., Chaineaux C., Triolet J., Fontaine J.R., Sallé B.
Measurement of volatile liquid evaporation rates in work environments
Mesures du flux d'évaporation de liquides volatils dans des ambiances de travail [en francés]
This article presents results of an experimental study on volatile liquid evaporation from an open surface in contact with air. Measurements were taken under conditions similar to situations which can arise in workplaces. Mass flow rates were found to vary widely, depending on the type of volatile liquid, the surface air velocity and the temperature. Study results are compared with those provided by forecasting formulae available in the literature.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 2008, No.212, p.61-71. Illus. 23 ref.
http://www.hst.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/HST_ND%202296/$File/nd2296.pdf [en francés]

CIS 09-136 Galland B., Carvalho V., Martin P.
Assessment of photoionization detectors integrated into portable multi-gas detectors
Evaluation des détecteurs à photo-ionisation embarqués dans les détecteurs de gaz portables multigaz [en francés]
This article describes laboratory tests on photoionization detectors (PIDs) integrated into portable multi-gas detectors, the purpose being to demonstrate the usefulness of these instruments in occupational hygiene. The performance characteristics of these PIDs (sensitivity, linearity, response time, etc.) were determined using a polluted atmosphere generating system. The laboratory test results reveal that these detectors are particularly advantageous for preventing occupational risks, particularly for monitoring pollutant concentration levels and for developing a sampling strategy. However, they cannot perform all the functions normally fulfilled by more sophisticated PIDs, such as exposure profile plotting or installation gas leak detection.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 2008, No.212, p.19-28. Illus. 10 ref.
http://www.hst.fr/inrs-pub/inrs01.nsf/IntranetObject-accesParReference/HST_ND%202293/$File/nd2293.pdf [en francés]

CIS 09-135 Thaller E I., Petronella S.A., Hochman D., Howard S., Chhikara R.S., Brooks E.G.
Moderate increases in ambient PM2.5 and ozone are associated with lung function decreases in beach lifeguards
The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to pollutants would adversely affect the lung function of healthy athletes. Pulmonary function was recorded on beach lifeguards at three different times during the day. Daily and average peak pollutant levels were also measured. Data were subjected to statistical evaluation. Afternoon forced vital capacity (FVC) and one-second forced expired volume (FEV1) decreased significantly compared with morning values and decreased with increasing fine particulates (PM2.5). The FEV1/FVC ratio decreased with increasing ozone (O3) levels. The deleterious effect of PM2.5 and O3 were transient and occurred at pollutant levels far below national standards. At low levels of exposure, PM2.5 was associated with reduced lung volumes, while increasing O3 levels were associated with airway obstruction.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 2008, Vol.50, No.2, p.202-211. Illus. 40 ref.

CIS 09-147 Brook R.D., Jerrett M., Brook J.R., Bard R.L., Finkelstein M.M.
The relationship between diabetes mellitus and traffic-related air pollution
Air pollution is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events. Several of the biological pathways involved could also promote diabetes mellitus (DM). This study investigated the association between DM prevalence and exposure to traffic-related air pollution (nitrogen dioxide, NO2). Study participants were patients who attended two respiratory clinics in Canada. Those among them with DM were identified by linkage to the database of the Ontario Health Insurance Plan. Geographic information systems methodology was used to assign individual estimates of NO2 based on a network of samplers in each city. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relations between NO2 exposures and the odds of DM. After adjusting for age, body mass index and neighborhood income, there were weak positive effects in women (odds ratio 1.04) but not among men.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 2008, Vol.50, No.1, p.32-38. Illus. 45 ref.

CIS 08-828 Hoffmann W., Terschüeren C., Heimpel H., Feller A., Butte W., Hostrup O., Richardson D., Greiser E.
Population-based research on occupational and environmental factors for leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the Northern Germany Leukemia and Lymphoma Study (NLL)
The Northern Germany Leukaemia and Lymphoma Study is a population-based study designed to provide a quantitative basis for investigations into occupational and environmental risk factors for leukaemia and lymphoma. Subjects include all incident cases of leukaemia and lymphoma diagnosed between 1986 and 1998 in six counties in Northern Germany, together with controls selected from population registries. Self-reported exposure information was used in conjunction with direct environmental measurements. In addition, geographical information system (GIS) data were used to derive estimates of environmental exposure to pesticides, electromagnetic fields associated with transmission lines, and ionizing radiation from nuclear power stations. Findings can be used to calculate risk factors in subsequent studies.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 2008, Vol.51, No.4, p.246-257. 40 ref.

2007

CIS 09-146 Chuang K.J., Chan C.C., Su T.C., Lin L.Y., Lee C.T.
Associations between particulate sulfate and organic carbon exposures and heart rate variability in patients with or at risk of cardiovascular diseases
To determine whether specific components in fine particles are associated with heart rate variability (HRV), 46 patients with or at risk of cardiovascular diseases were recruited to measure 24-hour HRV by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. Fixed-site air-monitoring stations were used to represent participants' exposures to particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 10µm (PM10) and 2.5µm (PM2.5), and particulate components of sulfate, nitrate, organic carbon and elemental carbon, and gaseous pollutants. It was found that HRV reduction was associated with sulfate, organic carbon and PM2.5, but not with the other pollutants in single-pollutant models. Sulfate was found to remain in significant association with HRV reduction adjusting for organic carbon and PM2.5 in three-pollutant models.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2007, Vol.49, No.6, p.610-617. Illus. 42 ref.

CIS 08-1209 Cyprowski M., Piotrowska M., Żakowska Z., Szadkowska-Stańczyk I.
Microbial and endotoxin contamination of water-soluble metalworking fluids
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of microbial contamination of metalworking fluids as a potential source of harmful biological agents in three metalworking plants in Poland. Ten samples of fluids, including four fresh fluids, were analyzed. The analysis showed total bacterial counts ranging from 1.0x101 to 3.2x107 CFU/mL, 60% to 100% of which were Gram-negative bacteria capable of producing endotoxins. The predominant species of bacteria was Shewanella putrefaciens present in 60% of the samples. As for moulds, the predominant species was Acremonium butyric. The average concentration of bacterial endotoxins was 773 EU/mL in used fluids and 285 EU/mL in fresh fluids. A correlation was found between endotoxin concentration and the number of Gram-negative bacteria detected in the fluids. Other findings are discussed.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 4th Quarter 2007, Vol.20, No.4, p.365-371. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 08-1120 Delgado Saborit J.M.
La medida del riesgo ambiental
This article describes a new method for evaluating the effects of enterprise activities on the natural environment. It includes an evaluation of the risks of environmental hazards using environmental factors (toxicity, volatility, bio-concentration, adsorption, biodegradability, synergies). This analysis, together with the use of various scenarios, enables the determination of the two main constituents of environmental hazards, namely environmental consequences and the probability of occurrence of accidents.
Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2007, Vol.27, No.107, p.50-63. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 08-757 Ettel S., Winkler M., Zellner R.
Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals (BUA)
Emissions of selected hydrocarbons from uses of liquid fuels for combustion engines and heating in Germany
Emmissionen ausgewählter Kohlenwasserstoffe aus Anwendungen flüssiger Kraft- und Brennstoffe im Verkehrswesen, im Off-Road-Bereich und in der Wärmeerzeugung in Deutschland [en alemán]
This criteria document investigates the emissions of selected hydrocarbons through spillage and evaporation losses, and in exhaust gases as the result of incomplete combustion from liquid fuels in road, railroad, inland waterways and aircraft traffic, in other types of off-road engines and in heating. The analysis covered the period between 1990 and 2010 in Germany. The selected compounds are: buta-1,3-diene, pentane, cyclohexane, 2,4,4-trimethypent-1-ene, 2,4,4-trimethypent-2-ene, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, styrene, cumene, mesitylene, tert-butyl benzene, tetrahydronaphthalene, naphthalene, 2-methyl naphthalene, 1-methyl naphthalene and 2,6-dimethyl naphthalene.
S. Hirzel Verlag, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany, 2007. xix, 196p. (German); 139+38p. (English). 78 ref. Price: EUR 60.00.

CIS 08-897 Concawe Review 16:2
Topics addressed in this review of CONCAWE activities: future demand and composition of fuels for road transport, including biofuels; software tool to assist enterprises comply with the information dissemination requirements of the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register Regulation (E-PRTR); challenges in accurate measurements of particulate matter (PM10) in diesel emissions; assessing the environmental sensitivity of petrol stations across Europe with respect to leaks and groundwater protection.
CONCAWE Review, 2007, Vol.16, No.2. p.1-21 (whole issue). Illus.

CIS 08-852 Phoon W.O., Parekh R.
Occupational and environmental health - A practical manual
This book comprehensively covers the health impact of man's interaction with his environment and occupation. Through eight chapters, it provides an understanding of the most important environmental and health issues. Many examples are drawn from developing countries in areas such as construction, agriculture and issues related to women workers. Other topics addressed include genetic factors in occupational health, addictions, behavioral aspects, occupational stress, shift work and sickness absenteeism.
Bhalani Publishing House, 11 Mavawala Building, Opp. K.E.M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India, 2007. viii, 376p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index.

CIS 08-184 Pérez Suárez R.
Beneficios de una gestión integral ambiental y de repuesta mediante centros de atención de emergencias
En caso de vertido de hidrocarburos, una respuesta rápida permite limitar los daños medioambientales provocados. Este artículo explica las funciones de los centros de intervención urgente, que integran un modelo preactivo, y la manera en que deberían organizarse para lograr una efectividad máxima. Dichos centros deberían contar con sistemas integrados que dispongan de una cadena de apoyo logístico con responsabilidades claramente definidas y competencias en campos especializados, debiendo trabajar como un equipo pluridisciplinario. Su personal tendría que haber recibido formación especial en materia de ciencias del mar, ingeniería de seguridad, biología, geología y oceanografía
Protección y seguridad, July-Aug.2007, Vol.53, No.314, p.60-61. Illus.

CIS 08-158 Control de gestión de la seguridad en los derrames
Este artículo está basado en un informe del IPIECA titulado ¿Líneas directoras para la minimización y la gestión de los derrames de hidrocarburos¿. Explica las consecuencias de las diferentes técnicas de limpieza de los lugares contaminados por vertidos y presenta las mejores prácticas de entre las opciones disponibles para la gestión de los vertidos de hidrocarburos, muy reglamentada en numerosos países. En el sumario: plan de seguridad y salud del lugar; comunicación y recopilación de información sobre seguridad; evaluación de los riesgos; seguridad química en relación con el producto vertido y el agente utilizado para la limpieza; inflamabilidad; vapores explosivos; sulfuro de hidrógeno; déficit de oxígeno; ambiente resbaladizo; material utilizado para el control del aire y mantenimiento de los archivos; utilización de equipos de protección individual para evitar todo contacto de los hidrocarburos con la piel; productos químicos y agentes limpiadores utilizados para la limpieza
Protección y seguridad, July-Aug.2007, Vol.53, No.314, p.52-59. Illus.

CIS 07-1373 Anastasiadou K., Gidarakos E.
Evaluación de la toxicidad en la amplia región de una mina de amianto del norte de Grecia
Toxicity evaluation for the broad area of the asbestos mine of northern Greece [en inglés]
En este estudio se ha evaluado la calidad medioambiental de una mina de amianto a cielo abierto en el norte de Grecia en el curso de un periodo de doce años (1993-2005) mediante la medición y supervisión de la concentración de fibras de amianto en el aire, el terreno y el agua. Asimismo, se han efectuado mediciones en los pueblos vecinos. La explotación de la mina cesó en el año 2000. Los niveles de amianto crisotilo eran inferiores a los que existían en los mismos lugares cuando la mina estaba en explotación, pero aun así seguían estando altos. Estos trabajos han permitido definir un marco fiable para calcular el riesgo que representa la mina para las regiones vecinas y facilitar la elaboración de un plan de rehabilitación del lugar. Además, se han utilizado modelos matemáticos, basados en estudios sobre seres humanos y sobre animales, para calcular la probabilidad de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón por respirar aire en un perímetro amplio de la mina, con el fin de definir los procedimientos adecuados para la evaluación del riesgo relacionado con el amianto
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Jan. 2007, Vol.139, No.1, p.9-18. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 07-1385 Baverstock S., Gennart J.P., King D., Money C., Phillips R., Taalman R., Urbanus J.
Informe sobre un taller de trabajo dedicado al medio ambiente y la salud: necesidades en materia de investigación sobre la calidad del aire incluido en el 7º programa -marco de la Unión Europea sobre investigación, 15-16 de enero de 2007
Report of a workshop on environment and health: Air quality research needs in the EU 7th Framework Programme of Research, 15-16 January 2007 [en inglés]
Informe de una conferencia sobre las necesidades en materia de investigación sobre calidad del aire, celebrada en Bruselas, los días 15 y 16 de enero de 2007, organizada en colaboración con la Dirección General de Investigación de la Unión Europea. Los fines de esta conferencia eran promover un modelo multidisciplinario para la identificación de las necesidades en materia de investigación, servir como foro de intercambio internacional y ofrecer a los participantes la posibilidad de señalar las lagunas, con el fin de poner de manifiesto las líneas maestras de investigaciones futuras. Entre los temas tratados figuran los estudios de mortalidad y morbilidad de la población europea, el impacto de las emisiones del tráfico rodado sobre la salud pública, el descubrimiento de los mecanismos de la acción toxica, el desarrollo de pruebas de cribado diagnóstico de toxicidad y el impacto del tamaño de las partículas sobre la salud humana. En un CD-ROM anexo se aportan (en formato PDF) las actas y la documentacion completa de la conferencia
CONCAWE, Boulevard du Souverain 165, 1160 Brussels, Belgium, May 2007. iv, 28p. + CD-ROM
http://www.concawe.org/DocShareNoFrame/Common/GetFile.asp?PortalSource=156&DocID=11743&mfd=off&pdoc=1/ [en inglés]

2006

CIS 08-847 Ferguson E., Cassaday H.J., Ward J., Weyman A.
Health and Safety Executive
Triggers for non-specific symptoms in the workplace: Individual differences, stress and environmental (odour and sound) factors
Non-specific symptoms are not related to any given disease and include fatigue, weakness, sleep difficulties, headache and muscle aches. They have a high reported incidence and result in high rates of sickness absenteeism. The objective of this study was to identify factors related to the work environment, characteristics of individual workers, external factors and physiological factors that contribute to reporting non-specific symptoms. It was carried out in the form of a survey of a cross-sectional sample of 711 volunteer participants, who answered questionnaires on their symptoms and work environment. A sub-group of volunteers furthermore submitted daily diary entries and saliva samples, which were analysed for cortisol and immunoglobulin-A secretion. Key findings are that non-specific symptoms are related to odour perceptions, the time of day, individual differences, particularly with respect to anxiety, perceived stress and job demand/control imbalance.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2006. 110p. Illus. Approx 120 ref.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr501.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 07-817 Sagot F.
Descontaminación de suelos, atención, peligro!
Dépollution des sols, attention danger! [en francés]
Este dossier trata de la descontaminación de suelos, actividad que esta experimentando un rápido crecimiento por razón de la escasez de suelo, lo que induce a los promotores inmobiliarios a interesarse por antiguas zonas industriales. En el sumario: situación actual; comentarios del vicepresidente de la unión profesional de empresas francesas de descontaminación de terrenos; riesgos relacionados con los diversos tipos de tratamiento y su prevención; comentarios del director de una empresa de descontaminación; reglas que deben observarse en una obra típica; medidas de protección adoptadas por una empresa encargada de la descontaminación de un terreno que sufrió una contaminación ilegal salvaje, con presencia de solventes
Prévention BTP, Dec. 2006, No.91, p.39-47. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 07-885 Jousserand S.
Contaminación accidental en la industria papelera
Les pollutions accidentelles dans l'industrie papetière [en francés]
Los accidentes en la industria del papel y el cartón provocan, en uno de cada tres casos, vertidos al medio ambiente de líquidos contaminantes o tóxicos que afectan a las aguas superficiales o subterráneas. A titulo de ejemplo, tras el incendio de los transformadores de una fábrica de papel, fue preciso realizar trabajos de descontaminación por causa de la emisión de dioxinas y de furanos. Entre los 287 accidentes ocurridos en Francia en este sector, de acuerdo con los registros de la base de datos ARIA, 83 de ellos se tradujeron en vertidos al agua de sustancias peligrosas, 29 en vertidos a la atmósfera y 9 en vertidos en el suelo. Este artículo resume los principales tipos de accidentes y las principales consecuencias, muestra algunos ejemplos descriptivos de accidentes, obtenidos de la base de datos, y hace hincapié en la importancia de que existan dispositivos de retención
Face au risque, Dec. 2006, No.428, p.21-24. Illus.

CIS 07-579 Ghasemkhani M., Kumashiro M., Rezaei M., Anvari A.R., Mazloumi A., Sadeghipour H.R.
Prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios entre trabajadores de industrias del sur de Teherán, Irán
Prevalence of respiratory symptoms among workers in industries of South Tehran, Iran [en inglés]
Este estudio transversal tenía como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de sintomatología respiratoria derivada de riesgos pulmonares entre los trabajadores de la región industrial del Sur de Teherán, Irán. Mediante un muestreo en varias etapas realizado sobre los trabajadores, se recopilaron datos relativos a las características demográficas, el tabaquismo, los antecedentes profesionales y los síntomas respiratorios. De los 880 individuos estudiados, 252 eran fumadores. Además, se observó que los trabajadores estaban expuestos a contaminantes en forma de polvos, gases o humos. La prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios era de un 20,7% para la tos, de un 41,6% para la expectoración, de un 41,7% para la disnea, de un 27,4% para la opresión torácica y de un 23,5% para la irritación nasal. Se concluye que la exposición profesional de los trabajadores de la región industrial del Sur de Teherán puede que esté en el origen de síntomas y procesos respiratorios. Se proponen diversas medidas de prevención técnica y de higiene industrial.
Industrial Health, Apr. 2006, Vol.44, No.2, p.218-224. 27 ref.
http://www.jniosh.go.jp/old/niih/en/indu_hel/2006/pdf/indhealth_44_2_218.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 07-618 Tovalin H., Valverde M., Morandi M.T., Blanco S., Whitehead L., Rojas E.
Alteraciones de ADN entre personas que trabajan al aire libre, expuestas a contaminantes atmosféricos
DNA damage in outdoor workers occupationally exposed to environmental air pollutants [en inglés]
La salud de las personas que trabajan al aire libre en las ciudades de países en desarrollo, donde el nivel de contaminación ambiental es particularmente alto, es motivo de preocupación. Estos trabajadores están especialmente expuestos a sustancias cancerígenas y genotóxicas. El presente estudio se ha realizado para evaluar la relación entre la exposición individual a compuestos orgánicos volátiles, a partículas de productos con diámetro medio =2.5µm (PM2,5) y al ozono, y las alteraciones del ADN en las personas que trabajan al aire libre en dos localidades mejicanas. En 55 individuos que trabajaban al aire libre, en el extrarradio o en el interior de las ciudades de Méjico y Puebla, se evaluaron las alteraciones del ADN (test cometa) y la exposición individual. Entre las personas que trabajaban en el extrarradio, las alteraciones del ADN, reflejadas por una cadena más larga, eran superiores a las de las personas que trabajaban en el interior de las ciudades. La magnitud de las alteraciones cromosómicas estaba correlacionada positivamente con la exposición a PM2,5 y al ozono. Los trabajadores en los que la proporción de células muy alteradas era =60% estaban significativamente mas expuestos a los PM2,5, al ozono y a ciertos compuestos orgánicos volátiles, como el etil-1 metil-2 benceno.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 2006, Vol.63, No.4, p.230-236. Illus. 40 ref.

CIS 07-165 Carpenter D.O., et al.
Salud medioambiental de los niños en Asia y Oriente Medio.
Children's environmental health in Central Asia and the Middle East [en inglés]
Los niños, en Asia Central y en Oriente Medio, están expuestos a amenazas para su salud desproporcionadas, de las que las más habituales y las más graves derivan de la pobreza, la malnutrición, la ausencia de agua potable y de alimentos de calidad, y la exposición a productos tóxicos. Su salud psicológica se ve amenazada en diversas zonas de esta región a causa de los conflictos y guerras internas. Muchos de estos niños, si no la mayoría, están regularmente expuestos al tabaquismo pasivo. En bastantes de estos países, los niños representan el porcentaje más alto de la población. Como quiera que los niños representan el futuro, es de suma importancia luchar contra las amenazas que pesan sobre su salud y ver la mejor manera de reducirlas.
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct.-Dec. 2006, Vol.12, No.4, p.362-368. Illus. 60 ref.
http://www.ijoeh.com/pfds/IJOEH_1204_Carpenter.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 07-169 Hurtado J., Gonzales G.F., Steenland K.
Exposición al mercurio entre los mineros de pequeñas minas de oro y sus parientes, en la región meridional de Perú.
Mercury exposures in informal gold miners and relatives in southern Peru [en inglés]
Se ha realizado un estudio sobre individuos que trabajaban o residían en la proximidad de puntos de explotación y de tratamiento minero informales, en Perú, a fin de establecer las exposiciones a mercurio durante la realización de dos tareas: la preparación y la fundición de amalgamas. Los autores han efectuado 17 muestreos ambientales y 41 determinaciones de mercurio en orina. Los niveles medios en orina eran de 728 (comprendidos entre 321-1662) y 113 (45-197)µg/L en los individuos que trabajaban en las fundiciones o residían cerca de las mismas, respectivamente. Las personas que vivían en el pueblo minero pero que no trabajaban en la mina presentaron concentraciones de 8µg/L (5-10), mientras que los resultados para los individuos del grupo de control, que vivían fuera del pueblo, fueron de 4 µg/L (2-6). La exposición media al mercurio ambiental era de 2.423 µg/m3 (530-4.430) durante el fundido, 30,5 µg/m3 (12-55) durante la amalgama y 12 µg/m3 en el pueblo minero. Los mineros están altamente contaminados por mercurio, al igual que las personas que residen en las proximidades de las instalaciones.
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct.-Dec. 2006, Vol.12, No.4, p.340-345. Illus. 25 ref.
http://www.ijoeh.com/pfds/IJOEH_1204_Hurtado.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 07-179 Lavoie J., Beaudet Y., Létourneau C., Godbout S., Lemay S., Belzile M., Lachance I., Pouliot F.
Evaluación de la calidad del aire en porquerizas equipadas con un sistema de separación liquido-sólido de los excrementos.
Evaluation de la qualité de l'air dans les porcheries équipées d'un système de séparation liquide-solide des déjections [en francés]
Este proyecto consiste en la evaluación de un sistema de separación de las deyecciones sólidas y liquidas, en una porqueriza, desde el punto de vista de su impacto sobre los olores, las emisiones de gases tóxicos y la formación de bioaerosoles. Se realizaron muestreos del aire dos veces por semana a lo largo de 16 semanas, y se determinaron las concentraciones de los siguientes contaminantes: bacterias, mohos, endotoxinas, amoníaco, metano, sulfuro de hidrógeno y óxido nitroso. Otros datos obtenidos incluían las determinaciones del los débitos del sistema de ventilación, así como una evaluación subjetiva del olor. Se comentan los resultados. Se observó que la separación tenía escasos efectos, excepto en la reducción a la mitad de las emisiones de amoníaco.
Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal (Quebec) H3A 3C2, Canada, 2006. iv, 35p. Illus. 41 ref. Price: CAD 5.30. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/files/documents/PubIRSST/R-460.pdf [en francés]

CIS 07-202 Consecuencias medioambientales del accidente de Tchernobyl y medidas de descontaminación: veinte años de experiencia.
Environmental consequences of the Chernobyl accident and their remediation: Twenty years of experience [en inglés]
La explosión que tuvo lugar en la central nuclear de Tchernobyl en 1986 se acompañó de una contaminación radioactiva sin precedentes, con consecuencias nefastas para las personas y el medio ambiente. Aunque el accidente se produjo hace 20 años, el impacto real del desastre todavía es motivo de controversia. Por ello, la AIEA ha constituido en 2003, en colaboración con otras agencias y autoridades, el Foro de Tchernobyl. Este foro tiene como misión generar opiniones consensuadas y autorizadas acerca de los efectos medioambientales y sobre la salud atribuibles a la exposición a las radiaciones derivadas del accidente, emitir consejos sobre la rehabilitación de las zonas contaminadas e indicar los campos en que se precisaría realizar trabajos de investigación. Este informe reagrupa las observaciones y recomendaciones del Foro de Tchernobyl relativos a los efectos medioambientales del accidente.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Wien, Austria, 2006. 166p. Illus. Bibl ref. Price: EUR 38.00. Downloadable version free of charge.
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1239_web.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 06-1192 Constans Aubert A., Bultó Nubiola M.
Protección de la capa de ozono: aspectos legales
Esta nota informativa presenta una síntesis de la legislación europea y española relativa a la producción, la utilización y la eliminación de sustancias que contribuyen a la depleción de la capa de ozono, especialmente los clorofluorocarburos, los halones y los bromofluorohidrocarburos.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2006. 6p.
http://www.mtas.es//insht/ntp/ntp_706.htm [en español]

CIS 06-801 Andruchow J.E., Soskolne C.L., Racioppi F., Senthilselvan A., Makhmudov E., Asadov A.
Incidencia de cáncer y mortalidad en la ciudad industrial de Sumgayit, en Azerbaijan.
Cancer incidence and mortality in the industrial city of Sumgayit, Azerbaijan [en inglés]
Este estudio es el primero sobre el cáncer medioambiental en Azerbaijan. Se ha realizado a instancia de los habitantes de la ciudad de Sumgayit, preocupados por los riesgos de aumento del numero de cánceres consecutivos a la intensa contaminación del ambiente laboral y del medio ambiente, por causa de la actividad industrial. Al parecer, en Sumgayit existe un mayor numero de cánceres. Sin embargo, la mala calidad de los datos y la sospecha de subdeclaración hace que no sea posible establecer estimaciones exactas de incidencia de cáncer o de tasas de mortalidad. Convendría comenzar por confeccionar un registro moderno de cáncer para, seguidamente, proceder a un examen más detallado de esta enfermedad en el país. [Resumen en ingles proporcionado por la revista]
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 2006, Vol.12, No.3, p.234-241. Illus. 23 ref.
http://www.ijoeh.com/pfds/IJOEH_1203_Andruchow.pdf [en inglés]

CIS 06-909 Spiegel S.J., Savornin O., Shoko D., Veiga M.M.
Reducción del mercurio en Munhena, en Mozambique: soluciones caseras y contexto social de un cambio.
Mercury reduction in Munhena, Mozambique: Homemade solutions and the social context for change [en inglés]
Las repercusiones sanitarias y medioambientales de la minería del oro artesanal en Munhena, Mozambique, donde más de 12.000 personas practican esta actividad, son motivo de creciente preocupación. El oro es extraído mediante amalgamación con mercurio, proceso que constituye un riesgo considerable para la salud humana y para el medio ambiente. Existe un proyecto piloto dirigido a estudiar la posibilidad de reducir la utilización de mercurio y sus emisiones, promoviendo la utilización de recursos locales. Las retortas estan construidas con materiales locales. Se han organizado talleres para dar a conocer los nuevos útiles y los controles efectuados, lográndose una reducción efectiva de las concentraciones de mercurio. Estas retortas poco costosas son eficaces y los mineros pueden beneficiarse de esta técnica construyendo centros comunitarios para la amalgamación. El gobierno podría jugar un papel primordial en el comercio del oro, reduciendo la contaminación por el mercurio. [Resumen en inglés suministrado por la revista]
International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 2006, Vol.12, No.3, p.215-221. Illus. 18 ref.
http://www.ijoeh.com/pfds/IJOEH_1203_Spiegel.pdf [en inglés]

2005

CIS 07-1344 Barbosa de Alencar J.R.
Riesgos profesionales derivados de la producción de medicamentos: análisis de una empresa situada en el Nordeste de Brasil
Riscos ocupacionais na fabricação de medicamentos: análise de uma indústria localizada no Nordeste brasileiro [en portugués]
La producción de medicamentos es un complejo proceso industrial que requiere elevadas inversiones en investigación y desarrollo, en quipos de producción, en control de calidad y en formación del personal. Paradójicamente, a pesar de tratarse de un sector tecnológicamente puntero y sometido a exigencias de buenas prácticas de producción (BPP/GMO), la industria farmacéutica es fuente de muchos riesgos, tanto para los trabajadores como para el medio ambiente inmediato. Este artículo presenta las conclusiones de un estudio sobre los riesgos profesionales, realizado internamente por el comité de seguridad y salud laboral de una empresa farmacéutica del Nordeste de Brasil
Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 2005, Vol.30, No.112, p.49-67. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 06-1401 Winder C., van Netten C.
Calidad del aire en la aviación.
Aviation air quality [en inglés]
Número especial dedicado a la calidad del aire en la aviación. En el sumario: resumen de las comunicaciones presentadas con ocasión de una conferencia sobre la lucha contra la contaminación del aire celebrada en Londres en 2005; aspectos políticos de seguridad y salud en la aviación del Reino Unido; neurotoxicidad inducida por los ésteres organofosforados; evaluación de los síntomas encontrados entre el personal de vuelo expuesto a humos en un tipo especifico de aeronave; lesiones pulmonares consecutivas a la inhalación de hidrocarburos entre el personal de vuelo de un tipo especifico de aeronave; evaluación clínica del personal de cabina tras una exposición a humos en el aire de la cabina; investigación en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el sector aeronáutico; prepuesta de mejoras.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 2005, Vol.21, No.5, p.379-383, 397-477. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 06-657 Courtois B., Le Brech A., Diebold F., Lafon D.
Motores diesel y contaminación en espacios cerrados.
Moteurs diesel et pollution en espace confiné [en francés]
La contaminación por los gases de escape de los motores de las potentes maquinas que se utilizan en las minas, las canteras y la manutención puede ser importante en función del lugar, la densidad del trafico y la frecuencia de funcionamiento. Este artículo se centra en los conocimientos actuales al respecto y propone los medios adecuados para limitar los efectos toxicos de diversos contaminantes. Se centra, particularmente, en la maquinaria no de transporte equipada con motores diesel. Asimismo, muestra información acerca de los motores con encendido que poseen algunos vehículos de transporte. Algunas partes pueden también ser útiles para la prevención de la exposición a gases de escape de camiones pesados y vehículos ligeros.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 4th Quarter 2005, No.201, p.45-62. Illus. 59 ref.
http://www.inrs.fr/INRS-PUB/inrs01.nsf/inrs01_search_view_view/E9E95C260B221546412570D8004C498A/$FILE/nd2239.pdf [en francés]

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