Occupational exposure limits - 3,466 entradas encontradas

Sus criterios de búsqueda son

• Occupational exposure limits

1976

CIS 77-763 Mason J.W., Dershin H.
Limits to occupational exposure to chemical environments under novel work schedules.
A mathematical basis is proposed on which to adjust the TLV of solvents exerting systemic effects as a result of tissue concentration (mainly narcotics and anaesthetics) when the work schedule is other than the 40h, 5-day week on which ACGIH TLVs are based. The applicability of the model and its restrictions are discussed.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1976, Vol.18, No.9, p.603-606. 7 ref.

CIS 77-747 Threshold limit values - Definitions and instructions for their observance
Hygiejniske grænseværdier - Definition af og anvisninger om brugen af de hygiejniske grænseværdier [en danés]
Explanatory booklet for the observance and enforcement of TLVs for harmful substances in workplace air, with an appended list of some 600 substances. Contents: definitions; allergy hazards; justification and interpretation; mean and ceiling values; calculation of time-weighted average; application of TLVs; determination of concentrations in air for evaluating exposure. Supplement: alphabetical list giving TLVs in ppm and mg/m³. Substances are classified as being absorbed through the skin, as carcinogens and as having acute toxicity (TLV same as the ceiling value).
Publikation nr.62, Directorate of Labour Inspection (Direktoratet for Arbejdstilsynet), Rosenvængets Allé 16-18, 2100 København, Denmark, 1 Oct. 1976. 14+25p. Gratis.

CIS 77-682 Workplace air - General health and hygiene rules
Vozduh rabočej zony - Obščie sanitarno-gigieničeskie trebovanija [en ruso]
This standard (entry into force: 1 Jan. 1977) lays down specifications concerning the temperature, relative humidity and speed of air movement in the workplace, and concentrations of harmful substances. Contents: optimal microclimatic conditions and limits; maximum allowable concentrations; general conditions to be observed in carrying out microclimatic measurements, sampling and determining concentrations of harmful substances in workplace air; measures for improving workplace air; list of TLVs (646 gases or vapours, 57 fibrogenic substances occurring as dust or aerosols).
GOST 12.1.005-76, State Standards Committee (Gosudarstvennyj komitet standartov), Moskva, 10 Mar. 1976. Izdatel'stvo standartov, Novopresnenskij per. 3, Moskva D-557, USSR, 1976. 32p. Price: Rbl.0.11.

CIS 77-892 Dinman B.D.
Development of workplace environment standards in foreign countries - Part 2. Concepts of higher nervous function in the USSR - Part 3. Procedures for development of MAC values in the USSR.
The 2nd article in this series (see CIS 76-2091 for Part 1) begins with an examination of Soviet concepts originally based on Pavlov, leading to the Soviet proposition that autonomic ("neurovegetative") changes are manifestations of toxicity. Neurophysiological testing methods in the USSR (observational techniques, unconditioned reflex behaviour, conditioned reflex behaviour) are outlined and discussed. The article concludes with a synthesis of the Soviet view of early neurological behaviour as caused by chemical agents. Part 3 describes in detail the methods in use in the USSR to establish MAC values; methods of approximation; extrapolation from a series of homologous compounds; acute experimental data; equations used for inorganic compounds, organic compounds, etc.; subacute and chronic experimental data; calculation of factors expressing accumulative toxicity.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1976, Vol.18, No.7, p.477-484; Aug. 1976, Vol.18, No.8, p.556-560. 34 ref.

CIS 77-666 Karagodina I.L., Tokarev V.A.
Comprehensive evaluation of the functional status of personnel working in noisy surroundings
O kompleksnoj ocenke funkcional'nogo sostojanija organizma služaščih, rabotajuščih v uslovijah šuma [en ruso]
Studies in office workers, taking into account the type of work done and surrounding noise level, showed: prolonged reaction time and task performance time, with increased number of errors; haemodynamic changes; hearing loss. Laboratory tests to assess the effect of noise alone demonstrated a linear relation between the magnitude of functional changes (skin temperature, etc.) and the sound level. Limitation of noise to 45-50dB(A) in administrative buildings is advocated.
Gigiena i sanitarija, Feb. 1976, No.2, p.23-27. 13 ref.

CIS 77-704 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to phenol.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of occupational diseases due to exposure to phenol. The time-weighted average exposure (10h working day) should not exceed 20mg/m³ over a 40h week. The ceiling concentration is fixed at 60mg/m³ for any 15min period. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, sanitation, monitoring and recordkeeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure, environmental data, development of the standard, research priorities. Procedures for sampling and analysis in air are detailed and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-196, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, July 1976. 167p. 349 ref.

CIS 77-703 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to allyl chloride.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of occupational diseases due to exposure to allyl chloride vapour. The time-weighted average exposure (10h working day) should not exceed 1.0ppm (3.1mg/m³) over a 40h week. The ceiling concentration is fixed at 3.0ppm (9.4mg/m³) for any 15min sampling period. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, sanitation, monitoring and recordkeeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure, environmental data and analytical methods and development of the standard. Research needs are defined and procedures for sampling and analysis in air are detailed; useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-204, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Sep. 1976. 87p. 54 ref.

CIS 77-472
Bekanntmachung, Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung), Bonn, 20 May 1976.
Technical rules and guidelines relating to the Ordinance on Hazardous Industrial Substances
Technische Regeln und Richtlinien des BMA zur Verordnung über gefährliche Arbeitsstoffe [en alemán]
Issued under the Order of 8 Sep. 1975 concerning hazardous substances, these technical rules prescribe mandatory conditions with respect to occupational safety, medicine and hygiene, to be observed in the distribution and use of hazardous substances. Edition of Mar. 1976, with a note on the structure and application of the rules: TRgA 101 - definitions; TRgA 102 - indicative technical concentration for vinyl chloride and benzene; TRgA 200 - labelling and instructions for safe handling; TRgA 201 - labelling of aluminium powder; TRgA 501 - arsenic; TRgA 502 - benzene, carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethane, pentachloroethane; TRgA 503 - abrasive blasting agents; TRgA 505 - lead; TRgA 506 - fluorine; TRgA 507 - surface treatment in ship hull compartments; TRgA 508 - silicogenic dust; TRgA 509 - magnesium; TRgA 510 - batching oils and batched fibres; TRgA 511 - ammonium nitrate; TRgA 901 - testing of batching agents.
Arbeitsschutz, July-Aug. 1976, No.7-8, p.268-296. Illus.

CIS 77-452 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to acetylene.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of acetylene on the health of workers. The ceiling concentration is fixed at 2,500ppm. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of acetylene in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-195, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, July 1976. 84p. 90 ref.

CIS 77-444 Christensen H.E., Fairchild E.J., Carroll B.S., Lewis R.J.
Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances.
This new edition contains 82,908 listings (21,729 different chemicals, 61,179 synonyms and cross-references) with detailed toxicity data - toxic dose, route, species exposed, description of exposure reported (lethal, toxic, etc.) dose causing the toxic response (usually mg/kg or ppm), body system affected - with reference to bibliographical sources of the toxicity data. 5,228 new substances have been included since the 1975 list. Occupational safety and health standards in force in the USA (air contaminants, asbestos, carcinogens, vinyl chloride, pesticides, NIOSH criteria documents, requests for health hazard evaluation, aquatic toxicity) are appended.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76:191, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA, June 1976. 1245p. Price: US-$10.00.

CIS 77-512 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to malathion.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of malathion on the health of workers. The time-weighted average (TWA) exposure (10h work shift) should not exceed 15mg/m³ over a 40h week, when skin exposure is prevented. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equiment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound are described in detail, also determination of cholinesterase in blood, and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-205, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, June 1976. 183p. 211 ref.

CIS 77-511 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to carbaryl.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of carbaryl on the health of workers. The time-weighted average exposure (10h work shift) should not exceed 5mg/m³ over a 40h week. Other recomendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are basd are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
DHEW Publication No.(NIOSH)77-107, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Sep. 1976. 192p. Illus. 162 ref.

CIS 77-442 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to carbon dioxide.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of carbon dioxide on the health of workers. The time-weighted average exposure (10h work shift) should not exceed 10,000ppm (approx. 18,000mg/m³) over a 40h week. The ceiling concentration is fixed at 30,000ppm (approx. 54,000mg/m³) as determined by a sampling period not to exceed 10min. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-194, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Aug. 1976. 169p. 151 ref.

CIS 77-510 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to methyl parathion.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of methyl parathion on the health of workers. The time-weighted average (TWA) exposure (10h working day) should not exceed 0.2mg/m³ over a 40h week. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluaton; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound in air are described in detail and also for cholinesterase activity in blood. Useful additional information is given in appendices.
DHEW Publication No.(NIOSH)77-106, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Sep. 1976. 177p. Illus. 171 ref.

CIS 77-440 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to acrylamide.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of acrylamide on the health of workers. The time-weighted average is 0.3mg/m³ for up to a 10-h work shift, 40-h week. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)77-112, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Oct. 1976. 127p. 78 ref.

CIS 77-439 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to epichlorohydrin.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of epichlorohydrin on the health of workers. The time-weighted average exposure (10h working day) should not exceed 2mg/m³ (approx 0.5ppm) over a 40-h week. The ceiling concentration is fixed at 19mg/m³ (approx. 5ppm) as determined by a sampling time of 15min. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and engineering controls; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-206, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Sep. 1976. 152p. Illus. 101 ref.

CIS 77-437 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to hydrogen cyanide and cyanide salts (NaCN, KCN, and Ca(CN)₂).
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effets of hydrogen, sodium, potassium and calcium cyanides on the health of workers. Exposure to the cyanides must not exceed 5mg/m³ (expressed as cyanide) determined as a ceiling concentration based on a 10min sampling period. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compounds in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)77-108, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Oct. 1976. 191p. 292 ref.

CIS 77-436 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to organotin compounds.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of organotin compounds on the health of workers. The time-weighted average for up to a 10h work shift in a 40h week is 0.1mg/m³ measured as tin. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed under the following heads: biological effets of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compounds are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)77-115, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Nov. 1976. 187p. 170 ref.

CIS 77-434 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform).
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane on the health of workers. The ceiling concentration of the compound is 350ppm (1,910mg/m³) as determined by a 15min sample. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the compound in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-184, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, July 1976. 179p. 145 ref.

CIS 77-433 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene).
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of tetrachloroethylene on the health of workers. The time-weighted average exposure (10-h working day) should not exceed 50ppm (339mg/m³) over a 40-h week. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard; research needs. Procedures for sampling and analysis in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-185, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, July 1976. 146p. 142 ref.

CIS 77-432 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational exposure to chlorine.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of chlorine on the health of workers. The ceiling concentration of chlorine is 0.5ppm for any 15min sampling period. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protective equipment, information of employees, work practices, sanitation, and monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are: biological effects of exposure; environmental data and biological evaluation; development of a standard. Procedures for sampling and analysis of chlorine in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-170, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, May 1976. 155p. 159 ref.

CIS 77-426 Holmberg B., Winell M.
Occupational hygienic standards - An international comparison
Hygieniska gränsvärden - En internationell jämförelse [en sueco]
The occupational hygiene standards in the USA, USSR, Czechoslovakia, Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Japan, Mexico and France are compared. The differences of biomedical criteria, technical applicability, and political considerations are discussed. Workplace TLVs for common substances are listed by country (for USA, Germany (Fed.Rep.) and (Dem.Rep.), Sweden, Czechoslovakia and USSR).
Arbete och hälsa - Vetenskaplig skriftserie, Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Fack, 100 26 Stockholm 34, Sweden, 1976, No.13, 45p. 71 ref.

CIS 77-146 Criteria for a recommended standard: Occupational exposure to methyl alcohol.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of methyl alcohol on the health and safety of workers. The time-weighted average exposure (10-h working day) should not exceed 200ppm (262mg/m³) over a 40-h week with a ceiling value of 800ppm (1048mg/m³) as determined by a sampling time of 15min. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed at some length under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data; development of a standard; work practices. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the alcohol in air are described in detail and useful additional information (recommendation for an identification data sheet for methyl alcohol shipments; future research priorities for methyl alcohol; methyl alcohol consumption in the USA; occupations exposed to methyl alcohol; tabulated animal experimentation results; etc.) is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-148, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Mar. 1976. 136p. 91 ref.

CIS 77-145 Criteria for a recommended standard: Occupational exposure to oxides of nitrogen (nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide).
Recommendations are made for the prevention of adverse effects of nitrogen oxides on the health and safety of workers. The nitrogen dioxide ceiling concentration should not exceed 1ppm by volume (1.8mg/m³) as determined by sampling time of 15min and the time-weighted average exposure (10-h working day) to nitric oxide should not exceed 25ppm (30mg/m³) over a 40-h week. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed at some length under the following heads: biological effects of exposure; environmental data; development of a standard; compatibility with ambient air quality standards. Procedures for sampling and analysis of the oxides in air are described in detail and useful additional information (research needs; determination of exposure areas with detector tubes and direct reading instruments; recommendation for an identification data sheet for shipments; properties; tabulated data on nitrogen oxide release by oxyacetylene torches, on animal experiments, and on human exposure experiments; etc.) is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-149, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, Mar. 1976. 195p. 229 ref.

CIS 76-1925 TLVs - Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents in the workroom environment with intended changes for 1976.
The preface to the first part (chemical contaminants) of this booklet draws attention to the use of 3 categories of threshold limit value (TLV): TLV-TWA (time-weighted average), TLV-STEL (short term exposure limit), and TLV-C (ceiling). It also defines the following notations: skin absorption; mixtures; nuisance particulates; simple asphyxiants; physical factors; biologic limit values. TLVs (TWA and STEL) are given for approximately 600 substances. Limits, or references for limits, are also given for radioactivity, mineral dusts and nuisance particulates. There are about 50 (25 new) substances on the intended changes list. The appendices contain TLVs of recognised occupational carcinogens and a list of suspected occupational carcinogens, TLVs for mixtures, permissible excursions for TWA limits, and lists of nuisance particulates, simple asphyxiants and conversion of particulate count to mass. The second part (physical agents) of the booklet contains TLVs for heat stress, ionising radiation, lasers, microwaves, noise (impulsive or impact) and ultraviolet radiation, as well as intended changes for these agents.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, P.O. Box 1937, Cincinnati, Ohio 45201, USA, 1976. 95p. Illus. Price: US-$1.00.

CIS 76-1920 Ehrlicher H.
Importance of the TLV, and problems involved
Bedeutung und Problematik der MAK-Werte [en alemán]
Review of the historical development of the TLV (MAK) lists in the Fed.Rep. of Germany and of aspects of their appliction: individual air consumption and intake of a harmful substance, measurement of harmful substances in the air, significance of TLVs, metabolism of the harmful substance, combined noxae, solvent mixtures. No concentrations that completely rule out a health hazard can be given for carcinogenic substances; here the TLV is replaced by the "indicative technical concentration" (TRK) which serves as a criterion for monitoring within the plant and contributes to reducing the health hazard, with due regard to the technical and analytical possibilities available.
Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Prophylaxe, Feb. 1976, Vol.26, No.2, p.25-32. 12 ref.

CIS 76-2091 Dinman B.D.
Development of workplace environment standards in foreign countries. Part I - Historical perspectives; Criteria of response utilized in the USSR.
After a brief parallel history of the MAC in the USSR and the USA, and a politico-philosophical discussion of differences between the Eastern and Western approaches to medical science, the study proceeds as follows: influence of legal philosophy on MAC formulation; criteria of response to toxic agents (modality of determining lethality and toxic range); irritancy and odour testing; cumulative toxicity testing; chronic toxicity testing (emphasis on minimum doses producing toxic effects); industrial studies (situations where there is relatively constant, or variable, exposure); review of 3 years of Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija to ascertain differences in the USSR and USA in respect of pathological examinations (great emphasis on central nervous system), biochemical methods, non-neurological responses; pulmonary physiology, hepatorenal function, haematological parameters, immunological studies, endocrine parameters.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1976, Vol.18, No.6, p.409-417. 21 ref.

CIS 76-1898 Maximum allowable workplace concentrations, 1976
Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentrationen 1976 [en alemán]
The permissible workplace concentration (MAK) is defined, with introductory remarks, concerning the origin, object and analytical determination of TLVs, limits exceeded, mixtures of substances, allergic symptoms and skin absorption. The list of some 360 substances with chemical formula and MAK in ppm and mg/m³ is given. Certain MAKs have been modified in comparison with the 1975 list and new ones introduced. Particular attention is given to carcinogenic substances, dust, organic peroxides, petrol and turpentine. In the case of carcinogens and mutagens for which a MAK value cannot be determined (asbestos, benzene, vinyl chloride), "indicative technical concentrations" (Technische Richtkonzentrationen - TRK) are given, based on technical data available and the possibilities of technical and medical prevention.
Mitteilung XII, Committee for Testing Harmful Industrial Substances, German Research Centre (Kommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), Kennedyallee 40, 53 Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 28 June 1976. 50p. Price: DM.6.00.

CIS 76-1636 Morton A.R., Ranadive M.V., Hathaway J.A.
Biological effects of trinitrotoluene from exposure below the threshold limit value.
A medical survey was conducted among 43 workers employed at a trinitrotoluene (TNT) filling and packing operation. As a consequence of increased production, average TNT dust levels had risen from 0.3 to 0.8mg/m³ (the current TLV is 1.5mg/m³). Several workers had complained of respiratory difficulties, dermatitis and altered taste. It was found that significant biochemical changes (increased levels of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase) had occurred at levels of 0.8mg/m³ and persisted at 0.6mg/m³. The TLV should be lowered to 0.5mg/m³.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Jan. 1976, Vol.37, No.1, p.56-60. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 76-1619
Technical Data Note 2/75, H.M. Factory Inspectorate, Department of Employment, London.
Threshold limit values for 1975.
This note reproduces, as a guide, the list of threshold limit values (TLVs, expressed in ppm or mg/m³) adopted by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists in 1975 for over 500 hazardous substances which may be absorbed in the form of dust or fume in workroom air. A preface discusses briefly chemical contaminants, advantages and disadvantages of ceiling as against time-weighted average limits, nuisance particulates as opposed to fibrogenic dusts, short-term limits, biologic limit values, asphyxiants, etc. TLVs for mineral dusts, notice of intended changes in the list (especially occupational carcinogens), mixtures, some nuisance particulates, some inert gases and vapours (simple asphyxiants), etc. are appended. Lower TLVs for some of these substances are recommended for the U.K. (in particular for asbestos and vinyl chloride). List of substances prohibited in the U.K. (β-naphthylamine, benzidine, 4-aminodiphenyl, 4-nitrodiphenyl).
H.M. Stationery Office, P.O. Box 569, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom, 1976. 18p. 53 ref. Gratis.

CIS 76-1241 Gross P., Morgan W.K.C., O'Neill J.P., Haartz J.C., Vander Kolk A.L., Leroux J., Davey A.B.C., Goldberg S.A., Raymond L.D., Taylor C.D., Rosendahl T.E., Eshelman P.S., Corn M., Lang H.W.
Proceedings of the symposium on silica.
At this meeting, held in Pittsburgh on 12-13 Mar. 1975, representatives of industry, government agencies and educational institutions met to discuss the NIOSH criteria document of 1974 on the subject, which in effect reduced the TLV for silica by 50%. Papers were read on silicosis pathology, analysis methods, ventilation design, etc. The discussion sessions are reproduced verbatim. A consensus was arrived at on the following points: (1) it is questionable whether current ventilation technology can achieve the levels called for by NIOSH; (2) extrapolation problems make dose-response relationships questionable; (3) the basis on which the NIOSH document was established was insufficient.
Industrial Health Foundation, Inc., 5231 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, USA, 1976. 177p. Illus. 56 ref. Price: US-$15.00.

CIS 76-1021 Threshold limit values for the air concentrations of toxic substances - Exposure limits for physical agents
Valeurs limites de concentration des substances toxiques dans l'air - Valeurs limites d'exposition aux agents physiques. [en francés]
The first note lists the threshold limit values recommended in the USA and in force in the USSR in 1975 for almost 1,000 chemical substances. Supplementary data drawn from American sources cover the TLVs for silica-containing mineral dust, industrial carcinogens, hazardous substances without a TLV, and authorised excursions in the case of short-term exposure. List of notices of intended changes for some 70 U.S. TLVs. The second note reproduces the threshold limit values adopted in the USA with regard to heat stress and to laser, microwave and ultraviolet radiation, and gives notice of intended changes of these values.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 1st quarter 1976, No.82, Notes No.997-82-76 and No.998-82-76, p.77-104 and 105-118.

1975

CIS 77-1755 Häublein H.G., Schulz G.
Occupational hygiene standards and MAC values
Arbeitshygienische Normen und MAK-Werte [en alemán]
This handbook provides information on environmental factors at the workplace: microclimate; nuisance dusts; gases, vapours and toxic dusts; noise; mechanical vibration; microwaves; laser radiation; lighting; work premises; equipment and workplace design. Terms are defined, measuring apparatus and methods presented, threshold limit values given and their significance for occupational health set out. Reference to applicable regulations and standards in the German Dem.Rep. Appendices: directives for the establishment of threshold limit values of airborne chemical substances; standards concerning permissible atmospheric concentrations of harmful substances at the workplace (definitions, threshold limit values, sampling, analysis); standards concerning noise protection and noise measurement at the workplace.
Verlag Tribüne, Am Treptower Park 28-30, DDR-1193 Berlin, 4th edition, 1975. 543p. Illus. 148 ref. Price: M.8.50.

CIS 76-1966 Levinson C.
Work hazard: Threshold limit values for chemical agents in the workplace in the United States, Germany and Sweden 1975.
This booklet is essentially a series of lists with data: officially recognised carcinogens (as categorised in USA, Germany (Fed.Rep.) and Sweden); important irritating industrial chemicals; toxic properties of amines; 10 common groups of dermatitis agents; heavy metals by industry using them; health effects of epoxy compounds, acetates, pesticides, nitro and amino aromatics, ketones, diphenyls, organic acids, diethylene glycol ethers; labelling colours assigned to canisters or cartridges in USA. The TLV list proper contains 549 substances with formula, TLV in the 3 countries (in ppm and mg/m³), indication of whether carcinogenic, whether skin contact increases the exposure, and whether the TLV is a ceiling or a time-weighted average. Appendices: report on the ICF/URW International Conference on Occupational Health Hazards in the Chemical, Rubber and Allied Industries (Geneva, 28-30 Oct. 1974); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency principles of carcinogenicity in chemicals.
International Chemical and General Workers' Federation, 58 rue de Moillebeau, 1211 Genève 19, Switzerland, 1975. 75p.

CIS 76-1942 Gurova A.I., Alekseeva N.P., Gorlova O.E., Černyšova R.A.
Toxicity of dimethylcyanamide
O toksičnosti dimetilcianamida [en ruso]
Report on animal experiments, with the following results: the mechanism of action of dimethylcyanamide (DMC) in the body is identical to that of inorganic cyanamides; the methyl groups in the DMC molecule affect its physical properties but not its toxicity; in spite of the great toxicity of DMC the risk of inhalation poisoning is minimal in industrial conditions; DMC is absorbed by the skin and is irritatant to the conjunctiva; it shows little cumulation. Recommended TLV for blending with other cyanamides: 0.5mg/m³.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Nov. 1975, No.11, p.23-27. 14 ref.

CIS 76-1603 Bakărdžieva T.
Fixing of tolerable microclimatic standards when using water for dust control in deep mines with high ambient temperature
Tehničesko normirane na dopustimite granici na mikroklimata pri izpolzuvane na vodata kato sredstvo za borba s praha v dălbokite topli rudnici [en búlgaro]
Use of water spraying for dust control in deep mines having ambient temperature leads to worsening of the workplace microclimate. To achieve tolerable relative humidity levels and to standardise the quantities of water to be sprayed, the climatic parameters at the workplace and the effects of heat load on the miners were determined. The results, which are reproduced in the article, can be used as a basis for establishing a mathematical relation defining the permissible quantity of water to be sprayed in deep mines.
Letopisi na higienno-epidemiologičnata služba, 1975, Vol.9, No.3, p.32-35. 10 ref.

CIS 76-1367 Kuznecova Ė.Ė.
Data for the establishment of a maximum allowable concentration of formic acid vapours in workplace air
Materialy k obosnovaniju predel'no dopustimoj koncentracii parov murav'inoj kisloty v vozduhe rabočej zony [en ruso]
Results of research in mice and rats to determine the toxicity of formic acid. Inhaling the vapours given off by this acid causes respiratory impairment and produces functional changes in the central nervous system, the kidneys and the liver. The acid is aborbed by healthy uninjured skin and causes localised dermatitis. A TLV of 1mg/m³ is recommended on the basis of these results.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Dec. 1975, No.12, p.49-51. 8 ref.

CIS 76-1281 Orlovskaja Ė.P.
Effect of different noise levels on workers with various skills
Vlijanie šuma s izmenjajuščimisja urovnjami na rabočih raznoj kvalifikacii [en ruso]
Results of physiological tests on metal fitters and mechanics employed in mechanical construction, in order to determine the effect of different noise levels. Although the temporary threshold shift did not exceed 17dB under all exposure conditions studied, the author observed considerable changes in some physiological functions, particularly in higher nervous activity, in the fitters. Noise should not exceed 75dB(A) at fitters' workplaces and 80dB(A) at mechanics' workplaces.
Gigiena i sanitarija, Dec. 1975, No.12, p.31-34. illus. 4 ref.

CIS 76-1062 Weighted threshold limit values for chemical pollutants and particulates in the working environment, 1975
Valori limite ponderati degli inquinanti chimici e particolati degli ambienti di lavoro per il 1975 [en italiano]
An introductory chapter gives definitions and explains the application of TLVs with details of permitted excursions, etc. The TLVs (in mg/m³) are then listed for 185 substances. Formulae are given for calculating the TLV of atmospheric dusts (quartz, tridymite and cristobalite, diatomaceous powders, talc, etc.). Carcinogenic substances, divided into 3 groups, are listed separately.
Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1975, Vol.66, No.4, p.361-371.

CIS 76-1030 Douglas C.P., Plummer R.M.
Welding fume threshold limit values.
The gases and fumes produced by welding in shipbuilding and repairing environments are discussed. The USA threshold or ceiling values are compared with the concentrations at operators' breathing zone levels: carbon monoxide (TLV 50ppm) 2-20ppm, nitrous fumes (no TLV) 2-8ppm, nitrogen dioxide (CLV 5ppm) trace:1ppm, iron oxide (TLV 10mg/m³) 2.7-17.2mg/m³, copper (no TLV) 0.05-0.25mg/m³, and zinc oxide (no TLV) 2.4-6.4mg/m³. Ventilation by high pressure fans and ducting with flexible polyvinyl chloride tubes were chosen and the cost of local exhaust ventilation for a worker was calculated as £90.00 per year. Factors in successful checking of the ventilation performance are also given.
Metal Construction, Sep. 1975, Vol.7, No.9, p.465-471. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 76-1015 Sanockij I.V., Ljublina E.I., Filov V.A., Ulanova I.P., Kagan J.S., Fomenko V.N., Pavlenko S.M., Krasovskij G.N., Sidorenko G.I., Pinigin M.A., Bustueva K.A., Roščin A.V., Veličkovskij B.T., Kacnel'son B.A., Volkova Z.A.
Methods used in the USSR for establishing biologically safe levels of toxic substances.
These papers on establishing limits for the levels of harmful substances in workplace air were presented at a WHO meeting in Moscow, on Dec.12-19, 1972. Included were: investigation of new substances: permissible limits and threshold of harmful action; chemical structure, physical and chemical properties and biological activity; toxicometry and prophylactic toxicology; accumulation and adaptation processes in the action of chemical agents in the environment; long-term effects of exposure to toxic substances; methods for the study of the central nervous system in toxicological tests; species and sex differences in sensitivity to toxic substances; establishment of safe levels of chemicals in communal hygiene: methodological approaches; safe levels of biological exposure to chemicals in the air of industrial premises and in the atmosphere; safe levels for fibrogenic aerosols; use of data on human health and environmental conditions.
World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1975. 171p. 349 ref. Price: SF.30.00.

CIS 76-1013 Winell M.
An international comparison of hygienic standards for chemicals in the work environment.
The standards, under different names (TLV, MAC, MAK, MPC), in ppm and mg/m³, are compared in tabular form for 169 substances in the lists of USA, Germany (Fed.Rep.), Germany (Dem.Rep.), Sweden, Czechoslovakia, and USSR.
Ambio, 1975, Vol.4, No.1, p.34-36. 6 ref.

CIS 76-1012 Roschin A.V., Timofeevskaya L.A.
Chemical substances in the work environment: Some comparative aspects of USSR and US hygienic standards.
A brief history of the maximum permissible concentrations of chemical substances in the USSR is given. There are now over 750 MPC items in the USSR and over 550 in the USA; the USSR values are lower than the US threshold limit values. MPC and TLV are compared for metals and their compounds and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Also discussed are the differences in definitions, establishing standards, practical aspects and outlook.
Ambio, 1975, Vol.4, No.1, p.30-33. 25 ref.

CIS 76-940 Breuer W., Henschler D., Valentin H., Schaller K.H., Thürauf J., Otto H., Beck E.G.
Asbestos in the workplace
Asbest am Arbeitsplatz [en alemán]
This special number, to which several authors contributed, contains articles on the following aspects of asbestos in industry: analytical evaluation of mean and peak concentrations for fixing TLVs; prevention and diagnosis of health impairment due to asbestos in the workplace; objectivation of asbestos exposure in cases of mesothelioma; biological effects of dust in the form of fibres, principally asbestos fibres.
Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Präventivmedizin, Sep. 1975, Vol.10, No.9, p.165-183. Illus. 43 ref.

CIS 76-1008 Henschler D.
Substances hazardous to health - Toxicological and occupational medical criteria for MAC values
Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe - Toxikologisch-arbeitsmedizinische Begründung von MAK-Werten [en alemán]
With this latest supplement, the loose-leaf compendium of material underlying the German MAC values, published under the auspices of the Committee on Testing Harmful Substances (Chairman: D. Henschler) of the German Research Association (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), now covers 97 industrial substances. Among those added are: methyl formate, antimony trisulfide, ε-caprolactam, chloroprene, diazinon, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfide, 2-hexanone, carbon monoxide, methyl chloride, 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,3-propanesultone, carbon disulfide, dithione (TEDP), vinylidene chloride. Each monograph gives toxicological data, human experience, experimental findings in animals, and the arguments for the establishment of the MAC value fixed for each substance.
Verlag Chemie GmbH, Postfach 1260/1280, 6940 Weinheim, Germany (Fed.Rep.), 4th supplement, 1975. 160p. 720 ref. Price: DM.58.00.

CIS 76-697 Acton W.I.
Exposure criteria for industrial ultrasound.
This letter reports a shortcoming in the wording of recently developed criteria for the prediction of auditory and subjective effects due to airborne noise from ultrasonic sources. Since the lower nominal limit of the one-third-octave band centred on 20kHz (17.6kHz) may be within the audible frequency range, it is proposed that the maximum level of 75dB formerly applied to the band centred on 16kHz be extended to include the band centred on 20kHz (present maximum level 110dB). Where narrower band analysis methods are used, the step should occur at a frequency of 22.5 instead of 20kHz. The proposed revised criterion reads: "the permitted level is 75dB in the octave band centred on 16kHz, or in one-third-octave bands centred on frequencies up to and including 20kHz, or in narrow bands centred on frequencies up to 22.5kHz; the permitted level is 110dB in octave bands centred on frequencies of 32kHz and above, or in one-third-octave bands centred on frequencies of 25kHz and above, or in narrower bands centred on frequencies of 22.5kHz and above".
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Dec. 1975, Vol.18, No.3, p.267-268. 5 ref.

CIS 76-757 Criteria for a recommended standard: Occupational exposure to sodium hydroxide.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of occupational injuries and diseases due to exposure to sodium hydroxide. The maximum exposure concentration is 2.0mg/m³ air for any 15min-sampling period. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed at some length under the headings: biological effects of exposure, environmental data, development of a standard. Procedures for sampling and analysis of sodium hydroxide in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-105, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, USA, 1975. 93p. 91 ref. Gratis.

CIS 76-653 Troickaja N.A., Veličkovskij B.T., Bikmullina S.K., Sažina T.G., Gorodnova N.V., Andreeva T.D.
Establishment of a maximum admissible concentration for airborne carbon black in industrial workplaces
Obosnovanie predel'no dopustimoj koncentracii pylej černyh promyšlennyh saž v vozduhe proizvodstvennyh pomeščenij [en ruso]
Results of comparative studies in animals, of medical examinations of workers exposed to carbon black, and of research on the fibrogenicity of 7 types of industrial black. A correlation was found between changes in the lungs and lymph nodes (increased weight, accumulation of lipids and of oxyproline) and the particle size of the dust. Carbon black also possesses carcinogenic properties on account of its benzo(a)pyrene content. Provided that the concentration of the latter does not exceed 35mg/kg, the threshold limit value for carbon black is of the order of 4mg/m³.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Mar. 1975, No.3, p.32-36. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 76-739 Criteria for a recommended standard: Occupational exposure to zinc oxide.
Recommendations are made for the prevention of occupational diseases due to exposure to zinc oxide (ZnO) fume or dust. The time-weighted average (TWA) exposure (10h working day) should not exceed 5mg ZnO/m³ over a 40h week with a ceiling of 15mg ZnO/m³ as determined by a sampling time of 15 min. Other recommendations relate to medical supervision, labelling, personal protection, information of employees, work practices, monitoring and record keeping. The criteria on which the recommendations are based are discussed at some length under the headings: biological effects of exposure, environmental data, development of a standard. Procedures for sampling and analysis of ZnO in air are described in detail and useful additional information is given in appendices.
HEW Publication No.(NIOSH)76-104, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, USA, 1975. 87p. 96 ref. Gratis.

CIS 76-730 Schlegel H.
Occupational medicine threshold limit values (MAC), 1976
Arbeitshygienische Grenzwerte (MAK) 1976 [en alemán]
Valeurs limites en médecine du travail en 1976 (valeurs MAC). [en francés]
This booklet sums up the situation in 1976 in Switzerland concerning maximum allowable concentrations and levels at the workplace for both toxic substances (table of MAC values for 541 gases, vapours and dusts) and harmful physical agents: ionising radiations; laser, microwave and radar radiations; noise. A brief historical note and some explanations are followed by a commentary on MAC values of topical importance. Particular attention is paid to silicosis (quartz dust). Discussion of some substances having widely differing MAC values in the Fed.Rep. of Germany, USSR and USA, or between Switzerland and these countries.
Berufskrankheiten, Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Luzern, Switzerland, Dec. 1975, No.14. 84p. 164 ref.

CIS 76-724 Bruckman L., Rubino R.A.
Asbestos: rationale behind a proposed air quality standard.
This paper was given at the 67th Annual Meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association at Denver, Colorado, in June 1974. The occupational and non-occupational hazards of asbestos are discussed, including a history of asbestos exposure and the consequences. Calculations, based on probability of mesothelioma occurrence, leading to standards for general public exposure are shown. The ACGIH occupational standard is used as a basis for the calculations. The recommended ambient air quality standard is 30ng/m³, based on a 30-day average. Emission standards and an analytical method are also proposed. In the critique, Dr. L.A. Plumlee disagrees (1) with the authors' use of mesothelioma as a criterion without considering lung cancer, (2) with fibre counts used in the calculations. The authors maintain that the high frequency of lung cancer makes it difficult to relate to asbestos exposure, and point out that one should not confuse asbestos fibrils (or ultimate asbestos fibres) with asbestos fibres, normally used in the calculations.
Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, Dec. 1975, Vol.25, No.12, p.1207-1215, Illus. 69 ref.

< anterior | 1... 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70 | siguiente >