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1993

CIS 93-1274 Bas Bueno de Mesquita H., Doornbos G., van der Kuip D.A.M., Kogevinas M., Winkelmann R.
Occupational exposure to phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols and cancer mortality in the Netherlands
A cohort of 2,310 workers from two plants who manufacture and prepare chlorophenoxy herbicides in the Netherlands was followed during the periods 1955-1985 and 1965-1986, respectively. In 1963, there was an industrial accident in one factory with concomitant release of dioxin into the environment. Mortality data on 963 exposed and 1,111 nonexposed men were evaluated by external and internal comparison. Compared with national rates, total mortality (94 deaths, SMR = 101; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82-124) and cancer mortality (31 deaths, SMR = 107; 95% CI, 73-152) for exposed workers were not significantly increased. A statistically insignificant increase was observed for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. There was no increase in either total mortality in cancer mortality among the 139 workers probably exposed to dioxins during the 2,4,5-trichlorophenol production accident. Compared with nonexposed workers, exposed workers did not exhibit a higher total mortality. Mortality due to all cancers and respiratory cancer was not significantly elevated. These findings suggest that the increases in cancer mortality among workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols may be attributable to chance.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.23, No.2, p.289-300. 20 ref.

1992

CIS 02-1097 Carbendazima
Carbendazime [en francés]
Ficha toxicológica. Actualización de la ficha referenciada en CIS 86-1034. Sinónimo: bencimidazolil-2 carbamato de metilo. Toxicidad: no se ha publicado ningún dato sobre intoxicación aguda o crónica; irritación cutánea, ocular y del tracto respiratorio superior. Número CEE y códigos de etiquetado obligatorios: nº613-048-00-8; Xn, R40, S36/37. En CIS 02-1407 se analiza la colección completa de fichas toxicológicas en formato CD-ROM.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 3p. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 96-1828
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Folpet - Guía de seguridad e higiene
Folpet - Health and safety guide [en inglés]
Este documento contiene una evaluación de los riesgos que presenta el folpet, basada en estudios realizados en diferentes países, así como consejos prácticos para la limitación de la exposición. En el sumario: identificación y usos; riesgos contra la salud (irritación, ningún efecto patológico grave); consejos prácticos sobre la prevención de riesgos y las técnicas de protección; los primeros auxilios, los riesgos de explosión e incendio, el almacenamiento, el transporte, los vertidos y la eliminación, reglamentación y normalización en vigor.
Organización Mundial de la Salud, Servicio de Distribución y Ventas, 1211 Genève 27, Suiza, 1992. 21p. Ilus. 8 ref. Precio: CHF 5,00 (CHF 3,50 países en desarrollo).

CIS 95-1811 Johnsen H., Lund S.P., Matikainen E., Midtgård U., Simonsen L., Wennberg A.
Nordic Council of Ministers
Neurotoxicidad profesional: documentación de base relativa a la evaluación de los datos existentes
Occupational neurotoxicity: Criteria document for evaluation of existing data [en inglés]
Informe de un grupo de trabajo sobre los criterios de evaluación y clasificación de las sustancias químicas neurotóxicas. Se considera que una sustancia química es neurotóxica si puede inducir disfunciones o lesiones neurológicas sistemáticas en el sistema nervioso. Los criterios se han establecido de forma que permitan decidir si existen suficientes pruebas como para concluir que una sustancia química dada se ajusta a esta definición. Este enfoque es el que aplica el Centro Internacional de Investigación sobre el Cáncer para evaluar los datos referidos al poder cancerígeno de una sustancia. Se probaron estos criterios mediante la evaluación de determinados documentos de investigación sobre el manganeso, el aluminio, el tetrahidrofurano, la ciclohexanona, el dichlorvos, el tricloroetileno, el formaldehido, el triortocresil-fosfato, el n-hexano y el cloruro de vinilo. El formaldehido no era clasificable. La ciclohexanona, el dichlorvos, el tetrahidrofurano y el cloruro de vinilo fueron clasificados como posibles sustancias neurotóxicas y el resto como sustancias ciertamente neurotóxicas.
National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Dinamarca, 2^a ed., oct. 1992. 52p. Ilus. 60 ref.

CIS 94-110 Quinoline
Quinoline [en francés]
International chemical safety card. Short term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of eyes and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long term exposure effects: liver and kidney damage; damage to the retina; genetic effects.
Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 2p.

CIS 93-1988 FINNIDA's manual. Risk management of toxic chemicals
Part 1 of this loose-leaf manual contains 30 project manager's guides providing practical information on the safety management of a specific toxic chemical or group of chemicals. Part 2 comprises a collection of 31 chemical data sheets on the impacts of a particular chemical on the environment and human health along with guidelines for safe use. These are arranged in eight chemical groups (organochlorinated pesticides and other chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate pesticides, natural and synthetic pyrethrins, aromatic hydrocarbons, dithiocarbamates, quaternary nitrogen compounds, triazine derivatives). An alphabetical index is provided and a separate A3-size display-type warning card is included for each of the chemicals listed.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, Finnish International Development Agency, Mannerheimintie 15, 00260 Helsinki, Finland, Apr. 1992. 762p. loose-leaf. Index.

CIS 93-2007 Lundberg P.
Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards - XIII
Vetenskapligt underlag för hygienska gränsvärden. 13 [en sueco]
Consensus reports of the Criteria Group of the Swedish National Institute of Occupational Health on diethanolamine, ethanolamine, catechol, resorcinol, acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl chloride, dioxane, chloromethane, methylhydrazine, hydrazine, cadmium and pyridine. An appendix lists consensus reports appearing in previous volumes of Arbete och Hälsa.
Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1992. 85p. (Eng.); 152p. (Swe.). 496 ref.

CIS 93-1608 Johnson E.S.
Human exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD and risk of cancer
Most of the evidence for the carcinogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in humans has centred around whether or not it causes malignant lymphomas (ML) and soft-tissue sarcomas (STS). A critical review of the literature indicates that the evidence does not support a causal role for TCDD in the aetiology of ML. For STS, the evidence does not specifically incriminate TCDD either, although there is room for doubt. Cancer of other sites, particularly of the respiratory system and thyroid, which were found to be statistically significantly in excess in both of the two largest studies of combined cohorts of occupationally exposed workers, were identified as candidate tumours for which a possible aetiological role of TCDD might need investigation in future studies.
Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 1992, Vol.21, No.6, p.451-463. 121 ref.

CIS 93-1106 Bromacil
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the eyes, nose, throat and skin.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 20 ref.

CIS 93-1100 Atrazine
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: severe irritation of the eyes; mild skin irritation. Effects of long-term exposure: suspected human mutagen.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 17 ref.

CIS 93-1098 Amitrole
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: mild irritation. Effects of long-term exposure: may cause dyspnoea, disturbances of co-ordination, anorexia, increased body temperature and thyroid function suppression; potential human carcinogen.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 18 ref.

CIS 93-742 2-Aminopyridine
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin; convulsions.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref.

CIS 93-902 Kuo H.W., Wang J.D., Lin J.M.
Determination of 4,4'-bipyridine vapor
An air-sampling and analytical method was developed and evaluated for the personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour, the major intermediate product in the manufacturing of paraquat. 4,4'-bipyridine vapour was collected in XAD-tubes, desorbed from the tubes with diethyl ether, and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The desorption efficiency of XAD-2 sorbent was 100.7% for the spikes between 0.6 and 12.0µg. A dynamic U-tube system was used for testing the air sampling of known quantities of 4,4'-bipyridine into XAD-2 tubes. An average vapour collection of 96.3% was obtained at average concentrations ranging between 0.07 and 0.7mg/m³ under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. The detection limit of the analytical method was 2ng of 4,4'-bipyridine corresponding to a 0.5µg/sample. It is believed that this method is suitable for personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.514-518. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 93-913 Schecter A., Ryan J.J.
Persistent brominated and chlorinated dioxin blood levels in a chemist 35 years after dioxin exposure
In this case study a chemist, after synthesising 10g of 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxin (TBrDD), suffered from mild and transient chloracne of the neck and wrists. Later in the year (September 1956), after synthesising 16g of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), he suffered severe chloracne of the entire body, headaches, backache, and leg pain on exertion. His measured 2,3,7,8-TBrDD in 1991 was 625 parts per trillion (ppt) in whole blood lipid, 35 years after initial exposure and 18ppt TCDD, an elevated level in comparison with the mean 2,3,7,8-TCDD level of 5ppt in the US population. This is the first reported detection of a brominated dioxin in human tissue. The total halogenated dioxin body burden in September 1956 is estimated to have been between 13,005ppt and 146,726ppt. This uptake demonstrates an occupational hazard to chemists and chemical workers, and the usefulness of human tissue dioxin measurements to document absorption.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.702-707. 38 ref.

CIS 93-405 Warfarina
Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; blood coagulation disorders; haematological effects; haematuria; vascular diseases; internal haemorrhages.
Noticias de seguridad, Sep. 1992, Vol.54, No.9, 4p. Insert.

CIS 93-491 Eriksson M., Hardell L., Malker H., Weiner J.
Malignant lymphoproliferative diseases in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or dioxins - A register-based study
The Swedish Cancer Environment Register (CER) is a linkage of census data (e.g. on occupations) with the Swedish Cancer Register. It has been used in different studies to generate hypotheses on occupational risk factors for malignant tumours. This study investigates the risk for malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or other related substances. An increased standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.3 for multiple myeloma was verified in farmers (335 cases). For malignant lymphoma, an increased SIR of 1.2 was found in farmers (227 cases). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma studied separately showed an increased risk (SIR=1.2) in carpenters only (149 cases), whereas Hodgkin's disease had an increased SIR of 2.1 in sawmill workers (10 cases). Physicians also had an elevated risk for malignant lymphoma. A major shortcoming in register studies such as CER is that no individual exposure data on different agents are available. The lack of an association between an occupation and a specific malignant disease may not, therefore, be taken as evidence that persons within that occupation are not at an increased risk for that disease.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1992, Vol.22, No.3, p.305-312. 23 ref.

CIS 93-607 Meldrum M., Delic J.I.
Health and Safety Executive
Triglycidyl isocyanurate; Beryllium and beryllium compounds
Little information is available on the effects of triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) in humans. Skin sensitisation leading to severe dermatitis has been reported in occupationally exposed workers. There is little information on the toxic effects of beryllium or its compounds in humans following a single exposure, although chemical pneumonitis has been observed following single massive exposures. Soluble beryllium compounds have been reported to produce skin and eye irritation. Repeated exposure to beryllium or its compounds can result in an acute or chronic form of lung disease. No conclusions can be reached concerning the carcinogenic potential of beryllium in humans.
HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 14p. + 62p. 59 + 247 ref. Price: GBP 6.00.

CIS 93-267 Exposure of man to dioxins - A perspective on industrial waste incineration
The current knowledge of the occurrence, mechanism of formation and environmental fate of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) is reviewed. Emissions of these materials originating from industrial waste incinerators are examined along with exposure levels, toxicological properties and human health impacts. In man, the only clearly established toxic effect of these compounds is a severe form of acne called chloracne, which is observed after high accidental exposure. Data on other effects, including cancer, are inconclusive.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. van Nieuwenhuyse 4, (Bte.6), 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Sep. 1992. 91p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-239 Damstra R.J., van Vloten W.A., van Ginkel C.J.W.
Allergic contact dermatitis from the preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,2-BIT; Proxel®): A case report, its prevalence in those occupationally at risk and in the general dermatological population, and its relationship to allergy to its analogue Kathon® CG
Occupational contact allergy to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,b-BIT, Proxel®) is analysed. This compound is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions such as pastes, paints and cutting oils. The optimal concentration for patch testing proved to be 0.4g/L (0.04%) in water. In 4 out of 17 patients (23%) at occupational risk (painters, paper-hangers), contact allergy to 1,2-BIT was found. Of 556 consecutive dermatological patients without clear occupational risk, 10 (1.8%) showed positive patch tests to 1,2-BIT; in 3 patients 1,2-BIT contact allergy was related to domestic paper-hanging. Although the chemical structure of 1,2-BIT shows some analogy with the preservative Kathon® CG true cross-sensitivity was found to be unlikely.
Contact Dermatitis, Aug. 1992, Vol.27, No.2, p.105-109. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 92-1979 Leira H.L., Tiltnes A., Svendsen K., Vetlesen L.
Irritant cutaneous reactions to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
Several workers in a small electrotechnical company in Norway experienced irritant reactions of the skin after a few days of working with the solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Due to concern about the health risk of commonly-used organic solvents, the company had chosen to use NMP when one of its products had to be treated with a solvent. After 2 days of work with NMP, 10 of the 12 involved workers displayed acute irritant contact dermatitis of the hands. According to published reports, NMP is not considered to be particularly irritant to the skin. The Safety Data Sheet of a Norwegian sales firm contained no information on cutaneous hazards, but the Safety Data Sheet of an American producer of NMP stated the risk of severe dermatitis upon prolonged contact. NMP seems to be more irritant to the human skin than reported thus far.
Contact Dermatitis, Sep. 1992, Vol.27, No.3, p.148-150. 9 ref.

CIS 92-1986 Smith A.H., Patterson D.G., Warner M.L., MacKenzie R., Needham L.L.
Serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin levels of New Zealand pesticide applicators and their implication for cancer hypotheses
The phenoxyherbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) is a widely used pesticide. Little is known about the extent of exposure to the 2,4,5-T contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent animal carcinogen. The study determined whether the blood serum levels of TCDD in 2,4,5-T applicators were greater than those of a control group not involved in 2,4,5-T spraying. Nine of 548 New Zealand applicators were selected who had sprayed 2,4,5-T for a range of 83-372 months. Results showed that the average serum level of TCDD for applicators was almost 10 times that of the control subjects, while the average levels of all other congeners and isomers measured in the two groups did not differ substantially. Increased risks of cancer from brief exposure to phenoxy herbicides reported in other countries are probably not attributable to the TCDD that contaminates 2,4,5-T. It cannot be determined from these results, however, whether TCDD exposure from prolonged use of 2,4,5-T poses significant health risks.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 15 Jan. 1992, Vol.84, No.2, p.104-108. Illus. 40 ref.

CIS 92-1949 Houck P., Nebel D., Milham S.
Organic solvent encephalopathy - An old hazard revisited
This report describes neurological and respiratory symptoms among 26 engineers and contract labourers who used organic solvents and detergents to remove polychlorinated biphenyl contamination from a poorly ventilated factory basement. Neurological symptoms included persistent central nervous system deficits; these developed in one worker after only three days. Respiratory symptoms included cough that persisted for more than two years. Labourers were more likely to report symptoms than were engineers. Appropriate ventilation or respirator use might have prevented the workers' morbidity. This incident serves as a reminder that organic solvent-related occupational illness continues to occur despite worker-health regulations and knowledge of preventive measures.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, July 1992, Vol.22, No.1, p.109-115. 24 ref.

CIS 92-1877 Riihimäki V., Kivistö H., Peltonen K., Helpiö E., Aitio A.
Assessment of exposure to carbon disulfide in viscose production workers from urinary 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid determinations
The follow-up of environmental carbon disulfide (CS₂) exposure and urinary excretion of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) among 20 operatives over a four-day working week in two viscose producing factories confirmed earlier observations that TTCA is a sensitive and reliable indicator of exposure to CS₂. Exposure to as low as 0.5-1.0ppm (1.6-3.2mg/m³) of CS₂ was associated with detectable amounts of TTCA in urine. Approximately 3% (range 2-6.5%) of absorbed CS₂ was detected in urine as TTCA. Consequently, urinary excretion of TTCA, relative to CS₂ exposure, increased by about one-third during the working week. Urinary TTCA concentration of 4.5mmol/mol creatinine in a postshift sample corresponded to a TWA exposure to 10ppm CS₂ towards the end of the working week.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, July 1992, Vol.22, No.1, p.85-97. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 92-1249 Stubb S., Heikkilä H., Reitamo S., Förström L.
Contact allergy to tioconazole
In 15 months, allergic patch test reactions to tioconazole in 14 patients were detected; 9 of the 14 patients were allergic to additional imidazole derivatives used as antifungal agents. The positive patch test reactions to tioconazole may have been caused either by simultaneous sensitisation or more probably by cross-reactivity between the various commercially used imidazole derivatives with a similar chemical structure. The abundant use of tioconazole in concentrated (up to 28%) topical formulations in Finland could be the major cause of the apparent increase in allergic reactions.
Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 1992, Vol.26, No.3, p.155-158. 3 ref.

CIS 92-945
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Isobenzan
Isobenzan, also called Telodrin, is highly toxic and very persistent. Although no longer manufactured, it may still be present in the original waste disposal sites or dredgings from contaminated sediments. Data on exposed humans are limited to studies on workers in a factory in the Netherlands during the manufacture and formulation of isobenzan; several cases of intoxication and convulsions were reported. The available information on the hazards of isobenzan is incomplete, but is sufficient to indicate that no human or environmental exposure to this substance should be allowed. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 62p. 88 ref. Price: CHF 10.00 (in developing countries: CHF 7.00).

CIS 92-573
Dutch Expert Committee for Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden)
Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for piperazine
Evaluation of the health hazards of exposure to piperazine (based in part on the consensus report on piperazine by the Swedish National Board of Occupational Safety and Health). Attention is given to: identity, physical and chemical properties, monitoring; sources of exposure; environment levels and human exposure; guidelines and standards; toxicokinetics; effects in animals and man (acute toxicity, long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity); previous evaluations by (inter)national bodies; evaluation of human health risk. Analysis of the data available led to a recommended health-based occupational exposure limit for piperazine of 0.1mg/m³ (0.03ppm) as an 8-h TWA concentration. For short-term exposure a 15-min value of 0.3mg/m³ (0.1ppm) is recommended. Summary in Dutch.
Department of Social Affairs and Employment, Directorate-General of Labour (Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid, Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 90804, 2509 LV Den Haag, Netherlands, 1992. iii, 35p. Illus. 58 ref.

1991

CIS 07-1422
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Diquat - Guía de higiene y seguridad
Diquat - Health and safety guide [en inglés]
Este documento contiene consejos prácticos para la aplicación de directivas sobre la limitación de la exposición en el volumen 39 (CIS 86-214) de la serie Criterios de Higiene Ambiental. Temas tratados: identidad y empleos del diquat; riesgos para la salud; vigilancia médica y primeros auxilios; seguridad de almacenamiento y uso; riesgos medioambientales; resumen de informaciones sobre seguridad química destinadas a ser exhibidas en los lugares de trabajo; reglamentos y recomendaciones en vigor. El diquat es tóxico y si se ingiere puede ser mortal. Se trata de un producto irritante para la piel, los ojos y las vías respiratorias. Este compuesto, a concentraciones altas, puede causar vesículas y afectar a las uñas
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 31p. Illus. 20 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg052.htm [en inglés]

CIS 07-1421
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Paraquat - Guía de higiene y seguridad
Paraquat - Health and safety guide [en inglés]
Este documento contiene consejos prácticos para la aplicación de directivas sobre la limitación de la exposición en el volumen 39 (CIS 86-214) de la serie Criterios de Higiene Ambiental. Temas tratados: identidad y empleos del paraquat; riesgos para la salud; vigilancia médica y primeros auxilios; seguridad de almacenamiento y uso; riesgos medioambientales; resumen de informaciones sobre seguridad química destinadas a ser exhibidas en los lugares de trabajo; reglamentos y recomendaciones en vigor. El paraquat es altamente tóxico y por ingestión puede llegar a producir la muerte. El contacto con el producto en forma líquida puede causar lesiones cutáneas y oculares graves. La inhalación causa irritación de las vías respiratorias
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 36p. Illus. 20 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg051.htm [en inglés]

CIS 07-1397
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Isobenzan - Guía de higiene y seguridad
Isobenzan - Health and safety guide [en inglés]
Este documento contiene consejos prácticos para la aplicación de directivas sobre la limitación de la exposición en el volumen 129 (CIS 92-945) de la serie Criterios de Higiene Ambiental. Temas tratados: identidad y empleos del isobenzan (insecticida órganoclorado); riesgos para la salud; vigilancia médica y primeros auxilios; seguridad de almacenamiento y uso; riesgos medioambientales; reglamentos y recomendaciones en vigor. Aunque el isobenzan ya no se produce, este insecticida órganoclorado aun puede estar presente en los vertederos originales de residuos industriales o en los lodos de dragado procedentes de sedimentos aun contaminados. Esta sustancia es muy tóxica y muy persistente en el medio ambiente. Los riesgos para la salud incluyen la intoxicación por contacto cutáneo o por inhalación de polvos e irritación ocular
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 23p. Illus. 18 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg061.htm [en inglés]

CIS 00-942 Benzotiazol-2-tiol
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 1183. Ficha Química Internacional de Seguridad. Vías de exposición: inhalación y absorción cutánea. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: un contacto prolongado o repetido con la piel puede inducir dermatitis y sensibilización cutánea.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 00-344 Acido amino-3,5,6-tricloropiridina-2-carboxílico
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 1246. Ficha Química Internacional de Seguridad. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: irritación de la piel, ojos y vías respiratorias. Efectos de una exposición prolongada: puede dañar el hígado. Valor límite de exposición: 10 mg/m3.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 98-1126 Estricnina
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 0197 (CIS 92-1117). Ficha química internacional de seguridad. Temas tratados: almacenamiento; contaminación del medio; control de incendios; convulsiones; estricnina; efectos neurotóxicos; eliminación de vertidos; eliminación de residuos; España; etiquetado; insuficiencia respiratoria; IPCS; nota informativa; primeros auxilios; riesgos químicos; riesgos nocivos para la salud; riesgos de incendio; sustancias tóxicas; sistema nervioso central; traducción; valores umbral.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 98-68 Alcohol tetrahidrofurfurílico
Versión española de la futura IPCS ICSC 1159. Ficha Química Internacional de Seguridad. Temas tratados: ficha de datos; alcohol tetrahidrofurfurílico; efectos neurotóxicos; eliminación de vertidos; eliminación de residuos; España; etiquetado; irritación; lucha contra incendios; IPCS; primeros auxilios; riesgos químicos; riesgos para la salud; riesgos de explosión; riesgos de incendio; almacenamiento.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1804 Warfarina
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 10-0821. Ficha internacional de seguridad de las substancias químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; síntomas diferidos; puede provocar hemorragias. Efectos de una exposición de larga duración: puede afectar el sistema reproductor. Límite de exposición: valor-umbral (TLV): 0,1ppm, 0,1mg/m3 (TWA) (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 0,001mg/m3 (URSS 1988).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1802 Trocloseno sódico
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 6-0437. Ficha internacional de seguridad de las substancias químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: irritación ocular, cutánea y de vías respiratorias; efecto corrosivo en caso de ingestión; edema pulmonar; neumonía química. Efectos de una exposición prolongada: dermatitis; puede afectar los pulmones.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1466 1,2,4-Triazol
Versión española de la ficha IPCS ICSC 9-0682. Ficha Internacional de Seguridad de las Sustancias Químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; irritación ocular y cutánea. Los datos existentes sobre los riesgos para la salud de esta sustancia son insuficientes.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 96-2003 Disulfuro de di(benzotiazol-2-ilo)
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 7-0505. Ficha internacional de seguridad de las sustancias químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; irritación de ojos, piel y vías respiratorias. Efectos de una exposición prolongada: sensibilización cutánea. Los datos disponibles sobre los riesgos patológicos de esta sustancia son insuficientes.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 96-284 Kaloyanova F.P., El Batawi M.A.
Toxicología de los pesticidas en el ser humano
Human toxicology of pesticides [en inglés]
Este manual ofrece información toxicológica correspondiente a las siguientes categorías de pesticidas: compuestos organofosforados; carbamatos; compuestos organoclorados; piretroides sintéticos; compuestos organostánicos; compuestos clorfenoxy; dipiridilos. La información suministrada incluye: propiedades, usos, metabolismo, toxicidad (mecanismos de acción), relación dosis-efectos, efectos sobre los humanos y prevención de la exposición. Otros capítulos tratan de diversos pesticidas, de los efectos para la salud de la exposición a varias sustancias, de la epidemiología de la intoxicación aguda a los pesticidas y de los períodos de seguridad que deben respetarse antes de entrar en los locales donde se hayan empleado pesticidas.
CRC Press Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W., Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA, 1991. x, 196p. Ref.bibl. Indice. Precio: GBP 104,00.

CIS 95-1612 Teofilina
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 9-0678. Ficha internacional de seguridad química. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; alteraciones cardiovasculares; efectos neurotóxicos
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1611 Tetrahidrotiofeno
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 9-0677. Ficha internacional de seguridad química. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; irritación de ojos, piel y vías respiratorias; quemaduras químicas; efectos neurotóxicos (sistema nervioso central). Efectos de una exposición prolongada: dermatitis; pérdida de grasa de la piel en contacto con el líquido.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1610 Tetrahidrofurano
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 8-0578. Ficha internacional de seguridad química. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: irritación ocular, cutánea y de vías respiratorias; efectos neurotóxicos (sistema nervioso central); efectos narcóticos. Efetos de una exposición prolongada: dermatitis; pérdida de grasa de la piel en contacto con el líquido; puede afectar el hígado y los riñones. Límites de exposición: valor umbral (TLV): 200 ppm, 590 mg/m3 (TWA); 250 ppm, 737 mg/m3 (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 103 mg/m3
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1603 Sulfato de nicotina
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 7-5206. Ficha internacional de seguridad química. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; síntomas diferidos; irritación de ojos y piel; efectos neurotóxicos (sistema nervioso central); convulsiones; insuficiencia respiratoria.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1772 Ghosh S.K., Gokani V.N., Doctor P.B., Parikh J.R., Kashyap S.K.
Estudio de las medidas adoptadas para luchar contra los "Síntomas Verdes" en los segadores de tabaco en la India
Intervention studies against "Green Symptoms" among Indian tobacco harvesters [en inglés]
Se estudió la aparición de síntomas de la enfermedad del tabaco verde (náuseas, vómitos, vértigos, abatimiento y debilidad) y la eliminación urinaria de nicotina y cotinina entre los cultivadores de tabaco que trabajaban en pequeñas explotaciones en la India. La mayoría de estos individuos mostraban una reducción de los síntomas cuando llevaban guantes y también descendían las concentraciones urinarias de nicotina y cotinina. Cuando utilizaban simultáneamente guantes, calcetines y botas, sus índices de secreción de estos productos disminuían de forma significativa y no manifestaban ningún síntoma. La protección añadida que aseguraba el empleo de calcetines y botas contribuía indudablemente a reducir la absorción de nicotina por los piés.
Archives of Environmental Health, set.-oct. 1991, vol.46, n°5, p.316-317. 7 ref.

CIS 95-1231 2-Pirrolidona
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 7-0562. Ficha internacional de seguridad de las sustancias químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; efetos corrosivos sobre los ojos; puede provocar lesiones oculares con pérdida permanente de la visión.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1214 Simazina
Versión española de IPCS ICSC 9-0699. Ficha internacional de seguridad de las sustancias químicas. Efectos de una exposición de corta duración: absorción cutánea; irritación ocular; efectos neurotóxicos. Efectos de una exposición de larga duración: sensibilización cutánea; puede afectar el hígado, los riñones y el sistema cardiovascular; riesgo de lesiones genéticas en el hombre; puede afectar el crecimiento del recién nacido.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, España, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1825 Dihidroditartrato de nicotina
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0521. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; respiratory insufficiency.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1480 Cumafos
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0422. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; neurotoxic effects; inhibition of cholinesterase. Long-term exposure effects: significant depletion of blood cholinesterase.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1636 Neuberger M., Landvoigt W., Derntl F.
Blood levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in chemical workers after chloracne and in comparison groups
A study was made of workers involved in the production of chlorophenoxy herbicides. Nine production workers with a history of chloracne from exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in 1971-1973 had a median level of 340pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) per gram blood lipid in 1990. This was significantly higher than blood levels in four controls without chloracne and no known exposure from the same plant and in 17 external controls. Results demonstrate that chloracne may be considered as a reliable indicator of heavy dioxin exposure.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1991, Vol.63, No.5, p.325-327. 13 ref.

CIS 94-1147 Cianazina
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0391. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; eye irritation. Long-term exposure effects: may cause birth defects.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1143 Ciclofosfamida
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0689. International chemical safety card. Short term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; may affect the kidneys, bladder, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, heart and blood. Long term exposure effects: dermatitis; human carcinogen; may cause heritable genetic damage; antifertility effects; may cause birth defects.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 93-595 Taeger E., Mieck K.P., Banke K.H.
Application of polyozadiazole fibres for protective clothing
Anwendung von Polyoxadiozolfasern in der Arbeitsschutzbekleidung [en alemán]
The results of resistance tests of poly-p-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole (POD) fibres to heat, fire, water vapour, solvents, ultraviolet radiation, warm acids and alkaline substances are presented. The POD fibre is capable of resisting temperatures above 300°C for short periods of time and temperatures of 200°C and below for long periods of time. It is fire and solvent resistant. The possible applications of the fibres, such as in bag filters for flue gas cleaning or protective clothing, are outlined. In tests of the thermal insulating property of protective gloves made of the fibre, the POD gloves were comparable to those made of asbestos fibre.
Chemiefasern / Textil-Industrie, 1991, Vol.41, No.3, p.T28-T33. Illus. 16 ref.

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