Aromatic amines - 303 entradas encontradas
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1984
CIS 85-762
Candura F., Moscato G.
Do amines induce occupational asthma in workers manufacturing polyurethane foams?
12 workers occupationally exposed to polyurethane foams and with symptoms of wheezing and breathlessness were subjected to a bronchial provocation test with methacholine (to establish a dose-response curve), toluenediisocyanate (TDI) at 0.01ppm, and toluenediamine (TDA) at 1.31mg/m3 and at 3.21mg/m3. High sensitivity to methacholine (positive response below 1000g administered) was shown in 10 subjects. All the subjects had positive reactions to TDI, and none of them responded to TDA at either concentration. These data suggest that TDI is the agent for the respiratory symptoms, and that TDA does not produce asthma.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1984, Vol.41, No.4, p.552-553. Illus. 10 ref.
CIS 85-454
Baud F.J., Galliot M., Cantineau J.P., Muszinsky J., Bolo A., Benahmed T., Bismuth C.
Rhabdomyolysis due to acute poisoning by p-phenylenediamine
Rhabdomyolyse au cours d'une intoxication aiguë par la para-phénylène diamine [en francés]
Case study of acute poisoning by para-phenylenediamine (PPD), used as a dyeing agent, and ingested accidentally by 2 people (1 fatality). The patient who eventually died had symptoms of oedema of the upper half of the body, respiratory distress requiring artificial respiration and acute organic renal insufficiency with anuria. Methaemoglobinaemia on admission to hospital was normal. Muscle biopsy showed lesions of the skeletal muscle. Infrared spectroscopy of the ingested dye confirmed the presence of pure PPD. The muscular toxicity in man of PPD, already known experimentally, is confirmed.
Journal de toxicologie médicale, July-Sep. 1984, Vol.4, No.3, p.279-283. Illus. 8 ref.
CIS 85-121
Oliver L.C., Weber R.P.
Chest pain in rubber chemical workers exposed to carbon disulphide and methaemoglobin formers
This study of chest pain and/or coronary heart disease (CHD) was carried out on 94 rubber-chemical workers exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2) and methaemoglobin-forming aromatic amines, and on 87 controls. Matching the workers and controls for known CHD risk factors, the association between the chemicals and diseases studied could be measured. Chest pain and angina pectoris were significantly related to exposure. Abnormal ECGs were more numerous in the exposed group, but the difference was not significant. An acute effect of exposure on the heart cannot be demonstrated.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1984, Vol.41, No.3, p.296-304. Illus. 24 ref.
CIS 84-1596
(Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (France))
o-Toluidine
O-Toluidine [en francés]
Synonym (2-methylbenzeneamine), use, physical and chemical properties, methods of detection and determination in air, fire hazards, pathology and toxicity in animals and man (acute, chronic; mutagenicity, carcinogenicity), TLV (ACGIH value in the US in 1983: 2ppm, i.e. 9mg/m3). Regulations in effect in France for the protection of the workplace and the environment, and French and international regulations for transportation. Technical and medical recommendations.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 2nd quarter 1984, No.115, p.259-262. 16 ref.
CIS 84-728
Domšlak M.G. United Nations Environment Programme
Aniline
Data sheet in the form of a review of the Soviet literature on the toxicity and hazards of aniline. Contents: physical properties; manufacture; uses; pathways into the environment; bioconcentration, clearance mammalian metabolites; mammalian toxicity; special toxicological studies (mutagenicity, neurotoxicity and behavioural effects, synergistic effects of adrenaline, carbocholine, lipamide, dimethylnitrosamine, ultraviolet radiation, etc.); sampling and analysis; treatment of poisoning; recommendations (health engineering, personal protection, personal hygiene, medical supervision; maximum allowable workplace concentration: 0.1mg/m3).
Centre of International Projects, GKNT, Moskva, USSR, 1984. 17p. 47 ref.
1983
CIS 84-1396
LeVine M.J.
Occupational photosensitivity to diaminodiphenylmethane
A telephone service installer developed redness and blisters on skin exposed to the sun. Patch testing showed the reaction to be due to the title compound, a component of insulating material. This is the first report of the compound's photosensitising potential. As transfer to other work was impossible, the worker's condition was treated by shielding his skin with cloth or sun-blocking ointment.
Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1983, Vol.9, No.6, p.488-490. 3 ref.
CIS 84-1370
Holmberg B., Kronevi T., Ackevi S., Ekner A.
Carcinogenicity testing of diphenylamine and gamma-butyrolactone by oral administration to male mice
Prövning av carcinogen aktivitet hos difenylamin och gamma-butyrolakton med peroral administrering på hanmöss [en sueco]
300mg/kg body weight of diphenylamine (DPA) and 750mg/kg γ-butyrolactone (GBL) were administered weekly for 18 months, to 125 and 95 mice respectively. The animals were sacrificed after 26 and 52 weeks. Tumours (lymphomas and alveolar adenomas) occurred in 22.9% of the animals in the DPA group and in 38.8% of the GBL group. In a control group given dimethylnitrosamine, the tumour rate was 85.7%. There was an increased rate of lymphohistiocytic nephritis in the group receiving DPA.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 35p. Illus. 8 ref.
CIS 84-1369
Holmberg B., Kronevi T., Ackevi S., Ekner A.
Carcinogenicity testing of p-phenylenediamine by intraperitoneal injection in newborn mice (neonatal study)
Prövning av carcinogen aktivitet hos p-fenylendiamin med intraperitoneal injektion på nyfödda möss (neonatalförsök) [en sueco]
Daily doses of 30mg p-phenylenediamine (PPD) per kg body weight were administered for 5 days to 51 male and 55 female neonates, which were sacrificed after 26 and 52 weeks. PPD did not affect body weight or survival. Tumours (lymphomas, alveolar adenomas) occurred in 30.1% compared with 18.2% in a control group given the vehicle (oil) alone, and 82.1% in controls receiving urethane. Compared with the vehicle group, PPD slightly increased the overall tumour rate.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 35p. Illus. 5 ref.
CIS 84-1368
Holmberg B., Kronevi T., Ackevi S., Ekner A.
Carcinogenicity testing of p-phenylenediamine by oral administration to pregnant mice (transplacental study)
Prövning av carcinogen aktivitet hos p-fenylendiamin med peroral administrering på gravida möss (transplacentalförsök) [en sueco]
30mg p-phenylenediamine (PPD) per kg body weight was administered daily from the 10th to the 19th days of pregnancy to 22 mice. Control groups received urethane (300mg/kg body weight) and soy-bean oil (10ml/kg body weight) used as vehicle for PPD. Offspring were sacrificed after 27 weeks, and dams and offspring after 51 weeks. PPD produced tumours in 31.2% of animals (lymphomas, alveolar adenomas). In a control group given the vehicle alone, the rate of tumour production was 30.5%, and in that receiving urethane it was 70.9%. Administration of PPD did not change the frequency of tumours in either the dams or the offspring, while tumour frequency with urethane was significantly higher.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1983. 44p. Illus. 5 ref.
CIS 84-1287
Scansetti G., Buglione E., Massiccio M.M., Greghi D., Botta G.C., Pavan I., Belliardo F., Pira E.
Environmental and biological monitoring of N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) in a rubber-vulcanising workshop
Determinazione ambientale e biologica di N-isopropil-N'-fenil-p-fenilendiammina (IPPD) in un reparto di vulcanizzazione della gomma [en italiano]
IPPD was the only aromatic amine used as an antioxidant in the vulcanising workshop of a small factory producing rubber parts for automobiles. IPPD levels in the air of the workplace were high, in some personal samples exceeding 1mg/m3. Urinary excretion levels of IPPD at the end of the shift were 107.6µg/L (average) with a maximum of 694.0µg/L. The suggested absorption path is inhalation.
Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1983, Vol.74, No.6, p.464-474. Illus. 9 ref.
CIS 84-1015
Preventing health hazards from exposure to benzidine congener dyes
The sources of exposure, and methods of reducing exposure, to dyes based on benzidine, o-toluidine, and o-dianisidine are described. Health effects and appropriate personal protective equipment and medical and environmental evaluation techniques are also outlined. An extensive appendix provides trade names of dyes.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NIOSH, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Jan. 1983. 46p.
CIS 83-1955
Lourtioux-Touati F.
State of legislation in the EEC countries with respect to the prevention and compensation of disorders due to aromatic amines
Etat des législations dans les différents pays de la C.E.E. sur la prévention et la réparation des affections entraînées par les amines aromatiques [en francés]
To evaluate the possibility of harmonising the legislation in various EEC countries that concerns the prevention of bladder cancer due to carcinogenic amines, this thesis reviews the toxicity of the aromatic amines in the work environment, the modalities of compensation of occupational diseases in the EEC, and the technical and medical measures which can be taken to prevent occupational disorders due to aromatic amines. Provisions for such disorders differ widely within the EEC. Italian legislation may provide the best model for the other countries.
Université René Descartes, Faculté de médecine Paris-Ouest, Paris, France, 1983. 82p. 48 ref.
CIS 83-1110
Matsushima M., Murakami N., Fukazawa K., Yagishita T., Fujio K., Miura K., Sawamura Y., Tajima M., Nakayama K., Shirai M., Ando K.
Occupational cancer of the urinary bladder: The diagnostic value of urinary cytology in dyestuff workers exposed to aromatic amine
Urinary cytological tests were used since 1967 to screen 90 dyestuff workers exposed to aromatic amines in the period after 1945. 13 cases of bladder tumour and one case of asynchronous bilateral ureteral tumour were found. Following a positive exfoliative cytologic result, bladder tumours were confirmed in 5 cases within 3 months, in 4 more cases within one year and in all cases within 3 years. After various forms of therapy, survival at 5, 10 and 15 years was 84, 55 and 44% respectively. Cause of death was metastasis of the bladder tumour in 5 cases and cancer of other organs in 6. Exfoliative cytology was superior to cystoscopy or histology for early detection of bladder tumours in this group. Summary in English.
Japanese Journal of Urology, Jan. 1983, Vol.74, No.1, p.81-99. Illus. 35 ref.
1982
CIS 89-96
Phenylenediamine
m-fenyleenidiamiinihydrokloridi [en finlandés]
Chemical safety information sheet. Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) = 100mg/kg; irritates the skin, the eyes and the mucous membranes. Long-term exposure can cause chronic conjunctivitis, inflammation of the respiratory tract and allergic eczema. Mandatory European labelling: T, R23, R24, R25, S28, S44.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, May 1982. 2p. Original on microfiche.
CIS 88-60
p-Anisidine
p-anisidiini [en finlandés]
The substance p-anisidine is a toxic liquid (LD50 = 675mg/kg). The liquid is absorbed through the skin. Toxic if ingested. It irritates and corrodes the skin. Can cause chemical burns. The vapour irritates the eyes, the mucous membranes and the respiratory tract. Lacrymating agent. Long term exposure can cause eczema. The vapour can damage the respiratory tract and tooth enamel. Mandatory European labelling: T, R26, R27, R28, R33, S28, S36, S37, S45.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finlande, May 1982. 2p. Original on microfiche.
CIS 87-1200
Benzidine
Bentsidiini [en finlandés]
Benzidine is a highly toxic carcinogenic agent (LD50 = 309mg/kg). It is easily absorbed through the skin. Toxic if inhaled, ingested or in contact with the skin. Causes methaemoglobinaemia, headache and nausea. Long term exposure can cause renal and hepatic damage. Mandatory European labelling: T, R26, R27, R28, R38, R39, R102, S22, S27, S36, S45, S23, S38, S46, S102.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, May 1982. 2p. Original on microfiche.
CIS 87-844
2-Naphthylamine
2-Naftyyliamiini [en finlandés]
2-naphthylamine is toxic by inhalation and is easily absorbed through the skin (LD50 = 727mg/kg). Causes allergic eczema. Carcinogenic. Used only for research purposes, with a special permit necessary. Mandatory European labelling: T, R26, R27, R28, R39, R103, S22, S27, S36, S45, S102.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, May 1982. 2p. Original on microfiche.
CIS 87-787
Benzidine
Bentsidiini [en finlandés]
Benzidine is very toxic by inhalation. It is absorbed easily through the skin, toxic when ingested (LD50 = 309mg/kg). Causes methaemoglobinaemia, headache and nausea, and as long term effects, kidney and liver damage. Carcinogenic. Special permit required for use (only for research purposes). Mandatory European labelling: T, R26, R27, R28, R38, R39, R102, S22, S27, S36, S45, S23, S38, S46, S102.
Register of Safety Information of Chemical Products, National Board of Labour Protection, Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, May 1982. 2p. Original on microfiche.
CIS 84-784
Kaniwa M., Kojima S., Nakamura A., Ishihara M.
Chemical approach to contact dermatitis caused by household products - I. N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine in heavy duty rubber gloves
Patch testing with 3 kinds of rubber gloves and various rubber additives on a subject who had developed allergic contact dermatitis while wearing heavy duty rubber gloves revealed a sensitivity to N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD). Reactions continued for 2 weeks. Chemical analysis showed that gloves contained IPPD and styrenated phenol (SP) at 177 and 1600µg/g, respectively. Reactivity to styrenated phenol was not tested. The IPPD additive was considered to be the causative agent.
Journal of Hygienic Chemistry - Eisei Kagaku, June 1982, Vol.28, No.3, p.137-145. Illus. 15 ref.
CIS 83-1992
Tanaka K., Mii T., Marui S., Matsubara I., Igaki H.
Some aspects of metabolism and mutagenicity of o-tolidine and an o-tolidine-based azo dye
Assays using the Salmonella/microsome test revealed that the urine extracts of rats orally administered o-tolidine were more strongly mutagenic than o-tolidine itself. Similarly, Evans Blue dye did not exhibit mutagenicity, but the urine extracts of rats administered Evans Blue were mutagenic. Both 3,3'-dimethyl-N-acetylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethyl-N,N'-diacetylbenzidine were identified as urinary metabolites of o-tolidine and Evans Blue. Accidental oral ingestion of biphenyl-based dyes should be avoided.
Industrial Health, 1982, Vol.20, No.3, p.227-235. Illus. 14 ref.
CIS 83-1960
Shimizu H., Suzuki Y., Akiyama I., Sakitani T., Takemura N.
Mutagenicity of epoxy resin hardeners
Using the Ames test, 8 of 9 aromatic amines used as epoxy resin hardeners exhibited mutagenicity. They were: 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline); 1,4'-phenylenebis(4-aminophenyl) ether; 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane; 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether; 4-aminodiphenyl ether; 1,3-phenylenebis(4-aminophenyl) ether; 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether; 3,4,4'-triaminodiphenyl ether. Only 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone did not exhibit mutagenic activity.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, 1982, Vol.24, No.5, p.498-503. Illus. 17 ref.
CIS 83-1654
Cartwright R.A., Rogers H.J., Barham-Hall D., Glashan R.W., Ahmad R.A., Higgins E., Kahn M.A.
Role of N-acetyltransferase phenotypes in bladder carcinogenesis: A pharmacogenetic epidemiological approach to bladder cancer
A large excess of patients with bladder cancer who have been exposed to N-substituted aryl compounds in production of dye intermediates have the slow phenotype of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase. Acetylator phenotyping in hospital patients with bladder cancer and controls is reported. Clerical workers and engineers using machine oils had slow-acetylator frequencies that were not significantly different from controls. All but 1 of 23 dye workers were slow acetylators. The results were highly significant. It is suggested that acetylator status could be used to identify susceptible individuals in potentially hazardous occupations.
Lancet, 16 Oct. 1982, Vol.II, No.8303, p.842-846. 18 ref.
CIS 83-1348
Lipski K.
Liquid chromatographic determination of dimethylformamide, methylenebisphenyl isocyanate and methylenebisphenylamine in air samples
For sampling of the mixture, silica gel coated with diethylamine was used. Since isocyanate is highly reactive, it must be rapidly converted into a stable derivative. This was achieved by reaction with diethylamine. After desorption of the mixture, compounds are separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Spectrophotometric detection was used for determination of the mixture components.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1982, Vol.25, No.1, p.1-4. Illus. 15 ref.
CIS 83-1004
Parodi S., Santi L., Russo P., Albini A., Vecchio D., Pala M., Ottaggio L., Carbone A.
DNA damage induced by auramine O in liver, kidney, and bone marrow of rats and mice, and in a human cell line (alkaline elution assay and SCE induction)
DNA fragmentation in liver, kidney and bone marrow cells using commercial auramine O and the induction of sister chromatid exchanges in bone marrow cells are described. An intraperitoneal LD50 of 135mg/kg was determined.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, May-June 1982, Vol.9, No.5-6, p.941-952. Illus. 31 ref.
CIS 83-731
Health and Safety Executive
Benzidine-based dyes: health and safety precautions
This guidance note gives advice on the general precautions appropriate for avoiding and controlling all types of exposure to benzidine-based dyes in industrial use. In addition, specific precautions are set out for certain operations (breaking down and weighing out, work in colour stores, mixing solutions, handling solutions, dye-stripping and handling dyed goods). Information is also given on welfare facilities and some relevant legal requirements.
HM Stationery Office, 49 High Holborn, London WC1V 6HB, United Kingdom, Aug. 1982. 4p. 2 ref. Price: £0.50.
CIS 83-784
Nishida N., Nakamura I., Kudo Y., Kagami M.
Effects of aromatic nitro and amino compounds on the osmotic fragility of red cells
The effects of single and repeated injections of p-nitrochlorobenzene (PNCB), aniline (AN) and phenylhydrazine (PH) were studied in rabbits using the coil planet centrifuge system. Methaemoglobin and the appearance of Heinz bodies were also studied. Osmotic fragility increased immediately after a single injection of 50-200mg/kg PNCB, 50-500mg/kg AN, or 25-45mg/kg PH. On repeated injections, the haemolysis starting point was shifted towards higher osmotic pressure; the haemolysis ending point was shifted towards higher osmotic pressure with 10mg/kg PNCB and AN, and lower osmotic pressure with 5mg/kg/day PNCB and PH. Changes in red cell membranes were detected even when no increase in methaemoglobin levels were found. The coil planet centrifuge method is useful for examination of workers exposed to these compounds.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, Mar. 1982, Vol.24, p.172-180. Illus. 19 ref.
CIS 83-476
Hamill P.V.V., Steinberger E., Levine R.J., Rodriguez-Rigan L.J., Lemeshow S., Avrunin J.S.
The epidemiologic assessment of male reproductive hazard from occupational exposure to TDA and DNT
As the result of reports that toluenediamine (TDA) and dinitrotoluene (DNT), which are used in the production of tolylene diisocyanate and polyurethane plastics, may cause reproductive effects in rodents, and a preliminary survey which showed a probable reproductive effect in humans, a study was carried out on 84 workers exposed to DNT/TDA and 119 controls. Each worker had a urogenital examination, completed a reproductive and fertility questionnaire, an estimation of testicular volume, an assessment of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, and an analysis of semen for sperm count and morphology. No differences were found between the exposed and control groups. TDA and DNT did not present a detectable reproductive hazard to these workers.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Dec. 1982, Vol.24, No.12, p.985-993. 40 ref.
CIS 83-126
Elia V.J., Powers K.M., Burg W.R.
A solid sorbent air sampling method for o-phenylenediamine (OPD)
A method has been developed for collecting, storing, and quantifying airborne vapours of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) in the workplace. The vapours are collected on 100mg of Tenax-GC, desorbed, and converted to the diacetamidobenzene derivative. A solution of the derivative is injected in to a liquid chromatograph for analysis. The limit of detection was approximately 10ng. Samples collected from test atmospheres containing OPD in dry air at concentrations in the 0.05-0.2mg/m3 range gave an overall recovery of 86.6%. A 79% recovery was obtained for samples collected from atmospheres at 80% relative humidity. The capacity of the tube is ≥25µg which is sufficient for short or long term sampling.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1982, Vol.43, No.3, p.196-200. Illus. 7 ref.
CIS 83-118
p-Phenylenediamine
p-Phénylènediamine [en francés]
Sections of this toxicology data sheet: synonyms; appearance; uses; pathology (ingestion, dust, or in solution: allergic dermatitis, asthma, coryza); industrial safety (dust control, personal protection, TLV: 0.1mg/m3); French regulations.
Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 2nd quarter 1982, Vol.22, Special Toxicology Issue (Supplement to No.86), p.43. 4 ref.
CIS 82-1639
Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Some aromatic amines, anthraquinones and nitroso compounds, and inorganic fluorides used in drinking-water and dental preparations
For each substance included in this report, sections cover: chemical and physical data; production, use, occurrence, analysis; biological data relevant to carcinogenic risk (animal studies, effects on humans, mutagenicity); summary of data and evaluation; references.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert-Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 2, France, Apr. 1982, Vol.27, 341p. Bibl. Price: SF.40.00.
CIS 82-1722
Ancona A., Monroy F., Fernández-Diez J.
Occupational dermatitis from IPPD in tyres
Case study and discussion of contact dermatitis due to N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl paraphenylenediamine (IPPD), an antioxidant used in the manufacture of rubber, in a tyre assembler. Literature survey.
Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 1982, Vol.8, No.2, p.91-94. Illus. 5 ref.
CIS 82-1117
Kusters E.
Acute aniline toxicity
Acute toxiciteit van aniline [en holandés]
General data on aniline are followed by a description of 2 cases of acute poisoning due to cutaneous absorption of aniline (jet of aniline into the face of a tank truck driver during a delivery stop; spillage on to an operator's leg while a sample was being taken). Discussion of the symptoms, description of the mechanism of methaemoglobin formation, diagnosis. Advice on treatment.
Tijdschrift voor sociale geneeskunde, 9 June 1982, Vol.60, No.12, p.326-329. Illus. 14 ref.
1981
CIS 90-1760
Circulars No. 46 of 12.6.1979 and No. 61 of 4.6.1981 of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security on the general technical standards concerning the prevention of risks from aromatic amines in industry [Italy]
Circolari n°46... e n°61 del Ministero del Lavoro e della Previdenza Sociale concernente la normativa tecnica per la prevenzione dei rischi da ammine aromatiche nelle industrie [en italiano]
Two ministerial circulars establishing the legal basis for the implementation of technical standards concerning the industrial use of aromatic amines. An Annex to circular No.46 provides a classification (from the point of view of carcinogenicity) and listing of the substances concerned, a description of the general principles of technical prevention and of the technical standards for prevention of exposure, and an indication of medical surveillance methods to follow. A revised classification of aromatic amines is given in the annex to circular No.61.
In: Apricena M. et al: Ammine aromatiche, Giunta regionale, Regione Toscana, via di Novoli 26, Firenze 50127, Italy, 1987, p.55-85.
CIS 83-1609
Vasilenko N.M., Zvezdaj V.I.
Possibility of mathematical prediction of some criteria of toxicity of nitro and amino benzenoid compounds
Vozmožnosti matematičesko prognozirovanija nekotoryh kriteriev toksičnosti nitro- i aminosoedinenij benzol'nogo rjada [en ruso]
Tabulation of the LD50 values of 22 aminobenzenoids and 21 nitrobenzenoids showed that their acute toxicities increase with increasing molecular weight; coefficients of linear regression equations expressing this relationship were calculated. Two-factor and multifactor correlation analysis also revealed correlations between LD50 and the levels of haemoglobin, oxyhaemoglobin, methaemoglobin and sulfhaemoglobin in the blood of experimental animals.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Aug. 1981, No.8, p.50-52.
CIS 82-1071
Colombi A., Maroni M., Marasi G., Foà V.
Evaluation of urinary excretion of total aromatic amines with an extractive method on column
La determinazione delle ammine aromatiche totali nelle urine con metodo estrattivo su colonna [en italiano]
The specificity and biological sensitivity of the method developed by Watanabe were improved by a modification involving liquid-liquid extraction of carboxylated aromatic amines (AA) from urine using Extrelut columns. A diazo coupling at room temperature replaced the technique requiring an ice bath. The detection limit of the method was 0.3mg/l of diazotisable AA, expressed as aniline. Analytical recovery of aniline added to urine was in the range 93-96%, and within-run and between-days precision varied <5%. Reference values of urinary AA excretion determined in 83 males with no occupational exposure showed that 50% had values below the detection limit with the remainder in the range 0.30-1.10mg/l. The same samples analysed using Watanabe's method gave values in the range 1.05-10.75mg/l. Results were not affected by smoking or the age of the subject.
Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1981, Vol.72, No.6, p.514-525. Illus. 21 ref.
CIS 82-1010
Egan H., Fishbein L., Castegnaro M., O'Neil I.K., Bartsch H.
Environmental carcinogens: Selected methods of analysis. Volume 4 - Some aromatic amines and azo dyes in the general and industrial environment
This book contains 6 chapters covering biological activity, occurrence and monitoring in industry, and aromatic amines and dyes in non-industrial exposures, and provides details of 17 methods of analysis for aromatic amines of major industrial importance and aromatic amines and dyes in foods.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 2, France, 1981. 347p. Illus. Bibl. Price: SF.60.00.
CIS 82-801
Jãrvholm B., Lavenius B.
A cohort study on cancer among workers exposed to an antirust oil
3 groups of a total of 98 workers who had worked in a packing department between 1954 and 1957 in which an antirust oil containing N-phenyl-1-naphtylamine (PNA) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) was used, 33 workers in a different packing department and exposed only NaNO2, and 31 workers who had exhibited eczema as a result of exposure to PNA in the oil, were examined for excess cancer. Among women exposed to the oil containing PNA 12 cancer cases were found versus 3.9 expected. The tumours were situated in the uterus, ovaries, breast, thyroid, brain, colon and bladder. No known carcinogenic substance was found that could explain this increased incidence but PNA, or its nitroso derivative, is likely to be the causative agent.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Sep. 1981, Vol.7, No.3, p.179-184. 15 ref.
CIS 82-796
Kumar S., Taylor G., Hurst W., Wilson P., Costello C.B.
Lymphocyte reactivity of workers exposed to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals
The lymphocytes of 19 male workers exposed to Tobias acid (2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid) showed a normal range of reactivity towards bladder cancer cells. This indicates that Tobias acid, unlike 2-naphthylamine, is non-carcinogenic. The probable reason is that the relatively large size and hydrophilic properties of the sulphonic acid group prevent enzymic action on the amino group by steric hindrance. These findings strengthen the conclusion that the observed increased lymphocyte reactivity in workers exposed to bladder carcinogens is specific.
British Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1981, Vol.38, No.2, p.167-169. Illus. 14 ref.
CIS 82-773
Schmidt P., Burck D., Bürger A., Gohlke R., Jäger H., Just A., Rothe R.
Course of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane poisoning under exposure to high ambient temperatures
Zum Verlauf der 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethan-Intoxikation bei Belastung des Organismus mit erhöhter Umgebungstemperatur [en alemán]
Liver function was studied in rats following single or multiple oral administration of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (methylene 4,4'-dianiline, MDA) (16-630µmol/kg) and high ambient temperature (35°C). The high ambient temperature did not result in a significant shift in the threshold doses for hepatotoxic effects of either single or multiple MDA administration. The effects of MDA as described in the literature were confirmed but they were associated with other, as yet unreported, findings: changes in the lipid metabolism, microsomal enzyme activity and liver glycogen concentration.
Zeitschrift für die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete, Jan. 1981, Vol.27, No.1, p.51-57. 44 ref.
CIS 82-439
Walker R.F., Pinches M.A.
Chemical interference effects in the measurement of atmospheric toluene diisocyanate concentrations when sampling with an impregnated paper tape
The effect of toluenediamine (TDA), and a range of solvents and catalysts, on the measurement of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) concentrations using a commercially available impregnated paper tape was evaluated. Low concentrations of TDA occurs as a hydrolysis product of TDI in polyurethane-producing factory atmospheres, produced a significant attenuation in the stain intensity formed by a given TDI concentration on MCM 4000 TDI paper tape. No interference effects were observed for the solvents and catalysts studied.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1981, Vol.42, No.5, p.392-397. Illus. 34 ref.
CIS 81-1102
Benjamin T., Evarts R.P., Reddy T.V., Weisburger E.K.
Effect of 2,2'-diaminodiphenyl disulfide, a resin hardener, on rats.
2,2'-Diaminodiphenyl disulfide (DDDS) was developed as a substitute for 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline). In rats DDDS caused changes in the liver, forestomach, and kidney. There was one case of hepatocellular carcinoma. Phospholipid pattern changes of the liver, kidney, and spleen occurred. DDDS was not mutagenic in a Salmonella test system.
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Jan. 1981, Vol.7, No.1, p.69-81. Illus. 25 ref.
1980
CIS 82-1612
Wilson G.
Cancer at work: Dyes
This brief booklet explains the chemistry, uses and properties of dyes based on benzidine, o-dianisidine and o-tolidine. Cancer hazards associated with worker exposure and precautions to be taken in handling these materials are explained.
Trade Union Book Service, 265 Seven Sisters Road, Finsbury Park, London N4 2DE, United Kingdom, Nov. 1980. 13p. Illus. Price: £0.50.
CIS 81-2007
Boeniger M.
Carcinogenicity and metabolism of azo dyes, especially those derived from benzidine
A review of the sites of carcinogenic action of benzidine (BZ) in humans and experimental animals, the metabolism of BZ and azo compounds derived from BZ and on the epidemiological experience of industries using azo dyestuffs is presented. Industrial hygiene surveys conducted to monitor the environment of workers exposed to azo dyes and to monitor the urinary excretion of aromatic amines and benzidine to evaluate the effects of exposure and the metabolism of azo dyes in these workers are summarised. BZ and its metabolites were found in the urine of some workers exposed to BZ-derived azo dyes implying that the number of persons potentially exposed to BZ directly and indirectly, may be higher than previously estimated. It is recommended that BZ-derived dyes be handled, in manufacturing and use, as potential carcinogens. An appendix contains information on 44 specific carcinogenic dyes with their chemical structures.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, July 1980. 141p. Illus. 172 ref.
CIS 81-1035
US Department of Health and Human Services
Coal liquefaction: Recent findings in occupational safety and health.
Survey data obtained at 2 coal liquefaction pilot plants have shown that workers were exposed to low concentrations of a mixture of 29 polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs) and aromatic amines, some of which are suspected carcinogens. Low airborne concentrations of benzene, toluene, xylene and benzo(a)pyrene were also found. Samples were taken for seven aromatic amines and exposure levels were below current OSHA standards. Improved health engineering measures for containment of contaminants are recommended.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, 14p. 15 ref.
CIS 81-1090
Hervé-Bazin B., Foussereau J., Cavelier C.
Allergy due to N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) in personal protective equipment
L'allergie à la N-isopropyl-N'-phényl-p-phénylènediamine (IPPD) dans certains objets de protection individuelle. [en francés]
Results of analytical research and clinical allergic sensitisation investigations to determine IPPD-type aromatic amines in personal protective equipment made of elastomers: gloves, boots and dust respirators. Some IPPD-sensitised subjects do not react on contact with equipment containing this substance; some, on the contrary, react on contact with equipment where IPPD has not been detected on analysis. These results show up problems and gaps in analytical research and allergic sensitisation investigations when attempting to determine IPPD sensitisation due to contact with a new rubber product of unknown composition.
Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, 1980, Vol.28, No.3, p.82-88. Illus. 5 ref. (8p. supplement: German translation).
CIS 81-1015
Tanaka K.
Mutagenicity of the urine of rats treated with benzidine dyes.
Direct Black EX, Direct Green BK, and Direct Bordeaux BK, all of which have a 4,4'-bis(diazo)biphenyl group in their structure, were administered orally, and the mutagenicity of ether urine extracts tested in Salmonella typhimurium. Urinary metabolites of benzidine showed greater mutagenicity than benzidine itself. Direct Black EX was mutagenic in one Salmonella strain, the other dyes were non-mutagenic. All urine extracts showed marked mutagenicity with a similar pattern to that of benzidine.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, May 1980, Vol.22, No.3, p.194-203. 25 ref.
CIS 81-712
Pinches M.A., Walker R.F.
Determination of atmospheric contaminants using a continuous paper-tape personal monitor - I. Analysis of aromatic amines.
The system monitors time-weighted average, maximum, and minimum contaminant concentrations throughout the shift. It requires neither a stable long-term tape nor the immediate production of a stain on reaction with the contaminant. A general purpose acid-impregnated tape has been used to determine 11 primary aromatic amines. Detection limits varied, but were sometimes as low as 3ng.
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 1980, Vol.23, No.4, p.335-352. Illus. 9 ref.
CIS 81-476
Binnewies S.M.
Variations in ascorbic acid content of rat adrenal glands due to the combined action of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl and increased ambient air temperature of +35°C
Veränderungen des L-Askorbinsäuregehaltes in der Nebenniere der Ratte unter Einwirkung von 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethan und erhöhter Umgebungstemperatur von +35°C [en alemán]
Variations in ambient temperature may modify the reactivity of the body to toxic substances. As the pituitary-adrenal system is particularly sensitive to outside influences, an investigation was made to determine the informative value of this system under the combined effect of a toxic substance and a high ambient temperature. The ascorbic acid content of the adrenal glands was used as an index of the effect produced. In subacute exposure, significant dose-related (substance + temperature) reactions were observed (dose: 8, 20, 50mg/kg per os). In chronic or long-term experimental exposure, variations were due to the effects of the substance only.
Zeitschrift für die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete, Mar. 1980, Vol.26, No.3, p.173-176. Illus. 25 ref.
CIS 80-1935
Burg W.R., Winner P.C., Saltzman B.E., Elia V.J.
The development of an air sampling and analytic method for o-phenylenediamine in an industrial environment.
o-Phenylenediamine (OPD) vapour is drawn through a bubbler containing acetic anhydride to form the relatively stable 1,2-diacetamidobenzene. The acetic anhydride solution is analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the diacetamido derivative quantified. The analysis is linear for standard solutions in the range of 0.5µg to 0.5mg/ml. Air concentrations of OPD were prepared by passing a metered stream of nitrogen through a glass tube packed with OPD crystals and diluting the stream with metered air to achieve the desired level. Collection efficiency and conversion to the derivative were close to 100% at vapour concentrations of 0.09mg/m3, and approx. 60% at 0.02mg/m3. o-Toluenediamine interfered with the analysis.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1980, Vol.41, No.8, p.557-562. Illus. 9 ref.
CIS 80-1320
Special occupational hazard review for benzidine-based dyes.
Contents of this report: characteristics of benzidine-based dyes; characteristics of exposure (manufacture and uses, production volume, extent of occupational exposure); biological effects (human and animal cancer and metabolic studies); evaluation and conclusions (all these dyes should be recognised as potential human carcinogens); work practices and control recommendations (limitation of access; local exhaust ventilation; enclosure; pelleting; use of double packages with a water-soluble inner package; protective clothing; monitoring in air and urine).
DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No.80-109, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA, 1980. 60p. 79 ref.
CIS 80-1318
Campbell J.E., Konzen R.B.
The development of a passive dosimeter for airborne aniline vapors.
The dosimeter uses molecular diffusion through a tube of known geometry to determine the airborne concentrations of the contaminant being studied. Tubes of 1.5, 3, and 4.5cm length were tested with aniline vapour under controlled conditions. The method is feasible for determining time-weighted average concentrations of aniline. A 1cm diameter, 3cm long diffusion tube containing 150mg silica gel gave the most consistent results.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1980, Vol.41, No.3, p.180-184. Illus. 16 ref.
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