Lumber and the woodworking industry - 664 entries found

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1998

CIS 99-2058
Health and Safety Executive
PUWER 98: Retrofitting of braking to woodworking machines
This information note provides guidance on the retrofitting of braking systems to comply with the U.K. Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (CIS 99-1429). Topics: brakes; data sheet; deceleration; legislation; mechanical hazards; safe working methods; safety devices; United Kingdom; woodworking industry; woodworking machines.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Nov. 1998. 4p. 7 ref.

CIS 99-2057
Health and Safety Executive
PUWER 98: Selection of tooling for use with hand-fed woodworking machines
This information note provides guidance on the selection of woodworking equipment to comply with the U.K. Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (CIS 99-1429). Topics: combination woodworking machines; data sheet; information of personnel; lathes (woodworking); legislation; maintenance; manual feed; mechanical hazards; safe working methods; safety by design; safety devices; United Kingdom; woodworking industry; woodworking machines; woodworking saws.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Nov. 1998. 4p. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 99-2056
Health and Safety Executive
Safe use of manually operated cross-cut saws
Topics: adjustable guards; circular saws; data sheet; fixed guards; hand tools; induction training; maintenance; mechanical hazards; safe working methods; safety by design; safety devices; unsafe practices; woodworking industry; woodworking saws.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Nov. 1998. 4p. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 99-2055
Health and Safety Executive
Safe use of power-operated cross-cut saws
Topics: circular saws; data sheet; induction training; mechanical hazards; prevention of access; restricted areas; safe working methods; safety devices; travelling cross-cut saws; woodworking industry; woodworking saws.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Nov. 1998. 4p. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 99-1286 Georg H., Heimann M., Lessnich W., Post G.
Determination of the dust emitted by electric woodworking hand tools
Ermittlung der Staubemission von handgeführten Elektrowerkzeugen für die Holzbearbeitung [in German]
Dust emission from electric woodworking hand tools with integrated dust collectors. Topics: dust collectors; dust control; dust measurement; electric tools; hand tools; particle size distribution; sanding machines; wood dust; woodworking industry; woodworking machines; woodworking saws.
Die BG, Jan. 1998, No.1, p.36-44. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 99-914 Talini D., Monteverdi A., Benvenuti A., Petrozzino M., Di Pede F., Lemmi M., Carletti A., Macchioni P., Serretti N., Viegi G., Paggiaro P.
Asthma-like symptoms, atopy, and bronchial responsiveness in furniture workers
In a study of 296 furniture workers, the prevalence of attacks of shortness of breath with wheezing and of dyspnoea was higher in spray painters than in woodworkers or assemblers. The difference in prevalence of respiratory symptoms among job titles was due to the atopic subjects, who showed a higher prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in spray painters than in the other groups. The prevalence of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity showed no significant differences among groups. Painters in the furniture industry, particularly atopic subjects, are at higher risk of asthma-like symptoms than other job titles. In these workers, asthma-like symptoms are more sensitive than non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity in detecting a negative effect of exposure. Topics: asthma; tolylene diisocyanate; dyspnoea; epidemiologic study; furniture industry; hypersensitivity; individual susceptibility; occupation disease relation; organic solvents; paint spraying; respiratory impairment; ventilatory capacity; wood dust.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.786-791. 31 ref.

CIS 99-412 Woodworking shop
Taller de carpintería [in Spanish]
Topics: carpentry; check lists; hazard evaluation; legislation; risk factors; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material; woodworking industry.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 41p. Illus.
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_003.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 99-266 Colwell S., Hoare D.
Health and Safety Executive
Dust explosions from unenclosed sock filters
Topics: dust explosions; experimental determination; explosion hazards; explosion prevention; filter dust collectors; fire hazards; fire prevention; hazard evaluation; sources of ignition; wood dust; woodworking industry.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. iv, 35p. Illus. Price: GBP 15.00.

CIS 99-191 Demers P.A., Stellman S.D., Colin D., Boffetta P.
Nonmalignant respiratory disease mortality among woodworkers participating in the American Cancer Society cancer prevention study-II (CPS-II)
Topics: age-linked differences; asbestos; formaldehyde; epidemiologic study; long-term exposure; mortality; respiratory diseases; risk factors; smoking; wood dust; woodworking industry.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.34, No.3, p.238-243. 16 ref.

CIS 99-190 Stellman S.D., Demers P.A., Colin D., Boffetta P.
Cancer mortality and wood dust exposure among participants in the American Cancer Society cancer prevention study-II (CPS-II)
Topics: cancer; asbestos; formaldehyde; epidemiologic study; length of exposure; long-term exposure; lung cancer; mortality; nasal cancer; risk factors; wood dust; woodworking industry.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.34, No.3, p.229-237. 43 ref.

1997

CIS 01-1081
Health and Safety Executive
Health surveillance and wood dust
Aimed at employers in the woodworking industry, this information sheet provides guidance on the application of the health surveillance requirements under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 1994 (see CIS 95-19) in workplaces where employees are exposed to wood dust. Contents include: description of health surveillance; health hazards of wood; surveillance for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic diseases; suitable surveillance techniques; instruction and training.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 1997. 2p. 10 ref.

CIS 01-1185
Health and Safety Executive
COSHH and the woodworking industries
This information sheet provides advice to employers on the application of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1994 (COSHH, see CIS 95-19) to the woodworking industry. Contents: definition of a substance hazardous to health; types of potentially-harmful substances found in the woodworking industry and their routes of entry into the body; need for a risk assessment and measures to be taken following identification of risks; air sampling; dust extraction; selection of respirators; the need for health surveillance; employee training. Replaces CIS 91-517.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 1997. 4p. 19 ref.

CIS 01-1184
Health and Safety Executive
Wood dust: Hazards and precautions
This information sheet describes the safety and heath hazards associated with exposure to wood dust and the legal requirements for the control or prevention of exposure. Wood dust has been assigned maximum exposure limits of 5mg/m³ (8 hr TWA) under the British COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health) Regulations. Fire and explosion hazards are also described. Recommendations are given for dust control measures, assessment of health risks, explosion precautions and cleaning of workplaces. Replaces the document abstracted as CIS 91-513.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 1997. 2p.12 ref.

CIS 01-1183 Wood dust - Technical note: Dust capturing devices
Poussières de bois - Note technique: dispositifs de captage des poussières [in French]
Wood finishing work gives rise to fine dusts, which are among the most dangerous. Reducing dust levels in woodworking shops requires the installation of localized exhaust ventilation systems. This guidance note describes such installations, based on the example of an installation made at a specific workplace. Contents include: scope; functionality and description of the exhaust ventilation system. Dust level measurements confirm the efficiency of the system.
Caisse régionale d'assurance maladie (CRAM) des Pays de la Loire, 7 rue du Président Herriot, BP 3405, 44034 Nantes Cedex 1, France, Jan. 1997. 8p. Illus.

CIS 00-196 Freixa Blanxart A., Guardino Solá X.
Air quality: Environmental determination of formaldehyde and its measurements in particle board
Calidad del aire: determinación ambiental de formaldehído y medición de su contenido en tableros [in Spanish]
Topics: formaldehyde; colorimetry; comment on standard; data sheet; determination in air; determination of concentration; gas chromatography; high performance chromatography; particle board manufacture; sampling and analysis; Spain; wood products.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1997. 3p. 11 ref.

CIS 99-1531 Marcuccilli A., Detry H., Faure M., Hamel F., Metras E., Saenz. F., Campion S.
Analysis of the risk of occurrence of pulmonary and acute and subacute ear, nose and throat effects in woodworking shops - Data from January 1994 to January 1996
Analyse des risques de manifestations pulmonaires et ORL aiguës et subaiguës en ateliers de menuiserie bois - Receuil des données de janvier 1994 à janvier 1996 [in French]
Topics: airborne dust; chips; cross-sectional study; diseases of ear and mastoid process; diseases of nose and sinuses; dust measurement; exotic woods; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; laryngeal diseases; one-second forced expiratory volume; questionnaire survey; respiratory diseases; risk factors; ventilatory capacity; wood dust; wood; woodworking industry.
Centre Interservices de Santé et de Médecine du travail en Entreprise, 31, rue Médéric, 75832 Paris Cedex 17, France, 1997. 55p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 98-1299 Demers P.A, Teschke K., Kennedy S.M.
What to do about softwood? A review of respiratory effects and recommendations regarding exposure limits
Topics: asthma; carcinogens; carpentry; dose-response relationship; dust measurement; epidemiologic study; limitation of exposure; literature survey; nasal cancer; particle size determination; respiratory diseases; sawmilling industry; softwoods; wood dust; woodworking industry.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1997, Vol.31, No.4, p.385-398. 73 ref.

CIS 98-778 Woellner R.C., Hall S., Greaves I., Schoenwetter W.F.
Epidemic of asthma in a wood products plant using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
Topics: asthma; diphenylmethane diisocyanate; dyspnoea; respiratory function tests; respiratory impairment; sensitization; USA; woodworking industry.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1997, Vol.31, No.1, p.56-63. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 97-1837 Woodworkers - Safety guide for new employees
Menuisiers - Guide de sécurité destiné aux nouveaux arrivants [in French]
This safety booklet contains general recommendations applicable to all construction activities, as well as those specific to woodworkers for both workshops and on-site installation tasks, warnings concerning electrical risks and dangerous products, and first aid measures. It is aimed at new hires, part-time workers and employees with new job functions.
OPPBTP Comité national, Tour Amboise, 204 rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1997. 40p. Illus.

CIS 97-1923
Health and Safety Executive
Health and safety priorities for the woodworking industry
This data sheet identifies common causes of accidents and ill health in the woodworking industry and provides guidance on assessing the risks and the implementation of safety measures. Hazards covered include: hazards of woodworking machinery; being struck by flying and falling objects; falls from a height; transport; slips and trips; manual handling; fires and explosions; exposure to wood dust and hazardous chemicals; noise; and hand-arm vibration.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1997. 4p. 22 ref.

CIS 97-1988 Hertzman C., et al.
Mortality and cancer incidence among sawmill workers exposed to chlorophenate wood preservatives
A cohort study was conducted of 26,487 workers employed for at least one year between 1950 and 1985 in 11 chlorophenate-using and 3 non-using sawmills in Canada. Exposure was assessed by reconstructing industrial histories for each mill. Probabilistic record linkage to Canadian mortality and cancer registries found 4710 deaths between 1950 and 1990, and 1547 incident cases of cancer between 1969 and 1989. None of the cancers of interest had elevated mortality related to chlorophenate exposure. However non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence (n = 65) increased with increasing chlorophenate exposure hours. The results support the case for careful handling of chlorophenate at work.
American Journal of Public Health, Jan. 1997, Vol.87, No.1, p.71-79. 39 ref.

CIS 97-1926 Blot W.J., Chow W.H., McLaughlin J.K.
Wood dust and nasal cancer risk: A review of the evidence from North America
The considerable differences in risks of nasal cancer among woodworkers in North America and Europe are reviewed. Studies of American wood-dust-exposed groups do not reveal excesses of nasal cancer. High rates of nasal adenocarcinoma have instead occurred among European hardwood furniture workers. As implication for industrial hygiene standards the risk of cancer in exposed workers appears to be preventable if wood-dust exposures do not exceed an 8-hour time-weighted average of 5mg/m³.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1997, Vol.39, No.2, p.148-156. 51 ref.

CIS 97-1548 Manufacturing industry
These 17 chapters in a major new survey of OSH examine health and safety issues in various manufacturing industries: achieving safer products; robot system safety design; small companies; welding (ergonomics and occupational hygiene); conventional lathes, cutters and upright drilling machines; surface treatment and metal finishing; industrial photographic film developing; woodworking; automotive industry; road vehicle repair; the electronics and electromechanical workplace; mining industry; metallurgical industry; glass industry; printing; shipbuilding and ship repairing.
In: The Workplace (by Brune D. et al., eds), Scandinavian Science Publisher as, Bakkehaugveien 16, 0873 Oslo, Norway, 1997, Vol.2, p.435-648. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-1477
Health and Safety Executive
Health and safety in sawmilling - A run-of-the-mill business?
This guidance booklet provides guidance to sawmill owners, managers and others on how to improve health and safety standards. Contents: managing health and safety (risk assessment, emergency organization); employee training; safeguarding machinery (hazards associated with different types of saws and other machinery and guidance on control measures); hazards of mechanized sawmilling lines and risk reduction; workplace design and building maintenance; safe use of transport; stacking; slinging and lifting of loads; manual handling; controlling hazardous substances (wood dust, timber treatment); noise control; electrical safety; welfare facilities.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iii, 62p. Illus. 72 ref. Price: GBP 10.00.

CIS 97-1313
Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
Safe collection of woodwaste: Prevention of fire and explosion
This data sheet provides practical guidance to manufacturers, suppliers and users of woodwaste collection systems on the reduction of fire and explosion risks. Contents: hazards of wood dust; explosibility of woodwaste; sources of ignition; types of collection systems; design of ductwork; precautions for collection units where a dust explosion risk exists; sizing of explosion relief; design of explosion vents; ducting of vents to the open air; firefighting.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 4p. Illus. 4 ref.

1996

CIS 00-1391 Teschke K., Marion S.A., Ostry A., Hertzmann C., Herschler R., Dimich-Ward H., Kelly S.
Reliability of retrospective chlorophenol exposure estimates over five decades
Historical chlorophenate exposures were estimated by teams of sawmill workers. The mill histories were divided into eras when jobs and exposures were relatively stable. Raters with at least 5 years of work experience in an era were asked to estimate the frequency and duration of exposure for each job in the mill. Reliability measures for these estimates were calculated for each of the mills and time period combinations, using the individual intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_ind) to assess agreement between raters and the group intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_group). ICC_ind were low, but ICC_group were considerably higher, indicating that the number of raters used in this study was sufficient to produce stable average estimates of exposure throughout the study period. These data confirm the intuitive expectation that reliability of exposure estimates decreases when reconstruction of conditions in the distant past is required, and therefore that the random component of exposure misclassification is a greater threat to validity in these earlier time periods.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.616-622. Illus. 25 ref.

CIS 99-1547 Aaltonen M.
A consequence and cost analysis of occupational accidents in the furniture industry
Topics: case study; comparative study; compensation of occupational accidents; computer analysis; cost of accidents; degree of disability; furniture industry; injuries; occupational accidents; thesis.
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1996. 149p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-591 Eriksson K.A., Stjernberg N.L., Levin J.O., Hammarström U., Ledin M.C.
Terpene exposure and respiratory effects among sawmill workers
The association between exposure to terpenes and acute effects on lung function was studied for 48 workers in sawmills. Exposure to sawing fumes was assessed by air sampling, and terpene metabolites (verbenols) in urine were measured, as was reactivity to methacholine. Personal exposure to terpenes was 11 to 158mg/m³. A decrease in carbon monoxide lung diffusing capacity after a workshift was detected. Workers with 5 or more years of employment in a sawmill showed increased bronchial reactivity. The study concludes that personal exposure to monoterpenes during a workshift sometimes exceeded the Swedish limit value; verbenols in urine can be used as a biological exposure index of sawing fumes; and exposure to terpenes in sawmills can cause an acute decrease in diffusing capacity. Topics: α-pinene; CO diffusion; determination in air; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; eye irritation; length of service; microorganisms; pulmonary function; sawmilling industry; Sweden; terpenes; urinary metabolites; wood dust.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 1996, Vol.22, No.3, p.182-190. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 98-660 Monteau M.
Fault tree analysis in the Brazilian forest
L'arbre des causes dans la forêt brésilienne [in French]
Topics: analysis of accident causes; Brazil; fire hazards; human behaviour; mechanical hazards; occupational accidents; particle board manufacture; plant safety and health organization; sawmilling industry; woodworking industry; work organization.
Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1996, No.550-551, p.41-45. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 98-779 Dimich-Ward H., Hertzman C., Teschke K., Hershler R., Marion S.A., Ostry A., Kelly S.
Reproductive effects of paternal exposure to chlorophenate wood preservatives in the sawmill industry
Topics: antifertility effects; Canada; chlorophenols; cohort study; dioxins; exposure evaluation; parental exposure; sawmilling industry; teratogenic effects; wood preservatives.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1996, Vol.22, No.4, p.267-273. 31 ref.

CIS 98-630 Robinson C.F., Petersen M., Sieber W.K., Palu S., Halperin W.E.
Mortality of Carpenters' Union members employed in the U.S. construction or wood products industries, 1987-1990
Topics: asbestosis; bone diseases; breast cancer; cancer; carpentry; asbestos; construction industry; emphysema; epidemiologic study; gastrointestinal cancer; heart diseases; injuries; length of exposure; lung cancer; mesothelioma; mortality; nasal cancer; race-linked differences; respiratory diseases; sex-linked differences; USA; wood dust; woodworking industry.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Dec. 1996, Vol.30, No.6, p.674-694. Illus. 63 ref.

CIS 97-907 Persson B.
Occupational exposure and malignant lymphoma
Review of epidemiologic studies concerning the association between malignant lymphoma and exposures in a number of occupations: woodworking; farming and pesticide use; welding and related occupations; meat workers and veterinarians; and occupations involving exposure to solvents, wood preservatives, hairdyes, and rubber chemicals. The studies indicate that occupational factors, especially exposure to solvents, phenoxy herbicides and wood, play a role in the epidemiology of malignant lymphoma.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1996, Vol.9, No.4, p.309-321. 119 ref.

CIS 97-1001 Becker T.M., Trinkaus K.M., Buckley D.I.
Tool-related injuries among amateur and professional woodworkers
In a questionnaire survey of 283 amateur and professional woodworkers in New Mexico, injuries associated with woodshop tool use were reported by 64% of respondents. Hammers, chisels/gouges and table saws were most frequently reported in association with injuries; the highest tool-specific injury rates were associated with the use of jointer-planers, chisels/gouges, and drill presses. One third of respondents reported tool-related injuries that were severe enough to require professional medical attention; 5% suffered partial amputations. Courses in the safe use of shop tools may help to reduce rates of injuries among woodworkers.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1996, Vol.38, No.10, p.1032-1035. 4 ref.

CIS 96-2153 Beardmore D.
Health problems associated with hardwood dust
A range of detrimental effects of hardwood dust is reported in this review. These effects include: skin allergies, respiratory tract changes (impairment of nasal clearance and asthma), cancers (sino-nasal cancers, possibly ethmoidal bone cancer, Hodgkin's disease, lung cancer and leukaemia), poisonings (a list of toxic effects by wood species is given) etc. The need for appropriate preventive measures, including the wearing of respiratory protective equipment, is emphasized. A personal sampling device of wood dusts is described.
Safety and Health Practitioner, July 1996, Vol.14, No.7, p.21-25. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 96-781 Estill C.F., Spencer A.B.
Case study: Control of methylene chloride exposures during furniture stripping
High exposures to dichloromethane (methylene chloride) (600 to 1150ppm) at a furniture stripping operation prompted the design and installation of a modified ventilation system. Three configurations within the modified system were evaluated. Personal exposures to methylene chloride were reduced to 34ppm for a slot hood configuration, 30ppm for a downdraft hood, and 28ppm for a combination slot and downdraft hood. Although exposures are above the proposed OSHA permissible exposure level of 25ppm, results show a substantial improvement over the original ventilation system.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Jan. 1996, Vol.57, No.1, p.43-49. Illus. 18 ref.

1995

CIS 08-531 Protect your hands
Sauvegardez vos mains [in French]
Contents of this safety guide aimed at protecting the hands from accidental injuries during woodworking: sharpening; protection from and use of band saws, bench-type circular saws, radial saws, surface planers and spindle moulders.
Organisme Professionnel de Prévention du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics (OPPBTP), Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1995. 21p. Illus. Price: EUR 10.50.

CIS 99-934 Jensen G.E.
Occupational exposure to arsenic in wood workers and taxidermists
Arseneksponering ved arbejde med imprægneret træ og ved udstopning af dyr og fugle [in Danish]
Topics: arsenic; blood pressure; determination in air; determination in urine; enzyme activity; exposure evaluation; report; taxidermy; woodworking industry.
Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 72p. Illus. 114 ref.

CIS 96-2095 Mastrangelo G., Paruzzolo P., Mapp C.
Asthma due to isocyanates: A mail survey in a 1% sample of furniture workers in the Veneto Region, Italy
A cross-sectional survey was performed by means of a questionnaire mailed to a sample of 1430 workers in the wooden furniture industry in northern Italy, which uses large quantities of isocyanate paints. The aim was to ascertain the prevalence of isocyanate-induced asthma in the work place. Completed questionnaires represented about 1% of the total number (70,000) of these workers in the region under consideration (Veneto). A significantly higher asthma prevalence with increasing duration of exposure to isocyanates was observed in the workers (ranging from 2.2% in workers with 11-20 years of exposure to 27.3% in those with over 20 years of exposure). Other factors such as smoking habits and the lower prevalence of asthma observed in larger enterprises are also discussed.
Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1995, Vol.86, No.6, p.503-510. 14 ref.

CIS 96-1723 Woodworking and furniture industry
Træ- og møbelindustri [in Danish]
A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish woodworking and furniture industry. The industry is characterized by the handling and treatment of wood. Around 35,000 are employed, of which about half are working in the furniture industry. Main factors and health problems are: exposure to chemicals, accidents, noise and strain injuries. Heavy lifting, monotonous work and exposure to solvents and dust are common. The most common occupational health problems are strain injuries, hearing damage, brain damage, skin diseases and respiratory diseases. Another factor is vibration. The incidence of reported occupational diseases and accidents is high. Generally, all factors seem to have similar frequencies in all occupations except accidents in sawmills. Diseases caused by chemicals and materials seem more common in furniture factories than in other occupations. Sawmills are noisier than other workplaces in the industry.
Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 68p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax.

CIS 96-870 Holmström M., Granstrand P., Nylander-French L.A., Rosén G.
Upper airway symptoms and function in wood surface coating industry workers
Respiratory and ocular symptoms were investigated in workers employed in the surface coating of wood products using either ultraviolet radiation curing (UV) or acid curing (AC). Symptoms were investigated by questionnaire and medical examination among surface coating line workers, finishing workers and a control group. Nasal, pharyngeal and ocular symptoms of discomfort were common among all exposed groups. Symptoms were most frequent in UV line workers and finishers of UV coated wood products. Mucociliary clearance was significantly slower in UV line workers. Low levels of organic solvents and coating dusts were measured in the workers' breathing zones.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.28, No.2, p.207-220. 55 ref.

CIS 96-833 Demers P.A., Kogevinas M., Boffetta P., Leclerc A., Luce D., Gérin M., Battista G., Belli S., Bolm-Audorf U., Brinton L.A., Colin D., Comba P., Hardell L., Hayes R.B., Magnani C., Merler E., Morcet J.F., Preston-Martin S., Matos E., Rodella S., Vaughan T.L., Zheng W., Vainio H.
Wood dust and sino-nasal cancer: Pooled reanalysis of twelve case-control studies
Data from 12 case-control studies conducted in seven countries were pooled and reanalyzed. A high risk of adenocarcinoma among men was associated with employment in wood-related occupations; there was also some evidence of an increased risk among women in these jobs. Women in wood dust-exposed jobs appeared to have an excess of squamous cell carcinoma; an increased risk of this disease in men was seen only among those employed for 30 or more years in jobs with exposure to fresh wood. Results support the association between exposure to wood dust and the risk of sino-nasal adenocarcinoma. Evidence regarding squamous cell carcinomas is ambiguous.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.28, No.2, p.151-166. 36 ref.

CIS 96-198 Driscoll T.R., Ansari G., Harrison J.E., Frommer M.S., Ruck E.A.
Traumatic work-related fatalities in forestry and sawmill workers in Australia
Work-related traumatic forestry and sawmill fatalities in Australia from 1982 to 1984 were studied. Data on 79 cases were obtained from inspection of coroners' files. The fatality incidence per 100,000 person-years was extremely high for loggers (396), and high for forest service workers (52) and workers employed in sawmills (30), compared to the entire Australian workforce (8.1). Felling/trimming trees, traffic-related activities and operating heavy machinery (forestry workers) and loading/unloading logs and operating bench saws (sawmill workers) were the most common tasks being performed at the time of the fatal injury. Being struck by a falling tree, often one that had been disturbed by the tree being felled, was the most common mechanism of fatal injury. Isolation, poor work practice, errors of judgement and equipment problems were the most common factors contributing to the fatal incidents. Emphasis on correct work practice and training (especially in felling), equipment maintenance, and availability of communication and medical retrieval in isolated areas are recommended.
Journal of Safety Research, Winter 1995, Vol.26, No.4, p.221-233. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 95-2269 Lamoureux P., L'Huillier J.C., Ciccotelli J.
Single-blade edging circular saws for timber
Déligneuses monolame pour le débit des bois massifs [in French]
Designed for managers, supervisory staff and foremen, this technical safety data sheet deals with the occupational risks involved in sawing timber with single-blade edging circular saws, and their prevention. These machines are used mainly in saw mills, the woodworking industry and the furniture and packing industries. Contents include: description, conditions of acquisition of a new or second-hand machine (reception, location, installation); conditions of use (guarding of mobile transmission and working parts, noise level); implementation and user instructions (workplace, preparation, use and maintenance). The appendix includes a diagram of an interlocking device with guard locking for an access door in an enclosure, and safety distances to be applied to openings.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1986-159-95, p.169-190. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 95-1645 An employer's guide to health & safety for the woodworking industry
Guidance to employers concerning safety and health in the woodworking industry. Contents: survey of relevant regulations and approved codes of practice in the United Kingdom; woodworking machines; programmable machinery; noise; hazardous substances; waste management; abrasive wheels; eye protection; protective clothing and equipment; electricity; fire safety; plant layout; materials handling; stacking, storage and handling of materials; mechanical handling and road transport in factories; scaffolding, ladders and mobile towers; first aid; reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences; notifications and documentation; apprentices and trainees. In appendices: risk assessment; types of danger signs; training courses; national vocational qualifications; WOODNIG information sheets. A shorter version aimed at employers is also available.
British Woodworking Federation, Broadway House, Tothill Street, London SW1H 9NQ, United Kingdom, 1995. 60p.+ 28p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 10.00.

CIS 95-1726 Thorpe A., Brown R.C.
Factors influencing the production of dust during the hand sanding of wood
The effect of wood density and hardness, sandpaper grade and contact pressure on the production of dust during the sanding of wood was investigated. The harness and density of wood correlated so well with each other that their effects could not be distinguished from each other. The rate of dust production was lower and the resulting dust finer with harder woods, but the mass ratio of dust produced and wood removed was fairly constant for all types of wood. Fine and coarse sandpaper produced similar concentrations of airborne dust, but coarse sandpaper produced less dust per unit mass of wood removed. Similarly, less dust per unit mass of wood removed was produced by small samples than by large ones, but this benefit is offset by the lower efficiency of dust extraction systems when small samples are involved.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.236-242. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 95-1829 Lodel R.
Fire and explosion risk assessment in the wood industry
Analyse des risques d'incendie et d'explosion dans l'industrie du bois [in French]
This guide analyses fire and explosion risks in the wood industry. First, a description of plants such as wood panel and furniture manufacturing and sawmills is provided with an emphasis on collaboration among the "risk partners". Fire and explosion characterization methods are described as well as the present state of existing regulations and standards. The guide ends with a review of existing prevention and protection techniques and their particular installations in these plants.
Préventique-Sécurité, May-June 1995, No.21, p.3-7. Illus. (Supplément Sciences et Techniques).

1994

CIS 98-1427
Health and Safety Executive
Occupational hygiene and health surveillance at industrial timber pre-treatment plants
Topics: carcinogens; data sheet; hazard evaluation; health engineering; health hazards; health service records; medical supervision; protective clothing; United Kingdom; welfare facilities; wood impregnation; wood preservatives; woodworking industry.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. 2p. 8 ref.

CIS 98-1488
Health and Safety Executive
Rotary knife wood turning lathes: Safeguarding and reducing risks to health
Topics: acoustic enclosure; data sheet; dust control; exhaust ventilation; interlock protection; lathes (woodworking); mechanical hazards; noise control; preventive maintenance; respirators; safety devices; United Kingdom; wood dust; woodworking industry; woodworking machines.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. 4p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 96-1643 Grinding of woodworking machine tools
Affûtage des outils pour machines à bois [in French]
Videotape showing the safe grinding of machine tools for surface planing machines, chain saws, band saws and spindle moulders.
OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1994. VHS videotape (length: 13min). ###

CIS 95-1888 Eduard W., Sandven P., Levy F.
Exposure and IgG antibodies to mold spores in wood trimmers - Exposure-response relationships with respiratory symptoms
Respiratory and febrile symptoms were studied by a self-administered questionnaire and related to serum IgG antibodies to Rhizopus microsporus among 212 wood trimmers from 31 sawmills. Antibody levels to R. microsporus and exposure to mould spores were related to symptoms of the upper and lower respiratory tract and chills. A relationship was found between tight chest and exposure to wood dust, but this was probably due to correlation with exposure to R. microsporus spores. The group mean antibody level to R. microsporus was a better predictor of symptoms than the individual antibody level. Personal exposure to mould spores and wood dust particles was also measured for 107 wood trimmers from 10 sawmills. Relationships were found between group mean exposure levels to mould spores and symptoms of the upper respiratory tract. A relationship was also found between tight chest after handling of mouldy timber and group mean exposure levels to R. microsporus spores.
Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Jan. 1994, Vol.9, No.1, p.44-48. 23 ref.

CIS 95-1386 Bullock W.H., Laird L.T.
A pilot study of the particle size distribution of dust in the paper and wood products industry
A particle size distribution study assessed the potential effectiveness of dust/mist (DM) disposable respirators widely used in the paper and wood products industry. To establish industry-specific data, personal samples were collected using an eight-stage cascade impactor for various operations in which workers use disposable DM respirators for protection against wood, paper, corn starch and lime dusts, and waste fuel incinerator ash (bark, saw dust and fibre sludge). Workers in the paper and wood products industry can be exposed to dust composed of up to 75% by weight of particles less than 2 microns aerodynamic diameter as measured by a personal cascade impactor.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1994, Vol.55, No.9, p.836-840. Illus. 11 ref.

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