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Safety programmes - 433 entries found

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  • Safety programmes

2001

CIS 02-1185 Bull N., Riise T., Moen B.E.
Mechanisms of occupational injuries reported to insurance companies in Norway from 1991 to 1996
An analytical study of the occupational injury claims made to insurance companies in Norway (1991-1996).Most frequent injury events were falls affecting both sexes and all occupational groups; the incidence rate increased with age. Some preventive measures are recommended.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 2001, Vol.39, No.3, p.312-319. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 02-1483 Trethewy R., Gardner D., Cross J., Marosszeky M.
Behavioural safety and incentive schemes
Examination of successful occupational safety programmes suggests that the two most dominant factors are strong management commitment and frequent close cooperation between workers, supervisors and managers. Effective safety management is primarily dependent on practices which can successfully foster and develop a safe workplace culture. This culture must accommodate the decision-making variables of different people who make up the workplace. The management and evaluation of safe behaviour at work requires an identification of management system characteristics that influence such behaviour as well as techniques for measuring safety-related work behaviour in order to identify and modify unsafe work practices. This article discusses some of the approaches that have been shown to be effective in managing safe behaviour at work in the petroleum refining and construction industries.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, June 2001, Vol.17, No.3, p.251-262. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 02-136
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
How to reduce workplace accidents
Each year, approximately 5,500 people die in occupational accidents in the European Union. There are also more than 4.5 million accidents that result in more than three days' absence from work, amounting to a loss of 146 million working days. With the objective of strengthening the knowledge base on accident prevention, this report presents 22 successful accident-prevention approaches from the 15 European Union member states. In particular, the following hazards, industries and sectors are covered: falling overboard ships; prevention in the security industry; farm accidents; safety in the food and drink industry; falls from heights in the construction industry; preventing road accidents among highway patrol police forces; safety in the construction industry; alcohol awareness for truck drivers; hazards from dust fires and explosions; prevention in the textile and clothing industries, including avoiding needle pricks; prevention in navigable waterway transport; safety management in the steel industry.
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 2001. 189p. Illus.

CIS 01-1409 Burton T., Chilton S., Covey J., Gilbert H., Pidgeon N., Jones-Lee M., Loomes G., Robinson A., Twist J., Spencer A.
Health and Safety Executive
Valuation of benefits of health and safety control: Follow-up study
The Ladbroke Grove rail accident of 1999 involving 29 fatalities prompted the Health and Safety Executive to commission this study on the effect of this tragedy on the public's perceptions of rail hazards, and how this might influence their choices for safety prioritization. 150 persons selected in the London commuter belt were interviewed and provided with questionnaires on the importance of rail safety compared to other hazards. The main observation was a clear and statistically significant upward shift in the priority given to rail safety compared to the results of a 1998 study on the perception of hazards from roads, railways, domestic fires and fires in public places. The complete findings of the follow-up study of this accident (CRR 273/2000) were abstracted as CIS 00-1303.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2001. iv, 51p. Illus. 16 ref. Price: GBP 10.00.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/content/misc/evaluat2.pdf [in English]

CIS 01-692 Hagan P.E., Montgomery J.F., O'Reilly J.T.
Accident prevention manual for business and industry - Administration and programs
First part of a series of textbooks on safety management in enterprises (for parts 2, 3 and 4, see CIS 01-693, CIS 00-396 and CIS 01-728). It covers: introduction to safety and health (historical perspectives, safety professionals, safety culture, regulatory history in the US); loss control information and analysis (loss control programmes, safety and health auditing, environmental auditing, workmen's compensation, hazard identification, incident investigation and analysis, cost of incidents, record keeping, incidence rates, computers and information management); organization of safety, health and environment programmes (occupational health and industrial hygiene programmes, environmental management, indoor air quality, ergonomics programmes, employee assistance programmes, emergency preparedness, workplace violence, product safety management, service and warehouse facilities, transportation safety programmes, office safety, laboratory safety, contractor and non-employee safety, process safety management); programme implementation and maintenance (motivation, safety and health training, media, safety awareness programmes). In the appendix: sources of help; answers to review questions. Last edition (9th) analysed: CIS 89-1811.
National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 12th ed., 2001. x, 836p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 99.95 (members), USD 119.95 (non-members).

2000

CIS 03-270 Ray P.
An innovative approach of risk planning for space programs
According to the current rule-based risk management approach at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the effort is directed to contain all identified risks of a programme. The identification of hazards and mitigation efforts proceed along with the development of the system hardware, till all the tradable resources for a programme are exhausted. No conscious effort is made to evaluate risks and associated cost, and the final design is likely to have undesirable residual risks. This approach also results in allocating a significant amount of resources to gain only marginal mitigation of hazard and leave some undesirable hazards in the system due to the budget limitation. The approach in the proposed knowledge-based risk planning system makes a conscious attempt to trade risk with other resources, such as schedule, cost, reliability and performance in a judicious and cost-effective way.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, July 2000, Vol.26, No.1, p.67-74. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 02-1734 Richez J.P.
Integration on temporary workers - Partnerships between construction enterprises and temporary work agencies
Intégration des intérimaires - BTP: agences et chantiers partenaires [in French]
In the construction industry, half of all occupational accidents involve temporary workers who often lack qualifications and are assigned to hazardous work. This collection of articles describes the efforts that have been undertaken in this sector to reduce the number of accidents involving temporary workers. Contents: interview of a safety consultant from the health insurance institution of the French region of Midi-Pyrénées; description of the contents of a guide published by the INRS on the integration of temporary workers in the construction sector; efforts undertaken by all parties concerned for reducing the number of accidents at the construction sites of a new motorway, in particular by implementing ways and means of ensuring the safety of temporary workers; "safety charter" signed by enterprises using temporary workers and by agencies offering temporary workers; experience of a bricklaying enterprise in employing temporary workers.
Travail et sécurité, May 2000, No.596, p.14-26. Illus.

CIS 02-1180 Mukherjee S., Overman L., Leviton L., Hilyer B.
Evaluation of worker safety and health training
The University of Alabama Center for Labor Education and Research programme has trained over 1,000 workers since 1992 in chemical hazards recognition and protection methods, as well as in peer training. In order to assess the effectiveness of this programme, a questionnaire was mailed to a sample of workers and to all participating managers. Both groups of participants reported improved personal safety and health behaviour, both contributed to emergency preparedness, and both influenced the elimination of hazardous chemicals. Managers reported greater influence on health and safety which may be explained by their relatively more powerful position. However, a high percentage of workers also reported influencing changes. This pattern indicates that when the working environment supports joint decision making by workers and management, initiating changes becomes easier.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.38, No.2, p.155-163. 30 ref.

CIS 02-382 Fernandez J.A., Daltuva J.A., Robins T.G.
Industrial emergency response training: An assessment of long-term impact of a union-based program
The long-term impact of the United Automobile Workers' (UAW) Industrial Emergency Response Training on health and safety conditions and practices in plants is described. Two strategies are combined in this 24-hour training: the use of peer (worker) trainers and a participant-centred approach, the Small Group Activity Method (SGAM). Impact was assessed through a telephone survey of 67 trainees conducted on average 16.8 months post-training. 74% of trainees reported using at least one of the provided written training manuals. Of those reporting an accident in their facility after training, 88% said it was handled differently because of training. Participants report that peer trainers are more knowledgeable and communicate better than do other types of trainers; they also reported that SGAM made training more applicable to their workplace and 98.5% liked the methods used.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 2000, Vol.38, No.5, p.598-605. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 02-132 McQuiston T.H.
Empowerment evaluation of worker safety and health education programs
Articles for this review of workers safety and health education programmes were identified through computer database and manual searches related to intervention research and evaluation, occupational safety, health training, education, and worker participation and empowerment. After identifying empowerment as a multilevel and multidimensional concept, this review used a theoretical framework of evaluation to show how various participatory and empowering approaches can affect evaluation studies and their use. The field of occupational safety and health has the opportunity to further expand workers' involvement in their own education through the use of participatory and empowering approaches. Use of these approaches has the potential to strengthen capacities for organizational learning and improve both programme theory and practice.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 2000, Vol.38, No.5, p.584-597. Illus. 156 ref.

CIS 02-246 Kinn S., Khuder S.A., Bisesi M.S., Wooley S.
Evaluation of safety orientation and training programs for reducing injuries in the plumbing and pipefitting industry
The effectiveness of employee orientation and training in reducing injuries among plumbers and pipe fitters was studied. The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration's occupational injury data and safety and training records for six plumbing and pipefitting employers were examined. During the period 1996 to 1998, 133 injuries were recorded during 2,541,432 working hours. The most common types of injuries were cuts, lacerations and abrasions, the majority resulting from workers being struck by objects. The injury rate was significantly higher for small companies and companies working longer hours. 75% of workers received an orientation on injury prevention. Among workers who received a safety orientation, only 3.4% experienced injuries, compared with 11.1% of workers without an orientation. Proper safety orientation and training could significantly reduce the risks for occupational injuries in construction workers.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 2000, Vol.42, No.12, p.1142-1147. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 01-949 Ministerial Resolution No.1148/2000 concerning safety and health in the construction industry [Cuba]
Resolución ministerial N° 1148/2000 sobre seguridad y salud en la construcción [Cuba] [in Spanish]
This Resolution requires the preparation of a "Safety and Health Plan" before any construction work can take place, whether on new construction sites or in renovation work.
Gaceta Oficial de la República de Cuba, 29 Nov. 2000, Year XCVIII, No.88, p.1747-1752.

CIS 01-1259 Erickson J.A.
Corporate culture: The key to safety performance
Safety performance is directly influenced by corporate culture. Safety professionals need to be aware of the company's philosophy or culture to build up a strong safety programme. Several organizational factors influence safety performance: participation in decision-making, importance given to safety in the organization, responsible attitudes towards safety, good communication, management support, employees' involvement, high morale and commitment to work. It is also important that a common safety language be used in the company.
Occupational Hazards, Apr. 2000, Vol.62, No.4, p.45-50. 5 ref.

CIS 01-748 Ali M.K.
Hazards management
This article on hazards management considers the four basic steps of identification, assessment, control and recovery under the following headings: workplace hazard assessment, including workplace inspection, criteria for the selection of jobs to be assessed, describing jobs as a sequence of steps and identifying workplace hazards; process hazard assessment, including process hazard identification, consequences analysis, process hazard review, preliminary hazard analysis, "what if" analysis, hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies, failure modes analysis, inspection, control and employee behaviour; hazard prevention and control, including periodic reviews; hazards recovery and contingency planning.
Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.63-65; 67-69.

CIS 01-458 Dewar J.
Health and Safety Executive
Review and assessment of the procedures for dealing with hung-up and windblown trees
This booklet examines the hazards encountered in the forest industry when dealing with logging hung-up and windblown trees, recommends rules and describes safety measures and training requirements. The need for clear procedures is pointed out, the extra time and effort needed for dealing with hung-up and windblown trees are estimated. With a questionnaire submitted to contractors and managers it was possible to identify the reasons why appropriate equipment and methods were not being adopted by the industry.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Feb. 2000. iv, 22p. Price: GBP 15.00.

CIS 01-214
Health and Safety Executive
Better alarm handling
This information sheet uses information derived from the investigation of an explosion and fire at a British refinery in 1994 (see CIS 97-1668). It was found that too many alarms had to be operated with poor prioritization, and proposes a step-by-step approach to improve alarm handling. Firstly, the problems have to be identified (how many alarms should there be, who should operate them and are the procedures clear?); secondly, the alarm system should be reviewed and an action plan established; and thirdly, alarm improvements should be managed (checking, design of new alarm systems).
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Mar. 2000. 4p. 4 ref.

CIS 01-103
Health and Safety Executive
Avoiding danger from underground services
This guidance updates the previous edition (see CIS 90-1934). Topics covered: dangers arising from work near underground services (electricity and telecommunications, gas pipes, water pipes and sewers and other pipelines); planning of the work; use of cable and pipe locating devices, safe digging and filling practices; safe use of trenchless methods.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Jan. 2000. iv, 48p. Illus. 22 ref. Price: GBP 7.50.

CIS 00-1426
European Process Safety Centre
Safety integrity - The implications of IEC 61508 and other standards for the process industries
Proceedings of the conference organized by the European Process Safety Centre (EPSC) in Paris, on 5 November 1999. Approaches for ensuring the safety of safety-critical systems in plants, methods and tools used in process industries as well as applicable standards are presented by large enterprises. The purpose of IEC Standard 61508, its implementation in various European countries and its future applicability are also covered.
Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby, Warwickshire CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 2000. v, 109p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 00-1042 Vincent C., de Mol B.
Safety in medicine
Studies suggest that about 4% of hospital patients are unintentionally harmed by treatment. Aimed at hospital managers, clinicians and others involved in healthcare, this publication shows how medicine and health care management can benefit from approaches to safety in other areas. These key issues are studied under four broad angles, namely: conceptual foundations of safety management; approaches to investigating the nature and frequency of safety problems; analyses of the causes of adverse outcomes and risks to patients; approaches to improving safety and reducing risk.
Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom, 2000. xii, 268p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: EUR 91.21 (USD 99.00).

1999

CIS 01-1097 Safety coordination in the construction industry - Future developments
Coordenação de segurança na construção - perspectivas de desenvolvimento [in Portuguese]
The specific nature of the construction sector requires the implementation of a management system at construction sites, in which all participants take part in the creation and development of suitable risk prevention methods. The presence of a "Safety Coordinator" is crucial to the success of the system. This publication lays out a set of solutions for the appropriate development of the fundamental safety coordination axes in Portugal. The solution will place great emphasis on the profile and training of coordinators and coordination instruments. Examples are given of systems set up in other European Union countries.
Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, Apr. 1999. 263p. Illus.

CIS 01-1086 Liévin D., Krawsky G., Pagliéro D.
Safety of isolated workers: A summary. Preventive approaches and application in sand and gravel pits
La sécurité du travailleur isolé: bilan. Démarche préventive et application dans le secteur des sablières [in French]
After a survey of the various issues involved in isolated work (trends, health effects, principles of safety and regulations), a specific example in the sand and gravel pit sector is described. This example is part of an interdisciplinary project involving organizations and professionals in charge of occupational risk prevention. The regulations governing this activity are laid down in the French Mining Code, which because of the risk of drowning, authorizes isolated workers to work by the water's edge only in the presence of another person. For economic reasons, this rule is often difficult to apply, so thought was given to means of guaranteeing the safety of isolated workers next to bodies of water other than through the physical presence of another person, for example with the help of a suitable alarm device. An ergonomic study was carried out at three firms. The results should lead to a set of specifications that could serve as a guide for the industries and occupations concerned.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1999, No.175, p.13-30. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 00-1587 Reduction of occupational accidents in the autonomous region of Aragon - "Project 677"
Reducción de la siniestralidad laboral en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón - "Proyecto 677" [in Spanish]
The occupational safety and health authorities of the autonomous region of Aragon in Spain has implemented a project aiming at reducing the number of occupational accidents. A group of 677 enterprises are included, representing 1.7% of the region's enterprises. These enterprises had 32% of the accidents in the region even though they employ only 9.7% of the workers. An investigation was carried out for each company to determine the main causes of accidents and the level of compliance with prevention directives. Enterprises are regularly visited to control implementation of prevention measures. Comparing a company's accident rate with the mean rate for its activity sector is an effective way to increase awareness. This project, aimed at encouraging occupational safety management has already shown positive results: the accident rate for first quarter of 1999 has been reduced by 19.5% compared the same period of previous year.
Prevención, trabajo y salud, 1999, No.2, p.13-20. Illus.

CIS 00-1689
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Report on the OECD workshop on human performance in chemical process safety: Operating safely in the context of chemical accident prevention, preparedness and response
Topics: chemical hazards; chemical processes; conference; enforcement; human factors; human failure; maintenance; OECD; reliability; report; safety by design; safety consciousness; safety planning; supply of information.
OECD Environment Directorate, Environmental Health and Safety Division, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France, 1999. 34p.

CIS 00-983 Atkinson W.
Safety incentive programs: How to make them work
Safety incentive programmes can add value to the company's injury prevention efforts, but they should be viewed with a critical eye. Safety incentive programmes are part of workplace safety and health programmes, but should not be a substitute for them. They may also pressure employees not to report injuries for fear that by doing so, they will ruin the chances of their co-workers of winning the incentives. Two examples of successful safety incentive programmes are presented.
Occupational Hazards, Nov. 1999, Vol.61, No.11, p.85-88. Illus.

CIS 00-927 Rules for submission of the industrial safety declaration for major hazard installations [Russian Federation]
Pravila predstavlenija deklaracii promyšlennoi bezopasnosti opasnyh proizvodstvennyh ob"ektov [in Russian]
The rules for preparing and submitting industrial safety declarations were approved by Government resolution No.526 of 11 May 1999. They cover the procedures of risk assessment, the measures to be taken to prevent accidents, responsibilities, environmental protection and the competent authorities. Submission requirements include a verification by experts.
Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1999, No.8, p.56-57.

CIS 00-952
Health and Safety Executive
Health and safety benchmarking: Improving together - Guidance for those interested in applying benchmarking to health and safety
This guide is aimed at persons interested in applying benchmarking to health and safety performance criteria within their organization. It includes the definition of benchmarking, the advantages of health and safety benchmarking and the five steps necessary to set up a benchmarking system within the organization namely: deciding what to benchmark; analysing the present situation; selecting partners; working with partners and acting on the lessons learned.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 1999. 12p. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 00-976 Munezvenyu P.
Planned preventive maintenance, issues of engineering safety
Topics: corrosion; developing countries; machinery industry; material failure; occupational safety; preventive maintenance; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safety planning; safety programmes; safety training in industry; Zimbabwe.
On Guard, Mar. 1999, Vol.6, No.16, p.7-12. Illus.

CIS 00-896 Blair E.
Behavior-based safety: Myths, magic and reality
Topics: human behaviour; human factors; human relations; information of personnel; motivation; plant safety organization; psychology of work organization; responsibilities; risk awareness; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; safety consciousness; safety programmes; safety training in industry; USA; workers participation.
Professional Safety, Aug. 1999, Vol.44, No.8, p.25-29. 23 ref.

CIS 00-508 de la Hougue G.
Fighting against arson
La lutte contre l'incendie volontaire [in French]
Insurance companies estimate that between 25 and 50% of fires are caused by arson. In France, statistics compiled by the Ministry of Interior show a 227% progression in the number of cases of arson between 1987 and 1996. Fires due to arson generally cause more damage than accidental fires, because they are often started in the absence of employees on the premises and with the intention to cause destruction. This article reviews some of the factors that motivate arsonists to act, based on whether the person is an employee or otherwise, and whether the act is pre-mediated or not. Typical vulnerable spots within a company are listed. Finally, it is recommended that the possibility of arson be systematically taken into account in risk analysis and prevention planning.
Face au risque, June-July 1999, No.354, p.27-31. Illus.

CIS 00-330 Decree No.58 of 26 March 1999 on planning and preparation of action in the event of a nuclear accident [Bulgaria]
Postanovlenie N°58 ot 26 mart 1999 g. za priemane na Naredba za planirane i gotovnost za dejstvie pri radiacionna avarija [in Bulgarian]
Topics: Bulgaria; law; public OSH institutions; radiation equipment and processes; radiation protection; safety planning.
Dăržaven vestnik, 9 Apr. 1999, No.33, p.6-15.

CIS 00-233 Gout D.
The Rennes light railway gets safety coordination rolling
Le Val de Rennes prend la coordination sécurité en marche [in French]
Topics: construction sites; earthmoving equipment; first-aid and rescue organization; France; legal aspects; physical workload; plant safety organization; public transport; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; safety planning; tunnelling; underground work.
Travail et sécurité, Feb. 1999, No.581, p.22-31. Illus.

CIS 00-99 Carrier G.
Scientific uncertainty and its implications for risk management
L'incertitude scientifique et ses conséquences sur la gestion des risques [in French]
Topics: backache; epidemiology; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; health hazards; research; risk factors; safety planning; toxic effects; toxicology.
Travail et santé, June 1999, Vol.15, No.2, p.7-11. Illus.

CIS 00-82
Health and Safety Executive
Reducing error and influencing behaviour
Replaces CIS 91-350. Topics: case study; disobeying safety instructions; glossary; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; human factors; human failure; risk factors; role of management; safety by design; safety guides; safety planning; training material; United Kingdom; work organization; workplace design.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. iv, 88p. Illus. 34 ref. Price: GBP 11.50.

CIS 00-87 Hunt S.
Tunnel vision
Occupational safety and health in small enterprises. Topics: Canada; check lists; economic aspects; enforcement; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; industrial hygienists; plant safety and health organization; public OSH institutions; role of management; safety consciousness; safety consultants; safety planning; small enterprises; workers participation.
Accident Prevention, Sep.-Oct. 1999, Vol.46, No.5 p.17-21.

CIS 00-138 Halsey G.J.
Planning for safer construction projects
Topics: building industry; check lists; construction sites; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; plant safety and health organization; risk awareness; safety by design; safety consultants; safety planning; subcontractors.
Occupational Hazards, Aug. 1999, Vol.61, No.8, p.43-44; 46-48. Illus.

CIS 99-1831 Hussain S.
Searching for the whole truth
Topics: accident investigation; analysis of accident causes; description of technique; report on investigation; safety programmes; safety service records; sampling and analysis.
Accident Prevention, Mar.-Apr. 1999, Vol.46, No.2, p.23-29. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 99-2096 Keith N.A.
Preventing workplace violence
Topics: hazard evaluation; human factors; human relations; information of personnel; neuropsychic stress; psychological effects; risk factors; safety programmes; violence.
Accident Prevention, Mar.-Apr. 1999, Vol.46, No.2, p.14-15. Illus.

CIS 99-2095 Krause T.R., Seymour K.J., Sloat K.C.M.
Long-term evaluation of a behavior-based method for improving safety performance: A meta-analysis of 73 interrupted time-series replications
An employee-driven behaviour-based accident prevention initiative implemented in industrial settings was evaluated. Up to five years of injury data from 73 companies, drawn from a target population of 229 companies who implemented behaviour-based safety, were examined. Comparisons of pre- to post-initiative incident levels across groups revealed a significant decrease in incidents following the behaviour-based safety implementation. Effect sizes were estimated from the average percentage reduction from baseline. The average reduction from baseline amounted to 26% in the first year increasing to 69% by the fifth. Findings are critically examined and future research areas are outlined. Topics: human behaviour; implementation of control measures; long-term study; manufacturing industries; petroleum and natural gas industry; programme evaluation; safety programmes; workers participation.
Safety Science, June 1999, Vol.32, No.1, p.1-18. Illus. 30 ref.

CIS 99-1481 Alteren B.
Implementation and evaluation of the Safety Element Method at four mining sites
The Safety Element Method (SEM) is a method for the improvement of safety results and safety approaches in the Norwegian mining industry. A group of organizational members assesses the current and desired situation for their own organization within defined areas. Based on this assessment, a strategy and action plan for the attainment of internal goals is developed. The implementation of the method in four mining companies is described and evaluated. Opinions regarding the experiences with the method are, on the whole, positive. Subjective assessments play a prominent role in SEM, but these assessments are supported by an extensive review of empirical data such as accident reports, interview results and a questionnaire. This means that the internal assessments correspond well to the safety results of the companies and also to the independent external reviews carried out by the researcher. Topics: cooperation; mining industry; plant safety organization; programme evaluation; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; safety consciousness; safety programmes; subjective assessment; workers participation.
Safety Science, Apr. 1999, Vol.31, No.3, p.231-264. Illus. 59 ref.

CIS 99-1153 Farrow D.
Contracting out - Assuring health and safety
Describes a procedure for ensuring the effective management of health and safety when part of a business is contracted out. Topics: economic aspects; legal aspects; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; safety planning; subcontractors.
Safety and Health Practitioner, Jan. 1999, Vol.17, No.1, p.32-35. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 99-1220 Redmill F.
IEC 61508 - An influential safety standard
Microchips are used extensively to control safety systems (industrial machinery computers controlling chemical/nuclear procedures, etc). They represent an obvious opportunity for malfunction to occur and as a consequence their maintenance is of the utmost importance. This article explains how a draft standard from the International Electrotechnical Commission can help safety practitioners to maintain their computerised systems. Topics: check lists; comment on standard; draft standard; hazard evaluation; IEC; microprocessor control systems; role of management; safety planning.
Safety and Health Practitioner, Feb. 1999, Vol.17, No.2, p.28-31. Illus.

1998

CIS 01-759 Pirone G.M
Occupational safety in Europe: comparative survey in some Member States
Sicurezza sul lavoro in Europa: indagine comparata in alcuni Stati membri [in Italian]
Comparative study of occupational safety and health (OSH) practices in six member states of the European Union: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Main themes covered for each country: impact of community law on the organization of OSH within enterprises; application of the framework directive (Directive 89/391/EEC, see CIS 89-1401); control, insurance and social protection aspects; obligations of employers; OSH services; workers' participation. A separate section is devoted to an overview of prevention and protection services in the workplace within the whole of the European Union.
Istituto Italiano di Medicina Sociale, Via P.S. Mancini, 28, 00196 Roma, Italy, 1998. 82p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 01-771 Indian Standard - Code of Practice on Occupational Safety and Health Audit
This standard establishes objectives, criteria and practices for occupational safety and health (OSH) audits, and it provides guidelines for their establishment, planning, execution and documentation in the workplace. In annex: elements of an OSH system; types of records to be examined during a safety audit; contents of a safety audit questionnaire.
Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002, India, 1998. 16p.

CIS 00-1585 do Vale A.
One million man-hours without accidents: A feasible objective
Um milhão de homens/hora sem acidentes: meta possível [in Portuguese]
As part of the total quality management system of one of the largest Brazilian industrial maintenance companies, an accident prevention programme was implemented. The objective of one million man-hours without lost-time injuries was achieved in April 1999 in a cellulose factory. The programme is supervised by a safety specialist and is based on workplace risk analysis and safety training, daily safety briefings on specific safety problems, continuous supervision of equipment and proper use of personal protective equipment.
Revista CIPA, July 1998, Vol.19, No.224, p.54-71. Illus.

CIS 00-1596 Moreira Fatureto A.
Model of safety management to ensure the survival of the enterprise
Modelo de Gestão de Segurança para a sobrevivência empresarial [in Portuguese]
Topics: analysis of accident causes; Brazil; cost of accidents; economic aspects; hazard evaluation; legal aspects; personal protective equipment; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities; role of management; safety planning.
Revista CIPA, Apr. 1998, Vol.19, No.225, p.58-79. Illus.

CIS 00-1583 Morvan J.
The "safety management" audit
L'audit "management sécurité" [in French]
Topics: classification systems; emergency organization; evaluation of control measures; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; plant safety organization; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; role of management; safety and health documentation; safety planning.
Préventique-Sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.40, p.54-58. Illus.

CIS 00-1305 Loch H.J., Hiltensperger S., Rötzer M., Sikora S.
Management systems for occupational health and plant safety - Volume 1: Occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) - Principles and systems elements
The principles and composition of an occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) are described. The aim of OHRIS is to help organizations to meet the requirements of ISO Standards 9000 and 14000, ensuring the protection of the health of workers at hazardous production sites as well as that of the neighbouring residents while at the same time fulfilling their business objectives of quality and performance. OHRIS comprises five core elements and five specific management elements relating to industrial safety, which are described along with the action fields and action elements of an OHS management system. The book is the translation of a document originally published in German.
Bavarian Ministry of State Labour and Social Affairs, Family, Women and Health (StMAS), Winzererstrasse 9, 80797 München, Germany, 1998. 122p. 4 ref.

CIS 00-702 Krüger W., Müller P., Stegemann K.
European Network - Workplace Health Promotion
Cost-benefit analysis of health promotion measures
Special edition of the "WHP-Net-News". Topics: check lists; cost-benefit analysis; economic aspects; European Communities; Germany; health programmes; safety programmes; work efficiency.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 1998. 76p. approx. 120 ref.

CIS 99-1538 Darimont T., Hermann B., Melo M., Rössner E.
Hesse's special programme on plant safety - A report on experience gained
Das hessische Sonderprogramm Analgensicherheit - ein Erfahrungsbericht [in German]
A plant safety inspection programme was introduced in Hesse, Germany, in 1993 after three major accidents had occurred in the chemical industry. In two cases toxic substances were released into the environment contaminating nearby buildings and injuring people. In one case a worker was killed and two were severely injured by an explosion. Of the approximately 200 chemical plants in Hesse, 64 have been inspected. In three of these plants measures had to be taken immediately to prevent ingnition of an explosive atmosphere and the release of hazardous substances into the neighbourhood. In addition, 100 liquefied gas storage plants, 7 storage tanks containing ammonia, 18 facilities storing pesticides, 10 garbage incinerators, 87 storage facilities for chemical substances and 43 cold storage warehouses using ammonia as a refrigerant underwent inspection. More than 1,000 breaches of safety rules, including the lack of overflow valves, fire alarms, gas detectors and fire extinguishers, were uncovered in the storage facilities. In addition to the results of the inspections, the inspection procedures applied to the chemical plants and storage facilities are outlined. Topics: ammonia; chemical industry; chemical plant; cold storage; explosion hazards; garbage incineration; Germany; Hesse; inspection; liquefied gases; neighbourhood protection; pesticides; safety analysis; safety by design; safety programmes; storage.
Immissionsschutz, June 1998, Vol.3, No.2, p.53-64. Illus.

CIS 99-1476 Koningsveld E.A.P., Vink P., Urlings I.J.M., de Jong A.M.
Reducing sprains and strains in construction through worker participation - A manual for managers and workers with examples from scaffold erection
Topics: building industry; construction industry; erection and dismantling; manual handling; manual lifting; materials handling; musculoskeletal diseases; physical workload; responsibilities of employers; safety programmes; scaffolds; sprains; training manuals; training material; workers participation.
The Center to Protect Workers' Rights, 5th floor, 111 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20001, USA, May 1998. 32p. Illus.

CIS 99-1482 Edkins G.D.
The INDICATE safety program: Evaluation of a method to proactively improve airline safety performance
A new airline safety programme called INDICATE (Identifying Needed Defences In the Civil Aviation Transport Environment) was applied in one of the operational bases of an Australian regional airline. Results suggest that the programme can have a positive influence on airline safety performance, specifically, improving staff confidence in how safety is managed; increasing staff willingness to report safety hazards and incidents; improving organizational safety culture; and reducing staff perceptions of the severity and likelihood of safety hazards occurring within the airline. The success has resulted in a number of Australian and international airlines adopting the programme. Topics: air transport; attitude towards accidents; disobeying safety instructions; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; information of personnel; programme evaluation; risk awareness; role of management; safety consciousness; safety officers; safety programmes.
Safety Science, Dec. 1998, Vol.30, No.3, p.275-295. Illus. 38 ref.

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