Hand and portable tools - 750 entries found

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1995

CIS 97-196 Bünger J., Bombosch F., Mesecke U., Vodegel D., Stalder K.
Exposure of lumberjacks to chainsaw exhausts - An analysis using ambient concentration measurements, biological monitoring and video recordings
Belastung von Forstwirten durch Motorsägenabgase - eine Analyse mit Hilfe von Expositionsmessungen, biologischem Monitoring und Videoaufzeichnungen [in German]
Measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in the breathing zone of forestry workers (conducted in Germany between May and October 1994) during wood clearing, tree lopping and tree felling operations with chain saws yielded values which were frequently in excess of the threshold limit value of 30ppm. Peaks of 400ppm and in some cases even 600ppm were measured during lopping of dense tops of coniferous trees and during tree felling in calm weather with low wind speed. The biological threshold limit in blood was often exceeded.
Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.8, p.302-310. Illus. 25 ref.

CIS 96-1070 Forestry machinery: Portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers - Cutting attachment guard dimensions
Matériel forestier: débroussailleuses et coupe-herbe portatifs - Dimensions du protecteur du dispositif de coupe [in French]
This International Standard specifies minimum dimensions for cutting attachment guards of portable hand-held combustion engines, brush-cutters (including brush-saws) and grass-trimmers, for use primarily in forestry. Illustrations for each kind of tool show how the cutting attachment guard must be attached as well as its dimensions.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1995. iii, 6p. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 96-1030 Manually portable brush-cutters and grass-trimmers with internal combustion engine: Determination of sound power levels - Engineering method (Grade 2)
Débroussailleuses et coupe-herbe portatifs à moteur à combustion interne: détermination des niveaux de puissance acoustique - Méthode d'expertise (classe 2) [in French]
This International Standard specifies a method of carrying out, efficiently and under standardized conditions, the determination, declaration and verification of sound power levels of manually portable hand-held brush-cutters and grass-trimmers. These units have internal combustion engines and are primarily used in forestry. The use of this International Standard ensures the reproducibility of the determination of sound power levels within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise standard for the determination of sound power levels used.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1995. iii, 8p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 96-1029 Manually portable chain-saws with internal combustion engine: Determination of sound power levels - Engineering method (grade 2)
Scies à chaîne portatives avec moteur thermique: détermination des niveaux de puissance acoustique - Méthode d'expertise (classe 2) [in French]
This International Standard specifies a method for determining the sound power level of manually portable chain-saws. It provides all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized conditions the determination, declaration and verification of sound power levels of manually portable hand-held chain-saws with an internal combustion engine, as primarily used in forestry. The use of this International Standard ensures the reproducibility of the determination of sound power levels within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise standard used for the determination of sound power levels.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1995. iii, 7p. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 96-1042 Lindqvist B.
Models and measures to reduce the moment of reaction of power offset wrenches
Modelle und Massnahmen zum Reduzieren des Reaktionsmoments bei Winkelschraubern [in German]
The influence of work posture and torque on shock exposure of the wrist during bolting was studied with three different offset wrenches. The wrenches differed in weight and in the speed with which they switched off. They were held with the fore-arm in a horizontal or vertical position. The lowest shock exposure was observed with the wrench that switched off the fastest and was held with the fore-arm in a horizontal position.
Maschinenmarkt, Nov. 1995, Vol.101, No.45, p.62-65. Illus.

CIS 96-1107 Lauster P., Schindhelm R.
Design of hand tools for women
Zielgruppenorientierte Gestaltung von Handwerkzeugen für Frauen [in German]
A survey of 50 women aged between 22 and 50 revealed that 57% use a portable electric hand drill in their home when needed. They reported difficulty in holding and using the tool. An even larger number of women (75%) said they would use such tools if they were not so difficult to handle. The design of a new, optimized hand-held electric hammer drill, based on the survey results, is presented.
Maschinenmarkt, Nov. 1995, Vol.101, No.45, p.58-60. Illus.

CIS 96-1129 Dempsey P.G., Leamon T.B.
Bending the tool and the effect on productivity - An investigation of a simulated wire-twisting task
Despite investigations into the use of bent-handled tools as a means of reducing deviated wrist postures, the demand for these tools remains low. It was hypothesized that the performance of operators using bent pliers might be significantly lower than that achieved with straight pliers. This was confirmed through an experimental investigation of a simulated wire-twisting task comparing traditional needle-nose pliers with bent-handled pliers. The performance decrement associated with the bent-handled pliers ranged from 1.4% to 17.0% depending on work height. Implications for interventions related to deviated wrist postures are discussed.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.686-692. Illus. 42 ref.

CIS 95-2235 Piette A., Malchaire J., Gomes-Ferreira M., Bitsch J., Donati P.
Portable grinding machines. Vibration sources. Preventive measures
Meuleuses portatives - Bilan des sources de vibrations - Moyens de prévention [in French]
This literature survey reviews studies on vibration exposure when using portable grinding machines. After a theoretical overview concerning the sources of vibration, the survey supplements previous studies, where appropriate, with several series of measurements. The spread of vibration amplitudes observed depends on several factors: the handle (main or auxiliary, material it is made of), the state of wear of the disc, the type of grinding operation and of material ground, and machine maintenance. Based on measurement results, means of reducing operator exposure are proposed, particularly to hand-arm vibration. For existing machines, apart from the use of properly balanced discs (an economically and technically difficult solution), anti-vibration handles are the only means of achieving significant vibration reduction (from 50% to more than 85% reduction), but only on the auxiliary handle. Gloves and resilient protective materials around handles are recommended to protect the hands from injury and from the cold, but they do not help to reduce vibration.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1989-159-95, p.221-230. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 95-2268 Approved code of practice for powder-actuated, hand-held fastening tools
Contents of this code of practice: general safety requirements for powder-actuated fastening tools (provision of operating instructions, responsibilities of employers and operators, instruction and training, certificate of competence as an operator); safe operating procedures (loading, eye and ear protection, characteristics of materials being fixed, caution signs, misfiring, storage of tools and charges); inspection and maintenance.
Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, May 1995. 24p. 6 ref. Price: NZD 10.00.

CIS 95-2265 Coleman N., Long A.F.
National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia)
Workers Compensation statistics: A profile of Australian hand tool injuries and diseases
This report examines the types of injuries and diseases resulting from the use of hand tools in Australia and investigates the specific tools, industries, occupations and costs involved. Data relate to 1991-92 with some comparisons with 1986-87. Knives and cutlery accounted for the highest proportion of compensation claims followed by abrasive planing and cutting tools. Occupational groups most affected were tradespersons, labourers and related workers; most affected industries were manufacturing, construction and wholesale and retail trades. Behaviourally-oriented strategies are considered to have the most widespread impact on the reduction of hand tool injuries and diseases.
Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. v, 28p. Illus. 27 ref.

CIS 95-1539 Hall C.
Hand function with special regard to work with tools - Neurophysiological, biomechanical and ergonomic investigations of the hand
This thesis describes laboratory and field studies of posture and hand use in occupational settings, as well as the forces that act on the hand during work with tools. Two new computerized methods for systematic observation of occupational work load were developed and evaluated. A study of automobile assembly line workers showed higher prevalences of subjective forearm-hand symptoms, tendinitis and carpal tunnel syndrome than in the general population. Work with power tools and long holding time per work operations were associated with a high prevalence of self reported symptoms of the forearm and hand. Pressure applied to the hand, pressure pain threshold and finger and hand force were also investigated. Detailed summary in English and French.
Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1995. 81p. Illus. 260 ref.

1994

CIS 96-92 What everyone should know about portable tool safety
Training booklet on portable tool safety (both manual and power tools). Test for self assessment.
Scriptographic Publications Ltd., Channing House, Butts Road, Alton, Hants GU34 1ND, United Kingdom, 1994. 15p. Illus. Price: GBP 0.55-0.94 (depending on number of Scriptographic booklets ordered). ###

CIS 95-1273 Hand and arm vibration syndrome: Detection and prevention
La maladie du marteau pneumatique: détection et prévention [in French]
Videotape on the detection and prevention of vibration disease ("white finger disease") among miners with prolonged exposure to vibrating tools.
The Mining Association of Canada, 1105-350 Sparks Street, Ottawa, Ont. K1R 7S8, Canada. No date. Videotape (length: 10min). Free. ###

CIS 95-1531 Davis P.J., Fernandez J.E.
Maximum acceptable frequencies for females performing a drilling task in different wrist postures
A study was made of 12 females performing a simulated drilling task using nine wrist postures at an adjustable workstation. Results revealed that flexion, extension and radial deviation all had a significant effect on maximum acceptable frequencies, while ulnar deviation did not. The postures are ranked in order of possible risk of contributing to cumulative trauma disorders, with neutral having the lowest risk and flexion having the highest risk.
Journal of Human Ergology, Dec. 1994, Vol.23, No.2, p.81-92. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 95-1012 Skogstad M., Levy F.
Occupational irritant contact dermatitis and fungal infection in construction workers
A study was made of six construction workers who developed chronic skin diseases on their hands over a period of 15 years. Four developed Trichophyton rubrum infection, and the other two an irritant contact dermatitis. All of them carried out jobs which caused traumatization of the skin due to the presence of ethylene glycol and mineral oils during operation of pneumatic hammers in winter. Construction workers may be at risk of developing an occupational skin disease involving fungal infection.
Contact Dermatitis, July 1994. Vol.31, No.1, p.28-30. 6 ref.

CIS 95-713 Yokoi M., Nakai M.
Study of portable electric drill noise
A study was conducted to determine the relative contributions of various noise sources to the sound produced by an unloaded portable electric drill. The principal noise sources were the cooling fan, contacts between the two carbon brushes and the grooves on the commutator and meshing of the teeth on the two helical gears used to increase the speed of the drill chuck relative to the rotational speed of the drill motor. Noise sources were identified from measurements of sound intensity vectors.
Noise Control Engineering Journal, July-Aug. 1994, Vol.42, No.4, p.129-136. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 95-356 Mital A., Kuo T., Faard H.F.
A quantitative evaluation of gloves used with non-powered hand tools in routine maintenance tasks
The influence of a variety of commercially available gloves on the force/torque exertion capability of workers using wrenches and screwdrivers was determined. Peak torque and muscle activity were recorded for workers using seven different hand tools and nine varieties of gloves while exerting peak volitional torques on a simulated workpiece. Results indicated that muscle activity did not differ significantly between the glove and no-glove situations and the peak torque exertion capability of individuals generally increased with gloves. The magnitude of torque exerted on the workpiece was different for different gloves.
Ergonomics, Feb. 1994, Vol.37, No.2, p.333-343. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 95-336
Health and Safety Executive
Chainsaws
This leaflet gives practical advice on the safe use of portable, hand held, internal combustion-engined chainsaws. Contents: legal aspects; training in safe use; maintenance; pre-use checks; fuelling and lubrication; protective clothing; pre-job planning; starting the chainsaw; kickback hazards; safe use of the chainsaw; hearing protection; first aid.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1994. 11p. Illus. 6 ref. Free.

CIS 94-2086 Hanley P.
Health and Safety Executive, Technology and Health Sciences Division
Vibration hazards from road breakers
Contents of this report: terminology; legislation; road breaker types and application; review of vibration hazards and vibration exposure data; vibration exposure (dose) reduction (control measures, vibration dose, design and use of the tool, reduction of vibration by use of suspended handles); vibration risk reduction (ergonomics, training); state of the art; future research. Appendices include a table of vibration measured on road breakers and relationships between EC Directives and UK Regulations.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury CO10 6FS, Suffolk, United Kingdom, Feb. 1994. v, 32p. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 94-1755 Forestry machinery - Portable chain saws - Minimum handle clearance and sizes
Machines forestières - Scies à chaîne portatives - Espaces libres minimaux et dimensions des poignées. [in French]
This standard lays down the dimensions of the front and rear handle clearances and the handle dimensions of portable hand-held chain saws in order to ensure their safe and comfortable operation.
International Organization for Standardization, Case Postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, Sep. 1994. ii, 5p. Illus.

CIS 94-1548
Health and Safety Executive
Live wires: What to look for when inspecting portable electrical equipment
This videotape provides basic training on a simple, inexpensive system of visual inspection of portable electrical equipment which can detect 95% of the damage or faults that can occur in such equipment.
CFL Vision, P.O. Box 35, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7EX, United Kingdom, 1994. Videotape (length: 15min). Price: GBP 11.49 (hire), GBP 42.13 (sale).

1993

CIS 97-614 Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Part 2: Particular requirements for circular saws and circular knives
Sécurité des outils électroportatifs à moteur - Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les scies circulaires et les couteaux circulaires [in French]
This international standard applies to all types of circular saws and circular knives used for cutting any kind of material. It forms the second edition of IEC 745-2-5 and replaces the first edition (CIS 83-1524). This part is intended to be used with the first edition of IEC 745-1: Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools, Part 1: General requirement (CIS 83-631).
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, Case postale 131, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., July 1993. 37p. Illus.

CIS 96-1563 Power chain saws [Sweden]
Motorkedjesågar [in Swedish]
This amendment of regulation AFS 1990:7 was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directives 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442) and 89/686/EEC (CIS 90-381). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability; personal protective equipment.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 5p.

CIS 96-1559 Brushwood saws [Sweden]
Röjsågar [in Swedish]
This amendment of regulation AFS 1983:7 (CIS 83-1135) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p.

CIS 96-1556 Nail guns [Sweden]
Spikpistoler [in Swedish]
This amendment of regulation AFS 1984:3 (CIS 84-617) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p.

CIS 96-1554 Motorized hedge trimmers [Sweden]
Motordrivna häcksaxar [in Swedish]
This amendment of regulation AFS 1981:22 (CIS 82-344) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p.

CIS 96-1551 Handheld circular saws for woodworking [Sweden]
Handcirkelsågar för trä [in Swedish]
This amendment of regulation AFS 1986:30 (CIS 87-54) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding the applicability.
Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p.

CIS 95-2252 Sakakibara H., Suzuki H., Momoi Y., Yamada S.
Elbow joint disorders in relation to vibration exposure and age in stone quarry workers
Angles of maximum active motion in elbow extension and flexion were measured in 74 male workers of a stone quarry in Japan. In addition, antero-posterior and lateral radiographs of both elbows were taken. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the influences of age and vibration caused by power-driven hammers and tools on the diagnosed elbow joint disorders. It was found that the duration of operation of power-driven hand tools contributed significantly to the elbow joint disorders while there was no significant relationship to the age of the workers.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1993, Vol.65, No.1, p.9-12. 18 ref.

CIS 95-1191 Noise from powered hand-held concrete-breakers and picks [Sweden]
Buller från maskindrivna handhållna betongspett och mejselhammare [in Swedish]
This directive is in compliance with EEC Directive 84/537/EEC (CIS 95-1199). It gives procedures for type testing, approval and marking of these tools with respect to noise. Permissible sound power levels are between 108 and 114dB(A), depending on size of the tool. In an annex are guidelines for noise measurements, calculations and reporting of results.
Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 29 Nov. 1993. Illus. 33p.

CIS 95-1093 Safety of hand-held motor-operated electric tools - Part 2. Particular requirements for tackers
Sécurité des outils électroportatifs à moteur - Partie 2. Règles particulières pour les agrafeuses [in French]
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., Feb. 1993. 17p. ###

CIS 95-762 Lewis W.G., Narayan C.V.
Design and sizing of ergonomic handles for hand tools
Handles for two commonly used hand tools, the chisel and off-set pliers, were designed using ergonomic principles. Analysis of anthropometric data indicated that three sizes of handle could be made to satisfy male and female populations. The stresses developed during use of the tools were analyzed to verify the validity of the design. Ergonomic evaluation using electromyography indicated that the use of such handles reduces the stresses on the palm of the hand and leads to increased work efficiency and user comfort.
Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 1993, Vol.24, No.5, p.351-356. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 95-761 Degani A., Asfour S.S., Waly S.M., Koshy J.G.
A comparative study of two shovel designs
A modified shovel design with two perpendicular shafts was compared with a regular shovel. The modified shovel was tested and evaluated in a controlled laboratory experiment using electromyography (EMG) and in a field study using perceived ratings of exertion. There was a significant reduction in EMG values of the lumbar paraspinal muscles and a consistent reduction in perceived exertion ratings while the modified shovel was being used. Results indicate that the modified shovel design can aid in reducing musculoskeletal stress.
Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 1993, Vol.24, No.5, p.306-312. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 95-712 Kirk P.
Earmuff effectiveness against chainsaw noise over a 12-month period
A study to measure the ability of new Peltor H7P3 Grade 4 helmet-mounted earmuffs to reduce the level of chain saw noise reaching forestry workers' ears was undertaken over a one-year period. Attenuation measurements indicated that the earmuffs provided effective hearing protection for loggers over the test period in spite of a decrease in attenuation measured at the 12-month stage. Many of the earmuffs would normally have been replaced before the 12-month stage owing to the discomfort associated with cushion deterioration.
Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1993, Vol.24, No.4, p.279-283. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 95-352 Eklund J., Freivalds A.
Special issue on hand tools for the 1990s
This special issue contains papers presented at a symposium on hand tools and hand-held machines held in Linköping, Sweden, 21 August 1990. Papers include: hand tools for the 1990s; screwdrivers and their use from a Swedish construction industry perspective; reaction torques and operator stress while using powered nutrunners; pneumatic tool torque reaction and discomfort in the hand-arm system; torque reaction in angled nutrunners; sensitivity of the hand to surface pressure; friction between hand and handle; an approach to ergonomics evaluation of hand tools; a cube model for the classification of work with hand tools and the formulation of functional requirements; plate-shears design, user characteristics and performance.
Applied Ergonomics, June 1993, Vol.24, No.3, p.146-230. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 95-144 Rocher O., Ley F.X., Méreau P., Donati P.
Osteo-articular disorders of the elbow associated with the exposure to vibration produced by hand-held equipment - Literature survey
Pathologie ostéo-articulaire du coude liée à l'exposition aux vibrations engendrées par les machines portatives - Etude bibliographique [in French]
At the present, osteo-articular disorders associated with vibration exposure are only compensated as an occupational disease in a few countries such as Belgium, France, Germany and Italy. The best known aspects of the association between vibration exposure and the osteo-articular pathology of the elbow are reviewed, including the nature and frequency of this type of disorders, their natural history and pathophysiology. A summary of publications dealing with vibration and the osteo-articular disorders of the elbow is presented in order to identify hypotheses on the potential role of aetiological factors.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 1993, No.56, p.375-386. Illus. 74 ref.

CIS 94-2077 Tominaga Y.
The relationship between exposure to vibration and symptoms of vibration syndrome
The relationship between vibration exposure and symptoms of vibration disease in 301 workers using various vibrating tools was examined. There was a linear relationship between cumulative dose and symptoms in most cases, although the onset of numbness and white finger did not always occur at the same dose. Operators of sand-rammers in foundries and mine drills showed fewer symptoms than their exposures predicted. The miners' experience probably reflected the protective effect of high environmental temperatures that other investigators have reported. The results for the sand-rammers suggest that the method for calculating exposure (international standard ISO 5349) overestimates the effect of low-frequency (<16Hz) vibration.
Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, 1 Oct. 1993, Vol.69, No.10, p.1-14. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 94-1727 Noise reduction measures in the cement industry
Massnahmen zur Lärmminderung in der Betonindustrie [in German]
When shaping machines are used for the manufacturing of paving blocks, concrete slabs and pipes, noise reduction at the source by design modifications of the machinery is not sufficient. Noise levels still amount to between 110 and 125dB. Only acoustic enclosures bring noise exposure down to levels below 85dB(A). Examples of efficient enclosures are presented.
Die Industrie der Steine und Erden, Nov.-Dec. 1993, Vol.103, NO.6, p.45-50, 52. Illus.

CIS 94-1725 Häuser
Reducing the noise emission by metal shuttering in plants manufacturing prefabricated concrete elements
Lärmminderung an Stahlschalungen in Beton-Fertigteilwerken [in German]
Noise sources in manufacturing plants for prefabricated concrete elements were determined. Through the elimination of all loose joints on existing metal shuttering and the use of silenced concrete vibrators, noise level reductions of 15 to 18dB(A) could be achieved. The noise exposure of workers was lowered from 110 to between 90 and 95dB(A).
Mitteilungen der Südwestlichen Bau-Berufsgenossenschaft, 1993, No.2, p.21-24. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 94-1715 Safety of transportable motor-operated electric tools - Part 2: Particular requirements for circular saws, radial arm saws, planers and thicknessers, bench grinders, band saws, diamond drills with water supply and diamond saws with water supply
Sécurité des machines-outils électriques semi-fixes - 2e partie: Règles particulières pour les scies circulaires, les scies radiales, les dégauchisseuses et les raboteuses, les tourets à meuler, les scies à ruban, les foreuses à béton, les tronçonneuses à béton [in French]
These seven parts of IEC 1029-2 supplement or modify the corresponding clauses in IEC 1029-1 (see CIS 94-1714) as they relate to: circular saws, radial arm saws, planers and thicknessers, bench grinders, band saws, diamond drills with water supply, and diamond saws with water supply. In particular, additional requirements are specified for marking, stability and mechanical hazards and construction.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, Mar. 1993. 7 vols. 25p., 21p., 29p., 31p., 17p., 17p., 17p. Illus.

CIS 94-1080 Ulin S.S., Armstrong T.J., Snook S.H., Franzblau A.
Effect of tool shape and work location on perceived exertion for work on horizontal surfaces
Thirty subjects drove screws into perforated sheet metal mounted on a horizontal surface using three air-powered tools that varied in shape (right-angle, in-line, and pistol-shaped). There were four horizontal work locations. The vertical placement of the horizontal beam was at mid-thigh, elbow, and mid-chest height. The Borg 10-point ratio rating scale was used. The ratings of perceived exertion increased with increasing horizontal distance from the body. When tool shape was not considered, the perceived exertion was virtually equal for driving screws at mid-thigh or elbow height. The ratings at mid-chest height were significantly higher than elbow and mid-thigh height. When tool shape was taken into account, subjects perceived less exertion driving screws with the pistol-shaped tool at mid-thigh height. The in-line and right-angle tools had the lowest ratings of perceived exertion for driving screws at elbow and mid-chest height.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1993, Vol.54, No.7, p.383-391. Illus. 44 ref.

CIS 94-678 Delbianco M., Olivetti G., De Donato S.R., Ricciotti M., Campana A.
Hand-arm vibration risk and cumulative trauma disorders in the shoe manufacturing industry - A case report
Rischio da vibrazioni al sistema mano-braccio e cumulative trauma disorders nel settore calzaturiero - Descrizione di un caso clinico [in Italian]
Report on the case of a woman working in a shoe factory who had been using vibrating tools for five years. Because of paraesthesia in her left hand, she underwent various diagnostic trials that revealed an initial carpal-tunnel syndrome of the left wrist and a homolateral epicondylitis. Measurement of the vibrations transmitted to the hand from the vibrating tool confirmed the probability of a high risk of exposure for the hand-arm system. Such adverse effects are also known as "cumulative trauma disorders". The importance of further studies aimed at estimating the type and degree of exposure to vibrations in shoe manufacturing workers is stressed.
Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1993, Vol.84, No.4, p.306-310. Illus. 18 ref.

CIS 94-727 Oh S., Radwin R.G.
Pistol grip power tool handle and trigger size effects on grip exertions and operator preference
Pneumatic nutrunners (power wrenches) were constructed with two different triggers and four handle spans. Performance and preference were determined in two groups of subjects: university students and factory workers with experience in the use of power hand tools; both sexes were represented in both groups. Use of an elongated trigger instead of the conventional trigger presently used on commercial tools reduced both the force needed to actuate the tool and the force required to hold it. Measurements of exertion supported the subjective impression that narrow handles required excess effort to hold. Significant differences between the student and worker groups were observed in grip strength, peak forces, exertion levels and holding forces.
Human Factors, Sep. 1993, Vol.35, No.3, p.551-569. Illus. 23 ref.

CIS 94-361 Tomasini M., Todaro A., Pogliaghi L.
Occupational Raynaud's phenomenon in a dentist - A case study
Fenomeno di Raynaud occupazionale in dentista - Presentazione di un caso [in Italian]
After more than 39 years of practice, a dentist developed Raynaud's phenomenon of the hand exposed to vibrations generated by dental instruments. Other possible occupational, pharmacological and systemic disease factors that could cause Raynaud's phenomenon were excluded. Since it has been reported in the literature that the exposure of dentists and dental technicians to vibrations might exceed the permissible limits, the occupational aetiology of this case is a reasonable supposition.
Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1993, Vol.84, No.1, p.51-54. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 93-795
Husqvarna Forest & Garden
A guide to safety with chainsaws
Safety guide usable as training material for farmers, forestry workers and others using chainsaws. Contents: knowing one's capabilities; knowing the chainsaw; personal safety equipment; work area safety; checking, starting, using and refuelling chainsaws; avoiding kickbacks; care of chainsaws; protection against health risks (exhaust fumes, hearing loss, vibration disease); general chainsaw maintenance.
Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1993. 36p. Illus.

1992

CIS 98-1567 Grand-Ducal Regulation of 8 July 1992 concerning the limitation of noise emissions ... of construction plant and equipment [Luxembourg]
Règlement grand-ducal du 8 juil. 1992 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores ... des engins de chantier [Luxembourg] [in French]
Grand-Ducal Regulation of 8 July 1992 concerning a) the limitation of noise emissions from hydraulic and cable shovels, bulldozers, loaders and shovel loaders; b) the amendment of Grand-Ducal Regulation of 28 September 1988 (CIS 92-1441) concerning earth-moving materials and equipment. It has since been modified by Grand-Ducal Regulation of 8 December 1996 (CIS 98-1568). Topics: approval; bulldozers; compliance tests; determination of exposure limits; earthmoving equipment; hazard identification; labelling; law; loaders; Luxembourg; noise level; noise measurement; noise; shovels; sound power.
Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 8 July 1992, p.1149-1152.

CIS 95-2036 Prevention of risks in the use of hand tools
Prevención en el uso de herramientas de mano [in Spanish]
Training guide to the safe use of hand tools. It covers: proper and improper use of hand tools; commonly used hand tools (used for hitting, fastening, cutting, etc.); acquisition, storage and maintenance of hand tools.
Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 31p. Illus.

CIS 95-525
Health and Safety Executive
Watch your back - Backstrain among chainsaw operators
CFL Vision, P.O. Box 35, Wetherby LS23 7EX, United Kingdom, 1992. Videotape. Length: 13min. Price: GBP 11.49 (hire), GBP 38.30 (sale). ###

CIS 94-1059 Chambran J.M.
Power-driven hand tools. Which safety rules? Definitions, classification and safety rules. Parts I and II
Les machines portatives. Quelles règles de sécurité leur appliquer? Définition, classification, règles de sécurité. 1re et 2e parties [in French]
Two-part article on power-driven hand tools. Part I deals with the different definitions that exist in French usage (French Labour Code, French and European standards). It also provides a classification of these machines and describes the safety regulations applying to them in France. Part II provides detailed descriptions of the technical safety rules applying to power-driven hand tools, such as rules relating to: general safety, stability, maintenance, electricity, vibrations, self-certification, pre-use safety checks.
Sécurité - sciences et techniques, Oct. 1992, No.116, p.34-38, and Nov. 1992, No.117, p.29-38. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 94-1054 Hand-guided power driven machines: Vibration, declaration and verification
This test method applies to vibrating hand-held and hand-guided power driven machines. Information is provided on the declaration of hand-arm weighted acceleration values along with a description of product information to be given in technical documents supplied to users by the manufacturer. The method for verifying the declared hand-arm weighted acceleration values stated by the manufacturer is specified. Guidelines for determining the declared acceleration values are given in an annex.
NORDTEST, P.O. Box 116, 02151 Espoo, Finland, 1993. 10p. 6 ref.

CIS 94-675 Vibration control of hammer drills
Vibrationsminderung an Schlagbohrmaschinen [in German]
To reduce hand-arm vibrations during manual rock drilling with a hammer drill the rate of revolution of the drill bit was optimized. In addition, an enclosure was designed with shock absorbers sandwiched in between its outer and inner wall. Vibrations on the hand-arm system were reduced by 30 to 50% without lowering the performance of the hammer drill.
Elektro-Handel, July-Aug. 1992, Vol.37, No.7-8, p. 56, 59, 61-62. Illus.

CIS 93-2020 Suruda A., Smith L.
Work-related electrocutions involving portable power tools and appliances
Portable power tools and appliances can be identified as the source of injury in approximately 9% of occupational electrocutions. A search of fatality records for 1984 through 1986 in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) databases identified 102 electrocutions involving portable appliances and tools that used 110-volt AC and 33 deaths involving welding equipment, which usually operates on 220-volt AC or higher. Fifty-one deaths occurred in the construction industry, 13 in services, 13 in manufacturing, and 25 in other industries. Plumbing contractors had the highest number of deaths (15) in construction. Powered hand-tools were involved in 58 deaths, with electric drills (23) and saws (13) the two largest classes. Proper provision of ground-fault circuit interrupter protection, particularly at temporary work sites, could have prevented most of the deaths from 110-volt AC.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1992, Vol.34, No.9, p.887-892. Illus. 23 ref.

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