Visual display terminals (VDTs) - 595 entries found

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1998

CIS 99-1381 Travis D., Heasman T.
Health and Safety Executive
DSE health problems: User-based assessments of DSE health risks
Topics: artificial lighting; backache; CRT display terminals; eye irritation; fatigue; hazard evaluation; health hazards; migraine; neck disorders; questionnaire survey; risk factors; shoulder; thermal environment; visual function disorders; workplace design.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. vi, 47p. 2 ref. Price: GBP 20.00.

CIS 99-1368 Aarås A., Horgen G., Bjørset H.H., Ro O., Thoresen M.
Musculoskeletal, visual and psychosocial stress in VDU operators before and after multidisciplinary ergonomic interventions
Three serial interventions were carried out on two groups of VDU workers: a new lighting system, new workstations (providing support for the forearm and hand) and an optometric examination and corrections if needed. Both groups reported significant improvement in lighting conditions and visual conditions and significantly reduced visual discomfort and glare. Significant reduction of headache was found in one of the groups. Optometric corrections reduced the visual discomfort in both groups. Before the workstation changes there were no significant differences between the groups regarding shoulder pain and static trapezius electromyography load. Two years after the intervention, a significant reduction of shoulder pain was reported in the two groups in parallel with a significant reduction in static trapezius load. Pain in the forearm and hand showed no significant changes during the study period. However, there appeared to be a relationship between pain in the forearm and hand and the time the operator used the mouse. Topics: artificial lighting; backache; comfort assessment; comparative study; CRT display terminals; electromyography; illumination levels; luminance; migraine; neuropsychic stress; shoulder; stress factors; upper extremity disorders; visual comfort; workplace design.
Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 1998, Vol.29, No.5, p.335-354. Illus. 77 ref.

CIS 99-1221 Nibel H.
Does work on visual display terminals really make you sick?
Macht Bildschirmarbeit wirklich krank? [in German]
Eyestrain before and after introduction of work on CRT display terminals was assessed by telephone operators, computer-aided designers and bank employees. All participants kept a diary of their eye problems. In addition frequency of blinking was determined. Telephone operators complained most frequently of eyestrain while bank employees had the lowest frequency of complaints. Reported eyestrain was highest during or after private conflicts. The ergonomic conditions on the workplace had little influence on the frequency of eyestrain. Topics: banking and insurance; computer aided design; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; eyes; fatigue assessment; subjective assessment; telephone exchanges; visual fatigue.
Personal, Mar. 1998, Vol.50, No.3, p.122-127. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-1016 Matias A.C., Salvendy G., Kuczek T.
Predictive models of carpal tunnel syndrome causation among VDT operators
Data on job exposure, anthropometry and posture factors were collected for 100 female video-display terminal (VDT) users who performed a variety of office functions. The percentage of the workday spent working with a VDT was the most significant factor in the causation of musculoskeletal discomforts associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Results also showed evidence of the importance of trunk and wrist posture in the development of CTS and indicated that individual differences in terms of anthropometric measurements play a significant role when combined with posture and duration. Results suggest that prevention of CTS is possible through ergonomic interventions in the design of workstations and jobs. Topics: anthropometry; carpal-tunnel syndrome; CRT display terminals; keyboard operations; length of exposure; mathematical models; office work; prediction; questionnaire survey; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; women; work posture.
Ergonomics, Feb. 1998, Vol.41, No.2, p.213-226. 10 ref.

CIS 99-674 Cook C.J., Kothiyal K.
Influence of mouse position on muscular activity in the neck, shoulder and arm in computer users
Surface electromyography and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment were used to determine the differences in muscle activity and posture during an editing task in each of three mouse positions. Significantly less anterior and middle deltoid electromyographic activity was demonstrated when the computer mouse was positioned adjacent to a keyboard without a numeric pad when compared to performance of an identical task with the mouse adjacent to a standard keyboard. Electromyographic activity in trapezius muscle did not differ between mouse positions. Working posture of right handed mouse users is improved by removal of the numeric keypad. Topics: cervical column; computer terminals; electromyography; ergonomic evaluation; man-computer interfaces; measurement of load on muscles; shoulder; work posture; workplace design.
Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.439-443. Illus. 26 ref.

CIS 99-673 Karlqvist L.
A process for the development, specification and evaluation of VDU work desks
A table suitable for VDU work with a mouse was developed with the participation of furniture manufacturers, employees and an employer in a research and development company. Final evaluations of the new workstations were made by technical recordings of physical load during work and by preference studies. The most important results from the evaluation were that the work table should make it possible to support the arms, to vary between sitting and standing posture and to prevent outward rotation of the shoulder. Furthermore, the study showed that it is possible to improve the furniture manufacturer's knowledge and attitudes regarding how to minimize musculoskeletal disorders and to improve working techniques. Topics: comfort assessment; CRT display terminals; electromyography; ergonomic evaluation; evaluation of equipment; subjective assessment; tables; work posture; workers participation; workplace design.
Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.423-432. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 99-671 Burgess-Limerick R., Plooy A., Ankrum D.R.
The effect of imposed and self-selected computer monitor height on posture and gaze angle
Twelve subjects performed a tracking task with a computer monitor placed at three different heights. They then completed eight trails in which monitor height was first self-selected. The 27° change in monitor height imposed was, on average, accommodated by 18° of head inclination and a 9° change in gaze angle relative to the head. The self-selected height varied depending on the initial monitor height and inclination. Self-selected monitor heights were lower than current 'eye-level' recommendations. Lower monitor heights are likely to reduce both visual and musculoskeletal discomfort. Topics: angle of vision; cervical column; CRT display terminals; design of equipment; ergonomic evaluation; office work; sitting posture; visual comfort; work posture.
Clinical Biomechanics, Dec. 1998, Vol.13, No.8, p.584-592. Illus. 28 ref.

CIS 99-322 Smith M.J., Karsh B.T., Conway F.T., Cohen W.J., James C.A., Morgan J.J., Sanders K., Zehel D.J.
Effects of a split keyboard design and wrist rest on performance, posture, and comfort
In a laboratory study of text typing for 4 consecutive hours on 5 days, 18 participants were exposed to a split, adjustable keyboard and a flat keyboard. Participants could perform as well on the split keyboard as on the flat keyboard. The split keyboard provided advantages for reduced wrist/hand pronation. There was no difference between the keyboards in the level of musculoskeletal pain reported after typing. However, there was reported increased pain in the back, neck, shoulders and wrists from the beginning to the end of each of the experimental periods form both keyboards. Topics: backache; comfort assessment; computer terminals; data processing; design of equipment; ergonomics; keyboard operations; musculoskeletal diseases; neck disorders; shoulder; subjective assessment; work capacity; work posture; wrist.
Human Factors, June 1998, Vol.40, No.2, p.324-336. Illus. 41 ref.

CIS 98-1534 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 11: Guidance on usability
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 11: Lignes directrices relatives à l'utilisabilité [in French]
Topics: computer terminals; CRT display terminals; ergonomics; ISO; man-computer interfaces; office work; standard.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1998. iv, 22p. Illus. 25 ref.

CIS 98-529
Health and Safety Executive
Working with VDUs
Training brochure on the health and safety aspects of visual display unit work (United Kingdom), 1998. Topics: CRT display terminals; expectant mothers; legislation; responsibilities of employers; safety guides; training material; United Kingdom; upper extremity disorders; visual fatigue.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Feb. 1998. 16p. Illus. 2 ref.

CIS 98-334 Anshel J.
Visual ergonomics in the workplace
Topics: artificial lighting; blind workers; CRT display terminals; design of equipment; economic aspects; ergonomics; eye examinations; face and eye protection; glossary; legal aspects; manuals; physiology of vision; relaxation exercises; visual comfort; visual displays; visual function disorders; workplace design.
Taylor and Francis, Rankine Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 8PR, United Kingdom, 1998. x, 148p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBR 14.95.

1997

CIS 01-1113 Checking computer screen workplaces - Software on the Visual Display Unit Ordinance [Germany]
Bildschirmarbeitsplatz-Check - Software zur Bildschirmarbeitsverordnung [in German]
Topics: CD-ROM; computer programme; CRT display terminals; ergonomic evaluation; Germany; legislation; work design; workplace design.
Universum Verlagsanstalt, GmbH KG, Postfach 5720, 65175 Wiesbaden, Germany, 1997. CD-ROM for Windows 3.1, 3.11 or 95. Required configuration: 486DX266, 8MB RAM (12 MB recommended), min. 15 MB HardDisk (30 MB recommended), VGA Monitor 256 colours, mouse.

CIS 00-1647 Guidelines for work with visual display units
Topics: air conditioning; artificial lighting; CRT display terminals; data sheet; electromagnetic radiation; ergonomics; eye examinations; glare; occupational hygiene; permissible radiation doses; safety guides; Singapore; sitting posture; work-rest schedules; workplace design.
Department of Industrial Health, Ministry of Labour, 18 Havelock Road, Singapore 053764, Republic of Singapore, Dec. 1997. 22p. Illus.

CIS 99-1657 Calvo Sáez J.A.
Work with visual display terminals and workplace lighting
Iluminación de locales en los que se trabaja con ordenadores de pantalla [in Spanish]
Topics: artificial lighting; contrast; CRT display terminals; field of vision; fluorescent tubes; glare; illumination levels; light measurement; lighting; luminance; reflected light; visual comfort; working surfaces; workplaces.
Prevención, July-Sep. 1997, No.141, p.22-38. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 99-1380 Working safely with video display terminals
Topics: artificial lighting; check lists; CRT display terminals; data sheet; design of equipment; electromagnetic radiation; health hazards; musculoskeletal diseases; USA; visual fatigue; work design; workplace design.
U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Publications Office, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington D.C. 20210, USA, 1997. iii, 28p. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 99-1023 Tattoli P.
VDTs: Further contributions
VDT: un ulteriore contributo [in Italian]
Topics: comment on law; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; ergonomic evaluation; health hazards; Italy; man-computer interfaces; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; risk factors; visual function disorders; work design; workplace design.
Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.90-99. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 99-684 Assessment and prevention of hazards from using equipment with visual display units
Evaluación y prevención de los riesgos relativos a la utilización de equipos con pantallas de visualización [in Spanish]
Topics: check lists; comment on law; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; hazard evaluation; legislation; offices; Spain; workplace design.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 54p. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 98-1511 Polanyi M.F.D., Cole D.C., Beaton D.E., Chung J., Wells R., Abdolell M., Beech-Hawley L., Ferrier S.E., Mondloch M.V., Shields S.A., Smith J.M., Shannon H.S.
Upper limb work-related musculoskeletal disorders among newspaper employees: Cross-sectional survey results
Topics: Canada; computer terminals; cross-sectional study; elbow; ergonomics; hand; human factors; journalism; keyboard operations; musculoskeletal diseases; neck disorders; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; shoulder; social aspects; speed of work; upper extremity disorders; work organization; work posture; wrist.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Dec. 1997, Vol.32, No.6, p.620-628. 49 ref.

CIS 98-1508 Ferreira M., de Souza Conceição G.M., Nascimento Saldiva P.H.
Work organization is significantly associated with upper extremities musculoskeletal disorders among employees engaged in interactive computer-telephone tasks of an international bank subsidiary in São Paulo, Brazil
Topics: banking and insurance; Brazil; computer terminals; epidemiologic study; hand; intensity of work; musculoskeletal diseases; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; speed of work; telephone communications; upper extremity disorders; work organization; work-rest schedules; wrist.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1997, Vol.31, No.4, p.468-473. 26 ref.

CIS 98-1533 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 15: Command dialogues
Exigences ergonomiques concernant le travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 15: Dialogues de type langage de commande [in French]
Topics: CRT display terminals; ergonomics; ISO; man-computer interfaces; office work; standard.
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. vi, 29p. Illus. 55 ref.

CIS 98-347 Karquel C., Edmé J.L., Nuttens M.C., Pamart-Denaux B., Dhalluin D., Frimat P.
VDU work and psychotropic drugs consumption: Myth or reality?
Travail sur écran et consommation de psychotropes: mythe ou réalité? [in French]
Topics: benzodiazepines; conditions of work; CRT display terminals; drugs; France; questionnaire survey; statistical evaluation; women.
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1997, Vol.58, No.6, p.533-538. 14 ref.

CIS 98-335 Alternative keyboards
Booklet on alternative keyboard design. Topics: CRT display terminals; design of equipment; ergonomics; hand; keyboard operations; office equipment; office work; USA; work posture; wrist lesions.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1997. 13p. Illus.

CIS 97-2072 Villanueva M.B.G., et al.
Sitting posture and neck and shoulder muscle activities at different screen height settings of the visual display terminal
Working posture and electromyographic activities of the neck and shoulder muscles were determined in ten video display terminal operators performing a mouse-driven interactive task at screen height settings of 80, 100 and 120cm. Changes in body positions were measured by video image and frame analysis. At greater screen heights, the neck became significantly more erect, and subjects assumed a more backward leaning trunk position. A more upright position of the neck may result in decreased load on the neck extensor muscles, as indicated by the strong correlation between neck flexion and neck extensor muscle activity.
Industrial Health, July 1997, Vol.35, No.3, p.330-336. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 97-1874 Eriksson N., et al.
Facial skin symptoms in office workers: A five-year follow-up study
The objective of this long-term study was to investigate changes in and causes of facial skin symptoms among visual display terminal (VDT) workers in northern Sweden, based on questionnaire surveys, workplace assessment, interviews with personnel staff and clinical examinations of 163 subjects selected as a case-referent group from 3,233 VDT workers. Among workers with isolated skin symptoms, facial symptoms were of a transitory nature, whereas the prognosis for those with a more complex set of symptoms was less favourable. Changes in the use of VDTs and other electric devices had no effect on facial skin symptoms, and the strongest external risk indicators for lasting skin symptoms were in the psychosocial work environment and in individual health factors.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1997, Vol.39, No.2, p.108-118. 28 ref.

CIS 97-1562 Visual display units
These five chapters in a major new survey of OSH examine health and safety aspects of visual display units (VDUs): work posture and muscular load at VDU work (musculoskeletal illness and discomfort, postural load, a reference work posture giving the operator minimum static muscle activity, health consequences of applying ergonomic principles); visual conditions for VDU workplaces; optometric procedures (viewing angle, use of spectacles); electromagnetic fields and noise; psychosocial risk factors.
In: The Workplace (by Brune D. et al., eds), Scandinavian Science Publisher as, Bakkehaugveien 16, 0873 Oslo, Norway, 1997, Vol.2, p.173-235. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-1360 Salsi S., et al.
Contrast threshold changes during a long working session on visual display terminals
Variations du seuil de contraste au cours d'un travail de longue durée sur écran de visualisation [in French]
In order to evaluate the visual fatigue due to work on visual display units (VDUs), a contrast-threshold measurement method was developed. An experimental VDU workstation was set up in a laboratory. Test subjects performed data control tasks for a period of 3h. During this exercise, contrast thresholds, functional performance in a serial perceptual discrimination test and cerebral activity (by electroencephalogram) were measured every 30min. It is shown that contrast threshold increases may constitute an early warning sign of visual fatigue in VDU work.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2051-167-97, p.275-284. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 97-1073 Royal Decree 488/1997 (14 April) concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for work with equipment including visual display terminals [Spain]
Real Decreto 488/1997, de 14 de abril, sobre disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud relativas al trabajo con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización [España] [in Spanish]
This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 90/270/EEC (CIS 90-1069). Contents: aims and definitions; obligations of the employer; health surveillance; consultation and participation of workers; adaptation of existing equipment; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the evaluation and prevention of hazards connected with the use of VDTs. In annex: minimum requirements for equipment (screen, keyboard, table and work surface, work seat); environmental requirements (space, lighting, reflection, noise, heat).
Boletín Oficial del Estado, 23 Apr. 1997, No.97, p.12928-12930.

CIS 97-1387 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 1: General introduction
Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 1: Introduction générale [in French]
Part 1 of this international standard introduces the multipart standard on ergonomic requirements for the use of visual display terminals for office tasks; provides guidelines for user-performance approach; gives an overview of all parts of ISO 9241 currently published and of the anticipated content of those in preparation; provides some guidance on how to use ISO 9241; describes how conformance to ISO 9241 should be reported. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9241-1:1992 - CIS 94-388).
International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1997. iv, 7p. 5 ref.

CIS 97-1226 Honey S., et al.
Health and Safety Executive
Evaluation of the Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1992
Surveys of employers, employees and trade union representatives were carried out to evaluate those parts of the Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 (see CIS 93-24) that impose requirements specific to work with display screen equipment. Results are discussed in terms of the extent of use of display screen equipment, perceived risks, awareness and compliance with the Regulations, and actions taken by employers in relation to alterations to workstations, organization of the daily routine of users, and eye and eyesight tests. Costs and benefits of compliance are discussed and suggested improvements to the Regulations are put forward.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. xiii, 118p. Illus. Price: GBP 37.50.

1996

CIS 04-479
National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia)
Guidance note for the prevention of occupational overuse syndrome in keyboard employment
Contents of this guidance document: introduction (description of occupational overuse syndrome, overview of strategies); strategy for prevention; strategies for case management. In appendices: human factors in computer-aided design and in counter operation; telephone operations and keyboard work; glossary.
Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 2003. vii, 94p. 120 ref.
http://www.ascc.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/0DAC569C-47D0-4753-A923-6AE328F0E8BE/0/OOSKeyboardEmployment.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-473 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 10: Dialogue principles
Exigences ergonomiques pour le travail de bureau avec terminaux à écran de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 10: Principes de dialogue [in French]
Part 10 of this international standard deals with ergonomic design for visual display terminals (VDTs) and describes the general ergonomic principles which are independent of any specific dialogue technique, but should be applied in accordance with this standard. Seven principles have been identified to be important for the design and evaluation of a VTD dialogue: suitability of the task; self-descriptiveness; controllability; conformity with user expectations; error tolerance; suitability for individualization; suitability for learning.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 1996. v, 11p. 8 ref.

CIS 00-1645 Bauer D.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Development of a procedure for the quality control of computer screens in a field test
Entwicklung eines Verfahrens für die Güteprüfung von Bildschirmen im Feld [in German]
Topics: amblyopia; comfort criteria; comment on directive; contrast; CRT display terminals; description of equipment; description of technique; evaluation of equipment; Germany; magnetic fields; optimization; quality control; visual acuity; workplace design.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. iii, 69p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 00-1646 Triebe J.K., Wittstock M.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Catalogue of requirements for software development - Selection and application
Anforderungskatalog für Softwareentwicklung - Auswahl und Anwendung [in German]
Topics: comment on directive; comment on standard; computers; CRT display terminals; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; Germany; man-computer interfaces; mental stress; mental workload; office work; questionnaire survey.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. viii, 222p. Illus. approx. 480 ref.

CIS 00-886 Sanz Merinero J.A.
Visual display units
Pantallas de visualización de datos [in Spanish]
Topics: comment on directive; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; data sheet; design of equipment; legislation; lighting; Spain; work posture; workplace design.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1996. 8p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 99-1374 Pfister E., Lindner H., Ferl T.
Optimisation of the contrast of visual displays - Reduction of the psychophysiological stress
Optimierung des Bildschirmkontrastes - Reduktion der psychophysiologischen Beanspruchung [in German]
Topics: computers; contrast; CRT display terminals; ergonomics; experimental determination; neuropsychic stress; sensorimotor activities; visual comfort.
Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 1996, Vol.50, No.3, p.154-161. Illus. 54 ref.

CIS 98-1739 Bauer D.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Development of a procedure for the quality control of computer screens in a field test
Entwicklung eines Verfahrens für eine Güteprüfung von Bildschirmen im Feld [in German]
Topics: comment on directive; contrast; CRT display terminals; description of technique; ergonomics; evaluation of equipment; Germany; lighting and colour; visual comfort; visual fatigue; visual function disorders; workplace design.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. iii, 69p. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 98-1738 Triebe J.K., Wittstock M.
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz
Catalogue of requirements for software development - Selection and application
Anforderungskatalog für Softwareentwicklung - Auswahl und Anwendung [in German]
Topics: backache; comfort assessment; comment on directive; comment on standard; computer programme; CRT display terminals; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; Germany; job study; musculoskeletal diseases; office work; questionnaire survey.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. viii, 222p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 98-1022
Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsmedizin
Optimization of the design of visual display units workstations (Final report)
Gestaltung beanspruchungsoptimaler Bildschirmarbeit (Schlussbericht) [in German]
Topics: comment on standard; CRT display terminals; description of technique; ergonomic evaluation; Germany; job study; mental stress; mental workload; neuropsychic stress; questionnaire survey; stress evaluation; work organization; workplace design.
Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. 165p. Illus. 116 ref.

CIS 97-2029 Arnetz B. B., Berg M.
Melatonin and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in video display unit workers during work and leisure
This report examines the assays of two hormones (melatonin and ACTH) in 47 office workers. Significant decreases were found in circulating melatonin, whereas for ACTH an increase of the blood levels occurred during video display unit work, but not on days off. A possible impact of the electromagnetic field of the video unit is discussed. Changes in ACTH levels might be explained by the work-induced mental stress.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.38, No.11, p.1108-1110. 12 ref.

CIS 97-1359 Köster H.
Design of "Intelligent buildings" with improved use of daylight
"Intelligent Building" durch verbesserte Tageslichtnutzung [in German]
An innovative method of better using the daylight in buildings is described. The new natural lighting system takes into account the different needs of homes and offices. In offices attention is paid to providing visual comfort at work on visual display terminals. Special, patented mirrors are used to control solar radiation in summer and provide better use of it in winter. With these mirrors the daylight is directed to locations distant from the window. Solar radiation can be guided towards building structures such as concrete floor slabs which are capable of storing thermal energy.
Licht, Aug. 1996, Vol.48, No.7-8, p.588-596. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 97-1228 Marxhausen P.
Computer related repetitive strain injury
This document examines the nature and causes of repetitive strain injury (RSI) and other disorders related to the use of computers, and outlines preventive measures. Contents: symptoms of RSI; correct typing technique and posture; work breaks and relaxation exercises; reporting of symptoms; sources of information and help; review of ergonomic research on visual display workstations (electromagnetic radiation, vision complaints, musculoskeletal disorders, psychosocial stresses and workstation design).
Internet WWW pages, home-page address: http://engr-www.unl.edu/ee/eeshop/rsi.html Copyright: 1996. 28p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-381 Factories Ordinance - Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1996 [Gibraltar]
Regulations concerning the requirements for users of display screen equipment. Provisions relate to: the duty of employers to assess the health and safety risks of each workstation and to reduce the risks as far as possible; ensuring that workstations meet the minimum requirements laid down in the Schedule to these Regulations (design of the display screen, keyboard, work surface and chair, the general environment, and the computer/user interface); daily work routine and provision of work breaks; eye and eyesight tests; health and safety information and training.
Gibraltar Gazette, 29 Feb. 1996, No.2901, p.242-251.

CIS 97-308 Henning R.A., Callaghan E.A., Ortega A.M., Kissel G.V., Guttman J.I., Braun H.A.
Continuous feedback to promote self-management of rest breaks during computer use
This report on experiments was designed to investigate worker self-management of discretionary rest breaks during intensive computer work, with a view to reduce musculoskeletal discomfort and the risk of repetitive strain injury. Typists received scheduled breaks unless their discretionary breaks reached a target level of 30sec every 10min. Typists in treatment conditions received continuous feedback, indicating how their discretionary breaks compared with target levels. Those in the feedback conditions controlled discretionary breaks better than controls. They also reported less task disruption and back discomfort.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.18, p.71-82. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 96-2321 Gilad I.
Geometrical considerations in keyboard design
Evidence collected from professional typists indicates that in touch-typing work the use of a negative-slope computer-keyboard design decreased musculoskeletal effort, increased typing performance and improved postural comfort.
Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1996, Vol.1, No.2, p.111-118, 14 ref.

CIS 96-2320 Gilad I.
Performance analysis of keyboard operations
Among data-entry operators of both sexes, the split computer-keyboard was preferred for comfort over conventional keyboards; in addition, the use of a split, adjustable keyboard reduced the number of typing errors and increased productivity.
Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1996, Vol.1, No.2, p.101-110. 11 ref.

CIS 96-521 Visual display units
Pantallas de visualización de datos [in Spanish]
The widespread use of VDUs has led to a change in working conditions. This video looks at factors such as: luminance; workplace lighting, working posture, lack of communication, etc.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, ediciones y Publicaciones, C/ Torrelaguna, 73-28027 Madrid, Spain. PAL videotape (8min). Price: ESP 3000 + VAT. ###

CIS 96-721 de Araújo Couto H.
Ergonomic organization of workstations equipped with a VDU terminal or a computer
Organização ergonômica do posto de trabalho com terminal ou com microcomputador [in Portuguese]
Contents of this ergonomic treatment of VDU work: basic layout of VDU workstations; ergonomic issues of particular types of VDU work (data entry, word processing, computer-based information, desktop publishing); general work involving computers (e.g. managers, administrative personnel etc.).
Revista CIPA, Feb. 1996, Vol.17, No.195, p.72-74. Illus.

1995

CIS 01-1265 Forsthofer R.
Stress during work on with VDUs - Approaches for a system-oriented analysis of stress perceptions when working with computers
Stress am Bildschirmarbeitsplatz - Ansätze zu einer systemorientierten Analyse des Stresserlebens bei der Arbeit mit dem Computer [in German]
Topics: computers; CRT display terminals; ergonomics; mental workload; psychology and sociology; stress evaluation; stress factors; stress studies.
Verlag Dr. Kovač, Postfach 50 08 47, 22708 Hamburg, Germany, 1995. iv, 200p. Illus. 177 ref.

CIS 98-895 Oftedal G., Vistnes A.I., Rygge K.
Skin symptoms after the reduction of electric fields from visual display units
Topics: CRT display terminals; dermatological effects; electric fields; epidemiologic study; length of exposure; magnetic fields; microclimate; Norway; screens; social aspects.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1995, Vol.21, No.5, p.335-344. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 98-1025 VDT workstations: layout and lighting
Topics: artificial lighting; Canada; check lists; CRT display terminals; data sheet; illumination design; keyboard operations; man-computer interfaces; office work; seats and working surfaces; visual comfort; work posture; workplace design.
Occupational Health and Safety Branch, Ministry of Labour, Ontario, Canada, Aug. 1995. 10p. Illus. 3 ref.

CIS 97-1479 Otte M.
Understanding your VDU
Mieux connaître votre écran [in French]
Verstandig omgaan met beeldschermen [in Dutch]
This pamphlet describes the potential risk factors associated with working with visual display units (VDUs) (visual fatigue, muscular discomfort, radiation), and provides guidance on preventive measures: correct positioning of the screen and other equipment, design and positioning of desks and seating, lighting, work organization and relaxation exercises.
Association Nationale pour la Prevention des Accidents du Travail (ANPAT), rue Gachard 88, Boîte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1995. 20p. Illus. 6 ref.

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