Violence - 213 entries found

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2005

CIS 07-1016 Keys for ... preventing and combating violence, bullying and sexual harassment in the workplace
Clés pour ... prévenir et lutter contre la violence et le harcèlement moral ou sexuel au travail [in French]
Wegwijs in ... de preventie en bescherming tegen geweld, pesten en ongewenst seksueel gedrag op het werk. [in Dutch]
This booklet provides guidance on Belgian regulations concerning the protection of workers against violence, bullying or sexual harassment. Contents: definitions and scope of the regulations; occupational safety and health policies; roles of the occupational safety and health advisor and the trusted advisor; protection of workers, employers and third parties; penalties; help to victims. Replaces CIS 03-1119.
Cellule publications du SPF Emploi, Travail et Concertation sociale, rue Ernest Blerot 1, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium, rev. ed., Feb. 2005. 64p. Illus.
http://www.emploi.belgique.be/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=4282 [in French]
http://www.werk.belgie.be/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=4282 [in Dutch]

CIS 06-1497 Update: The SOLVE approach to addressing psychosocial problems at work
SOLVE is an interactive educational programme designed to assist in the development of policies and actions to address psychosocial issues at the workplace. Stress, alcohol and drugs, violence (both physical and psychological), HIV/AIDS and tobacco, all lead to health-related problems for the worker and lower productivity for the enterprise or organization. Taken together, they represent a major cause of accidents, fatal injuries, diseases and absenteeism at work in both industrialized and developing countries. SOLVE focuses on prevention in translating concepts into policies and policies into action at the national and enterprise levels. This document summarizes the SOLVE concept, its methodology and its implementation at the place of work. Includes a list of SOLVE training courses for managers, workers and counsellors.
Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SafeWork), International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, Feb. 2005. 9p. Illus.

CIS 06-988 Dickinson C., Bevan J.
Managing violence on the railways
This article describes the findings of a series of inspections that considered the arrangements and measures for managing and preventing work-related violence in train-operating companies (TOCs). In general, TOCs manage the risk of violence to their staff in the same way as other personal risks. Hence, the inspection considered risk assessments, reporting measures and investigation reports. A number of deficiencies were identified, the most serious of which concerned the arrangements and measures in place for contract staff employed in checking tickets or in security activities. Action was taken by HM Railway Inspectorate to ensure the TOCs and the employers of the contract staff address and resolve this issue.
Applied Ergonomics, Nov. 2005, Vol.36, No.6, p.729-738. 15 ref.

CIS 06-989 Privitera M., Weisman R., Cerulli C., Tu X., Groman A.
Violence towards mental health staff and safety in the work environment
An increasing number of violent episodes towards staff were noted at the psychiatry department of a university hospital. A multidisciplinary committee was formed to address the problem. A workplace violence survey was designed to query staff on their experiences of endangerment, threats and assaults, as well as to collect data on their age, sex, job and years in the field. Of 742 surveys distributed, 380 replies were received (response rate 51%). Forty-three percent of respondents reported being threatened and 25% assaulted. Threats and assaults increased significantly over all the time periods investigated. Work experience was a protective factor, but not a guarantee against violent events. Several practical recommendations derived from the study are proposed.
Occupational Medicine, Sep. 2005, Vol.55, No.6, p.480-486. 26 ref.

CIS 06-497 Mayhew C., McCarthy P.
Occupational violence/bullying in public service organisations
In this study, data on occupational violence and bullying were collected by means of face-to-face interviews with workers involved in juvenile detention, health care, tertiary education and public housing. Items included the number of bullying events experienced during the previous 12 months, characteristics of the alleged perpetrators, perceptions of higher-risk locations and situations, and suggested strategies for prevention. Findings are discussed and several recommendations are proposed.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Feb. 2005, Vol.21, No.1, p.33-42. 48 ref.

CIS 05-748 Measures to counter piracy, armed robbery and other acts of violence against merchant shipping
This guidance note brings to the attention of ship owners and operators the risk of acts of piracy or armed robbery at sea and outlines steps to reduce the risk of such attacks and possible responses to them. Recent trends in this type of attack are reviewed and locations and methods of attack are described along with factors encouraging or favouring attackers. Recommended practices relate to the preparation of a ship counter-piracy plan, precautions at anchor or in port, watch-keeping and vigilance, ship communications, adequate lighting, evasive manoeuvring and action to take after an attack and reporting of incidents.
The Maritime and Coastguard Agency, Spring Place, 105 Commercial Road, Southampton SO15 1EG, United Kingdom, Oct. 2005. 24p.
http://www.mcga.gov.uk/c4mca/mcga-mld-page.htm?textobjid=6B11C41CA46FF069 [in English]

CIS 04-739 Rogoyski A.
How to combat mobbing? A challenge for employers
Jak walczyć z mobbingiem? - wyzwanie dla pracodawców [in Polish]
Discussion of mobbing in the Polish context, in light of recently introduced legislation on the matter.
Monitor Prawa Pracy, Dec. 2004, No.12, p.335-337. 3 ref.

2004

CIS 08-1249 Guidelines for preventing workplace violence for health care and social service workers
Health care and social service workers are at high risk of violent assault at work. In 2000 in the United States, health service workers overall had an incidence rate of 9.3 for injuries resulting from assaults and violent acts. The rate for social service workers was 15, and for nursing workers, 25. This compares to an overall private sector injury rate of two. Aimed at employers in the health care and social services sector, these guidelines explain how to implement a violence prevention programme. Topics addressed: importance of management commitment and employee involvement; worksite analysis; hazard prevention and control; safety and health training; recordkeeping and programme evaluation.
Publications U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20210, USA, 2004. 44p. Illus. 40 ref.
http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3148.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-500 Guidelines for preventing workplace violence for health care and social service workers
For many years, health care and social service workers have faced a significant risk of job-related violence. Assaults represent a serious safety and health hazard within these sectors of activity. The OSHA's violence prevention guidelines provide recommendations for controlling workplace violence, developed following a careful review of workplace violence studies, public and private violence prevention programs and input from stakeholders. This booklet provides an overview of the OSHA guidelines and presents the key elements of a violence prevention programme (management commitment and employee involvement, worksite analysis, hazard prevention and control, safety and health training, recordkeeping and programme evaluation), together with programmes and services proposed by OSHA.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20210, USA, 2004. 44p. Illus. 40 ref.
http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3148.pdf [in English]

CIS 07-981 Hodgson M.J., Reed R., Craig T., Murphy F., Lehmann L., Belton L., Warren N.
Violence in healthcare facilities: Lessons from the Veterans Health Administration
This cross-sectional study examined assault frequency and risk factors in health care. A questionnaire survey was carried out in 142 hospitals. Thirteen percent of employees described at least one assault in the previous year, with the proportion assaulted per facility ranging from 1% to 26%. Patients were the most common assaulters. Working in geriatrics, psychiatry and rehabilitation represented a high risk for assault. Hours of work and work patterns represented major risk factors for assault, as were high measures of organizational stress. Training in dispute resolution strategies was associated with lower rates of assaults. Possible strategies to reduce violence are discussed.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 2004, Vol.46, No.11, p.1158-1165. Illus. 22 ref.

CIS 07-604 Mayhew C.
Occupational violence risk for precariously employed adolescents: Multiple vulnerabilities to multiple risk factors
This article discusses the risk of exposure to violence at work among adolescent workers in developed countries. The probability of experiencing violence is increased when workers are adolescent, precariously employed, inexperienced in the workforce and employed in service sector jobs that require significant amounts of face-to-face contact with customers, particularly if these job tasks require the exchange of money for goods and services. If adolescents are working illegally, informally in family businesses or formally in casual positions that are very precarious, occupational violence is unlikely to be reported or recorded, and hence preventive interventions are unlikely. Measures aimed at reducing the risk of occupational violence are discussed.
Policy and Practice in Health and Safety, 2004, Vol.2, No.2, p.5-24. 107 ref.

CIS 06-1055 Di Martino V., Gold D., Schaap A.
Managing emerging health-related problems at work - SOLVE: Stress, Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs, HIV/AIDS, Violence
Cómo abordar los problemas emergentes relacionados con la salud en el trabajo - SOLVE: estrés, tabaco, alcohol y drogas, VIH/SIDA, violencia [in Spanish]
Spanish translation of a training package abstracted under CIS 03-1118. SOLVE is an interactive educational programme designed to assist in the development of policy and action to address psychosocial issues at the workplace. Stress, alcohol and drugs, violence (both physical and psychological), HIV/AIDS and tobacco all lead to health-related problems for the worker and lower productivity for the enterprise or organization. Taken together, they represent a major cause of accidents, fatal injuries, disease and absenteeism at work in both industrialized and developing countries. SOLVE focuses on prevention in translating concepts into policies and policies into action at the national and enterprise levels. This training package (folder and CD-ROM) provides the foundation for a five-day interactive training course with a goal to give participants the knowledge and skills to formulate a comprehensive policy and strategies to address these issues in the workplace. (See also CIS 01-746).
Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, Subdirección General de Información, Administrativa, y Publicaciones, Agustín de Bethencourt, 11, 28003 Madrid, Spain, 2004. Loose-leaf folder. Approx 211p. Illus. Bibl. ref. + CD-ROM.

CIS 06-1053 Violence - Occupational hazards in hospitals
Violencia - Peligros ocupacionales en los hospitales [in Spanish]
Spanish translation of the document indexed under CIS 03-562. This booklet aims to increase worker and employer awareness of the risk factors for violence in hospitals and to provide strategies for reducing exposure to these factors. Topics covered: types of workplace violence; workers at risk; areas where violence may occur; effects of violence (injury, disability, psychological trauma, death); risk factors; prevention strategies for employers; dealing with the consequences of violence; safety tips for hospital workers; case reports of effective strategies.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, 2004. iii, 11p. 9 ref.
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2004-165appA-sp.html [in Spanish]
http://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2002-101sp.html [in Spanish]
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pdfs/2002-101.pdf [in English]

CIS 06-749 Geffner R., Braverman M., Galasso J., Marsh J.
Aggression in organizations: Violence, abuse, and harassment at work and in schools
Compilation of 13 articles on aggression in organizations, grouped under the following headings: overview of school and workplace violence and prevention programmes; studies on aggression, abuse and harassment in the workplace and in schools.
The Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580, USA, 2004. xxii , 246p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 05-747 Lakowo S., Soares J.J.F., Nolan P.
Violence towards psychiatric staff: A comparison of gender, job and environmental characteristics in England and Sweden
This study compares violence encountered by staff at mental institutions in Sweden and the United Kingdom. Psychiatric personnel from the United Kindgom (301 nurses and 74 psychiatrists) and Sweden (745 nurses and 306 psychiatrists) were assessed by means of a questionnaire covering working conditions and exposure to violence. Analysis showed an association between being abused and being male, of young age, British and a nurse. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that British female and male nurses were the main risk group for exposure to violence. Interventions thus need to be sensitive to gender differences, societal context, professional roles and interactions between them. Furthermore, clinical supervision and team functioning, together with organizational and environmentally friendly settings, may help reduce violence in mental institutions.
Work and Stress, Jan.-Mar. 2004, Vol.18, No.1, p.39-55. 70 ref.

CIS 05-742 Roberts S.E.
Work-related homicides among seafarers and fishermen
The objective of this study was to analyse homicide cases among seafarers and fishermen during the period 1976-2002. Data ware based on official mortality files, with an aggregate population of almost two million man-years of seafarers and fishermen at risk. Of 46 work-related homicides, 44 occurred among seafarers and two among fishermen. The homicide rate in British shipping increased from 2.7 per 100,000 man-years in 1961-65 to 4.4 per 100,000 in 1971-75, but declined to zero in 1996-2002. Work related homicides were rare among British seafarers and fishermen and were largely caused by attacks from assailants onshore. The decline in the homicide rate in British shipping since the 1970s coincided with a reduction in trade with countries at high risk for homicide. Among Asian seafarers, most homicides resulted from disputes among colleagues that mainly occurred on board ships.
International Maritime Health, 2004, Vol.55, No.1/4, p.7-18. 33 ref.

CIS 05-250 Forms of violence at work and their consequences. Columbia 2004
Formas y consecuencias de la violencia en el trabajo. Colombia 2004 [in Spanish]
This document presents the results of a survey on violence carried out during 2004 in four cities in Columbia. It analyses the various forms of violence in the workplace (physical assault, verbal aggression, threats, sexual harassment and bullying), together with their consequences in four sectors of activity: private investigation and security services, road and urban transport, financial services and health care services. It also proposes an epidemiological monitoring protocol aimed at preventing violence in occupational settings.
Ministerio de la Protección Social, Carrera 13 No. 32 -76 piso 15, Bogotá, Colombia, 2004. 64p. Illus. 50 ref.

CIS 04-487 Nelson L., Tonks G.
Contextual factors in workplace violence
Workplace aggression and violence spans a continuum that ranges from homicide to discourteous behaviour. Although incidents at the lower end of this scale attract much less popular and academic attention, all forms of violence represent a significant cost to organizations and society. Research is in its infancy, with much of the literature focusing on the classification of violence, profiles of those involved, explanations of its occurrence, and suggested remedies. Generally, theory generation has been limited to the development of process models, psychological profiling and the application of various managerially based solutions. Using data gathered from two case studies, this investigation explores the workplace contexts which contribute to violence and, using these, suggests a model of violence. The behavioural spiralling effect identified by previous researchers is confirmed, suggesting that managers should take action to stop the spiral at an early stage.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Apr. 2004, Vol.20, No.2, p.115-126. Illus. 51 ref.

CIS 04-250 Violence on the job
This DVD discusses practical measures for identifying risk factors for violence at work and taking strategic action to keep employees safe. It is based on extensive NIOSH research, supplemented with information from other authoritative sources.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2002, USA, 2004. DVD, 27min.

CIS 04-132
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Security in ports
Sûreté dans les ports [in French]
Protección en los puertos [in Spanish]
This code of practice, developed jointly by the ILO and the IMO, provides useful guidelines to help reduce the risk to ports from the threat of unlawful acts. It offers a framework for formulating and implementing security strategies and identifying potential risks to a port's security. It is intended to promote a common approach to port security among member States. The measures covered in this code apply to all areas and functions of the port, as well as to persons working in, having business with, requiring access to, or transiting through the port. Practical examples of a port security assessment and a port security plan are included.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2004. xvi, 44p. 7 ref. Price: CHF 20.00. Downloadable version (PDF format) free of charge.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/techmeet/messhp03/messhp-cp-a.pdf [in English]
http://www.ilo.org/public/french/dialogue/sector/techmeet/messhp03/messhp-cp-a.pdf [in French]
http://www.ilo.org/public/spanish/dialogue/sector/techmeet/messhp03/messhp-cp-a.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-1995 Workplace violence in services sectors and measures to combat this phenomenon
Violence au travail dans le secteur des services et moyens de combattre le phénomène [in French]
La violencia en el trabajo en el sector de servicios y medidas para combatir este fenómeno [in Spanish]
Violence at work is a threat to productivity and decent work. This ILO code of practice responds to the needs of millions of workers affected by violence in the service sector in industrialized and developing countries. It provides general guidance to develop practical responses to violence at work, to promote dialogue, consultation and negotiation among governments, employers and workers, and to draft national laws, policies and programmes of action.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2004. xv, 30p. Price: CHF 20.00; USD 14.95; GBP 8.95; EUR 15.00.

CIS 03-1981 McCall B.P., Horwitz I.B.
Workplace violence in Oregon: An analysis using workers' compensation claims from 1990-1997
This study examined 2028 workers' compensation claims for workplace violence in the US state of Oregon between 1990 and 1997, and used Current Population Survey data for risk analysis. The rate of workplace violence was 1.86 per 10,000 employees annually, with females and workers under 35 years of age experiencing the most violence. The average claim resulted in approximately 40 days of indemnity and USD 6,200 in costs. Workers on evening and night shifts had significantly higher rates of being victims of violence, as did those working on weekends. Preventive interventions should be targeted at younger workers and those with less tenure. Special measures should be focused on ensuring the safety of workers during evenings, nights and weekends.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 2004, Vol.46, No.4, p.357-366. Illus. 27 ref.

2003

CIS 09-993 Wiskow C.
Guidelines on workplace violence in the health sector
As part of the Joint Programme of the International Labour Office (ILO), the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the World Health Organization (WHO) and Public Services International (PSI) to develop sound policies and practical approaches for the prevention and elimination of violence in the health sector launched in 2000, the major known national guidelines and strategies of the following countries were compared: United Kingdom; Australia; Sweden; USA (OSHA and California). Commonalities, differences, gaps and weaknesses are discussed. The study highlights promising examples and makes a number of recommendations.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2003. 40p. 32 ref.
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/WV_ComparisonGuidelines.pdf [in English]

CIS 08-744 Di Martino V., Hoel H., Cooper C.L.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Preventing violence and harassment in the workplace
This report presents the findings of a European project on violence and harassment at the workplace. It identifies the different forms and patterns of violence and harassment at the workplace in the EU and describes the recent upsurge in activity and initiatives in this field within the legal arena, with new legislation addressing these problems recently enacted or in the pipeline in a number of countries. It also presents evidence of adverse effects of such behaviour on individuals, organizations and society, and assesses the potential financial costs. Finally, it analyses the factors that contribute to physical and psychological violence, and reviews a variety of good practices with respect to preventing and managing violence and harassment at work.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Wyattville Road, Loughingstown, Dublin 18, Ireland, 2003. viii. 100p. Illus. Approx. 220 ref.
http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/pubdocs/2002/109/en/1/ef02109en.pdf [in English]

CIS 06-748 Violence at work
La violence au travail [in French]
La violencia en el trabajo [in Spanish]
Collection of papers which explore the causes of different forms of violence, bullying and harassment in the workplace and examine initiatives for their prevention. Topics covered include: work organization and moral harassment; power relations and sexual harassment; violence in journalism, schools and the health services; economic and social costs of violence; role of trade unions; role of the ILO's SOLVE programme; preventive measures based on legislation, collective agreements and codes of conduct; and the ILO code of conduct to combat violence in the service sector.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. viii, 64p. Illus. Bibl. ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actrav/publ/133/index.htm [in English]
http://www.ilo.org/public/french/dialogue/actrav/publ/133/index.htm [in French]
http://www.ilo.org/public/spanish/dialogue/actrav/publ/133/index.htm [in Spanish]

CIS 06-500 Caborn J., Gold D.
An overview of selected references related to SOLVE
This literature survey reviews selected studies on psychosocial issues in the workplace. The five main issues considered are stress, violence, alcohol and drug use, HIV/AIDS and tobacco consumption. The impact of these issues on the workplace is outlined and their interrelationships are discussed in detail. The review supports the integrated approach adopted in the SOLVE methodology for the management of psychosocial issues in the workplace.
InFocus Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SafeWork), International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, Mar. 2003. 67 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/whpwb/solve/references.pdf [in English]

CIS 04-613 Prevention of violence to staff in the education sector
Arbejdsmiljøledelse inden for uddannelsessektoren [in Danish]
Verhütung von Gewalt gegen Beschäftigte im Bildungssektor [in German]
Prólēpsē tēs bías enantíou tou prosōpikoú pou ergázetai ston kládo tēs ekpaídeusēs [in Greek]
Prevención de la violencia contra el personal del sector de la enseñanza [in Spanish]
Personalivastase vägivalla ärahoidmine haridussektoris [in Estonian]
Preprečevanje nasilja do zaposlenih v šolstvu [in Slovenian]
Prévention de la violence exercée contre le personnel du secteur de l'enseignement [in French]
Prevenzione della violenza sul personale nel settore dell'istruzione [in Italian]
Preventie van agressie tegen school- en onderwijspersoneel [in Dutch]
Zapobieganie przemocy wobec personelu w sektorze edukacji [in Polish]
Förebyggande av våld mot personal inom utbildningssektorn [in Swedish]
Prevenção da violência contra o pessoal no sector da educação [in Portuguese]
Henkilökuntaan kohdistuvan väkivallan ehkäiseminen opetusalalla [in Finnish]
Violence in schools and other educational establishments is causing increasing concern. Results from an European Union survey in 2000 show that 4% of employees have been subjected to violence at work (from inside or outside the workplace), and, in addition, 12% of workers in educational institutions reported having been subjected to intimidation. This fact sheet provides practical guidance to employers and workers in the education sector on dealing with this issue. Bullying and harassment from work colleagues are not addressed in this fact sheet.
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, http://osha.eu.int, 2003. 2p. Illus. 16 ref.
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/sv/FACT-47_SV.PDF [in Swedish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/en/FACT-47_EN.PDF [in English]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/es/FACT-47_ES.PDF [in Spanish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/fr/FACT-47_FR.PDF [in French]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/da/FACT-47_DA.PDF [in Danish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/de/FACT-47_DE.PDF [in German]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/et/facts47_et.pdf [in Estonian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/el/FACT-47_EL.PDF [in Greek]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/it/FACT-47_IT.PDF [in Italian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/nl/FACT-47_NL.PDF [in Dutch]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/pl/Fakty_47_PL.pdf [in Polish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/pt/FACT-47_PT.PDF [in Portuguese]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/sl/FACTS47_SL.pdf [in Slovenian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/47/fi/FACT-47_FI.PDF [in Finnish]

CIS 04-241 McCarthy P., Mayhew C., Barker M., Sheehan M.
Bullying and occupational violence in tertiary education: Perpetrators and risk factors
This article provides an overview of findings from a comprehensive study of bullying and occupational violence in an Australian tertiary education institution. The study was commissioned by university human resource managers as a basis for the implementation of antibullying and violence policies and procedures, to meet quality enhancement objectives and in response to government guidelines. The data collected indicated that bullying and occupational violence may occur through student-initiated and staff-on-staff interactions, and can be fuelled by unreasonable work expectations. Recommendations are made based on identified risk factors, including the reform of management practices, enhanced prevention efforts, improved staff development and appraisal systems, and the introduction of codes of conduct for students.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Aug. 2003, Vol.19, No.4, p.319-326. 31 ref.

CIS 03-1992 Turner J.T., Gelles M.G.
Threat assessment: A risk management approach
This book examines the factors that human resource, security, legal and behavioural professionals need to understand in work violence and threat situations that disrupt the working environment (cyberthreats, fear of stalking, insider threats), revealing the best ways to reduce risk and manage emergencies. It includes case studies and hypothetical examples that illustrate recommended practices and provides detailed interviewing methods that can increase the efficiency of current strategies. Helpful appendices provide sample forms for identification cards, stay-away letters, workplace behaviour improvement plans for problem employees, questions for health care providers and announcements to employees regarding security changes.
The Haworth Press. Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, New York 13904-1580, USA, 2003. xxv, 179p. 107 ref. Index. Price: USD 24.95 (soft cover).

CIS 03-1990 Giga S.I., Hoel H., Cooper C.L.
Violence and stress at work in the postal sector
Postal service providers have traditionally operated in non-competitive, monopolistic, highly unionized environments aimed at providing a social service without any obligation for long-term financial viability. Globalization, deregulation, new technology and changing customer needs have demanded major changes not only to the products and services that these organizations provide, but also more fundamentally to the way they function. These unremitting changes over the past couple of decades have strained relationships between managers, employees and employee representatives and have given rise to job insecurity, dissatisfaction and conflict among the work force. This working paper examines the issue of violence and stress at work in the postal sector. Contents: sector-specific environment as originator of violence and stress at work; scope of violence and stress in the portal sector and their impact the sector and its workforce; causes of workplace violence and stress in the sector; information collection and reporting on violence and stress; illustrative cases of violence and stress in the sector; prevention, reduction, management and coping strategies.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. vii, 24p. 52 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/postelcm/wp200.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1989 Giga S.I., Hoel H.
Violence and stress at work in financial services
Mergers and acquisitions, globalization, technological developments and related restructuring have introduced major changes in the way work is organized and done over the last few decades. The resulting modernization has led to the development of a number of concerns for workers in financial services, such as increasing time pressures, excessive work demands, role conflict, ergonomic insufficiencies, problematic customer relations and an increase in reported cases of violence and stress. This report reviews the literature on the prevalence, causes, consequences and prevention of violence and stress from a financial sector perspective. Contents: sector-specific environment as originator of violence and stress at work; scope of violence and stress in the financial services and its impact the sector and its workforce; information collection and reporting on violence and stress; illustrative cases of violence and stress in the sector; prevention, reduction, management and coping strategies.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. 24p. 68 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/service/wp210.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1988 Di Martino V.
Relationship between work stress and workplace violence in the health sector
Based on an extensive literature analysis, this study tackles the issues of stress and violence at work in the health sector, highlighting the magnitude of the problem, the key factors and the way they interrelate. Contents: definition of stress and violence; stress as a source of workplace violence; workplace violence as a source of stress; cumulative effects of stress and violence; specific implications for the health sector (sector-specific environment as cause of stress and violence, impact on working conditions and employment, impact on costs); approaches to coping.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. viii, 33p. Illus. 50 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/health/stress-violence.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1983 Essenberg B.
Violence and stress at work in the transport sector
Violence and stress at work are a source of occupational risk in the transport sector that has attracted increasing attention over recent years. This working paper focuses mainly on public transport (railways and rural and urban transport systems), road freight transport and the taxi industry as well as civil aviation. Contents: violence and stress in the services sectors; character and causes of violence and stress at work in the transport sector; scope of violence and stress in the sector; information collection and reporting on violence and stress; prevention, reduction, management and coping strategies.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. v, 46p. Illus. 81 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/transport/wp205.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1987 Verdugo R., Vere A.
Workplace violence in sectors with implications for the education sector: Issues, solutions and resources
Schools are traditionally viewed as places for teaching and learning, not as places where violence occurs. And while the vast majority of schools are safe, the recent spate of school violence has created concern about safety in schools throughout the world. Teachers are concerned about their safety worldwide as well as about what can be done to remedy the problem. This working paper focuses comparatively on trends and experiences from other sectors, drawing lessons and suggesting ways in which the growing challenges of violence and stress may be addressed in schools and other educational sites. Contents: definition of key concepts; causes of workplace violence and stress; sector-specific environment as originator of violence and stress at work; scope of violence and stress in the sector and its impact; examination of strategies to remedy the problem.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. vi, 42p. 176 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/education/wp208.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1986 Giga S.I., Hoel H., Cooper C.L.
Violence at work in the performing arts and in journalism
This working paper aims to identify issues relating to violence and stress affecting employees working in the media and the performing arts, covering a variety of jobs including acting, dancing, musical performance, media work and front-line journalism. Contents: sector-specific environment as originator of violence and stress at work; scope of violence and stress in media and entertainment; causes of violence and stress; information collection and reporting on violence and stress in media and entertainment; examples of cases of violence and stress in these sectors.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. vii, 20p. 55 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/media/wp201.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1985 Hoel H., Einarsen S.
Violence at work in hotels, catering and tourism
Violence and stress at work are more prevalent in the service sector than in most others, because they arise from the contact between workers and the public and/or the customer. This working paper is a review of the literature on violence at work in hotels, catering and tourism. Contents: definitions; working conditions which may be conducive to violence and stress at work; vulnerable groups of workers; occurrence of violence and stress; economic impact of violence and stress; causes of stress; causes of sexual harassment; causes of violence and bullying (including the role of alcohol and drugs); under-reporting of violence; prevention, reduction, management and coping strategies.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. iii, 35p. 106 ref.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/papers/tourism/wp211.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1996 Code of practice on workplace violence in services sectors and measures to combat this phenomenon
Recueil de directives pratiques sur la violence au travail dans le secteur des services et mesures visant à combattre ce phénomène [in French]
Repertorio de recomendaciones prácticas sobre la violencia en el lugar de trabajo en el sector de los servicios y medidas para combatirla [in Spanish]
The present code of practice on workplace violence in the service sector and on measures to combat this phenomenon was drawn up by a Meeting of Experts held in Geneva from 8 to 15 October 2003. The Meeting was composed of 12 experts nominated by governments, 12 experts nominated by employers and 12 experts nominated by workers. This code is not a legally binding instrument and is not intended to replace national laws and regulations. The practical recommendations of this publication have been designed to provide guidance to ILO constituents and all those responsible for addressing workplace violence in the service sector. It is based on an analysis of the extent, nature and causes of workplace violence in public and private services. It identifies the roles and responsibilities of governments, employers and workers. The code promotes a proactive approach to prevention, based on occupational safety and health management systems.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. x, 20p.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/sector/techmeet/mevsws03/mevsws-cp.pdf [in English]
http://www.ilo.org/public/french/dialogue/sector/techmeet/mevsws03/mevsws-cp.pdf [in French]
http://www.ilo.org/public/spanish/dialogue/sector/techmeet/mevsws03/mevsws-cp.pdf [in Spanish]

CIS 03-1476 Mayhew C., Grewal D.
Occupational violence/bullying in the maritime industry: A pilot study
In this study on violence and bullying among seafarers, data were gathered from 108 seafarers of various nationalities by means of questionnaires and structured interviews. The international seafaring labour force was found to exhibit all the characteristics of the precarious labour force: weak labour market position, long hours of work, comparatively poor pay and frequency of violence and bullying. Such findings were not unexpected, given recent comprehensive studies of precarious labour in other industry sectors. However, the major differentiating factor was that seafaring crews are often multicultural, and this sometimes exacerbated tensions, leading to interracial violence, for example. Because most seafarers usually work far from their home social support networks, their vulnerability to a range of exploitative mechanisms is heightened. The implementation of the in-progress ILO code of practice on violence and stress at work in the service sector, based on the report entitled "Violence at work" (see CIS 00-599), may be a key step in reducing the risks of violence and bullying among seafarers.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 2003, Vol.19, No.5, p.457-463. 23 ref.

CIS 03-1478 Mayhew C., Chappell D.
"Internal" occupational violence (or bullying) in the health care industry
This article focuses on "internal" occupational violence (or bullying) in the health care industry. Analysis of the findings of a range of international research studies indicate at least 8% of health care workers experience bullying of one sort or another from their colleagues each year. A further proportion are the recipients of more overt violence from colleagues. The article argues that these internal violent events are manifest on an escalating continuum of abuse, imposition of unreasonable work practices, threats and physical violence. Thus, the incidents differ in severity. Victims subjected to repeated humiliations and threats suffer diminished well-being and reduced productivity. It is concluded that holistic organization-wide prevention strategies are required for effectively reducing the risks of bullying in health care settings.
Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Feb. 2003, Vol.19, No.1, p.59-71. 125 ref.

CIS 03-1500 Everaert K., Van Heuverswyn K.
Violence, bullying and sexual harassment at work
Violence et harcèlement moral ou sexuel au travail [in French]
This guide presents the scope of application of the Law of 11 June 2002 on the protection of workers against violence, bullying or sexual harassment which came into force in Belgium on 1 July 2002. It outlines the responsibilities as specified by the law, the role of the occupational safety and health advisor and of the trusted advisor with respect to bullying, the protection of workers and penalties. It also proposes a practical step-by-step approach for implementing a policy for the prevention of bullying. Appendices include examples of an information notice aimed at workers, an enterprise policy statement and a form for notifying undesirable behaviour at the workplace.
PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2003. 23p. Price: EUR 12.95.

CIS 03-1497 Rogers K.A., Chappell D.
Preventing and responding to violence at work
Workplace violence is one of today's most serious occupational hazards. This practical guide offers information on how to systematically design and implement workplace prevention programmes and policies. It presents concrete guidance for combating violence in the workplace while also providing a wider understanding of the factors and conditions which contribute to it. It describes the risk-management process, reviews an array of existing guidelines and policies, offers a number of key strategies for reducing risk in the workplace and discusses how to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a critical incident of violence. Useful checklists and reporting sample forms are included.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. xi, 139p. Illus. 71 ref. Index. Price: CHF 25.00.
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/socsec/download/esspaper16.pdf [in English]

CIS 03-1118 Di Martino V., Gold D., Schaap A.
Managing emerging health-related problems at work - SOLVE: Stress, Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs, HIV/AIDS, Violence
Gérer les problèmes émergents liés à la santé dans le monde du travail - SOLVE : Stress, violence, alcool et drogue, VIH/sida, tabagisme [in French]
SOLVE is an interactive educational programme designed to assist in the development of policy and action to address psychosocial issues at the workplace. Stress, alcohol and drugs, violence (both physical and psychological), HIV/AIDS and tobacco all lead to health-related problems for the worker and lower productivity for the enterprise or organization. Taken together, they represent a major cause of accidents, fatal injuries, disease and absenteeism at work in both industrialized and developing countries. SOLVE focuses on prevention in translating concepts into policies and policies into action at the national and enterprise levels. This training package (folder and CD-ROM) provides the foundation for a five-day interactive training course with a goal to give participants the knowledge and skills to formulate a comprehensive policy and strategies to address these issues in the workplace. (See also CIS 01-746).
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2003. Loose-leaf folder. Approx.120p. Illus. Bibl.ref. + CD-ROM.

CIS 03-998 Marchand A., Boyer R., Iucci S., Martin A., St.-Hilaire M.H., Guay S.
Prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder among employees of a convenience-store chain having experienced armed robberies
La prévention du trouble de stress post-traumatique chez les employés de dépanneurs victimes de vols à main armée [in French]
This report consists of a literature review on post-traumatic stress disorder among victims of assaults, as well as a survey carried out among employees of a convenience-store chain having experienced armed robberies. The purpose of the study was to establish whether victims who had benefited from short psychological interventions ("debriefings") were at reduced risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms compared to those who had not received this counselling. Result suggest some lowering of risk, but are insufficiently conclusive. Further work is under way, particularly on the importance of debriefings, with results expected soon.
Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H3A 3C2, Canada, May. 2003. vii, 73p. Illus. 127 ref.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/htmfr/pdf_txt/R-330.pdf [in French]

2002

CIS 09-992 Cooper C.L., Swanson N.
Workplace violence in the health sector - State of the art
Key findings of the review on workplace violence in the health sector: violence has become an issue of increasing concern in the workplace over the past 15 years, particularly in Europe, Australia and North America. In the United States, 85% of all non-fatal assaults occur in the retail and service sectors. Within the service sector, health care workers face a 16-fold higher risk of violence than workers of other services sectors. A recent United Kingdom study indicates that abusive actions from fellow workers such as harassment and bullying may also be pervasive in health care.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2002. ix, 76p. Illus. Bibl.ref.
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/activities/workplace/WVstateart.pdf [in English]

CIS 09-991 di Martino V.
Workplace violence in the health sector - Country case studies
As part of the Joint Programme of the International Labour Office (ILO), the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the World Health Organization (WHO) and Public Services International (PSI) to develop sound policies and practical approaches for the prevention and elimination of violence in the health sector launched in 2000, a number of country studies were realized to fill major information gaps and provide evidence for the drafting of guidelines to address workplace violence in the health sector (see CIS 09-000; ISN7). This report contains summaries of the following country studies: Australia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Lebanon, Portugal, South Africa and Thailand.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2002. xi, 42p. Illus. 12 ref.
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/activities/workplace/WVsynthesisreport.pdf [in English]

CIS 09-1000 Framework guidelines for addressing workplace violence in the health sector
Directives générales sur la violence au travail dans le secteur de la santé [in French]
La violencia laboral en el sector de la salud [in Spanish]
The International Labour Office (ILO), the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the World Health Organization (WHO) and Public Services International (PSI) launched in 2000 a Joint Programme to develop sound policies and practical approaches for the prevention and elimination of violence in the health sector. These guidelines are intended to support all those responsible for safety in the workplace, be it governments, employers, workers, trade unions, professional bodies or members of the public. They were based on a number of country studies as well as cross-cutting theme studies carried out to fill major information gaps. They offer guidance through the complexity of issues to be considered when developing anti-violence policies and strategies for all work-settings in the health sector, and can be adapted to meet local and national needs and constraints.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2002. 31p. 17 ref.
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/WVguidelinesEN.pdf [in English]
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/russiandoc.pdf [in Russian]
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/WVguidelinesSP.pdf [in Spanish]
http://www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/workplace_violence.fr.pdf [in French]

CIS 05-749
Health and Safety Executive
Work-related violence - Case studies - Managing the risk in smaller businesses
Work-related violence has serious consequences for employees and the businesses they work for. Victims may suffer not only physical injury, but also psychological effects, such as anxiety and stress. For their employers this can represent a real financial cost. This guide presents 10 case studies showing how owners and managers of small businesses can successfully manage the risk of violence. The case studies are grouped according to four business sectors: retail, health and welfare, security and enforcement, leisure and service providers.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, June 2002. iv, 36p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: GBP 9.50.

CIS 05-246 Saarela K.L., Gold D., Miretsky G., Nikanov A., Bykov V., Nikanova A., Talykova L., Menckel E., Eliasson M., Geijer P., Viitsara E., Isotalus N.
Violence at work
Collection of articles on violence at work in the Nordic countries and Russia. Topics covered: the ILO SOLVE programme for managing psychosocial issues at work; Russian view of the problem of violence at work; Swedish research in the field of violence at work; verbal abuse and violence in the school environment; survey of violence in the health care sector in Sweden; pilot study of threats and violence at all-night retail stores in Stockholm; prevention of physical violence at work.
Barents - Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, 2002, Vol.5, No.1, p.3-31 (whole issue). Illus. 34 ref.
http://www.ttl.fi/NR/rdonlyres/218DC65A-A8F3-4273-861D-F926C5AA717B/0/barents02_1.pdf [in English]

CIS 04-497 Violence at work
Vold på arbejdspladsen [in Danish]
Våld på arbetsplatsen [in Swedish]
Bía stēn ergasía [in Greek]
La violencia en el trabajo [in Spanish]
Töövägivald [in Estonian]
Työpaikalla tapahtuva häirintä ja väkivalta [in Finnish]
La violence au travail [in French]
La violenza sul lavoro [in Italian]
Smurtas darbe [in Lithuanian]
Geweld (agressie) op de werkplek [in Dutch]
Violência no trabalho [in Portuguese]
Násilie na pracovisku [in Slovak]
Nasilje na delovnem mestu [in Slovenian]
Gewalt bei der Arbeit [in German]
Violence at work is a significant cause of work-related stress (WRS, CIS 04-495). Prevention of violence at work is one of the objectives of the European Commission in its new strategy on safety and health at work. This fact sheet gives information and suggestions for persons seeking to take practical action to tackle violence at work. Topics covered: definition of violence; persons affected; risk factors; consequences; EU legislation; prevention of violence at the workplace.
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, http://osha.eu.int, 2002. 2p. Illus. 5 ref.
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/sv/FACTSHEETSN24-SV_.PDF [in Swedish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/en/FACTSHEETSN24_EN.PDF [in English]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/es/FACTSHEETSN24-ES_.PDF [in Spanish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/fr/FACTSHEETSN24-FR_.PDF [in French]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/da/FACTSHEETSN24-DA.pdf [in Danish]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/de/FACTSHEETSN24-DE.pdf [in German]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/et/facts24_et.pdf [in Estonian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/el/FACTSHEETSN24-GR.PDF [in Greek]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/it/FACTSHEETSN24-IT_.PDF [in Italian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/lt/faktai24.pdf [in Lithuanian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/nl/FACTSHEETSN24-NL_.PDF [in Dutch]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/pt/FACTSHEETSN24-PT_.PDF [in Portuguese]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/sk/Fact24_SK.pdf [in Slovak]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/sl/FACTS24_SL.pdf [in Slovenian]
http://agency.osha.eu.int/publications/factsheets/24/fi/FACTSHEETSN24-FI_.PDF [in Finnish]

CIS 03-1499 Poucet V., Ponnet V.
Protection against violence, bullying and sexual harassment in the workplace
La protection contre la violence et le harcèlement moral ou sexuel au travail [in French]
De bescherming tegen geweld, pesterijen en ongewenst seksueel gedrag op het werk [in Dutch]
This document consists of a comment on the Law of 11 June 2002 on the protection of workers against violence, bullying or sexual harassment which came into force in Belgium on 1 July 2002. Contents: definitions; scope; prevention of violence, bullying and sexual harassment; general principles, protection of workers; protection of employers; protection of third parties; interim measures; other legislation on sexual harassment in the workplace.
Federaal Ministerie van Tewerkstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, Sep. 2002. 68p. Illus. 10 ref.
http://www.meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/frdd36.pdf [in French]
http://www.meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/nldd33.pdf [in Dutch]

CIS 03-1119 Key for preventing and combating violence, bullying and sexual harassment in the workplace
Clés pour prévenir et lutter contre la violence et le harcèlement moral ou sexuel au travail [in French]
Wegwijs in ... de preventie en bescherming tegen geweld, pesten en ongewenst seksueel gedrag op het werk [in Dutch]
New regulations concerning the protection of workers against violence, bullying or sexual harassment came into force in Belgium on 1 July 2002. Aimed in particular at persons within the enterprise responsible for applying the regulations, the objective of this booklet is to help better understand the scope of the regulations. Contents: definitions and scope of the regulations; occupational safety and health policies; role of the occupational safety and health advisor; role of the trusted advisor; workers' protection; protection of employers and third parties; penalties; help to victims.
Federaal Ministerie van Tewerkstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, Oct. 2002. 56p. Illus.
http://meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/frdd38.pdf [in French]
http://meta.fgov.be/pdf/pd/nldd35.pdf [in Dutch]

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