Air pollution - 353 entries found

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1999

CIS 00-1127 Menzies D., Pasztor J., Rand T., Bourbeau J.
Germicidal ultraviolet irradiation in air conditioning systems: Effect on office worker health and well-being - A pilot study
The objectives of this study were to test whether installation and operation of gernimicidal ultraviolet (GUV) lights in central ventilation systems would be feasible, without adverse effects, undetected by building occupants, and effective in eliminating microbial contamination. 104 workers participated; their environmental satisfaction ratings were not different whether GUV lights were on or off. Headache, difficulty concentrating and eye irritation occurred less often with GUV lights on whereas skin rash or irritation was more common. Overall, the average number of work-related symptoms reported was 1.1 with GUV lights off compared with 0.9 with GUV lights on. Installation and operation of GUV lights in central heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems of office buildings is feasible, cannot be detected by workers, and does not seem to result in any adverse effects.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1999, Vol.56, No.6, p.397-402. 34 ref.

CIS 99-2006 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (49th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue includes an updated overview of the analytical methods of the German Research Association (DFG) and the German Association of Engineers (VDI) as well as updates of the Technical Rules (TRGS) 200 (Classification and labelling of substances, preparations and products), 400 (Determination and evaluation of risks due to hazardous substances in the workplace: requirements) 440 (Determination and evaluation of risks due to hazardous substances in the workplace: procedures), 520 (Establishment and operation of collection points and associated temporary storage areas for small quantities of hazardous waste), 554 (Diesel motor emissions), 900 (Exposure limits) and 905 (List of substances that are carcinogenic, genotoxic or pose reproductive hazards). The Federal Notification of 1 Feb 1999 on occupational health and safety management systems and the Biosafety Ordinance (Biostoffverordnung) of 27 Jan. 1999 are reproduced.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 49. Ergänzungslieferung, May 1999. 240p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-2005 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (48th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue includes: a new discussion of the concept of "breathing zone"; the text of a World Health Organization publication on airborne fibre number concentrations and their determination; updates to the Chemicals Prohibition Ordinance (Chemikalien-Verbotsverordnung), Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Gefahrstoffverordnung), the Federal Exposure Control Law (Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz) and the unified federal guideline on emission monitoring; the texts of European Directive 98/24/EC on the protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks related to chemical agents at work and of the US detector tube standard (ANSI/ISEA 102-1990); an overview of European standard DIN EN 838 on performance requirements for diffusion samplers. Topics: approval; atmospheric pollution; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; determination in air; directive; European Communities; fibre counts; Germany; law; legislation; manuals; neighbourhood protection.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 48. Ergänzungslieferung, Feb. 1999. 252p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

1998

CIS 03-1322 Building air quality - Action plan
Designed to be used in conjunction with the publication entitled "Building air quality - A guide for building owners and facility managers" (see CIS 92-423), this manual enables building owners and facility managers to develop an action plan for improving indoor air quality (IAQ). The eight-step process involves: designating an IAQ manager; developing the IAQ profile of the building; addressing existing and potential IAQ problems; educating building staff about IAQ; developing a plan for facility operations and maintenance; managing processes with potentially-significant pollution sources; communicating with occupants on the importance of their role in maintaining good IAQ; establishing procedures for responding to IAQ complaints. A check-list for assisting building management in verifying the implementation of the action plan is included.
Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-2002, USA, June 1998. 31p.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/98-123a.html [in English]

CIS 02-861 Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for the analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: characteristics of NIOSH analytical methods for various chemicals; list of toxic substances; list of organizations qualified for conducting measurements related to the toxic substances ordinance; threshold limit values at the workplace; permissible levels of biological indicators of workplace exposure; list of carcinogens, mutagens and substances that are toxic to reproductive health; list of German technical rules for dangerous substances (TRGS).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 46. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1998. 230p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 02-338 Analysis of hazardous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update of the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: OSHA method for analysing organic chemicals; monitoring the implementation of regulations applicable to LPG; products which cause sensitization; principles for evaluating the human and environmental hazards of the products: threshold limit values of chemical, physical and biological agents; air quality; control of major hazards.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 44. Ergänzungslieferung, Mar. 1998. 215p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 01-1484 Prinz F., Forster E., Dahmann D.
Determination of mine air pollution due to particulate diesel emissions in underground coal mining
Ermittlung der Belastung der Grubenwetter durch Dieselmotoremissionen in Steinkohlenbergwerken [in German]
Theoretically possible exposures of workers to particulate diesel emissions in two German underground coal mines were determined by calculation. It appears that the limit of 0.6mg/m³, acceptable for underground coal mining workplaces at the time of the investigation, can be complied with. This calculation method could be applied when planning new mining sites in order to improve prevention and limit workers' exposure.
Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung der Luft, Nov.-Dec. 1998, Vol.58, No.11-12, p.447-450. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 01-1234 Scheer F.A.
Dissemination of microorganisms under laminar and turbulent air flow
Ausbreitung von Microorganismen in laminarer und turbulenter Strömung [in German]
Topics: aerosols; air movement; airflow measurement; bacteriology; germ transport; microorganisms; number concentration determination; particle deposition.
HLH - Heizung Lüftung/Klima Haustechnik, Apr. 1998, Vol.49, No.4, p.58-61. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 01-132 Kee-Chiang C.
Airborne contaminant exposure control in a partitioned work environment by exhaust ventilation systems
The evaluation of contaminant removal effectiveness can play a key role in a working environment quality investigation and in remediation efforts. In this study a computer simulation technique was developed for assessing the efficiency of contaminant removal within a partitioned working environment. To determine the effect of the physical parameters of each partitioned space on contaminant removal effectiveness, a relative contaminant concentration unit was used to show the simulation results. In addition, tracer gas techniques were adopted to validate the accuracy of the prediction model. A comparison of measured CO₂ concentrations in a controlled environment chamber with the results of a simulation model is presented. This study investigated the partition configuration of work environment and environment parameters including openings operation, constant concentration and exhaust air volume mode. Results indicated that variations of these three parameters can produce great differences in overall ventilation performance. Through this type of study, the interaction of airflow and contaminant concentration between partitioned spaces can be understood in advance and adequate knowledge can be provided to maintain a high-quality and healthy environment for workers.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1998, Vol.59, No.5, p.346-352. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 01-140 Larané A.
Scientists examine diesel in industry
Les scientifiques auscultent le diesel dans l'industrie [in French]
Topics: atmospheric pollution; automobiles; chemical analysis; civil engineering; determination in air; determination of pH value; diesel engines; earthmoving equipment; fork-lift trucks; lung cancer; organic dust; outdoor communication ways; respirable dust; trucks; tunnelling.
Travail et sécurité, Dec. 1998, No.579, p.16-22. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 01-136 Laforest L., Annino M.C., Alluard A., Van den Wiele F., Precausta D., Albouy J.
Secondary lead contamination - Epidemiological study of children of occupationally-exposed employees
Contamination secondaire au plomb - Etude épidémiologique sur des enfants de salariés professionnellement exposés [in French]
Topics: atmospheric pollution; battery and dry cell manufacture; lead; children; determination in blood; dosimetry; epidemiologic study; industrial physicians; lead industry; long-term exposure; medical supervision; parental exposure; permissible levels; statistical evaluation; threshold limit values.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3th Quarter 1998, No.75, p.251-257. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 00-201 Cuscó Vidal J.M., Turmo Sierra E.
Dispersion models for gases and/or vapours in the atmosphere: Instantaneous point sources
Modelos de dispersión de gases y/o vapores en la atmósfera: fuentes puntuales instantáneas [in Spanish]
For information note on dispersion models for gases and vapours in the atmosphere from continuous point sources, see CIS 98-863. Topics: atmospheric pollution; data sheet; gases; mathematical models; outbursts of gas; Spain; toxic gases; vapour clouds.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 4p. Illus. 4 ref.

CIS 99-2004 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (47th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue includes a fully revised list of hazardous substances (all substances published in the official German exposure limit lists plus certain other substances that are important in the workplace but lack exposure limits), with methods of determination. The same information plus physical property data is presented on the accompanying CD-ROM. Updated versions of Technical Rules (TRGS) 420 (Process- and substance-specific criteria for reliable long-term maintenance of exposure limits), 512 (Fumigation), 522 (Disinfection of spaces with formaldehyde), 900 (Workplace exposure limits) and 905 (List of substances that are carcinogenic, genotoxic or show reproductive toxicity) are also included in this update. Topics: atmospheric pollution; carcinogens; formaldehyde; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; determination in air; directive; Germany; law; legislation; list of chemical substances; manuals; mutagens; neighbourhood protection.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 47. Ergänzungslieferung, Dec. 1998. 252p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-2003 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (45th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue continues an overview of the analytical techniques of the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration begun in update 43, lists European machine safety standards and all Technical Rules for work with hazardous substances (TRGS), summarizes Guideline 4300 of the German Association of Engineers (VDI) on measuring strategies for formaldehyde in interior air, and gives the texts of TRGS 400 (Determination and evaluation of risks due to hazardous substances in the workplace), 402 (Determination and evaluation of concentrations of hazardous substances in workplace air), 500 (Protective measures/Minimum standards), 555 (Enterprise instructions and training according to Sect. 20 of the Hazardous Substances Ordinance) and 901 (Bases and explanations of limit values for workplace air). European standard DIN EN 1076 for continuous sampling tubes is also included. Topics: atmospheric pollution; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; data sheet; determination in air; directive; European Communities; Germany; law; legislation; machinery guarding regulations; manuals; neighbourhood protection; organic compounds; standard; threshold limit values; USA.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 45. Ergänzungslieferung, May 1998. 208p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-1632
Health and Safety Executive
Consideration of the feasibility of developing a simple methodology to assess dispersion in low/zero windspeeds
Topics: air movement; atmospheric pollution; dangerous substances; flammable gases; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; mathematical models; neighbourhood protection; toxic gases; wind.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. vi, 129p. Illus. 47 ref. Price: GBP 37.50.

CIS 99-1224 Thiel S., Schreiber F., Fitzner K.
Adaptation of human perception of odours caused by indoor sources of air pollutants
Adaptation der Geruchsempfindung des Menschen an Luftverunreinigungsquellen in Innenräumen [in German]
Topics: buildings; determination in air; loss of smell; microclimate; odour pollution; odour threshold; olfactometry; smoking.
HLH - Heizung Lüftung/Klima Haustechnik, Jan. 1998, Vol.49, No.1, p.40-43. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 99-302 Buchanan C.R., Dunn-Rankin D.
Transport of surgically produced aerosols in an operating room
Topics: aerosols; computer aided design; computer simulation; germ transport; operating theatres; USA; ventilation design; ventilation systems.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1998, Vol.59, No.6, p.393-402. Illus. 21 ref.

CIS 99-211 Shakour A.A., El Taieb N.M., Mohamed S.K., Zakey A.S.
Investigation of air quality in the industrial area North Cairo
Topics: atmospheric pollution; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; sulfur dioxide; ammonia; determination in air; Egypt; gaseous effluents; weather.
Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1998, Vol.4, No.2, p.192-204. Illus. 22 ref.

1997

CIS 99-2002 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (43rd) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue presents an overview of the analytical techniques of the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration, describes new analytical systems from the Dräger Corporation as well as their full line of indicator tubes, gives updated versions of the Chemical Safety Law (Chemikaliengesetz), Occupational Safety and Health Law (Arbeitsschutzgesetz) and Technical Rules (TRGS) 900, 903 and 905 on exposure limits, and introduces a consensus document on good laboratory practice and data processing. Topics: atmospheric pollution; chemical safety; compendium; compressed air; dangerous substances; data sheet; determination in air; directive; Germany; laboratory work; law; legislation; manuals; microelectronics; neighbourhood protection; storage tanks; threshold limit values; USA.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 43. Ergänzungslieferung, Nov. 1997. 210p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-2001 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (42nd) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue continues the overview of the analytical methods of the German Association of Engineers (VDI) begun in the preceding one, and presents an updated texts of the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Gefahrstoffverordnung) and Technical Rules (TRGS) 402 (Determination and evaluation of concentrations of hazardous substances in workplace air), 522 (Disinfection of spaces with formaldehyde), 900, 901 and 905 (Exposure limits). The German version of European Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control is also included. Topics: atmospheric pollution; bitumen; carcinogens; formaldehyde; o-chlorotoluene; o-phenylenediamine; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; data sheet; determination in air; directive; European Communities; expectant mothers; Germany; law; legislation; manuals; mutagens; neighbourhood protection; nursing mothers; threshold limit values; women, children, young persons.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 42. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1997. 244p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-2000 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (41st) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue includes: an updated list of standards, technical reports and draft standards under the responsibility of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee 146 on Air Quality; an updated summary of selected guidelines and analytical methods of the German Engineers' Association (VDI); the latest version of the Federal Exposure Protection Law (Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz) with updates of derived ordinances; the Third General Administrative Rule for the Major Hazard Ordinance (Störfall-Verordnung). Topics: approval; atmospheric pollution; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; data sheet; determination in air; directive; exhaust gases; Germany; ISO; law; legislation; major hazards; manuals; neighbourhood protection; threshold limit values.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 41. Ergänzungslieferung, May 1997. 268p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-1999 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (40th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue presents various exposure limits and toxicity values drawn from Report SFK-GS-07 of the Major Accident Hazard Control Commission (Störfallkommission). It also includes updates to the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Gefahrstoffverordnung; CIS 94-771) and related Technical Rules: TRGS 101 (Definitions) 102 (Technical Exposure Limits, TRK) 420 (Process- and substance-specific criteria for the reliable long-term maintenance of limit concentrations in air), 440 (Determination and evaluation of risks due to hazardous substances in the workplace; Procedure), 507 (Surface treatment in rooms and vessels), 512 (Fumigation), 513 (Fumigation with ethylene oxide and formaldehyde in sterilization and disinfection installations) and 521 (Fibrous dusts). Topics: airborne dust; atmospheric pollution; carcinogens; formaldehyde; ethylene oxide; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; determination in air; directive; disinfection of equipment; Germany; law; legislation; man-made fibres; manuals; mineral fibres; mutagens; threshold limit values.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 40. Ergänzungslieferung, Feb. 1997. 216p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 98-242
Health and Safety Executive
The implications of dispersion in low wind speed conditions for quantified risk assessment
Dispersion of hazardous substances in low wind speed conditions and implications for quantified risk assessment (United Kingdom), 1997. Topics: atmospheric pollution; dangerous substances; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; literature survey; mathematical models; neighbourhood protection; report; United Kingdom; wind.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. v, 174p. Illus. 115 ref. Price: GBP 49.50.

CIS 97-1877 Bernhard J.D., et al.
Sick-building syndrome
These three brief communications are in response to a previous article on the causes, symptoms and management of sick-building syndrome (see CIS 97-1178). Factors highlighted include the contribution of extremely dry air to the dessication of skin and mucous membranes, and the role of mycotoxins. A new entity known as slab syndrome, associated with newly-built houses in India, is also described. There is a further reply by the original authors.
Lancet, 28 June 1997, Vol.349, No.9069, p.1913. 8 ref.

CIS 97-2095 Arnetz B.B., Berg M., Arnetz J.
Mental strain and physical symptoms among employees in modern offices
A questionnaire assessed both physical and psychosocial work environments and personal health in 133 Swedish office employees. Environmental factors most often associated with poor work environments were considered. The major indoor air pollutants were emission products from traffic and 1,1,1-trichloroethane from correction fluid. The results point to the importance of looking at both the psychosocial and physical environments when health complaints arise in modern offices.
Archives of Environmental Health, Jan.-Feb. 1997, Vol.52, No.1, p.63-67. 19 ref.

CIS 97-1549 Construction
These seven chapters in a major new survey of OSH examine health and safety issues in the construction industry: brief overview of health and safety requirements in construction work; typical hazards; hazardous materials; asbestos; water based paints; material selection; indoor air quality and costs.
In: The Workplace (by Brune D. et al., eds), Scandinavian Science Publisher as, Bakkehaugveien 16, 0873 Oslo, Norway, 1997, Vol.2, p.649-711. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-1201 CONCAWE Review 6:1
Topics covered in this review of CONCAWE's activities relate mainly to environmental standards and the approach to be used when defining them. Contents: the European Union's (EU) acidification strategy; EU air quality limit values; sources of airborne particulate matter; European study on the health effects of air pollution; engine technology and automotive exhaust emissions; gasoline volatility specifications; disposal of used engine oils.
CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, Vol.6, No.1, Apr. 1997. 25p. Illus.

CIS 97-1178 Redlich C.A., Sparer J., Cullen M.R.
Sick-building syndrome
The causes, symptoms and management of sick-building syndrome (SBS) are reviewed. The syndrome is associated with low-level exposure to chemical, physical and biological hazards in non-industrial indoor environments. It is characterized by non-specific symptoms including mucous-membrane irritation, neurotoxic effects, respiratory symptoms, skin symptoms, and chemosensory changes. While no single environmental factor or group of factors has been established as the single cause of SBS, two important features are air contaminants and ventilation. Assessment of building-related complaints involves occupational and environmental history and an evaluation of indoor air quality in the building.
Lancet, 5 Apr. 1997, Vol.349, No.9057, p.1013-1016. Illus. 24 ref.

1996

CIS 06-156 Jaitli H., Kumar A.
Dusty dawn - Dust at workplace and workers' nightmares
Dust-related respiratory disorders are among the major causes of disability and death among Indian workers. This document presents a collection of articles on dust-related health problems in India. Topics covered: occupational safety, health and workers' awareness; environmental pollution; dust and occupational diseases in India; toxicants in the environment; lung function in rubber factories; epidemiology of air pollution; steel manufacturing industry; spinning and dyeing industry; sponge iron manufacturing industry; iron ore mining in Goa; cement manufacturing industry; bronchial contamination with toxic metals in mineral-based industries; lung function status of workers exposed to coke dust.
ISociety for Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 42 Tuglakabad Institutional Area, New Dehli-110 062, India, 1996. v, 130p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 02-864 Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: overhaul of the list of analytical methods for dangerous substances; new TRK and MAK values; list of carcinogens, mutagens and substances toxic for reproductive health as defined by the Ministry of Labour.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 36. Ergänzungslieferung, Mar. 1996. 238p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-1997 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update (38th) to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases, abstracted under CIS 90-955. This issue includes a revised description of the official analytical methods for airborne carcinogens of the Industrial Mutual Accident Insurance Associations Berufsgenossenschaften (directive ZH 1/120; CIS 95-268), a revision of the analytical methods of the German Research Association (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), the latest version of the Chemicals Prohibition Ordinance (Chemikalien-Verbotsverordnung; included in CIS 95-812) and new paragraphs of the Hazardous Substances Ordinance (Gefahrstoffverordnung; CIS 94-771). Topics: aromatic nitro compounds; atmospheric pollution; chemical safety; compendium; dangerous substances; data sheet; determination in air; directive; exhaust gases; Germany; law; legislation; manuals; neighbourhood protection; prohibition of use; standard; threshold limit values.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 38. Ergänzungslieferung, Sep. 1996. 254p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-958 Wilhardt P., Breum N.O., Hansen Å.M., Knudsen L.E.
Exposure to air pollution in the transport sector
Eksponering for luftforurening i transportsektoren [in Danish]
Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; atmospheric pollution; nitrogen dioxide; determination in air; determination in urine; drivers; exposure evaluation; mathematical models; postal services; respirable dust; road transport.
Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1996. 76p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 97-1585 Priante E., et al.
Exposure of traffic police to urban air pollutants
Esposizione agli inquinanti dell'aria urbana dei vigili municipali [in Italian]
Exposure to dusts and benzene was investigated in 65 non-smoking traffic policemen in the city of Padua (Italy). The mean personal exposure of the policemen to total dust was 0.44mg/m³. The atmospheric concentration of 1-nitropyrene (the principal component of diesel engine emissions) was 0.28ng/m³. The mean concentration of benzene in the breathing zone was 41µg/m³, a level similar to what the city population at large is exposed to. The mean values of urinary benzene before and after the work shift were similar. Levels of exposure of the traffic policemen to dust and 1-nitropyrene was comparable to other occupational groups with this type of risk. Traffic police exposure to benzene is much lower than that of certain other occupational categories, e.g. those engaged in the distribution of hydrocarbon fuels.
Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1996, Vol.87, No.4, p.314-322. 30 ref.

CIS 97-665 Workshop "Microorganisms"
Mikroorganismen [in German]
At this workshop organized by the BIA and the Swedish Arbetslivinstitutet in March 1995 in Germany, 10 papers were presented by experts from 8 countries of the European Union. Subjects covered: sampling and analytical methods for determining the numbers of colony forming units of microorganisms in the air on workplaces; types of microorganisms found on various workplaces such as greenhouses, pig houses, offices and waste sorting; numbers of colony forming units of microorganisms found on these workplaces. Summaries in German, English, French and Spanish.
Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, 1996. 123p.

CIS 97-242 Ash M., Ash I.
The index of antimicrobials: An international guide to 1600 products by trade name, chemical, application and manufacturer
This reference work contains information (chemical name, CAS number, uses, use levels, toxicology, environmental effects, precautions, storage) on more than 1,600 trade name and generic chemicals that are used to impart protection against contamination and deterioration to materials from moulds, mildew, bacteria and fungi. Trade name products are cross-referenced by chemical composition, application, CAS and EINECS numbers. Generic chemicals that either function as antimicrobial agents or are part of the trade name product's composition are also included along with their manufacturers and distributors. There is an alphabetical listing of the major application areas in which these products are used: plastics, paints, foodstuffs, cosmetics, industrial cleaning, water treatment, pulp paper, etc. A directory containing detailed information for the manufacturers of the trade name products and generic chemicals is also included.
Gower Publishing Ltd., Gower House, Croft Road Aldershot, Hampshire, GU11 3HR, United Kingdom, 1996. xvii, 468p. Price: GBP 95.00.

CIS 97-291 Parat S., Fricker-Hidalgo H., Perdrix A., Bemer D., Pelissier N., Grillot R.
Airborne fungal contamination in air-conditioning systems: Effect of filtering and humidifying devices
Air samples collected above and below filters and humidifiers in air-conditioning systems were analyzed for total culturable airborne fungi and for 4 specific moulds. Two types of filters were studied in four air-conditioning systems. Concentration levels below the high-efficiency filters were significantly lower than those above the filters; filter efficiency was dependent on the fungi. Concentration levels below the humidifier were lower than above it. The association of a high-efficiency filter with a humidifying device containing uncontaminated water reduces the risk of microbiological air contamination. The effect of particle size on filter efficiency is discussed.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.11, p.996-1001. Illus. 34 ref.

CIS 96-2237 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. It includes: updated descriptions of the analytical methods of the German Research Association; German Ministry of Labour guidelines for the accreditation of analytical laboratories; new or updated Technical Rules for Dangerous Substances (TRGS) 552 (N-nitrosamines), 554 (diesel motor emissions) and 557 (dioxins); the new German Environmental Auditing Law; rules for the certification of environmental auditors; European Standard EN 1231 for detector tube equipment. Full texts of the Technical Rules are available from the publisher.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 37. Ergänzungslieferung, May 1996. 255p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

1995

CIS 02-863 Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: ISO standards for the analysis of toxic substances; VDI guidelines with respect to air protection; reducing the exposure to environmental contaminants at the place of work; guide for compiling safety data sheets; updating of the law on the safety of equipment; environmental compatibility tests; law on protection against immissions; proposals of an European Commission working group for the evaluation of hazards at the place of work; amendments to Council Regulation 2455/92/EEC (see CIS 93-1426) concerning the export and import of certain dangerous chemicals; limitations of the emissions of VOCs during the storage of motor fuel.
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 35. Ergänzungslieferung, Nov. 1995. 208p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 97-1952 Cain W.S., Cometto-Muñiz J.E.
Irritation and odor as indicators of indoor pollution
Irritation and odour pollution are discussed in relation to health complaints associated with indoor air pollution. The use of biological assays to determine the potency of an irritant is described and investigations into odour and irritation thresholds in humans are discussed. Both animal and human data point to common physicochemical determinants of potency, especially for the weak irritants that often exist in indoor environments.
Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, Jan.-Mar. 1995, Vol.10, No.1, p.133-145. Illus. 29 ref.

CIS 97-1237 Gilli G., et al.
Chemical and microbiological contamination in a confined environment: Evaluation of occupational exposure under conditions of fluctuating physical parameters, seasonal conditions and external flows
Contaminazione chimica e microbiologica in ambiente confinato: misure dell'esposizione professionale al variare di parametri fisici, condizioni stagionali e flussi dall'estero [in Italian]
The purpose of this research was to discover to what extent different environmental parameters affected the effects of exposure of office workers to various chemical and microbiological agents. The chemicals investigated included aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons and carbonyls. The microbiological agents included bacteria and fungi. The environmental parameters considered included parts of the daily, weekly and annual work cycle, the presence of tobacco smoke and microclimate. Overall, changing environmental parameters had little effect on exposure, though the need for improved ventilation in winter months is shown by the results of the study and in areas subject to the passing through of many people there was a marked fluctuation in the concentration of certain chemical substances and microorganisms.
Prevenzione oggi, July-Sept. 1995, Vol.7, No.3, p.77-104. Illus.

CIS 96-1748 Deschamps F., Perrin M.L.
Harmful effects of odours in the workplace
Les nuisances olfactives en entreprise [in French]
Unpleasant odours are frequently present in workplaces. They are often ignored if not associated with health hazards. Air sampling, analytical methods, and - more generally - chemical investigations are often complex. This is why this kind of problem is frequently neglected. Olfactometry, which relies on the olfactive mucous membranes of a team of trained observers, permits the detection of odour origins, components and strength. It is a sensitive and effective method. Results obtained enable managers to look for the best solutions to cope with these undesirable effects.
Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.467-470. 7 ref.

CIS 96-1381 Soudry C.
Clean-up of workplace air
Assainissement des atmosphères des locaux de travail [in French]
Summary of 18 regulatory texts (articles of the Labour Code, orders, decrees) intended to ensure that the air of premises where work is carried out be renewed so as to remain pure enough to maintain the health of the workers and to prevent undue elevations of temperature, disagreeable odours and condensation. The regulations distinguish premises with non-specific pollution from those where certain specific harmful substances or organisms may be emitted. Some texts cover the contractors responsible for construction and maintenance of premises rather than their operators.
Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 1995, No.64, p.277-293. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 96-1088 Flemming H.C.
Biofouling and biocorrosion - Effects of undesired biofilms
Biofouling und Biokorrosion - die Folgen unerwünschter Biofilme [in German]
Microorganisms are capable of growing on the surface of various kinds of equipment and materials. For example, microbial layers called biofilms have been found on heat exchanger surfaces, in dental equipment, on electronic controls and in water conduits. They may interfere with processes such as heat exchange and filtering processes and be the cause of infections such as legionellosis. They can contribute to corrosion. About 20% of all corrosion damage to metals and building materials is attributed to biofilms. The mechanism of microbial corrosion is explained.
Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik, Nov. 1995, Vol.67, No.11, p.1425-1430. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 96-965 DeVaull G.E., King J.A., Lantzy R.J., Fontaine D.J.
Center for Chemical Process Safety
Understanding atmospheric dispersion of accidental releases
Contents of this manual: introduction to the processes involved in accidental releases and the resulting downwind transport and dilution of gases, vapours and aerosols; meteorology and turbulence; estimates of release rates from leaks and ruptures; liquid pool evaporation; buoyant and dense-gas jet releases; low-velocity dense-gas releases; passive dispersion; complex flow considerations; toxic vapour hazard evaluations; computer models.
American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2395, USA, 1995. xii, 44p. Illus. 37 ref. Price: USD 50.00 (USA and Canada); USD 70.00 (elsewhere).

CIS 96-772 Sierra P., Loranger S., Kennedy G., Zayed J.
Occupational and environmental exposure of automobile mechanics and nonautomotive workers to airborne manganese arising from the combustion of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT)
Air sampling studies showed that the average workplace manganese concentration for a group of garage mechanics (0.45µgm^-3) was 10 times higher than that of a nearby control group of nonautomotive workers (0.04µgm^-3). Workplace concentrations of aluminium, iron and zinc were also higher for the mechanics. The nonautomotive workers had similar manganese concentrations at work and at home; both groups had significantly higher concentrations of the other three metals at the workplace than at home. Particle size investigation suggests that at least 90% of the manganese in garage air was from a source other than methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.713-716. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 96-856 Martin J.R.
The sensitive individual and the indoor environment: Case study
An environmental investigation was carried out in an office building following occupant reports of health problems suspected of being associated with the indoor environment. No conditions likely to cause the reported health problems were indicated. One occupant was experiencing a fairly severe reaction only upon entering the building but no specific explanation was identified; a possible allergic reaction to materials within the building was suggested. The case highlights the role of the occupational physician in environmental investigations and the need to consider the possible presence of sensitive individuals.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1995, Vol.56, No.11, p.1121-1126. Illus. 16 ref.

CIS 96-855 Batterman S.A., Luoma M.
Characterization of emission sources in buildings and HVAC systems: Quantification and uncertainty
The use of in situ mass balance techniques to characterize emission sources in buildings and heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is described. The techniques use flow and concentration measurements taken in the building or HVAC system from which contaminant fluxes and emissions are computed. Uncertainties in results caused by measurement errors and variability in observed concentrations and flows are discussed, and the accuracy of emission estimates derived in this way is evaluated. Results show the required measurement accuracies for various source and building conditions.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1995, Vol.56, No.11, p.1083-1089. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 96-265 Boeniger M.F.
Use of ozone generating devices to improve indoor air quality
A literature survey was carried out on the use of ozone to remove organic contaminants from the air and the health effects of overexposure to ozone. Health effects of ozone exposure are outlined along with its occurrence, olfactory detection and gaseous-state chemistry. Reports on the use of indoor ozone generators evaluate their potential for excess exposure and their effectiveness in removing air pollutants. It is concluded that ozone is not a practical or effective means of improving indoor air quality, especially in the light of its potentially serious risk to health.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.590-598. Illus. 69 ref.

CIS 96-245 Rodes C.E., Kamens R.M., Wiener R.W.
Experimental considerations for the study of contaminant dispersion near the body
Studies of contaminant dispersion near a body were carried out using a mannequin in a modified wind tunnel capable of simulating a range of indoor velocities and turbulence characteristics; sulfur hexafluoride was used to simulate gaseous contaminants. The results of validation testing for selected experimental components are reported: velocity of flow, mannequin blockage, turbulence intensity, turbulence spectra and measurements of scale, and contaminant profiles. A deceleration zone was noted that extended 50cm upstream from the mannequin, with freestream velocities reduced 50 to 60%, 2.5cm from the chest.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.535-545. Illus. 29 ref.

CIS 95-1753 Maroni M., Axelrad R., Bacaloni A.
NATO's efforts to set indoor air quality guidelines and standards
Report on a multinational cooperative programme (200 experts from 15 countries during 1989-1993) conducted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society. The programme examined policy strategies related to indoor air quality (IAQ) and various health conditions related to buildings (building-related symptoms/health complaints (BRC)/illness (BRI), sick building syndrome). The achievement of health and comfort in the indoor environment combined with energy efficiency can be obtained by a proper control of human exposure to indoor air contaminants. Recommendations for this purpose were made by the Committee concerning: building design and internal HVAC pollution; source control; development of guidelines and standards; definitions; health effects by indoor environment to be considered in epidemiological investigations; use of a questionnaire for epidemiological investigations of indoor-related health problems; diagnosis and medical management; ascertainment of IAQ factors possibly responsible for BRI/BRC; medical activities and advice for the treatment and prevention of BRI/BRC; technical measures to eliminate BRI/BRC.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.499-508. 7 ref.

CIS 95-1809 Leichnitz K.
Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 95-1442. It includes: descriptions of European Standards DIN EN 689 on determination of exposure and DIN EN 482 on the performance of methods for determining concentrations in air; definitions of "to be exposed" (ausgesetzt sein) and "action level" (Auslöseschwelle); updated lists of exposure levels (TRK, MAK, BAT) and of recognized carcinogens; new or updated Technical Rules for Dangerous Substances (TRGS) 300 (safety techniques), 513 and 522 (fumigation with ethylene oxide and/or formaldehyde), 519 (demolition, cleanup or maintenance involving asbestos) and 520 (hazardous waste dumps).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 34. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1995. 280p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

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