Aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons - 446 entries found

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1975

CIS 75-2005 Chéron J.
Resistance of protective gloves to industrial solvents - Results obtained with cyclohexane on 100 commercial gloves.
Résistance des gants de protection aux solvants industriels - Résultats obtenus avec le cyclohexane sur une centaine de gants du commerce. [in French]
Presents the results of tests carried out by the French National Research and Safety Institute (Institut national de recherche et de sécurité - INRS) on the deterioration of gloves by soaking them in the solvent (combined mechanical and chemical actions), permeability to the solvent and speed of solvent passage across the glove. The findings are set out in a table with a qualitative scale, graded according to how the gloves are used (prolonged contact, frequent dipping, etc.) and accompanied by advice to users. An offprint of this article has been published (Edition INRS No.521).
Travail et sécurité, Feb. 1975, No.2, p.87-94. Illus.

CIS 75-1254
Bekanntmachung, Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung), Bonn, 4 Dec. 1974.
Technical rules on compressed gases
Technische Regeln Druckgase (TRG) [in German]
Text of the technical rules (Dec. 1974 edition), which entered into force on 1 July 1975: TRG 311 - Acetylene cylinders (definitions, characteristics of cylinders and porous materials, marking of cylinders).
Arbeitsschutz, Jan. 1975, No.1, p.54-58.

1974

CIS 75-1758 Basic bibliography on paralysis in the footwear industry
Bibliografía básica sobre la parálisis del calzado [in Spanish]
This volume, published by CNID on the occasion of the International Meeting on Paralysis in the Footwear Industry (Barcelona, 12-14 Nov. 1974), reproduces in facsimile in the original language a number of basic studies, submitted by research workers in different countries, on polyneuritis due to various chemical substances used in the boot and shoe manufacturing sector, in particular tricresyl phosphate and n-hexane.
National Occupational Safety and Health Prgramme, National Information and Documentation Centre (Plan nacional de higiene y seguridad del trabajo, Centro national de información y documentación (CNID), Barcelona, Spain, 1974. 347p. Illus. Approx. 500 ref.

CIS 75-1646 Hilborn J.
Atmospheric sample pumps - A possible source of error in total hydrocarbon, methane, and carbon monoxide measurement.
Errors in air pollutant measurements due to the use of pressure sampling pumps are discussed. Modifications recommended are use of a vacuum pump, toggle valve, and by-pass in line remote from the instrument.
Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association, Oct. 1974, Vol.24, No.8, p.983-984. Illus.

CIS 75-1516 Dorias H.
Fires and explosions
Feuer und Explosionen [in German]
This article describes a number of accidents to illustrate the hazards - of which people are frequently unaware - of propane, hydrogen peroxide and calcium hypochlorite, referring to the characteristics of these substances which render them liable to ignite or explode. Hydrogen peroxide and calcium hypochlorite may explode or ignite spontaneously. Safety rules: limitation of quantity transported; special instructions concerning driver, itinerary, time, weather conditions, speed limit, convoying; rules concerning suitable materials for building transportation tanks and containers.
Die Berufsgenossenschaft, Sep. 1974, No.9, p.365-370. Illus.

CIS 75-1224 Gomaz Z.
Safe work in butane-gas stations
Siguran rad u butanskim stanicama [in Serbocroatian]
Information on the physical and chemical properties of propane and butane and on the layout and operation of butane supply stations is followed by the description of safe working methods and safety measures in butane stations: unloading and transport of gas cylinders; prevention of fire and explosions (correct connection of cylinders, leak detection, pressure regulators, flameproof electrical equipment, etc.); fire fighting; inspection and maintenance (a checklist is reproduced). Measures to be taken in the event of accidents are tabulated.
Sigurnost, 1974, Vol.15, No.4, p.16-37. Illus.

CIS 75-1457 Voggenberger F., Wollinek A.
Warning systems and displays for petrochemical processes
Gefahrenmeldeanlagen und Messwertanwahl für petrochemische Prozesse [in German]
Description, with diagrams, of a plant producing acetylene from petroleum (annual capacity 300,000t) equipped with a fully electronic warning system with peripheral computers. For safety reasons 3 broadly independent systems with 2 computers were planned: optic and acoustic signalling system; recording of production troubles with their time of occurrence; temperature display by means of a selector.
Maschinenwelt-Elektrotechnik, Feb. 1974, Vol.29, No.2, p.26-29. Illus.

CIS 75-1058 Morel C., Cavigneaux A., Protois J.C.
Fiche toxicologique n°113, French National Research and Safety Institute (Institut national de recherche et de sécurité), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14.
Hexane
Hexane. [in French]
Uses, physical and chemical properties, storage, methods of detection and determination in air, fire hazards, pathology and toxicology. French occupational safety and health regulations in force, protection of the environment, transport. Technical and medical recommendations.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Sécurité et hygiène du travail, 4th quarter 1974, No.77, Note No.938-77-74, p.631-634. 15 ref.

CIS 75-1025 Dobrynina V.V., Ljublina E.I.
Toxicological hygiene characteristics of ethylidenenorbornene, vinylnorbornene and tetrahydroindene
Toksikologo-gigieničeskaja harakteristika ėtilidennorbornena, vinilnorbornena i tetragidroindena [in Russian]
Toxicological data on ethylidenenorbornene, which is used in the manufacture of pneumatic tyres, and 2 other compounds occurring as intermediate products in this process: acute toxicity, action on the skin and mucosae, threshold concentrations (40-min exposure) and threshold doses as derived from animal experiments. The following threshold limit values are proposed: 20mg/m³ for ethylidenenorbornene and tetrahydroindene, and 10mg/m³ for vinylnorbornene.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Oct. 1974, No.10, p.52-54. 10 ref.

CIS 75-451 Properties and essential information for safe handling and use of propylene.
Physical and chemical properties and information on health hazards and fire and reactivity hazards are followed by recommendations on engineering control measures in manufacturing operations, employee education and training, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, shipping containers, labelling, handling and storage, tank and equipment cleaning and repairs, waste disposal, medical management and first aid.
Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-59, Manufacturing Chemists' Association, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009, USA, 1974. 17p.

CIS 75-450 Properties and essential information for safe handling and use of butadiene.
Physical and chemical properties and information on health hazards, fire and explosion hazards and polymerisation hazards are followed by recommendations on engineering control measures in manufacturing areas, employee education and training, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, shipping containers, labelling, handling and storage, tank and equipment cleaning and repairs, waste disposal, medical management and first aid.
Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-55, Manfacturing Chemists' Association, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009, USA, 1974. 19p.

CIS 75-518 Roch K.H., Rost E.
Safety devices in oxy-acetylene pressure regulators for welding, cutting and related techniques
Sicherheitseinrichtungen in Gleichdruckanlagen für Acetylen zum Schweissen, Schneiden und für verwandte Verfahren [in German]
This communication from the Federal Institute for Materials Testing (Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung), Berlin, describes the principles and functioning of a pressure regulator and the balanced-pressure blowpipe. The initial oxygen and acetylene pressures are adjusted to approximately equal levels by membrane valves. Since the 2 gases are separated only by a membrane, there is a danger that an explosive gas mixture will form in the event of rupture of the latter, whence the necessity of the safety devices described in the article. Reference to the relevant German regulations.
Die Berufsgenossenschaft, May 1974, Vol.26, No.5, p.202-204. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 75-315 Nešumova S.P.
Confinement of explosive decomposition reactions of flowing acetylene by porous packings
Lokalizacija reakcii vzryvnogo razloženija acetilena v poristyh nasadkah pri protoke gaza [in Russian]
Results of experiments carried out with a view to confining explosive decomposition reactions in an uninterrupted stream of high-pressure acetylene. It was found that the insertion in a pipe system of porous packings with pore sizes calculated according to the Peclet constancy criteria do not confine the decomposition of flowing acetylene under a pressure of 22-24 bars, but only slow it down. A reliable flame-arresting effect can thus be achieved only by stopping the gas flow after the explosion has been initiated. The sudden rise in both temperature and pressure could be used for triggering a gas-flow stopping device.
Himičeskaja promyšlennost', June 1974, No.6, p.26-28. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 75-43
Bekanntmachung, Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung), Bonn, 22 Apr. 1974.
Technical rules on acetylene plants and calcium carbide stores
Technische Regeln für Acetylenanlagen und Calciumcarbidlager (TRAC) [in German]
Text of the technical rules TRAC 203 concerning acetylene compressors: definitions followed by rules concerning materials, dimensions, design, equipment, assembly, installation and operation of plant.
Arbeitsschutz, May 1974, No.5, p.150-151.

CIS 75-204 Pigida G.L.
Assessment of duration of peaks above maximum admissible methane concentrations
Raspredelenie dlitel'nosti prevyšenij dopustimogo urovnja koncentracii metana [in Russian]
Description of a mathematical method for assessing both the average concentration and the duration of peaks above the maximum admissible concentration of methane contained in the air emerging from mine workings. The method is based on the probability of methane outbursts and has been experimentally tested. The assessment of the above parameters is vital for the design of automatic safety systems for gassy coal mines.
Gornyj žurnal - Izvestija vysših učebnyh zavedenij, May 1974, No.5, p.80-85. Illus. 5 ref.

CIS 75-18 Möller K.H.
Occupational safety and accident prevention in the light of safety inspections of acetylene installations, gas equipment and mechanically produced sparks
Arbeitsschutz und Unfallverhütung am Beispiel sicherheitstechnischer Untersuchungen an Acetylenanlagen, an Gasgeräten und mit mechanisch erzeugten Funken [in German]
Review of research carried out by the Federal Institute for Materials Testing (Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung), Berlin. Following an introduction devoted to the legal justification for the Institute's activity in this field, a description is given of the tests performed as part of the safety inspections required by law to be carried out in acetylene production and storage plants, on gas equipment and accessories and with regard to mechanically produced sparks which could lead to the ignition of explosive mixtures.
Sicher ist Sicher, Jan. 1974, Vol.25, No.1, p.38-44, and Feb. 1974, No.2, p.68-72 and 80-81. Illus. 107 ref.

CIS 74-1518 Explosion in a garbage incineration plant
Räjähdys jätteenpolttolaitoksella [in Finnish]
Investigation of a methane explosion with happened in a Finnish garbage incineration plant, causing 4 fatalities. The methane produced in a garbage composting unit located near the incineration plant was evacuated through a pipeline which had been dug in the earth. The loose backfill earth had been tamped with the aid of vibrated tampers which caused the pipeline to bend, break and leak. The methane which escaped from the leak penetrated into the incineration plant and an explosion followed.
Ehkäise tapaturmia - Förebygg olycksfall, 1974, No.1, p.20. Illus.

CIS 74-1358 Åstrand I., Kilbom Å., Övrum P.
Exposure to white spirit - Concentration in alveolar air and blood at rest and during exercise
Exposition för lacknafta - Koncentration i alveolarluft och blod under vila och arbete [in Swedish]
15 healthy young men were exposed to 1,250 and 2,500 mg/m³ of white spirit in the air while resting and during physical exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The white spirit contained 83% aliphatic and 17% aromatic components. Each exposure period lasted 30 min. Pulmonary ventilation, cardiac output and concentration of aliphatic and aromatic components in alveolar air and arterial and venous blood were determined during and after exposure. Different concentration levels were found for aliphatic and aromatic components. These differences are attributed to their different solubilities in blood. The concentration of aromatic components showed a heavy increase during each exposure and when changing to heavier physical work. The measurement of aliphatic and aromatic components in arterial capillary blood is suggested as an exposure test.
Arbete och hälsa - vetenskaplig skriftserie, 1974:1. Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Fack, 100 26 Stockholm 34, Sweden, 1974, p.1-36. Illus. 7 ref. Price: Swe-cr.10.00.

1973

CIS 76-241
Permanent International Commission for Acetylene, Gas Welding and Allied Industries (Commission permanente internationale de l'acétylène, de la soudure autogène et des industries qui s'y rattachent), Paris.
Safety manual for personnel of plants producing acetylene and gases extracted from the atmosphere - Manuel de sécurité pour le personnel ouvrier travaillant dans les usines de production d'acétylène et des gaz extraits de l'air.
Manuel de sécurité pour le personnel ouvrier travaillant dans les usines de production d'acétylène et des gaz extraits de l'air - Safety manual for personnel of plants producing acetylene and gases extracted from the atmosphere. [in French]
The first part of this bilingual manual, published for the information of workers in factories producing gases such as acetylene, oxygen, nitrogen and argon, is devoted to general rules of safe behaviour aimed at preventing falls, injuries, electric shock and fire in workshops, and to first aid in the event of burns, etc. The second part, devoted to special safety rules for oxygen plant, stresses the combustive properties of oxygen, dealing in detail with the hazards of the products and equipment involved. The third and fourth parts are concerned with the hazards of nitrogen, argon and acetylene and the safety rules to be observed in factories producing them.
Publications de la soudure autogène, 32 boulevard de la Chapelle, 75880 Paris Cedex 18, France, 2nd edition 1973. 22p. Illus.

CIS 76-184 Carrol H.B., Armstrong F.E.
Accuracy and precision of several portable gas detectors.
Commercially available portable instruments for detection of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and methane were evaluated for performance at 50% and 80% relative humidities and 75°F in simulated industrial work atmospheres. The instruments were gas detection tubes (length-of-stain and colour intensity), catalytic detector, liquid absorption detectors, paramagnetic oxygen detector, and "pelement" or hot-wire methane detectors. The gas concentrations were 0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the threshold limit value. The test and standard instruments were correlated by plotting regression, prediction and confidence limits and correlation coefficients for each system. The relative humidity was not significant. There was considerable deviation in detection precision especially at lower concentrations. The main inconsistencies in toxic gas concentrations determined with the length-of-stain tubes resulted from the observer's interpretations rather than from the tubes. Necessary precautions for accurate results include zero checks, calibration, and standardisation at ambient temperatures.
Report of Investigations 7811, Bureau of Mines, Publications Distribution Branch, 4800 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA, 1973.

CIS 75-1760 Abbritti G., Siracusa A., Cianchetti C., Coli C.A., Curradi F., Perticoni G.F., De Rosa F.
Aetiology of "footwear industry workers' toxic polyneuritis" (observations on 88 cases)
Sull'etiologia della "polineuropatia tossica dei calzaturieri" (considerazioni su 88 casi) [in Italian]
Brief literature survey which highlights the fact that up till now tri-o-cresyl phosphate was considered the chief cause of toxic polyneuritis in these workers. A study of 88 cases from small badly ventilated Italian factories shows that polyneuritis affected not only the workers engaged in glueing footwear or cleaning them with solvents, but also the other employees having no direct contact with these agents. It is suggested that inhalation of low boiling point saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, particularly n-hexane, contained in the solvents causes polyneuritis. The article proposes practical preventive measures: in-plant health education; transferral of production process to more suitable (and not improvised) premises; labelling of dangerous chemical, etc.
Folia medica, Sep.-Oct. 1973, Vol.61, No.9-10, p.374-396. Illus. 37 ref.

CIS 75-1544 Safe work with oxygen, acetylene, butane and propane
Sécurité dans l'utilisation de l'oxygène, l'acétylène, le butane et le propane. [in French]
This brochure, illustrated by humorous cartoons showing correct and incorrect working methods, contains practical information and recommendations for workers and others using these gases. Contents: properties of the gases, gas cylinders, calcium carbide drums, acetylene generators, pressure-reducing valves, flexible tubing and blowpipes, fire prevention and fire fighting, protection and safety measures for welders, first aid and first-aid kit.
Edition OPPBTP No.158A, Organisation for Safety in Building Construction and Civil Engineering (Organisme professionnel de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics), 2 bis rue Michelet, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France, 1st edition, 1973. 64p. Illus.

CIS 74-1975 Truhaut R., Laget P., Piat G., Nguyen Phu-Lich., Dutertre-Catella H., Vu Ngoc Huyen., Frédéric F., Shechter E.
First electrophysiological results after experimental administration of hexane and heptane (technical grade) to albino rats
Premiers résultats électrophysiologiques après intoxications expérimentales par l'hexane et par l'heptane techniques chez le rat blanc. [in French]
After 5 to 6 months exposure of Wistar rats to atmospheres containing high concentrations of hexane (2,000ppm) or heptane (1,500ppm) vapours, the electrophysiological determinations carried out on the sciatic and saphenous nerves showed reduced conduction time, a longer refractory period and lowered excitability. Histological examinations revealed a retraction of the components of the myelinic sheath and rupture of Schwann's sheath. These observations, which need to be supplemented, may explain the polyneuritic complications observed in workers using glues in the shoe and leather industries.
Archives des maladies professionnelles, July-Aug. 1973, Vol.34, No.7-8, p.417-426. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 74-1662 Properties and essential information for safe handling and use of ethylene.
Information is given on properties, hazards, engineering control, personal protective equipment, fire fighting, handling and storage, tank and equipment cleaning and repairs, waste disposal, medical management and first aid.
Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-100, Manufacturing Chemists Association, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009, USA, 1973. 17p.

CIS 74-1547 Lietze D., Marcks G.
Design of acetylene piping exposed to the hazard of detonation and the efficacy of acetylene decomposition arresters arranged in battery
Über die Auslegung detonationsgefährdeter Acetylen-Rohrleitungen und die Wirksamkeit trockener Füllkörperstrecken als Acetylen-Zerfallssperren [in German]
This report from the Federal Institute for Materials Testing (Berlin) describes experiments aimed at determining the resistance to detonation of acetylene piping in petrochemical plants producing large amounts of acetylene. The results of experiments carried out with a battery system of porous materials (Raschig or Pall rings) intended to arrest the decomposition of acetylene in pipes are summarised in diagrams from which, for a given maximum operating pressure, the required battery type and length may be determined.
Arbeitsschutz, Oct. 1973, No.10, p.389-400. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 74-1345 Carnevale F., Costa G., D'Andrea F., Faggionato G., Perbellini L.
New hypothesis on the aetiology of glue polyneuritis
Nuova ipotesi sulla etiologia delle polineuriti "da collanti" [in Italian]
Numerous cases of polyneuritis were reported in the plastics industry and in shoe factories in many countries. The cause was thought to have been triorthocresyl phosphate. A study of 2 cases of polyneuritis in a factory where glues were used has led to a reconsideration of the problem, the disease being eventually attributed to the action of n-hexane. This hypothesis seems to be confirmed by a study of the relevant French and Japanese literature.
Folia medica, Jan.-Feb. 1973, Vol.56, No.1-2, p.11-16. 14 ref.

CIS 74-1458 Brignardello R., De Luca F., Spagnoli G.
Environmental pollution due to industrial solvents used for the extraction of olive oil from pressed oilcake
L'inquinamento ambientale da solventi nelle industrie per l'estrazione dell'olio di oliva dalle sanse [in Italian]
Results of a survey carried out in several chemical extraction plants for olive oil in Latium (Italy) employing the trichloroethylene or hexane process, which was continuous in some plants, non-continuous in others. Air sampling was carried out at various points in these plants and the samples analysed by gas chromatography. Plants using hexane were subdivided according to the exact composition of the solvent marketed under that name, which is in fact a mixture of pentane, methylpentane, hexane, dimethylpentane, cyclohexane and benzene. The survey brought to light the following facts, among others: solvents containing more than 1% benzene were being used; in the plants using trichloroethylene, concentrations of this substance in the air exceeding the permissible TLV of 100 ppm were often discovered; in the plants using hexane, however, apart from the cases where the solvent used contained an inadmissible proportion of benzene, monitoring of various workposts showed values under the TLVs.
Securitas, Jan. 1973, Vol.58, No.1, p.49-60. Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 74-343 Möller K.H.
Safety observations and tests on the suitability of porous substances used as filling material for acetylene cylinders
Sicherheitstechnisch bedeutsame Beobachtungen bei Untersuchungen an porösen Massen auf ihre Eignung als Füllmassen für ortsbewegliche Acetylen-Druckgasbehälter [in German]
Report of the German Federal Institute for Materials Testing (Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung) on the results of tests to ascertain the effect of the following factors on the protection of acetylene cylinders by porous matter: areas of loosening, gaps or cracks; punctures; replenishing porous matter; porous matter variously manufactured or obtained from different sources; welded seams; welded cylinders subjected to frequent handling; vertical storage of compressed gas cylinders; effect of heat. From these results, the Federal Institute concludes that 40-l cylinders may be filled with more acetylene than was previously permissible.
Sicher ist Sicher, June 1973, Vol.24, No.6, p.278-289. Illus. 73 ref.

CIS 74-341 Marcks G., Möller K.H.
The grouping of acetylene cylinders in batteries for simultaneous use
Über das Zusammenschliessen von Acetylenflaschen zu einer Flaschenbatterie zum Zwecke der gemeinsamen Gasentleerung [in German]
The gas release velocity from acetylene cylinders is limited; big consumers thus group the cylinders in a battery. Discussion of the balancing of pressures and concentrations between differently filled cylinders. Maximum permissible charge. Results of experiments at the Federal Institute for Materials Testing are described. Cylinders packed with ordinary porous material may be grouped with cylinders prepared with highly porous new monolithic silicate material.
Arbeitsschutz, June 1973, No.6, p.271-275. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 74-296
Minister of State for Social Affairs, Paris, France.
Decree No.73-215 of 23 February 1973 to revise and supplement the schedule of occupational diseases annexed to Decree No.46-2959 of 31 December 1946
Décret n° 73-215 du 23 février 1973 revisant et compléant les tableaux de maladies professionnelles annexés au décret n°46-2959 du 31 décembre 1946. [in French]
This decree, which came into force on 2 Mar. 1973, adds to the statutory list of occupational diseases the following new tables (Nos.59 to 63): occupational poisoning due to hexane; occupational poisoning due to pentachlorophenol or sodium pentachlorophenolate; diseases due to cadmium and its compounds; diseases due to organic isocyanates; diseases due to proteolytic enzymes. Table No.34 is amended. [The text of this decree is also reproduced in Travail et sécurité, Paris, Mar. 1973, No.3, p.223-227, with comments, followed by the text of the administrative circular of 7 Mar. 1973 on this subject].
Journal officiel de la République française, 2 Mar. 1973, No.52, p.2321-2322.

CIS 74-54 Grothe I.
Advances in occupational safety regarding welding in the Federal Republic of Germany
Nouvelles conceptions de la sécurité du travail en matière de soudage dans la République fédérale d'Allemagne [in German]
Nouvelles conceptions de la sécurité du travail en matière de soudage dans la République fédérale allemande. [in French]
Important advances in welding safety technology have recently been made or are in the process of being made in Germany. These are chiefly concerned with gas sources (calcium carbide, acetylene generators, gas cylinders), valves and fittings, safety devices, piping and blow-pipes, as well as protection against the hazards of electric currents.
Schweisstechnik - Soudure, June 1973, Vol.63, No.6, p.186-194.

CIS 74-51
Bekanntmachung, Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung), Bonn, 3 Sep. 1973.
Technical rules on acetylene plants and calcium carbide stores
Technische Regeln für Azetylenanlagen und Calciumcarbidlager (TRAC) [in German]
Text of the technical rules TRAC 201 on acetylene generators and TRAC 205 on acetylene gas tanks. Requirements for materials, design, equipment, installation and operation of plant.
Arbeitsschutz, Oct. 1973, No.10, p.417-422.

CIS 74-45 Lietze D.
Resistance required of high-pressure acetylene piping
Anforderungen an die Festigkeit von Rohrleitungen für Hochdruck-Azetylen [in German]
An explosive reaction of the pyrolysis products of acetylene is possible even in relatively short lengths of piping, and design of piping for high-pressure acetylene (up to 25 kg/cm²) must ensure resistance to strong pressure build-up. This article discusses the pressures which may occur in theory and describes explosion and hydraulic compression tests carried out on 20 mm-diameter pipes by the German Federal Institute for Materials Testing. The test shows that St 35 steel piping allowing for at least 25% elongation withstood all possible pressure buildups from exothermic decompositon products of acetylene under high pressure when the ratio between the external and internal pipe diameter is equal to or more than 1.75 (35 mm/20 mm). The material selected must be able to withstand plastic deformation, otherwise the explosive decomposition of acetylene might rupture the piping along its entire length.
Arbeitsschutz, Feb 1973, No.2, p.61-66, Illus. 6 ref.

CIS 73-1572 Lipina T.G.
Rapid method for the determination of isobutylene in air
Bystryj metod opredelenija izobutilena v vozduhe [in Russian]
Description of a colorimetric method based on the condensation reaction of the absorbed sample with p-dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde. The sensitivity of the method is 0.25µg with 4mL of solution. The method is suitable for isobutylene vapour concentrations down to 3-5mg/m³. Ethylene and propylene do not interfere. A method of preparing the calibration curve is described.
Gigiena truda i professional'nye zabolevanija, Jan. 1973, No.1, p. 45-47. 3 ref.

1972

CIS 72-2492 Möller K.H.
Safe handling of acetylene dissolved in acetone in the chemical industry
Sichere Handhabung von Acetylen/Aceton-Lösungen bei chemisch-technischen Verfahren [in German]
Data on the use of acetylene in chemical synthesis (vinylation, ethinylation, cyclic polymerisation, carbonylaction) and on the explosion hazards of dissolved acetylene. Report on work by the Federal Materials Testing Institute at Berlin-Dahlem to determine the low temperature stability of acetylene dissolved in acetone. Ignition testing at -20°C shows that maximum safety is achieved if the acetylene concentration is less than 100Ncm³/cm³ acetone (approx. 12% acetylene by weight in the solution). Safety requirements to be met when this figure is exceeded.
Sicher ist Sicher, May 1972, Vol.23, No.5, p.216-222. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 72-2483
Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bekanntmachung des Bundesministeriums für Arbeit und Sozialordnung)
Technical rules on acetylene plant and calcium carbide stores [Federal Republic of Germany]
Technische Regeln für Acetylenanlagen und Calciumkarbidlager (TRAC) [in German]
Text of the technical regulations (TRAC 206) on acetylene cylinder batteries and (TRAC 209) on plant for the production of acetylene dissolved under pressure, issued on 12 Oct. 1971 by the German Acetylene Committee. TRAC 206 covers the installation, equipment and operation of acetylene-cylinder batteries. TRAC 209 deals with the safety of plant and premises, building layout and design, filling-system equipment, safety devices, operation, maintenance and filling.
Arbeitsschutz, Apr. 1972, No.4, p.169-172.

CIS 73-208 Meilinger T.
Explosion of a mixture of silver peroxide and polyisobutylene
Explosion eines Gemisches aus Silberperoxid und Polyisobuten [in German]
Short description of an explosion in which 5 persons were injured and which occurred during the filling of a container with 2kg of silver peroxide (Ag₂O₂) containing 1% by weight of polyisobutylene. Replacement of the polyisobutylene by a halogenated plastic is recommended. Mixtures of oxidising and oxidisable materials should be checked, before use, to determine their explosibility.
Arbeitsschutz, June 1972, No.6, p.248.

CIS 73-57 Liebmann L.
Occupational safety, fire safety and engineering safety in the use of propane and butane
Arbeitsschutz, Brandschutz und technische Sicherheit beim Umgang mit Propan und Butan [in German]
Individual sections are devoted to: definitions and technical requirements; properties (ignitability of gaseous fuels, explosive limits, ignition velocity, temperature changes in liquids, boiling point, vapour pressure and latent heat of vaporisation, density, combustion characteristics, liquefied-gas mixtures); physiological properties (narcotic and asphyxiating properties); fire protection (storage, procedures in the event of fires and liquefied-gas leaks); entry into liquefied-gas tanks; storage and handling of liquefied-gas cylinders; starting up of liquefied-gas plants.
Verlag Tribüne, Am Treptower Park 28-30, DDR-1193 Berlin, 1972. 46p. Illus.

CIS 73-746 Möller K.H.
The development of ultra-porous substances, their use in acetylene cylinders and the maximum permissible quantity of acetylene and acetone in cylinders containing these substances
Zur Entwicklung von hochporösen Massen, ihre Eignung als Füllmassen für Acetylenbehälter und zulässige Acetylen- und Acetonfüllungen in mit solchen Massen präparierten Behältern [in German]
Having reviewed the principles governing the decomposition of acetylene and the design of acetylene cylinders, the Federal German Materials Testing Laboratory reviews the development of porous substances and solvents for acetylene cylinders. Following drop, ignition and heating tests on high-porousity substances (90% porous monolithic silicates) in full acetylene cylinders, it is now possible to recommend porous masses which allow 27-33% more acetylene by weight. Permissible degrees of filling for various types of cylinder are shown in tabular form.
Die Berufsgenossenschaft, Sep. 1972, no.9, p.336-339, Oct. 1972, No.10, p.375-379, and Nov. 1972, No.11, p.422-425. Illus. 125 ref.

CIS 73-745 Grothe I. (CDTYD): 3.06.86 (CDTYD): 21.04.86
Effects of the Acetylene Regulations
Die Auswirkungen der Acetylenverordnung [in German]
The author comments on various aspects of the Federal German Acetylene Regulations (see CIS 70-706): application, transitional provisions, demarcation line with other regulations, approval and design of acetylene installations. Finally, reference is made to the "Technical rules for acetylene generators and calcium carbide stores" (TRAC) and the subdivision of these rules. A certain number of these rules have already been published and the complete text should be adopted by the end of 1974.
Die Berufsgenossenschaft, Sep. 1972, No.9, p.330-335. Illus.

CIS 73-1221 Pfister R.
Natural gas outbursts in the Seelisberg tunnel
Erdgasvorkommen im Seelisbergtunnel [in German]
While driving the exploratory gallery for the 9.3km long Seelisberg tunnel, methane outbursts were noted. The article refers to the most important characteristics of methane and describes the investigations carried out concerning the origin and quantity of gas released; it also summarises the safety measures adopted while driving the tunnel (ventilation, methane drainage, exploratory borings, pilot drilling, rescue breathing apparatus, underground rescue service, methane monitoring).
Schweizerische Bauzeitung, 7 Sep. 1972, Vol.90, No.36, p.874-880. Illus.

1971

CIS 89-1771 Acetylene
Acetylen [in Polish]
Chemical safety information sheet. Permissible exposure limit (Poland) = 500mg/m³.
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy, 1 Ul. Tamka, 00-349 Warszawa 30, Poland, 1971. 2p.

1970

CIS 72-2663 Inoue T.
A health survey on vinyl sandal manufacturers with a high incidence of n-hexane intoxication
Normal-hexane chudoku no tahatsu o mita vinyl sandal gyosha no rodo eisei gaku teki chosa [in Japanese]
A study of 788 families engaged in home work on vinyl sandal manufacture in a single district revealed 93 persons suffering from polyneuropathy, during the period 1961-1967 (53 cases of sensory polyneuropathy and 40 of sensori-motor neuropathy, in 8 of which there was muscle atrophy). n-Hexane in the adhesives employed was suspected as the causative agent. Concentrations of n-hexane in home workshops ranged from 500 to 2,500ppm due to the low standard of ventilation. Working conditions are described and suitable safety measures recommended, including instruction on solvent toxity and safe handling procedures, improved ventilation and working techniques, etc.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, Mar. 1970, Vol.12, No.3, p.73-84. Illus. 17 ref.

1967

CIS 72-2745 Yamada S.
Toxic polyneuritis in workers exposed to n-hexane
n-Hexane toriatsukaisha ni hassei shita tahatsusei-shinkeien no gen-in no tsuikyu to sono shorei ni tsuite [in Japanese]
Investigation of 17 cases of toxic polyneuritis associated with exposure to n-hexane of varying degrees of purity is described. The result was the temporary reduction of the Japanese TLV for n-hexane to 100ppm. 6 cases occurred in a polyethylene-laminate manufacturing plant in which n-hexane concentrations of 1000-2500ppm were measured; the n-hexagne here contained impurities such as tetraisopropultitanium, tetrabutyltitanium, methylpentane and methylcyclopentane, and these impurities were suspected to be at the origin of the nerve toxic effects. The other 11 cases occurred in a pharmaceutical plant using n-hexane of 95% purity and in which atmospheric concentrations of 500-1000ppm were measured. n-Hexane itself causes toxic polyneuritis, as confirmed by animal experiments.
Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, Aug. 1967, Vol.9, No.7, p.651-659. Illus. 11 ref.

1950

CIS 92-1074 Ordinance on acetylene, oxygen and calcium carbide (of 28 Feb. 1950) [Switzerland]
Verordnung über Azetylen, Sauerstoff und Kalziumkarbid [in German]
Ordinanza concernente l'acetilene, l'ossigeno ed il carburo di calcio [in Italian]
Ordonnance concernant l'acétylène, l'oxygène et le carbure de calcium (du 28 fév. 1950) [Suisse] [in French]
This ordinance (effective 1 Mar. 1950) applies to storage depots of calcium carbide, acetylene apparatus, installations where acetylene in solution is present, and installations where oxygen is used in conjunction with acetylene and other flammable gases. Its provisions concern: notification; requests for authorisation to use; installation requirements; requirements for safe storage and handling; acetylene and oxygen distribution pipes; functioning and maintenance of installations; regular safety checks. In insert: modification (Jan. 1982) authorising iron or steel cylinders of up to 40bars.
SUVA, Sektion Administration, Postfach 4358, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1985. 15p. + insert.

1931

CIS 05-174 Safety during the production and use of acetylene
La sécurité dans la production et l'utilisation de l'acétylène [in French]
The objective of this publication is to provide an overall view of the production and use of acetylene, the related explosion and accident hazards and the measures adopted by various countries to prevent these hazards. A first part is devoted to industrial processes involved in the production and use of acetylene and the related hazards. A second part covers the legislative measures adopted for the prevention of accidents during the production and use of acetylene in various countries (Germany, Belgium, United States, Finland, France, Great Britain, Netherlands and Switzerland). Appendices include: official inspections of acetylene equipment in Germany; inspection of porous materials; methods for the determination of the permissible quantity of oxygen or air that can be admitted into acetylene generators.
ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1931. vii, 196p. Illus. 24 ref. Price: CHF 7.50.

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