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Heterocyclic compounds - 575 entries found

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  • Heterocyclic compounds

1993

CIS 93-1274 Bas Bueno de Mesquita H., Doornbos G., van der Kuip D.A.M., Kogevinas M., Winkelmann R.
Occupational exposure to phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols and cancer mortality in the Netherlands
A cohort of 2,310 workers from two plants who manufacture and prepare chlorophenoxy herbicides in the Netherlands was followed during the periods 1955-1985 and 1965-1986, respectively. In 1963, there was an industrial accident in one factory with concomitant release of dioxin into the environment. Mortality data on 963 exposed and 1,111 nonexposed men were evaluated by external and internal comparison. Compared with national rates, total mortality (94 deaths, SMR = 101; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82-124) and cancer mortality (31 deaths, SMR = 107; 95% CI, 73-152) for exposed workers were not significantly increased. A statistically insignificant increase was observed for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. There was no increase in either total mortality in cancer mortality among the 139 workers probably exposed to dioxins during the 2,4,5-trichlorophenol production accident. Compared with nonexposed workers, exposed workers did not exhibit a higher total mortality. Mortality due to all cancers and respiratory cancer was not significantly elevated. These findings suggest that the increases in cancer mortality among workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides and chlorophenols may be attributable to chance.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.23, No.2, p.289-300. 20 ref.

1992

CIS 02-1097 Carbendazime
Carbendazime [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 86-1034. Synonyms: methyl 2-benzimidazolylcarbamate. Toxicity: there are no published data on acute or chronic poisoning; irritation of the skin, eyes and upper respiratory tract. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.613-048-00-8; Xn, R40, S36/37. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 3p. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 96-1828
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Folpet - Health and safety guide
This document provides a hazard evaluation of folpet based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (irritation, no serious adverse health effects); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 21p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries).

CIS 95-1811 Johnsen H., Lund S.P., Matikainen E., Midtgård U., Simonsen L., Wennberg A.
Nordic Council of Ministers
Occupational neurotoxicity: Criteria document for evaluation of existing data
Report of a working group on criteria for the evaluation and classification of neurotoxic chemicals. A chemical is considered to be neurotoxic if it is capable of inducing a consistent pattern of neural dysfunction or lesion in the nervous system. Criteria were developed for deciding if published evidence for a specific chemical fit this definition. The approach follows that used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer for evaluating data on carcinogenicity. The criteria were tested by evaluating selected research papers on manganese, aluminium, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, dichlorvos, trichloroethylene, formaldehyde, triorthocresyl phosphate, n-hexane and vinyl chloride. Formaldehyde was not classifiable. Cyclohexanone, dichlorvos, tetrahydrofuran and vinyl chloride were classified as possibly neurotoxic and the others as definitely neurotoxic.
National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 2nd. ed., Oct. 1992. 52p. Illus. 60 ref.

CIS 94-110 Quinoline
Quinoline [in French]
International chemical safety card. Short term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of eyes and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long term exposure effects: liver and kidney damage; damage to the retina; genetic effects.
Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 2p.

CIS 93-1988 FINNIDA's manual. Risk management of toxic chemicals
Part 1 of this loose-leaf manual contains 30 project manager's guides providing practical information on the safety management of a specific toxic chemical or group of chemicals. Part 2 comprises a collection of 31 chemical data sheets on the impacts of a particular chemical on the environment and human health along with guidelines for safe use. These are arranged in eight chemical groups (organochlorinated pesticides and other chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphorus pesticides, carbamate pesticides, natural and synthetic pyrethrins, aromatic hydrocarbons, dithiocarbamates, quaternary nitrogen compounds, triazine derivatives). An alphabetical index is provided and a separate A3-size display-type warning card is included for each of the chemicals listed.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, Finnish International Development Agency, Mannerheimintie 15, 00260 Helsinki, Finland, Apr. 1992. 762p. loose-leaf. Index.

CIS 93-2007 Lundberg P.
Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards - XIII
Vetenskapligt underlag för hygienska gränsvärden. 13 [in Swedish]
Consensus reports of the Criteria Group of the Swedish National Institute of Occupational Health on diethanolamine, ethanolamine, catechol, resorcinol, acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl chloride, dioxane, chloromethane, methylhydrazine, hydrazine, cadmium and pyridine. An appendix lists consensus reports appearing in previous volumes of Arbete och Hälsa.
Arbetsmiljöinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1992. 85p. (Eng.); 152p. (Swe.). 496 ref.

CIS 93-1608 Johnson E.S.
Human exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD and risk of cancer
Most of the evidence for the carcinogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in humans has centred around whether or not it causes malignant lymphomas (ML) and soft-tissue sarcomas (STS). A critical review of the literature indicates that the evidence does not support a causal role for TCDD in the aetiology of ML. For STS, the evidence does not specifically incriminate TCDD either, although there is room for doubt. Cancer of other sites, particularly of the respiratory system and thyroid, which were found to be statistically significantly in excess in both of the two largest studies of combined cohorts of occupationally exposed workers, were identified as candidate tumours for which a possible aetiological role of TCDD might need investigation in future studies.
Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 1992, Vol.21, No.6, p.451-463. 121 ref.

CIS 93-1106 Bromacil
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the eyes, nose, throat and skin.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 20 ref.

CIS 93-1100 Atrazine
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: severe irritation of the eyes; mild skin irritation. Effects of long-term exposure: suspected human mutagen.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 17 ref.

CIS 93-1098 Amitrole
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: mild irritation. Effects of long-term exposure: may cause dyspnoea, disturbances of co-ordination, anorexia, increased body temperature and thyroid function suppression; potential human carcinogen.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 18 ref.

CIS 93-742 2-Aminopyridine
Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin; convulsions.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref.

CIS 93-902 Kuo H.W., Wang J.D., Lin J.M.
Determination of 4,4'-bipyridine vapor
An air-sampling and analytical method was developed and evaluated for the personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour, the major intermediate product in the manufacturing of paraquat. 4,4'-bipyridine vapour was collected in XAD-tubes, desorbed from the tubes with diethyl ether, and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The desorption efficiency of XAD-2 sorbent was 100.7% for the spikes between 0.6 and 12.0µg. A dynamic U-tube system was used for testing the air sampling of known quantities of 4,4'-bipyridine into XAD-2 tubes. An average vapour collection of 96.3% was obtained at average concentrations ranging between 0.07 and 0.7mg/m3 under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. The detection limit of the analytical method was 2ng of 4,4'-bipyridine corresponding to a 0.5µg/sample. It is believed that this method is suitable for personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.514-518. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 93-913 Schecter A., Ryan J.J.
Persistent brominated and chlorinated dioxin blood levels in a chemist 35 years after dioxin exposure
In this case study a chemist, after synthesising 10g of 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxin (TBrDD), suffered from mild and transient chloracne of the neck and wrists. Later in the year (September 1956), after synthesising 16g of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), he suffered severe chloracne of the entire body, headaches, backache, and leg pain on exertion. His measured 2,3,7,8-TBrDD in 1991 was 625 parts per trillion (ppt) in whole blood lipid, 35 years after initial exposure and 18ppt TCDD, an elevated level in comparison with the mean 2,3,7,8-TCDD level of 5ppt in the US population. This is the first reported detection of a brominated dioxin in human tissue. The total halogenated dioxin body burden in September 1956 is estimated to have been between 13,005ppt and 146,726ppt. This uptake demonstrates an occupational hazard to chemists and chemical workers, and the usefulness of human tissue dioxin measurements to document absorption.
Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.702-707. 38 ref.

CIS 93-405 Warfarin
Warfarina [in Spanish]
Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; blood coagulation disorders; haematological effects; haematuria; vascular diseases; internal haemorrhages.
Noticias de seguridad, Sep. 1992, Vol.54, No.9, 4p. Insert.

CIS 93-491 Eriksson M., Hardell L., Malker H., Weiner J.
Malignant lymphoproliferative diseases in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or dioxins - A register-based study
The Swedish Cancer Environment Register (CER) is a linkage of census data (e.g. on occupations) with the Swedish Cancer Register. It has been used in different studies to generate hypotheses on occupational risk factors for malignant tumours. This study investigates the risk for malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or other related substances. An increased standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.3 for multiple myeloma was verified in farmers (335 cases). For malignant lymphoma, an increased SIR of 1.2 was found in farmers (227 cases). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma studied separately showed an increased risk (SIR=1.2) in carpenters only (149 cases), whereas Hodgkin's disease had an increased SIR of 2.1 in sawmill workers (10 cases). Physicians also had an elevated risk for malignant lymphoma. A major shortcoming in register studies such as CER is that no individual exposure data on different agents are available. The lack of an association between an occupation and a specific malignant disease may not, therefore, be taken as evidence that persons within that occupation are not at an increased risk for that disease.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1992, Vol.22, No.3, p.305-312. 23 ref.

CIS 93-607 Meldrum M., Delic J.I.
Health and Safety Executive
Triglycidyl isocyanurate; Beryllium and beryllium compounds
Little information is available on the effects of triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) in humans. Skin sensitisation leading to severe dermatitis has been reported in occupationally exposed workers. There is little information on the toxic effects of beryllium or its compounds in humans following a single exposure, although chemical pneumonitis has been observed following single massive exposures. Soluble beryllium compounds have been reported to produce skin and eye irritation. Repeated exposure to beryllium or its compounds can result in an acute or chronic form of lung disease. No conclusions can be reached concerning the carcinogenic potential of beryllium in humans.
HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 14p. + 62p. 59 + 247 ref. Price: GBP 6.00.

CIS 93-267 Exposure of man to dioxins - A perspective on industrial waste incineration
The current knowledge of the occurrence, mechanism of formation and environmental fate of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) is reviewed. Emissions of these materials originating from industrial waste incinerators are examined along with exposure levels, toxicological properties and human health impacts. In man, the only clearly established toxic effect of these compounds is a severe form of acne called chloracne, which is observed after high accidental exposure. Data on other effects, including cancer, are inconclusive.
European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. van Nieuwenhuyse 4, (Bte.6), 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Sep. 1992. 91p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 93-239 Damstra R.J., van Vloten W.A., van Ginkel C.J.W.
Allergic contact dermatitis from the preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,2-BIT; Proxel®): A case report, its prevalence in those occupationally at risk and in the general dermatological population, and its relationship to allergy to its analogue Kathon® CG
Occupational contact allergy to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,b-BIT, Proxel®) is analysed. This compound is widely used in industry as a preservative in water-based solutions such as pastes, paints and cutting oils. The optimal concentration for patch testing proved to be 0.4g/L (0.04%) in water. In 4 out of 17 patients (23%) at occupational risk (painters, paper-hangers), contact allergy to 1,2-BIT was found. Of 556 consecutive dermatological patients without clear occupational risk, 10 (1.8%) showed positive patch tests to 1,2-BIT; in 3 patients 1,2-BIT contact allergy was related to domestic paper-hanging. Although the chemical structure of 1,2-BIT shows some analogy with the preservative Kathon® CG true cross-sensitivity was found to be unlikely.
Contact Dermatitis, Aug. 1992, Vol.27, No.2, p.105-109. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 92-1979 Leira H.L., Tiltnes A., Svendsen K., Vetlesen L.
Irritant cutaneous reactions to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
Several workers in a small electrotechnical company in Norway experienced irritant reactions of the skin after a few days of working with the solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Due to concern about the health risk of commonly-used organic solvents, the company had chosen to use NMP when one of its products had to be treated with a solvent. After 2 days of work with NMP, 10 of the 12 involved workers displayed acute irritant contact dermatitis of the hands. According to published reports, NMP is not considered to be particularly irritant to the skin. The Safety Data Sheet of a Norwegian sales firm contained no information on cutaneous hazards, but the Safety Data Sheet of an American producer of NMP stated the risk of severe dermatitis upon prolonged contact. NMP seems to be more irritant to the human skin than reported thus far.
Contact Dermatitis, Sep. 1992, Vol.27, No.3, p.148-150. 9 ref.

CIS 92-1986 Smith A.H., Patterson D.G., Warner M.L., MacKenzie R., Needham L.L.
Serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin levels of New Zealand pesticide applicators and their implication for cancer hypotheses
The phenoxyherbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) is a widely used pesticide. Little is known about the extent of exposure to the 2,4,5-T contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent animal carcinogen. The study determined whether the blood serum levels of TCDD in 2,4,5-T applicators were greater than those of a control group not involved in 2,4,5-T spraying. Nine of 548 New Zealand applicators were selected who had sprayed 2,4,5-T for a range of 83-372 months. Results showed that the average serum level of TCDD for applicators was almost 10 times that of the control subjects, while the average levels of all other congeners and isomers measured in the two groups did not differ substantially. Increased risks of cancer from brief exposure to phenoxy herbicides reported in other countries are probably not attributable to the TCDD that contaminates 2,4,5-T. It cannot be determined from these results, however, whether TCDD exposure from prolonged use of 2,4,5-T poses significant health risks.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 15 Jan. 1992, Vol.84, No.2, p.104-108. Illus. 40 ref.

CIS 92-1949 Houck P., Nebel D., Milham S.
Organic solvent encephalopathy - An old hazard revisited
This report describes neurological and respiratory symptoms among 26 engineers and contract labourers who used organic solvents and detergents to remove polychlorinated biphenyl contamination from a poorly ventilated factory basement. Neurological symptoms included persistent central nervous system deficits; these developed in one worker after only three days. Respiratory symptoms included cough that persisted for more than two years. Labourers were more likely to report symptoms than were engineers. Appropriate ventilation or respirator use might have prevented the workers' morbidity. This incident serves as a reminder that organic solvent-related occupational illness continues to occur despite worker-health regulations and knowledge of preventive measures.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, July 1992, Vol.22, No.1, p.109-115. 24 ref.

CIS 92-1877 Riihimäki V., Kivistö H., Peltonen K., Helpiö E., Aitio A.
Assessment of exposure to carbon disulfide in viscose production workers from urinary 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid determinations
The follow-up of environmental carbon disulfide (CS2) exposure and urinary excretion of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) among 20 operatives over a four-day working week in two viscose producing factories confirmed earlier observations that TTCA is a sensitive and reliable indicator of exposure to CS2. Exposure to as low as 0.5-1.0ppm (1.6-3.2mg/m3) of CS2 was associated with detectable amounts of TTCA in urine. Approximately 3% (range 2-6.5%) of absorbed CS2 was detected in urine as TTCA. Consequently, urinary excretion of TTCA, relative to CS2 exposure, increased by about one-third during the working week. Urinary TTCA concentration of 4.5mmol/mol creatinine in a postshift sample corresponded to a TWA exposure to 10ppm CS2 towards the end of the working week.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, July 1992, Vol.22, No.1, p.85-97. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 92-1249 Stubb S., Heikkilä H., Reitamo S., Förström L.
Contact allergy to tioconazole
In 15 months, allergic patch test reactions to tioconazole in 14 patients were detected; 9 of the 14 patients were allergic to additional imidazole derivatives used as antifungal agents. The positive patch test reactions to tioconazole may have been caused either by simultaneous sensitisation or more probably by cross-reactivity between the various commercially used imidazole derivatives with a similar chemical structure. The abundant use of tioconazole in concentrated (up to 28%) topical formulations in Finland could be the major cause of the apparent increase in allergic reactions.
Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 1992, Vol.26, No.3, p.155-158. 3 ref.

CIS 92-945
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Isobenzan
Isobenzan, also called Telodrin, is highly toxic and very persistent. Although no longer manufactured, it may still be present in the original waste disposal sites or dredgings from contaminated sediments. Data on exposed humans are limited to studies on workers in a factory in the Netherlands during the manufacture and formulation of isobenzan; several cases of intoxication and convulsions were reported. The available information on the hazards of isobenzan is incomplete, but is sufficient to indicate that no human or environmental exposure to this substance should be allowed. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 62p. 88 ref. Price: CHF 10.00 (in developing countries: CHF 7.00).

CIS 92-573
Dutch Expert Committee for Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden)
Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit for piperazine
Evaluation of the health hazards of exposure to piperazine (based in part on the consensus report on piperazine by the Swedish National Board of Occupational Safety and Health). Attention is given to: identity, physical and chemical properties, monitoring; sources of exposure; environment levels and human exposure; guidelines and standards; toxicokinetics; effects in animals and man (acute toxicity, long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity); previous evaluations by (inter)national bodies; evaluation of human health risk. Analysis of the data available led to a recommended health-based occupational exposure limit for piperazine of 0.1mg/m3 (0.03ppm) as an 8-h TWA concentration. For short-term exposure a 15-min value of 0.3mg/m3 (0.1ppm) is recommended. Summary in Dutch.
Department of Social Affairs and Employment, Directorate-General of Labour (Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid, Directoraat-Generaal van de Arbeid), Postbus 90804, 2509 LV Den Haag, Netherlands, 1992. iii, 35p. Illus. 58 ref.

1991

CIS 07-1422
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Diquat - Health and safety guide
This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 39 (see CIS 86-214). Contents: identity and uses of diquat; human health hazards; health surveillance and first aid; safety in storage and use; environmental hazards; summary of chemical safety information for use in the workplace; current regulations and guidelines. Diquat is toxic and can be fatal if swallowed. It is irritating to the skin, eyes and respiratory system; concentrated material may cause blisters and affect nails.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 31p. Illus. 20 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg052.htm [in English]

CIS 07-1421
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Paraquat - Health and safety guide
This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 39 (see CIS 86-214). Contents: identity and uses of paraquat; human health hazards; health surveillance and first aid; safety in storage and use; environmental hazards; summary of chemical safety information for use in the workplace; current regulations and guidelines. Paraquat is highly toxic and often fatal if swallowed. Contact with liquid products can cause severe damage to the skin or eyes. Inhalation causes irritation of the respiratory system.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 36p. Illus. 20 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg051.htm [in English]

CIS 07-1397
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Isobenzan - Health and safety guide
This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 129 (see CIS 92-945). Contents: identity and uses of isobenzan (telodrin); human health hazards; health surveillance and first aid; safety in storage and use; environmental hazards; current regulations and guidelines. Although no longer manufactured, this organochlorine insecticide may still be present in the original waste disposal sites or dredgings from contaminated sediments. The substance is highly toxic and very persistent in the environment. Health hazards include poisoning by skin contact or dust inhalation and eye irritation.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 23p. Illus. 18 ref.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/hsg/hsg/hsg061.htm [in English]

CIS 00-942 Benzothiazol-2-thiol
Benzotiazol-2-tiol [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1183. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and skin absorption. Short-term exposure effects: eye irritation. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce dermatitis and skin sensitization.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 00-344 Amino-3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2 carboxylic acid
Acido amino-3,5,6-tricloropiridina-2-carboxílico [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1246. International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: may cause liver damage. Threshold limit value: 10mg/m3.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 98-1126 Strychnine
Estricnina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0197 (CIS 92-1117). International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: central nervous system; chemical hazards; convulsions; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; neurotoxic effects; respiratory insufficiency; Spain; storage; strychnine; threshold limit values; toxic substances; translation; waste disposal.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 98-68 Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol
Alcohol tetrahidrofurfurílico [in Spanish]
Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 1159. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; neurotoxic effects; Spain; storage; waste disposal.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1804 Warfarin
Warfarina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0821. International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; may cause hemorrhages. Long-term exposure effects: may have effects on the reproductive system. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.1ppm, 0.1mg/m3 (as TWA) (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 0.001mg/m3 (USSR 1988).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1802 Sodium dichloroisocyanurate
Trocloseno sódico [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0437. International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; corrosive effect on ingestion; pulmonary oedema; chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the lungs.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 97-1466 1,2,4-Triazole
1,2,4-Triazol [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0682. International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin. Data on the health effects of this substance are insufficient.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 96-2003 Dibenzothiazolyl disulfide
Disulfuro de di(benzotiazol-2-ilo) [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0505. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization. Data are insufficiently available on the health hazards of this substance.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 96-284 Kaloyanova F.P., El Batawi M.A.
Human toxicology of pesticides
This manual presents toxicological data on the following types of pesticides: organophosphorous compounds; carbamates; organochlorine compounds; synthetic pyrethroids; organotin compounds; organomercurial compounds; dithiocarbamates; benzimidazoles; chlorphenoxy compounds; and dipyridyls. Information provided includes: properties, uses, metabolism, toxicity (mechanisms of action), dose-effect relationship, effects on humans, and exposure prevention. Further chapters cover miscellaneous pesticides, health effects of combined exposure, epidemiology of acute pesticide intoxication and re-entry periods.
CRC Press Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W., Boca Raton, Florida 33431, USA, 1991. x, 196p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 104.00.

CIS 95-1612 Theophylline
Teofilina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0678. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; cardiovascular disorders; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1611 Tetrahydrothiophene
Tetrahidrotiofeno [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0677. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; liquid defats the skin.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1610 Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahidrofurano [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0578. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); narcotic effects. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; liquid defats the skin; may affect the liver and kidneys. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 200ppm, 590mg/m3 (TWA); 250ppm, 737mg/m3 (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 103mg/m3 (USSR 1984).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1603 Nicotine sulfate
Sulfato de nicotina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0520. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; respiratory insufficiency.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1772 Ghosh S.K., Gokani V.N., Doctor P.B., Parikh J.R., Kashyap S.K.
Intervention studies against "Green Symptoms" among Indian tobacco harvesters
The occurrence of "green symptoms" (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, prostration and weakness) and urinary excretion of nicotine and cotinine were examined among tobacco farmers on small farms in India. When gloves were worn during harvesting, most subjects reported a reduction in symptoms and urinary excretion rates of nicotine and cotinine were lower. When gloves, socks and boots were worn, excretion rates were significantly decreased and no symptoms were reported. The added protection offered by the socks and boots reduced the absorption of nicotine through the feet.
Archives of Environmental Health, Sep.-Oct. 1991, Vol.46, No.5, p.316-317. 7 ref.

CIS 95-1231 Pyrrolidinone
2-Pirrolidona [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0562. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; corrosive effects on the eyes; may cause eye injuries with permanent loss of vision.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 95-1214 Simazine
Simazina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0699. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; eye irritation; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; may affect the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system; may cause genetic damage in humans; may cause retarded development of the new-born.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1825 Nicotine tartrate
Dihidroditartrato de nicotina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0521. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; respiratory insufficiency.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1480 Coumaphos
Cumafos [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0422. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; neurotoxic effects; inhibition of cholinesterase. Long-term exposure effects: significant depletion of blood cholinesterase.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1636 Neuberger M., Landvoigt W., Derntl F.
Blood levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in chemical workers after chloracne and in comparison groups
A study was made of workers involved in the production of chlorophenoxy herbicides. Nine production workers with a history of chloracne from exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in 1971-1973 had a median level of 340pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) per gram blood lipid in 1990. This was significantly higher than blood levels in four controls without chloracne and no known exposure from the same plant and in 17 external controls. Results demonstrate that chloracne may be considered as a reliable indicator of heavy dioxin exposure.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1991, Vol.63, No.5, p.325-327. 13 ref.

CIS 94-1147 Cyanazine
Cianazina [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0391. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; eye irritation. Long-term exposure effects: may cause birth defects.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 94-1143 Cyclophosphamide
Ciclofosfamida [in Spanish]
Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0689. International chemical safety card. Short term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; may affect the kidneys, bladder, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, heart and blood. Long term exposure effects: dermatitis; human carcinogen; may cause heritable genetic damage; antifertility effects; may cause birth defects.
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 93-595 Taeger E., Mieck K.P., Banke K.H.
Application of polyozadiazole fibres for protective clothing
Anwendung von Polyoxadiozolfasern in der Arbeitsschutzbekleidung [in German]
The results of resistance tests of poly-p-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole (POD) fibres to heat, fire, water vapour, solvents, ultraviolet radiation, warm acids and alkaline substances are presented. The POD fibre is capable of resisting temperatures above 300°C for short periods of time and temperatures of 200°C and below for long periods of time. It is fire and solvent resistant. The possible applications of the fibres, such as in bag filters for flue gas cleaning or protective clothing, are outlined. In tests of the thermal insulating property of protective gloves made of the fibre, the POD gloves were comparable to those made of asbestos fibre.
Chemiefasern / Textil-Industrie, 1991, Vol.41, No.3, p.T28-T33. Illus. 16 ref.

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