Heterocyclic compounds - 575 entries found

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2000

CIS 03-335 Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update of the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws and for the analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Contents: update of the summary table on NIOSH analytical methods and new published analytical methods; update of the Law on Chemicals, of the Ordinance on prohibited chemicals and the Law on Dangerous Substances; updates of the following technical rules (TRGS): criteria applicable to certain specific processes and substances aimed at ensuring admissible levels in air over the long term (420) and fumigations (512); update of the Law on Protection against Immissions and corresponding Ordinances; update of Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances; Directive 91/155/EEC defining and laying down the detailed arrangements for the system of specific information relating to dangerous preparations; Directive 96/56/EC on the elimination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 54. Ergänzungslieferung, Nov. 2000. 264p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 03-277 Ryan J.J., Schecter A.
Exposure of Russian phenoxy herbicide producers to dioxins
Blood samples of workers who worked during the 1960s at a phenoxy herbicide plant in the Bashkortostan region of Russia were collected in 1992 and analysed by GC-MS. 34 workers who manufactured 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) had median blood lipid 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo p-dioxin (TCDD) concentrations of 166ng/kg and 1,2,3,7,8-pentachloro-p-dioxin (PnCDD) levels of 52ng/kg. These values are 10 to 30 times higher than contemporary normal levels from the Bashkortostan region and were at least 10-fold higher in the 1960s. Six workers who produced the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) also had elevated levels in 1992, with PnCDD levels higher than those of TCDD. Children of some of the workers and factory administrative personnel also had blood levels of TCDD higher than most general population groups from other parts of Russia or from other countries. No correlation was found between chloracne status in 1965 to 1967 and TCDD or toxic equivalent blood lipid concentrations in 1992. These phenoxy herbicide workers appear to have some the highest dioxins levels of any cohort studied to date.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 2000, Vol.42, No.9, p.861-870. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 02-1791 Pendergrass S.M., Krake A.M., Jaycox L.B.
Development of a versatile method for the detection of nicotine in air
Nicotine is present in environmental tobacco smoke and is used as a greenhouse insecticide. Exposure to nicotine can result in adverse health effects as nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, tachycardia, hypertension, convulsions and cardiac arrhythmia. This paper describes the development of an improved sampling and analytical methodology for nicotine, capable of accommodating the wide spread of nicotine levels and sampling requirements necessary to evaluate exposures among diverse occupational groups such as casino workers, airline flight attendants or greenhouse employees. A XAD-4 sorbent tube was selected for the collection of airborne nicotine. Analytical methodology for the separation, identification and quantification of nicotine by gas chromatography followed by either flame ionization detection or by nitrogen and phosphorous detection is described. This new method was published in the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods.
AIHA Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.61, No.4, p.469-472. Illus. 9 ref.

CIS 02-1143 Bonnard N., Brondeau M.T., Falcy M., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Serre P.
Triglycidyl isocyanurate
Isocyanurate de triglycidyle [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Acute toxicity: systemic effects (nausea, vomiting); neutropenia; irritation of the skin and ocular mucous membranes. Chronic toxicity: skin and respiratory sensitizing effects; possible carcinogenic effects and effects on reproduction. Exposure limits (USA ACGIH): TWA = 0.05mg/m³. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.615- 021-00-6; T, R46, R23/25, R41, R43, R48/22, R52/53, S53, S45, S61, 219-514-3. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 4p. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 02-1142 Brondeau M.T., Falcy M., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Serre P.
Ethidium bromide
Bromure d'éthidium [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Synonyms: 3,8-diamino-1-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium bromide 3,8-diamino-5-ethyl-6-phenylphenanthridinium bromide; 2,7-diamino-10-ethyl-9-phenylphenanthridinium bromide; homidium bromide. Toxicity: no published data; eye irritant; possible carcinogenic effect. Chronic toxicity: carcinogen; skin and nasal septum ulcers; renal damage (ingestion). EEC number: No. 214-984-6. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 4p. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 02-1104 Aminotriazole
Aminotriazole [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 84-1599. Synonyms: amitrole, 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole. Acute toxicity: digestive disorders; erythema in the case of cutaneous contact; cough and sputum which may be bloodstained. Chronic toxicity: no significant effect has been described. Exposure limit (USA, ACGIH 1987): TWA = 0.2mg/m³. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed. (2000), CD-ROM CD 613, 2001. 4p. 23 ref.

CIS 02-1096 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
N-Méthyl-2-pyrrolidone [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 86-1033. Synonyms: 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; NMP. Toxicity: no known case of acute or chronic toxicity; moderate erythema when repeatedly applied on skin; increases skin permeation of other substances. Exposure limits (Germany, MAK): TWA = 80mg/m³ (19ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.606-021-00-7; Xi, R36/38, S41, 212-828-1. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 02-1407.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM CD 613, 2002. 4p. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 02-774 Åkesson B., Jönsson B.A.G.
Biological monitoring of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone using 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in plasma and urine as the biomarker
To study the toxicokinetics of 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-pyrrolidone (5-HNMP) in blood and urine after exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and the suitability of 5-NMP as a biomarker for assessing the NMP exposure, six male volunteers were exposed for 8 hours to NMP concentrations of 0, 10, 25 and 50mg/m³. Blood and urine were sampled before, during, and up to 40 hours after the exposure. The plasma concentrations after 8-hour NMP exposure to 10, 25, and 50mg/m³ were 8.0, 19.6, and 44.4mmol/L, respectively, and the urinary concentrations for the 2 last hours of exposure were 17.7, 57.3 and 117.3mmol/mol creatinine, respectively. The 5-HNMP urinary concentrations were 58% of the calculated retained dose. There was a close correlation between plasma and urinary 5-HNMP with NMR exposure, making 5-HNMP suitable for monitoring exposure to NMP.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 2000, Vol.26, No.3, p.213-218. Illus. 14 ref.

CIS 02-80
Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry (ATSDR)
Toxicological profile for endosulfan (Update)
This profile was prepared in accordance with guidelines set by the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and the EPA. The key literature related to the toxic effects of endosulfan is identified and reviewed. Contents: public health statement; health effects; chemical and physical information; production, import, use and disposal; potential for human exposure; analytical methods; regulations and advisories; glossary. Health hazards include: neurotoxic effects (convulsions, tremor), respiratory effects (dyspnoea); genotoxic effects induced in animals. (Update of CIS 96-2214).
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology/Toxicology Information Branch, 1600 Clifton Road NE, E-29, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, Sep. 2000. xix, 284p. Illus. Approx. 680 ref.

CIS 02-340
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Proceedings of the subregional workshop on identification and management of dioxins/furans and PCBs
Papers presented at a workshop on the identification of dioxins, furans and PCBs held in Seoul, Republic of Korea, 24-28 July 2000. The aims of the workshop were to develop action plans and strategies for reducing or eliminating the releases of these chemicals, to identify regional needs and to plan cooperation and future actions in preparation of the future convention on persistent organic chemicals (POPs). The current state of negotiations concerning the global POP treaty was also addressed.
UNEP Chemicals, International Environmental House, 11-13 chemin des Anémones, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, 2000. iv, 387p. Illus.

CIS 01-1616 Paraquat
Paraquat [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 83-1029. Synonyms: 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridyldylium; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridilium. Acute toxicity: caustic lesions; renal, hepatic and suprarenal insufficiency; pulmonary fibrosis. Chronic toxicity: skin and ungual lesions; irritation of mucous membranes of the eye and the respiratory tract. Exposure limits (France, ACGIH 1987): TWA = 0.1mg/m³ for aerosols for which 25% of particles have a diameter lower or equal to 5µm. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM CD 613, June 2001. 4p. 20 ref.

CIS 01-1361
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Screening information data set SIDS for high production volume chemicals - Volume 6, Part 1
Ecotoxicological and toxicological (acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, effects on reproduction, genetic effects) data for the risk assessment of acetone, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) or azobisisobutyronitrile, hexamethylene glycol (1,6-hexanediol), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) and isocyanuric acid.
United Nations Environment Programme, Case postale 356, 1219 Châtelaine, Genève, Switzerland, June 2000. viii, 319p. Bibl.ref.
http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/volume6/part1/COVOL61.PDF [in English]

CIS 01-1143 Bohn S., Niederer M., Brehm K., Bircher A.J.
Airborne contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolone in wall paint. Abolition of symptoms by chemical allergen activation
Preservatives such as isothiazolinones in paints have been reported to cause airborne contact dermatitis. Cases from five patients who experienced acute dermatitis on air-exposed skin and respiratory symptoms after staying in recently painted rooms are reported. Kathon® (a mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone) added as preservative to the wall paint was identified as the causative agent. In one person, symptoms rapidly disappeared after treatment of the painted walls with sodium bisulfite which leads to inactivation of the allergenic properties of Kathon®. Chemical analyses of the decorating paints used and experiments on emission and air concentration of Kathon® from a painted surface before and after inactivation by sodium bisulfite are also described.
Contact Dermatitis, Apr. 2000, Vol.42, No.4, p.196-201. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 01-37 Brondeau M.T., Miraval S., Pillière F., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O.
1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone
1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone [in French]
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is mainly used as a monomer in the polymer industry for the production of pharmaceuticals, adhesives and cosmetics. Acute toxicity: irritation of the skin; erythema. French exposure limit: 0.1ppm (VME).
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 2000, No.179, p.121-124. 12 ref.
http://www.inrs.fr/dossiers/fichtox/ft235.pdf [in French]

CIS 01-133 Yonemoto J.
The effects of dioxin on reproduction and development
Review article. The developmental effects of dioxin are important because of the high sensitivity of mammals to the substance as well as the irreversibility and longevity of the effects. In animal experiments, exposure to dioxin during pregnancy and lactation induces various functional effects on offspring at very low doses. In humans, even if there is no exposure to dioxin after birth, there might be effects on thyroid function in infants exposed to dioxin from breast milk. In this report, low-dose developmental effects of dioxins on offspring in animal experiments, as well as in human studies, are reviewed. Dosimetry, dose-response models and approaches to health risk assessment are discussed.
Industrial Health, July 2000, Vol.38, No.3, p.259-268. Illus. 79 ref.

CIS 00-340 Strychnine
Estricnina [in Spanish]
Strychnine is a potent convulsant which can cause anoxia and cyanosis. Mean lethal dose for humans is 100 to 120mg. The use of personal protective equipment, including respirators, and the medical supervision of exposed workers are recommended. OSHA permissible exposure level: 0.15mg/m³.
Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 2000, Vol.62, No.4. insert 4p.

CIS 00-339 Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahidrofurano [in Spanish]
Tetrahydrofuran is an anaesthetic agent. It causes eye and respiratory tract irritation and can induce headache, nausea, vertigo and skin irritation. The use of personal protective equipment, including respirators, and the medical supervision of exposed workers are recommended. OSHA permissible exposure level: 590mg/m³.
Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 2000, Vol.62, No.4, insert 4p.

CIS 00-500 Pyrrole
Contents of this data sheet: hazards of pyrrole (highly flammable, fire and explosion risk, strong reaction with oxidizing compounds); physicochemical properties; precautions; fire fighting.
Fire Prevention, Feb. 2000, No.329, 2p. Insert. 9 ref.

1999

CIS 02-1080 Furan
Furanne [in French]
Furano [in Spanish]
International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and skin absorption. Short term exposure effects: irritation of the respiratory tract; delayed pulmonary oedema.
English/French versions: Internet documents, 1999. Spanish version: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus.
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsnfrn/nfrn1257.html [in French]
http://www.mtas.es/insht/ipcsnspn/nspn1257.htm [in Spanish]
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc12/icsc1257.pdf [in English]

CIS 01-1317 Flocoumafen
Flocoumafen [in French]
Flocoumafen [in Spanish]
International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Short term exposure effects: haematological effects (impairment of blood clotting); effects may be delayed. No TLV has been established.
On the Internet site http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/produ cts/icsc/index.htm ; Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p.

CIS 01-1124 Tuomisto J., Hagmar L.
Environmental health in the east Baltic region - Pesticides and persistent organic compounds
Exposure to, and the potential effects of, pesticides and persistent organic pollutants in the East Baltic region are reviewed. Exposure of the average population to chlorinated compounds seems lower than in most of western Europe and current pesticide use is very low. The low exposure of the general population is indicated by low concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in milk fat. However, some organic pesticides have been found at higher concentrations in Baltic countries and the St Petersburg area than in Norway. Thus the overall risk caused by pesticide residues and persistent organic compounds in the Baltic countries and northwestern Russia is low, but local sites of concern exist.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 1999, Vol.25, Suppl.3, p.65-71. Illus. 32 ref.

CIS 01-848 Solans Lampurlanés X., Gaynés Palau E.
Occupational exposure to drugs administered as aerosols. Ribavirin
Exposición ocupacional a medicamentos administrados en forma de aerosol. Ribavirina [in Spanish]
The dispensing of medicinal drugs in aerosol form (aerosol therapy) is increasingly widespread. Aimed at health care personnel, this information note concerns the dispensing of ribavirin, a synthetic triazo nucleoside which inhibits the replication of the syncytial respiratory virus. Contents include: action mode, indication and administration of ribavirin; toxic effects highlighted in human and animal studies; direct and indirect occupational exposure; exposure evaluation; exposure prevention (limiting the use, systems designed to avoid the dispersion and the diffusion of the aerosol, ventilation, exposure limitation and precautionary hygiene, personal protective equipment, information and training of personnel).
Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 4p. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 00-1669 Merget R., Topcu M., Friese K., Vormberg R., Fuchs T., Raulf-Heimsoth M., Breitstadt R.
A cross-sectional study of workers in the chemical industry with occupational exposure to hexamethylenetetramine
To assess the health effects of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) on the airways and skin of workers in the chemical industry, a cross-sectional study was performed with 17 employees of a HMT-producing chemical plant and 16 control subjects from the plant, as well as 4 subjects who had left the production for medical reasons. A high proportion of exposed subjects and controls reported symptoms during the previous year, most of them were not related to work. Work-related symptoms and objective parameters did not show differences between groups. No cases of sensitization to HMT as assessed by skin prick tests or patch tests were found. Among those who had left the HMT production for medical reasons, 2 former workers showed sensitization to HMT by patch tests. These reported eczema during exposure but lost symptoms after removal from exposure. High exposures to HMT may cause allergic contact dermatitis. There was no evidence of an increased risk for occupational asthma.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1999, Vol.72, No.8, p.533-538. Illus. 11 ref.

CIS 00-1087
Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS)
Metronidazole - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values
Metronidazole is an active substance used in the treatment of trichomoniasis. Additional lifetime cancer risk for metronidazole amounts to 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.12µg/m³, and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 12µg/m³. Main topics covered: carcinogenicity studies and selection of the study suitable for risk estimation in occupational situations; estimation of the potential risk of cancer under workplace exposure conditions on the basis of epidemiologic data; existing occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile. Summary in Dutch.
Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, 1999. 35p. 29 ref.

CIS 00-1080
Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS)
Azathioprine - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values
Azathioprine is an immunosupressant. Main tumours in human after treatment with azathioprine include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, squamous cell cancers of the skin, hepatobiliary carcinomas and mesenchymal tumours. Additional lifetime cancer risk for azathioprine amounts to 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.005mg/m³, and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.5mg/m³. Main topics covered: carcinogenicity studies and selection of the study suitable for risk estimation in occupational situations; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals, life-time low-dose exposure; health risk to humans; health risk to workers, calculation of the health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values; existing occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile (toxic effect: bone-marrow depression). Summary in Dutch.
Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, 1999. 32p. 11 ref.

CIS 00-1067 Collins J.J., Strauss M.E., Riordan S.G.
Mortalities of workers at the Nitro plant with exposure to 2-mercaptobenzothiazole
A cohort study of workers exposed to 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) at a rubber chemicals plant in Nitro (West Virginia) examines the mortalities of 1,059 full-time white male production workers employed at the plant from 1955 to 1977. A detailed exposure assessment was done on the 600 workers with exposure to MBT. It was found that MBT workers have expected rates of lung and prostate cancer. There was an excess of bladder cancer among MBT workers who had definite exposure to 4-aminobiphenyl (PAB), and MBT workers with potential exposure to PAB. However, there were no deaths from bladder cancer among workers with no exposure to PAB, although there were only 0.2 deaths expected. The potential confounding of exposure to PAB an unknown portion of in the MBT workers makes it impossible to evaluate risk of bladder cancer in this population at this time. However, exposure to MBT does not seem to increase the risk of most cancers including cancers of the lung and prostate.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1999, Vol.56, No.10, p.667-671. Illus. 17 ref.

CIS 00-804 Majamaa H., Roto P., Vaalasti A.
Airborne occupational hypersensitivity to isothiazolinones in a papermaking technician
Topics: allergens; biocides; case study; dermatitis; eczema; eyes; hypersensitivity; isothiazolinones; pulp and paper industry; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin tests.
Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.220. Illus. 10 ref.

CIS 00-654 Bégin D., Gérin M.
Substitution of solvents by N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
La substitution des solvants par la N-méthyl-2-pyrrolidone [in French]
Methylpyrrolidinone is a solvent mainly used in the electronics industry for the manufacture of semiconductors. This publication presents a concise and critical overview of current knowledge relating to the occupational safety and health, environmental and technical aspects of this solvent. Methylpyrrolidinone is an irritant that is readily absorbed by the skin and that can give rise to contact dermatitis. In Germany, the legal exposure limit has been set at 20ppm for an 8-hour period. In view of its developmental toxicity, the AIHA recommends to limit the exposure to 10ppm weighted over 8 hours.
Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail du Québec (IRSST), 505 boul. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal (Québec) H3A 3C2, Canada, June 1999. 59p. 211 ref.

CIS 00-471 Calvert G.M., Sweeney M.H., Deddens J., Wall D.K.
Evaluation of diabetes mellitus, serum glucose, and thyroid function among United States workers exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
A cross-sectional study of workers employed >15 years earlier in the manufacturing of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol or one of its derivatives at two United States chemical plants was conducted. The control group consisted of people with no occupational exposure to phenoxy herbicides and were recruited from the neighbourhoods where the workers lived. A total of 281 workers and 260 unexposed controls participated. Overall, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was not significantly different between the workers and controls. Also, there was not a significant positive trend between prevalence of diabetes and increasing serum 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) concentration. However, diabetes was found in six of ten workers. After excluding subjects being treated for diabetes, workers in the group with the highest extrapolated half-life TCDD concentrations had a significantly increased adjusted mean serum glucose concentration compared with controls. Workers were also found to have a significantly higher adjusted mean free thyroxine index than the controls, especially among workers in the group with the highest extrapolated half-life TCDD concentrations. However, no evidence was found for the relationship between exposure to TCDD and an increased risk of thyroid disease.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.56, No.4, p.270-276. 21 ref.

CIS 00-155 Lindgren T., Willers S., Skarping G., Norbäck D.
Urinary cotinine concentration in flight attendants, in relation to exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during intercontinental flights
24 cabin attendants (C/A) and one pilot, all non-smokers and without exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home, were studied in order to measure and compare urinary cotinine concentration (U-cotinine) before, during and after work on intercontinental flights with exposure to ETS. Information on age, gender and occupation was gathered, as well as possible sources of ETS exposure in other places, outside work and during previous flights, during a 3-day period prior to the investigation. Urine samples were taken before departure, on board, and after landing. The median U-cotonine was 3.71µg/g crea before departure and 6.37µg/g crea after landing. Tobacco smoking in commercial aircraft may cause significant exposure to ETS among C/A working in the aft galley, despite high air exchange rates and spatial separation between smokers and non-smokers. Since smoking in commercial aircraft may result in an involuntary exposure to ETS among non-smokers, it should be avoided.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1999, Vol.72, No.7, p.475-479. 35 ref.

CIS 99-1956 Bergendorff O., Wallengren J.
4-Vinylpyridine-induced dermatitis in a laboratory worker
Topics: allergens; pyridine; case study; dermatitis; laboratory work; pyridine and derivatives; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin tests.
Contact Dermatitis, May 1999, Vol.40, No.5, p.280-281. 12 ref.

CIS 99-1931 Cooper S.M., Shaw S.
Occupational hand dermatitis due to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in the water-softener manufacturing industry
Case report of a man who developed vesicular hand dermatitis after starting work in a factory assembling water-softeners. He worked with Proxel GXL, a preservative for the membranes of the water-softeners, which he diluted without using gloves or other protective clothing. Patch testing identified 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in Proxel GXL asthe allergen. The case highlights the problems a worker can experience due to lack of information and poor working practices. Topics: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; biocides; case study; hand; skin tests; vesicular contact dermatitis; water softeners.
Contact Dermatitis, Apr. 1999, Vol.40, No.4, p.221. 4 ref.

CIS 99-1269 Craven N.M., Bhushan M., Beck M.H.
Sensitization to triglycidyl isocyanurate, epoxy resins and acrylates in a developmental chemist
Topics: acrylates; triglycidyl isocyanurate; case study; eczema; epoxy resins; laboratory work; printing inks; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin tests.
Contact Dermatitis, Jan. 1999, Vol.40, No.1, p.54-55. 5 ref.

CIS 99-909 Ayadi M., Martin P.
Pulpitis of the fingers from a shoe glue containing 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT)
Topics: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; adhesives; case study; fingers; irritants; natural rubber; shoe industry; skin allergies; skin microtrauma; skin tests.
Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1999, Vol.40, No.2, p.115-116. 16 ref.

1998

CIS 02-861 Analysis of dangerous substances
Gefahrstoff-Analytik [in German]
Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for the analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: characteristics of NIOSH analytical methods for various chemicals; list of toxic substances; list of organizations qualified for conducting measurements related to the toxic substances ordinance; threshold limit values at the workplace; permissible levels of biological indicators of workplace exposure; list of carcinogens, mutagens and substances that are toxic to reproductive health; list of German technical rules for dangerous substances (TRGS).
Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 46. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1998. 230p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 00-1091 Becher H., Flesch-Janys D., Gurn P., Steindorf K.
Assessment of the cancer risk from exposure to dioxins
Krebsrisikoabschätzung für Dioxine [in German]
The cancer risk of the general population in Germany due to a lifetime exposure to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) in concentrations found in the environment today was assessed. The data of a case control study of the cancer mortality among workers in a chemical plant in Hamburg, Germany, with high exposure to PCDD/PCDF were used as a base. The case-control study yielded a nearly linear dose-response relationship between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or the toxicity equivalent TEQ in pg/kg blood fat and cancer. In the study the cancer mortality among 1,189 chemical workers and the involved exposure doses were determined and compared with a control group of 2,518 workers in a gas company. For ambient concentrations of TCDD of 8.7fg/m³ in metropolitan areas and 1.3fg/m³ in rural areas an average cancer risk for the population in Germany of 1.7 cases per million was derived.
Umweltbundesamt, Postfach 33 00 22, 14191 Berlin, Germany, 1998. 261p. Illus. Bibl.ref.

CIS 99-1300
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans
Summaries in French and Spanish. Topics: brominated dibenzodioxins; brominated dibenzofurans; criteria document; ecotoxicology; flame retardants; ILO; IPCS; irritants; literature survey; skin absorption; toxic effects; toxicology; UNEP; WHO.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. xxi, 303p. approx. 450 ref. Price: CHF 66.00 (CHF 46.20 in developing countries).

CIS 99-1094 Piperazine dihydrochloride
Topics: asthma; piperazine dihydrochloride; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire hazards; first aid; glossary; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; skin allergies; storage; threshold limit values; USA.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 99-956 Willcocks D., Onyon L., Jenkins C., Diver B.
Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Triglycidyl isocyanurate
Summaries in French and in Spanish. Topics: triglycidyl isocyanurate; criteria document; ecotoxicology; eye irritation; first aid; IPCS; limitation of exposure; literature survey; mutagens; sensitization dermatitis; sensitization; toxic effects; toxicology.
World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. iv, 21p. 71 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries).
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad08.pdf [in English]

CIS 99-945
Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden)
Ronidazole - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity
Summary in Dutch. Topics: ronidazole; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology.
Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 33p. 16 ref.

CIS 99-554 Phillips K., Bentley M.C., Howard D.A., Alván G.
Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for nonsmokers in Prague using personal monitoring
Air samples were collected from the breathing zone of nonsmokers wearing personal monitors for 24h. Samples were analysed for respirable suspended particles, nicotine, 3-ethenylpyridine and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) particles. Saliva cotinine analyses were also undertaken to confirm the nonsmoking status of the subjects. Highest exposures were apparent for office workers both working and living in smoking environments. Findings suggest a significant contribution to overall ETS particle and nicotine levels from the workplace where smoking takes place. Topics: airborne dust; cotinine; nicotine; Czech Republic; determination in air; determination in saliva; exposure evaluation; passive smoking; personal sampling; respirable dust.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.379-390. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 99-575 Mignot G., Brault A., Caubet A., Gendre J.C., Anger J.P., Curtès J.P.
Study of the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran used as solvent for glues in the PVC door and window frame industry
Etude dans l'industrie de la menuiserie PVC de la toxicité du tétrahydrofurane utilisé comme solvant dans les colles [in French]
Topics: adhesives; tetrahydrofuran; determination in blood; determination in urine; epidemiologic study; functional digestive disorders; irritation; neurological effects; neuropsychic effects; neurovegetative disorders; organic solvents; plastics industry; respiratory diseases; toxic effects; transaminases; transpeptidases; visual function disorders.
Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.84-91. Illus. 7 ref.

CIS 99-247
Health and Safety Executive
Control of exposure to triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) in coating powders
Topics: triglycidyl isocyanurate; data sheet; determination in air; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; irritants; legislation; limitation of exposure; powder coating; protective clothing; sensitization; United Kingdom.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 4p. 8 ref.

CIS 98-1352 Menzel H.M., Bolm-Audorff U., Turcer E., Bienfait H.G., Albracht G., Walter D., Emmel C., Knecht U., Päpke O.
Occupational exposure to dioxins by thermal oxygen cutting, welding, and soldering of metals
Topics: chlorinated dibenzodioxins; chlorinated dibenzofurans; demolition; determination in air; determination in blood; dioxins; exposure evaluation; gas cutting; Germany; job-exposure relation; personal sampling; scrap metal processing; soldering and brazing; threshold limit values; welding and cutting.
Environmental Health Perspectives, Apr. 1998, Vol.106, Suppl.2, p.715-722. Illus. 23 ref.

1997

CIS 01-662 Tetrahydrofuran
Tétrahydrofurane [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 91-402. Acute toxicity: irritation of ocular and respiratory tract mucous membranes; headache; skin rashes. Chronic toxicity: irritant skin diseases; neurological effects (similar to those caused by alcohol consumption, vertigo, narcotic syndrome). Exposure limit (France): TWA = 590mg/m³ (200ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.603-025-00-0; F, Xi, R11, R19, R36/37, S16, S29, S33, 203-726-8. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 99-1631 Stockmann R., Hahn J.U., Lichtenstein N., Nies E., Pflaumbaum W., Böckler M., Boveleth W., Dahmann D., Erhard H., Gerbert J., Neumann H.D., Schick W., Thamm H.
Dioxins at the workplace
Dioxine am Arbeitsplatz [in German]
Summaries in English, French and Spanish. Topics: coking plants; dioxins; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; furan derivatives; garbage incineration; plastics industry; recycling of materials; toxic effects.
Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Oct. 1997. 165p. Illus. 110 ref.

CIS 99-1248 Castro-Gutiérrez N., McConnell R., Andersson K., Pacheco-Antón F., Hogstedt C.
Respiratory symptoms, spirometry and chronic occupational paraquat exposure
In a study of 134 workers exposed to paraquat at 15 Nicaraguan banana plantations, 53% reported having experienced a skin rash or burn resulting from paraquat exposure, 25% reported epistaxis, 58% nail damage and 42% paraquat splashed in the eyes. There was a consistent dose-response relationship between intensity of exposure and the prevalence of dyspnoea. There was a three-fold increase in episodic wheezing accompanied by shortness of breath among the more intensely exposed workers. The high prevalence of respiratory symptoms associated with paraquat exposure, in the absence of spirometric abnormalities, could be a result of unmeasured gas exchange abnormalities among workers with long-term exposure to paraquat. Topics: chemical burns; crop protection; cross-sectional study; dose-response relationship; dyspnoea; functional respiratory disorders; long-term exposure; nail diseases; Nicaragua; paraquat; plantations; respiratory diseases; skin eruption; ventilatory capacity.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.6, p.421-427. 55 ref.

CIS 99-942
Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden)
Piperidine - Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit
Summary in Dutch. Topics: piperidine; criteria document; hormone secretion; irritants; Netherlands; neurotoxic effects; threshold limit values; toxicity evaluation; toxicology.
Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1997. 47p. 28 ref.

CIS 98-1348 Wesseling C., Hogstedt C., Picado A., Johansson L.
Unintentional fatal paraquat poisonings among agricultural workers in Costa Rica: Report of 15 cases
Topics: agricultural operations; case study; Costa Rica; crop protection; fatalities; functional respiratory disorders; hepatic damage; ingestion; inhalation; myocardial damage; neurotoxic effects; paraquat; pesticide poisoning; pulmonary oedema; renal damage; skin absorption.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1997, Vol.32, No.5, p.433-441. 36 ref.

CIS 98-1327 Kogevinas M., Becher H., Benn T., Bertazzi P.A., Boffetta P., Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B., Coggon D., Colin D., Flesch-Janys D., Fingerhut M., Green L., Kauppinen T., Littorin M., Lynge E., Mathews J.D., Neuberger M., Pearce N., Saracci R.
Cancer mortality in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and dioxins: An expanded and updated international cohort study
Topics: cancer; tetrachlorodibenzodioxin; chlorophenols; cohort study; dioxins; exposure evaluation; herbicides; IARC; length of exposure; lymphoma; mortality; neoplasms; pesticide production; pesticide spraying; sarcomas.
American Journal of Epidemiology, 15 June, 1997, Vol.145, No.12, p.1061-1075. Illus. 54 ref.

CIS 98-1303 Hervé-Bazin B.
Proposal for an occupational exposure limit for N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP)
Proposition d'une valeur limite d'exposition professionnelle à la N-méthylpyrrolidinone (NMP) [in French]
Topics: acute toxicity; methylpyrrolidinone; chronic toxicity; irritants; limitation of exposure; skin absorption; threshold limit values; toxic effects; toxicity evaluation; toxicology.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1997, No.168, p.507-514. Illus. 28 ref.

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