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Halogens and their inorganic compounds - 653 entries found

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  • Halogens and their inorganic compounds

1999

CIS 00-179 Radon K., Nowak D., Heinrich-Ramm R., Szadokwski D.
Respiratory health and fluoride exposure in different parts of the modern primary aluminium industry
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 78 potroom workers, 24 foundry workers, 45 carbon-plant workers and 56 control workers (watchmen, craftsmen, office workers, laboratory employees) of a modern aluminium plant to investigate possible acute and long-term respiratory health effects of work at different working places. The survey consisted of pre- and postshift spirometric and urinary fluoride measurements. In a multiple regression model a small but significant negative correlation was found between postshift urinary fluoride concentrations and forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1, and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Across-shift spirometric changes were observed only in FVC among carbon-plant workers. The results suggest that lung function impairment in the modern primary aluminium industry may be only partly due to fluoride exposure and that working in aluminium carbon plants may cause acute lung function changes.
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Aug. 1999, Vol.72, No.5, p.297-303. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 00-35 Selenium hexafluoride
Hexafluoruro de selenio [in Spanish]
Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Exposure limit (OSHA): 0.4mg/m3. Health hazards: irritation by inhalation or by skin or eye contact. Induces strong irritation of the respiratory tract in animals.
Noticias de seguridad, Oct. 1999, Vol.61, No.10, 3p. Insert.

CIS 99-1792 Phosphorus pentachloride
Pentacloruro de fósforo [in Spanish]
Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Topics: bronchitis; phosphorus pentachloride; chemical burns; data sheet; delayed effects; determination in air; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; irritants; limitation of exposure; lung diseases; medical supervision; personal protective equipment; pulmonary oedema; renal damage; respirators; skin absorption; USA; waste disposal.
Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 1999, Vol.61, No.3, 4p. Insert.

CIS 99-2008 Hartwig S.
Risk analysis as a tool in safety planning using heavy gases and chlorine as examples
Die Risikoanalyse als Hilfe für Sicherheitsentscheidungen gezeigt am Beispiel schwerer Gase und des Chlorstoffzyklus [in German]
A procedure is presented for determining the probability of an explosion or inadvertent release of a dangerous or harmful substance and the severity of the effects caused by the event. It takes into consideration production, processing and storage as well as road, rail, water and pipeline transport of a dangerous or harmful substance. Based on past experience, 20 heavy gases which are most widely used in industrial production in Germany were selected as examples, and the probability of them being involved in a serious accident was determined and compared. Chlorine was used in further risk analyses to identify weak spots and the most efficient preventive measures. Topics: chlorine; dangerous substances; explosion hazards; gases; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; industrial gases; major hazards; safety planning; toxic gases.
Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 1999, 148p. Illus. 178 ref. Index. Price: DEM 56.00.

CIS 99-1266 Romundstad P., Haldorsen T., Rønneberg A.
Exposure to PAH and fluoride in aluminum reduction plants in Norway: Historical estimation of exposure using process parameters and industrial hygiene measurements
A methodology for the historical estimation of exposure to fluoride and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) at two Norwegian aluminium smelters is described. Area concentrations of fluoride and PAH in periods with no measurements were estimated and relationships between measured area concentrations and process parameters were investigated by statistical modelling. Process parameters and the models were then used to estimate area concentrations in periods lacking area measurement data. The relationships between the area measurements and job specific exposure (personal measurements) were investigated by use of a measurement model. Finally, the relationships obtained were used to estimate job specific exposure in different periods. Despite limitations of available measurements in the early production period, the exposure estimates from this study provide a reasonable tool for the estimation of dose-response relations in subsequent epidemiological analyses. Topics: aluminium industry; aromatic hydrocarbons; description of technique; determination in air; exposure evaluation; fluorides; job-exposure relation; mathematical models; personal sampling; polycyclic hydrocarbons.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1999, Vol.35, No.2, p.164-174. 13 ref.

CIS 99-961
Health and Safety Executive
Safe handling of chlorine from drums and cylinders
Replaces previous edition (CIS 88-1641). Topics: alarm systems; chlorine; choice of location; drum handling; emergency organization; first aid; gas cylinders; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; inspection; leak detection; legislation; liquefied gases; materials handling; piping; pressure vessels and systems; preventive maintenance; respirators; safety by design; safety guides; toxic effects; United Kingdom; valves; vaporizers; ventilation.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. vi, 92p. Illus. 81 ref. Price: GBP 14.00.

CIS 99-959
Health and Safety Executive
Safety advice for bulk chlorine installations
Replaces previous edition (CIS 87-1015). Topics: alarm systems; bulk materials handling; chlorine; choice of location; emergency organization; first aid; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; inspection; leak detection; legislation; liquefied gases; loading and unloading; piping; pressure vessels and systems; preventive maintenance; protection against overpressure; respirators; safe layout; safety guides; storage tanks; toxic effects; transfer of liquids; United Kingdom; valves; vaporizers.
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. viii, 120p. Illus. 93 ref. Price: GBP 14.00.

1998

CIS 02-1062 Falcy M., Hesbert A., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Serre P.
Lead and its inorganic compounds
Plomb et ses composés minéraux [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. CD-ROM version of the document already analysed as CIS 99-1783. Acute toxicity: digestive disorders; haemolytic anaemia; cytologic hepatic damage; neurological effects (intracraneal hypertension and convulsive coma) which may leave sequelae. Chronic toxicity: haematological effects (anaemia); effects on the digestive tract (deposits of lead); neurological effects (convulsive coma, sensitive-motor neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis); renal damage; high blood pressure; bone damage; effects on reproduction; carcinogenic effects (lung and stomach cancer). Exposure limits (France): 150µg/m3 (mean value over 40 hours expressed as lead). EC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.231-100-4 (lead), No.082-001-00-6 (lead monoxide); T, R61, R62, R20/22, R33, S53, S45, 215-267-0 (lead monoxide). The complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM has been analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. 8p. Illus. 38 ref.

CIS 01-1134 Hecht G., Héry M., Subra I., Aubert S., Gerber J.M., Hubert J., Oury V., Dieudonné M.
Exposure to chloramine during the treatment of fresh vegetables intended for immediate use
Exposition aux chloramines lors du conditionnement des légumes frais prêts à l'emploi [in French]
The preparation of fresh vegetables for sale to the public is of increasing importance in the food industry, currently growing at an annual rate of about 10%. In order to ensure that the products supplied are safe for consumption, the vegetables are disinfected in chlorinated water prior to packaging. Atmospheric concentration of chlorine or its derivatives was measured in six vegetable packing establishments. Most of the pollution was in the form of mono- and dichloramines, and to a lesser extent nitrogen trichloride. The study also revealed higher pollution levels in firms which used recycled water.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 4th Quarter 1998, No.173, p.381-387. Illus. 8 ref.

CIS 01-488 Oury V., Peltier A.
Sampling and determination of chlorine dioxide by specific trapping: Development of a method applicable to workplace atmospheres
Prélèvement et dosage du dioxyde de chlore par piégeage spécifique: mise au point d'une méthode applicable aux ambiances de travail [in French]
Laboratory tests led to the selection of a chlorine dioxide trapping method that makes workplace measurements easier: the sampling filter is impregnated with triethanolamine, with immediate desorption of the filter in water. The resulting solution can be analysed up to three or four weeks later, by ion exchange chromatography. This sampling method has been made available to the occupational risk prevention departments of the French regional health insurance funds, which are required to monitor work stations where chlorine dioxide is used as a disinfectant. The method may also be used in the presence of other chlorine derivatives, by adding specific traps.
Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, Note No.2081-172-98, p.233-242. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 00-795 Massin N., Bohadana A.B., Wild P., Héry M., Toamain J.P., Hubert G.
Respiratory symptoms and bronchial responsiveness in lifeguards exposed to nitrogen trichloride in indoor swimming pools
The objective of the study was to measure the levels of exposure to nitrogen trichloride (NCl3) in the atmosphere of indoor swimming pools and to examine how they relate to irritant and chronic respiratory symptoms, indices of pulmonary function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in lifeguards working in the pools. 334 lifeguards recruited from 46 public swimming pools and 17 leisure centre swimming pools were examined. Mean NCl3 concentrations were greater in leisure than in public pools. A significant concentration-response relation was found between irritant eye, nasal and throat symptoms - but not chronic respiratory symptoms - and exposure concentrations. The data show that lifeguards exposed to NCl3 in indoor swimming pools are at risk of developing irritant eye, nose and throat symptoms. Exposure to NCl3 does not seem to carry the risk of developing permanent bronchial hyperresponsiveness, but this association might have been influenced by self selection.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1998, Vol.55, No.4, p.258-263. 22 ref.

CIS 99-1431 Sodium fluoride
Topics: bronchitis; sodium fluoride; colic; convulsions; data sheet; delayed effects; diarrhoea; dyspnoea; elimination of spills; fire hazards; first aid; glossary; health hazards; irritants; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; nephrotoxic effects; neuromuscular disorders; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; skeletal fluorosis; storage; teratogenic effects; threshold limit values; tremor; USA; vomiting.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 99-1263 Loughney E., Harrison J.
Irritant contact dermatitis due to 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin in a hydrotherapy pool. Risk assessments: The need for continuous evidence-based assessments
A physiotherapist working in hydrotherapy presented with irritant contact dermatitis. Subsequent investigation revealed that the likely causative agent was 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin which was used to disinfect the hydrotherapy pool. A risk assessment had been performed which failed to take full account of current knowledge and this agent had been introduced into the workplace. The development of adverse health effects among staff and other pool users led to a review of the risk assessment and eventually a return to less hazardous chlorine-based disinfection. Had an evidence-based approach been combined with an appropriate assessment prior to and following changes in the workplace then unnecessary risk to employees would not have occurred. Topics: bromine and compounds; case study; dermatitis; disinfectants; eczema; hazard evaluation; health care personnel; irritation.
Occupational Medicine, Oct. 1998, Vol.48, No.7, p.461-463. 7 ref.

CIS 99-1102 Lead iodide
Topics: anaemia; antifertility effects; brain injuries; lead iodide; colic; cramps; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire hazards; first aid; glossary; health hazards; hypertension; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; migraine; nephrotoxic effects; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; sleep disturbances; storage; threshold limit values; USA; vomiting.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 99-1097 Potassium fluoride
Topics: potassium fluoride; caustic substances; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire hazards; first aid; glossary; health hazards; irritants; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; storage; threshold limit values; USA.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 99-1096 Potassium chlorate
Topics: potassium chlorate; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire hazards; first aid; glossary; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; methaemoglobinaemia; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; storage; USA.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 99-852 Massin N., Toamain J.P., Bohadana A., Héry M., Wild P.
Swimming instructors and life guards: A high rate of ocular and respiratory irritation signs
Maîtres nageurs: un taux élevé de signes d'irritations oculaires et respiratoires [in French]
Topics: chlorine and compounds; chronic respiratory diseases; exposure evaluation; eye irritation; irritants; maximal expiratory flow; nitrogen chlorides; nitrogen trichloride; questionnaire survey; swimming pools; ventilatory capacity.
Travail et sécurité, May 1998, No.572, p.36-39. Illus.

CIS 99-178 AbuDhaise B.A., AbuOmar N.I.
Phosphate fertilizer industry in Jordan: Assessment of environmental exposure to phosphate dust and fluoride
Topics: air sampling; airborne dust; exposure evaluation; fertilizer industry; fluorides; gaseous effluents; Jordan; personal sampling; phosphates; sampling and analysis; superphosphates.
Fluoride, Aug. 1998, Vol.31, No.3, p.137-142. Illus. 12 ref.

CIS 98-1420
Health and Safety Executive, Health and Safety Laboratory
Hydrogen fluoride and fluorides in air - Laboratory method using an ion selective electrode or ion chromatography
Topics: hydrofluoric acid; data sheet; description of equipment; description of technique; determination in air; first aid; fluorides; health hazards; ion chromatography; permissible levels; sampling and analysis; United Kingdom.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., Apr. 1998. 16p. 30 ref. Price: GBP 12.00.

CIS 98-1159 Ferrous chloride
Topics: ferrous chloride; caustic substances; chemical burns; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; gastric disorders; health hazards; hepatic damage; irritation; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; respirators; storage; threshold limit values; USA; waste disposal.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 98-1155 Beryllium fluoride
Topics: beryllium fluoride; bronchitis; carcinogens; chemical burns; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; functional heart disorders; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; lung cancer; lung diseases; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; pneumonia; respirators; respiratory impairment; storage; threshold limit values; ulceration of the skin; USA; waste disposal.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 98-1154 Beryllium chloride
Topics: beryllium chloride; bronchitis; carcinogens; chemical burns; data sheet; elimination of spills; embryotoxic effects; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; functional heart disorders; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; lung cancer; lung diseases; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; pneumonia; respirators; respiratory impairment; storage; threshold limit values; ulceration of the skin; USA; waste disposal.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 98-1147 Antimony pentachloride
Topics: antimony pentachloride; caustic substances; chemical burns; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; gastric disorders; health hazards; heart diseases; hepatic damage; irritation; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; renal damage; respirators; respiratory impairment; skin absorption; storage; threshold limit values; ulceration of the nasal mucosa; USA; waste disposal.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1998. 6p.

CIS 98-880
Health and Safety Executive
Storage and use of sodium chlorate and other similar strong oxidants
Topics: sodium chlorate; chlorates; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; fire protection; fire resisting structures; handling and storage; legislation; oxidizing substances; packaging materials; sources of ignition; United Kingdom.
HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 4th ed., Feb. 1998. 4p. 7 ref. Price: GBP 4.50.

CIS 98-424 Perchloryl fluoride
Fluoruro perclorílico [in Spanish]
Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Topics: perchloryl fluoride; chemical burns; cyanogenic effects; data sheet; delayed effects; determination in air; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hypoxia; irritation; limitation of exposure; lung diseases; medical supervision; methaemoglobinaemia; personal protective equipment; pulmonary oedema; respirators; USA; waste disposal.
Noticias de seguridad, June 1998, Vol.60, No.6. 4p. Insert.

1997

CIS 02-1063 Cadmium and its inorganic compounds
Cadmium et ses composés minéraux [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 91-1435. Acute toxicity: strong emetic; renal damage; irritation of the respiratory tract; delayed symptoms; pulmonary oedema. Chronic toxicity: nephrotoxic effects; respiratory diseases (emphysema); bone diseases; lung and bronchial; staining of the teeth; effects on reproduction. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 0.05mg/m3; ceiling value = 0.05mg/m3 (cadmium oxide). EC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.048-010-00-5 (cadmium compounds), No.048-001-00-4 (cadmium sulfide), No.048-002-00-0 (cadmium oxide); T, R22, R40, R48/23/25, S22, S36/37, S45, 215-147-8 (cadmium sulfide); T, R49, R22, R48/23/25, S53, S45, 215-146-2 (cadmium oxide). The complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM has been analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 6p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 02-552 Mercury and its mineral compounds
Mercure et composés minéraux [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 90-45. Acute toxicity: skin absorption; respiratory tract irritation; encephalopathy; renal damage. Chronic toxicity: mercury poisoning; tremor; peripheral neurological disorders; loss of teeth; mercurialentis; eczematous dermatosis; sensitization; chromosome changes and spontaneous abortions. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 0.05mg/m3 (mercury vapour); 0.1mg Hg/m3 (inorganic compounds). EEC numbers and mandatory labelling codes: No.080-001-00-0; T; R23, R33, S7, S45, 231-106-7 (mercury); No.080-003-00-1; T+; R28, R34, R48/24/25, S36/37/39, S45, 231-299-8 (mercury dichloride). The complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM has been analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 6p. Illus. 36 ref.

CIS 01-344 Hydrogen chloride and aqueous solutions
Chlorure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1804. Acute toxicity: irritation of eye and respiratory mucous membranes; caustic skin and eye lesions; metabolic acidosis. Chronic toxicity: dermatosis; gingivostomatitis and dental erosion; nasal ulcer leading to chronic bronchitis. Exposure limits: TWA = 5ppm (EC); ceiling value = 10ppm (EC); 5ppm (7.5mg/m3) (France). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.017-002-00-2 (anhydrous hydrogen chloride), No.017-002-01-X (aqueous solutions); C, R34, R37, S26, S45, 231-595-7.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 24 ref.

CIS 01-337 Hydrogen fluoride and aqueous solutions
Fluorure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1806. Acute toxicity: severe skin and eye burns; caustic digestive ulcerations. Chronic toxicity: skin and eye irritation; hypermineralization (skeletal fluorosis). Exposure limits (France): ceiling value = 3ppm (2.5mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.009-002-00-6 (anhydrous hydrogen fluoride), No.009-0033-00-1 (aqueous solutions); T+, C, R26/27/28, R35, S7/9, S36/37, S45, 231-634-8.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 6p. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 00-494
Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry (ATSDR)
Toxicological profile for titanium tetrachloride
Topics: titanium tetrachloride; caustic substances; chemical burns; criteria document; exposure evaluation; eye injuries; glossary; health hazards; limitation of exposure; literature survey; lung deposition; pneumonia; toxic effects; toxicity evaluation; toxicology; USA.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology/Toxicology Information Branch, 1600 Clifton Road NE, E-29, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, Sep. 1997. xvii, 109p. Illus. 128 ref.

CIS 99-560 Nishio Y., Kamada Y., Kitahara K.
Two cases of severe ocular chemical injuries
Kogyoseihin niyoru ganfushoku no nirei [in Japanese]
Summary in English. Two cases of severe ocular chemical injury are described. In one, a man sustained injury to the right eye after exposure to concentrated sulfuric acid. Despite conventional treatment for ocular acid burns secondary glaucoma developed, which was effectively treated by trabulectomy. The excised tissues revealed nearly complete necrosis. The second case involved hydrofluoric acid burns to both eyes. Corneal opacity increased and secondary glaucoma developed, which was treated by operation 4 weeks after the accident. Topical administration of calcium gluconate solution was also started. The cornea improved slightly after treatment. The cases illustrate that both conventional treatment and surgery may improve outcome in severe ocular chemical injury. Topics: hydrofluoric acid; case study; chemical burns; eye injuries; glaucoma; sulfuric acid.
Japanese Journal of Traumatology and Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1997, Vol.45, No.7, p.470-474. Illus. 13 ref.

CIS 99-605 Lundberg P.
Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards XVIII
Vetenskapligt Underlag för Hygieniska Gränsvärden 18 [in Swedish]
This volume consists of the consensus reports submitted by the Criteria Group at the Swedish National Institute for Working Life between July 1996 and June 1997. Topics: 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; platinum chloride; potassium tetrachloroplatinate; ethoxyethoxyethanol; ethoxyethoxyethyl acetate; manganese dioxide; trimanganese tetraoxide; platinum tetrachloride; methyl cyanoacrylate; ammonium tetrachloroplatinate; ammonium hexachloroplatinate; potassium hexachloroplatinate; sodium hexachloroplatinate; hexachloroplatinic acid; potassium aluminium fluoride; ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate; manganese chloride; criteria document; cyanoacrylates; determination of exposure limits; ethylene; limitation of exposure; literature survey; manganese and compounds; platinum and compounds; Sweden; toxic effects; toxicology; translation.
Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1997. 78p. Bibl.ref.

CIS 98-1170 Iron chloride
Topics: antifertility effects; caustic substances; data sheet; elimination of spills; ferric chloride; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; New Jersey; personal protective equipment; respirators; respiratory impairment; storage; threshold limit values; USA; waste disposal.
New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Right to Know Program, PO Box 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1997. 6p.

CIS 98-47 Nitrogen trifluoride
Trifluoruro de nitrógeno [in Spanish]
Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Topics: cyanogenic effects; data sheet; determination in air; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; haematotoxic effects; health hazards; hypoxia; limitation of exposure; medical supervision; methaemoglobinaemia; nitrogen trifluoride; personal protective equipment; respirators; USA; waste disposal.
Noticias de seguridad, Oct. 1997, Vol.59, No.10. 3p. Insert.

CIS 98-42 Oxygen difluoride
Difluoruro de oxígeno [in Spanish]
Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Topics: chemical burns; data sheet; determination in air; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; eye injuries; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; irritation; limitation of exposure; lung diseases; medical supervision; oxygen difluoride; personal protective equipment; respirators; skin injuries; USA; waste disposal.
Noticias de seguridad, July 1997, Vol.59, No.7. 3p. Insert.

CIS 98-261 Knothe M., Hasenpusch W.
The formation of explosive chlorine-nitrogen compounds during the processes of precious metals separation
Topics: chemical reactions; explosion research; explosive substances; nitrogen trichloride; ore reduction; platinum and compounds; precious metals.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Sep. 1997, Vol.56, Nos.1-2, p.137-148. Illus. 19 ref.

CIS 97-1968 Lemière C., Malo J.L., Boutet M.
Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome due to chlorine: Sequential bronchial biopsies and functional assessment
A case report is presented of a worker in a water-filtration plant who abruptly inhaled high concentrations of chlorine. He experienced immediate nasal, throat, retrosternal burning and wheezing. Symptoms persisted during and after the workshift. Bronchial biopsies showed histological abnormalities. The patient was treated with inhaled steroids and was asymptomatic five months after the incident. The case shows that rapid airways dysfunction syndrome can cause acute, marked, though partially reversible, histological abnormalities.
European Respiratory Journal, 1997, Vol.10, p.241-244. Illus. 15 ref.

CIS 97-1568 Shade W.D., Jayjock M.A.
Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis of a diffusion model for the assessment of halogen gas exposure during dosing of brominators
Monte Carlo simulation was incorporated into a model for the estimation of worker exposure to halogen gases during dosing of large sacks of a bromine-based biocide (bromo-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin) into brominators. Results of the simulation predicted that outdoor transfer operations are highly unlikely to result in total halogen levels greater than the occupational exposure limit. Indoor dosing of brominators in the absence of local exhaust ventilation may generate airborne concentrations of total halogen that exceed the short-term exposure limit. Limited field trials of indoor transfer operations resulted in halogen concentrations well within the distribution of concentrations predicted by the simulation.
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1997, Vol.58, No.6, p.418-424. 20 ref.

CIS 97-1259 Torén K., Blanc P.D.
The history of pulp and paper bleaching: Respiratory-health effects
The history of the bleaching process used in paper production is described from the 18th century to the 1990s, and the implications for occupational and environmental health are discussed. Case reports published before 1960 illustrate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms following exposure to chlorine and chlorine-based bleaching agents. Since then, controlled epidemiologic studies of pulp mill and bleachery workers have consistently shown that workers exposed to chlorine gas have an increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and impaired lung function. The development of chlorine-free bleaching is outlined.
Lancet, 3 May 1997, Vol.349, No.9061, p.1316-1318. Illus. 31 ref.

1996

CIS 02-548 Brondeau M.T., Calvel T., Falcy M., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O.
Chlorine
Chlore [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Acute toxicity: irritation of the nasal, ocular and pharyngeal mucous membranes; sensation of burn and suffocation; respiratory impairment; cyanosis; pulmonary oedema; most of the time respiratory function disorders persist after treatment. Chronic toxicity: chloracne; conjunctivitis; keratitis; erosion of the teeth enamel; anorexia; anaemia; migraine; chronic bronchitis. Exposure limits (France): ceiling value = 3mg/m3 (1ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.017-001-00-7; T, N, R23, R36/37/38, R50, S9, S45, S61, 231-959-5. The complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM has been analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. 4p. Illus. 31 ref.

CIS 01-1333 Bromine
Brome [in French]
Chemical safety information sheet. Acute toxicity: coughing, nose bleeding, bronchopneumonia, photophobia, blepharospasms, skin burns, respiratory symptoms (respiratory distress). Chronic toxicity: irritation dermatosis, keratitis, conjunctivitis. Exposure limits (France): ceiling limit = 0.7mg/m3 (0.1ppm). EC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.035-001-00-5; T+, C, R26, R35, S7/9, S26, S45, 231-778-1. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201.
Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. 4p. Illus. 20 ref.

CIS 97-1096 Calcium hypochlorite
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema. It is a reactive chemical.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-770 Antimony trichloride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. It is a mutagen and may cause reproductive damage and should be handled with extreme caution. Corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Metallic taste may occur. May damage the liver and heart.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-744 Lead chloride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. It is a mutagen an a possible carcinogen and should be handled with extreme caution. May cause reproductive damage. Irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause poor appetite, weight loss, colic, upset stomach, nausea, muscle cramps, pigment changes, muscle or joint pains, weakness, nerve damage, anaemia, kidney and brain damage.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-881 Eldan M., Carel R.S., Factor-Litvak P., Goldsmith J.R., Weitzman S.
Biological monitoring of workers' exposure to bromine
A questionnaire survey of work characteristics was carried out among 848 workers in a company producing bromine compounds. Blood samples were obtained and serum bromine concentrations were measured using an x-ray fluorescence technique. Serum bromine levels were associated with all work characteristics studied: work site, department, handling of chemicals/bromine, and occupation. Serum bromine was also associated with age, country of origin and education in men only. The use of serum bromine as a measure of exposure is discussed and it is concluded that exposure to bromine can be assessed by regular monitoring of serum bromine.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1996, Vol.38, No.10, p.1026-1031. 22 ref.

CIS 97-880 Kilburn K.H.
Effects of a hydrochloric acid spill on neurobehavioral and pulmonary function
Neurobehavioural and pulmonary function tests were carried out on 45 adults 20 months after exposure to hydrochloric acid fumes leaking from a container truck. They also completed health questionnaires and a profile of mood states. Compared to a control group, exposed subjects showed impairment of reaction time and body balance and diminished scores in other neurobehavioural tests. In addition, symptoms were much more frequent in exposed individuals. Proximity to the spill increased sway speeds and impaired pulmonary midflow rates. The results indicate chronic behavioural dysfunction and airways obstruction following environmental exposure to hydrochloric acid fumes.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1996, Vol.38, No.10, p.1018-1025. 31 ref.

CIS 97-419 Cadmium chloride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. It is a carcinogen and teratogen and should be handled with extreme caution. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema, influenza-like symptoms, kidney and liver damage, anaemia and loss of smell.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-68, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-412 Ammonium fluoride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate and burn the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. May cause stiffness in muscles and joints, crippling, poor appetite, nausea, constipation and diarrhoea.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-68, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-410 Ammonium bifluoride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May severely burn the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. May damage the eyes and the kidneys. May cause weight loss, nausea, vomiting and fainting.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-68, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-393 Nickel chloride
Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May cause mutations and should be handled with extreme caution. May irritate and burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause skin allergy, asthma, kidney damage and scarring of the lungs.
New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-68, USA, 1996. 6p.

CIS 97-164 Matsuno K.
The treatment of hydrofluoric acid burns
Properties and uses of hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid are outlined, the hazards of hydrofluoric acid burns are described, and treatments and first aid procedures are reviewed. Hydrofluoric acid causes severe and painful burns to the skin and eyes. Immediate dilution and decontamination of the exposed areas is most important followed by application of a topical modality. An injection of calcium gluconate solution should also be considered.
Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1996, Vol.46, No.4, p.313-317. 20 ref.

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