| Document ID (ISN) | 73937 |
| CIS number |
99-1942 |
| ISSN - Serial title |
0731-3810 - Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology |
| Year |
1999 |
| Convention or series no. |
|
| Author(s) |
Barceloux D.G. |
| Title |
Nickel |
| Bibliographic information |
1999, Vol.37, No.2, p.239-258. Illus. 144 ref. |
| Abstract |
Almost all cases of acute nickel toxicity result from exposure to nickel carbonyl. The initial effects involve irritation of the respiratory tract and nonspecific symptoms. Patients with severe poisoning develop intense pulmonary and gastrointestinal toxicity. Diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and cerebral edema are the main causes of death. Nickel is a common sensitizing agent with a high prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis. Nickel and nickel compounds are well-recognized carcinogens. However, the identity of the nickel compound or compounds which cause the increased risk of cancer remains unclear. Currently, there are little epidemiological data to indicate that exposure to metallic nickel increases the risk of cancer, or that exposure to the carcinogenic forms of nickel causes cancer outside the lung and the nasal cavity. Topics: acute toxicity; animal experiments; antidote treatment; asthma; carcinogenic effects; nickel carbonyl; nickel; chelating agents; chronic toxicity; determination in blood; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; first aid; health hazards; human experiments; irritants; literature survey; lung cancer; metabolic process; nasal cancer; nickel and compounds; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; toxicology; urinary excretion. |
| Descriptors (primary) |
nickel and compounds; health hazards; toxicology |
| Descriptors (secondary) |
literature survey; determination in urine; sensitization dermatitis; nickel; acute toxicity; metabolic process; nickel carbonyl; chelating agents; nasal cancer; urinary excretion; asthma; lung cancer; skin allergies; antidote treatment; first aid; animal experiments; human experiments; chronic toxicity; dose-response relationship; carcinogenic effects; determination in blood; irritants |
| Document type |
D - Periodical articles |
| Country / State or Province | USA |
| Subject(s) |
Toxic and dangerous substances
|
| Broad subject area(s) |
Chemical safety
|
| Browse category(ies) |
Nickel and compounds
Inorganic substances
|
