| Document ID (ISN) | 109033 |
| CIS number |
09-121 |
| ISSN - Serial title |
1545-9624 - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene |
| Year |
2008 |
| Convention or series no. |
|
| Author(s) |
Todd L.A., Mottus K., Mihlan G.J. |
| Title |
A survey of airborne and skin exposures to chemicals in footwear and equipment factories in Thailand |
| Bibliographic information |
Mar. 2008, Vol.5, No.3, p.169-181. Illus. 35 ref. |
| Abstract |
This research reports on an exposure evaluation study at four footwear factories and two equipment factories in Thailand. Workers in these factories were exposed through inhalation and dermal contact to a large number of organic vapors from solvents and adhesives that were applied by hand. In addition, these workers were exposed to highly toxic isocyanates primarily through the dermal route. A total of 286 personal air samples were obtained at the four footwear factories, where 64 samples were also collected from working and tool surfaces. Between 8% and 21% of the workers sampled in each footwear factory were overexposed to mixtures of chemicals from solvents and adhesives. Up to 100% of the workers performing specific job tasks were overexposed to mixtures of chemicals. Between 39% and 69% of the surface samples were positive for unreacted isocyanates. Many of the real-time measurements obtained in the equipment factories exceeded occupational exposure limits. Personal protective equipment and engineering controls were inadequate in all of the factories. |
| Descriptors (primary) |
manufacturing industries; Thailand; isocyanates; toxic substances; shoe industry; adhesives; solvents; exposure evaluation; volatile substances |
| Descriptors (secondary) |
threshold limit values; personal sampling; responsibilities of employers; chemical products; disobeying safety instructions; safe working methods; supply of personal protective equipment; sampling and analysis; determination in air; limitation of exposure |
| Document type |
D - Periodical articles |
| Country / State or Province | USA |
| Subject(s) |
Leather, fur and footwear
Toxic and dangerous substances
|
| Broad subject area(s) |
Chemical safety
|
| Browse category(ies) |
Footwear, leather and fur industry
Exposure evaluation
Isocyanates
Cyano compounds
|
