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ILO-CIS Bulletin 2001/03CIS 01-601 --- CIS 01-920Laws, regulations, directivesCIS 01-601 Act on the prevention of occupational hazards [Spain]. (Spanish: Ley de prevención de riesgos laborales [España]) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, [1998]. 100p. Illus. Also: Boletín Oficial del Estado, 10 Nov. 1995, No.269, p.32590-32611. (In Spanish) Internet: This booklet reproduces Act 31/1995 on the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921), as amended by Act 50/1998. Contents of the law, which implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 89/391/EEC (CIS 89-1401) on the improvement of safety and health at work, as well as those of other related EEC directives (e.g. 92/85, 94/33 and 91/383): aims, scope (all work except for police and the armed services) and definitions; OSH policies - including designation of the INSHT as the chief institution for research into and promotion of OSH; role and organization of the Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social and of the Comisión Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo; rights and obligations of workers and employers in OHS-related matters (hazard evaluation; adoption of preventive measures; information and training; emergency organization; health surveillance; documentation; protection of specially vulnerable workers, mothers and minors; temporary work); OSH services (including the role of the Mutuas, i.e. Mutual Funds for Workmen's Compensation); safety delegates and committees; particular obligations of manufacturers, importers and suppliers; responsibilities and penalties. Decrees of 26.7.1957 (prohibition of hazardous work by women and minors) and 11.3.1971 (OSH committees) are abrogated, as are Sections I and III of the General Ordinance on OSH (CIS 76-1495). (76723)
CIS 01-602 Law of 10 Aug. 2001 adapting the system of insurance against occupational accidents to the European Directives concerning direct insurance other than life insurance [Belgium]. (Dutch: Wet houdende de aanpassing van de arbeidsongevallenverzekering aan de Europese richtlijnen betreffende de directe verzekering ...; French: Loi du 10 août 2001 portant adaptation de l'assurance contre les accidents du travail aux directives européennes concernant l'assurance directe autre que l'assurance sur la vie [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 7 Sep. 2001, Year 171st, No.254, p.30270-30275. (In Dutch, French) Internet: This Law introduces modifications to Belgian legislation concerning insurance against occupational accidents to bring it into line with European directives. The principal OSH law being modified is the Act of 10 Apr. 1971 on occupational accidents (see CIS 90-701). The modifications are all of a financial or administrative nature. (76883)
CIS 01-603 Factories Act No.16 of 1987 [Nigeria]. Internet version (41p. when printed on A4 paper). (In English) Internet: This is the principal law regulating safety and health in industrial establishments in Nigeria. Coverage: registration of factories; general provisions concerning health; general provisions concerning safety; welfare measures; special provisions (dust removal, meals in dangerous trades, protective clothing and appliances, eye protection); notification and investigation of accidents and industrial diseases; general registers; administration of the labour inspectorate; offences, penalties and legal proceedings. The preceding Factories Act is repealed. In schedules: official forms and registers; list of processes requiring suitable goggles or screens. (76903)
CIS 01-604 Presidential Legislative Order to promulgate the Labour Code, Act No.5 of 1995 [Yemen]. Internet version (34p. when printed on A4 paper). (In English) Internet: Relevant subjects covered: Chapter I - General provisions; IV - Employment of women and young persons; VI - Hours of work, rest and leave; VII - Regulation of work and penalties; IX - Occupational safety and health; X - Insurance; XI - Labour inspection; XIV - Penalties; XV - Final provisions. The 1970 Labour Code of North Yemen and the 1978 Labour Code of South Yemen are revoked. (76906)
CIS 01-605 Act No.7961 of 12 July 1995 adopting the Labour Code of the Republic of Albania [Albania]. (French: Loi n°7961 du 12 juillet 1995 portant Code du travail de la République d'Albanie [Albanie]) Internet version (36p. when printed on A4 paper). (In French) Internet: Relevant chapters of the new labour code for Albania: I - Preliminary provisions; II - Scope; III - Basic rights of workers; VII - General responsibilities of employers; VIII - Occupational safety and health; IX - Working hours and holidays; X - Special protection of young persons and women; XVIII - Labour administration; XIX - Penalties. (76907)
CIS 01-606 Labour Act 1992 [Nepal]. Internet version (20p. when printed on A4 paper). Also in: Nepal Recorder, 12 June 1992, Vol.16, No.19, p.220-253. (In English) Internet: Relevant subjects treated in the Nepal Labour Code: I - Preliminary matters; III - Working hours; V - Safety and health; VI - Welfare funds and arrangements; VII - Special provisions; VIII - Conduct and penalties; IX - Safety officers; XI - Miscellaneous. The 1959 Factories and Factory Workers Act is repealed. (76909)
CIS 01-607 Labour Code [El Salvador]. (Spanish: Decreto Nº15 de 23 junio de 1972. Código de trabajo con reformas incorporadas hasta 1997 [El Salvador]) Internet version (122p. when printed on A4 paper). (In Spanish) Internet: Relevant subjects covered by the El Salvador Labour Code: general provisions; workers subject to special protection; internal rules within enterprises; costs to be borne by the employer; occupational safety and health; occupational risks. (76910)
CIS 01-608 Regulation on Safety and Health Services [Spain]. (Spanish: Reglamento de los Servicios de Prevención [España]) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, [1997]. 78p. Illus. Also: Boletín Oficial del Estado, 31 Jan. 1997, No.27, p.3031-3045. (In Spanish) Internet: This booklet reproduces Royal Decree 39/1997 of 17 January approving the Regulation on Safety and Health Services analysed under CIS 97-353. The Decree (effective 31 Mar. 1997) approves new regulations on occupational safety and health services introduced in the spirit of the Act of 8 Nov. 1995 on the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921). Contents: general prevention measures (integration of prevention activities into regular work activities, enterprise safety activities); hazard evaluation and planning of preventive action; organization of resources for preventive action; certification of outside organizations specialized in safety services; safety auditing; safety qualification functions and levels; collaboration of safety services with the National Health System. In annex: list of dangerous activities; notification of conditions that do not require a safety audit; general criteria for the establishment of training projects and programmes at the elementary, intermediate and advanced level; minimum contents for training programmes at different levels. (76724)
CIS 01-609 Health and Safety - The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (Application outside Great Britain) Order 2001 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 2001. 7p. Price: GBP 2.00., ISBN 0-11-029567-6 (In English) Internet: This Order revokes and re-enacts with amendments the 1995 Order (see CIS 98-1064), which extended the coverage of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (see CIS 74-2099) to certain premises and activities (offshore installations, wells, pipelines, mines, construction and other ancillary activities) in the territorial seas adjacent to Great Britain. The major change with respect to the previous Order is the inclusion of diving projects, energy-producing structures (fixed or floating structures producing energy from wind or water) and the transfer of people or goods to or from structures associated with offshore activities. (76726)
CIS 01-610 Decree No.279 of 11 March 1999 to approve the Regulations on inquiries regarding occupational accidents and their investigation [Russian Federation]. (Russian: Položenie o rassledovanii i učete nesčastnyh slučaev na proizvodstve) Bjulleten' Ministerstva truda i social'nogo razvitija Rossijskoj Federacii, Apr. 1999, No.4, p.19-31. (In Russian) Internet: This decree defines the measures to be taken after an occupational accident and describes the procedures to be followed by the investigation commission. (76802)
CIS 01-611 Decree No.99-130 concerning the organization and operation of the Technical Consultative Commission for Occupational Health, Safety and the Working Environment [Madagascar]. (French: Décret n°99-130 portant organisation et fonctionnement du Comité technique consultatif en matière de santé, d'hygiène, de sécurité et de l'environnement du travail [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 22 Nov. 1999, No.2612, p.3320-3322. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Decree provides for the setting up of a Technical Consultative Commission for Occupational Health, Safety and the Working Environment, charged with the elaboration of a national policy for occupational safety and health. (76819)
CIS 01-612 Decree No.97-424 of 11 Nov. 1997 establishing the conditions for the implementation of Title V of Act No.83-13 of 2 July 1983, as modified, concerning occupational accidents and diseases [Algeria]. (French: Décret n°97-424 du 11 nov. 1997 fixant les conditions d'application du titre V de la Loi n°83-13 du 2 juil. 1983, modifiée et complétée, relatif à la prévention des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 12 Nov. 1997, No.75, p.12-13. (In French) Internet: This Decree is an implementation of Act No,83-13 of 2 July 1983 concerning occupational accidents and diseases (CIS 89-352). It lists the safety and health activities that the National Social Insurance Fund may conduct in order to help in the reduction of occupational accidents and diseases. (76889)
CIS 01-613 Decree on the recognition, investigation, registration and notification of occupational accidents [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Naredba za ustanovjavane, razsledvane, registrirane i otčitane na trudovite zlopoluki) Dăržaven vestnik, 21 Jan. 2000, No.6, p.5-7. (In Bulgarian) Internet: This Decree (effective 1 Jan. 2000) concerns the obligations of employers and/or occupational physicians in dealing with occupational accidents (76901)
CIS 01-614 Decree No.162/1999/ND-CP of Nov. 9, 1999 amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree No.06/CP of January 20, 1995 detailing a number of articles of the Labor Code on labor safety and sanitation [Vietnam]. Công Báo - Official Gazette, 15 Dec. 1999, No.46, p.4. (In English) Internet: This Decree modifies Decree No.06-CP of 20 January 1995 to regulate in detail the provisions of the occupational health and safety section of the Labour Code (see CIS 98-1074). Its provisions concern authorizations for the use of certain kinds of equipment and machinery, as well as the investigation of occupational accidents and labour inspection. (76904)
CIS 01-615 Hygiene and safety - Conditions of work - Acts and regulations [France]. (French: Hygiène et sécurité - Conditions de travail: lois et textes réglementaires [France]) Pluyette J., Peyrical J.P., Editions Tec & Doc, technique et documentation, 11 rue Lavoisier, 75384 Paris Cedex 08, France, 24th ed., 1999. 2452p. Illus. Index., ISBN 2-907270-67-2 (In French) Internet: This compendium contains all French laws and regulations pertaining to health and safety as well as to working conditions issued by the Ministries involved, i.e., Ministry of Labour and Employment, of Health, Social Affairs, Transportation and the Environment. It gives the texts applicable as of 1999, thus notifying the implementation of European Directives in French legislation. Tables of contents include chronological, analytical and alphabetical references to the laws and regulations. Replaces CIS 93-1407. (76780)
CIS 01-616 Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance (Amendment of schedule 2) Order 1999 [Hong Kong]. Government of the Hong Kong SAR Gazette, 11 June 1999, Vol.3, No.23, Legal Supplement No.2, p.B1497-B1499. (In Chinese, English) Internet: This regulation amends the order of 1997 (CIS 99-1756) by adding carpal tunnel syndrome and legionnaires' disease to the list of occupational diseases requiring notification. It includes the shoulder for traumatic tendon inflammations and extends the list of agents which may cause occupational asthma to all substances. (76809)
CIS 01-617 Inter-Ministerial Order of 2 Apr. 1995 concerning the standard collective agreement relating to occupational medicine that is entered into by employers on one hand, and the health sector or the competent organization or the authorized physician, on the other [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 2 avril 1995 fixant la convention-type relative à la médecine du travail établie entre l'organisme employeur et le secteur sanitaire ou la structure compétente ou le médecin habilité [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 15 May 1996, No.30, p.17-19. (In French) Internet: This Order is an application of Act No.88-07 of 26 Jan. 1988 concerning occupational health, safety and medicine (see CIS 89-5) and of Executive Decree No.93-120 of 15 May 1993 concerning the organization of occupational medicine (see CIS 97-1418). It specifies the obligations of employers in the organization of occupational medicine services, as well as the relevant obligations of occupational physicians with whom employers sign a collective convention. (76888)
CIS 01-618 Regulatory Standard 18 - Working conditions and the work environment in the construction industry [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Norma Regulamentadora 18 - Condições e meio ambiente do trabalho na indústria da construção) Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1998. 135p. (In Portuguese) Internet: This Regulatory Standard on safety, health and working conditions in the construction industry was originally issued by Regulation (Portaria) No.4 of 4 July 1995 (see CIS 96-1179), and modified by Regulations 7/1997 (3 Mar.), 12/97 (6 May) and 20/98 (17 Apr.). Contents: scope; mandatory preparation of a working conditions and work environment plan (PCMAT) in construction establishments employing more than 20 workers; welfare facilities; special provisions for work involving demolition, excavation, foundations and rock removal; carpentry work; steel, other metal and concrete structures; welding and cutting; ladders, ramps and passageways; falls from heights; transport and movement of materials and persons; scaffolding; wire ropes; coating and painting; roofing work; work on water; confined spaces; electric installations; machinery, equipment and tools; PPE; storage of materials; in-plant transport; fire safety; safety signs; training; order and cleanliness; tunnels and galleries; fatal accidents; statistical data; safety committees; glossary. (76661)
CIS 01-619 Official Mexican Standard - Operation and maintenance of railways - Safety and health conditions [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana - Operación y mantenimiento de ferrocarriles - Condiciones de seguridad e higiene [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 12 July 2001, Vol.DLXXIV, No.9, p.81-87. (In Spanish) Internet: Contents of this regulatory standard (entry into effect: 10 Sep. 2001): definitions; obligations of the employer and the worker relating to safety and health in the railways; evaluation of potential hazards; safety and health conditions; safety procedures; emergency plans. (76885)
CIS 01-620 Decree No.99-905 of 22 Oct. 1999 concerning joint health, safety and working conditions committees in the workplace [France]. (French: Décret n°99-905 du 22 oct. 1999 relatif aux commissions paritaires d'hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail en agriculture [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 26 Oct. 1999, No.249, p.15983-15984. (In French) Internet: This Decree specifies the procedures for the selection and appointment of members of joint OPSH committees at the departmental level. The role of these committees in the organization of safety and health activities and in the evaluation of hazards is also described. (76886)
CIS 01-621 Official Mexican Standard - Forestry and sawmill activities - Safety and health conditions [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana - Actividades de aprovechamiento forestal maderable y de aserraderos - Condiciones de seguridad e higiene [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 10 July 2001, Vol.DLXXIV, No.7, p.72-79. 6 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Contents of this regulatory standard (entry into effect: 7 Nov. 2001): definitions; obligations of the employer and the worker relating to safety and health in forestry, logging and sawmill operations; evaluation of potential hazards; safety and health conditions in forestry and logging; safety and health conditions in sawmills; audit units. (76890)
CIS 01-622 Order No.384 dated 20 May 1996 concerning the protection of minors at work [Albania]. (French: Arrêté n°384 du 20 mai 1996 portant sur la protection des mineurs au travail [Albanie]) Internet version (3p. when printed on A4 paper). (In French) Internet: This Order was issued in accordance with the provisions of the Labour Code (see CIS 01-605). It specifies the obligations of employers who hire workers below 18yrs old, including the need for a special authorization of the labour inspectorate. It lists the characteristics of "easy" work suitable to minors, as well as those of difficult and/or dangerous jobs that minors should not be doing. Special provisions are provided for weekly rest days and regular breaks. (76908)
CIS 01-623 Act of 20 January 2000 on protection from the harmful effects of chemical substances, preparations and products [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Zakon za zaštita ot vrednoto văzdejstvie na himičnite veštestva, preparati i produkti) Dăržaven vestnik, 4 Feb. 2000, No.10, p.1-7. (In Bulgarian) Internet: This Law (effective 20 Jan. 2000) introduces a new classification scheme for chemical substances and prescribes safety measures for their production, use, control and transportation. (76902)
CIS 01-624 Official Mexican Standard - Agricultural activities - Use of plant protection products, pesticides and fertilizers - Safety and health conditions [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana: actividades agrícolas - Uso de insumos fitosanitarios o plaguicidas e insumos de nutrición vegetal o fertilizantes - Condiciones de seguridad y higiene [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 28 Dec. 1999, Vol.45, No.20, p.39-51. 18 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This standard (entry into force: 28 June 2000) outlines the conditions for the safe use in agriculture of dangerous substances, such as plant protection products, pesticides and fertilizers. (76814)
CIS 01-625 Dir. 2001/41/EC ... of 19.6.2001 amending, for the 21st time, Council Dir. 76/769/EEC ... as regards substances classified as carcinogens, mutagens or substances toxic to reproduction [European Communities]. (French: Dir. 2001/41/CE ... du 19.6.2001 portant 21ème modif. de la dir. 76/769/CEE ... en ce qui concerne les substances classées cancérogènes, mutagènes ou toxiques pour la reproduction [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 18 July 2001, Vol.44, No.L 194, p.36-37. (In English, French) Internet: This Directive modifies Directive 76/769/EEC (see CIS 92-22). It adds 4-chloroaniline to the list of carcinogens. It modifies the listing of refractory ceramic fibres as carcinogens, by adding a Note R specifying that fibres with a length weighted geometric mean diameter > 6µm are not to be considered as carcinogenic. Finally, it adds the substance 6-(2-chloroethyl)-6(2-methoxyethoxy)-2,5,7,10-tetraoxa-6-silaundecane (also known as etacelasil) to the list of substances toxic to reproduction. (76870)
CIS 01-626 Decree No.95-1027 of 18 Sep. 1995 concerning the tax on the treatment and storage of waste [France]. (French: Décret n°95-1027 du 18 sept. 1995 relatif à la taxe sur le traitement et le stockage de déchets [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 19 Sep. 1995, p.13761-13762. (In French) Internet: This Decree specifies the obligations of various people involved in the operation of waste treatment facilities that treat either household waste or special industrial waste: payment of a special tax, recording of received waste, preparation of a site description. In annex: list of substances that characterize "special industrial waste" within the meaning of this Decree. (76881)
CIS 01-627 Decree No.96-1009 of 18 Nov. 1996 concerning plans for the elimination of special industrial waste [France]. (French: Décret n°96-1009 du 18 nov. 1996 relatif aux plans d'élimination de déchets industriels spéciaux [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 24 Nov. 1996, p.17140-17141. (In French) Internet: This Decree sets up the procedures for the elimination of special industrial waste, defined by Decree No.95-1027 of 18 Sep.1995 (see CIS 01-626). (76882)
CIS 01-628 Safety, Health and Welfare at Work (Confined Spaces) Regulations, 2001 [Ireland]. Government Publications Sales Office, Sun Alliance House, Molesworth Street, Dublin 2, Ireland, 2001. 7p. (In English) Internet: These Regulations came into operation on 31 Aug. 2001. They apply to any workplace where work in confined spaces may occur, with the exception of underground operations in mines and diving operations. They specify the duties of employers, conditions under which workers may work in confined spaces and emergency arrangements. Certain Regulations relating to confined spaces in other Statutory Instruments are revoked. (76884)
CIS 01-629 Order of 16 July 1999 modifying annexes I and V of the Regulation concerning the notification of new substances and the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, approved by Royal Decree 363/1995 (of 10 March) [Spain]. (Spanish: Orden de 16 de julio de 1999 por la que se modifican los anexos I y V del reglamento sobre notificación de sustancias nuevas y clasificación, envasado y etiquetado de sustancias peligrosas, aprobado por el Real Decreto 363/1995, de 10 de marzo [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 27 July 1999, No.178, p.4846-4930. (In Spanish) Internet: This Order came into force on 31 Oct. 1999. It adds to and/or modifies Table B of Royal Decree 363/1995 (see CIS 01-631), consisting of basic information on a large number of dangerous chemicals. It also contains additions to Parts A (Methods for the determination of physical and chemical properties) and C (Methods for the determination of ecotoxicity) of Annex V the original Decree. (76893)
CIS 01-630 Dir. 1999/96/EC ... relating to ... the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression ignition engines for use in vehicles, and the emission of gaseous pollutants from pos. ignition engines ... [European Communities]. (French: Dir. 1999/96/CE ... concernant ... les émissions de gaz polluants et de particules polluantes provenant des moteurs à allumage par compression destinées à la propulsion des véhicules ... [Communautés européennes]) Journal officiel des Communautés européennes - Official Journal of the European Communities, 16 Feb. 2000, Vol.43, No.L 44, p.1-155. (In English, French) Internet: This Directive (effective: 16 Feb. 2000) contains measures for the reduction of polluting emissions from vehicle engines. In annex: scope, definition and abbreviations, applications for EC type-approval, specifications and tests and conformity of production; information documents; test procedures; technical characteristics of reference for approval tests and to verify conformity of production; analytical and sampling systems; EC type-approval certificates; example of calculation procedures. (76895)
CIS 01-631 Royal Decree 363/1995, of 10 March, approving the Regulation concerning the notification of new substances and the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 363/1995, de 10 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento sobre notificación de sustancias nuevas y clasificación, envasado y etiquetado de sustancias peligrosas [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 5 June 1995, No.133, Supplement, p. 1-581. (In Spanish) Internet: This Royal Decree introduces into Spanish legislation the provisions of Council Directive 67/548/CEE of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (CIS 92-23). It was modified by the Order of 16 July 1999 (see CIS 01-629). In its annex it contains: I - list of approx. 440 substances, classified according to their most characteristic properties, and listing their chemical formula, names, hazard symbols, R and S phrases; II - explanation of hazard symbols and danger indications; III - the nature of particular hazards attributable to dangerous substances; IV - safety precautions regarding dangerous substances. (76900)
CIS 01-632 Royal Decree No.1254/1999, of 16 July, approving control measures for hazards inherent to major accidents in which dangerous substances are involved [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 1254/1999, de 16 de julio, por el que se aprueban medidas de control de los riesgos inherentes a los accidentes graves en los que intervengan sustancias peligrosas [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 20 July 1999, No.172, p.27167-27180. (In Spanish) Internet: This Royal Decree (entry into force: 21 July 1999) implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 96/82/EC (see CIS 97-1079) on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances. It applies to establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities above thresholds listed in the Annex. Summary: definitions; exclusions (military establishments, ionizing radiation, transport of dangerous substances, mines and quarries, oil and gas wells, waste recovery sites, explosives); general obligations of the employer; notification; major accident prevention policies; prevention of chain reactions; safety reports; what to do in the case of modifications of installations, establishments or storage zones; emergency plans; maintenance of safe distances; information of the public concerning safety measures; information obligations of the employer and of regional governments; competent authorities; inspection; information exchange and systems; confidentiality of information. In annex: threshold quantities of dangerous substances; minimum information requirements under various paragraphs of this Decree. Royal Decree 886/1988 on the prevention of major accidents (see CIS 89-34) and its modification Royal Decree 952/1990 (see CIS 93-720) are revoked. (76811)
CIS 01-633 Act No.403 of 23 February 1999 on security in the electric power industry [Estonia]. (Estonian: Elektriohutusseadus; Russian: Zakon ob ėlektrobezopasnosti) Riigi Teataja, I osa, 18 Mar. 1999, No.29. Russian version in Pravovye Akty Ėstonii, 2 June 1999, No.27, p.899-912. (In Estonian, Russian) Internet: This law (effective from 1 May 1999) includes the safety standards to be followed during maintenance or repair work on electrical installations as well as the corresponding responsibilities. (76803)
CIS 01-634 Act No.VIII-1019 of 12 January 1999 on radiation protection [Lithuania]. (Lithuanian: Radiacines saugos istatymas; Russian: O radiacionnoj bezopasnosti) Vedomosti Litovskoj Respubliki, 20 Aug. 1999, No.23, p.4-12. (In English, Lithuanian, Russian) Internet: This law (effective 1 April 1999) applies to persons working with ionizing radiation or assigned to the processing of radioactive waste. It makes provisions for the creation of an official body responsible for radioprotection. (76804)
CIS 01-635 Decree-Law No.207 concerning the use of nuclear energy [Cuba]. (Spanish: Decreto-Ley Núm. 207 sobre el uso de la energía nuclear [Cuba]) Gaceta Oficial de la República de Cuba, 17 Feb. 2000, Year XCVIII, No.20, p.407-412. (In Spanish) Internet: Base law for nuclear safety in Cuba. Contents: general provisions; competent supervisory organizations at the national level; permits for the use of nuclear energy; authorization for personnel who work in situations where they may be exposed to radioactivity; inspections; special measures regarding radioactive minerals; monitoring the use of and controlling nuclear materials; management of nuclear waste and of used nuclear fuel. (76905)
CIS 01-636 Presidential Decree No.169/99 extending to the territory of Macao, in the same terms as those committing the Portuguese State, the provisions of ILO Convention No.115 of 21 June 1960 concerning the protection of workers against ionizing radiation [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto do Presidente da República n°169/99 estende ao território de Macau, nos mesmos termos em que a ela está vinculado o Estado Português, a Convenção n°115 da OIT, relativa à protecção dos trabalhadores contra radiações ionizantes, de 21 de Junho de 1960) Diário da República, 5 Aug. 1999, No.181, Series I-A, p.5053. (In Portuguese) Internet: Presidential Decree extending to the territory of Macao, in the same terms as those committing the Portuguese State, the provisions of ILO Convention No.115 of 21 June 1960 concerning the protection of workers against ionizing radiation (CIS 89-1767). The Convention places the emphasis on protection measures. (76805)
CIS 01-637 Order No.41 of 20 June 1998 of the Ministry of Higher Education to grant compensation to workers of the Institute of Nuclear Medicine as a result of the nature of their work [Syrian Arab Republic]. Al-Jarīda Al-Rasmīya, 13 Jan. 1999, No.2, p.65-66. (In Arabic) Internet: This order (effective 13 January 1999) defines the conditions for awarding compensation to workers of the Institute of Nuclear Medicine due to their occupational exposure to radiation. (76806)
CIS 01-638 Decree No.675-XIV of 19 May 1999 on the Regulations relating to the National Commission for the protection of the population against radioactivity [Ukraine]. (Russian: O Položenii o Nacional'noj komissii po radiacionnoj zaščite naselenija Ukrainy) Vidomosti verhovnoï rady Ukraïny, 30 July 1999, No.30, p.595-598. (In Russian) Internet: This decree concerns the scope, authority, composition, structure and financing of the National Commission for the protection of the population against radioactivity. (76807)
CIS 01-639 Official Mexican Standard - Safety and health conditions in workplaces where sources of ionizing radiation are produced, used, handled, stored or transported [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana - Condiciones de seguridad e higiene en los centros de trabajo donde se produzcan, usen, manejen, almacenen o transporten fuentes de radiaciones ionizantes [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 20 Dec. 1999, Vol.45, No.14, p.38-45. 5 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This Standard (entry into force: 20 Feb. 2000) establishes the minimum conditions for medical examinations, the evaluation and the monitoring of workers exposed to ionizing radiation at the workplace. It sets out the list of people who are not allowed to work in situations where they may be exposed to ionizing radiation (minors, workers with certain medical conditions, workers undergoing radiation treatment, pregnant women whose equivalent annual dose is likely to exceed 15mSv (1.5rem)). The obligations of the employer in maintaining records and in informing workers of the hazards they face are outlined. Exposed workers must wear personal protective equipment and must undergo periodic medical examinations. (76812)
CIS 01-640 Official Mexican Standard: Requirements for the qualifications and training of personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana: Requerimientos para la calificación y entrenamiento del personal ocupacionalmente expuesto a radiaciones ionizantes [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 28 Dec. 1999, Vol.45, No.20, p.17-19. 1 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This standard outlines the basic requirements for training courses aimed at workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in Mexico. (76813)
CIS 01-641 Inter-ministerial Order of 10 Feb. 1988 establishing control measures in connection with radioactive sources and with equipment emitting ionizing radiation [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 10 fév. 1988 fixant les méthodes de contrôle en matière d'utilisation des sources radioactives et des appareils émettant des rayonnements ionisants [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 31 Aug. 1988, Year 27, No.35, p.934-937. (In French) Internet: This Order establishes the manner in which the controls prescribed by Decree No.86-132 on the protection of workers against the hazards of exposure to ionizing radiation (see CIS 87-49) are to be implemented. Principally, it contains provisions for the detection, verification, exposure determination and the provision of warning signs that must be supplied by employers, as well as for the preparation of reports concerning the number of workers exposed to ionizing radiation. (76815)
CIS 01-642 Inter-Ministerial Order of 10 Feb. 1988, providing a classification of radionuclides [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 10 fév. 1988 portant classification des principes radionucléïdes [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 31 Aug.1988, Year 27, No.35, p.944-949. (In French) Internet: This Order, issued in accordance with Decree No.86-132 on the protection of workers against the hazards of exposure to ionizing radiation (see CIS 87-49), classifies radionuclides according to their level of radiation toxicity. (76816)
CIS 01-643 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of sound level emissions by compressors [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des motocompresseurs [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, Year 129, No.127, p.8951-8956. Illus. (In French) Internet: This Order implements in France the provisions of Directive 84/533/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the permissible sound power level of compressors (see CIS 95-1195), as modified by Directive 85/406/EEC (CIS 98-1100). It defines the conditions for the granting of EEC conformity and type approvals for compressors with regards to maximum noise level emissions, and it describes the sound measurement techniques that must be used for measuring such emissions. (76818)
CIS 01-644 Decree No.93-243 of 29 Apr. 1993 concerning protection against ionizing radiation [Madagascar]. (French: Décret n°93-243 du 29 avril 1993 relatif à la protection contre les rayonnements ionisants à Madagascar [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 21 June 1993, No.2191, p.1626-1628. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Decree makes provisions for the setting up of a National Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, with the purpose of establishing safety and health measures for users of installations where ionizing radiation is present. The Institute will have a consultative role with several ministries. (76820)
CIS 01-645 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3958/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 concerning the delimitation of regulated and prohibited zones and the layout of danger signs therein [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3958/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant la délimitation et les signalisations particulières des zones réglementées et interdites [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2159-2161. Illus. (In French) Internet: This Order specifies the delimitation and the placement of warning signs in workplaces subject to ionizing radiation. The various warning sings are shown. (76887)
CIS 01-646 Ordinance of 11 Nov. 1999 concerning radiation protection [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance du 11 novembre 1999 portant sur la radioprotection [Suisse]; German: Strahlenschutzverordnung) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 25 Jan. 2000, No.3, p.107-165. (In French, German) Internet: This Ordinance (entry into force: 1 Jan. 2000 and 1 July 2000) introduces modifications into the Ordinance of 22 June 1994 on Radiation Protection (see CIS 95-1573). In annex: definitions; exposure limits; data for operational radiation protection; dose factors for different age groups; methods for the determination of radiation doses. (76892)
CIS 01-647 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3954/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 establishing the system of licensing for the use and possession of ionizing radiation sources [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3954/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant les modalités d'autorisation d'utilisation et de détention des sources de rayonnements ionisants [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2145-2154. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Order defines the basic requirements for the use of ionizing radiation sources (preliminary notification etc.). It also deals with the management of radioactive waste and the setting up of storage areas. In annex: classification of radionucleides according to their toxicity and definition of terms. (76894)
CIS 01-648 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3956/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 concerning the control measures for the utilization of radioactive sources and of equipment emitting ionizing radiation [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3956/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant les modalités de contrôle en matière d'utilisation des sources radioactives et des appareils émettant des rayonnements ionisants [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2154-2159. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Order obliges users of equipment emitting ionizing radiation to perform periodic testing of radiation sources and of radiation protection equipment, as well as to monitor radiation levels and to engage in the medical supervision of potentially exposed workers. (76896)
CIS 01-649 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by power generators [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des groupes électrogènes de puissance [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8956-8958. (In French) Internet: This Order introduces into French legislation the provisions of Directive No.84/536/EEC (see CIS 95-1198), as modified by Directive No.85/408/EEC (see CIS 98-1571). In annex: method for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by power generators, in light of the requirements of EEC type certificates and conformity tests. (76897)
CIS 01-650 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by welding generators [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des groupes électrogènes de soudage [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8958-8960. (In French) Internet: This Order introduces into French legislation the provisions of Directive No.84/535/EEC (see CIS 95-1197), as modified by Directive No.85/407/EEC (see CIS 98-1570). In annex: method for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by welding generators, in light of the requirements of EEC type certificates and conformity tests. (76898)
CIS 01-651 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by tower cranes [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des grues à tour [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8960-8963. (In French) Internet: This Order introduces into French legislation the provisions of Directive No.84/534/EEC (see CIS 95-1196), as modified by Directive No.87/405/EEC (see CIS 87-1171). In annex: method for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by tower cranes, in light of the requirements of EEC type certificates and conformity tests. (76899)
CIS 01-652 Health and Safety - The Pressure Equipment Regulations 1999 [United Kingdom]. The Stationery Office, The Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1999. 60p. Illus. Price: GBP 7.30., ISBN 0-11-082790-2 (In English) Internet: These regulations transpose into national law the provisions of Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parliament and Council of 27 May 1997 on the convergence of Member State legislation concerning pressure equipment (CIS 98-409). It includes regulations on the procedure for obtaining approvals for the commercialization and the commissioning of pressure equipment and describes the compliance tests conducted by inspectors and the labelling of pressure equipment, and includes 8 schedules. The regulations apply to the whole of the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland included). (76810)
CIS 01-653 Order of 12 May 1997 establishing the common provisions applicable to construction site equipment and machinery [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 fixant les dispositions communes applicables aux matériels et engins de chantiers [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, Year 129, No.127, p.8949-8951. (In French) Internet: This Order was issued in accordance with Directive 84/532/EEC (see CIS 98-1092) on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to common provisions for construction plant and equipment. It outlines the conditions for the granting of EEC conformity and type approvals for construction equipment and machinery. (76817)
CIS 01-654 Ordinance of 27 Sep. 1999 concerning the safe use of cranes [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance du 27 sept. 1999 sur les conditions de sécurité régissant l'utilisation des grues (Ordonnance sur les grues) [Suisse]; German: Verordnung über die sichere Verwendung von Kranen (Kranverordnung)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 25 Jan. 2000, No.3, p.166-173. (In French, German) Internet: This Ordinance (effective: 1 Jan. 2000) defines the term "crane", and provides instructions on how to use cranes safely. Provisions are also made for the training and licensing of crane operators, and for the regular inspection of cranes by employers. The 1951 ordonnance on the same subject (CIS 92-1080) is repealed. (76891)
CIS 01-655 Decree No.99-645 of 26 July 1999 amending and completing the schedules of occupational diseases appended to Book IV of the Social Security Code (2nd part: Orders of the State Council) [France]. (French: Décret n°99-645 du 26 juillet 1999 révisant et complétant les tableaux de maladies professionnelles annexés au livre IV du code de la sécurité sociale (2ème partie: Décrets en Conseil d'Etat) [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 29 July 1999, Year 131, No.173, p.11306-11309. (In French) Internet: This decree applies to the amendments made to certain schedules of occupational diseases, concerning in particular spirochaetoses (leptospiroses and Lyme borrelioses), diseases caused by tuberculosis bacilli and certain atypical mycobacteria, as well as occupational infections caused by hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses. (76801)
Chemical data sheets and criteria documentsCIS 01-656 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane. (French: 1,1,2,2-Tétrachloroéthane) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 17 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Acute toxicity: irritation of the mucous membranes; depression of the central nervous system; hepatic cytolysis; possible renal tubule damage. Chronic toxicity: carcinogenic effects; dermatosis; hepatotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects (central and peripheral nervous system); haematological effects. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 7mg/m3 (1ppm); ceiling value = 35mg/m3 (5ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.602-015-00-3; T+, N, R26/27, R51/53, S38, S45, S61, 201-197-8. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76751)
CIS 01-657 Phosphoric acid. (French: Acide phosphorique) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 3p. Illus. 13 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-759. Toxicity: concentrated solutions cause severe lesions of the tissues (burns, caustic lesions of the mucous membranes); metabolic acidosis; shock; digestive haemorrhages and oesophageal perforations; respiratory distress. Exposure limits: TWA = 1mg/m3 (France), 1mg/m3 (EC); ceiling value = 3mg/m3 (France), 2mg/m3 (EC). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.015-011-00-6 (aqueous solutions); C, R34, S26, S45, 231-633-2. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76752)
CIS 01-658 Phthalic anhydride. (French: Anhydride phtalique) Bonnard N., Clavel T., Falcy M., Hesbert A., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 28 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 96-48. Acute toxicity: skin, eye and mucous membrane irritation (skin lesions, keratoconjunctivitis, cough, dyspnoea, bronchial obstructive syndrome). Chronic toxicity: allergic symptoms (conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma, urticaria). Exposure limit (France): ceiling value = 6mg/m3. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.607-009-00-4; Xi, R36/37/38, 201-607-5. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76753)
CIS 01-659 Cyclohexanone. (French: Cyclohexanone) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 23 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 90-37. Acute toxicity: irritation of the eyes and of the upper respiratory tract. Chronic toxicity: drowsiness; repeated or prolonged contact may cause dermatosis. Exposure limit (France): TWA = 100mg/m3 (25ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.606-010-00-7; Xn, R10, R20, S25, 203-631-1. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76754)
CIS 01-660 2-Furaldehyde. (French: 2-Furaldéhyde) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 27 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 87-414. Acute toxicity: irritation of the eye and the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract; convulsions. Chronic toxicity: irritation of the eye and respiratory tract mucous membranes; headache; decrease olfaction and taste; eczema and allergic asthma. Exposure limit (France): ceiling value = 8mg/m3 (2ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.605-010-00-4; T, R21, R23/25, R36/37, R40, S26, S36/37/39, S45, 202-627-7. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76755)
CIS 01-661 Sulfur dioxide. (French: Dioxyde de soufre) Bonnard N., Brondeau M.T., Clavel T., Falcy M., Hesbert A., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Schneider O., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. 5p. Illus. 31 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Acute toxicity: respiratory symptoms (bronchiolitis, pulmonary oedema, obstructive respiratory impairment); skin and eye irritation. Chronic toxicity: chronic pharyngitis and bronchitis; emphysema; worsening of preexisting asthma. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 5mg/m3 (2ppm); ceiling value = 10mg/m3 (5ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.016-011-00-9; T, R23, R36/37, S7/9, S45, 231-195-2. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76756)
CIS 01-662 Tetrahydrofuran. (French: Tétrahydrofurane) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 36 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 91-402. Acute toxicity: irritation of ocular and respiratory tract mucous membranes; headache; skin rashes. Chronic toxicity: irritant skin diseases; neurological effects (similar to those caused by alcohol consumption, vertigo, narcotic syndrome). Exposure limit (France): TWA = 590mg/m3 (200ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.603-025-00-0; F, Xi, R11, R19, R36/37, S16, S29, S33, 203-726-8. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76757)
CIS 01-663 Ozone. (French: Ozone) Clavel T., Falcy M., Hesbert A., Jargot D., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. 39 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 96-46. Acute toxicity: respiratory impairment; eye irritation and visual function disorders (decrease of visual acuity at night, changes in ocular motricity); renal damage; neurological effects. Chronic toxicity: pulmonary effects (bronchial diseases, emphysema, fibrosis); dyspnoea; neurological disorders. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 0.2mg/m3 (0.1ppm); ceiling value = 0.4mg/m3 (0.2ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.233-069-2. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76758)
CIS 01-664 Tritolylphosphate. (French: Phosphate de tritolyle) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 3p. Illus. 14 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption. Toxicity: gastro-intestinal disorders; after 8 to 30 days, polyneuritis of the lower extremities. Exposure limit (France): TWA for tri-o-tolylphosphate = 0.1mg/m3. EEC numbers and mandatory labelling codes: No.201-103-5 (tri-o-tolylphosphate), No.209-241-8 (tri-m-tolylphosphate), No.201-105-5 (tri-p-tolylphosphate), No.215-548-8 (mixture of isomers); T, N, R39/23/24/25, R51/53, S20/21, S45, S61, 201-103-5. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76759)
CIS 01-665 Cyclohexanol. (French: Cyclohexanol) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 17 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 90-1119. Acute toxicity: irritation of the eyes, nose and throat; headache; tremor; skin irritation. Chronic toxicity: disorders of the autonomous nervous system (vasomotor and neurovegetative disorders); repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 200mg/m3 (50ppm); ceiling value = 300mg/m3 (75ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.603-009-00-3; Xn, R420/22, R37/38, S24/25, 203-630-6. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76760)
CIS 01-666 Arsenic and its compounds. (French: Arsenic et dérivés) Javelaud B., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 4th Quarter 1994, No.105, 7p. 82 ref. (In French) Internet: Toxicological data sheet on arsenic (As) and its compounds. Metallic arsenic is non-toxic and does not oxidize. The main toxic compounds of As are trivalent, including arsenic trioxide, sodium arsenite and potassium arsenite. The toxicity of pentavelent compounds is less than that of trivalent compounds. Main exposure routes: inhalation, ingestion. Acute toxicity: vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea, followed by cardiovascular symptoms; death from ventricular fibrillation occurs within 10 hours following ingestion; lethal dose is estimated at 1-2mg/kg. Chronic toxicity: effects on the skin; neurotoxic effects; inhalation of arsenical dusts or vapours can give rise to bronchial cancer; liver cancer; cardiovascular effects; haematological effects; effects on the reproductive system. The toxicology of arsine is covered in a specific section. Tables concerning the compensation of occupational diseases caused by arsenic are included. (76781)
CIS 01-667 Cyanides and toxic cyanogens. (French: Cyanures et toxiques cyanogéniques) Benaissa L., Hantson P., Laforge M., Borron S., Baud F., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 3rd Quarter 1999, No.124, 7p. 59 ref. (In French) Internet: Cyanides are present in many chemicals. Cyanide poisoning is frequent, and found in particular among victims of fires. Cyanide poisoning may lead to headaches, vertigo, agitation, confusion, coma, convulsions and death. Considerable progress has been made in the treatment of cyanide poisoning. A large dose of hydroxocobalamine used in conjunction with oxygen is considered to be the first line of treatment for this type of poisoning, and considerably favours the reanimation process. Symptomatic treatment includes assisted ventilation (breathing of 100% oxygen), correction of acidosis and the maintaining of arterial pressure. The effectiveness of antidote treatment is evaluated initially on the correction of hypotension and lactic acidosis, then on the absence or presence of permanent neurological after-effects. (76783)
CIS 01-668 2,6-Dimethylhepta-2,5-dien-4-one. (French: Diméthyl-2,6 heptadiène-2,5 one-4; Spanish: Dimetil-2,6 heptadieno-2,5 ona-4) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: Synonym: phorone. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Acute symptoms: cough; breathlessness; sore throat; redness of the skin and eyes; abdominal pain; nausea. Insufficient data are available on the effect of this substance on human health, therefore utmost care must be taken. No TLV has been established. (76821)
CIS 01-669 Dinonyl phenol (mixed isomers). (French: Dinonylphénol (mélange d'isomères); Spanish: Dinonilfenol (mezcla de isómeros)) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1995. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: the substance is corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract; corrosive on ingestion; inhalation of aerosol may cause lung oedema; effects may be delayed; medical observation is indicated. No TLV has been established. (76822)
CIS 01-670 Sulfur dioxide. (Spanish: Dióxido de azufre) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, [1998]. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0074 (see CIS 91-1455). International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short term exposure effects: irritation of the skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; effects on respiratory tract inducing asthma and respiratory failure; evaporation may cause frostbite; effects may be delayed. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged exposure to inhalation may induce asthma. Threshold limit values: TWA 2ppm; A4 (ACGIH 1998); STEL 5ppm; A4 (ACGIH 1998). (76823)
CIS 01-671 Carbon dioxide. (Spanish: Dióxido de carbono) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, [1998]. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0021 (see CIS 90-1450). International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: inhalation of high concentrations may cause hyperventilation and unconciousness; rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. Long-term exposure effects: the substance may have effects on the metabolism. Threshold limit values: TWA 5,000ppm (ACGIH 1998); STEL 30,000ppm (ACGIH 1998). (76824)
CIS 01-672 Uranium dioxide. (French: Dioxyde d'uranium; Spanish: Dióxido de uranio) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: eye irritation; renal lesions. Long-term exposure effects: lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure to dust particles. Threshold limit values: TWA 0.2mg/m3 A1 (ACGIH 1998); STEL 0.6mg/m3 A1 (ACGIH 1998). (76825)
CIS 01-673 Disul-sodium. (French: Disul-sodium; Spanish: Disul-sodio) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; effects on the kidneys and the liver. TLV (TWA): 10mg/m3 A4 (ACGIH 1998); OSHA PEL (TWA): 15mg/m3 (total), 5mg/m3 (resp); NIOSH REL (TWA): 10mg/m3 (total), 5mg/m3 (resp); NIOSH IDLH: 500mg/m3. (76826)
CIS 01-674 Potassium metabisulfite. (French: Métabisulfite de potassium; Spanish: Metabisulfito de potasio) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: inhalation may cause asthmatic reactions. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce skin sensitization; repeated or prolonged inhalation exposure may cause asthma. No TLV has been established. (76827)
CIS 01-675 Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. (French: Dodécylbenzènesulfonate de sodium; Spanish: Dodecilbencenosulfonato de sodio) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce dermatitis. No TLV has been established. (76828)
CIS 01-676 Styrene oxide. (French: Oxyde de styrène; Spanish: Oxido de estireno) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. Illus. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin and eyes; effects on the central nervous system (lowering of consciousness). Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce skin sensitization; the substance is possibly a carcinogen. No TLV has been established. (76829)
CIS 01-677 Vinyl ethyl ether. (French: Vinyl éthyl éther; Spanish: Vinil etil éter) Internet site: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html, 1993-1998. Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. 2p. Illus. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: effects on the central nervous system resulting in unconsciousness. No TLV has been established. (76830)
CIS 01-678 Ammonia and its aqueous solutions. (French: Ammoniac et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. Illus. 31 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1783. Acute toxicity: irritation of the eyes and of respiratory mucous membranes; chemical burns; burns of the oral cavity and pharynx; oesophageal or gastric perforation; pulmonary oedema; possible respiratory and ocular sequelae. Chronic toxicity: urticaria. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 18mg/m3 (25ppm); ceiling value = 36mg/m3 (50ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.007-001-00-5 (ammonia), No.007-001-01-2 (ammonium hydroxide); C N, R34, R50, S7, S26, S36/37/39, S45, S61, 215-647-6. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76831)
CIS 01-679 Cyclohexane. (French: Cyclohexane) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 3p. Illus. 15 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1791. Acute toxicity: central nervous system depression (vertigo, unconsciousness, tremor, areflexia, nausea, vomiting; cardio-vascular collapse. Chronic toxicity: irritation dermatosis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 1050mg/m3 (300ppm); ceiling value = 1300mg/m3 (375ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.601-017-00-1; F, R11, S9, S16, S33, 203-806-2. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76832)
CIS 01-680 Ethyl acetate. (French: Acétate d'éthyle) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. Illus. 27 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1800. Acute toxicity: anaesthetic; eye irritation (conjunctivitis, keratitis), nasal and pharyngolaryngeal irritation. Chronic toxicity: mucous membranes irritation; could possibly induce an organic psychosyndome due to solvents; irritation dermatitis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 1400mg/m3 (400ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.607-022-00-5; F, R11, S16, S23, S29, S33, 205-500-4. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76833)
CIS 01-681 Aniline. (French: Aniline) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. Illus. 30 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 89-1113. Acute toxicity: methaemoglobinaemia; cyanosis; anaemia; eye irritation; skin absorption. Chronic toxicity: headache, vertigo, asthenia and cyanosis; haemolytic anaemia; eczematous dermatosis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 10mg/m3 (2ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.612-008-00-7; T, N, R20/21/22, R40, R48/23/24/25, R50, S28, S36/37, S45, S61, 200-539-3. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76834)
CIS 01-682 Sodium hydroxide and its aqueous solutions. (French: Hydroxyde de sodium et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 17 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1817. Toxicity: severe caustic ocular lesions with possible sequelae (opacities, glaucoma, cataract); caustic lesions of the gastric tract; metabolic acidosis; oesophageal or gastric perforation. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 2mg/m3. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.011-002-00-6; C, R35, S26, S37/39, S45, 215-185-5. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76835)
CIS 01-683 Hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate and aqueous solutions. (French: Hydrazine, hydrate d'hydrazine et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 6p. Illus. 35 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 89-1790. Acute toxicity: neurologic disorders (sleepiness, coma with convulsions); digestive disorders; dyspnoea; hepatic damage; severe ocular and skin lesions; skin absorption. Chronic toxicity: pulmonary and renal damage; dermatosis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = France: 0.1mg/m3 (0.1ppm); USA: 0.01ppm (ACGIH 1996). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.007-008-00-3; T, R45, R23/24/25, R34, R43, R10, S53, S45, 206-114-9. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76836)
CIS 01-684 Trichloroethylene. (French: Trichloroéthylène) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. Illus. 36 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 87-442. Acute toxicity: digestive effects; neurological effects (headache, state of intoxication similar to that induced by alcohol, obnubilation, coma); cardiac effects (myocardial excitability disorders); lung diseases; skin irritation. Chronic toxicity: neuropsychic disorders; peripheral neuritis and polyneuritis; dermatosis; mutagenic effects (sister chromatid exchanges); possible teratogenic effects. Exposure limits: TWA = France: 405mg/m3 (75ppm); USA: 50ppm (ACGIH 1996); ceiling value (France) = 1080mg/m3 (200ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.602-027-00-9; Xn, N, R40, R52/53, S23, S36/37, S61, 201-167-4. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76837)
CIS 01-685 Chlorobenzene. (French: Chlorobenzène) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 5p. Illus. 31 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 93-1450. Acute toxicity: narcotic; hepatotoxic effects; irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; neurological disorders; cyanosis, methaemoglobinaemia (ingestion). Chronic toxicity: neurological effects; hepatic, kidney and pulmonary damage; dermatosis. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 46mg/m3 (10ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.602-033-00-1; Xn, N, R10, R20, R51/53, S24/25, S61, 203-628-5. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76838)
CIS 01-686 Acetic acid. (French: Acide acétique) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 21 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 87-394. Acute toxicity: severe mouth burns, metabolic acidosis and oesophageal or gastric perforation (ingestion); irritation of the eyes and of the respiratory tract mucous membranes with possible sequelae; possibility of delayed pulmonary oedema; caustic local skin and ocular lesions. Chronic toxicity: conjunctival hyperhaemia; irritation of the eye and respiratory tract mucous membranes; hyperkeratosic dermatosis. Exposure limits (France): ceiling value = 25mg/m3 (10ppm). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.607-002-00-6; C, R10, R35, S23, S26, S45, 200-580-7. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76839)
CIS 01-687 Ethylene glycol. (French: Ethylène-glycol) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, CD-ROM CD 613, May 2000. Rev.ed. 4p. Illus. 18 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 87-411. Acute toxicity: depressive effect on the central nervous system after several hours' delay; pulmonary oedema; hyperglycaemia. Chronic toxicity: irritation of the eye and of the respiratory tract mucous membranes; signs of central nervous system depression. Exposure limits: ceiling value = France: 125mg/m3 (50ppm); USA: 100mg/m3 (ACGIH 1996). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.603-027-00-1; Xn, R22, 203-473-3. Complete datasheet collection on CD-ROM analysed under CIS 01-201. (76840)
Training materials and practical informationCIS 01-688 Personal protective clothing and equipment. Shaw A., Occupational Health and Safety Authority, World Trade Centre, Corner Flinders and Spencer Streets, PO Box 414, Melbourne, Victoria 3005, Australia, July 1992. 20p. Illus., ISBN 0-7241-97281 (In English) Internet: This booklet outlines the criteria for selecting and using personal protective clothing and equipment (PPCE) so that they can be an effective part of an overall safety and health strategy. PPCE include headwear, eye, ear, hand, feet and body protection, and respiratory protection. The needs for workers' training and medical supervision and for developing standard operating procedures for the use of PPCE are outlined. A checklist for assessing the use of appropriate PPCEs at the workplace is provided. Relevant regulations are also mentioned. (76853)
CIS 01-689 Five steps to information, instruction and training. (Welsh: 5 cam i wybodaeth cyfarwyddyd a hyfforddiant) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 15p. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 97-477. This booklet provides guidance on the provision of information, instruction and training for employees. The type of information to be supplied is described along with those who need the information, when it should be supplied, how to provide the information and how to check that the information has been effective. Checklists cover what managers and supervisors need to know, legal requirements, and approaches to training. (76645)
CIS 01-690 What to expect when a safety inspector calls: A brief guide for businesses, employees and their representatives. (Welsh: Beth i'w ddisgwyl pan fydd arolygydd iechyd a diogelwch yn galw: Canllaw byr i fusnesau, gweithwyr a'u cynrychiolwyr) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 8p. 5 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 00-953. (76649)
CIS 01-691 Guide for the implementation of a management system for occupational hazard prevention. (Spanish: Guía para la implantación de un sistema de gestión de prevención de riesgos laborales) Rescalvo Santiago F., ed., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 205p. Illus. 13 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Practical guide for the implementation of a occupational hazard management system within the company. Contents include: responsibilities of employers and legal aspects; hazard identification and methodology for hazard evaluation; analysis of accidents with a view to the planning of prevention activities; occupational safety and health documentation. Examples of forms to be used as check lists for the identification and evaluation of hazards, monitoring workers' health, planning preventive actions and accident analysis are included. The main hazards inherent to various occupational sectors (industry, services, construction, agriculture, livestock rearing, fishing and health care) are inventoried and ranked according to the frequency of their occurrence; the corresponding protective measures are presented in the form of one-page sheets. (76693)
CIS 01-692 Accident prevention manual for business and industry - Administration and programs. Hagan P.E., Montgomery J.F., O'Reilly J.T., eds., National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 12th ed., 2001. x, 836p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 99.95 (members), USD 119.95 (non-members)., ISBN 0-87912-212-9 (In English) Internet: First part of a series of textbooks on safety management in enterprises (for parts 2, 3 and 4, see CIS 01-693, CIS 00-396 and CIS 01-728). It covers: introduction to safety and health (historical perspectives, safety professionals, safety culture, regulatory history in the US); loss control information and analysis (loss control programmes, safety and health auditing, environmental auditing, workmen's compensation, hazard identification, incident investigation and analysis, cost of incidents, record keeping, incidence rates, computers and information management); organization of safety, health and environment programmes (occupational health and industrial hygiene programmes, environmental management, indoor air quality, ergonomics programmes, employee assistance programmes, emergency preparedness, workplace violence, product safety management, service and warehouse facilities, transportation safety programmes, office safety, laboratory safety, contractor and non-employee safety, process safety management); programme implementation and maintenance (motivation, safety and health training, media, safety awareness programmes). In the appendix: sources of help; answers to review questions. Last edition (9th) analysed: CIS 89-1811. (76861)
CIS 01-693 Accident prevention manual for business and industry - Engineering and technology. Hagan P.E., Montgomery J.F., O'Reilly J.T., eds., National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 12th ed., 2001. x, 877p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 99.95 (members), USD 119.95 (non-members)., ISBN 0-87912-213-7 (In English) Internet: Second part of a series of textbooks on safety management in enterprises (for parts 1, 3 and 4, see CIS 01-692, CIS 00-396 and CIS 01-728). It covers: facilities (designing for safety, building and facility layout, construction and maintenance of facilities, boilers and unfired pressure vessels); workplace exposures and protection (safeguarding, personal protective equipment, industrial sanitation and personnel facilities, occupational medical surveillance, electrical safety, fire protection, flammable and combustible liquids, workers with disabilities); materials handling (materials handling and storage, hoisting and conveying equipment, ropes and chains, slings, powered industrial trucks, haulage and off-road equipment); production operators (hand and portable power tools, woodworking machinery, welding and cutting, metalworking machinery, cold forming and hot working of metals, automated lines and systems). Extensive reference tables and review questions with answers. Glossary. Last edition (9th) analysed: CIS 89-1841. (76862)
CIS 01-694 Fundamentals of industrial hygiene. Plog B.A., Niland J., Quinlan P.J., eds., National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 4th ed., 1996. xii, 1011p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 99.95 (members), USD 124.95 (non-members)., ISBN 0-87912-171-8 (In English) Internet: Thorough introduction to industrial hygiene. Contents: history and development of industrial hygiene; anatomy, physiology and pathology (particularly, the lungs, the skin, the ears and the eyes); recognition of hazards (industrial toxicology, gases and vapours, solvents, particulates, industrial noise, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, thermal stress, ergonomics, biological hazards); hazard evaluation (with particular attention to air sampling and direct-reading instruments for gases, vapours and particulates); hazard control (particularly, ventilation and respiratory protection); occupational health and safety programmes (discussion of the role of professionals: industrial hygienists, safety professionals, occupational physicians, occupational health nurses; industrial hygiene programmes and their computerization); government regulations in the United States and their impact. In appendices: addtional resources; TLVs and Biological Exposure Indices (ACGIH); unit conversion factors; review of relevant mathematical techniques; European Union initiatives in occupational health and safety; glossary. Last edition (3rd) analysed (1988): CIS 95-591. (76865)
CIS 01-695 Workplace health, safety and welfare - A short guide for managers. (Welsh: Iechyd, diogelwch a lles yn y gweithle: Canllaw byr i reolwyr) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 19p. 7 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 97-1177. This leaflet provides an outline of the requirements of the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-351). Brief guidance is given on the general working environment (ventilation, temperature, lighting, cleanliness, room dimensions, workstation design), safety (maintenance, floors and traffic routes, protection against falls and falling objects, safety of doors, gates, walls, windows, and moving walkways), and provision of welfare facilities. (76646)
CIS 01-696 Manual of industrial hygiene. (Spanish: Manual de higiene industrial) Ramos Caro J.M., Daimiel Mora C., Gordo Espada J, García Vázquez A.I., Martín Bachiller M., Mendoza Rodríguez M.A., Romero Molina J.A., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 73p. Illus., ISBN 84-930169-3-4 (In Spanish) Internet: This manual presents the basic principles of industrial hygiene. Its aim is to encourage safe behaviour and the adoption of preventive actions within the company, including the use of personal protective equipment. Contents include: classification of occupational hazards; risks related to the exposure to chemicals (absorption modes, toxicity, exposure limits); risks related to the exposure to physical agents (noise, vibration, radiation, cold or hot working environments, lighting); risks linked to the exposure to biological agents. (76692)
CIS 01-697 Basic elements for the prevention of occupational hazards. (Spanish: Normas básicas de prevención de riesgos laborales) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 55p. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: This guide to the prevention of occupational hazards aimed at workers presents the "10 commandments" concerning the behaviour to be adopted with respect to occupational safety and health. Topics covered: tidiness and cleanliness; manual handling of loads; fires; electrical hazards; use of chemicals; safe handling of machinery and tools; personal protective equipment; pregnant women; visual display units; commuting accidents; equipment maintenance; laboratory work; stress and work organization; what to do in the event of an accident; health monitoring. A table listing the main danger signs and a list of emergency phone numbers are included. (76694)
CIS 01-698 Basic principles of the prevention of occupational hazards. (Spanish: Manual básico de prevención de riesgos laborales) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 363p. Illus. 166 ref., ISBN 84-95366-09-6 (In Spanish) Internet: This manual presents the basic principles of occupational safety and health hazard prevention. Contents include: occupational hazards (accidents and occupational diseases); occupational safety and health domains (workplace safety and hygiene, ergonomics, occupational medicine); legal aspects; risks due to the work environment; workload; fatigue and job dissatisfaction; collective and individual protection; emergency intervention and evaluation planning; medical surveillance of workers; specific hazards and corresponding protective measures; public OSH institutions; hazard identification and evaluation; OSH documentation; first aid. (76695)
CIS 01-699 Manual on occupational hazard prevention I. (Spanish: Manual de prevención de riesgos laborales I) Rescalvo Santiago F., Gassent Arbona R., eds., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 4th ed., July 2000. 703p. Illus. 108 ref., ISBN 84-95366-14-2 (In Spanish) Internet: Manual for the prevention of occupational safety and health hazards published by an insurance company. Volume I covers the following areas: working conditions and occupational hazards; occupational accidents and diseases; occupational safety and health domains (occupational safety and hygiene, ergonomics, occupational medicine); risk analysis and evaluation; accident investigation and analysis of accident statistics; safety standards and hazard signalling; collective protection and personal protective equipment; emergency plans; safety of machinery, equipment and tools; safety of workplaces and worksites; handling, storage and transport of loads; electrical hazards; electrical and blowtorch welding; management of toxic and hazardous waste; safety inspections; preventive measures; hazards due to the exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents and exposure limits. (Volume II: CIS 01-700). (76696)
CIS 01-700 Manual on occupational hazard prevention II. (Spanish: Manual de prevención de riesgos laborales II) Rescalvo Santiago F., Gassent Arbona R., eds., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 4th ed., July 2000. 684p. Illus. 131 ref., ISBN 84-95366-14-2 (In Spanish) Internet: Manual for the prevention of occupational safety and health hazards published by an insurance company. Volume II covers the following areas: environmental factors and ergonomics; physical workload; mental workload; psychosocial factors; job dissatisfaction and stress; various types of work organization; OSH training of workers; communication, information and negotiation techniques; occupational safety and health planning and organization; management of hazards specific to certain occupational sectors (construction, extractive industries, road transport, agriculture and fishing); safety audits; product safety; quality management systems; environmental management; industrial safety; measures aimed at preventing or limiting accidents; summary of labour law; Spanish social security system; responsibilities of employers, workers and labour unions (Volume I: CIS 01-699). (76697)
CIS 01-701 Prevention of general hazards. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos generales) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2001. 73p. Illus., ISBN 84-95366-16-9 (In Spanish) Internet: After an introduction containing definitions of hazards at the workplace (risks of occupational accidents and diseases, and ergonomic factors), this booklet presents the basic principles of occupational safety and health. Main topics covered; falls of persons (from heights or at the level); falls of objects; trips; striking against objects; injuries due to objects or tools; projections of fragments or particles; entanglement in machinery, vehicles or objects; overexertion; exposure to extreme temperatures; thermal contact; direct electrical contact; exposure to hazardous, harmful or toxic substances and to radiation; fires and explosions; accidents caused by animals; biological hazards; noise and vibration; lighting; thermal stress; VDU workplaces; physical fatigue; mental workload; job dissatisfaction. An appendix includes self-appraisal exercises with answers and comments. (76700)
CIS 01-702 Handbook for safety, health and environment in the enterprise: A guide for small enterprises. (German: Handbuch für Sicherheit, Gesundheit und Umwelt im Betrieb: Ein Handlungsleitfaden für kleine Betriebe) Geyer A., Elsigan G., ppm Forschung und Beratung, Kaplanhofstrasse 1, 4020 Linz, Austria, 1998. 77p. + Diskette (forms in MS-Word, Word 97 for Windows 95). Price: ATS 300.00. (In German) Internet: A loose-leaf binder presenting eight modules allowing small enterprises to build their own safety, health and environmental management system. Contents include: evaluation of existing problems; defining tasks and responsibilities; workplace analysis; discussions with workers; centralizing the purchasing of chemicals and looking for substitution; defining the objectives and the means of achieving them; implementing measures and documenting results; defining the company's policies. Sample forms for documentation and check lists are included. Sample forms are also provided in electronic form. (76800)
CIS 01-703 Health and safety committees - A guide for workplaces. Occupational Health and Safety Authority, World Trade Centre, Corner Flinders and Spencer Streets, PO Box 414, Melbourne, Victoria 3005, Australia, June 1992. 15p. 5 ref., ISBN 0-7241-9729 (In English) Internet: The Occupation Health and Safety Act 1985 of the State of Victoria (see CIS 88-1751), which provides a framework for the prevention of occupation injury and disease, describes the basic requirements for constituting safety and health committees at the workplace, and for their functioning. This guide provides practical information on how to form a safety and health committee, its structure, functioning and role. (76854)
CIS 01-704 Occupational health and safety. Balge M.Z., Krieger G.R., eds., National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 3rd ed., 2000. ix, 595p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 79.95 (members), USD 99.95 (non-members)., ISBN 0-87912-203-X (In English) Internet: Detailed manual aimed at occupational health and safety (OHS) specialists in the United States. Contents: the OHS professions; OHS programmes (programme design, occupational medicine, occupational health nursing, safety, industrial hygiene, environmental regulations, radiation safety, workers' compensation management, travel health, remote work, ergonomics, employee safety and security, emergency response, community involvement, programme assessment and evaluation); human resource issues (pre-placement testing, stress management, substance abuse, scheduling shiftwork, employee education, gender issues in the workplace, workers with disabilities, outsourcing of OHS services); future issues (infectious diseases, occupational health in developing countries, sources of help). (76864)
CIS 01-705 Hygiene, safety, health and occupational accident prevention - Indispensable practical guide for your daily activity. (Portuguese: Higiene, segurança, saúde e prevenção de acidentes de trabalho - Um guia prático imprescindível para a sua actividade diária) Cabral F., ed., Verlag Dashöfer, Edições Profissionais Lda, Rua das Amoreiras 107, 1250-022 Lisboa, Portugal, 2000. Binder. Approx. 500p. Illus. Index., ISBN 972-98385-2-6 (In Portuguese) Internet: Training manual aimed at the teaching of all aspects of occupational safety and health in a modular manner at a fairly advanced technical level. Modules cover: preparation of safety manuals; employers' and employees' obligations; OSH management systems; organizing safety and health services; hazard evaluation; occupational safety; occupational hygiene; ergonomics; medical supervision of workers; fire prevention and protection; first aid; workers' compensation; practical examples of solutions; inspection of working conditions. (76880)
CIS 01-706 Occupational medicine I. (Spanish: Medicina del trabajo I) Rescalvo Santiago F., ed., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 436p. Illus. Ref.bibl., ISBN 84-95366-13-4 (In Spanish) Internet: Manual of occupational medicine in 2 volumes aimed at company health services. The first volume covers management issues while the second (see CIS 01-707) is devoted to pathologies. Contents include: working conditions and occupational hazards; occupational accidents and diseases; medical surveillance of workers; first aid; tools for promoting health at the workplace; epidemiology; research in occupational medicine; short-, medium- and long-term occupational health; auditing occupational safety and health systems; accreditation; evaluation and classification of permanent disabilities. (76698)
CIS 01-707 Occupational medicine II. (Spanish: Medicina del trabajo II) Rescalvo Santiago F., ed., IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 524p. Illus. Ref.bibl., ISBN 84-95366-13-4 (In Spanish) Internet: Manual of occupational medicine in 2 volumes aimed at company health services. The first volume covers management issues (see CIS 01-706) while the second is devoted to pathologies. Contents include: occupational carcinogenesis; lung cancer; diseases of the upper respiratory tract; respiratory diseases; acute respiratory infections; tuberculosis; viral hepatitis; HIV infections and AIDS; risks to women's health in various occupational settings; teratogenic effects; modifications to male fertility; cataract; heart diseases; musculoskeletal diseases; sick building syndrome; diseases caused by the use of visual display terminals; toxic and neurotoxic substances; occupational psychopathy; neurosis and alcoholism. (76699)
CIS 01-708 Health and safety guide for gamekeepers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 1998. 12p. Illus. 10 ref. (In English) Internet: Aimed at gamekeepers, this guide provides practical advice in the following areas: legal requirements; training; work environment; provision of first aid; duties to the public; control of hazardous chemicals; use of cyanide gassing powders; off-road transport; use of guns; chainsaws; overhead power lines; health hazards (Weil's disease, Lyme disease, dust, tetanus); burning moorland vegetation; pheasant rearing; deer stalking (handling and treatment of carcasses); work on inland waters. Replaces CIS 94-1869. (76845)
CIS 01-709 Tree work accidents - An analysis of fatal and serious injuries. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Dec. 2000. 10p. Illus. 5 ref. (In English) Internet: Between 1990 and 1996, there were 38 fatalities, 1,800 major injuries and 4,800 other injuries in the forestry and arboriculture sector in the United Kingdom. With a fatality and major injury rate of 316 per 100,000 employees, this sector is the most accident-prone of all industries. Contents of this safety guide include: dangers of chainsaws; preventing falls when working at heights on trees; landscaping work; falling trees and branches; overhead power lines; forestry sites on slopes; forestry machines. Replaces CIS 98-1279. (76850)
CIS 01-710 Hazards from electroplating processes - Safety and health manual. (Portuguese: Riscos de processos de electrodeposição - Manual de prevenção) Rodrigues F., Sousa J.P., Telo E., Gonçalves G., Aleixo I., Vicente F., Gonçalves I.C., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, Dec. 1999. 244p. Illus. 66 ref., ISBN 972-8321-30-9 (In Portuguese) Internet: This manual is aimed at preventing occupational hazards and promoting workers' health at companies using electroplating processes. The first part describes the electroplating process and the subsequent steps (polishing and cleaning) of the electroplated parts. The second part presents the various electroplating processes for different metals (chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, tin, brass, gold and silver) and the third part describes the methodology for hazard evaluation and the protective measures (storage, labeling, ventilation, personal protective equipment). Part 4 presents a case study of 120 electroplating companies of the Águeda region, Portugal. A glossary and legal requirements are included. (76875)
CIS 01-711 Car repair - Safety signalling. (Portuguese: Reparação automóvel - Sinalização de segurança nas oficinas) Ribeiro V.R., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, May 2000. 43p. Illus. 8 ref., ISBN 972-8321-36-8 (In Portuguese) Internet: Safety signs play an important role in the information of workers concerning the hazards to which they may be exposed. This manual gives guidance on correct safety signalling in the automobile repair sector. Different types of signals (lights, pictogrammes, acoustic signals) and places where they have to be posted are described. (76877)
CIS 01-712 Electroplating - What you need to know about the quality of life at work. (Portuguese: Galvânicas - O que você precisa saber sobre qualidade de vida no trabalho) Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 40p. Illus. (In Portuguese) Internet: This training manual in the form of a comic strip is aimed at workers in the electroplating industry. It describes the main environmental and health hazards of this industry, as well as good working conditions, and explains how the workers can obtain medical advice and improve conditions of work with the active participation of unions. Pathologies specific to this industry (chromium ulcer, cancer of the nasal septum) are described and recommendations for the use of toxic chemicals (sodium hydroxide; sulfuric, nitric and hydrochloric acids; cyanides) are provided. (76878)
CIS 01-713 Basic principles for the prevention of occupational safety and heath hazards in the construction industry. (Spanish: Normas básicas de prevención de riesgos laborales en la construcción) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 33p. Illus., ISBN 84-95366-12-6 (In Spanish) Internet: This booklet offers guidance on the basic safety principles applicable to the construction industry in Spain. Contents include: traffic at the construction site; personal protective equipment: housekeeping and cleanliness; hazards associated with trenching and excavating; protection against falls from heights; protection against falls of objects; work on scaffolds, ladders or platforms; work with earthmoving equipment; postures to be adopted when lifting loads; use of hand tools; signalling panels. (76721)
CIS 01-714 Industrial cattle slaughterhouse sector - Safety and health manual. (Portuguese: Sector dos matadouros industriais de reses - Manual de prevenção) Tarrinho A., Azevedo J., Silva J., Saltão J., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, Dec. 1999. 137p. Illus. 22 ref., ISBN 972-8321-34-1 (In Portuguese) Internet: This manual analyses the successive work operations in slaughterhouses. It identifies the work hazards from cattle, equipment, operation methods and surroundings, and describes the most suitable prevention measures. A glossary, a list of legal requirements and standards, and a self-assessment form of occupational safety and health conditions in the industrial slaughterhouse sector are included. (76874)
CIS 01-715 Fairgrounds and amusement parks - Guidance on safe practice. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, reprint, Oct. 2000. vi, 120p. (loose-leaf). Illus. 53 ref. Index. Price: GBP 12.00., ISBN 0-7176-1174-4 (In English) Internet: This loose-leaf binder provides guidance on safe practice for those professionally involved in activities at fairgrounds and amusement parks: designers, manufacturers, installers, importers, suppliers and repairers of fairground equipment; inspection bodies; fair organizers; controllers; operators and attendants. A section on general health and safety management covers risk assessment. Appendices cover relevant legislation, managing the design process, contents of an operations manual, safe use of electrical equipment, fire precautions and gas safety. Replaces CIS 97-1924. (76860)
CIS 01-716 Young people at work - A guide for employers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Dec. 2000. iv, 36p. 84 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-1889-7 (In English) Internet: This booklet describes general United Kingdom legislation for protecting the safety and health of young people at work and provides guidance on compliance with the law. A checklist shows different types of potentially hazardous agents, processes and work, along with guidance on measures to avoid the risk and a list of relevant legislation. Other topics covered include: general duties for all employers; risk assessment; information for parents; restrictions on the work of young people; training and supervision. An appendix describes the main employment and safety and health restrictions relating to the work of young people. Replaces CIS 97-1222. (76849)
CIS 01-717 A guide to the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 2000. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Nov. 2000. iv, 136p. Index. Price: GBP 13.50., ISBN 0-7176-1758-0 (In English) Internet: This guide provides the text of the Regulations with accompanying guidance. Contents: interpretation and application of the Regulations; risk assessment and notification of activities involving genetic modification; conduct of activities involving genetic modification; disclosure of information and publicity. Schedules and appendices include: criteria for the classification of organisms; risk assessment parameters; information required for notification; containment measures for microorganisms; European risk assessment guidance; examples of risk assessments; format for information to be supplied with accident notification. Replaces CIS 96-1365 (76848)
CIS 01-718 Prevention of risks to health from work at data display screens. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos en puestos de trabajo con pantallas de visualización de datos) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 3rd Rev.ed., 2001. 64p. Illus. 21 ref., ISBN 84-95366-17-7 (In Spanish) Internet: This booklet describes the characteristics of a work position in front of a computer screen and its ergonomic environment (work surface, chair, footrest, copy holder, work posture, equipment layout, lighting, arrangement of workplaces within the office, thermal environment). The ergonomics of the computer application used (ease of use, efficiency and suitability to the task at hand), the work organization and psychological issues (anxiety, stress) linked to work at computer screens are also important elements that need to be taken into account when conducting a job study. Appendices include: forms for conducting job studies of display-screen workplaces and self-evaluation exercises, including answers and comments. (76722)
CIS 01-719 Health risks management - A guide to working with solvents. (Welsh: Rheoli risgiau i iechyd: Canllaw i weithio gyda thoddyddion) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 24p. Illus. 2 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 98-1422. (76647)
CIS 01-720 Working safely with solvents: A guide to safe working practices. (Welsh: Gweithio'n ddiogel â thoddyddion: Canllaw i arferion gweithio diogel) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 4p. Illus. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 00-964. (76648)
CIS 01-721 The transitional arrangements for Biocidal Products Regulations - A guide for importers and suppliers of biocides. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2001. iv, 20p. Illus. Price: GBP 3.50., ISBN 0-7176-1736-X (In English) Internet: Aimed at importers and suppliers of biocides, this booklet highlights the main provisions of the current regulatory framework applicable in the United Kingdom. It gives a brief introduction to the Biocidal Products Regulations (BPR) and uses diagrams and flow charts to illustrate the steps involved in the authorization and product registration processes relating to biocides. Answers to frequently-asked questions on data protection, fees levied, provision of information, enforcement and labelling are also included. See CIS 01-722 and CIS 01-723. (76841)
CIS 01-722 A guide to the Biocidal Products Regulations for users of biocidal products. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2001. vi, 26p. Illus. 14 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-7176-1821-8 (In English) Internet: Aimed users of biocides, this booklet highlights the main provisions of Biocidal Products Regulations (BPR), which implement the Biocidal Product Directive 98/8/EC (BPD) in the United Kingdom. This guidance explains what biocidal products are, the regulatory process required before they can be used at the workplace or at home, how to use them safety and where to obtain further information. See CIS 01-721 and CIS 01-723. (76842)
CIS 01-723 A guide to the Biocidal Products Regulations for importers and suppliers of biocides. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2001. vi, 70p. Illus. 22 ref. Price: GBP 11.00., ISBN 0-7176-1822-6 (In English) Internet: Aimed at importers and suppliers of biocides, this guidance details the provisions of the Biocidal Products Regulations (BPR), which implement the Biocidal Product Directive 98/8/EC (BPD) in the United Kingdom. Contents include: overview of the Regulations; provisions applicable to suppliers and importers of active substances; provisions applicable to suppliers and importers of biocidal products; provisions applicable to biocide research and development; access to information; responsibilities of HSE as the competent supervisory authority. See also CIS 01-721 and CIS 01-722. (76843)
CIS 01-724 Assessing and managing risks at work from skin exposure to chemical agents. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Jan. 2001. iv, 28p. Illus. 44 ref. Price: GBP 8.00., ISBN 0-7176-1826-9 (In English) Internet: This booklet provides practical advice to employers on how to control skin exposure to chemical agents at the workplace. Main topics covered: legal requirements; skin action of chemical agents; health effects (irritant or allergic contact dermatitis; other skin diseases such as urticaria, loss of pigmentation, skin cancer; systemic effects); hazard identification: risk assessment (exposure pathways, skin exposure measurement, biological monitoring); risk management (exposure prevention or control, elimination or substitution of the harmful substance, engineering control, process modification, modification of working methods, personal protective equipment, skin care products); health surveillance; information and training. Appendix includes references to relevant legislation. (76857)
CIS 01-725 Guide for interpreting and using chemical safety sheets. (Spanish: Guía para la interpretación y utilización de las fichas de seguridad química) Regidor Braojos L., Alonso Espaladé R.M., Huici Montagud A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 55p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-562-7 (In Spanish) Internet: This guide provides users occupationally exposed to chemicals with the technical knowledge for interpreting chemical data sheets. The various elements which have to be taken into account are presented in the same order as that required by Spanish regulations: identification of the product and the manufacturer; composition; hazard identification; first aid; fire fighting; accidental spills; handling and storage; exposure control and personal protective equipment; physical and chemical properties; stability and reactivity; toxicology; ecotoxicology; disposal; transportation; regulatory information (danger symbols; R and S-phrases); additional information. A glossary of the most common technical terms used in safety data sheets is provided. (76871)
CIS 01-726 Choice of skin care products for the workplace. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Jan. 2001. iv, 12p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: GBP 3.00., ISBN 0-7176-1825-0 (In English) Internet: Certain substances used at the workplace can damage the skin. This guidance booklet is aimed at employers and safety and health specialists who may have to provide skin care products for workers. Main topics covered: signs and symptoms of occupational dermatitis (contact dermatitis, eczema) and industrial sectors involved; how dermatitis is caused (irritation, sensitization); employers' responsibilities; various types of skin care products (pre-work or barrier creams, skin cleansers, after-work creams or moisturisers) and their effectiveness; allergic reactions to skin care products; criteria for choosing skin care products. An appendix includes examples of substances which can cause dermatitis. (76859)
CIS 01-727 Cost and effectiveness of chemical protective gloves for the workplace. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Jan. 2001. iv, 24p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-7176-1828-5 (In English) Internet: This guidance booklet provides practical advice to employers on the cost and effectiveness of chemical protective gloves used in the workplace. Main topics covered: legal requirements; cost factors (purchase and replacement; comfort and dexterity; protection level; storage, maintenance and disposal; training); glove resistance to permeation, penetration and degradation; selection of suitable protective gloves. Appendices include examples of cost calculations of protective glove programmes, as well as permeation, penetration and degradation resistance test methods and standards. (76858)
CIS 01-728 Accident prevention manual for business and industry: Environmental management. Krieger G.R., ed., National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca IL 60143-3201, USA, 2nd ed., 2000. xiv, 539p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 79.95 (members), USD 99.95 (non-members)., ISBN 0-87912-209-9 (In English) Internet: Fourth part of a series of textbooks on safety management in enterprises (for parts 1, 2 and 3, see CIS 01-692, CIS 01-693 and CIS 00-396). It covers environmental management from the business point of view. Contents: general framework (history and development, economic and ethical issues, legal and legislative framework in the US and internationally, basic principles of environmental science, managing environmental resources, environmental audits and site assessments); waste management (hazardous wastes, health and safety training for hazardous waste activities, pollution prevention approaches and technologies); special concerns (public health issues, risk assessment, indoor air quality, global issues, using the systems approach to avoid risks). In appendices: case studies; sources of help; glossaries. (76863)
CIS 01-729 Solder fume and you. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Dec. 2000. 11p. 6 ref. (In English) Internet: Aimed at employees involved in soldering tasks, this booklet provides guidance on health hazards from solder fumes when using soldering materials containing rosin, and on the corresponding precautions which need to be taken. Main topics covered: uses of rosin in soldering; health hazards (respiratory and skin effects); modes of how exposure; legal requirements; employers' responsibilities; employees' responsibilities; health surveillance. Replaces CIS 97-1144. (76856)
CIS 01-730 Automobile repair - Respiratory protective equipment for painting. (Portuguese: Reparação automóvel - Aparelhos de protecção respiratória em pintura) Ribeiro V.R., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, May 2000. 49p. Illus. 9 ref., ISBN 972-8321-35-X (In Portuguese) Internet: Training manual on respiratory protective equipment for painting in automobile repair shops. Main topics covered: descriptions of main hazards and intoxication routes; exposure limit values; types of respirators; components of respirators; classification of respirator filters; selection of respirators; use and maintenance; safety signs required when working with paint. (76876)
CIS 01-731 Local exhaust ventilation in electroplating. (Portuguese: Ventilação local exaustora em galvanoplastia) Vieira Sobrinho F., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1996. ix, 48p. Illus. 2 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Electroplating operations require good local exhaust ventilation in order to avoid health problems among workers. This manual covers: basic principles of industrial hygiene, electrolytic processes and industrial ventilation; components of a local exhaust ventilation system; dimensioning of aspiration equipment and ducts; general ventilation (dilution of pollutants, air circulation); assessment of the efficiency of a captor; exhaust in cleaning and polishing operations. (76879)
CIS 01-732 Maintaining portable electrical equipment in offices and other low risk environments. (Welsh: Cynnal a chadw offer trydanol symudol mewn swyddfeydd ac amgylcheddau risg isel eraill) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 8p. Illus. 4 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 96-2060. It is a brief practical guide to the inspection and testing of portable electrical equipment in offices and similar environments. The various hazards and corresponding testing are covered in a question-and-answer form. A check list is provided for the kind of testing necessary for various kinds of equipment. (76643)
CIS 01-733 Electrical safety and you. (Welsh: Diogelwch trydanol a chi) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 8p. 18 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 97-450. This leaflet outlines basic measures to help control the risks from the use of electricity at work. The main hazards are identified along with ways of assessing and reducing the risks: ensuring the electrical installation is safe; providing safe and suitable equipment; reducing the voltage; providing safety devices; carrying out preventive maintenance; and ensuring safe methods of work. (76644)
CIS 01-734 Hand-arm vibration. Advice for employers and advice on vibration white finger for employees and the self-employed. (Welsh: Risgiau i iechyd o ddirgryniad llaw-braich: Cyngor i gyflogwyr; Cyngor i weithwyr a'r hunan-gyflogedig) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 2 booklets (15p. and 7p.). 6 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 94-1885. The first of these two booklets provides advice to employers on the injuries caused by hand-arm vibration, jobs affected, control measures, information and training for employees and health surveillance. The second is aimed at employees and describes the nature and symptoms of vibration white finger, the causes of the problem and ways of reducing the risk. (76641)
CIS 01-735 Working safely with ionising radiation: Guidelines for expectant or breastfeeding mothers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Mar. 2001. 11p. 8 ref. (In English) Internet: This booklet provides advice to expectant or breastfeeding mothers and to women contemplating the possibility of pregnancy working in the presence of ionizing radiation. It outlines the precautions that the employee can take herself, as well as the legal responsibilities of the employer. Contents include: legal dose limits in the United Kingdom; informing the employer; limiting exposure to radiations; precautions when breastfeeding. (76689)
CIS 01-736 Preventing slips, trips and falls at work. (Welsh: Atal llithro, baglu a syrthio yn y gwaith) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 7p. Illus. 2 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 96-1278. Training and instructional booklet aimed at employers and management alike. Contents: legal requirements in the United Kingdom; management of health and safety; examination of slip and trip risks; good working practices. In annex: table presenting hazards and corresponding suggested action. (76642)
CIS 01-737 Managing vehicle safety at the workplace. (Welsh: Rheoli diogelwch cerbydau yn y gweithle: Taflen i gyflowyr) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 14p. Illus. 10 ref. (In Welsh) Internet: Translation into Welsh of the document originally abstracted as CIS 00-1576. In the United Kingdom, there are approximately 70 fatalities and 1,000 major injuries each year in accidents involving vehicles at the workplace. These accidents usually involve being struck by moving vehicles or by objects falling from vehicles, falling from vehicles and being inside vehicles that have overturned. Aimed at employers, this booklet provides guidance on how to conduct a risk assessment of the safety of vehicles at the workplace. It includes a brief mention of employers' legal duties and contains a checklist for identifying hazards and assessing whether existing precautions are adequate. (76650)
CIS 01-738 Slips and trips: Guidance for employers on identifying hazards and controlling risks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Jan. 2001. iv, 28p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: GBP 7.50., ISBN 0-7176-1145-0 (In English) Internet: Contents of this guide: legal requirements for the prevention or control of slip and trip risks; cost of slip and trip accidents; general health and safety management; assessing and managing slip and trip risks; good housekeeping (lighting, flooring, obstructions, footwear). In appendices: floors (choice of flooring, measuring slipperiness, improving slip-resistance, cleaning and maintenance); choice of suitable footwear for different floor surfaces. Replaces CIS 96-1486. (76844)
CIS 01-739 Concepts and techniques of machine safeguarding. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, D.C. 20402-9328, USA, Rev.ed., 1992. v, 88p. Illus. 31 ref., ISBN 0-16-037972-5 (In English) Internet: This manual provides guidance to employers, employees, machinery manufacturers, machine guard designers and constructors and all other persons having an interest in protecting workers against the hazards of moving machine parts. Contents include: basic information on machine safeguarding; methods of safeguarding (guards, safety devices, safeguarding by location or distance, feeding and ejection methods to improve operator safety); machinery maintenance and repair; utilization of industry consensus standards and ANSI safety standards; robotics; cellular manufacturing systems; ergonomic considerations; role of cooperation and alertness for preventing accidents. Synoptic tables of types of guards and devices, showing action, advantages and limitations, as well as a checklist aimed at determining safeguarding needs are provided. Rights and responsibilities are also highlighted. Replaces CIS 81-932. (76855)
CIS 01-740 Tractor action - A step-by-step safety guide. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Dec. 2000. 26p. Illus. 8 ref. (In English) Internet: This training guide describes safety procedures for the use of tractors and tractor-operated machinery. A number of tractor accidents are described and guidance is given on their avoidance. These include safety checks, safe stopping procedures, positioning and use of controls, awareness of other people in the immediate vicinity, safe use of power take-off shafts and protection against overturning. Replaces CIS 95-1280. (76846)
CIS 01-741 Personal protective equipment against falls from heights. (Spanish: Equipos de protección individual contra caídas de altura) Portillo García-Pintos J., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 14p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-565-1 (In Spanish) Internet: This guide on personal protective equipment against falls from heights describes the different parts of fall arresters (harness and connection to join the harness to the anchoring system) and shows examples of different types of fall arresters and of CE labelling for these devices. The main hazards due to falls from heights when wearing the fall arresters (hazards from movement limitation, feet being caught in the anchorage system, braking, oscillation or suspension during the fall) are described. Guidelines for the selection, use and maintenance are given along with a check list for their specifications. (76872)
CIS 01-742 Exposure to blood - What health-care workers need to know. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, [2000]. 9p. (In English) Internet: Health care workers are at risk for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Exposures occur through needle pricks or cuts from other sharp instruments contaminated with an infected patient's blood. Aimed at health care workers, this booklet provides guidance on reducing the risks from exposure to blood. Contents include: prevention of exposure; actions to undertake if exposure occurs; risk of developing an infection after exposure; treatment for the exposure; follow-up after exposure. (76690)
CIS 01-743 Lighting at work. Armstrong R., Occupational Health and Safety Authority, World Trade Centre, Corner Flinders and Spencer Streets, PO Box 414, Melbourne, Victoria 3005, Australia, July 1992. 24p. Illus. 9 ref., ISBN 0-7241-9727-3 (In English) Internet: This booklet explains how lighting at work can affect safety and health. Poor lighting makes it difficult to see and recognize hazards, causes eye strain, induces stressful postures and can give rise to other safety or health problems. The booklet offers guidance on how to approach problems with lighting at work. The main steps are to design the workplace so as to avoid such problems, and to identify and assess them at the workplace (lighting levels, glare, reflection and shadow), and to develop, implement and evaluate solutions. Examples of solutions are provided, as well as a checklist and a questionnaire for the identification and assessment of lighting problems. Relevant legislation and regulations are also mentioned. (76852)
CIS 01-744 A pain in your workplace? Ergonomic problems and solutions. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Mar. 2001. xii, 94p. Illus. 18 ref. Price: GBP 10.95., ISBN 0-7176-0668-6 (In English) Internet: This guidance is aimed at employers who may be putting their employees at risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal diseases. It describes the causes of these problems and shows simple and cost-effective ways of reducing them in the form of 77 real-life case studies in a broad range of sectors and occupations. Replaces CIS 94-1895. (76847)
CIS 01-745 Working while seated - How to prevent backache. (Portuguese: Trabalhar sentado - como prevenir as dores na sua coluna) Abreu P., Cruz E., Associação Portuguesa de Fisioterapeutas, Lisboa, Portugal, 2000. 15p. Illus. + CD-ROM (In Portuguese) Internet: The aim of this guide and CD-ROM edited by the Portuguese association of physiotherapists is to prevent back problems and discomfort during work in a seated posture, particularly when working with a computer. Main topics covered: anatomy of spinal column; causes of back problems; causes of discomfort (muscular tension, psychological stress, disc lesions, spondylarthrosis); health consequences of incorrect seated posture and repetitive movements; correct posture and movements; ergonomic design of the workplace; exercises to be done at the workplace and at home; advice for a healthy lifestyle. (76873)
CIS 01-746 SOLVE - Stress, Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs, HIV/AIDS, Violence: Managing emerging health-related problems at work. Di Martino V., Gold D., Schaap A., International Labour Office, InFocus Safework, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 5 brochures. Illus. (In English) Internet: Folder with five leaflets on common psychosocial issues that may affect safety and health in the workplace. (76685)
Periodicals, books, databases, audiovisualsCIS 01-747 Fatal occupational injuries in a new development area in the People's Republic of China. Xia Z.L., Courtney T.K, Sorock G.S., Zhu J.L., Fu H., Liang Y.X., Christiani D.C., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 2000, Vol.42, No.9, p.917-922. 9 ref. (In English) Internet: Fatal occupational injuries in a new development region in eastern China are described. All occupational deaths in the East Pujiang New Area during the period 1991 through 1997 were abstracted from multiple, overlapping source documents. There were 426 deaths and a crude mortality rate of 9.1 per 100,000 workers. The death rate was highest in 1995 (14.6%), when expansion in the area was most rapid. The construction sector accounted for 55% of the deaths, followed by manufacturing (23%) and transport, storage, and telecommunications (11%). Falls, collisions, strikes by or against objects, and electrocutions accounted for 80% of all deaths. Falls led all other causes of deaths (33%) and were particularly prevalent in the construction industry (46% of all deaths in construction). The development of ongoing, comprehensive injury surveillance systems in the People's Republic of China will be essential to target and evaluate injury prevention activities in the future. (76733)
CIS 01-748 Hazards management. Ali M.K., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.63-65; 67-69. (In English) Internet: This article on hazards management considers the four basic steps of identification, assessment, control and recovery under the following headings: workplace hazard assessment, including workplace inspection, criteria for the selection of jobs to be assessed, describing jobs as a sequence of steps and identifying workplace hazards; process hazard assessment, including process hazard identification, consequences analysis, process hazard review, preliminary hazard analysis, "what if" analysis, hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies, failure modes analysis, inspection, control and employee behaviour; hazard prevention and control, including periodic reviews; hazards recovery and contingency planning. (76636)
CIS 01-749 Personal safety. Ashraf M., Obaid-ur-Rahman S., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.77-79; 81-82. (In English) Internet: General article on personal protection in Pakistani workplaces, under the following headings: workplace hazards and control, including human factors, housekeeping, temperature, lighting and ventilation, work practices, noise and vibration, toxic substances, physiochemical hazards, ionizing radiation hazards, machinery hazards and electrical hazards. It should be the responsibility of management to specify when protective equipment is required and to make appropriate equipment available to workers, who then have a duty to use them. (76638)
CIS 01-750 Gender differences in work-related injury/illness: Analysis of workers compensation claims. Islam S.S., Velilla A.M., Doyle E.J., Ducatman A.M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 2001, Vol.39, No.1, p.84-91. Illus. 22 ref. (In English) Internet: This study compares work-related injuries and illnesses between women and men across all major industrial sectors and occupations using a West Virginia (US) state-managed workers' compensation database. The overall rate for injury and illness was significantly lower in women than men (5.5 vs. 11.5 per 100 employees), a pattern that extended to all major industrial classes with the exception of the service and agricultural sectors. The distribution of types of injury and illness varied by sex, occupation and industry with significantly higher risk of carpal tunnel syndrome, burn, sprain and fracture in women than in men. Further research is required to understand the role of sex-specific tasks within each sector in explaining the risk difference. (76594)
CIS 01-751 Role of employers in health and safety efforts for workers. Mohammad S.T., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.5-6; 8-9. (In English) Internet: This article discusses the responsibilities of employers in Pakistan in the protection of workers against the most commonly observed occupational hazards. These hazards relate to deficiencies or inadequacies in machine guarding, fire protection system inspections, respiratory protection, electrical equipment guarding, safety programmes for powered industrial trucks, fire drills, industrial hygiene and employee training. It is the responsibility of the employer to ensure the safety of employees and compliance with safety and health legislation. ILO conventions 155 and 148, covering provisions enabling workers to report unsafe conditions, to present proposals, to obtain information and to receive training, are mentioned. (76631)
CIS 01-752 Occupational safety and health situation in Pakistan - Present challenges and suggestions for improvement. Awan S.A., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.17-19; 21-23. Illus. (In English) Internet: This article presents the policies of the Pakistani government in the area of occupational safety and health. The draft Labour and Manpower Policy of 1999 envisages the establishment of a National Safety and Health Council, which is to have representation from workers, employers and government agencies, as well as experts in the field of occupational safety and health. Current laws and regulations are mentioned, and OSH institutions and labour inspection systems are described. Several suggestions are made for improving occupational safety and health through legislation, training and information. (76633)
CIS 01-753 Industrial hygiene. Khawaja M.I., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.71-74. (In English) Internet: General article on industrial hygiene under the following headings: environmental factors or stresses including chemical, physical, ergonomic and biological hazards; occupational skin diseases, including primary irritation dermatitis and sensitization dermatitis; control methods; the Occupational Safety and Health Act of the United States and Pakistani legislation. (76637)
CIS 01-754 Information systems for occupational safety, health and standardization. (German: Informationssysteme zu Arbeitschutz und Normung) Zieschang H., Ackers D., Verein zur Förderung der Arbeitssicherheit in Europa e.V., Kommission Arbeitsschutz und Normung (KAN), Geschäftsstelle, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany, May 1997. 93p. 43 ref., ISBN 3-88383-459-9 (In German) Internet: Topics: computer applications; data processing; Germany; information processing and retrieval; internet document; safety and health documentation; standardization; telecommunications. (76765)
CIS 01-755 Introduction of an organization and a quality assurance system for occupational safety and health through work groups - A critical assessment of insights and collection of positive examples. (German: Organisation und Qualitätssicherung des betrieblichen Arbeitsschutzes bei der Einführung von Gruppenarbeit - Bilanzierung von Ergebnissen, Sammlung von Positivbeispielen) Stoll R., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1998. 75p. Illus. 152 ref., ISBN 3-89701-168-9 (In German) Internet: Topics: Germany; human behaviour; human relations; plant safety and health organization; quality control; role of management; safety and health committees; work organization; workers participation. (76766)
CIS 01-756 Maintenance operation interactions and safety: Literature survey. 1. Maintenance tasks: Definitions and characteristics leading to their criticality. (French: Interactions maintenance-exploitation et sécurité: étude bibliographique. 1. Les tâches de maintenance: définitions et caractéristiques contribuant à leur criticité) Grusenmeyer C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, May 2000. ii, 46p. 54 ref. (In French) Internet: This report consists of the first part of a literature review investigating the interactions between maintenance and production and their consequences for reliability and safety. It specifically addresses maintenance activities and the reasons behind their criticality in terms of safety, which include their wide diversity, their inherent uncertainty, the absence of fixed workplaces and high worker mobility, the need for a wide range of skills and the strong time pressure. (See also CIS 01-757). (76775)
CIS 01-757 Maintenance operation interactions and safety: Literature survey. 2. Functional and organizational relationships: Characterization and consequences for safety. (French: Interactions maintenance-exploitation et sécurité: étude bibliographique. 2. Relations fonctionnelles et organisationnelles: caractérisation et conséquences pour la sécurité) Grusenmeyer C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, May 2000. ii, 37p. Illus. 40 ref. (In French) Internet: This report is the second part of a literature review investigating the interactions between maintenance and production and their consequences for reliability and safety. It specifically addresses the functional and organizational relationships of maintenance and production and their possible risks for the safety of maintenance activities, which include the simultaneous interventions of maintenance and production operators, conflicting productivity and reliability demands and proper integration of maintenance and operational tasks. (See also CIS 01-756). (76776)
CIS 01-758 Digital information management: Occupational safety, environment, quality management. (German: Digitales Informations-Management: Arbeitssicherheit, Umwelt, Qualitätsmanagement) Boch J., UB Media Verlag, Gewerbestrasse 10-12, 84427 St. Wolfgang, Germany, 1998. 24p. Illus. (In German) Internet: Catalogue of electronic publications and databases available in Germany on the subjects of occupational safety, plant safety, legal aspects of dangerous substances, pressure vessels, flammable liquids, transport of dangerous goods, waste management, effluent management, site remediation, environmental management and eco audits, and quality management. (76794)
CIS 01-759 Occupational safety in Europe: comparative survey in some Member States. (Italian: Sicurezza sul lavoro in Europa: indagine comparata in alcuni Stati membri) Pirone G.M, ed., Istituto Italiano di Medicina Sociale, Via P.S. Mancini, 28, 00196 Roma, Italy, 1998. 82p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 88-87098-13-1 (In Italian) Internet: Comparative study of occupational safety and health (OSH) practices in six member states of the European Union: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Main themes covered for each country: impact of community law on the organization of OSH within enterprises; application of the framework directive (Directive 89/391/EEC, see CIS 89-1401); control, insurance and social protection aspects; obligations of employers; OSH services; workers' participation. A separate section is devoted to an overview of prevention and protection services in the workplace within the whole of the European Union. (76868)
CIS 01-760 Statistics applied to occupational safety. (Portuguese: Estatística aplicada à saúde ocupacional) Bussacos M.A., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 102p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This publication is a guide to the use of statistics in occupational safety and health in Brazil, providing examples of various statistical tools used for analysing data (normal distribution, Poisson distribution, Student's distribution), as well as graphical presentations (histograms, pie charts, peak-flow curves) applied to practical cases. (76664)
CIS 01-761 Annual report 1999 - Department of Industrial Health. Ministry of Manpower, Department of Industrial Health, 18 Havelock Road, Singapore 059764, Republic of Singapore, 1999. iii, 73p. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: This report provides a review of the activities of the Singapore Department of Industrial Health in 1999 in the areas of: occupational diseases, medical surveillance, complaints and consultations, industrial hygiene activities, occupational health programmes at workplaces, statutory requirements, training and health education, surveys and studies. Departmental publications are listed. (76675)
CIS 01-762 Annual report 1999 - Industrial Safety Division. Ministry of Manpower, Occupational Safety Department, 18 Havelock Road, Singapore 059764, Republic of Singapore, 1999. ii, 36p.+34p. (Annex). Illus (In English) Internet: This report describes the organization and functions of the Singapore Department of Industrial Safety and presents an overview of industrial safety for 1999. Activities of the Department include enforcement and regulatory activities, monitoring programmes, OSH training and promotion programmes, and special projects and studies. Appendices include statistics on industrial accidents for the 1990-1999 period. (76676)
CIS 01-763 Health and safety statistics 1999/2000. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. xii, 213p. Illus. 23 ref. Price: GBP 17.50., ISBN 0-7176-1867-6 (In English) Internet: This report analyses occupational accidents and diseases in Great Britain (i.e. England, Wales and Scotland) for the year 1999/2000. The fist part covers injury and dangerous-occurrence accidents by type of accident (fatal or non-fatal), severity rate, sex and age of employees, category of persons affected (employed, self-employed, member of the public), dangerous occurrences from supply and use of flammable gases, and enforcement. The second part covers statistics of occupational diseases by cause and type (chemical, physical, biological, musculoskeletal diseases, sick building syndrome and other hazards). (76678)
CIS 01-764 Worker health chartbook, 2000. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Sep. 2000. xvii, 250p. Illus. 88 ref. (In English) Internet: This publication provides information on occupational safety and health surveillance from different sources in the United States. It covers fatal injury and fatal illness by State, age, race, sex and occupation as well as non-fatal injury by sector and injury type, and non-fatal occupational diseases. One chapter is dedicated to mining. Descriptions of surveillance systems and of industry and occupation coding systems are included in the appendixes. (76679)
CIS 01-765 Elimination of occupational accidents as a means of improving the competitiveness of the company. (Spanish: Eliminación de accidentes en el trabajo para lograr la competitividad de la empresa) Fertimex, Mexico, no date. 47p. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: This booklet presents a compilation of occupational accident statistics in Mexico between 1980 and 1990, together with a comparison of statistical trends of fatal accidents and accident absenteeism between 1985 and 1989 in several European counties, the United States, Korea and Mexico. It also describes a plan aimed at preventing accidents at a Mexican fertilizer producer implemented in 1990, and which resulted in improved productivity. A number of muscular warming-up exercises designed for workers whose tasks involve a high level of physical activity are presented in an appendix. (76725)
CIS 01-766 Administration report 1998. Wimalasena R.P., Department of Labour, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1998. iii, 47p. (In English) Internet: Activities of the Sri Lanka Department of Labour in occupational safety and hygiene, human resources placement, management of the Employees' Provident Fund and workers training are described. Statistics on fatal and non fatal accidents and workers education for 1998 as well as the results of annual employment surveys on minimum wages, average earnings and worked hours are also presented. (76739)
CIS 01-767 Occupational risk evaluation: 1. Methodical basis. (Polish: Ocena ryzyka zawodowego: 1. Podstawy metodyczne) Zawieski W.M, ed., Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy, ul. Czerniakowska 16, 00701 Warszawa, Poland, 1999. 344p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 83-87354-93-7 (In Polish) Internet: This publication reviews basic methods of risk assessment in various work-related hazards. Contents: hazardous chemical substances; dust; noise; infrasound; ultrasound; mechanical vibration; electrical lighting; non-laser ultraviolet and infrared radiation; laser radiation; electromagnetic fields and radiation; heat load; mechanical factors; biological factors; static and dynamic physical load; psychological work load; explosive atmospheres; risk evaluation as a component of an occupational safety and health management system. (76720)
CIS 01-768 Safe work in the 21st century. National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Box 825, Washington DC 20055, USA, 2000. xxi, 242p. Illus. 226 ref. Price: USD 44.00., ISBN 0-309-07026-0 (In English) Internet: This report analyses the changes encountered in the working environment over the past decades in the United States (increased diversity and mobility in workforce, temporary jobs, telework, part time work, outsourced work) which complicate the implementation of workplace safety and health programmes and argue for new types of training programmes especially for small and mid-sized enterprises. The report concludes that there is a clear need for more OSH professionals at all levels and that more emphasis should be placed on injury prevention and training. Ten recommendations to improve current and future OSH interventions and training programmes are proposed. (76746)
CIS 01-769 Systematic occupational health and safety management: Perspectives on an international development. Frick K., Langaa Jensen P., Quinlan M., Wilthagen T., Arbetslivinstitutet, eds., Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom, 2000. xxi, 527p. Approx. 890 ref. Index. Price: USD 105.00; EUR 91.21., ISBN 0-08-043413-4 (In English) Internet: This book examines the origins, development and application of occupational safety and health management (OSHM) and contains contributions from leading international experts which provide an international perspective on the effectiveness in managing ill-health at work. It also examines the impact of recent changes in economic, labour market, organizational and regulatory structures. Main topics covered: politics and strategies to promote systematic OSHM; applicability of OSHM in changing labour markets and business structures; implementation in 4 member states of the European Union, Norway, the UK and Canada, and effects; integrating OSHM into business and management development. (76747)
CIS 01-770 Work and health in small enterprises. Research results and experience in prevention. Workshop proceedings. (German: Arbeit und Gesundheit im Kleinbetrieb. Forschungsergebnisse und Präventionserfahrungen. Tagungsband) Pröll U., ed., Sozialforschungsstelle Dortmund, Landesinstitut, Evinger Platz 17, 44339 Dortmund, Germany, 1998. 150p. Illus. 45 ref. (In German) Internet: Proceedings of a workshop held in Dortmund, Germany, 28 April 1998, on projects relating to health promotion in small enterprises funded by the German Ministry for Research and Technology. Individual projects and experience from participating small enterprises were presented. Positive and negative aspects of safety and health in small enterprises (family enterprises, carpenter shops, bakeries, heating and plumbing trades) were discussed. Main topics covered: allergies, information deficits, ageing of the workforce, health insurance and possibilities of a regional network to support prevention in small and medium enterprises. (76795)
CIS 01-771 Indian Standard - Code of Practice on Occupational Safety and Health Audit. Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002, India, 1998. 16p. (In English) Internet: This standard establishes objectives, criteria and practices for occupational safety and health (OSH) audits, and it provides guidelines for their establishment, planning, execution and documentation in the workplace. In annex: elements of an OSH system; types of records to be examined during a safety audit; contents of a safety audit questionnaire. (76866)
CIS 01-772 Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary. (French: Systèmes de management de la qualité - Principes essentiels et vocabulaire) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 2000. vi, 29p. Illus. 19 ref. Index. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard describes fundamentals of quality management systems, which form the subject of the ISO 9000 family. It defines the requirements for quality management systems and products, the approach, the quality policy and the quality objectives, the documentation needed, the evaluation, the auditing and the reviewing of the quality management system as well as the applied terminology. (76671)
CIS 01-773 Software user manual. Guide to the definition of risk-related industrial safety measures in the enterprise. (German: Benutzerhandbuch zur Software. Ratgeber zur Ermittlung gefährdungsbezogener Arbeitsschutzmassnahmen im Betrieb) Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1998. 46p. + CD-ROM., ISBN 3-89429-268-5, ISBN 3-89701-268-5 (In German) Internet: This CD-ROM is a software tool developed by the German Federal Institute for Industrial Hygiene and Medical Prevention (BauA) to help industrial hygiene specialists in all sectors of the economy evaluate workplace risks. A user's manual is included. The CD-ROM enables an interactive search of 14 risk factors and current regulations, and the use of included or custom-tailored check-lists. (76791)
CIS 01-774 Complete database of accident prevention directives on CD-ROM. (German: ZH 1-Gesamtausgabe auf CD-ROM) Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Str. 449, 50939 Köln, Germany, 4th ed., 1998. CD-ROM for Windows 3.1, Windows 95 or NT 4.0., ISBN 3-452-23845-8 (In German) Internet: This CD-ROM contains the full text of German safety and health directives and other guidance documents to date in the ZH, TRB, TRR and VBG series. (76761)
CIS 01-775 Guide and technical data sheets for the prevention of occupational hazards. (Spanish: Guía y fichas técnicas de prevención de riesgos laborales) IBERMUTUAMUR, Ramírez de Arellano 27, 28403 Madrid, Spain, 1999. CD-ROM for MS-DOS, or Windows 3.1 or 95 (processor 456 DXZ (higher recommended), min. 8 MB RAM, video card SVGA 1 Mb, 640x480, 256 colours, sound card SOUND-BLASTER, or compatible)., ISBN 84-930169-5-0 (In Spanish) Internet: CD-ROM of educational material for training in the area of occupational hazards in Spain. It contains a guide for implementing an occupational hazard management system as well as two sets of data sheets on the different hazards that may be encountered at the place of work in various occupational settings, as well as their corresponding prevention measures. (76691)
CIS 01-776 Effects of manual handling, posture, and whole body vibrations on low-back pain. Meyer J.P., Flenghi D., Deschamps J.P., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1998, Vol.4, No.4, p.449-470. Illus. 22 ref. (In English) Internet: To determine the effect of occupational stress on low-back pain (LBP), workers exposed to 3 kinds of stress, manual handling (MH, 82 women and 264 men), whole body vibration (WBV, 274 men) and static postures (278 women), were interviewed. Anthropometric data, occupational stress, LBP severity and frequency and a psychological evaluation of these groups were compared with those of a control population of 104 men and 104 women. The results show age and the body mass index of the workers were the parameters most closely associated with LBP. Women involved in MH had higher frequency and severity of LBP than their reference population. Men involved in MH or exposed to WBV had higher frequency of painful episodes than their reference population. Workers exposed to one of the stresses were on sick leave with LBP more often, and for longer periods, than workers in the reference group. Individual factors are often decisive in the onset of LBP, but occupational stress can be an aggravating factor for serious LBP cases. (76712)
CIS 01-777 Physician reports of work-related asthma in California, 1993-1996. Reinisch F., Harrison R.J., Cussler S., Athanasoulis M., Balmes J., Blanc P., Cone J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 2001, Vol.39, No.1, p.72-83. Illus. 28 ref. (In English) Internet: Work-related asthma was studied in California over a 36-month period. Cases were identified from Doctor's First Reports (DFRs), a mandated physician reporting system. Structured follow-up telephone interviews of DFR asthma cases were conducted to collect work history, exposure, and medical information. Statewide employment data was used to calculate disease rates among industry groups. Based on 945 cases of work-related asthma, the average annual reporting rate for work-related asthma in California was 25/million workers. It is believed that the real rate is considerably higher after adjustment for underreporting. Janitors and cleaners (625/million) and firefighters (300/million) had the highest reporting rates of work-related asthma. Half of all work-related asthma cases were associated with agents not known to be allergens. A greater proportion of work-related asthma associated with irritant exposures was identified than has previously been reported. (76593)
CIS 01-778 Risk factors for work-related low back pain in the People's Republic of China. Jin K., Sorock G.S., Courtney T., Liang Y., Yao Z., Matz S., Ge L., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan.-Mar. 2000, Vol.6, No.1, p.26-33. 39 ref. (In English) Internet: A critical review was conducted of studies of work-related low back pain in the People's Republic of China. The published literature in both English and Chinese from 1983 to 1997 was reviewed for studies that permitted the calculation of prevalence ratios. Thirty-five papers were identified initially, and 16 (14 in Chinese and 2 in English) were selected for more detailed review. Prevalence ratios were statistically elevated in all but two of the selected studies. Prevalence ratios for individual groups ranged from 2.0 to 8.5 for bending and twisting, 1.5 to 14.3 for static posture, 1.9 to 5.5 for whole-body vibration, and 2.6 to 9.4 for low-temperature exposure. The review findings suggest that three physical risk factors - bending and twisting, static posture and whole-body vibration - all well known in the international litterature, are associated with the prevalence of low back pain in the People's Republic of China. (76731)
CIS 01-779 Contact allergies in the construction industry - An evaluation of the IVDK data 1994-1996. (German: Kontaktallergien im Bau-Hauptgewerbe - Eine Auswertung der Daten des Informatiksverbunds Dermatologischen Kliniken (IVDK) 1994-1996) Geier J., Schnuch A., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, May-June 1998, Vol.46. No.3, p.109-114. 20 ref. (In German) Internet: Topics: allergens; bricklaying; isopropylphenylphenylenediamine; nickel; potassium dichromate; construction sites; epidemiologic study; epoxy resins; Germany; sensitization; skin allergies; skin diseases; skin tests; statistical evaluation; synthetic rubber; tiling. (76770)
CIS 01-780 Ocular discomfort and microclimate: Epidemiological and environmental survey in operating theatres. (Italian: Sintomi da discomfort oculare e microclima: indagine epidemiologica e ambientale nelle sale operatorie) Fenga C., Cacciola A., Grillo O.C., Anzalone C:, Germanò D., Medicina del lavoro, Mar.-Apr. 2000, Vol.91, No.2, p.125-130. 14 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Information on the ocular symptoms of 213 subjects working in the operating theatres of a hospital was gathered via a questionnaire. Microclimate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, number of air changes/hour, air velocity, illumination levels) of the operating theatres were also studied. A total of 154 subjects (72.3%) reported poor eye comfort. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue (35.21%) and heaviness (34.27%), followed by burning (25.82%), redness (25.35%), lachrymation (17.84%), itching (2%), blinking (20%), foreign body sensation (19%) and photophobia (10%). The study of the indoor climate of the operating theatres showed that the rate of air changes and the illumination levels were not consistent with those recommended by the Italian regulatory authority. Insufficient lighting may be responsible for eye fatigue and heaviness. The insufficient rate of air exchange, possibly combined with the presence of chemicals and aerosols, is thought to be responsible for the other ocular symptoms experienced by the workers. (76653)
CIS 01-781 Mental stress and strain in the light of changes in the working world and environment; Carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis - Colloqium on Occupational Medicine organized by the Mutual of Industrial Accident Insurance Associations. (German: Psychomentale Belastungen und Beanspruchungen im Wandel von Arbeitswelt und Umwelt; Kanzerogenese und Synkanzerogenese - Arbeitsmedizinsches Kolloquium der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften) Borsch-Galetke E., Struwe F., eds., Institut für Arbeitsmedizin der Medizinischen Universität zu Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany, 1997. 701p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 3-7900-0291-7 (In German) Internet: Proceedings of a symposium on occupational medicine, with special attention paid to mental stress and strain and to carcinogenesis, held in Wiesbaden, Germany, 12-15 May 1997. The main topics under which papers were presented were: psychological stress and strain; carcinogenesis and carcinogens; radiation and lung cancer issues at the WISMUT uranium trust in former East Germany; automobile exhaust gases and pyrolysis products; whole-body vibration; Helicobacter pylori infection among student nurses; lung function measurement; work physiology, work psychology and performance evaluation; solvents (with emphasis on ethylene oxide); metals and waste materials; women at work; the environment and the working environment; problems of the spine; toxicity tests; metal toxicity; occupational problems affecting the urogenital system; allergies and infections; the respiratory tract. (76763)
CIS 01-782 Occupational diseases - Guide to the use of the tables of the general and agricultural compensation schemes (update 1 November 1999). (French: Les maladies professionnelles - Guide d'accès aux tableaux du régime général et du régime agricole (mise à jour 1er novembre 1999)) Abadia G., Delemotte B., Delépine A., Guez M., Guillemy N., Leprince A., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris cedex 14, France, 4th ed., 2000. 322p., ISBN 2-7389-0800-4 (In French) Internet: Update of tables listing occupational diseases officially recognized in France and their applicable compensation. The guide includes a two-way classification table, by symptoms or diseases on one hand, and by harmful agent of work situation, on the other. Contents: definition of an occupational disease; provisions of the social security law applicable to occupational diseases; diseases; causative agents; occupational health tables, including the description of the disease, the waiting period before compensation and an indicative list of occupational activities that could give rise to the disease. Appendices cover the compensation of occupational exposure to HIV, the additional compensation system and post-occupational medical follow-up. (76790)
CIS 01-783 On-site occupational health and rehabilitation - A model for the manufacturing and service industries. Pomper DeHart J., Marcel Dekker Inc., 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA, 2001. xii, 276p. Illus. 41 ref. Index., ISBN 0-8247-8986-5 (In English) Internet: The idea of the on-site model of occupational health clinics, rehabilitation, fitness or wellness facilities in industry has evolved through the use of methods that enable injured workers to get back to work faster while saving money for the employer and cutting workers' compensation costs. This book draws extensively on the author's personal experiences in setting up such services in the manufacturing and service industries. (76673)
CIS 01-784 Evaluation of the Good Health is Good Business campaign. Wright M., Lancaster R., Jacobson-Maher C., Talwalkar M., Woolmington T., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. xiii, 175p. Illus. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-1805-6 (In English) Internet: A telephone survey of 1,900 employers and 120 face-to-face interviews were carried out to compare the attitudes and behaviours of employers who were or were not aware of the Health and Safety Executive's "Good Health is Good Business" (GHGB) campaign and among small, medium and large organizations. Results show that "aware" organizations had a more positive attitude towards occupational health and adopted a more comprehensive approach using risk assessment, risk management systems and auditing. The campaign had an effect primarily by educating employers about occupational health. The face-to-face interviews confirmed the results of the telephone survey and provided many suggestions on how to improve such campaigns and complement them through other educational and enforcement strategies. It is concluded that campaigns such as GHGB could make a significant contribution to achieving further improvements in occupational health risk management in the UK. (76737)
CIS 01-785 Occupational skin diseases. (French: Dermatoses professionnelles) Géraut C., Tripodi D., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 3rd Quarter 1999, No.124, 22p. Illus. 50 ref. (In French) Internet: Occupational skin diseases account for just under half of all occupational diseases in France, and for approximately one in ten of all skin diseases that lead to dermatological consultation. These skin diseases may be caused by infections, by physical agents, and - more frequently, by chemical substances. Clinical aspects of skin diseases depend on the causes and mechanisms, but most frequently, one encounters irritation dermatitis or allergic eczema. Occupations the most at risk include, by decreasing order of importance: occupations where cleaning products are used, the construction industry, hairdressing, health care and plastics processing, followed by various occupations such as metalworking, metallurgy and printing, and finally all occupations involving contact with animals or agricultural products. (76784)
CIS 01-786 Cohort epidemiological studies. (French: Etudes épidémiologiques de cohortes) Moulin J.J., Clavel F., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 3rd Quarter 1999, No.124, 6p. 34 ref. (In French) Internet: A cohort is a population of persons corresponding to a given definition (occupation, place of residence, type of exposure etc.) who are followed up over time with respect to their morbidity and/or mortality experience. A cohort study consists of comparing the occurrence of a pathology in various populations defined in terms of their exposure to a suspected causal factor for the given pathology. One distinguishes two types of cohorts. In "prospective" cohort studies, the follow-up period begins at the start of the study, when several data sets are collected, for example from questionnaires, functional testing or biological determinations. "Historical" cohort studies are defined in the past, the follow-up period ending at the time of data collection. These studies serve to compare the occurrences of the events studied in the cohort (prevalence, incidence or mortality rates) with those of the general population (regional or national) used as external reference, adjusting for confounding factors (sex, age, duration of the follow-up period). Internal comparisons are also possible based on sub-cohorts consisting of subjects not exposed to the risk being studied. (76785)
CIS 01-787 Evaluation of actitivities designed to prevent occupational hazards. (French: Evaluation des actions de prévention des risques professionnels) De Gaudemaris R., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 3rd Quarter 1999, No.124, 4p. 26 ref. (In French) Internet: The methodology for applying the results of epidemiological studies is well established. The main steps consist of analysing the epidemiological data on the hazard through a survey of literature, creating a logical model for selecting the prevention approach to be evaluated, defining the evaluation criteria and selecting the "intervention" (implementing the preventive action and validating its efficiency). The intervention to be evaluated can involve individual, collective or organizational prevention actions, or behavioural changes. The measurement of the effect of the prevention action can be either direct (prevention of mortality or morbidity), or indirect (lowering of risk levels, training, changes in behaviour). However, studies which are methodologically sound, and which alone truly allow the measurement of the efficiency of the prevention actions, are often difficult to implement in practice. It is therefore essential to develop linkages with the companies' political and business structures. (76786)
CIS 01-788 How to read and interpret an epidemiological study. (French: Comment lire et interpréter une étude épidémiologique) Mur J.M., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 2nd Quarter 1999, No.123, 5p. 11 ref. (In French) Internet: Interpreting the results of published epidemiological studies is important, in particular for persons concerned with occupational health. A published epidemiological study should contain a certain amount of information, of which the most important, besides the data itself, consists of a detailed description of the study procedure. Different criteria exist for judging the validity of an epidemiological study. The interpretation of "positive" and "negative" epidemiological studies is discussed. The role of statistics in analysing epidemiological data is explained. (76789)
CIS 01-789 First aid: Burns. (Spanish: Primeros auxilios: quemaduras) Moliné Marco J.L., Solé Gómez M.D., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 4p. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: In the event of burns, rapid and appropriate action enables the reduction of cicatrization time and the avoiding of possible after-effects, and in some cases may even save the life of the victim. This information note contains guidance on first aid in cases of burns. Contents include: classification of burns according to their depth (degrees); assessment of the severity of a burn as a function of its extent and depth; what to do in cases of burns and what should not be done under any circumstances; appropriate action for various types of burns (burns from fires, chemical burns, electrical burns). (76709)
CIS 01-790 Respiratory symptoms: Associations with pesticides, silos, and animal confinement in the Iowa Farm Family Health and Hazard Surveillance Project. Sprince N.L., Lewis M.Q., Whitten P.S., Reynolds S.J., Zwerling C., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.455-462. 19 ref. (In English) Internet: A population-based study was carried out in the state of Iowa (United States) in order to assess associations between symptoms of airway disease and several farm exposures, including to pesticides, grain dust, substances encountered in connection with animal confinement and in silos. A total of 385 farmer participants provided questionnaire responses concerning demographic, respiratory symptom, smoking and exposure information. The most frequently reported respiratory symptoms were flu-like symptoms in connection with dusty work (22%), dyspnoea (21%) and phlegm (15%). Applying pesticides to livestock was associated with significantly increased odds of phlegm (OR=1.91), chest ever wheezy (OR=3.92) and flu-like symptoms (OR=2.93). Conventional vertical silos were significantly associated with increased odds of chest ever wheezy (OR=2.75) and flu-like symptoms (OR=2.40). There were also significant associations between several respiratory symptoms and the presence of animal confinement facilities on the farm. (76626)
CIS 01-791 Agricultural injury. McCurdy S.A., Carroll D.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.463-480. 111 ref. (In English) Internet: MEDLINE and NIOSHTIC were reviewed to identify studies of occupational injury among agricultural populations in the United States. Additional references were identified from the reference lists of identified studies and from contacts with experts in the field. US data indicate up to approximately 780 deaths and 140,000 cases of nonfatal disabling injuries in 1998. The risk of agricultural injuries is approximately 5-10/100 persons per year, but is higher in certain risk groups, such as males and cattle workers. Injuries most often involve falls, machinery and animals. Underlying reasons include the wide range of activities, hazards and dispersed work places in agriculture; a seasonal hired workforce that often has brief tenure, poor English skills and a distrust of officialdom; and a history of exemption regarding occupational health and safety regulations. Prevention should focus on engineering controls, regulatory approaches and education. (76627)
CIS 01-792 Safety, health and environment challenges of oil and gas industry in Pakistan. Farooqui A., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.11-13; 15-16. (In English) Internet: Hazards affecting the oil and gas industry are reviewed. BLEVE (boiling liquid evaporative vapour explosion) is associated with highly volatile liquid hydrocarbons such as LPG (liquid petroleum gas). Workers' health may be affected by acute or chronic exposures to toxic gases, such as hydrogen sulfide, which are often associated with oil or natural gas. Exposure to radioactive materials used for radiographic inspection, or from naturally-occurring radioactive elements during drilling may cause health problems. Methods for controlling these hazards through proper design, maintenance and inspection procedures are discussed. Reference is made to Pakistani laws on employee and environmental protection. It is desirable to have company-level safety, health and environmental (SHE) programmes that extend beyond the basic legal requirements. In Pakistan, improved awareness has resulted over the years in substantial reductions in injury rates and resulting lost workdays. (76632)
CIS 01-793 Hazards of engineering industry. Siddiqi F.K., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.43-45; 47-48. (In English) Internet: The rapid growth and development of engineering industries in Pakistan has brought in its wake new types of hazards. These are reviewed under the following headings: housekeeping; accident awareness and precautionary measures; hazards from metal dusts or aerosols; physical dangers; automation; legislation, rules and standards; occupational diseases; safety education and training. (76635)
CIS 01-794 Fatal occupational injuries in the construction industry of a new development area in East China, 1991 to 1997. Xia Z.L., Sorock G.S., Zhu J.L., Courtney T.K, Fu H., Liang Y.X., Christiani D.C., AIHA Journal, Sep.-Oct. 2000, Vol.61, p.733-737. 19 ref. (In English) Internet: A total of 235 work-related deaths occurred in the construction industry in a new economic development area in eastern China between 1991 and 1997. These fatalities represented 55% of all occupational deaths. The average annual mortality rate was 51.5 per 100,000 construction workers. Falls were the leading cause of death (46.4%). Falls, collisions, strikes by or against objects, electrocutions and excavation cave-ins were the main fatality antecedents, accounting for nearly 93.6% of all fatalities. The most common antecedents for incidents with multiple fatalities were falls, crane-related events, poisoning and fire. These categories of antecedents were similar to those encountered in the construction industry in the United States. These data suggest that organizations need to concentrate on these event types when planning their prevention activities. (76732)
CIS 01-795 Improving occupational safety and health in erstwhile Sandoz (India) Ltd. - A case study. Mehrotra R., Industrial Relations Journal, July-Aug. 2000, Vol.17, No.4, p.25-27; 29-31; 33-35; 37-39. (In English) Internet: The steps taken to build a safety culture at a large chemical site in India employing 150 managers, 1,200 workers and 400 external contract workers are described. Data were systematically compiled on various aspect of plant and equipment, and from maintenance records, accident reports and medical history files of workers. Various systems and procedures were institutionalized, such as the upgrading of manufacturing plants, material handling and storage facilities to reduce the risk of spills, workplace hygiene, waste treatment, fire prevention and fire-fighting, and training. Continuous monitoring and audits were essential to sustain the changes. (76634)
CIS 01-796 Identifying and prioritizing gaming workers' health and safety concerns using mapping for data collection. Keith M.M., Cann B., Brophy J.T., Hellyer D., Day M., Egan S., Mayville K., Watterson A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 2001, Vol.39, No.1, p.42-51. 46 ref. (In English) Internet: Gaming occupation workers suffer from a variety accidents and illnesses, and have and multiple health and safety concerns. Using participatory action research principles, 51 gaming workers in the province of Ontario (Canada) and 20 gaming workers in the province of Manitoba were consulted during focus group sessions. Mapping was used to survey the participants' health concerns, perceived occupational hazards and the impact of working conditions on their personal lives. Participants were then asked to prioritize their concerns and make recommendations for improvements. Results show that gaming workers from both provinces identified similar health, hazard and psycho-social concerns. They prioritized the issues of stress, ergonomics, air quality (including second-hand smoke and temperature), biological hazards, physical hazards and noise. (76591)
CIS 01-797 Job strain and sickness absence among nurses in the Province of Quebec. Bourbonnais R., Mondor M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 2001, Vol.39, No.2, p.194-202. 40 ref. (In English) Internet: The objective of this longitudinal study was to determine whether nurses exposed to occupational stress had a higher incidence of sick leave. Data on short-term sick and certified sick leaves were collected for 1,793 nurses for a 20-month period. A job content questionnaire was used to measure psychological demands, job decision latitude, and social support at work. Short-term sick leaves were associated with job strain (incidence density ratio (IDR) = 1.20) and with low social support at work (IDR = 1.26). Certified sick leaves were also significantly associated with low social support at work (IDR = 1.27 for all diagnoses and IDR = 1.78 for mental health diagnoses). Results support the association between stress and short-term sick leaves. The association with certified sick leaves is also significant for subgroups of nurses with specific job characteristics. (76598)
CIS 01-798 Pregnancy outcomes among U.S. women Vietnam veterans. Kang H.K., Mahan C.M., Lee K.Y., Magee C.A., Mather S.H., Matanoski G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.447-454. 32 ref. (In English) Internet: Since the Vietnam War, there has been persistent concern that women who served in the U.S. military in Vietnam may have experienced adverse pregnancy outcomes. Self-reported pregnancy outcomes for 4,140 women Vietnam veterans were compared with those of 4,140 contemporary women veterans who were not deployed to Vietnam. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression adjusting for age at conception, race, education, whether engaged in nursing or in combat, smoking, drinking and other exposures during pregnancy. There was no statistically significant association between military service in Vietnam and pregnancies resulting in miscarriage or stillbirth, low birth weight, pre-term delivery or infant death. However, the risk of having children with moderate-to-severe birth defects was significantly elevated among Vietnam veterans (adjusted OR = 1.46). (76625)
CIS 01-799 Downstream oil industry safety statistics: Industry safety performance continues to improve. CONCAWE Review, Oct. 2000, Vol.9, No.2, p.24. Illus. (In English) Internet: Oil industry safety statistics over 1993 to 1999 show an improvement in safety performance. The number of lost workdays per 1 million hours worked (4.3) is slightly lower than those recorded for the last four years and the average number of lost days per incidents (severity) has been steadily decreasing. The road accident rate has also improved over the years. The most notable feature of the 1999 statistics is the fatal accident rate which is the lowest ever recorded (1.8), which indicates that oil industry has developed procedures to reduce the risks from flammability and explosions hazards to a low level. (76677)
CIS 01-800 Comprehensive analysis of the work of sugarcane harvesters in the region of Araraquara, São Paulo. (Portuguese: Análise coletiva do trabalho dos cortadores de cana da região de Araraquara, São Paulo) Leal Ferreira L., Gonzaga M.C., Donatelli S., Bussacos M.A, Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1998. 57p. Illus. 4 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Present working conditions of sugarcane harvesters in Brazil are not very different from those described by historians; to this day, these workers represent a segment of labour that is highly exploited. This study of the working conditions of sugarcane cutters in the state of São Paulo, whose numbers are currently estimated at 400,000, is based on interviews and includes actual quotations of workers. Contents include: layout of plantations; tasks and activities of sugarcane cutters; system for calculating workers' wages (as a function of acreage harvested); impact on health (pain of the arms, blisters and cuts to the hands, exhaustion), system for identifying workers and labour inspection. (76665)
CIS 01-801 The pork industry in Brittany - Training and prevention. (French: La filière porcine en Bretagne - Formation et prévention) Calvarin C., Gauter J., Midol-Monnet C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Dec. 1999. 118p. (In French) Internet: The objectives of this study of the pig slaughtering and pork processing sector were to identify the needs in terms of occupational safety and health training, to evaluate the approaches implemented by companies operating in this sector, to be aware of the programmes proposed by existing training institutions and to develop plans for possible future action. Based on interviews with companies in the sector, training institutions and other regional organizations, it was observed that the human dimension is not sufficiently recognized, that the conditions for integrating new workers are unsatisfactory, and that problems and system malfunctioning are all too often solved superficially rather that permanently. Proposals include the preparation of a guide for new workers and further work in the field of multiple causality. (76778)
CIS 01-802 Handbook on ground control at small coal mines. Hurt K.G., MacAndrew K., Bigby D.N., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iii, 59p. Illus. 9 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1778-5 (In English) Internet: This handbook contains advice on the geotechnical aspects of ground control intended for small coalmine operators. It should be read in conjunction with the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) document Guidance on the design, installation and use of free standing support systems in coal mines (HSE, 2000), which gives specific advice on support systems, including those typically used in small mines. The handbook is the result of a research project funded by HSE to assist small mines to improve support safety and comply with the new ground control regulations which came into force in December 1999. The handbook contains advice derived from the research undertaken. A full report on the research project is available through HSE Mines Inspectorate. (76738)
CIS 01-803 Profile of the building industry worker in Goiânia in 1991. (Portuguese: Perfil do trabalhador na indústria da construção civil de Goiânia, 1991) Leone Lamera D., Uchôa M.J., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 2000. 174p. Illus. 10 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Based on 1991 data, this document offers a comprehensive profile of the building industry in the Brazilian city of Goiânia. Predominantly male (96.93%), building industry workers are mostly aged between 21 and 35 and have a low level of education (13.56% are illiterate). They present various health problems, including backache and pains of the joints due to the lifting of loads, as well as dental problems. Construction is a risky industry, accounting for more than 25% of all occupational accidents. The main types of accident are falls from heights, strikes against sharp objects or falling objects and injuries caused by machinery, equipment or tools. Most workers use personal protective equipment (helmets, boots and gloves) and a wide majority consider their use as being more effective than collective protection measures. Detailed characteristics of the population employed in construction are presented in tabular form. (76670)
CIS 01-804 Cashew nuts - A risky industry. (Portuguese: Castanha de caju - Uma indústria de riscos) de Barros Hatem E.J., Torres Bandeira Cavalcanti F., de Paula Medeiros A., Melo Oliveira Moreira M.C., Ali S.A., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1996. 77p. Illus. 44 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This brochure presents the main hazards of the cashew nut industry together with the appropriate preventive measures that need to be implemented. Risk factors analysed include: continuous or intermittent noise from the equipment and hearing impairment; exposure to heat giving rise to hyperthermia, dehydration and hyponatraemia; neuropsychic disorders and cataracts; exposure to silica dust giving rise to respiratory ailments, and possibly to pneumoconiosis; exposure to n-hexane with neurotoxic effects (intoxication, pathologies of the peripheral nervous system); exposure to the milk of the nut which can result in burns; work posture and musculoskeletal diseases and varicose veins. Finally, an analysis of 167 declared occupational accidents having occurred between 1989 and 1991 are presented in the form of tables. (76666)
CIS 01-805 Availability, quality and standards of training for woodworking operators and supervisors. Chambers C., Worsell N., Beswick J., Heritage L., Wu B., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2001. iv, 156p. Illus. 25 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-2015-8 (In English) Internet: The accident rate in the woodworking industry remains high. It is an industry in which employees have to regularly work with cutting tools or blades that are exposed. There is also a significant potential for ill health caused by poor manual handling and exposure to dust. The proper use of guards and safe working practices are essential in reducing the risk of serious accidents and ill health to a tolerable level. Training and good supervision are therefore fundamental to ensuring good health and safety. The objectives of the research documented in this report were to identify the training programmes available to both operators and supervisors of woodworking machinery in particular, to assess the suitability of this training in terms of quality and standards, to identify barriers to training that exist in the industry and propose measures which could be taken to improve the take-up of suitable training. (76734)
CIS 01-806 Garbage collectors - The ambiguities of working in the streets. (Portuguese: Coletores de lixo - A ambigüidade do trabalho na rua) Ferreira dos Santos T.L., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 222p. 57 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This analysis of the work of garbage collectors is based on their own accounts and impressions of their work. A characteristic of this occupation is that it takes place in the street, a public space where one is seen and recognized, which can either enhance or depreciate the workers' self-image. It consists of teamwork that needs to be carried out at a certain pace. There are many occupational health problems, including skin diseases, hearing loss, diseases of the urinary tract, leptospirosis, tetanus, AIDS, respiratory and lung diseases, and gastro-intestinal diseases. This occupation is also subject to risks of injury (dog bites, falls and trips) and can give rise to emotional or nervous stress, notably anxiety. This category of workers is also subject to acute alcoholism. The book is a thesis for a Master's Degree in Social Psychology at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo. (76669)
CIS 01-807 Hygiene in dental practice - Results of a pilot study on costs. (German: Hygiene in der Zahnarztpraxis - Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie zu den betriebswirtschaftliche Kosten) Meyer V.P., Buhtz D., Institut der Deutschen Zahnärzte (IDZ), Germany, 1998. 130p. Illus. 34 ref., ISBN 3-7691-7842-4 (In German) Internet: Topics: cost of safety; dental services; economic aspects; Germany; health engineering; legislation; occupational health survey; plant health organization. (76767)
CIS 01-808 Work by adolescents - Myths and issues. (Portuguese: Trabalho do adolescente - Mitos et dilemas) Pereira I., Brant de Carvalho M.C., Calil M.I., Mestriner M.L., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 62p. 32 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: In Brazil, many children and adolescents are forced to work by their circumstances, which prevents them from learning a trade. The juvenile workforce is employed in low-level tasks, generally does not benefit from employment contracts, and being unaware of its rights, is often exploited (long working hours, minimal wages). Furthermore, juvenile workers are faced with a higher risk of severe injury. Programmes offering adolescents the possibility to work while paying an allowance to the parents have been set up, but the type of work offered is not always attractive to young persons. Several organizations are active in denouncing child labour and enterprises unfairly employing children. Proposals have been made to regulate child labour, aimed in particular at prohibiting work of children aged under 14, and at improving the protection at work for adolescents aged between 14 and 17. (76663)
CIS 01-809 Managing confined spaces on farms. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Oct. 2000. 4p. 2 ref. (In English) Internet: Fatal accidents occur during work in confined spaces involving persons not aware of the presence of a dangerous atmosphere. Risks include loss of consciousness from poisonous gases or lack of oxygen, asphyxiation from free-flowing solids, drowning in liquids or serious injury by fire or explosion. Examples of confined spaces in agriculture include slurry pits, effluent-treatment tanks and silos. This information sheet provides guidance on managing the risks from confined spaces and on meeting the requirements of United Kingdom regulations. Contents include: managing the risks; avoiding work in confined spaces where possible; safe working methods in specific work environments (sealed moist grain tower silos, indoor silage clamps, slurry storage systems, forage tower silos). Replaces CIS 99-648. (76684)
CIS 01-810 Safety and health in forestry work: An ILO Code of Practice. (Russian: Bezopasnost' i ohrana truda pri lesotehničeskih rabotah) International Labour Office, ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 150p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 5-7712-0189-8 (In Russian) Internet: This is the Russian version of an earlier ILO publication on the same topic (see CIS 98-1284). Topics: conditions of work in forestry and logging; emergency organization; international agreements; legal aspects; logging equipment; machinery; notification of accidents and diseases; personal protective equipment; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; protection against falls from heights; responsibilities; role of labour inspection; role of management; safe working methods; safety and health engineering; safety devices; welfare facilities. Glossary. (76867)
CIS 01-811 Hazard prevention in the laboratory. Use of personal protective equipment (I): General aspects. (Spanish: Prevención del riesgo en el laboratorio. Utilización de equipos de protección individual (I): aspectos generales) Gadea Carrera E., Guardino Solá X., Rosell Farrás M.G., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 6p. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note describes the requirements and specifications applicable to personal protective equipment used in laboratories. Contents include: definition of personal protective equipment according to legislation; classification; face and eye protection (screens, safety spectacles); skin protection (gloves); protection of the respiratory tract (face masks, various types of respirators); protection against biological hazards; resistance of various types of gloves to chemicals. (See also CIS 01-812.). (76702)
CIS 01-812 Hazard prevention in the laboratory. Use of personal protective equipment (II): Management. (Spanish: Prevención del riesgo en el laboratorio. Utilización de equipos de protección individual (II): gestión) Gadea Carrera E., Guardino Solá X., Rosell Farrás M.G., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 4p. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note lists the factors that need to be taken into consideration during the implementation of a programme for managing personal protective equipment (PPE) in laboratories. Contents include: the need to use PPEs; selection; purchasing; internal procedures concerning the use of PPEs; making PPEs available; supervising the proper use and storage of PPEs by the person responsible for safety. (See also CIS 01-811.). (76703)
CIS 01-813 Health and safety of new and expectant mothers in the catering industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Mar. 2001. 2p. 4 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet provides guidance to employers in the catering industry on the implications of current United Kingdom legislation applicable to new or expectant mothers. Contents include: legal duties and their practical application; the most common risks and the corresponding precautions; night work; involvement of the employee's general practitioner; model of a letter to be addressed to employees; specific issues relating to workers employed through agencies. (76688)
CIS 01-814 Industrial use of safety-related expert systems. Robertson D., Fox J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iii, 27p. Illus. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1853-6 (In English) Internet: This report investigates the extent to which expert systems are being used for safety-related purposes. The fundamental concepts of expert system design and knowledge engineering are summarized. Five generalized safety related application areas are described, and likely future directions are considered. Both the potential hazards and the potential safety gains of expert systems in these applications are discussed, and ways are suggested in which safety arguments may be made to justify expert systems. An overview is given of some of the current trends in expert system research which influence safety, and key centres of excellence in expert systems design are identified. (76736)
CIS 01-815 Telephone use while driving and traffic safety. (German: Telefonieren am Steuer und Verkehrsicherheit) Brühning E., Haas I., Mäder H., Pfafferott I., Pöppel-Decker M., Bundesanstalt für Strassenwesen, Brüderstrasse 53, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany, Mar. 1998. 67p. Illus. 17 ref., ISBN 3-89701-137-9 (In German) Internet: Report on a research project concerning the relationship between automobile accidents and the use of cellular phones. Although overall a positive correlation could not be shown between accident occurrence and presence of a cellular phone in the car, there was such a relationship in certain situations, such as driving heavy vehicles on motorways (Autobahnen) and rural highways. Whether the use of cellular phones while driving should be further restricted is a question that can be resolved only after more research. Detailed summary in English. (76769)
CIS 01-816 Exposure to organic solvents among car painters in Bergen, Norway. Moen B.E., Hollund B.E., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, May 2000, Vol.44, No.3, p.185-189. 13 ref. (In English) Internet: Several official regulations have been adopted in Norway in recent years to reduce the exposure of car painters to organic solvents. This study evaluated some of the effects of these regulations, by measuring the levels of exposure to organic solvents in six car-painting garages. Both stationary and personal monitoring were performed. In addition, the occurrence of acute symptoms in the nervous system, skin and upper airways, the use of personal protective equipment and the workers' satisfaction with the ventilation were determined using the results of a questionnaire study. All air samples showed low levels of exposure, far below the limit values. The highest levels were found for toluene. Most workers reported always using gloves, overalls and respiratory protective equipment during the car painting. The study indicates that the exposure to organic solvents is low and the risk of adverse health effects related to organic solvents is probably also low. (76607)
CIS 01-817 Depletion of glutathione and ascorbate in lung lining fluid by respirable fibres. Brown D.M., Beswick P.H., Bell K.S., Donaldson K., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2000, Vol.44, No.2, p.101-108. Illus. 34 ref. (In English) Internet: The use of synthetic vitreous fibres has increased along with a decline in the utilization of asbestos. There remains concern that these synthetic fibres pose a health risk to workers because of the generation of respirable fibres which can enter the lung and cause adverse effects. It is hypothetized that carcinogenic fibres have greater free radical activity compared with non-carcinogenic fibres and that they contribute to disease by causing oxidative stress in the lung. Three carcinogenic fibres (amosite asbestos, silicon carbide and refractory ceramic fibre 1) and three non-carcinogenic fibres were selected for the tests. The levels of glutathione and ascorbate, two antioxidants present in lung lining fluid after in vitro fibre treatment were measured in rat pulmonary fluid. The greatest depletion of antioxidants was observed with two non-carcinogenic glass fibres. The results show that antioxidant depletion in lung lining fluid alone is a not a simple indicator of the ability of fibres to cause lung pathology and that other biological events in the lung are involved. (76603)
CIS 01-818 Asbestos content of lung tissue and carcinoma of the lung: A clinicopathologic correlation and mineral fiber analysis of 234 cases. Roggli V.L., Sanders L.L., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2000, Vol.44, No.2, p.109-117. 35 ref. (In English) Internet: The aim of this study was to investigate the asbestos content of lung tissue in patients with lung cancer and asbestos exposure. This information was then correlated with demographic information, occupational and smoking history, presence or absence of pathologic asbestosis or pleural plaques, and features of lung cancer. Asbestos body counts were performed in 229 cases and fibre analysis by scanning electron microscopy in 221 cases. Asbestos content was recorded as total asbestos fibres, commercial amphibole fibres, noncommercial amphibole fibres and chrysotile fibres 5µm or longer in length. The study group included 70 patients with asbestosis (group I), 44 patients with parietal pleural plaques (group II) and 120 patients with neither (group III). The median asbestos body content of group I was more than 35 times greater than group II and more than 300 times greater than group III. The total asbestos fibre count for group I was nearly 20 times that of group II and more than 50 times that of group III. In a series of primary lung cancer cases with some history of asbestos exposure, a markedly elevated asbestos content was identified among those with pathologic asbestosis as compared with patents with pleural plaques alone or with neither plaques nor asbestosis. (76604)
CIS 01-819 Separation efficiency of a wood dust collector - Field measurement using a fluorescent aerosol. Bémer D., Regnier R., Calle S., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, May 2000, Vol.44, No.3, p.173-183. Illus. 20 ref. (In English) Internet: A method of measuring the efficiency of a wood dust collector as a function of the particle diameter has been developed using a fluorescein tracer aerosol generated upstream of the equipment. The separation efficiency is determined from the particle size mass distribution of the tracer, both upstream and downstream, measured by means of two cascade impactors. The mass efficiency measured by the tracer technique was compared with a reference method based on optical counting. There is good agreement between the efficiencies measured by the two methods. The method was applied to measure the efficiency of a 11,500m3/h wood dust collector. (76606)
CIS 01-820 Contaminant dispersion in the vicinity of a worker in a uniform velocity field. Welling I., Andersson I.M., Rosen G., Räisänen J., Mielo T., Marttinen K., Niemelä R., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, May 2000, Vol.44, No.3, p.219-225. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Internet: The transportation of gaseous contaminants from a low and moderately-low impulse (velocity < 1m/s) source to the breathing zone was studied in a uniform air stream flow. There were three important findings: firstly, for a given low and moderate impulse contaminant source in the near field of a worker, the worker's orientation relative to the principal air flow direction was the most important factor in reducing occupational exposure, with an air velocity of about 0.3m/s; secondly, the effect of convection resulting from body heat on air flow was lower than expected; finally, arm movements influenced contaminant dispersion, and should be included when models assessing exposure are developed. (76608)
CIS 01-821 Presence of asbestos on ships: Study of airborne fibre concentrations on ferry boats owned by the Italian State Railways. (Italian: Presenza di amianto sulle navi: studio sulla concentrazione de fibre aerodisperse su navi traghetto delle Ferrovie dello Stato) Catasta P.F., Cavalieri P.G., Chiappino G:, Governa M., Munaf E., Paoletti L., Verducchi P., Paba G., Medicina del lavoro, Mar.-Apr. 2000, Vol.91, No.2, p.131-134. 9 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Asbestos has been widely used on ships as an insulating material due to its fire-resistant and sound-absorbent properties. The concentrations of airborne asbestos fibres on two ferries in regular service were measured. Decontamination work had been carried out on these vessels in order to remove or to confine the asbestos. Between 1994 and 1998, 123 air samples were analyzed. For 98.4% of the samples, concentrations were below 2 fibres/litre, which is the value set by Ministerial Decree of 6/9/94 for buildings to qualify for effective decontamination status. Concentrations between 2 and 10 fibres/litre, were found in one engine room. The results show that there is no environmental dispersion of asbestos fibres in usual navigation conditions. However, it appears desirable to extend the legislation to naval vessels in order to define clear criteria for risk evaluation, checking and maintenance procedures of asbestos-insulated vessels, and procedures for each job on board involving handling or removal of asbestos-containing material. (76654)
CIS 01-822 Natural rubber latex aeroallergen exposure in rubber plantation workers and glove manufacturers in Thailand and health care workers in a UK hospital. Sri-Akajunt N., Sadhra S., Jones M., Burge P.S., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2000, Vol.44, No.2, p.79-88. Illus. 21 ref. (In English) Internet: The aim of this study was to estimate airborne natural rubber latex (NRL) concentrations for three occupational exposure groups, rubber plantation workers and NRL glove manufacturers in Thailand and health care workers in the UK. Two rubber plantations (110 workers), three NRL glove manufacturing factories (583 workers) in Thailand and one UK hospital (490 workers) were selected for the study. A preliminary workplace survey was carried out. Personal sampling was conducted and NRL aeroallergens were measured by an inhibition assay with NRL-specific IgE antibodies from NRL-sensitized people. The highest geometric mean NRL aeroallergen concentration was found in the glove manufacturing factories (7.3µg/m3), followed by the rubber plantations (2.4µg/m3) and the hospital (0.46µg/m3). The highest exposure to NRL aeroallergens is likely to occur in the manufacturing factories. Exposure to aeroallergens for the plantation workers was considered to be moderate and that of health care workers to be low. (76601)
CIS 01-823 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in an artificial shooting target factory: Assessment of 1-hydroxypyrene urinary excretion as a biological indicator of exposure. Lafontaine M., Payan J.P., Delsaut P., Morele Y., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2000, Vol.44, No.2, p.89-100. Illus. 27 ref. (In English) Internet: Five representative workers and two external observers were monitored by personal air and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (PyOH) sampling for a four-shift working week in an artificial shooting target factory. The targets were made from chalk and petroleum pitch and molded at 190°C. No respiratory protective mask was worn. Atmospheric concentrations of pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) ranged from 0.66 to 5.05µg/m3 and 0.037 to 0.270µg/m3 respectively, with a mean pyrene/BaP ratio of approximately 20 and a correlation r = 0.51. Maximum PyOH urinary excretion ranged from 1.84 to 10.9µmol/mol creatinine. The correlation between atmospheric pyrene and urinary PyOH concentrations was poor (r = 0.37). It improved considerably (r = 0.74) if the amount of pyrene inhaled over the shift and the corresponding amount of PyOH excreted were considered. The ratio of urinary excreted PyOH to the pyrene inhaled dose (with assumed retention of 100%), ranged from 0.18 to 0.70 (arithmetic mean =0.34). Although dermal absorption is significant, these results suggests that the respiratory tract is the main absorption route for pyrene. (76602)
CIS 01-824 Amendments to Directive 90/394/EEC and effects on Chapter VII of Decree-Law 626/94. (Italian: Modifiche alla Direttiva 90/394/CEE e ricadute sul titolo VII del D.LGS.626/94) Fondelli M.C., Carnevale F., Seniori Costantini A., Medicina del lavoro, Mar.-Apr. 2000, Vol.91, No.2, p.95-113. 24 ref. (In Italian) Internet: The European Union (EU) amended the framework Council Directive 90/394/EEC on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to carcinogens at work in 1997 and 1999 (see CIS 99-17): protective measures were extended to category 1 and 2 mutagens; a new carcinogenic agent was identified in "work involving exposure to hardwood dusts" and three exposure limit values were fixed for carcinogens. Italy acknowledged these directives by Decree 66/00 of 25 February 2000 (see CIS 01-314). In this paper, the development and the evolution of European legislation from 1980 to 2000 are reviewed: occupational exposure limits were introduced at first for harmful chemicals and next for occupational carcinogens; later on, limit values for benzene, VCM and hardwood dusts were fixed. The problems and advantages that the amended Directives will have on the protection of workers from carcinogenic risk are discussed. (76651)
CIS 01-825 Determination of N-methylformamide following occupational exposure to N,N-dimethylformamide. (Italian: Il dosaggio della N-metilformamide nella esposizione professionale a N,N-dimetilformamide) Imbriani M., Marraccini P., Saretto G., Abatangelo L., Ghittori S., Cavalleri A., Medicina del lavoro, Mar.-Apr. 2000, Vol.91, No.2, p.114-124. Illus. 29 ref. (In Italian) Internet: To evaluate the correlation between the excretion of N-methylformamide (NMF) and levels of exposure to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) among occupationally exposed persons, 25 male workers aged between 25 and 54 in a synthetic leather factory were studied daily over a 5-day period. The mean time-weighted average (TWA) exposure was about half (13.5mg/m3) of the current threshold limit value, the range of the values varying from 0.4 to 75.2mg/m3. A linear equation existed between urinary NMF concentration and DMF concentration in the environment. The findings show that the urinary NMF concentration can be used as an appropriate biological exposure index. For occupationally exposed subjects, a urinary NMF concentration corresponding to the time-weighted average of the threshold limit value of 39.9mg/L (37.2mg/g creatinine) and a 95% lower confidence limit (biological threshold) of 23.4mg/L (22.2mg/g creatinine) are suggested. (76652)
CIS 01-826 Dermal risk assessment in occupational medicine. (Italian: La stima del rischio cutaneo in medicina del lavoro) Sartorelli P., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.183-191. 17 ref. (In Italian) Internet: The importance of the study of dermal exposure to dangerous chemicals has increased during the last few years, mainly because of a reduction of respiratory exposure to toxicants. Pesticides, aromatic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are considered to be the chemicals with the highest dermal risk. In the occupational exposure limit lists of the ACGIH and of many countries, compounds that can be absorbed through the skin are identified by a skin notation, which usually indicates that the percutaneous absorption of the chemical can contribute to the body burden. However, a generally-accepted criterion for assigning skin notation does not exist. It is only when standardized measurements of dermal exposure will be possible that Dermal Occupational Exposure Limits (DOEL) can be set, enabling a regulatory approach in the dermal risk assessment field. So far, attempts to develop health-based DOELs have not been successful, and further work is required to build broad consensus. (76655)
CIS 01-827 Evaluation of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by analysis of urinary 1-pyrenol. (Italian: Valutazione dell'esposizione professionale ad idrocarburi policiclici aromatici mediante l'analisi del livelli urinari de 1-pirenolo) Pavanello S., Genova A., Foà V., Clonfero E., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.192-205. 40 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was assessed by analysing urinary levels of 1-pyrenol. A total of 231 non-smokers exposed to PAH (in industries and occupations including fuel oil power plants, used oil recovery, rubber production, road surface asphalting operations, aluminium anodizing, chimney-sweeping and coke-oven production) were enrolled, together with 53 non-smoker unexposed controls. In the overall population (controls and exposed), multiple linear regression analysis showed that levels of urinary 1-pyrenol were significantly influenced by occupational exposure to PAH in asphalt workers, anodizing plant workers, chimney-sweeps, and coke-oven workers, but not in power plant workers, workers recovering exhausted oils, or rubber production workers. In chimney sweeps and top side coke-oven workers, respectively 2 and 4 subjects exceeded the precautionary level of 1.4µmoles 1-pyrenol/mole of creatinine; of these, 1 chimney sweep and 3 top side workers exceeded the recommended biological threshold of 2.3µmoles 1-pyrenol/mole of creatinine. (76656)
CIS 01-828 Identification and field use of biological markers for evaluating the effects of occupational and environmental exposure to formaldehyde. (Italian: Identificazione ed utilizzo in campo di marker biologici per la valutazione degli effetti dell'esposizione occupazionale ed ambientale alla formaldeide) Gilli G., Carraro E., Meineri V., Chiesa M., Rorato A., Orecchia S., Camoirano A., Rigamonti L., Accinelli G., Mucci N., Palmi S., Prevenzione oggi, 1999, Vol.XI, No.4, p.35-66. Illus. 19 ref. (In Italian) Internet: The results of two studies aimed at identifying and evaluating useful biological markers of formaldehyde exposure are presented. The research of antibodies against the specific marker F-HSA (formaldehyde adduct to human serum albumin) was sufficiently sensitive to discriminate between the control group and professionally exposed persons and between smokers and non-smokers. Urinary mutagenicity measured by Ames test proved to be a suitable markers for tobacco exposure and the urinary analysis of cotinine a reliable indicator for evaluating the extent of exposure to tobacco smoke. Cytological and cytogenic analyses of the epithelium of nasal mucosa showed no statistically-significant differences between the exposed and control groups. (76728)
CIS 01-829 A case-control study of the relationships among silica exposure, gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer. Tsuda T., Mino Y., Babazono A., Shigemi J., Otsu T., Yamamoto E., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 2001, Vol.39, No.1, p.52-57. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: The effect of silica exposure on gastric and oesophageal cancer mortality was investigated in a case-control study restricted to male subjects drawn from death certificates in the Tobi area of Japan. The control group was selected from a series of deaths due to colon cancer, and cancers of other organs. Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios (OR) were estimated after adjustment for age and smoking habits. For gastric cancer, adjusted ORs were 1.22 for brick and quarry work, and 1.36 among silicosis patients. For oesophageal cancer, adjusted ORs were 1.53 for the brick and quarry work, and 2.33 among silicosis patients. The results suggest that gastric and oesophageal cancer were related to silica exposure and silicosis in the study area. (76592)
CIS 01-830 Lung cancer case-control study of beryllium workers. Sanderson W.T., Ward E.M., Steenland K., Petersen M.R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 2001, Vol.39, No.2, p.133-144. 37 ref. (In English) Internet: This article describes a case-control study of lung cancer among workers of a beryllium processing plant in Reading, PA, USA. Cases were identified by mortality follow-up through 1992 of a cohort of male workers. Each of 142 cases was age-race-matched to five controls. The potential confounding effects of smoking were also evaluated. Lung cancer cases had shorter tenures and lower cumulative beryllium exposures than controls, but higher average and maximum exposures. However, after applying a 10- and 20-year lag, exposure metrics were higher for cases. Odds ratios in analyses that lagged 20 years were significantly elevated for those with higher exposure compared to the lowest exposure category. Significant positive trends were seen with the log of the exposure metrics. Increased lung cancer among workers with higher lagged beryllium exposures and lack of evidence for confounding by cigarette smoking, provide further evidence that beryllium is a human lung carcinogen. (76597)
CIS 01-831 Diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer: Adjustment for the effect of smoking in a retrospective cohort study. Larkin E.K., Smith T.J., Stayner L., Rosner B., Speizer F.E., Garshick E., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.399-409. 33 ref. (In English) Internet: The extent that cigarette smoking may confound the relationship between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer was assessed in a retrospective cohort study of 55,395 U.S. railroad workers followed from 1959 to 1976. The relative risk (RR) of lung cancer due to diesel exhaust was indirectly adjusted using job-specific smoking data from a case-control study of railroad workers who died between 1981-1982 and from a survey of 514 workers who had responded to a mail survey in 1982. Adjustment factors were developed based on the distribution of job-specific smoking rates. The unadjusted RR for lung cancer was 1.58 for workers aged 40-44 in 1959, who experienced the longest possible duration of exposure, and the smoking adjusted RR was 1.44. After considering differences in smoking rates between workers exposed and unexposed to diesel exhaust in a relatively large blue-collar cohort, there were still elevated risks of lung cancer in workers in jobs with diesel exhaust exposure. (76621)
CIS 01-832 Relation between exposure to asbestos and smoking jointly and the risk of lung cancer. Lee P.N., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2001, Vol.58, No.3, p.145-153. 37 ref. (In English) Internet: To review evidence of the relationship between the combined effect of exposure to asbestos and smoking on the risk of lung cancer, 23 studies epidemiological studies were analysed, comparing the risk of lung cancer in subjects unexposed to asbestos or smoking, exposed to asbestos only, to smoking only, or to both. Eight studies provided insufficient data. Asbestos exposure was associated with a significantly increased risk in non-smokers in six of the remaining studies and with a moderate increase in a further six. In two of the three studies that found no increase, asbestos exposure was insufficient to increase risks in smokers. In 30 of 31 data sets analysed, risk in the combined exposure group was greater than predicted by the additive model. Asbestos exposure multiplies risk of lung cancer by a similar factor in non-smokers and smokers. (76628)
CIS 01-833 Prevalence of self-reported health complaints among shoe workers of small workshop exposed to organic solvents in Hebron City, West Bank: A cross-sectional survey. Nijem K., Kristensen P., Al-Khatib A., Rabbá J., Takrori F., Bjertness E., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.206-216. 29 ref. (In English) Internet: To estimate the prevalence of neurological disorders and mucous membrane irritation complaints among workers of shoe workshops, a group of 103 male workers from 30 workshops in Hebron City, exposed to organic solvents for more than one year were studied in 1996-1997. Data on neurological and mucous irritation symptoms were obtained by questionnaire. The overall prevalence of painful tingling of limbs was high (40%) and was significantly associated with long term exposure to organic solvents in gluing tasks (PR 2.8). Breathing difficulty showed a moderate non-significant association with long term exposure in cleaning tasks (PR 1.9), while sore eyes also, showed a moderate, non-significant association with exposure to organic solvents for 25-72 months in the gluing tasks. Long term exposure to n-hexane could be the main cause of polyneuropathy, possibly made worse by the absence of effective ventilation systems and personal protective equipment. (76657)
CIS 01-834 Neoformed multiple hepatic angiomas following exposure to vinyl chloride monomer: A case study. (Italian: Angiomi epatici multipli neoformati dopo esposizione a cloruro de vinile monomero: descrizione di un caso) Borchini R., Riboldi L., Chiappino G., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.251-254. 8 ref. (In Italian) Internet: This paper describes the case of a 60 year-old man with previous protracted exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). After a latency of 20 years, the man developed two hepatic hemangiomas, one characterized by rapid growth (4cm of diameter in 1 year) and surgically removed. On the basis of the anamnestic data (15 years in a PVC polymerization factory in the reactor vessels department) and considering the degree and duration of exposure to VCM, an occupational origin of the hepatic hemangiomas is probable. The ability of VCM to induce sclerosis, necrosis and endothelial hyperplasy in the liver tissue may represent the primum movens of hemangiomas. (76660)
CIS 01-835 Occupational exposure to pesticides and pancreatic cancer. Ji B.T., Silverman D.T., Stewart P.A., Blair A., Swanson G.M., Baris D., Greenberg R.S., Hayes R.B., Brown L.M., Lillemoe K.D., Schoenberg J.B., Pottern L.M., Schwartz A.G., Hoover R.N., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 2001, Vol.39, No.1, p.92-99. 45 ref. (In English) Internet: To investigate the relationship between pancreatic cancer and exposure to pesticides, a case-control study was conducted in three separate areas of the United States, involving 484 cases aged 30-79 diagnosed in 1986-1989 and 2,095 controls drawn from a random sample of the general population. A job-exposure matrix (JEM) approach was used to estimate the level of occupational exposure to pesticides. A significant trend in risk with increasing exposure level of pesticides was observed, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.3 and 1.4 for low and moderate-high exposure levels, respectively. Excess risks were found for occupational exposure to fungicides (OR = 1.5) and herbicides (OR = 1.6) in the moderate-high level after adjustment for potential confounding factors. An increased risk for insecticide exposure was no longer significant after adjustment for fungicide and herbicide exposures. Results suggest that pesticides may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, and highlight the need for further research to evaluate the risk of exposure to specific chemicals. (76595)
CIS 01-836 Mortality among workers exposed to cutting oil mist: Update of previous reports. Kazerouni N., Thomas T.L., Petralia S.A., Hayes R.B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.410-416. 38 ref. (In English) Internet: Earlier reports of the mortality of this cohort of automotive workers exposed to cutting oil mist followed from 1938 to 1967 noted an excess of gastrointestinal cancer. This report describes the mortality of the same workers until 1980. Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated by comparing the observed number of deaths to the expected numbers based on rates for the U.S. male population. The SMRs for cancers of the liver and biliary tract, as well as for testicular cancers, were significantly elevated. Among the subset of workers with heavy oil mist exposure, SMRs were significantly elevated for cancers of the lung and testis, and for Hodgkin's disease. The risk of death due to lung cancer was greatest among workers with heavy exposure to oil mist and employed for 15 or more years. Mortality due to stomach cancer was in excess among workers with heavy exposure to oil mist who were employed for 5 or more years. There were also significant excesses of deaths due to asthma and emphysema. (76622)
CIS 01-837 Nasal toxicity, carcinogenicity, and olfactory uptake of metals. Sunderman F.W., Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science, 2001, Vol.31, No.1, p.3-24. 169 ref. (In English) Internet: This review article discusses the impact of occupational exposures to metal dusts or aerosols, which can cause loss of olfactory acuity, atrophy of the nasal mucosa, mucosal ulcers, perforated nasal septum and sinonasal cancer. Anosmia and hyposmia have been observed in workers exposed to nickel- or cadmium-containing dusts in alkaline battery factories, nickel refineries, and cadmium industries. Ulcers of the nasal mucosa and perforated nasal septum have been reported in workers exposed to Cr(VI) in chromate production and chrome plating, or to As(III) in arsenic smelters. Cancers of the nose and nasal sinuses have been reported in workers exposed to Ni compounds in nickel refining, cutlery factories, and alkaline battery manufacture, or to Cr(VI) in chromate production and chrome plating. Possible molecular mechanisms responsible for olfactory loss are proposed, based on the findings of several animal experiments. (76639)
CIS 01-838 Exposure to organic solvents in the offset printing industry in Norway. Svendsen K., Rognes K.S., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Mar. 2000, Vol.44, No.2, p.119-124. 8 ref. (In English) Internet: The purpose of this study was to document current conditions regarding solvent exposure in offset printing shops in Norway at present and to study the variation of exposure between print shop technologies. The measurements consisted of 5 to 10 whole-day personal exposure measurements over a period of 2 months. Variables that may influence the level of exposure were registered by the occupational hygienist using a check list. The main contributor to the "additive factor" was isopropanol. Its concentration sometimes exceeded the Norwegian TLV. The exposure increased when the machine had automatic cleaning; it decreased when an exhaust ventilation was used. The "automatic cleaning" and "separate exhaust ventilation" variables explained 59% of the variation in the "additive factor". The results indicate that the most important source of solvent exposure in printing shops at present is the moisturizer used in the printing machines. (76605)
CIS 01-839 Mortality in dry-cleaning workers: An update. Ruder A.M., Ward E.M., Brown D.P., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 2001, Vol.39, No.2, p.121-132. 56 ref. (In English) Internet: A cohort consisting of 1,708 dry-cleaning workers in four areas of the United States known to have been exposed to perchloroethylene (PCE) for at least 1 year prior to 1960 was followed up. Many workers had also been exposed to Stoddard solvent, a petroleum-based dry-cleaning solvent. Vital status was updated through 1996. The cohort had excess cancer mortality (271 deaths, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 1.25). Elevated SMRs for tongue, bladder, oesophagus, intestine, lung and cervical cancer, pneumonia, and diseases of the stomach and duodenum were statistically significant. The current study confirms findings of prior updates and other studies that dry-cleaning workers have excess cancer mortality. Although important lifestyle and socio-economic risk factors exist for both cervical and oesophageal cancer mortality, excesses of these sites in the PCE-only subcohort and among workers with longer duration of PCE exposure suggest an association with PCE exposure. (76596)
CIS 01-840 The correlation between symptoms, frequent use of dental polymers, and evaluation of health risk. Lönnroth E.C., Shahnavaz H., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1998, Vol.4, No.4, p.411-422. Illus. 22 ref. (In English) Internet: Dental personnel are at risk when they manually handle polymer products containing monomers and additives that may cause irritation or induce allergy. Gloves and face masks can be easily penetrated by monomers. 587 dental personnel and a referent group of 585 persons in Sweden were given a questionnaire regarding symptoms of atopy, asthma, conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, hand dermatitis and hay fever/rhinitis. The dental personnel were asked to name the polymer products used in their practice and the frequency of their use, and to evaluate the risk of 5 different types of polymer materials on a scale from 1 to 5. Significantly more dentists reported symptoms of atopic dermatitis and conjunctivitis than did controls and dental assistants. Results show that dental personnel with symptoms evaluated most materials at significantly higher risk than dental personnel without symptoms. Furthermore, the occurrence of some symptoms was associated with frequent use of 8 polymer products. (76711)
CIS 01-841 Evaluating the potential occupational hazard of handling dental polymer products using the HET-CAM technique. Lönnroth E.C., Dahl J.E., Shahnavaz H., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1999, Vol.5, No.1, p.43-57. 43 ref. (In English) Internet: The irritation potencies of eight dental polymer products, used as dental restorative materials, adhesives or temporary constructions, were tested using the HET-CAM (hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane) technique. Results showed that the liquid component of all products had a strong irritation capacity but powder suspensions and extracts from cured and freshly mixed non-cured materials had no effect on the CAM. Thus, dental personnel who manually handle liquid and powder are exposed to components with a high irritation potential, in contrast to patients who are exposed to the cured and mixed non-cured materials with low irritation potential. This illustrates the importance of safe handling procedures and practices for dental personnel who handle non-cured polymers manually. (76715)
CIS 01-842 Reversible pulmonary response to irritating substances: Study on a population of apprentice hairdressers. (Italian: Riposta polmonare reversibile a sostanze irritanti: Studio su una popolazione di apprendisti parrucchieri) Arcangeli G., Baldasseroni A., Palmi S., Bianchi A., Prevenzione oggi, 1999, Vol.XI, No.4, p.3-33. Illus. 51 ref. (In Italian) Internet: A study of the respiratory function and bronchial reactivity to allergens to which hairdressers are exposed was conducted among apprentices from two hairdressers' schools in Italy. One group of 20 apprentices (7 male and 13 female) were monitored during 10 days, measuring peak expiratory flow (PEF). During this period, a researcher was present at the workplace to evaluate the type of tasks performed and the corresponding exposure. A second group of 34 apprentices which had not been evaluated at the workplace was also followed-up. The variability of PEF was significantly greater for women, among smokers and in the group where exposure at the workplace was not evaluated. The monitoring of PEF proved to be a useful and reliable method for identifying persons with higher risks of sensitivity to allergens during their future occupational activity. (76727)
CIS 01-843 Toxic chemicals control in the Caribbean: Towards model legislation. Chiu G., Côté R., Saunders P., VanderZwaag D., Management of Industrial Chemical and Wastes in CARICOM States Project, eds., School for Resource and Environmental Studies (SRES), Dalhousie University, 1312 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2E2, Canada, 1994. viii, 244p. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: Proceedings of a workshop on legislation for the management of industrial and chemical wastes in the CARICOM States (Caribbean Commonwealth Countries) held in Barbados, 21-23 October 1993. Main topics covered: overview of the chemical problem (air pollution, oil pollution, chemicals management for sustainable development); international and national chemical control legislation; principles and practical problems of chemical control legislation; management of industrial chemicals and wastes in various CARICOM States; recommendations and guidelines for model chemical legislation. (76740)
CIS 01-844 Second research programme "Safety in the transport of dangerous goods". (German: Zweites Forschungsprogramm "Sicherheit in der Gefahrgutbeförderung") Beck H., Bell K.H., Bruckmayr E., Damzog R., Förster W., Heilandt T., Hundhausen G., Kachel W., Lauer A., Lütkemeyer R., Wieser K.E., Bundesanstalt für Strassenwesen, Brüderstrasse 53, 51427 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany, 1999. 121p., ISBN 3-89701-374-6 (In German) Internet: A project group "Transportation of dangerous goods" appointed by the German Federal Ministry of Transportation, Construction and Housing has ascertained the requirements for research into the safety of dangerous goods transport by rail, inland waterways, and road, including combined modes of transport. Future research should focus on different aspects, including the modification of regulations, human factors, containers, vehicle technology, cargo security, transport interfaces, rescue operations and research management. (76797)
CIS 01-845 Assessment of the usefulness of material safety data sheets (MSDS) for SMEs - Final report. Geyer A., Kittel G., Vollebregt L., Westra J., Wriedt H., ppm Forschung und Beratung, Kaplanhofstrasse 1, 4020 Linz, Austria, Apr. 1999. ii, 59p.+35p. (Annex). Illus. 80 ref. Price: EUR 30.00. (In English) Internet: Fifty interviews with representatives of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were evaluated with respect to the materials safety data sheets (MSDSs) available from suppliers of hazardous substances and intended to support occupational safety. The SMEs involved were in the car repair, plastics processing, metalworking and dental laboratory sectors. Suppliers, trade organizations and government experts were also interviewed. It was found that MSDSs were poorly utilized and many of their features (structure, redundancy, technical level, specificity) were criticized. A list of recommendations were made for improving the usefulness and use of MSDS in SMEs. (76799)
CIS 01-846 Respiratory and dermal exposure to creosote. Heikkilä P., University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, Finland, 2001. 76p.+60p. (Annex). Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-781-098-9 (In English) Internet: The aim of this thesis was to explore the level of occupational exposure among creosote workers, to assess the significance of skin absorption as route of exposure and of two indicators, urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-OHN), as biomarkers of exposure to creosote. The study indicates that percutaneous absorption is an absorption route and that 1-OHP and 1-OHN are indicators of respiratory and dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Measurements showed that over 95% of the components of airborne impurities to which creosote workers are exposed were vaporous compounds and less than 5% were particulate PAHs. (76674)
CIS 01-847 Critical study of the health of electroplating workers based on relationships between ambient measurements, biological measurements and ENT examinations. (Portuguese: Um estudo crítico sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores de galvânicas, por meio das relações entre as avaliações ambientais, biológicas e otorrinolaringológicas) da Silva C.S., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 196p. Illus. 127 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: The objective of this study was to examine the working environment and health of electroplating workers, and to establish relationships between the concentration in air of various chemicals, their urinary concentrations and observed nasal injuries. 461 workers employed at 22 electroplating plants using various coating processes were studied. Ambient concentrations of acid vapours as well as of chromium, zinc and nickel were measured, together with the urinary concentrations of these metals among exposed workers. Although the ambient levels were far below the threshold values accepted in Brazil, rhinoscopic examination revealed that 35.5% of workers showed moderate or serious injury of the upper respiratory tract (ischaemia, ulcerations or perforations of the nasal septum) and 40.1% showed signs of initial phases of injury or non-specific injury. These results show that the accepted limits in Brazil are insufficient to ensure adequate protection of workers' health. (76668)
CIS 01-848 Occupational exposure to drugs administered as aerosols. Ribavirin. (Spanish: Exposición ocupacional a medicamentos administrados en forma de aerosol. Ribavirina) Solans Lampurlanés X., Gaynés Palau E., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 4p. Illus. 11 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: The dispensing of medicinal drugs in aerosol form (aerosol therapy) is increasingly widespread. Aimed at health care personnel, this information note concerns the dispensing of ribavirin, a synthetic triazo nucleoside which inhibits the replication of the syncytial respiratory virus. Contents include: action mode, indication and administration of ribavirin; toxic effects highlighted in human and animal studies; direct and indirect occupational exposure; exposure evaluation; exposure prevention (limiting the use, systems designed to avoid the dispersion and the diffusion of the aerosol, ventilation, exposure limitation and precautionary hygiene, personal protective equipment, information and training of personnel). (76704)
CIS 01-849 Criteria for the establishment of occupational exposure limits in the European Union. (Spanish: Criterios de establecimiento de valores límite de exposición profesional en la Unión Europea) Huici Montagud A., Ferrer Panzano R., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 6p. 2 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note describes the procedure developed by the European Union for determining occupational exposure limit values for chemicals. It is based on documents prepared by a committee of scientific experts (SCOEL) which analyses the harmful effects resulting from an exposure to the chemical and decides on the appropriate type of exposure limit (LOAEL, TWA, STEL) on the basis of published studies. The basic criteria considered by the committee are reviewed. They include limits for an average 8-hour exposure, limits for short-term exposure, uncertainty factors, toxicity for the reproductive system, carcinogens and acceptable threshold limits, products causing sensitization of the respiratory tract, skin notation and biological threshold values. The structure of basic EU documentation is also included. (76710)
CIS 01-850 Iron poisoning. (French: Intoxications par le fer) Flesch F., Thaon I., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 2nd Quarter 1999, No.123, 4p. 28 ref. (In French) Internet: Most cases of acute poisoning by iron are due to the ingestion of ferrous salts, either accidentally among children, or more rarely with an intention of committing suicide among adults. The main toxic mechanism of iron derives from its ability to induce the formation of free radicals and, consequently, the peroxidization of lipids. Iron poisoning evolves through four phases: digestive problems; transient clinical improvement; hepatitis; shock and acidosis; permanent after-effects on the digestive system in the form of stenosis. Besides symptomatic treatment, the treatment involves decontamination of the digestive tract, including intestinal lavage and chelating treatment with deferoxamine. Activated carbon is not effective. Chronic exposure to iron occurs mainly in occupational settings, and gives rise to overload pneumoconiosis due to the inhalation of iron oxide dust. (76787)
CIS 01-851 Safety in the use of chemicals at work - An ILO Code of Practice. (Russian: Bezopasnost' truda pri rabote s himičeskimi veščestvami) International Labour Organization (ILO), Izdatel'stvo "Prava čeloveka", Zubovskij bul'var, 119021 Moskva, Russian Federation, 2001. 96p., ISBN 5-7712-0188-X, ISBN 92-2-408006-5 (In Russian) Internet: Translation of a 1993 ILO code of practice originally abstracted as CIS 93-1998. It provides practical guidance to the implementation of the provisions of the ILO Chemicals Convention, 1990 (No.170), and Recommendation, 1990 (No.177) (see CIS 91-1421 for both). Contents: general obligations, responsibilities and duties; classification systems; labelling and marking; chemical safety data sheets; operational control measures; design and installation; work systems and practices; personal protection; information and training; maintenance of engineering control measures; monitoring in the workplace; medical and health surveillance; emergency procedures and first aid; investigation and reporting of accidents, occupational diseases and other incidents. (76808)
CIS 01-852 Indoor air quality: Emissions from materials used for building, interior decoration and maintenance. (Spanish: Calidad del aire interior: emisiones de materiales utilizados en la construcción, decoración y mantenimiento de edificios) Berenguer Subils M.J., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 6p. 4 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note examines the materials most commonly used during the construction, interior decoration and maintenance of buildings in order to assess the impact of these activities on ambient air quality. Contents include: effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on building occupants; various types of emissions (humid or dry products, absorbent materials, cleaning and maintenance products); various elements that could give rise to emissions (furniture, wall-coverings, curtains, walls, ceilings, floors); emissions due to products used for maintenance (cleaning products, interior fragrances, insecticides, rat poison); factors that need to be taken into consideration when carrying out an evaluation of interior air quality; tables listing the chemicals emitted by various maintenance products. (76706)
CIS 01-853 Road, rail and water transport of dangerous materials and goods. (Hungarian: Veszélyes anyagok és tárgyak közúti / vasúti / vízi szállítása) Scheuring I., Munkavédelem és Biztonságtechnika, 2000, Vol.12, No.4, p.17-22. Illus. 1 ref. (In Hungarian) Internet: Survey of the written guidance offered to transporters in North America concerning the prevention of major hazards during the surface transport of dangerous goods and materials. (76869)
CIS 01-854 Investigation of the practical requirements in analytical work performed in combating large chemical accidents. (German: Untersuchung der Praxisanforderung an die Analytik bei der Bekämpfung grosser Chemieunfälle) Matz G., Bundesamt für Zivilschutz, Deutschherrenstrasse 93-95, 53177 Bonn, Germany, 1998. 187p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In German) Internet: This publication summarizes knowledge required by firefighters, police and technical services when dealing with major accidents involving dangerous chemicals. It includes toxicological data on chemicals, dispersion models, sampling, technical systems and instruments for analysis, measuring strategies and analytical methods. Detection capabilities, requirements for detection of substances and the design and function of instruments are discussed. (76796)
CIS 01-855 Practical fire safety manual, 1993-1996. (French: Traité pratique de sécurité incendie, 1993-1996) Centre national de prévention et de protection, 5 rue Daunou, 75002 Paris, France, 5th ed., 1992. 905p. Illus. Index., ISBN 2-900503-17-5 (In French) Internet: This publication is divided into 7 sections: "general principles" covers basic understanding of fire safety; "construction and design of buildings", deals with the concepts that are essential for the designer, builder and user of a building with regard to fire safety; "fire safety organizations" provides information on administrations, fire protection services, insurance organizations, standards and supervisory bodies; "plant safety organization" addresses the issues of risks, responsibilities, the organization of emergency services and training; "fire safety materials and products" describes detection, extinction and personal protective equipment; "hazards from operations " covers the main fire hazards in industrial environments from energy production, transporting fluids, storage, maintenance and specific processes; finally, the section entitled "bodies" lists trade associations, professional bodies and research centres. (76779)
CIS 01-856 Transportable gas cylinders - Compatibility of cylinder and valve materials with gas contents - Part 2: Non-metallic materials. (French: Bouteilles à gaz transportables - Compatibilité des matériaux des bouteilles et des robinets avec les contenus gazeux - Partie 2: Matériaux non métalliques) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. vi, 16p. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard gives guidance to the selection and evaluation of compatibility between non-metallic materials for gas cylinders and valves and the cylinders' gas contents. It also covers bundles, tubes and pressure drums. This standard may be helpful for composite and laminate materials. (76744)
CIS 01-857 Working safely near overhead power lines. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., Nov. 2000. 3p. Illus. 6 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet outlines measures for reducing the risk of accidents involving overhead power lines during agricultural work involving farm machinery. Contents include: obtaining information from the local electricity company on the location and height of power lines and required precautionary measures; safe systems of work (training, safe use of machinery, minimum clearance); emergency action in the event of an accident. Replaces CIS 97-1678. (76683)
CIS 01-858 Disorders of the peripheral nervous system due to vibrating instruments: Clinical and diagnostic study of a group of symptomatic subjects. (Italian: Neuropatia da strumenti vibranti: studio clinico-diagnostico in un gruppo di soggetti sintomatici) Todaro A., Tomasini M., Di Carlo D., Consonni D., Mariani E., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.217-225. 25 ref. (In Italian) Internet: To evaluate the risk of hand-arm vibration exposure and associated disorders of the peripheral nervous system, 40 male subjects with exposure for more than five years and nervous symptoms of the hands for more than one year were studied, together with two control groups of non-symptomatic non-exposed subjects. An electroneurophysiological study of the exposed subjects revealed 18 nerve conduction speed changes (12 median nerve, 4 ulnar nerve, 2 median and ulnar nerve), most of which were sensitivity-motor changes; only 9 carpal tunnel syndromes were diagnosed. Some statistically significant differences between exposed subjects with negative results of the electroneurophysiological study and non-exposed subjects were observed. Prolonged vibration exposure seems to induce a hand-arm nerve suffering, initially with a progressive nerve conduction speed change and non-specific symptoms, but subsequently a peripheral nervous system disorder associated or not to a carpal tunnel syndrome may occur. (76658)
CIS 01-859 Case-cohort analysis of brain cancer and leukemia in electric utility workers using a refined magnetic field job-exposure matrix. Savitz D.A., Cai J., van Wijngaarden E., Loomis D., Mihlan G., Dufort V., Kleckner R.C., Nylander-French L., Kromhout H., Zhou H., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.417-425. Illus. 30 ref. (In English) Internet: This study is based on data from a completed cohort study on the association between occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and cancer. The 164 men who died of leukaemia, 145 men who died of brain cancer and a random sub-cohort of 800 men were selected from the original cohort. Job groups were subdivided based on differences in work environments or tasks performed. Magnetic field exposure remained unrelated to leukaemia mortality and positively associated with brain cancer mortality based on both cumulative and average magnetic field indices. An increased risk of brain cancer was found in relation to career exposure, with risk ratios of 1.8 and 2.5 in the uppermost categories for cumulative and average exposure, stronger for exposure 2-10 years past. (76623)
CIS 01-860 Damage to human hearing by airborne sound of very high frequency or ultrasonic frequency. Lawton B.W., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2001. vi, 77p. 114 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-2019-0 (In English) Internet: This literature review examines the audiological, occupational hygiene and industrial safety literature on the subjective and auditory effects of audible sound in the very high frequency range (10-20kHz) and also in the inaudible ultrasonic range (greater than 20kHz, generally thought to be the upper frequency limit of young normal hearing). Proposed exposure limits have been in existence since 1961, with the intent of avoiding any subjective effects and any auditory effects, in any exposed individuals. The evolution of these internationally-recognised Damage Risk Criteria and Maximum Permitted Levels has been examined critically. Conclusions and recommendations are offered in respect of hearing damage and adverse subjective effects caused by sounds outside the customary frequency range for occupational noise exposure assessments. (76735)
CIS 01-861 Noise control '98 - Proceedings - 2-4 June, 1998. Engel Z., Augustyńska D., eds., Central Institute for Labour protection, ul. Czerniakowska 16, 00-701 Warszawa, Poland, 1998. 650p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 83-87354-31-7 (In English, Polish) Internet: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Noise Control held in Krynica, Poland, 2-4 June 1998. Main topics covered: general problems (noise assessment, noise and vibration control, detection threshold of low-frequency pure and complex tones, high-frequency hearing loss in percussion players); sources of noise at work and occupational exposure; environmental noise; transportation noise (aircraft, tramways, highways); tire and road noise measurement; protection against noise (sound absorption); active noise and vibration control; economic aspects of noise control; protection against hand-arm vibration; noise measurement and analysis. (76748)
CIS 01-862 Effects of whole-body vibrations on the standing human body and consequences for practical research and assessment from the point of view of labour science. (German: Zur Wirkung von Ganzkörperschwingungen auf den stehenden Menschen und Konsequenzen für die Forschungs- und Beurteilungspraxis aus arbeitswissenschaftlicher Perspektive) Treier C, Universitätsverlag Dr. N. Brockmeyer, Uni-Tech-Center, Gebäude MC, 44799 Bochum, Germany, 1997. xi, 384p. Illus. approx. 370 ref. Price: DEM 49.80., ISBN 3-8196-495-2 (In German) Internet: Topics: Germany; human experiments; standing posture; vibration amplitude; vibration frequency; vibration intensity; vibration measurement; vibration testing; vibration transmission; whole-body vibration. (76762)
CIS 01-863 Technical report on noise emission of construction machines. (German: Technischer Bericht zur Untersuchung der Geräuschemissionen von Baumaschinen) Krämer E., Hessische Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Reingaustrase 186, 65203 Wiesbaden, Germany, 1998. approx. 200p. Illus. 5 ref., ISBN 3-89026-269-4 (In German) Internet: Topics: design data; earthmoving equipment; Germany; noise level; noise measurement; noise; report; sound power. (76768)
CIS 01-864 Thermal comfort at the workplace. (Portuguese: Conforto térmico nos ambientes de trabalho) Ruas A.C., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 94p. Illus. 24 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This document includes all the elements required to evaluate thermal comfort at the workplace, determine satisfactory levels as a function of the place and nature of work, and improve existing conditions. The concept of thermal comfort is defined and energy expenditure related to various tasks is expressed in tabular form. Thermal comfort is influenced by several factors: temperature, relative velocity and humidity of air, average radiant temperature, thermal insulation of the work clothes worn and physical activity carried out. Comfort diagrams provide graphical representations of combinations of these factors. Several examples of calculations applied to real cases are presented. (76667)
CIS 01-865 Working in hot environments and thermal comfort. (French: Travail à la chaleur et confort thermique) Martinet C., Meyer J.P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Dec. 1999. v, 59p. Illus. 74 ref. (In French) Internet: The objective of this study was to describe physical and physiological phenomena characterizing work under hot conditions and conditions of thermal comfort, and to propose an approach for their analysis using a simple index. This index is based on the continuous measurement of pulse rate (Fc) and the calculation of the excess heart pulsations (EPCT) between the beginning and end of the exposure. The approach was validated by experimental results obtained from examining 18 tasks involving 98 workers under real hot work conditions. Results show that the EPCT is closely linked to the increase in oral temperature during exposure, and that an EPCT below 20 is indicative of an acceptable physiological load. (76772)
CIS 01-866 Developing a strategy for evaluating health hazards due to electromagnetic fields. (French: Elaboration d'une stratégie d'évaluation des risques pour la santé liés aux champs électromagnétiques) de Sèze R., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Mar. 2000. Approx. 150p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French) Internet: The objectives of this literature survey were to establish the current state of scientific understanding with respect to occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and to develop a framework enabling medical biophysics departments to evaluate their possible harmfulness for workers. This framework comprises five points: precise definition of exposure; study of relevant regulations and standards; study of literature on epidemiology and biological effects; protection in cases of accidental over-exposure; sending of documentation in support of the answer given. (76777)
CIS 01-867 Noise. (French: Le bruit) Duclos J.C., Bergeret A., Normand J.C., Prost G., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 2nd Quarter 1999, No.123, 8p. Illus. 44 ref. (In French) Internet: Noise is a complex issue. For occupational physicians, it often implies hearing loss and compensation. However, it is a much broader public hygiene issue. It is generally accepted that noise causes discomfort. There is often a cumulative effect of exposure to occupational and environmental noise, caused for example by noisy leisure activities. Topics covered: physical aspects of noise and technical means of noise attenuation, noise perception, effects of noise on the body, regulatory aspects. Although considered primarily from the occupational perspective, the various aspects of noise are also discussed with reference to their possible environmental impact. (76788)
CIS 01-868 Radiofrequency and microwave radiation (I): Occupational exposure evaluation. (Spanish: Radiofrecuencias y microondas (I): evaluación de la exposición laboral) Luna Mendaza P., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 4p. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note explains the physical principles applicable to the evaluation of occupational exposure to radiofrequency and microwave radiation as well as their physiological effects on the human body (density of induced current, specific absorption rate, specific absorption). Three examples of evaluation are also included. (See also CIS 01-869.). (76707)
CIS 01-869 Radiofrequency and microwave radiation (II): Occupational exposure control. (Spanish: Radiofrecuencias y microondas (II): control de la exposición laboral) Luna Mendaza P., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 5p. Illus. 10 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note describes the measures aimed at limiting occupational exposure to radiofrequency and microwave radiation, including practical examples (increasing the distance between the transmitter and the receptor, shielding including metallic mesh and perforated panels, optical windows). It recommends the use of signs to warn users of cardiac regulators against possible interference between these devices and radiofrequency radiation. Pregnancy, feverishness and pharmacological treatments that influence thermal regulation, as well as the use of devices whose functioning could be impaired by this type of radiation, represent increased hazards. (See also CIS 01-868.). (76708)
CIS 01-870 Noise - Analysis and solutions. (Swedish: Buller - analys och lösningar) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, SAF, LO & PTK i samverkan, Box 3208, SE 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 2000. CD-ROM for Windows 95-2000 or NT (min. 800x600 pixels high colour (16 bit), Soundblaster or compatible sound card)., ISBN 91-7522-692-8 (In English, Swedish) Internet: This CD-ROM provides advice on how to deal with commonly encountered workplace noise problems and includes sound recordings of noise before and after applying noise reduction measures for selected equipment. It explains why efficient noise reduction is needed, with examples of work organization, how to get started, internal training ideas and carrying out a noise survey. (76851)
CIS 01-871 Pressure sensitive mats as safety devices in danger zones. Dąbrowski S., Brański Z., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1998, Vol.4, No.4, p.499-519. Illus. 5 ref. (In English) Internet: Developing prototypes of pressure sensitive mats and testing their practical application were the aims of this study. Two contact plate mats were designed and constructed: rubber-rubber and metal-metal. Two laboratory test stands for measuring the actuating force, response time, static pressure resistance, and the durability of the mats were constructed. Computer software was written to control the operation of those test stands. Methods of testing pressure sensitive mats were based on DIN and EN standards. Both prototypes were tested under laboratory and industrial conditions. The test results proved that the design was correct, the setup requirements were fulfilled, and the mats were efficient and reliable in the industrial environment. (76714)
CIS 01-872 Modifying existing regulations with a view of making them suitable to the safety of agricultural tractors. (Italian: Revisione delle normative esistenti ai fini della loro applicabilità sulla sicurezza delle trattrici agricole) Santoro D., Blandini G., Schillaci G., Cerruto M., Manetto G., Prevenzione oggi, 2000, Vol.XII, No.1, p.89-142. Illus. (In Italian) Internet: An analysis of most frequent safety and health hazards related to agricultural tractors currently used in Italy was conducted along with a review of the existing regulations. The main hazards identified were poor transversal and longitudinal stability, noise perceived by the driver, vibrations of the driver's seat, risk of contact with transmission parts and incorrect manoeuvres and driving habits. The noise levels to which drivers are exposed when farm tools are attached to the tractor also need to comply with the regulations. Other hazards where safety measures are currently inadequate include using a power take-off unit at 1000rpm on a tool that requires 500, and the accidental setting-in-motion of the lever of the manual accelerator. (76729)
CIS 01-873 Fatal injuries caused by logs rolling off trucks: Kentucky 1994-1998. Struttmann T.W., Scheerer A.L., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 2001, Vol.39, No.2, p.203-208. Illus. 20 ref. (In English) Internet: Logging is one of the most hazardous occupations and fatality rates are consistently among the highest of all industries. Between 1994 and 1998, seven accidents were identified in which a worker was killed by a log rolling off a truck at a sawmill, accounting for 15% of the 45 deaths related to logging activities. These accidents caused by logs rolling off trucks are reviewed in order to identify similar characteristics and risk factors. Recommendations are made in the area of behavioural changes, administrative control and operations. Potential interventions include limiting load height on trucks, installing unloading cages at sawmills and prohibiting overloaded trucks on public roadways. (76599)
CIS 01-874 Mechanical equipment injuries in small manufacturing businesses: Knowledge, behavioral and management issues. Gardner D., Carlopio J., Fonteyn P.N., Cross J.A., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1999, Vol.5, No.1, p.59-71. 16 ref. (In English) Internet: This paper presents findings from a study into factors that have an influence on the high rate of injuries due to mechanical equipment in Australia, especially in small manufacturing firms. Issues relating to knowledge of heath and safety issues and to management practices have been shown to be extremely important with regards to safety in small businesses. Knowledge and awareness of hazards were found to be relatively low and few respondents, especially managers, had received adequate safety training. Managers did not regard the identification and control of risks as a priority. Workplaces generally lacked effective safety management procedures, and clearly defined responsibilities for safety. Some issues requiring further investigation, and some recommendations for improving safety in small businesses are presented. (76716)
CIS 01-875 Requirements for instruction handbooks on product standards in support of the EC machinery directive. (German: Anforderungen an Betriebsanleitungen in Europäischen Maschinennormen) Johannknecht A., Verein zur Förderung der Arbeitssicherheit in Europa e.V., Kommission Arbeitsschutz und Normung (KAN), Geschäftsstelle, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Dec. 1997. 119p. 23 ref., ISBN 3-88383-472-6 (In German) Internet: Topics: comment on standard; European Communities; Germany; machinery guarding regulations; manuals; standard catalogue; standardization. (76764)
CIS 01-876 Fitting and use of restraining systems on lift trucks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Nov. 2000. 3p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet concerns the retrofitting of operator and passenger restraining systems and attachment points to lift trucks. It is aimed at employers of persons using lift trucks at work, as well as at operators and hirers of lift trucks. It summarizes the requirements of the United Kingdom regulations with respect to the need to provide restraining systems. Contents include: legal requirements; situations where restraining systems are required; types of trucks with the highest risk of overturning; preventing overturning accidents; technical requirements for driver restraints; special provisions applicable to hired equipment. (76681)
CIS 01-877 Industrial variable-reach trucks - Part 1: Stability tests. (French: Chariots de manutention à portée variable - Partie 1: Essais de stabilité) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iv, 10p. Illus. 2 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of international standard ISO 13562 specifies the basic tests for verifying the stability of industrial variable-reach fork-lift trucks. It applies to the following types of self-propelled, seated rider operated, counterbalanced industrial variable-reach fork-lift trucks: with non-slewing booms or with a slewing movement not greater than 5° either side of the longitudinal centre plane of the truck; fitted with fork arms or load-handling attachments; with a fixed or articulated chassis; that may have stabilizers, axle-locking or frame-levelling devices; with two- or four-wheel or articulated steering systems. It is not applicable to these trucks when they are handling suspended loads which may swing freely. (76743)
CIS 01-878 Fixed built-up scaffolds. (Spanish: Andamios perimetrales fijos) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 10p. Illus. 7 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note describes the various hazards linked to the construction, the use and the dismantling of fixed built-up scaffolds, as well as the hazards they pose to bystanders. Contents: definition, classification and use of fixed built-up scaffolds; hazards (falls from heights, collapse of the structure, electrocution, falls on the level) and risk factors, preventive measures (appropriate materials, dimensions of the elements, protective railings, screens or meshes, access stairways and gangways); safety standards applicable to the erection and use; personal protective equipment; safety signalling aimed at workers, vehicles and pedestrians; legislation. (76701)
CIS 01-879 Safe use of hand-fed planing machines. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., Oct. 2000. 4p. Illus. 8 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet provides practical guidance on safe methods of work for the most common jobs on hand-fed planers or surfacers. Contents: accident history; guarding, setting and using hand-fed planing machines; tooling; safety devices; precautions during rebating and bevelling; power feeding; maintenance. Replaces CIS 93-1026. (76687)
CIS 01-880 Worker exposures to airborne dust, endotoxin and β(1,3)-glucan in two New Zealand sawmills. Douwes J., McLean D., van der Maarl E., Heederik D., Pearce N., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 2000, Vol.38, No.4, p.426-430. 26 ref. (In English) Internet: Airborne dust, bacterial endotoxin and β(1,3)-glucan levels were measured in 37 samples from two New Zealand sawmills. Nearly one-third of the measured dust levels exceeded 1mg/m3 and only one sample exceeded the legal limit of 5mg/m3. Endotoxin levels were clearly elevated with 50% of all measured exposures above 50EU/m3 (range: 7-588EU/m3). β(1,3)-glucan levels were comparable with levels measured in other industries where workers are exposed to organic dust. Workers in the planing department had the highest mean exposures to dust, endotoxin and β(1,3)-glucan. Dust levels were only weakly correlated with endotoxin and β(1,3)-glucan levels. Endotoxin exposures in sawmill workers are at levels sufficient to potentially contribute to the development of respiratory symptoms. Moreover, measurement of dust exposure is a poor proxy for β(1,3)-glucan and endotoxin exposure in sawmill workers. (76624)
CIS 01-881 Organic dust-related respiratory and eye irritation in Norwegian farmers. Melbostad E., Eduard W., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 2001, Vol.39, No.2, p.209-217. Illus. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: To study the relationship between exposure to organic dust and work-related symptoms, 8,482 farmers and spouses were surveyed. Task-related respiratory and eye symptoms were recorded by questionnaire. Personal exposure to total dust, fungal spores, bacteria, endotoxins and ammonia during 12 different tasks was measured in a random sample of 127 farms. The prevalence of work-related symptoms occurring "often" was 31% and "seldom" 35%. Task mean exposures ranged from 0.04 to 2mg dust/m3, 0.02 x 106 to 2 x 106 fungal spores/m3, 0.2 x 106 to 48 x 106 bacteria/m3, 0.5 x 103 to 28 x 103 endotoxin units/m3, and 0 to 8 ppm ammonia. Task mean exposure levels were positively correlated with task-specific symptom prevalences for total dust, fungal spores and endotoxins, but not for bacteria and ammonia. (76600)
CIS 01-882 Vaccine prophylaxis for workers exposed to biological hazards. (Italian: La profilassi vaccinale: contributo per il controllo del rischio biologico nei lavoratori esposti) Vonesch N., Tomao P., Signorini S., Palmi S., Papaleo B., Medicina del lavoro, May-June 2000, Vol.91, No.3, p.226-250. 79 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Occupations with exposure to biological agents have become a matter of discussion, especially after the introduction in Italy of Law 626/94 (see CIS 96-1531), in conformity with the EU directive 90/679/EEC (see CIS 91-29). There are many important biological agents that can have infectious, allergic, toxic or carcinogenic effects on the working population. Large occupational groups are exposed to these biohazards, both in agriculture and industry. Vaccination is one of the most beneficial medical practices, which has led to the eradication of devastating diseases such as smallpox and the almost total elimination of poliomyelitis. Vaccination is also one of the most cost effective prevention measures applicable. This paper describes the possible vaccinations that employers should make available to employees exposed to biological risk, according to article 86 of Law 626/94. (76659)
CIS 01-883 Common zoonoses in agriculture. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., Nov. 2000. 6p. 2 ref. (In English) Internet: This data sheet describes United Kingdom legal requirements for the control of the risk of zoonoses in humans, and provides guidance on precautions: occupational hygiene practices when working with livestock; use of personal protective equipment; provision of separate washing and eating facilities for farm visitors. Symptoms, treatment and control of some common zoonoses are outlined. Replaces CIS 97-1012. (76682)
CIS 01-884 Biological hazard prevention in the laboratory: Work with viruses. (Spanish: Prevención del riesgo biológico en el laboratorio: trabajo con virus) Martí Solé M.C., Alonso Espadalé R.M., Constans Aubert A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1999. 6p. 8 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This information note provides guidance on biological hazards linked to the handling of various viruses (hepatitis A, B and C, herpes, influenza, Armstrong's disease, polio, rabies, spongiform encephalopathy and vesicular stomatitis, HIV and SIV retroviruses); modes of transmission and levels of confinement appropriate for safe work in laboratories. (76705)
CIS 01-885 Hygienic design of machinery in the food and drink industries. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Mar. 2001. 4p. 10 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet is aimed at manufacturers, suppliers and importers of food processing machinery into the United Kingdom. It covers legal requirements for minimizing microbiological and chemical risks to food consumers through hygienic design. The guidance will also be relevant to the food industry for the selection of suitable machinery when making purchases. Contents include: approaches to hygienic design; hygienic design priorities; design "do's" and "don'ts"; instructions for users; verifications; safety considerations. (76686)
CIS 01-886 Are neck flexion, neck rotation, and sitting at work risk factors for neck pain? Results of a prospective cohort study. Ariëns G.A.M., Bongers P.M., Douwes M., Miedema M.C., Hoogendoorn W.E., van der Wal G., Bouter L.M., van Mechelen W., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2001, Vol.58, No.3, p.200-207. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: To study the relation between neck pain and work-related neck flexion, neck rotation and sitting, a prospective cohort study was performed with a follow-up of 3 years among 1,334 workers from 34 companies. Work-related physical load was assessed by analysing objectively measured exposure data (video recordings) of neck flexion, neck rotation and sitting posture. Neck pain was assessed by a questionnaire. Adjustments were made for various non-occupational physical factors, psychosocial factors and individual characteristics. A significant positive relation was found between the percentage of the working time in a sitting position and neck pain, with an increased risk of neck pain for workers sitting more than 95% of the time (crude relative risk (RR) 2.01; adjusted RR 2.34). A positive relationhip between neck flexion and neck pain was found, suggesting an increased risk for people working with the neck at a minimum of 20° of flexion for more than 70% of the time (crude RR 2.01; adjusted RR 1.63). No clear relationship was found between neck rotation and neck pain. (76630)
CIS 01-887 Reported neck and shoulder problems in female industrial workers: The importance of factors at work and at home. Björkstén M.G., Boquist B., Talbäck M., Edling C., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Mar. 2001, Vol.27, No.3, p.159-170. 42 ref. (In English) Internet: To determine how exposure to physical and psychosocial factors at work and at home influences self-reported musculoskeletal problems of the neck, shoulders and thoracic spine, a group of 173 Swedish female blue-collar workers, aged 20-45 with monotonous work tasks in the metal and food industries completed questionnaires relating to health status and demographic factors, exposure factors (work-related, domestic, lifestyle and leisure factors) and outcome (musculoskeletal problems). Results showed that an increased risk of suffering from musculoskeletal problems of the neck and shoulder region was related to working in a monotonous fixed position, working with the hands and arms lifted and unsupported, and having a high decision latitude. Single women without children below the age of 13 reported fewer problems than women with a partner, children below the age of 13 or both. (76640)
CIS 01-888 Ergonomics and quality management - Humans in interaction with technology, work environment and organization. Eklund J.A.E, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1999, Vol.5, No.2, p.143-160. Illus. 38 ref. (In English) Internet: In many studies, ergonomics has been shown to influence human performance. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate important ergonomics influences on quality in industrial production, from the perspective of interactions between humans, technology, organization and work environment. A second aim was to elaborate on the implications of these findings for the development of quality management strategies. Four case studies are presented which show that ergonomics problems are important causes of quality deficiencies in terms of adverse work environmental conditions, inappropriate design of technology and unsuitable organization. Problem solving aimed at improving ergonomics, quality, and productivity simultaneously is likely to obtain support from most of the interested parties of the company, and may also enhance participation. Ergonomics has the potential of becoming a driving force for the development of new quality management strategies. (76609)
CIS 01-889 Job redesign needs for aged workers. Kawakami M., Inoue F., Ohkubo T., Ueno T., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1998, Vol.4, No.4, p.471-483. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) Internet: The aim of this paper was to explore and present a proposal for redesigning elements of the workplace for aged workers. The method of research was to observe, record and measure the actions of sitting workers performing assembly operations in a Japanese electrical products plant. The evaluation index used in the experiment was obtained by measuring time motion elements, cycle time per product, and motion velocity waves of elderly workers. Those motion characteristics were then compared with the motion characteristics of young workers. The results led to job redesign elements being identified to reduce handling factors of high difficulty for aged workers and to the necessity to consider a coefficient of correction for the time measurement standard according to differences in the manufactured object's weight. (76713)
CIS 01-890 Synergism of ergonomics, safety and quality - A behavioral cybernetic analysis. Smith T.J., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1999, Vol.5, No.2, p.247-278. Illus. 35 ref. (In English) Internet: This report transposes a control systems or cybernetic model of behaviour to the behaviour of groups of many individuals (organizations and institutions) operating together with technology as complex sociotechnical (ST) systems. The premise is that the level of quality in performance of a complex ST system is predicated upon the degree with which its organizational design incorporates elements of a closed-loop behavioural control system: control goals and objectives, sensory receptors, sensory feedback, learning and memory, effectors, and sensory feedback control. Ergonomics is essential to effective organizational self-regulation. If working conditions are poorly designed, work performance and safety and quality outcomes cannot be closely controlled. Conversely, as shown by field evidence, good design promotes synergism between ergonomics, safety, and quality as a closed-loop consequence of effective employee and organizational self-control of system performance, safety, and quality. (76610)
CIS 01-891 Biomechanical stress on workers in meat-cutting shops. (French: Sollicitations biomécaniques des opérateurs dans les ateliers de découpe de viande) Silvin S., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Feb. 2000. ii, 140p. Illus. 63 ref. (In French) Internet: The objective of this project was to study biomechanical factors (efforts, repetitiveness of the movements, angular postures) considered to be the main risk factors for musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs). Wrists of meat industry operators involved in de-boning and preparing were examined. Results show that the strain on operators' wrists is not only much higher than those of normal hand movements, but also higher than those observed in other occupations. Furthermore, it is observed that that the operators' experience and cutting ability are important determinants of strain. Finally, the results are discussed and validated in the light of published epidemiological and ergonomic studies. (76773)
CIS 01-892 Intelligence at work: Selected articles on ergonomics. (Portuguese: A inteligência no trabalho) Wisner A., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 191p. Bibl.ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Collection of 10 articles on ergonomics and occupational psychology written between 1981 and 1991, translated from the French. Main topics covered include: organization of work; mental and physical workload; relations with co-workers; psychology of work; work intensity; work safety and human error; cognitive psychology applied to work; work ergonomics and psychopathology; ergonomic methodology; cultural and technical influences; influence of technology transfers on company and work organization. (76662)
CIS 01-893 ERGON-AXIA 2000 - Ergonomics and safety for global business quality and productivity. Podgórski D., Karwowski W., eds., Central Institute for Labour Protection, ul. Czerniakowska 16. Warszawa, Poland, 2000. xiv, 490p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 83-87354-54-6 (In English) Internet: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Ergonomics and Safety for Global Business Quality and Productivity (ERGON-AXIA 2000) held in Warsaw, Poland, 19-21 May 2000. Main topics covered: ergonomics and total quality management; economic aspects of ergonomics and occupational safety and health; ergonomic product design; hazard identification and risk assessment in the work environment; ergonomic aspects of personal protective equipment; evaluation of human performance at work; ergonomics for rehabilitation, elderly and medical care; teaching and training ergonomics; prevention of fatigue and work injuries; ergonomic design process; participatory ergonomics; human-computer interaction; workplace design. (76719)
CIS 01-894 Work organization and ergonomics. Di Martino V., Corlett N., eds., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. xiii, 211p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 25.00., ISBN 92-2-109518-5 (In English) Internet: This publication, compiled by a multidisciplinary team of experts, provides practical tools for managers and workers to combine human resources, new technologies and quality environment in order to improve competitiveness and performance. It presents the most advanced techniques in the area of work organization and ergonomics. Main topics covered: designing innovative workplaces; task analysis and workplace design; layout of equipment and production flow; working together (teamwork, job rotation, autonomous working groups); ergonomic planning of buildings and premises; strategic organizational issues (total quality management, just-in-time); case studies of successful organizational and ergonomic improvements. (76750)
CIS 01-895 Using ergonomics to include occupational safety and health considerations at the job design phase. (French: Utilisation de l'ergonomie pour construire la prévention dès la conception des situations de travail) Grosjean J.C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Dec. 1999. 77p. Illus. 73 ref. (In French) Internet: This report presents the results of a survey on current practices and needs of ergonomists attached to the prevention department of the French Regional Funds for Work Accidents and Occupational Disease Prevention (CRAM) involved in project design. It includes a literature survey on methodology. The use of ergonomics in order to apply prevention principles progressively from the first stages of the project to its completion is proposed. The process comprises three stages. The first stage involves analysing the project and identifying its context within the company. The second stage consists of anticipating future work (based on ergonomics tools and methods), and associates all participants. Consequences in terms of training, work organization, project management and theoretical knowledge concerning design tasks and the activity of designers are examined to facilitate this construction. The third stage is one of follow-up and evaluation. (76771)
CIS 01-896 Effects of the practical length of physical job experience on the biomechanical stresses on the hand. (French: Effets de la durée pratique de l'activité physique professionnelle sur les sollicitations biomécaniques de la main) Gerling A., Aptel M., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Mar. 2000. 45p. Illus. 41 ref. (In French) Internet: The purpose of this study was to analyse impact of experience on the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) by means of biomechanical measurements of voluntary subjects involved in jewellery-stone setting (6 women) and meat-cutting (5 men), classed as being "novices" or "experts" as a function of their length of employment in their respective occupations. MSD risk was assessed by means of the quantification of biomechanical stress (strength, awkward posture repetitiveness of upper limb). Results indicate that biomechanical stress is lower in the expert group than in the novice group. (76774)
CIS 01-897 The Dortmund lumbar load study: Assessment of lumbar load during selected occupational activities. (German: Dortmunder Lumbalbelastungsstudie: Ermittlung der Belastung der Wirbelsäule bei ausgewählten beruflichen Tätigkeiten) Jäger M., Jordan C., Luttmann A., Dettmer U., Bongwald O., Laurig W., Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, [1998]. 215p. Illus. 48 ref., ISBN 3-88383-491-2 (In German) Internet: This publication presents the results of the Dortmund lumbar load study. The loads resulting from selected occupational tasks in construction, metal processing, meat processing and household refuse collection were biomechanically quantified and analysed based on video documentation, a new detailed body posture code, measured action forces, and lumbar loads calculated with the "Dortmunder" model. Disc compression was evaluated and found to be excessive in numerous work situations. (76792)
CIS 01-898 Simulation of rapid movements in sports and occupational oscillatory loads using biomechanical models in order to determine the stress exerted on the human musculoskeletal system. (German: Simulation schnell ablaufender Bewegungen im Sport und bei beruflichen Schwingungsbelastungen mit Hilfe von biomechanischen Modellen zur Ermittlung der Beanspruchung des menschlichen Bewegungsapparates) Fritz M., VDI Verlag, Postfach 10 10 54, 40001 Düsseldorf, Germany, 1999. x, 205p. Illus. 181 ref. Index., ISBN 3-18-318417-X (In German) Internet: According to the results of epidemiological studies, diseases of the musculoskeletal system correlate with oscillatory loads on the hand-arm system or entire body. Certain sport activities can also lead to leg (and, in particular, ankle) injuries. The damage arises from a mismatch between the forces transmitted and the mechanical resistance of bones and cartilage. Due to the difficulties of measuring forces on the joints, they are simulated by biomechanical models. The duration and frequency of motions, forces, and loads are compared with the strength of the joints which depend on age, sex and body build. Use of the data for the interpretation of musculoskeletal disorders due to hand-arm and whole-body vibration are discussed. (76793)
CIS 01-899 Software tools for ergonomic work design. (German: Software-Werkzeuge zur ergonomischen Arbeitsgestaltung) Landau K., Luczak H., Laurig W., eds., Verlag Institut für Arbeitsorganisation eV, Teckstrasse 1, 72574 Bad Urach, Germany, 1997. ix, 332p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 64.00., ISBN 3-932160-00-2 (In German) Internet: This publication treats ergonomic aspects in the context of the new German law on occupational safety. It describes workplace design and hazard evaluation software, models for the planning of team work, software tools for shift work planning and work organization as well as ergonomics of physical work, tools, and shift work. (76798)
CIS 01-900 Working postures - Prediction and evaluation. Delleman N.J., Nico J. Delleman, Amstelveen, Netherlands, 1999. 227p. Illus. 171 ref., ISBN 90-9012931-6 (In English) Internet: This thesis describes determinants and evaluation criteria of working postures and examines data from the literature on the relationship between manual operations, working postures and workers' perceptions of the discomfort due to physical load. A posture prediction and evaluation tool, aimed at designers of workstations, are developed. Postures during sewing, data entry at computer screens, maintenance work (pneumatic wrenching, oxy-gas cutting, grinding) and work at metal presses are analysed. (76749)
CIS 01-901 Ergonomics - Evaluation of static working postures. (French: Ergonomie - Evaluation des postures de travail statiques) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. v, 19p. Illus. 9 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard establishes ergonomic recommendations for different work tasks. It provides information for those involved in the design or redesign of work, jobs and products. It specifies recommended limits for static working postures without, or with only minimal external force exertion, while taking into account body angles and time aspects. Recommendations are based on experimental studies regarding musculoskeletal load, discomfort and pain, and endurance and fatigue related to static working postures. (76718)
CIS 01-902 Ergonomic design of control centres - Part 2: Principles for the arrangement of control suites. (French: Conception ergonomique des centres de commande - Partie 2: Principes pour l'aménagement de la salle de commande et de ses annexes) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. v, 14p. 7 ref. (In English, French) Internet: Part 2 of the present international standard ISO 11064 covers ergonomic design principles for control centres and, more specifically, the various arrangements of rooms and spaces in a control suite. The principles are based on an analysis of functions and tasks that have to be supported by the control room and functionally-related rooms. They include identifying functional areas, estimating the space provisions for each functional area, determining operational links between functional areas and developing preliminary layouts for the control suite to facilitate the transition between all the activities conducted in the control suite (see also CIS 01-904). (76741)
CIS 01-903 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements - Amendment 1. (French: Exigences ergonomiques pour le travail de bureau avec des terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Exigences relatives aux écrans de visualisation - Amendement 1) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2000. iii, 13p. 40 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This is an amendment of the international standard ISO 9241-3 summarized in CIS 94-390. It describes a procedure for testing the visual quality of VDTs where the entire set of physical requirements cannot be applied, for example, to novel display technologies such as new types of flat panel display (such as electro-luminescent and field emission displays). The test consists of a search task and an assessment of visual comfort. The combination of test results will be referred to as the visual quality of a display. The intention is to provide a test method for displays that cannot otherwise be tested for conformance with this part of ISO 9241. (76742)
CIS 01-904 Ergonomic design of control centres - Part 1: Principles for the design of control centres. (French: Conception ergonomique des centres de commande - Partie 1: Principes pour la conception des centres de commande) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. v, 30p. Illus. 22 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of international standard ISO 11064 specifies ergonomic principles, recommendations and requirements to be applied in the design of control centres, as well as in their expansion, refurbishment and technological upgrades. It covers all types of control centres typically employed for process industries, transportation and logistic control systems and people deployment services. Although this part of ISO 11064 is primarily intended for non-mobile control centres, many of the principles specified in this document could be applicable to mobile control centres, such as those found on ships and aircraft (see also CIS 01-902). (76745)
CIS 01-905 Assessing safety culture in offshore environments. Cox S.J., Cheyne A.J.T., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.111-129. Illus. 42 ref. (In English) Internet: A collaborative industry and government research project in the United Kingdom on the assessment of safety culture in offshore oil extraction industry environments is presented. It describes a Safety Climate Assessment Toolkit: a safety culture assessment methodology based on a systems approach to organizational culture, combining a number of assessment methods including questionnaires, focus groups, behavioural observations and situational audits, in order to describe and explore the efficacy of health and safety management systems. The evidence produced by these methods are complementary and provide different views of organizational health and safety culture by tapping many aspects of the organisation's structure, function and behaviour. (76615)
CIS 01-906 Physical, psychosocial, and organisational factors relative to sickness absence: A study based on Sweden Post. Voss M., Floderus B., Diderichsen F., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2001, Vol.58, No.3, p.178-184. 37 ref. (In English) Internet: In a study on sickness absenteeism of Swedish post office workers, 1,557 female and 1,913 male employees were surveyed by postal questionnaire and incidence of sickness was established from company records. Complaints about lifting heavy loads and monotonous movements were associated with an increased risk of sickness among both women and men. For heavy lifting, an odds ratio (OR) of 1.70 was found for both women and men. For monotonous movements, the risk estimates were OR 1.42 and OR 1.45 for women and men, respectively. Working instead of taking sick leave when ill was more prevalent in the group with a high incidence of sickness (OR 1.74 for women, OR 1.60 for men). Overtime work of more than 50 hours a year was linked with low incidence of sickness for women and men. Among women, 16% reported bullying at the workplace, which was linked with a doubled risk of high incidence of sickness (OR 1.91). For men, the strongest association was found for those reporting anxiety about reorganization of the workplace (OR 1.93). (76629)
CIS 01-907 Safety management systems and safety culture in aircraft maintenance organisations. McDonald N., Corrigan S., Daly C., Cromie S., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.151-176. Illus. 23 ref. (In English) Internet: Safety management systems were studied at four aircraft maintenance organizations. Studies included the analysis of documentation, qualitative interviews, surveys of safety climate and attitudes, expected response to incidents and compliance with task procedures. A self-regulatory model was proposed, which was effective in analyzing each organization's safety management system. Findings included a strong, relatively homogeneous professional sub-culture of aircraft technicians spanning the different organizations. Differences in safety attitudes and climate were found between occupational groups, though in the case of climate the differences between occupational groups were a function of the organization, suggesting a differentiated notion of safety culture. (76617)
CIS 01-908 Measuring safety climate: Identifying the common features. Flin R., Mearns K., O'Connor P., Bryden R., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.177-192. 66 ref. (In English) Internet: In UK industry, particularly in the energy sector, there has been a movement away from "lagging" measures of safety based on retrospective data, such as lost time accidents and incidents, towards "leading" or predictive assessments of the safety climate of the organization or worksite. A number of different instruments have been developed by industrial psychologists for this purpose, resulting in a proliferation of scales with distinct developmental histories. Reviewing the methods and results from a sample of industrial surveys, the thematic basis of 18 scales used to assess safety climate is examined. This suggests that the most typically assessed dimensions relate to management (72% of studies), the safety system (67%), and risk (67%). In addition, themes relating to work pressure and competence appear in a third of the studies. (76618)
CIS 01-909 Effects of synthesized voice warning parameters on perceived urgency. Park K.S., Jang P.S., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1999, Vol.5, No.1, p.73-95. Illus. 31 ref. (In English) Internet: The effects of synthesized voice warning parameters on perceived urgency were examined in order to build a detailed and usable description of the relation between the parameters of synthesized voice warnings and perceived urgency. Ten native and 10 non-native English speakers participated in 4 experiments to evaluate and quantify the effects of the voice parameters. The results showed that speech rate, average fundamental frequency (F0 ), voice type simulated (male or female), and the fundamental frequency contour have clear effects on the perceived urgency of synthesized voice warnings. Significant differences in the perceived urgency of average F0 and F0 contour types between native and non-native English speakers were found. Implications of the results for the design and improvement of synthesized voice warnings are discussed. (76717)
CIS 01-910 Man-made disasters: Why technology and organizations (sometimes) fail. Pidgeon N., O'Leary M., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.15-30. 51 ref. (In English) Internet: In seeking the causes of recent large-scale accidents, it is necessary to consider the interaction between technology and organizational failings. Such so-called "organizational accidents" stem from an incubation of latent errors and events which are at odds with the culturally taken for granted, accompanied by a collective failure of organizational intelligence. Theoretical models have also evolved from purely post hoc descriptions of accidents and their causes, in the attempt to specify "safe" cultures and "high reliability" organizations. Recent research, however, has shown that while effective learning about hazards is a common assumption of such attempts, organizations can be very resistant to learning the full lessons from past incidents and mistakes. Common barriers to learning from disasters are information difficulties, blame and organizational politics. (76611)
CIS 01-911 Cultural influences on risks and risk management: Six case studies. van Vuuren W., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.31-45. Illus. 18 ref. (In English) Internet: Both the content and causes of a poor safety culture have been the focus of numerous research projects, but also its consequences on an organization's safety performance and the way organizations should be "designed" to facilitate a "good" safety culture. This article focuses on its consequences from two different but inter-related angles: cultural influences on incident causation, and the cultural influences on risk management, and specifically with respect to incident reporting and analysis. Both angles are supported by empirical incident data collected in the Dutch steel industry and the medical profession. To collect this data, a risk management approach called PRISMA (Prevention and Recovery Information System for Monitoring and Analysis) was used. Cultural differences between the various domains investigated are discussed. (76612)
CIS 01-912 Safety climate, attitudes and risk perception in Norsk Hydro. Rundmo T., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.47-59. Illus. 28 ref. (In English) Internet: Safety climate, employee attitudes, risk perception and behaviour among employees at 13 plants within the Norwegian industrial company Norsk Hydro were evaluated by questionnaire. Two paradigms were tested: the "rationalistic" approach, which assumes that the affective component of risk perception is influenced by cognitive judgements, and the "mental imagery" approach, where emotion is seen as the driving force affecting cognition of risk and safety. A total of 731 respondents replied to the questionnaire. Findings showed that the mental imagery approach was better fitted to the data than a rationalistic approach. Safety climate and employee attitudes towards safety and accident prevention contributed significantly to employee occupational risk behaviour. Worry and the extent to which the employee felt safe or unsafe was the most important predictor for the cognitive judgement of risk. Acceptability of rule violations seemed to be the most important predictor of behaviour. (76613)
CIS 01-913 The impact of organizational climate on safety climate and individual behavior. Neal A., Griffin M.A., Hart P.M., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.99-109. Illus. 30 ref. (In English) Internet: Relatively little previous research has investigated the mechanisms by which safety climate affects safety behaviour. This study examined the effects of general organizational climate on safety climate and safety performance. As expected, general organizational climate exerted a significant impact on safety climate, and safety climate in turn was related to self-reports of compliance with safety regulations and procedures as well as participation in safety-related activities within the workplace. The effect of general organizational climate on safety performance was mediated by safety climate, while the effect of safety climate on safety performance was partially mediated by safety knowledge and motivation. (76614)
CIS 01-914 Diagnosis of safety culture in safety management audits. Grote G., Künzler C., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.131-150. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: An understanding of safety culture as consisting of deeply-rooted assumptions about the interplay of people, technology, and organization in their relation to safety, based on the socio-technical systems approach, is presented. As a complement to audit methods aimed at assessing formal safety management, a questionnaire was developed which allows some indications of these assumptions to be captured by providing data on perceptions regarding operational safety, safety and design strategies, and personal job needs. Analyzing response patterns of different occupational, hierarchical, and organizational groups within a company in combination with formal audit results and the communicative validation of both in a feedback meeting can help the auditors as well as the employees of the company to gain a deeper understanding of safety management and safety culture in that company. Results from seven audits in petrochemical plants are presented and discussed. (76616)
CIS 01-915 Perspectives on safety culture. Glendon A.I., Stanton N.A., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.193-214. Illus. 67 ref. (In English) Internet: Overviewing selected elements from the literature, this paper locates the notion of safety culture within its parent concept of organizational culture. A distinction is drawn between functionalist and interpretive perspectives on organizational culture. The terms "culture" and "climate" are clarified as they are typically applied to organizations and to safety. A contrast is drawn between strategic top-down and data-driven bottom-up approaches to human factors as an illustrative aspect of safety. Key issues for future study include valid measurement of safety culture and developing methods to adequately represent mechanisms through which safety culture might influence, and be influenced by, other safety factors. (76619)
CIS 01-916 The nature of safety culture: A review of theory and research. Guldenmund F.W., Safety Science, Feb.-Apr. 2000, Vol.34, No.1-3, p.215-257. Illus. 68 ref. (In English) Internet: Literature on safety culture and safety climate are reviewed. Safety culture and climate are differentiated according to a general framework based on work by Schein on organizational culture. This framework distinguishes three levels at which organizational culture can be studied: basis assumptions, espoused values and artifacts. At the level of espoused values one finds attitudes, which are equated with safety climate. The basic assumptions, however, form the core of the culture. These basic assumptions do not have to be specifically about safety, although it is considered a good sign if they are. It is concluded that safety climate might be considered an alternative safety performance indicator and that research should focus on its scientific validity. More important, however, is the assessment of an organization's basic assumptions, since these are assumed to be explanatory to its attitudes. (76620)
CIS 01-917 Improving safety on construction sites by changing personnel behaviour - Phase two. Robertson I.T., Duff A.R., Marsh T.W., Phillips R.A., Weyman A.K., Cooper M.D., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 1999. xvi, 127p. Illus. 61 ref. Price: GBP 37.50., ISBN 0-7176-2467-6 (In English) Internet: The research described in this report is the second phase of a 5-year programme on improving safety behaviour on construction sites. In phase I, the programme was developed and tested on 6 construction sites. In phase II, the responsibility of the programme was transferred to the company personnel of 36 construction sites. Contractors implemented the techniques, which concerned four categories of safety performance: access to heights, site housekeeping, scaffolding and use of personal protective equipment. A statistically-significant increase in average safety performance (safety score improved from 82.5% to 86.5%) was observed. The maximum reduction of unsafe behaviour was 28% for scaffolding. The improvement in safety performance varied among the construction sites (with a maximum 13.8%, representing a 60% reduction in unsafe behaviour); this is explained by the variation in management commitment. (76730)
CIS 01-918 Mental health and work: Impact, issues and good practices. Harnois G., Gabriel P., International Labour Office (ILO), World Health Organization (WHO), 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. vii, 66p. Illus. 113 ref. (In English) Internet: Five of the ten leading causes of disability are mental problems. These disorders, together with anxiety, depression and stress, have a significant impact on the working population and may develop into long-term disorders with accompanying forms of disability. This publication examines the importance of mental health in the workplace in general, and suggests appropriate management approaches for workers with mental health problems. It also takes a practical look at strategies to promote and sustain good mental health while highlighting examples of good practice for the rehabilitation of persons with mental problems. (76672)
CIS 01-919 Guidance on work-related stress: "Spice of life - or kiss of death?". (French: Manuel d'orientation sur le stress lié au travail - "Piment de la vie... ou coup fatal?"; Spanish: Manual de orientación sobre el estrés asociado al trabajo) European Commission, Directorate-General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs, Directorate F, Unit D.6, Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1999. x, 105p. 155 ref. Index. (In English, French, Spanish) Internet: This guidance provides general information on the causes, manifestations and consequences of work-related stress, both for workers and employers. It also offers general advice on how work-related stress problems and their causes can be identified and proposes a practical and flexible framework for actions that social partners can adapt to suit their own situation, both at national level and in individual companies. The focus is on primary prevention of work-related stress and ill-health, rather than on treatment. (76680)
CIS 01-920 Effects of monotony and work-time schedules on operator vigilance and performance. (French: Effets de la monotonie et de l'organisation des horaires de travail sur la vigilance et la performance des opérateurs) Coblentz A.M., Cabon P., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 4th Quarter 1994, No.105, 8p. Illus. 30 ref. (In French) Internet: There are ever higher demands for operator vigilance as a result of increasing automation in industrial and transportation systems. The monotony of tasks, night work and irregular working hours give rise to unfavourable conditions with respect to the ability to maintain high levels of vigilance. This articles discusses these issues and proposes solutions applicable to the road and air transport sectors. Topics covered: state of hypovigilance during driving; detecting the lowering of vigilance under real working conditions; vigilance, performance and circadian rhythms; rest periods. Proposals are made for improving the organisation of work-rest cycles, applicable both to rail and air transportation. (76782)
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