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ILO-CIS Bulletin 2001/02CIS 01-301 --- CIS 01-600Laws, regulations, directivesCIS 01-301 Law No.100/97 - Approves the new legal framework for occupational accidents and diseases [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Lei n°100/97 de 13 de Setembro - Aprova o novo regime jurídico dos acidentes de trabalho e das doenças profissionais) Diário da República, 13 Sep. 1997, No.212, Serie I-A, p.4910-4917. (In Portuguese) Internet: This Law introduces the new legal framework for the compensation of occupational accidents and diseases in Portugal. The Law covers all workers employed by others (whether paid or not), including foreign workers and citizens and residents of Portugal employed by Portuguese enterprises abroad. Self-employed workers are obliged to take out insurance offering the same benefits as provided by this Law. Contents: definition of occupational acccidents (defined to include commuting accidents and those suffered during training authorized by the employer); exclusions (if the accident is provoked on purpose by or through gross negligence of the victim, or if it is due to an Act of God); benefits accruing to victims of occupational accidents and their families; special provisions in case of occupational diseases; complementary and special provisions. Law No.2127 of 3 Aug. 1965 on the same subject is revoked. (76564)
CIS 01-302 Act No.1247 on a General Working Environment Fee [Denmark]. (Danish: Lov om en generel arbejdsmiljøafgift) Lovtidende A, 21 Dec. 2000, Vol.183, p.8787-8789. (In Danish) Internet: This Law introduces a system of working environment fees, payable by the employer and based on workmen's compensation payments, with the objective of encouraging employers to ensure safe and healthy conditions in the workplace. Entry into force: 1 Jan. 2001 (76576)
CIS 01-303 Exposure limits at the workplace 1999 [Switzerland]. (French: Valeurs limites d'exposition aux postes de travail 1999 [Suisse]) Suva, Division Médecine du travail, Case postale, 6002 Lucerne, Switzerland, 1999. 154p. Illus. (In French) Internet: Loose-leaf compendium listing average exposure limits (VME) and maximum exposure limits (VLE) for harmful substances, tolerable biological exposure values (VBT) and exposure limits for physical hazards (radiation and noise) according to Swiss legislation. A new chapter addresses health risk assessment for substances without published VMEs. Important modifications have been made to chapters concerning airborne substances, isocyanates, inert dusts and electromagnetic fields. The exposure limit values are for the most part taken from German publications. The list includes the VMEs and VLEs of approximately 1000 chemical substances, VBTs for 41 commonly-used substances and permissible levels for physical agents such as UV radiation, electromagnetic radiation and noise. Previous (1992) edition analysed: CIS 92-1070. (76427)
CIS 01-304 Decree-Law 347/93 - Introduces into national law Council Directive 89/654/EEC, of 30 Nov., concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the workplace [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto-Lei 347/93 - Transpõe para a ordem jurídica interna a Directiva 89/654/CEE, do Conselho, de 30 de Novembro, relativa às prescrições mínimas de segurança e de saúde nos locais de trabalho) Diário da República, 1 Oct. 1993, No.231, Serie I-A, p.5552. (In Portuguese) Internet: This Decree-Law introduces into Portuguese legislation the provisions of Directive 89/654/EEC (CIS 90-356) and it implements Decree-Law 441/91 (CIS 92-708) of 14 Nov. 1991 concerning the framework for safety and health in the workplace. It defines its scope (are excluded temporary and mobile construction sites, mines and quarries, fishing boats, workplaces inside transportation modes, and agricultural and forestry terrains outside constructed workplaces). The Instituto do Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho will have the responsibility of implementing the provisions of this Decree-Law. Penalties for disregarding the Law are specified. (76566)
CIS 01-305 Decree-Law 142/99 - Establishes the Occupational Accident Fund according to the provisions of Article 19 of Law No.100/97 of 13 Sep. [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto-Lei 142/99 - Cria o Fundo de Acidentes de Trabalho previsto no artigo 39 da Lei n°100/97, de 13 de Setembro) Diário da República, 30 Apr. 1999, No.101, p.2320-2322. (In Portuguese) Internet: This Decree-Law implements certain provisions of Law No.100/97 (see CIS 01-301). It describes the role and activities of the newly created Occupational Accident Fund (Fundo de Acidentes de Trabalho (FAT)). (76567)
CIS 01-306 Council Decision of 22 June 1998 on the conclusion of an Agreement on Mutual Recognition between the European Community and the United States of America [European Communities]. (French: Décision du Conseil du 22 juin 1998 relative à la conclusion d'un accord de reconnaissance mutuelle entre la Communauté européenne et les Etats-Unis d'Amérique [Communautés européennes]) Journal officiel des Communautés européennes - Official Journal of the European Communities, 4 Feb. 1999, Vol.42, No.L 31, p.1-81. (In English, French) Internet: This Decision (entry into force: 1 Dec. 1998) establishes the procedures for mutual recognition of compliance tests by the competent national and/or community authorities within the European Union and the United States for the following categories: telecommunications equipment; electromagnetic compatibility; electrical safety; recreational craft; pharmaceutical good manufacturing practices; medical devices. (76568)
CIS 01-307 Decree No.97-212 of 10 Mar. 1997 concerning the organization of the National Agency for the Improvement of Working Conditions, and modifying the Labour Code (2nd Part: Decrees of the Council of State) [France]. (French: Décret n°97-212 du 10 mars 1997 relatif à l'organisation de l'Agence nationale pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail et modifiant le code du travail (deuxième partie: Décrets en Conseil d'Etat) [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 12 Mar. 1997, No.60, p.3832-3833. (In French) Internet: This Decree authorizes the National Agency for the Improvement of Working Conditions (Agence nationale pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail) to establish special agreements with certain associations in order to further its goals. (76582)
CIS 01-308 Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, Kabol City, No.226 dated 10.11.87 on regulations concerning distribution of work clothes and protective equipment [Afghanistan]. Photocopy, 5p and also in: Official Gazette, 21 Dec. 1987, No.655. (In English) Internet: Translation of the Decree (entry into force: 21 Dec. 1987) implementing Articles 117 and 118 of the Labour Code which concern the supply of protective equipment and clothing to workers. It establishes the types and characteristics of such equipment and clothing, the circumstances under which they are to be used and the relevant obligations of employers. (76585)
CIS 01-309 Inter-Ministerial Order of 9 June 1997, establishing the list of jobs in which workers are heavily exposed to occupational risks [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 9 juin 1997 fixant la liste des travaux où les travailleurs sont fortement exposés aux risques professionnels [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 12 Nov. 1997, No.75, p.30-32. (In French) Internet: This Order establishes a list of jobs that require a notification of various authorities and regular medical supervision due to the dangerousness of the work involved. (76586)
CIS 01-310 Occupational safety and health - Annotated legislation [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Segurança e saúde no trabalho - Legislação anotada) Cabral F.A., Roxo M.M., Livraria Almedina, Arco de Almedina 15, 3004-509 Coimbra, Portugal, 2000. 728p. Index., ISBN 972-40-1311-1 (In Portuguese) Internet: Main regulatory texts in Portugal on occupational safety and health with comments: framework of occupational safety and health; work organization; protection of particular groups (child work; women at work, expectant and nursing mothers); physical hazards (noise, ionizing radiation); chemical hazards (asbestos, carcinogens, lead, vinyl chloride); biological hazards; occupational accidents; major accidents; regulations for industrial and commercial activities; compensation of occupational accidents and diseases; recognized occupational diseases. (76519)
CIS 01-311 Decree-Law No.248/99 - Proceeds to the global reformulation and improvement of legislation concerning occupational diseases in line with the new legal framework introduced by Law No.100/97 of 13 Sep., and in the development of the framework adopted by Law No.28/84, of 14 Aug. [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto-Lei n°248/99 - Procede à reformulação e aperfeiçoamento global da regulamentação das doenças profissionais em conformidade com o novo regime jurídico aprovado pela Lei n°100/97, de 13 de Setembro, e no desenvolvimento do regime provisto na Lei n°28/84, de 14 de Agosto) Diário da República, 2 July 1999, No.152/99, p.4164-4178. (In Portuguese) Internet: Decree-Law taken in conformity with Law No.100/97 (see CIS 01-301). It specifies the ways in which occupational diseases are to be compensated. (76565)
CIS 01-312 Maritime Safety Act [Estonia]. (Estonian: Meresäiduohutuse seadus) Estonian Legislation in Translation, Dec. 1998, No.24, p.3-47. (In English, Estonian) Internet: Contents of this Law (entry into force: 1 Jan. 1998): mechanisms for safety at sea; obligations in safety matters of those who design and build ships, and of naval experts, ship-owners, masters and others involved in shipping; maritime incidents (definition, obligations of masters, reports, investigations); notification of dangers to shipping; obligation of the master to provide rescue; maritime inspection services. (76570)
CIS 01-313 Regulations implementing the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, as amended: Final Rule [USA]. Department of Labor - Employment Standards Administration, Federal Register, 20 Dec. 2000, Vol.65, No.245, p.79920-80107. (In English) Internet: These regulations implement the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 (see CIS 91-14) and the Black Lung Benefits Act to provide simplified, less formal and less adversarial administrative procedures for the adjudication of claims pending before the Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP). (76587)
CIS 01-314 Legislative Decree No.66 of 25 Feb. 2000 - Implementation of Directives 97/42/EC and 1999/38/EC, which modify Dir. 90/394/EEC, dealing with the protection of workers against the hazards of exposure to carcinogenic or mutagenic agents at work [Italy]. (Italian: Decreto Legislativo del Governo no.66 del 25/02/2000 - Attuazione delle direttive 97/42/CE e 1999/38/CE, che modificano la dir. 90/394/CEE, in materia di protezione dei lavoratori contro i rischi derivanti da esposizione ad agenti cancerogeni o mutageni durante il lavoro) Gazzetta ufficiale, No.70, 24 Mar. 2000, 5p. (In Italian) Internet: This Decree modifies Legislative Decree No.626 of 19 Sep. 1994 (see CIS 96-1531) concerning the improvement of workers' safety and health at the workplace, by adding Directives 97/42/EC (see CIS 99-17) and 1999/38/EC (see CIS 00-1516) to the list of EU Directives dealing with OSH to be implemented in Italy. The Decree introduces provisions related to the protection of workers against exposure to carcinogenic and mutagenic agents. Contents: definitions; exposure registers and health files; tumour monitoring; additional substances, preparations and processes considered to be carcinogenic or mutagenic; new exposure limits (benzene - 3.25mg/m3 = 1ppm; vinyl chloride monomer - 7.77mg/m3 = 3ppm; wood dust - 5mg/m3). Decree No.962 of the President of the Republic (10 Sep. 1982) is revoked. (76509)
CIS 01-315 Decree No.98-588 of 9 July 1998 completing and modifying the General Regulations Concerning Extractive Industries, introduced by Decree No.80-331 of 7 May 1980, as modified [France]. (French: Décret n°98-588 du 9 juil. 1998 complétant et modifiant le Règlement général des industries extractives institué par le Décret n°80-331 du 7 mai 1980 modifié [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 11 July 1998, No.159, p.10701-10706. (In French) Internet: This Decree adds to the 1998 Decree on extractive industries measures concerning protective measures, including medical surveillance, against the dangers of exposure to asbestos. (76561)
CIS 01-316 Commission Regulation (EC) No.451/2000 of 28 February 2000 laying down the detailed rules for the implementation of the second and third stages of the work programme referred to in article 8(2) of Council Directive 91/414/EEC [European Communities]. (French: Règlement n°451/2000 de la Commission du 28 fév. 2000 établissant les modalités de mise en œuvre des deuxième et troisième phases du programme de travail visé à l'article 8, paragraphe 2, de la Directive 91/414/CEE du Conseil [Communautés européennes]) Journal officiel des Communautés européennes - Official Journal of the European Communities, 29 Feb. 2000, Vol.43, No.L 55, p.25-52. (In English, French) Internet: This Commission Regulation concerns the procedures for the evaluation of active substances. It requires the establishment of a system of notification of the Commission for the inclusion of active substances in Annex 1 of Council Directive 91/414/eec (see CIS 95-1942). (76571)
CIS 01-317 Order No.732-A/96 - Approves the Regulations for the notification of chemical substances and for the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Portaria n°732-A/96 - Aprova o Regulamento para a notificação de substâncias químicas e para a classificação, embalagem e rotulagem de substâncias perigosas) Diário da República, 11 Dec. 1996, Serie I-B, Supplement, No.286/96, p.1-693. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This regulation was issued in conformity with Portuguese Decree-Law of 22 Apr. 1995 (see CIS 96-1934) transposing into internal legislation European Community Directives concerning the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (principally, Directive 67/548/EEC (CIS 92-23)). Contents: definitions; hazard classification; evaluation of the physical, chemical, toxic and ecotoxic properties of substances; hazard determination; notification of new susbtances; packaging and labelling requrements; evaluation of hazards of notified substances. In annex: list of dangerous chemical substances (with their names in the 9 official languages of the EU), and corresponding danger symbols and indications; explanation of danger symbols, R and S phrases; methods for the determination of physical, chemical, toxic and ecotoxic hazards; general criteria for classification and labelling; information to include in basic documentation; special measures for safety covers for substances likely to be accessible by children; general requirements for MSDSs; hazard evaluation of notified substances. (76589)
CIS 01-318 Restricted Pesticides (Certified User) Regulations, 1996 [Belize]. Government Printery, Laws, Statutes (Belize), 1996, No.112, p.1-9. (In English) Internet: These Regulations, issued under the authority of thePesticides Control Act, define the procedures for the certification of authorized users of pesticides. Effective date: 15 Aug. 1996. (76590)
CIS 01-319 Explosives Substances Act 1997 [Estonia]. (Estonian: Lähkematerjaliseadus) Estonian Legislation in Translation, Apr. 1999, No.7, p.3-69. (In English, Estonian) Internet: Contents of this law (entry into force: 1 Jan. 1998): scope (handling of and trade in explosive substances for civilian purposes); international classification of explosive substances; permission to use explosives for civilian purposes; the Estonian Register of Explosive Substances; special provisions relating to plastic explosives; particular aspects of work with explosive substances (manufacture; trade; storage and recording; requirements for persons responsible for handling and trade; use; carriage; duties of persons and agencies engaged in handling and trade); state supervision and liability. (76569)
CIS 01-320 Inter-Ministerial Order of 5 Nov. 1989 concerning the supervision of the loading and unloading of dangerous merchandise [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 5 nov. 1989 relatif à la procédure de contrôle des opérations de chargement et de déchargement de marchandises dangereuses [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 31 Jan. 1990, No.05, p.192-193. (In French) Internet: This Order defines the responsibilities of the Master of a ship and of the operator of port installations for the safe loading and unloading of dangerous merchandise. (76577)
CIS 01-321 Commission Decision of 8 February 2000 implementing Council Directive 89/106/EEC as regards the classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products [European Communities]. (French: Décision de la Commission du 8 fév. 2000 portant modalités d'application de la Directive 89/106/CEE du Conseil en ce qui concerne la classification des caractéristiques de réaction au feu des produits de construction [Communautés européennes]) Journal officiel des Communautés européennes - Official Journal of the European Communities, 23 Feb. 2000, Vol.43, No.L 50, p.14-18. (In English, French) Internet: Decision of the EU Commission concerning the implementation of Council Directive 89/106/EEC (see CIS 93-3). In annex: classification of construction products according to their fire performance as tested according to certain criteria. (76581)
CIS 01-322 Inter-Ministerial Order of 10 Aug. 1993 establishing the conditions for isolating enterprises where explosives are produced or stored [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 10 août 1993 portant conditions d'isolement des établissements de production ou de conservation des substances explosives [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 8 May 1994, No.28, p.3-11. Illus. (In French) Internet: This Order establishes the safety measures to be implemented in workplaces where explosives are produced or stored. In annex: list of danger symbols used; table of safe distances. (76588)
CIS 01-323 Radiation Act [Estonia]. (Estonian: Kiirgusseadus) Estonian Legislation in Translation, 1999, No.6, p.7-35. (In English, Estonian) Internet: This Law contains provisions for the protection of persons and the environemnt in all situations where there may be exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation (including intensive visible light), and to radioactive substances. Basic radiation protective standards are specified. A Radiation Centre is created, with the purpose of applying all government functions relating to radiation protection. The conditions for issuing radiation protection licences are detailed. Provisions are made for the treatment and disposal of radioactive waste. (76563)
CIS 01-324 Order of 21 July 1998 modifying the Order of 27 June 1991 establishing the list of activities which may not be carried out by workers under fixed-term contracts or by workers from temporary-employment agencies, as amended [France]. (French: Arrêté du 21 juillet 1998 modifiant l'arrêté du 27 juin 1991 modifié fixant la liste des travaux pour lesquels il ne peut être fait appel aux salariés sous contrat de travail à durée déterminée ou aux salariés des entreprises de travail temporaire [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 4 Aug. 1998, No.178, p.11933. (In French) Internet: This Order modifies that of 27 June 1991 concerning agricultural workers under fixed-term contracts and those working for temporary-employment agencies (see CIS 99-1059). It prohibits the employment of such workers in situation where they may be exposed to ionizing radiation >2mSv. (76562)
CIS 01-325 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des pelles hydrauliques, des pelles à câbles, des bouteurs, des chargeuses et des chargeuses-pelleteuses [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8976-8983. Illus. (In French) Internet: This Order implements in France the provisions of Directive 86/662/EEC (see CIS 90-382), as modified by 89/514/EEC (CIS 91-26) and 95/27/EC (CIS 95-1570). It sets the noise emission limits for each kind of earthmoving machinery listed. In annex: methods for the measurement of acoustic power, in line with the obtaining of EEC certification. (76572)
CIS 01-326 Order of 12 May 1997 concerning the limitation of noise emitted by powered hand-held picks and concrete breakers [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 mai 1997 relatif à la limitation des émissions sonores des marteaux piqueurs et des brise-béton [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 3 June 1997, No.127, p.8968-8976. Illus. (In French) Internet: This Order implements in France the provisions of Directive 84/537/EEC (see CIS 95-1199), as modified by 85/409/EEC. It sets the noise emission limits for powered hand-held picks and concrete breakers and establishes the noise measuring methods in line with the obtaining of EEC certification. In annex: Technical data sheet for this kind of machinery; form for testing reports and for requesting EEC type certificates. (76573)
CIS 01-327 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3957/93, establishing provisions concerning the use of personal dosimeters and the medical supervision of workers exposed to ionizing radiation [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3957/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant les dispositions concernant l'utilisation des dosimètres individuels et la surveillance médicale des travailleurs exposés aux rayonnements ionisants [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2172-2175. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Order establishes the different kinds of dosimetry that must be applied to category A workers. It also contains provisions concerning the medical supervision of these workers. (76574)
CIS 01-328 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3960/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 concerning the conditions for the possession and operation of equipment that emits ionizing radiation or uses radioactive substances for industrial purposes [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3960/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant les modalités de détention et d'utilisation des appareils émettant des rayonnements ionisants et des substances radioactives à des fins industrielles [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2180-2182. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Order concerns the conditions for the possession and operation of equipment that emits ionizing radiation or uses radioactive substances for industrial purposes (76575)
CIS 01-329 Inter-Ministerial Order of 10 Feb 1988 concerning the delimitation and signalling of controlled and prohibited zones [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 10 février 1988 fixant la délimitation et la signalisation particulière des zones réglementées et interdites [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 31 Aug.1988, No.35, p.940-943. (In French) Internet: This Order concerns the delimitation of controlled and prohibited zones in the workplace where radioactive substances or ionizing radiation are present, as well as with the positioning of danger signs and labels. (76578)
CIS 01-330 Inter-Ministerial Order of 10 Feb. 1988 specifying the conditions for the operation of personal dosimeters used for the determination of equivalent doses received by workers exposed to external radiation [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 10 fév. 1988 précisant les conditions d'utilisation des dosimètres individuels destinés au contrôle des équivalents de dose reçus par les travailleurs soumis au risque d'exposition externe [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 31 Aug.1988, No.35, p.938-940. (In French) Internet: This Order specifies certain protection measures for workers exposed to external ionizing radiation. (76579)
CIS 01-331 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3959/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 establishing the rule for holding and using radioactive substances and of equipment emitting ionizing radiation for medical purposes [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3959/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant les modalités de détention et d'utilisation des substances radioactives et des appareils émettant des rayonnements ionisants à des fins médicales [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2177-2180. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: Order concerning safety and health measures designed to protect medical personnel who use radioactive substances or equipment emitting ionizing radiation in the course of their work. A list of professions whose members may be authorized to use such materials and equipment is included. (76583)
CIS 01-332 Inter-Ministerial Order No.3955/93 of 6 Aug. 1993 establishing a classification of workers and annual dose limits for exposure to ionizing radiation [Madagascar]. (French: Arrêté interministériel n°3955/93 du 6 août 1993 fixant la classification des travailleurs et les limites de dose annuelle d'exposition aux rayonnements ionisants [Madagascar]) Journal officiel de la République de Madagascar, 27 Sep. 1993, No.2207, p.2162-2172. (In French, Malagasy) Internet: This Order establishes the dose limits of exposure to ionizing radiation depending on the job classification of the worker concerned. Protective measures are specified, particularly for women. Safety measures are proposed for sealed and non-sealed radioactive sources. (76584)
CIS 01-333 Manual handling [Sweden]. (Swedish: Manuell hantering) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 2000. 9p., ISBN 91-7930-355-2 (In Swedish) Internet: Guidance to safety in manual handling, in accordance with Directive 90/269/EEC (see CIS 90-1101). (76361)
CIS 01-334 Official Mexican Standard: Lighting conditions in the workplace [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana: Condiciones de iluminación en los centros de trabajo [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 23 Dec. 1999, No.17, p.47-56. 13 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This Official Standard establishes the minimum lighting conditions in the workplace, thus contributing to the maintenance of safe and healthy working conditions. Lighting levels are to be based on the nature of the work task. Methods for calculating minimum lighting levels, and for the measurement of lighting levels and reflexion factors are provided. (76580)
Chemical data sheets and criteria documentsCIS 01-335 The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals - 121. Refractory ceramic fibres. Skaug V., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1996. vi, 40p. Illus. 120 ref., ISBN 91-7045-405-1 (In English) Internet: Refractory ceramic fibres (RCF) are highly temperature-resistant materials. This document covers the most important group of RCFs, alumino-silicates. Airborne fibres generally have dimensions in the respirable range. Animal assays have shown carcinogenic and fibrogenic effects. However, extrapolation to humans is somewhat difficult due to the high concentrations used in animal experiments compared to levels measured in the air of the work environment. Human data on carcinogenic effects are currently unavailable. Limited data suggest that RCFs may be associated with pleural plaques. One can assume that these fibres pose a risk to highly exposed workers. (76397)
CIS 01-336 The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals - 120. Flour dust. Tikkainen U., Louhelainen U., Nordman H., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1996. vi, 51p. Illus. 152 ref., ISBN 91-7045-402-7 (In English) Internet: High exposure levels to flour are common and short duration peak exposures at peak concentrations are frequent in bakeries. Flour dusts induce respiratory tract and eyes symptoms, allergic rhinitis and asthma. Specific sensitization is more frequent than allergic disease. The prevalence of symptoms, allergic rhinitis and asthma are high at the currently used limits (3-15mg/m3). Preventive measures have also to take into account other agents, including enzymes and spices, which may cause similar effects as flours. (76398)
CIS 01-337 Hydrogen fluoride and aqueous solutions. (French: Fluorure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 6p. Illus. 31 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1806. Acute toxicity: severe skin and eye burns; caustic digestive ulcerations. Chronic toxicity: skin and eye irritation; hypermineralization (skeletal fluorosis). Exposure limits (France): ceiling value = 3ppm (2.5mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.009-002-00-6 (anhydrous hydrogen fluoride), No.009-0033-00-1 (aqueous solutions); T+, C, R26/27/28, R35, S7/9, S36/37, S45, 231-634-8. (76291)
CIS 01-338 Formaldehyde and aqueous solutions. (French: Aldéhyde formique et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 6p. Illus. 39 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1457. Acute toxicity: irritation of the skin and eyes; digestive perforation and haemorrhage; respiratory distress. Chronic toxicity: carcinogen; nasal epithelium lesions; respiratory diseases; allergic skin and respiratory diseases; sensitization. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 0.5ppm (0.61mg/m3); ceiling value = 1ppm (0.05mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.605-001-00-5; T, R23/24/25, R40, R43, S26, S36/37/39, S45, S51, 200-001-8. (76292)
CIS 01-339 Tetrachloromethane. (French: Tétrachlorométhane) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 19 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1820. Acute toxicity: effects on central nervous system; liver damage; pulmonary oedema. Chronic toxicity: carcinogen (liver cancer, nasal cancer, respiratory tract cancer, leukaemia). Exposure limits (France): TWA = 10ppm (60mg/m3); ceiling value = 2ppm (12mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.602-008-00-5; T, N, R23/24/25, R40, R52/53, S23, S36/37, S45, S59, S61, 200-262-8. (76293)
CIS 01-340 Nitric acid. (French: Acide nitrique) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 25 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1812. Acute toxicity: irritation of ocular and respiratory mucous membranes, which can give rise to lesions; pulmonary oedema; oesophageal perforation. Chronic toxicity: dental erosion. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 2ppm (5mg/m3); ceiling value = 4ppm (10mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.007-004-00-1 (nitric acid solution), No.007-005-00-7 (conc. sulfuric-nitric mixture); C, O, R8, R35, S23, S36, S45, 231-714-2. (76294)
CIS 01-341 Diethyl ether. (French: Oxyde de diéthyle) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., 1999. 5p. Illus. 28 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1795. Acute toxicity: irritation of the respiratory tract; inhalation anaesthetic. Chronic toxicity: digestive disorders; headache; polypnoea; dryness of the skin. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 400ppm (1200mg/m3); ceiling value = 500ppm (1500mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.603-022-00-4; Xn, F+, R12, R19, R22, R66, R67, S9, S16, S29, S33, 200-467-2. (76295)
CIS 01-342 Pentachlorophenol and sodium salt. (French: Pentachlorophénol et sel de sodium) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 5p. Illus. 36 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1813. Acute toxicity: irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and respiratory tract; liver, heart, kidney and spleen damage. Chronic toxicity: chloracne; haematological changes. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 0.5mg/m3. EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.604-002-00-8 (pentachlorophenol), No.604-003-00-3 (sodium pentachlorophenolate); T+, N, R24/25, R26, R36/37/38, R40, R50/53, S22, S36/37, S45, S52, S60, S61, 201-778-6. (76296)
CIS 01-343 Carbon disulfide. (French: Disulfure de carbone) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 6p. Illus. 27 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 95-853. Acute toxicity: disorders of the central nervous system; narcosis; respiratory failure. Chronic toxicity: neurological effects; retinopathy; hypoacusia; blood pressure disorders; cardiotoxic effects; respiratory diseases; digestive disorders; liver damage; menstrual disorders; spermatogenic disturbances; parodontopathy. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 10ppm (30mg/m3); ceiling value = 25ppm (75mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.006-003-00-3; T, F, R11, R36/38, R62, R63, S16, S33, S36/37, S45, 200-843-6. (76297)
CIS 01-344 Hydrogen chloride and aqueous solutions. (French: Chlorure d'hydrogène et solutions aqueuses) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 24 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1804. Acute toxicity: irritation of eye and respiratory mucous membranes; caustic skin and eye lesions; metabolic acidosis. Chronic toxicity: dermatosis; gingivostomatitis and dental erosion; nasal ulcer leading to chronic bronchitis. Exposure limits: TWA = 5ppm (EC); ceiling value = 10ppm (EC); 5ppm (7.5mg/m3) (France). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.017-002-00-2 (anhydrous hydrogen chloride), No.017-002-01-X (aqueous solutions); C, R34, R37, S26, S45, 231-595-7. (76298)
CIS 01-345 2-Butanone. (French: 2-Butanone) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 16 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1785. Toxicity: irritation of the throat, eyes and nose; digestive disorders; headache; dermatosis; potentiation of effects of other solvents in case of simultaneous exposures. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 200ppm (600mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.606-002-00-3; F, Xi, R11, R36/37, S9, S16, S25, S33, 201-159-0. (76299)
CIS 01-346 Phenol. (French: Phénol) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Rev.ed., CD-ROM, 2000. 4p. Illus. 17 ref. (In French) Internet: Chemical safety information sheet. Update of data sheet already summarized in CIS 88-1815. Acute toxicity: neurotoxic effects and respiratory impairment induced by skin absorption; skin diseases. Chronic toxicity: digestive disorders; erythema or eczema; liver and kidney damage. Exposure limits (France): TWA = 5ppm (19mg/m3). EEC number and mandatory labelling codes: No.604-001-00-2; T, R24/25, R34, S28, S45, 203-632-7. (76300)
CIS 01-347 Fumonisin B1. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. xix, 150p. Approx. 540 ref. Price: CHF 36.00 (CHF 25.20 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157219-1 (In English) Internet: Conclusions of this criteria document: fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most prevalent toxin among the fumonisins, produced by several Fusarium species (mainly by Fusarium verticilliodes), which are among the most common fungi associated with maize worldwide. Data from animal studies and in vitro tests indicate that FB1 is hepatotoxic in all animal species, nephrotoxic in some species and carcinogenic in mice and rats. It inhibits cell growth and causes accumulation of free sphingoid bases and alteration of lipid metabolism in animal, plants and some yeasts. It induced a dose-dependent increase in chromosomal aberrations at low concentration levels in primary rat hepatocytes. Some studies suggest a link between dietary FB1 exposure and oesophageal cancer in humans. Summaries in French and Spanish. (76391)
CIS 01-348 Disinfectants and disinfectant by-products. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. xxvii, 499p. Illus. Approx. 840 ref. Price: CHF 102.00 (CHF 71.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157216-7 (In English) Internet: The scope of this criteria document includes trihalomethanes (THM), haloacetic acids, haloaldehydes and haloketones, haloacetonitriles, halogenated hydroxyfuranone derivatives, chlorites, chlorates and bromates. Some studies suggest an increase in cancer risk due to disinfectants present in water. There may be a link between an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the consumption of chlorinated water or the exposure to THM. Summaries in French and Spanish. (76392)
CIS 01-349 DECOS and NEG basis for an occupational standard - Platinum. Lindell B., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1997. vi, 65p. 203 ref., ISBN 91-7045-420-5 (In English) Internet: The most significant health risk from exposure to soluble platinum compounds is sensitization of the airways. During production and handling hexachloroplanitic acid and certain complex halogenated salts of platinum, allergic symptoms involving the respiratory tract and the skin have occurred. Smokers seem to be more susceptible to the sensitizing effects of platinum salts. Elicitation of allergic symptoms occur at platinum levels below 2µg/m3. Many platinum salts are mutagenic in vitro, but it is not possible to draw conclusions regarding the genotoxic risk in the work environment. (76393)
CIS 01-350 DECOS and NEG basis for an occupational standard - Isopropyl acetate. Stouten H., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1997. v, 15p. 47 ref., ISBN 91-7045-416-7 (In English) Internet: Isopropyl acetate is a solvent used in paints. Limited human studies show it to be an irritant. Animal studies show it to be of low toxicity. It was negative in most genotoxic test systems but was a weak inducer of aneuploidy. (76394)
CIS 01-351 DECOS and NEG basis for an occupational standard - Glutaraldehyde. Beije B., Lundberg P., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1997. v, 30p. 108 réf., ISBN 91-7045-439-6 (In English) Internet: Glutaraldehyde is used mainly as a fixative in electron microscopy, a disinfectant for instruments and in the chemical industry. Glutaraldehyde is a skin and mucous membrane irritant, a skin allergen and may cause respiratory allergic reactions. Histopathological effects in the nose have been demonstrated in rats and mice. Glutaraldehyde is genotocic in vitro and induces mutations in bacteria and mammalian cells; it also produces sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells. (76395)
CIS 01-352 DECOS and NEG basis for an occupational standard - Tetrachloroethane. Luotamo M., Riihimäki V., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1996. vi, 46p. 122 ref., ISBN 91-7045-403-5 (In English) Internet: Of the two isomers, 1,1,1,2- and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, the latter is most widely used in industry. Exposure to 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane leads to toxic effects. Target organs are the liver, gastrointestinal tract and the nervous system. Tetrachloroethanes are carcinogenic and genotoxic in animals but there is insufficient data on carcinogenic effects in humans. The critical effect is considered to be carcinogenicity for exposed workers. (76396)
CIS 01-353 The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals - 119. Nickel and nickel compounds. Aitio A., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1995. vi, 61p. 259 ref., ISBN 91-7045-362-4 (In English) Internet: Nickel is the most common allergen in patch testing. People sensitized to nickel are at elevated risk of hand eczema. Inhalation of soluble nickel and nickel oxides and sulfides causes nasal and pulmonary cancer whereas metallic nickel dust does not seem to be carcinogenic. (76399)
CIS 01-354 The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals - 118. Cyanoacrylates. Montelius J., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1995. v, 48p. 182 ref., ISBN 91-7045-360-8 (In English) Internet: Cyanoacrylate-based adhesives are widespread in many industrial and domestic as well as medical applications. The most apparent effect of exposure to their vapours is acute irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Cyanoacrylates cause skin sensitization and asthma. They are mutagenic in the Ames test and are suspected to be carcinogenic and to induce peripheral neuropathy. Exposure limits (2ppm = 8-10mg/m3 in most jurisdictions) are based on the irritant effect. (76400)
CIS 01-355 2-Methoxyethyl acetate. (French: Acétate de 2-méthoxyéthyle) Brondeau M.T., Falcy M., Miraval S., Protois J.C., Reynier M., Schneider O., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1999, No.175, 4p. Insert. Illus. 15 ref. (In French) Internet: Toxicological data sheet. 2-Methoxyethyl acetate is a toxic substance. Its effects on humans are not well known but in animals it induces mucosal irritation, depression of the central nervous system, renal tubule damage, malformation of the external genital organs and an increase in spontaneous abortions. In vitro it induces chromosome changes and sister chromatid exchanges. It is recommended not to expose pregnant women. Mean exposure limit value is 5ppm, or 24mg/m3. Replaces CIS 87-837. (76405)
CIS 01-356 Procarbazine hydrochloride - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, 1999. 34p. 17 ref., ISBN 90-5549-300-7 (In English) Internet: Procarbazine hydrochloride is an antineoplastic agent. Additional lifetime cancer risk for procarbazine hydrochloride amounts to 4 x 10-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.002mg/m3, and 4 x 10-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.2mg/m3. Main topics covered: carcinogenicity studies and selection of the study suitable for risk estimation in occupational situations; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals, life-time low-dose exposure; health risk to humans; health risk to workers; calculation of the health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values; existing occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile (leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression). Summary in Dutch. (76531)
CIS 01-357 Vinylbromide - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, 1999. 34p. 16 ref., ISBN 90-5549-301-5 (In English) Internet: . Additional lifetime cancer risks for vinyl bromide amounts to 4 x 10-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.012mg/m3, and 4 x 10-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 1.2mg/m3. Main topics covered: carcinogenicity studies and selection of the study suitable for risk estimation in occupational situations; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals, life-time low-dose exposure; health risk to humans; health risk to workers; calculation of the health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values; existing occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile existing occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile (acute toxicity, repeated-dose toxicity). Summary in Dutch. (76532)
CIS 01-358 Phenylhydrazine. Cary R., Dobson S., Brooke I., International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Marketing and Dissemination, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. iv, 27p. Illus. 97 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153019-7 (In English) Internet: Concise International Chemical Assessment Document on phenylhydrazine, a chemical intermediate used in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and chemical industries. Phenylhydrazine is an irritant for the skin and the eyes and has sensitizing properties. Exposure to phanylhydrazine may cause damage to red blood cells, thus leading to anaemia. Summaries in French and in Spanish. (76533)
Training materials and practical informationCIS 01-359 New ordinance for improved safety in construction work [Switzerland]. (French: Nouvelle ordonnance destinée à l'amélioration de la sécurité des travailleurs dans les travaux de construction [Suisse]; German: Neue Verordnung für mehr Sicherheit auf dem Bau; Italian: Nuova ordinanza per una maggiore sicurezza sui cantieri) Suva, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 2000. 4p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: This brochure presents the main changes introduced in the new Swiss ordinance on construction work which came into effect on 1 July 2000, replacing the Ordinance on the prevention of accidents in the construction industry (CIS 92-1060) and the Ordinance on the prevention of accidents in roofing work and in work performed on roofs (CIS 92-1059). Main topics covered: planning and organization of the work; protection against falls (scaffolding); compulsory wearing of protective helmets; warning signs; safety of electrical sockets for connecting mobile equipment; protection against falls from the edges of roofs (scaffolding, nacelles, rails); protection against falls through roofs (ladders, tear-resistant blankets); specifications concerning scaffolding. (76479)
CIS 01-360 Internal safety inspection in the enterprise. (French: L'inspection de sécurité interne à l'entreprise; German: Die betriebsinterne Sicherheitsinspektion) Wettmann O., Suva, Caisse nationale suisse d'assurance en cas d'accident, Sécurité du travail, Case postale, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1st ed., Jan. 2000. 4p. Illus. (In French, German) Internet: The purpose of this information note aimed at managers is to improve safety by systematic analyses of workplaces and discussions with employees. The main steps include an observation of the work in order to detect safety problems, defining the appropriate measures, controlling the implementation of these measures and promoting safe behaviour. An example of check-list for conducting the safety inspection is included. (76404)
CIS 01-361 When faced with an accident, analyse, react. (French: Face aux accidents: analyser, réagir) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., June 2000. 15p. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0796-2 (In French) Internet: The objective of this cartoon-based booklet aimed at owners of small and medium-sized enterprises is to help them to interpret accidents and incidents as indicators of an unsatisfactory state of affairs and to analyse, take appropriate action and draw the necessary lessons for avoiding their recurrence. Four levels of analysis are proposed: creating an inventory of accidents; listing known causes and identifying corrective measures; use of the causal tree method; developing an action plan with respect to hygiene and safety. (76503)
CIS 01-362 Safety: Vision, voice and sound of workers representative. Malhotra M.K, Central Board for Workers Education (CBWE), Adjacent to VRCE Gate, North Ambazari Road, Nagpur 10, India, 1999. 78p. Illus. Price: INR 3.00. (In English) Internet: Training booklet for workers and supervisors. Main topics covered: principles of accident prevention; regulatory framework; ergonomics and human factors; machine guarding; safety in material handling; illumination in industry; fire prevention and control; noise pollution hazards; prevention and control; personal protective equipment; major accident hazards control in India; safety committees; motivation for safety; supervisors' role in safety of workers; workers' participation in safety; role of trade unions; total safety management; joint responsibility of management and trade unions. (76547)
CIS 01-363 Guide to risk assessment. (French: Guide d'évaluation des risques) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., Dec. 1999. Folder including 12 information sheets. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0801-2 (In French) Internet: In France, the average direct cost of an occupational accident is FRF 15,000. Indirect losses, including lost work time, production losses and equipment repairs can represent a further one to three times this amount. The purpose of this safety guide is to help companies organize their approach to hazard prevention in a simple manner: identify the hazards, select the hazards to be addressed in priority; implement solutions. It consists of information sheets for each of the main occupational hazards, with corresponding tables that need to be filled in. (76452)
CIS 01-364 Training in occupational safety and health. (Spanish: Formación en salud y seguridad en el trabajo) Unión general de trabajadores, Commisión ejecutiva confederal, Hortaleza 88, Madrid 28004, Spain, 2000. CD-ROM running on Windows 95 or more recent (minimum recommended system requirements: Pentium II, 233Mz, 16MB RAM). (In Spanish) Internet: CD-ROM of training material on techniques for improving working conditions. Main topics covered: legal framework for occupational safety and health in Spain; occupational safety; industrial hygiene; ergonomics and psychology; occupational medicine; training and communication techniques; information and negotiation of prevention management. Links to web pages of public institutions and administrations, national and international organizations, workers' and employers' representatives of the European Union enables the constant updating of knowledge in the OSH field. (76459)
CIS 01-365 General catalogue of publications 2000. (Spanish: Catálogo general de publicaciones 2000) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 46p. (In Spanish) Internet: Catalogue of publications available from the Spanish National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (INHST). Classification is by broad subject area: legislation and standardization; technical data sheets and guidance documents; technical publications (technical notes and studies, ILO publications, sampling and analytical methods); training materials (information sheets, data sheets, brochures, posters etc.); audiovisual materials (videotapes, CD-ROMs); computer-based products. (76460)
CIS 01-366 Training of trainers' course on occupational safety and health information systems. ILO-FINNIDA Asian-Pacific Regional Programme on Occupational Safety and Health, c/o ILO ROAP, United Nations Building, 10200 Bangkok, Thailand, July 2000. Binder with approx. 300p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: Manual of a four-day course on occupational safety and health information systems held in Beijing, China, 11-14 July 2000. Contents include: programme and objectives of the training course; occupational safety and health on the Internet; ILO World-Wide-Web resources; information systems and services; OSH statistics; selected reports and articles; Asian-Pacific newsletter on occupational health and safety. (76510)
CIS 01-367 Refresher course in occupational health aimed at general practitioners. (Spanish: Curso de actualización en salud laboral para médicos de atención primaria) Cuenca Álvarez I., García Gómez M., Robledo Muga F., Solé Gómez M.D., Fernández Pereira P., Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, [2000]. Approx. 215p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This refresher course in occupational health is aimed at general practitioners. Its main objectives are to train occupational physicians and enable them to better recognize occupational diseases, advise patients and monitor occupational diseases. The course is made up of modules, each consisting of a theoretical unit followed by practical exercises. Main topics covered: legal framework for the organization of occupational hazards prevention; occupational history of the patient; back pain; contact dermatitis; occupational asthma and extrinsic allergic alveolitis; microtrauma of the upper extremities due to repetitive strain; hearing damage due to noise; overview of specific hazards linked to various occupations. (76560)
CIS 01-368 Safety in forestry - It's possible!: 6 cases of real accidents. Fascicule No.2. (French: La sécurité en forêt - C'est possible!: 6 accidents authentiques. Fascicule n°2) Suva, Case postale, 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland, 3rd ed., May 1999. 15p. Illus. (In French) Internet: This training brochure presents 6 examples of serious accidents having occurred in forestry (loggers injured by the falling of a cut tree, crushed hand, farm worker crushed during tree cutting) and explains, for each of the cases, how it could have been avoided. (76557)
CIS 01-369 Training guide for grinding work. (Dutch: Wegwijzer bij het slijpen; French: Guide de formation au travail de meulage) Piette A., Malchaire J., Huberlant J.M., Federaal Ministerie van Tewerkstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, Dec. 1999. 32p. Illus. 3 ref. (In Dutch, French) Internet: This guide aimed at grinding workers covers the safe use of grinders, mounting of grinding disks and maintenance aspects, as well other less-well known topics such as vibration and associated diseases (white finger syndrome) and work posture. The need for adequate protective equipment (safety spectacles, protective gloves and hearing protectors) is emphasized. (76401)
CIS 01-370 Automotive repair - Safety when working on the tyres of heavy vehicles. (Portuguese: Reparação automóvel - Segurança no trabalho em pneus de veículos pesados) Ribeiro V.R., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, 1999. 53p. Illus. 4 ref., ISBN 972-8321-32-5 (In Portuguese) Internet: Accidents while working on heavy vehicle tyres are not frequent but they can be extremely dangerous. This guide highlights the hazards associated with the main operations and presents the corresponding prevention measures. Personal protective equipment and required signalling are also described. (76436)
CIS 01-371 Gas cutting and welding. (French: Soudage et coupage au chalumeau) Hée G., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., Aug. 1999. 25p. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0785-7 (In French) Internet: The blowpipe is a portable equipment used for cutting and welding of metallic objects. It uses the heat of combustion of a fuel (acetylene or propane) mixed with oxygen in specific proportions. This booklet describes the precautions to be taken during gas cutting and welding. It is primarily aimed at welders and persons responsible for safety in the enterprise, but also at engineering services involved in the selection of processes and equipment. Contents include: description of a welding workplace; gases used; hazards (due to pressure, the combustion of gases, splattering, the flame, radiation and smoke); safe working methods; data sheets (cylinders, pressure regulators, flexible tubing, blowpipes, safety devices, smoke hoods and ventilation). (76502)
CIS 01-372 Maintenance and prevention of occupational hazards in building projects. (French: Maintenance et prévention des risques professionnels dans les projets de bâtiment) Voisin J.C., Moineau J.P., Portier M., Bourges P., Chrisment S., Rasseneur A., Di Guiseppe F., Dubois J.C., Geyer G., Tourtier M., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., Dec. 1999. 59p. Illus. 11 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0784-9 (In French) Internet: The objective of this brochure aimed at building owners, building contractors, safety coordinators and construction firm is to encourage the adoption of maintenance considerations during the design phase of a project. It proposes the setting up of an organizational structure responsible for the safety of persons involved in subsequent repair or maintenance work on the building. Contents include: maintenance scope, definitions and operations; maintenance and the prevention of occupational hazards; main hazards and means of prevention. (76451)
CIS 01-373 Approach for integrating temporary workers in the building and construction induustry: Practical proposals. (French: Démarche d'intégration des intérimaires dans le bâtiment et les travaux publics: propositions d'application) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., Apr. 2000. 85p. Illus. 25 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0808-X (In French) Internet: The objective of this booklet is to assist both building contractors using temporary workers and agencies supplying these workers in understanding the issues relating to temporary workers. It encourages them to adopt a collaborative approach to improve the process of integrating temporary workers on building sites. In particular, the approach involves analysing the need, having recourse to an agency for the recruiting, reception on the construction site, supervision and training. Check lists aimed at helping the analysis during each step are included as appendices. (76505)
CIS 01-374 Officewise. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. 16p. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) Internet: Although accidents are not frequent in offices, they do occur, and safety and health measures need to be adapted to the levels of risk. This booklet is aimed at employers or managers of small enterprises involving office work. It highlights the legal requirements in the United Kingdom and offers guidance on implementing appropriate prevention measures in an office working environment. (76506)
CIS 01-375 New workers; New workplace - New hazards. (French: Les nouveaux; Nouveau poste de travail - Nouveaux risques; German: Neu am Arbeitsplatz; Neuer Arbeitsplatz - neue Gefahren; Italian: I nuovi collaboratori; Nuovo posto di lavoro - nuovi pericoli) Suva, Gesundheitsschutz, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 2000. 8p. Illus. 6 ref. + 20p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: The risks of accidents are 50% higher among new employees. These two brochures, one of which is aimed at supervisors, the other at the worker, contain practical advice for helping to integrate new employees, informing them of the potential hazards linked to their job and training them in their assigned tasks. Rights and responsibilities of workers are also summarized. (76559)
CIS 01-376 Working on CRT screens. (French: Le travail sur écran de visualisation - T.E.V.) Kalhoulé T., International Labour Organization (ILO), Bureau international du Travail, Equipe multidisciplinaire pour l'Afrique Centrale, B.P. 13, Yaoundé, Cameroun, 2000. 3p., 3p., 6p., 17p., 18p., 21p. (6 folders in a box)., ISBN 92-2-212052-3 (In French) Internet: This tutorial kit for work on computer screens consists of 6 parts: complaints and rumours regarding computer screens; specific aspects of work at screens; definitions of the different types of work at screens; the screen environment (equipment and infrastructure, nature of the work and workload, work organization and conditions of work, challenges in the area of occupational medicine); ergonomics of the screen workplace (keyboard, screen, printer, work posture, lighting, sound and climatic conditions, radiation); ergonomic approach for improving the conditions of work at screens (design ergonomics and corrective ergonomics). Appendices are included on the nature of tasks, visual aspects and postural disorders. (76480)
CIS 01-377 Technical report of two days training seminar on use of information technology for improving safety, health and environment. International Labour Office (ILO), Centre for the Improvement of Working Conditions and Environment, Directorate of Labour Welfare, Government of the Punjab, Civic Centre Township (Near Chandni Chowk), Lahore, Pakistan, 2000. ii, 47p. Illus. (In English) Internet: Report of a seminar on the use of information technology (IT) for improving safety, health and environment supported by ILO/DANIDA, held in Lahore, Pakistan, 13-14 September 2000. Main topics covered: new trends and prospects for information technology; use of IT for managing production and labour practices in the garment industry (case study); introduction to various databases and information sources on safety, health and environment (ILO Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety, TOXLINE, MSDS database, HSELINE, CHEMINFO, etc.). (76371)
CIS 01-378 Passive smoking at work. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., May 2000. 12p. Illus. 4 ref. (In English) Internet: Tobacco smoke contains small droplets of tar together with nicotine and a wide range of gases including carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and acrolein, as well as small amounts of substances which been shown in laboratory tests to induce cancer in animals. Studies have shown that passive exposure to tobacco smoke (passive smoking) can cause lung cancer in non-smokers. It also causes acute irritant effects on the eyes, throat and respiratory tract, and can aggravate asthma. This booklet provides guidance to employers on action to prevent passive smoking, and recommends the introduction of a policy to control smoking at the workplace. The current legal situation in Britain is highlighted. Replaces CIS 91-423. (76507)
CIS 01-379 Using anaesthetic gases: Assessing the risks. (Dutch: Risico-evaluatie bij gebruik van anesthesiegassen; French: Utilisation de gaz d'anesthésie: évaluation des risques) Ministère fédéral de l'Emploi et du Travail, 51 rue Belliard, 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium, June 1999. 15p. (In Dutch, French) Internet: Nitrous oxide and chlorinated hydrocarbons frequently used as anaesthetic gases are mutagenic and teratogenic upon prolonged exposure, and have possible effects on the central nervous system and the liver. Measurements made in hospital operating theatres reveal that high concentrations can persist for long times. Particularly high loads can occur in cases of inadequate ventilation during inhalation anaesthetics with halogenated products. This booklet provides exposure limit values applicable in Belgium for anaesthetic gases, describes the potential risk factors associated with working with these substances in hospitals, and provides check-lists for ensuring the limitation of exposure. (76428)
CIS 01-380 Surface treatment plants - Integrating safety by design - Creation, expansion, modification. (French: Ateliers de traitement de surface - Concevoir en sécurité intégrée - Création, extension, modification) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., July 2000. 39p. Illus. 13 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0825-X (In French) Internet: Aimed primarily at company owners and process engineers, this booklet proposes a systematic approach to and practical rules for the design of new surface coating plants or for modifications of existing plants that take into account the need to reduce the most important hazards. The approach consists of specifying the needs, both existing and projected, and of attributing sufficient surface area to each operation. The rules proposed for the design of equipment, bath lines and buildings are aimed at reducing chemical, mechanical, transportation and handling hazards, but also at improving working conditions. (76504)
CIS 01-381 Controlling exposure to coating powders. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, June 2000. iv, 60p. Illus. 17 ref. Price: GBP 10.95. + CD ROM (runs on Windows 95/98 or NT4 sp3 platforms, requires a sound card)., ISBN 0-7176-1761-0 (In English) Internet: This guidance document is mainly aimed at users of coating powders in small firms to enable them to reduce the risk to their employees' health. Contents: health effects of coating powders; legal requirements; occupational exposure limits; how to determine if there is an overexposure problem; exposure management (substitution, using coating powders correctly, minimizing process costs, personnel protective equipment, training, air monitoring, health surveillance). Case studies of improvements implemented by four companies are described. A training CD ROM is included. (76555)
CIS 01-382 Portable and hand-held fire extinguishers. (French: Les extincteurs d'incendie portatifs et mobiles) Bouet A., Petit J.M., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., Sep. 2000. 58p. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0410-6 (In French) Internet: In many cases, the use of portable fire extinguishers allows the control of fires during their early phases and to limit the propagation of the flames. This brochure recalls the standards and legal requirements with respect to portable fire extinguishers, describes the various types of extinguishers and provides information on their use and checking. (76454)
CIS 01-383 Check list - Storage of highly flammable liquids. (French: Liste de contrôle - Stockage de liquides facilement inflammables; German: Checkliste - Lagern von leichtbrennbaren Flüssigkeiten) SUVA, Protection de la santé, Division sécurité du travail, Case postale 287, 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland, [1999]. 4p. Illus. (In French, German) Internet: The purpose of this 20-item check list concerning highly flammable liquids is to highlight safety deficiencies and to facilitate the development and implementation of a plan of safety measures. (76458)
CIS 01-384 Dimensioning of liquefied gas units - Simplified determination of pipe diameters. (French: Dimensionnement des installations de gaz liquéfiés - Détermination simplifiée du diamètre des conduites; German: Auslegung von Flüssiggasanlagen - Anleitung zur vereinfachten Rohrenweitenbestimmung; Italian: Dimensionamento di impianti a gas liquefatto) Suva, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1994. 27p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: This guide is a reference source for the design of liquefied gas units. It explains how to engineer the dimensions of these installations as a function of their designed use. Following a summary of basic principles, it sets out to describe the procedure for determining the size of the installations (size of the vessels, diameters of the pipes, supply of fresh air and evacuation of combustion products, dimensioning of the evacuation ducts). Several examples of practical applications are provided in an appendix. (76558)
CIS 01-385 Protective footwear - Choice and use. (French: Les articles chaussants de protection - Choix et utilisation) Boust C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., Apr. 2000. 36p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 2-7389-0416-5 (In French) Internet: Aimed at safety engineers, occupational physicians, company management, members of hygiene and safety committees and all persons involved in the selection of personal protective equipment, this safety guide provides information on the characteristics and scope of application of protective footwear, and proposes an approach for their selection, purchase, use and care. (76453)
CIS 01-386 Safety of machinery and work equipment - Protective guards against mechanical hazards. (French: Sécurité des machines et des équipements de travail - Moyens de protection contre les risques mécaniques) Lupin H., Marsot J., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 2nd ed., July 2000. 103p. Illus. 55 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0411-4 (In French) Internet: This brochure covers the topic of safety of machinery, and presents examples of methods of protection against known mechanical hazards. The main definitions are highlighted, and an approach for selecting a protective device is outlined. For each protection method, the following aspects are covered: applicable standards, regulatory aspects, underlying principles, factors that need to be considered when selecting and implementing a protection system, main reference documentation. An appendix includes a list of suppliers. (76455)
CIS 01-387 Loading cranes. (French: Grues de chargement) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 3rd ed., May 2000. 78p. Illus., ISBN 2-85599-755-5 (In French) Internet: Illustrated safety guide aimed at operators and maintenance workers of loading cranes. Contents include: general information and regulations applicable to France; description of loading cranes; understanding the equipment; conducting proper checks at the start and end of the working day; safe working methods; maintenance. Replaces CIS 98-1486. (76501)
CIS 01-388 Protective aprons - How to use them. Ten questions on protective aprons. (French: Les tabliers de protection - Mode d'emploi. Les tabliers de protection en dix questions) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., Dec. 1999. Booklet (6p.) + leaflet. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0798-9, ISBN 2-7389-0799-7 (In French) Internet: This safety guide is aimed at butchers working with knives and having to wear metallic protective aprons. Contents include: different types of aprons; marking; sizes; settings; protection against different types of knives; cleaning, legal responsibilities of employers. (76457)
CIS 01-389 Watch your back - Avoiding back strain in timber handling and chainsaw work. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Oct. 2000. 8p. Illus. 2 ref. (In English) Internet: This booklet outlines the causes of back injury and lists simple rules for the avoidance of back strain during timber handling and work with chainsaws. Useful aid tools are described along with correct body position, correct use of chainsaws and the handling of timber and heavy loads. The importance of training for proper manual handling is emphasized, as well as the need to consult a doctor in the case of back problems in order to avoid this condition from becoming a permanent disability. Replaces CIS 94-848. (76554)
CIS 01-390 Working alone safely - A guide for employers and employees. Burkinshaw J., Foster J., Kelly D., Gagnon L., Collinge G., Clarke D., Lau Y., Alberta Human Resources and Employment, 324 Legislature Building, Edmonton T5K 2B6, Alberta, Canada, Sep. 2000. 36p. 11 ref. (In English) Internet: Employees who work alone can be grouped into five categories: employees who handle cash (store clerks, taxi drivers), employees who travel away from base office to meet their clients (including home care and social service employees and police officers), employees who do hazardous work (logging, oil, gas industries), employees who travel alone (truck drivers, businessmen) and employees who are at risk of a violent attack because their work site is isolated from public view (security guards, custodians). This handbook outlines employers' obligations and describes how to set up a safety programme. Best practices to avoid risk for each of these categories are reviewed. Appendices include check lists and legal requirements for employers and workers, as well as robbery prevention standards for clerks and violence prevention procedures in case of robbery. (76556)
Periodicals, books, databases, audiovisualsCIS 01-391 Assessment of occupational hazards. (Spanish: La evaluación de riesgos laborales) Cirujano González A., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.79, p.3-19. Illus. 14 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Aspects that need to be taken into consideration when evaluating hazards are reviewed. The structure of the hazard evaluation approach must be defined so as to take into account the risks inherent to the organization (analysis of the organization and its management, sectors and worksites, workplaces and individual characteristics of the workers) and risk factors linked to the various working conditions identified. The preparatory aspect of the evaluation includes informing occupational safety and health delegates and workers' representatives, as well as preparing detailed technical documentation. Persons responsible for the assessment need to have appropriate qualifications and should be capable of calling on experts when necessary. The evaluation itself consists of a definition of tolerable risks, as well as an estimation of their probability of occurrence and the damages they would cause. This system of hazard classification determines the preventive actions than need to be implemented. The whole procedure needs to be documented so as to enable its a posteriori review and analysis. (76471)
CIS 01-392 The entrepreneur model - Promotion of entrepreneurial responsibility towards safety and health protection in small and medium-sized enterprises. (German: Das Unternehmermodell - Förderung der Eigenverantwortung im Arbeitsschutz in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen) Strothotte G., Die BG, Aug. 1999, No.8. p.458-462. Illus. (In German) Internet: The entrepreneur model, which was developed by the statutory insurance carriers in Germany, is a programme to assist small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in complying with the Occupational Safety Act. All owners of SMEs participating in the programme receive information on the accident and health hazards in their company and help in implementing safety and health measures. The information is based on safety analyses. Business owners who choose to participate in the programme do not need to pay for the services of an internal or external expert to implement the legally required measures of safety and health. The programme is of potential interest to 30-50% of all industry employees. A first review of experience gathered with the programme reveals advantages over visits at regular intervals by external safety and health services in SMEs. (76481)
CIS 01-393 The design of occupational safety and health information. (Spanish: El diseño de información preventiva) Portell M., Solé M.D., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.9, p.20-24. Illus. 10 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Information concerning occupational hazards is an integral part of the prevention plan. However, for the message to be heeded, it must be understood, perceived as being useful and involve an approach considered acceptable by the persons to whom it is destined. Workers will not take precautions unless they feel at risk. Furthermore, they will be better aware of hazards to which they are personally exposed than to collective hazards. Training and information in occupational hazards must therefore aim to improve knowledge and change the attitudes of workers with respect to risk. To succeed, they must take into account the cognitive processes through which humans perceive and evaluate information so as to reach the desired outcome, namely the adoption of preventive measures. (76526)
CIS 01-394 Years of productivity lost among injured workers in Washington State: Modeling disability burden in workers' compensation. Fulton-Kehoe D., Franklin G., Weaver M., Cheadle A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.656-662. 26 ref. (In English) Internet: To examine the impact of disability from non-fatal work-related injuries and illnesses, the Years of Productivity Lost (YPL) measure was developed. YPL was calculated for incident workers' compensation claims with compensable injuries filed in 1986 in Washington State (USA). Final work disability status was determined in June, 1993. YPL was estimated by adding actual accumulated time loss and future lost productivity predicted from permanent partial disability awards and pensions. Back and neck sprains were associated with the highest YPL followed by sprains of the lower and upper extremities. Using actual accumulated time loss, 14,624 years of productivity lost for compensable injuries were calculated in 1986. After including predicted lost productivity, YPL ranged from 28,017 to 33,502 years. YPL can be used to quantify the burden of disability due to occupational injuries and illnesses and to prioritize efforts to prevent long-term disability. (76328)
CIS 01-395 The ALTREX software package: Tool for the statistical analysis and interpretation of measurement results - Assessment of occupational exposure to chemicals and noise. (French: ALTREX: un logiciel pour l'analyse statistique et l'interprétation des résultats de mesures - Cas des expositions professionnelles aux agents chimiques et au bruit) Vincent R., Wild P., Thiéry L., Leplay A., Marsenac F., Despres B., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, Note No.2084-172-98, p.273-281. Illus. 19 ref. (In French) Internet: The interpretation of occupational exposure measurements is an important step when assessing workplace exposure to stressors. Statistical analysis procedures recommended by several industrial hygiene standards were gathered in the ALTREX software. Statistical tests included in ALTREX make it possible to analyse exposure variations and to establish a diagnosis of the exposure situation, based on the probability of exposures exceeding threshold limit values, ALTREX can be used to process two types of measurements: chemical substances and noise. (76424)
CIS 01-396 Evaluation of the quality of occupational safety and health training. (Italian: La valutazione della qualità degli interventi formativi in materia di sicurezza e salute sul lavoro) Salvione M., Perticaroli S., Roseo G., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, 1998, Vol.11, No.2, supplement, 200p. Illus. 53 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Special issue of the Italian Occupational Prevention and Safety Institute dealing with all quality aspects of training in prevention and safety: definitions, concepts and methods, professional education schemes, adult education, models for quality evaluation, measurements and dimensions of quality, relevance to the client, professionalism, social and economic components, organizational quality, professional impact and yield. Audit forms and check-lists for the evaluation are included. (76435)
CIS 01-397 Safety engineering - From knowledge to know-how. (French: L'ingénierie sécurité - Du savoir au savoir-faire) Ecury P.J., Les éditions d'ergonomie, 46 rue Raphaël, B.P. 138, 13267 Marseille Cedex 08, France, 1999. 226p. Illus. Price: FRF 200.00., ISBN 2-908191-16-4 (In French) Internet: This publication describes the role of safety services in the enterprise, and more particularly the role of the safety engineer. Among topics covered: relations with management and employees; qualities, skills and mission of the safety engineer; safety and health activities in the enterprise (occupational medicine, safety and health); ethics. (76402)
CIS 01-398 Risk assessment - Assistance in risk assessment to enterprises by the Mutual of Industrial Accident Insurance Associations. (German: Gefährdungsbeurteilung - Unterstützung der Betriebe bei der Gefährdungsbeurteilung durch die gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften) Hoffmann B., Stürk P., Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Sep. 1999. 30p., ISBN 3-88383-533-1 (In German) Internet: This report provides a listing of all guidance documents on hazard evaluation developed as of 30 September 1999 by the German Mutual of Industrial Accident Insurance Associations. Introductory chapters briefly present the basic requirements of the new German law on the implementation of preventive measures for the protection of health and safety of employees at work (or Work Safety Act), and the responsibilities and steps to be taken in implementing the law. Summaries in English, French and Spanish. (76446)
CIS 01-399 Publications of the BIA - Institute for Occupational Safety of the institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention 1999. (German: Veröffentlichungen des Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Instituts für Arbeitssicherheit - BIA) Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit - BIA, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Aug. 2000. 150p., ISBN 3-88383-569-2 (In German) Internet: Directory of BIA publications issued in 1999. The articles, reports and technical documents are grouped under the following headings: multidisciplinary documents; chemical and biological effects; physical effects (noise, vibration and other physical effects); personal protective equipment; protective devices for machines and instruments; construction; conference proceedings. A short description of each of these publications is included. (76450)
CIS 01-400 Review of trends - Accidents at work and occupational diseases in Finland, 1998. Federation of Accident Insurance Institutions, Finland, [1998]. 8p. Illus. (In English) Internet: A detailed analysis of occupational accidents (accidents at work and while commuting) and occupational diseases in Finland from 1990 to 1998, presented by number of cases, frequency rates, length of disability, frequency of fatalities, industrial sector, profession, cause of accident and factor of predisposition. In 1998, an increase occupational accidents was noted, whereas the number of cases of occupational diseases decreased. Workplace injuries and diseases were less severe. (76362)
CIS 01-401 Annual report 1998. (French: Compte rendu de l'exercice 1998) Association d'assurance contre les accidents, Section industrielle et Section agricole, Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1998. 55p. Illus. (In French) Internet: The activity report describes the objectives and organizational structure of the Accident Insurance Association of Luxembourg by economic sector, and includes statistics for work-related accidents, statistical trends and financial results of the Association for the year 1998. (76406)
CIS 01-402 Statistics of occupational accidents. (German: Arbeitsunfallstatistik) Hoffmann B., Rostek R., Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, July 1999, 150p. Illus., ISBN 3-88383-523-4 (In German) Internet: This report provides detailed statistics of occupational accidents in Germany for 1997. Accidents from falls, burns, cranes, fork lifts and other stackers were highlighted in this annual update by the German Mutual of Industrial Accident Insurance Associations. In addition to the evaluation criteria of profession, age, sex and location of injury were: nationality, month, day of the week and time of day. The downward trend in accident occurrences observed since 1992 continued in 1997. The sectors showing the largest numbers of accidents per 1000 employees were: construction (101), woodworking (83), quarries (67) and metalworking (58), followed by food and transport (54 each) and mining (43). Fatalities numbered 1739, of which 735 occurred during commuting and travel. There is a trend for younger employees to suffer below-average accident severity, while for older employees, the frequencies are above-average. (76448)
CIS 01-403 2000 Guide to labour and social affairs. (Spanish: Guía laboral 2000 y de asuntos sociales) Subdirección General de Información Administrativa de la Secretaría General Técnica del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, Agustín de Bethencourt 11, 2°, 28003 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 703p. (Spanish version). 439p. (English version). Illus. Price: ESP 2100 (VAT included). Index., ISBN 84-8417-028-4 (es), ISBN 84-8417-033-0 (en) (In English, Spanish) Internet: The aim of this guide is to inform users of the programmes and measures put into practice by the Spanish Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and its subordinate bodies. Contents: looking for work; vocational training; aids for job creation; types of work contracts; salaries and working hours; amendments, suspension and termination of work contacts; special work contracts; foreign workers in Spain; unemployment benefits; inspection and occupational health and safety services; collective bargaining on working conditions; social security (rights and duties); social action programmes; list of the various agencies and their addresses. (76474)
CIS 01-404 Annual report 1999. (French: Compte rendu de l'exercice 1999) Association d'assurance contre les accidents, Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1999. 55p. Illus. (In French) Internet: This annual report re-states the objectives and organizational structure of the Accident Insurance Association of Luxembourg by economic sector (manufacturing industry, and agriculture and forestry); it includes a survey of legislation in force in Luxembourg, occupational accident statistics and financial results of the Association for the year 1999. (76478)
CIS 01-405 Seventh survey on the effect given to the Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy. ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. 2 vol. (iii + 130; iii + 415p.). Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: Summaries of commentary sent to the ILO by governments, and by employers' and workers' organizations in response to the questionnaire of the Seventh survey related to the 1977 Tripartite Declaration. Paragraphs 36-39 of vol.2 (p.211-237) contain the commentaries related to safety and health practices of multinational enterprises, submitted from 95 Member States of the ILO. (76360)
CIS 01-406 Fundamental principles of occupational health and safety. Alli B.O., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2001. ix, 154p. Illus. 43 ref. Index. Price: CHF 20.00, USD 14.95, GBP 9.95., ISBN 92-2-110869-4 (In English) Internet: This practical guide to the development of effective occupational health and safety policies and programmes focuses on the key topics essential to promoting health and safety in the workplace. It presents a concise overview of the issues involved, together with specific guidelines for policy design and implementation at both national and enterprise levels. The operational aspects of meeting health and safety requirements are also covered, with detailed sections on legislation and enforcement, occupational health surveillance, and preventive and protective measures, as well as health education and training. There is an explanation of the main concepts in occupational health and demonstrates how relevant ILO Conventions and Recommendations define workers' rights and allocate duties and responsibilities to competent authorities, employers and workers. Examples are given of good practice in the surveillance of workers' health and of the working environment, occupational health services, and reduction of the incidence of work-related injuries and diseases. Much practical advice is given to authorities, employers and workers, along with a glossary, a list of related publications and an example of a health and safety policy. (76508)
CIS 01-407 4th National survey on working conditions - Preliminary results. (Spanish: IV Encuesta nacional de condiciones de trabajo - Avance de resultados) Maqueda Blasco J., Almodóvar Molina A., eds., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 31p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-519-8 (In Spanish) Internet: The aim of this survey is to analyse occupational activity with respect to the prevention of occupational hazards. It is based on surveys, firstly of companies in order to establish modes of organization, prevention activities, technological complexity and workers' training, and secondly of workers in order to understand their conditions of employment and of work, preventive measures being implemented and the information provided, and to identify impairments to health and personal variables linked to health. (76528)
CIS 01-408 Standardization in occupational hazard prevention - Directory of occupational safety and health UNE standards - Analytical structure. (Spanish: La normalización en prevención de riesgos laborales - Repertorio de normas une sobre seguridad y salud en el trabajo estructurado analíticamente) Castellá López J.L., Die Goyanes C., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 2000. 43p., ISBN 84-7425-561-9 (In Spanish) Internet: Directory listing more than 700 Spanish standards on occupational safety and health grouped in 9 classes: personal protective equipment; machinery safety; chemicals; ergonomics (machines, visual display screens, thermal environment); noise; vibration; electrical safety; miscellaneous (stairways, scaffolds, safety nets, occupational safety and health management). (76529)
CIS 01-409 Mainstream research market 2000/2001. Health and Safety Executive, HSE, The Research Strategy Unit, P.O. Box 1064, Sheffield S3 7YB, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 27p. (In English) Internet: This report describes the current and anticipated research projects of the Health and Safety Executive in Britain. The aim and scope of the mainstream research programme are described along with the identification of research requirements, project procurement, dissemination of results and research evaluation. Priorities in four subject areas are outlined: occupational health, major hazards and risk assessment, engineering, and behavioural and social sciences. An additional research programme dealing with nuclear safety is also described. (76541)
CIS 01-410 Economics of the working environment. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Department for Occupational Safety and Health, P.O. Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, 1997. 108p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 952-00-0362-2 (In English) Internet: There has been a growing interest in the economic effects of the working environment. This publication presents models which reflect Finnish working life. Each chapter offers one perspective on the economics of the working environment: positive effect of the well-being of employees on productivity; evaluating the profitability of improvements in the service sector working environment; costs of absenteeism; costs of accidents at work; costs of disability pensions and labour turnover; effects of the workplace social and motivational environment on customer service; industrial productivity and working environment; economic effects of the management of human resources. (76542)
CIS 01-411 Safety in the modern society: Work, home, leisure. Rantanen J., Lehtinen S., Saarela K.L., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2000. iv, 178p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-338-7 (In English) Internet: Proceedings of the European Conference on Safety in the Modern Society held in Helsinki, Finland, 15-17 September 1999. The aim of the conference was to discuss safety risks in a broad scope of activities (work, home, leisure and the community). Main topics covered: safety culture; new policies for safety; developing new safety and health strategies; new trends in regulation; risk assessment; monitoring and surveillance; safety information; development of safe technologies; economic appraisal; knowledge and competence as prerequisites for the development of safety in modern society; use of information and communication technologies for safety; support to the EU applicant countries. (76543)
CIS 01-412 The economic viewpoint in occupational safety and health supervision: Memorandum. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, P.O. Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, 1999. 16p. Illus., ISBN 952-00-0742-3 (In English) Internet: This booklet contains information on the economics of the working environment. It is aimed at OSH inspectors and its objective is to explain how economic approaches can be applied to occupational safety and health supervision. The most important objective of OSH inspections is to achieve permanent positive changes in working conditions. The evaluation of the economic impact is a means of accelerating the implementation of these improved working conditions. (76545)
CIS 01-413 The TYTA model - Implement for evaluating the company's working environment costs. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, P.O. Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, 1999. 37p. Illus. + Diskette., ISBN 952-00-0662-1 (In English) Internet: Accidents, sickness and the resulting absenteeism, labour turnover and disability which can be costly to companies can be evaluated in economic terms with the TYTA model, a spreadsheet-based tool (Excel files are supplied on a diskette). The costs of investing in the improvement of working conditions can also be calculated and compared with these economic costs. The aim of using this model is therefore to encourage companies to invest in improved working conditions. (76546)
CIS 01-414 Personal protective equipment - Labelling, ordering and standards [Belgium]. (Dutch: Persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen - Markering, bestelling en normen; French: Equipements de protection individuelle - Marquage, commande et normes [Belgique]) PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2nd ed., 1999. 24p. Illus. 10 ref., ISBN 2-87112-058-7 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-56-7 (ne) (In Dutch, French) Internet: Belgian legislation concerning personal protective equipment (PPE) includes two Royal Orders. One covers the manufacture and the sale of PPE, while the second covers its proper use. Only the first one, dated 31 Dec. 1992 (CIS 97-1069), is considered in this guidance document. According to the Order, all PPE placed on sale after 1 July 1995 needs to bear the EC label. For manufacturers this implies that a certain number of certification procedures shall have to be applied to PPE before it can be sold. Details of such procedures, as they affect ordering and accompanying documentation, are provided. In addition, existing standards, levels of protection, number codes and safety pictogrammes are given for each PPE category: safety clothing, foot protection, hand protection, face and eye protection, respiratory protection, hearing protection, head protection, protection against falling, protection against drowning and electrical protection. Replaces CIS 97-1176. (76430)
CIS 01-415 Provision of welfare facilities at transient railway-infrastructure maintenance and renewals sites. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 2p. 6 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet is aimed at employers, contractors, subcontractors, the self-employed and those who control maintenance and repair work on railway infrastructure. It gives guidance on the provision of welfare facilities at railway work sites. Main topics covered: including welfare facilities in the planning of the work; toilet facilities; washing facilities; facilities for clothing; rest facilities; supply of drinking water. (76416)
CIS 01-416 Contracting with an external provider of occupational safety and health services. (Dutch: Samenwerking met de externe dienst voor preventie en bescherming op het werk; French: Collaborer avec un service externe pour la prévention et la protection au travail) PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Brussel, Belgium, 1999. 20p., ISBN 2-87112-057-9 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-55-9 (ne) (In Dutch, French) Internet: This guide gives practical advice on the collaboration between internal and external occupational safety and health services within the Belgian legal framework. It traces the history of occupational safety and health, describes legal requirements as well as the distribution of tasks between the internal and the external services. (76408)
CIS 01-417 Mortality from multiple sclerosis and exposure to residential and occupational solar radiation: A case-control study based on death certificates. Freedman D.M., Dosemeci M., Alavanja M.C.R., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.56, No.6, p.418-421. 27 ref. (In English) Internet: To explore whether mortality from multiple sclerosis is negatively associated with exposure to sunlight, two case-control studies based on death certificates were conducted for mortality from multiple sclerosis and non-melanoma skin cancer (as a positive control). Cases were all deaths from multiple sclerosis between 1984 and 1995 in 24 states of the United States. Controls excluded cancer and certain neurological deaths. Results were adjusted for age, sex, race and socio-economic status. Unlike mortality from skin cancer, mortality from multiple sclerosis was negatively associated with residential exposure to sunlight (odds ratio 0.53 (multiple sclerosis) and 1.24 (skin cancer)). Odds ratios for the highest occupational exposure to sunlight were 0.74 for mortality from multiple sclerosis, compared with 1.21 for mortality from non-melanoma skin cancer. The OR was 0.24 for the combined effect of the highest levels of residential, and occupational exposure to sunlight on multiple sclerosis, compared with an OR of 1.38 for skin cancer. (76310)
CIS 01-418 Occupational exposures and pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis. Ojajärvi I.A., Partanen T.J., Kauppinen T.P., Ahlbom A., Wesseling C.H., Weiderpass E., Boffetta P., Vainio H.U., Hakulinen T., Jourenkova N., Kogevinas M., Porta M., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.316-324. Illus. 102 ref. (In English) Internet: Epidemiological studies on pancreatic cancer and worksite exposures during 1969-98 were surveyed. Exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) solvents and related compounds was associated with a risk ratio of 1.4, and nickel and nickel compounds with a risk ratio of 1.9. Excesses were also found for chromium and chromium compounds (1.4), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (1.5), organochlorine insecticides (1.5), silica dust (1.4), and aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents (1.3). The occupational aetiological fraction of pancreatic cancer was estimated at 12%. In a subpopulation exposed to CHC solvents and related compounds, it was 29%; to chromium and chromium compounds, 23%; to nickel and nickel compounds, 47%; to insecticides, 33%; and to PAHs, 33%. Further studies are warranted on the interactions between occupational, environmental and lifestyle factors as well as interactions between genes and the environment. (76316)
CIS 01-419 Workplace exposures and oesophageal cancer. Parent M.E., Siemiatycki J., Fritschi L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.325-334. 74 ref. (In English) Internet: In a population-based case-control study, 99 histologically confirmed cases of cancer of the oesophagus, 63 of which were squamous cell carcinomas, were analysed. Controls included 533 population controls and 533 patients with other types of cancer. Detailed job histories were obtained from all subjects and were assessed for exposure to occupational agents. Results indicate that sulfuric acid and carbon black showed the strongest evidence of an association with oesophageal cancer, particularly squamous ceil carcinoma. Other substances also showed excess risks, but the evidence was more equivocal, namely chrysotile asbestos, alumina, mineral spirits, toluene, synthetic adhesives, ether paints and varnishes, iron compounds and mild steel dust. Although none of the occupations showed a clear excess risk, the strongest hints were for warehouse workers, food service workers, and workers from the miscellaneous food industry. (76317)
CIS 01-420 Maternal occupational exposure during pregnancy and the risk of spina bifida. Blatter B.M., Roeleveld N., Zielhuis G.A., Gabreëls F.J.M., Verbeek A.L.M., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.80-86. 23 ref. (In English) Internet: A case-control study was carried out to explore associations between spina bifida and occupational exposure of the mother. Cases were 470 children with spina bifida aperta born between 1980 and 1992 from nine hospitals in the Netherlands. The controls were 2350 children born healthy in the same period as the cases. Analyses of occupation showed an increased risk for women working in agricultural occupations (OR = 3.4) and, although less distinct, for cleaning women (OR = 1.7). Only a few mothers of cases seemed to be occupationally exposed to chemical or physical agents. No differences in occurrence of specific exposures could be detected between cases and controls. Besides, no differences were seen in pesticide or disinfectant exposure among case and control mothers in agricultural occupations. (76342)
CIS 01-421 The survival analyses of 2738 patients with simple pneumoconiosis. Yi Q., Zhang Z., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.129-135. 30 ref. (In English) Internet: To explore whether the inhalation of coal mine dust increases the risk of premature death in miners, a survival analysis was conducted in a cohort of 2738 patients with simple pneumoconiosis in the Huai-Bei coal mine in China. During a follow up period (mean 8yrs) 3.2% of patients with simple pneumoconiosis developed progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). The patients with PMF presented higher age specific mortalities than those remaining in a state of simple pneumoconiosis (SMR: 3.42). After adjustment for tuberculosis and duration of work, the relative risk (RR) of premature death due to development of PMF was 2.4. Tuberculosis was found to be a main risk factor which not only facilitated premature death (RR=2.0), but was also a strong facilitator for development of PMF (RR=7.0). Also, a long term of work underground and drilling as a main job were identified as risk factors for development of PMF. (76348)
CIS 01-422 Hairdresser's asthma: Five case reports. (Italian: Asma dei parrucchieri: descrizione di 5 casi) Macchioni P., Kotopulos C., Talini D., De Santis M., Masino E., Paggiaro P.L., Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1999, Vol.90, No.6, p.776-785. Illus. 17 ref. (In Italian) Internet: This paper reports five cases of bronchial asthma in hairdressers exposed to bleaching dusts containing potassium and ammonium persulfate. All subjects complained of asthmatic symptoms and were examined for nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. They also underwent skin prick tests for common allergens, maximal expiratory volume monitoring during two weeks at work, specific bronchial challenge (SBC) test with bleaching dust, and assessment of airway inflammation by induced sputum tests. None of the subjects were atopic and all subjects were negative for skin prick tests. All were hyperreactive to methacholine and positive to SBC. Pharmacological treatments in combination with reduced occupational exposure reduced symptoms. (76434)
CIS 01-423 Urticaria: A review of its clinical and occupational aspects. (Portuguese: Urticária: Uma revisão sobre os aspectos clínicos e ocupacionais) Seoane Leal C.H., Iguti A.M., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.77-100. 75 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Urticaria is a clinical manifestation of many diseases and has an unknown epidemologic profile, due to its uncommon characteristics. Only the most critical and recurrent cases are treated in health services. This article reviews the bibliography of urticaria and its clinical aspects, classifications, the various forms of occupational urticaria and its diagnostic tests. The main occupational risk factors giving rise to urticaria are reviewed with particular emphasis on manifestations caused by contact with rubber gloves. (76514)
CIS 01-424 Skin protection and care. (Spanish: Protección y cuidados de la piel) Röcher W., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.79, p.25-35. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: Occupational skin diseases can be avoided if the employer adopts a plan of specific measures aimed at protecting the skin before work starts and providing proper care at the end of the working day. Such an approach has two advantages: it ensures that workers have a healthy skin, and it costs little in comparison with curative measures in the event of lesions. Following a brief introduction on the structure and functions of the skin, preventive measures to be adopted and various types of topics for skin care and protection are presented. Advice for implementing a skin protection plan within the enterprise is also included. (76472)
CIS 01-425 Cancer in veterinarians. Fritschi L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.289-297. 107 ref. (In English) Internet: This is a review of the literature on carcinogenic risks among veterinarians, who are exposed to radiation, anaesthetic gases, pesticides and zoonoses. The levels of exposure to potential carcinogens are examined and evidence is reviewed for carcinogenesis of these substances in humans at doses similar to those experienced by veterinarians. Results indicate that veterinarians have considerable potential for exposure to several known and potential carcinogens. Risks may be posed by work in clinics with poorly maintained X-ray equipment, by use of insecticides, and from contact with carcinogenic zoonotic organisms. Studies suggest that veterinarians have increased mortality from lymphohaematopoietic cancers, melanoma, and possibly colon cancer. Information gathered on the carcinogenic risks of these exposures has implications for many other occupations, in particular veterinary nurses, animal handlers and some farmers. (76314)
CIS 01-426 Lung cancer in Yorkshire chrome platers, 1972-97. Sorahan T., Harrington J.M., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.56, No.6, p.385-389. 24 ref. (In English) Internet: The mortality of a cohort of 1,087 chrome platers from 54 plants situated in the United Kingdom was investigated for the period 1972-97. All subjects had been employed as chrome platers for over 3 months and all were alive at the beginning of the study period. Mortality data were also available for a cohort of 1,163 comparison workers with no known occupational exposure to chrome compounds. Information on duration of chrome work and smoking habits collected for a cross sectional survey carried out in 1969-72 were available for 916 of the chrome platers; smoking habits were available for 1,004 comparison workers. Based on serial mortality rates for the general population of England and Wales, significantly increased mortality from lung cancer was observed but not in male comparison workers. Occupational exposures to hexavalent chromium may be responsible for the increased mortality from lung cancer in this cohort. (76307)
CIS 01-427 Lung cancer risk of workers in shoe manufacture and repair. Jöckel K.H., Pohlabeln H., Bolm-Audorff U., Brüske-Hohlfeld I., Wichmann H.E., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.575-580. 20 ref. (In English) Internet: A total of 4,184 people with primary lung cancer and 4,253 controls, matched for sex, age and region of residence were interviewed in Germany with respect to their occupational and smoking history. Individuals who had worked in shoe manufacturing or repair for at least half a year were identified. Based on 76 cases and 42 controls having worked in shoe manufacture or repair, a significant risk was noted (Odds Ratio (OR)=1.89). After adjustment for smoking, this risk was lowered to 1.69. The smoking-adjusted OR among men was 1.50 and 2.91 among women. Regression modelling showed a positive dose-effect relationship between duration of exposure in shoe manufacture and repair and lung cancer risk. The OR for 30 years of exposure varied between 1.98 and 2.24. The study shows an increased lung cancer risk for shoemakers and workers in shoe manufacturing, doubling after being 30 years in these occupations. (76321)
CIS 01-428 Work related impairment of nasal function in Swedish woodwork teachers. Åhman M., Holmström M., Cynkier I., Söderman E., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.112-117. 26 ref. (In English) Internet: To study the relation between exposure and nasal function, 39 selected woodworking teachers employed full time and 32 control subjects (other school personnel) were examined at the beginning and at the end of a working week with symptom rating, nose and throat inspection, rhinomanometry, nasal mucociliary clearance test and a smell identification test. Dust and terpene concentrations were measured in all 39 schools. Compared with controls, the woodworking teachers had more nasal symptoms and worse mucociliary clearance as the week progressed, especially among those working in rooms without mechanical ventilation. A small impairment of olfactory function was also found, but their rhinomanometric values did not change significantly. Nasal symptoms correlated weakly with the percentage of respirable dust in the total dust. Dust concentrations were found to be below the Swedish threshold limit value of 2mg/m3. (76345)
CIS 01-429 The voice of the teacher: Relationship between work, health and quality of life. (Portuguese: A voz do professor: Relações entre trabalho, saúde e qualidade de vida) Zanella Penteado R., Teixeira Bicudo Pereira I.M., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.109-130. 32 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This study concerns the professional use of voice by teachers for establishing the relationship between vocal health and speech dysfunction (dysphonias), conditions of work and quality of life of the teacher. These relationships are presented based on the analysis of the most common types of dysfunction and the predisposing factors and aggravating circumstances present in the teacher's routine. This paper provides guidance to health professionals by pointing out the specific needs of teachers and that vocal problems and dysfunctions must be taken into consideration and treated as a disease. (76515)
CIS 01-430 Lung function over the first 3 years of a professional diving career. Skogstad M., Thorsen E., Haldorsen T., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.56, No.6, p.390-395. Illus. 23 ref. (In English) Internet: Eighty-seven men at the start of their education as professional divers were studied and followed up 1 and 3 years after the school. Assessment included dynamic lung volumes and flows and transfer factor for carbon monoxide (TlCO). At the start of the diving course, there were no differences in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 second (FEV1), and in TlCO between the 69 pre-exposed divers and the 18 never-exposed divers. The FVC was significantly larger than predicted in both groups. At follow up at 3 years there was a significant reduction in mean FEV1 of 1.8%, in forced mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75) of 6.5%and in forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC expired (FEF75%) of 10.4%. The TlCO was significantly decreased by 4.6%. Exposure to diving may contribute to changes in pulmonary function, mostly affecting small airways conductance. (76308)
CIS 01-431 Reactivity and recovery from different types of work measured by catecholamines and cortisol: A systematic literature overview. Sluiter J.K., Frings-Dresen H.W., Meijman T.F., van der Beek A.J., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.298-315. 109 ref. (In English) Internet: A systematic literature search was performed on the topic of neuroendocrine reactivity and recovery from mental, combined mental and physical, or physical tasks. Studies with catecholamines or cortisol as effect variables measured in blood, urine or saliva were taken into consideration. For reactivity and recovery up to 1 hour after performing the task, half of the studies considered physical tasks and more than two thirds showed incomplete recovery compared with baseline excretion of catecholamines and cortisol. Three days after the task was performed, recovery was often incomplete for cortisol after a combination of mentally and physically demanding tasks, and less often after solely mental or physical tasks. (76315)
CIS 01-432 Age, job insecurity and heath - First results of the VISAT study. (French: Age, précarité et santé - Premiers résultats de l'étude VISAT) Niesborala M., Helardot V., Médecine et travail, June 1999, No.2 (180), p.33-36. 6 ref. (In French) Internet: VISAT (see also CIS 01-597) is a survey conducted by industrial physicians and researchers specialised in ageing, ergonomics and occupational health. A total of 3,237 employees were randomly selected from persons aged 32, 42, 52 and 62 in 1996, when the first data were collected. After a 10-year follow-up, the study will cover 40 years of adult life (from 32 to 72). The objective is a better understanding of how present and past working conditions have a favourable or unfavourable influence on the quality on ageing and on health. Preliminary results indicate a very strong relationship between health problems and periods of unemployment. (76440)
CIS 01-433 Negotiating the law: Health in collective agreements. (Portuguese: Negociando a lei: Saúde nos contratos coletivos de trabalho) Silveira A.M., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.19-34. 18 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: In this study, health clauses pertaining to collective agreements involving the telecommunications, metallurgy and bank sectors, from 1986 to 1995 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, were analysed. A substantial increase in health clauses in the workplace was observed in the agreed settlements. The growth factor was 500% for phone companies, 233% for metalworkers and 325% for bank clerks. Based on interviews conducted with union members in these sectors, this strong growth in the legal content of health clauses in collective agreements seems to be due to the workers' insecurity when faced with the revision of labour and social welfare laws, and their perception of a lack of Government effectiveness when enforcing these laws. These factors encourage workers to seek agreements with their employers in order to ensure that the law is enforced. (76511)
CIS 01-434 Diseases of workers. (Portuguese: As doenças dos trabalhadores) Ramazzini B., Ministério do Trabalho, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, 05409, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 3rd ed., 2000. 325p. (In Portuguese) Internet: Unabridged Portuguese translation of the first manual of occupational medicine published in 1714 in Italy, entitled "De morbis artificum diatriba", describing diseases associated with 54 occupations or categories of workers, followed by an analysis of the author's medical approach to occupational diseases. (76520)
CIS 01-435 Work-related lung disease: Surveillance report 1999. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Publications Dissemination, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, 1999. xvii, 202p. Illus. (In English) Internet: This report is a summary of statistical data for various occupational respiratory diseases on work-related lung diseases in the United States. The data are presented in a series of figures and tables and cover asbestosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, silicosis, byssinosis, exposure to cotton dust, pneumopathy due to inhalation of other dust, neoplasms of the pleura, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, asthma, pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data are given on mortality, morbidity, and exposure by state, industry, occupation and causative agent. (76548)
CIS 01-436 2nd ISTAS Forum on Occupational Health - Monitoring health and preventing hazards - Madrid, 6-8 November 2000. (Spanish: II foro ISTAS de salud laboral - Vigilar la salud, prevenir el riesgo - Madrid 6-8 noviembre 2000) Boix P., ed., Instituto Sindical de Trabajo, Ambiente y Salud (ISTAS), Madrid, Spain, 2000. 110p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Papers presented at the 2nd Forum on Occupational Health held in Madrid, Spain, from 6 to 8 November 2000. Main topics covered: methodology for health surveillance of workers; situation in Spain, Germany and France; biological monitoring of occupational exposure to chemicals; information systems and surveillance programmes; register of occupational diseases; questionnaire for health surveillance in the event of accidental exposure to pesticides; legislation (workers' rights, European regulations). (76476)
CIS 01-437 Declaration on occupational health for all. (Portuguese: Declaração sobre saúde ocupacional para todos) Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, 2000. 8p. (In Portuguese) Internet: Portuguese translation of the declaration adopted at the second conference of WHO collaborating centres for occupational health held in Beijing, People's Republic of China, 11-14 October 1991 (for the English text see CIS 97-1513, for the document describing this event, see CIS 95-909). Health at work was recognized as a priority issue and ways to achieve a healthy working life were set forth in this declaration. (76518)
CIS 01-438 Occupational Health Advisory Committee - Report and recommendations on improving access to occupational health support. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, [1999]. 81p. lllus. (In English) Internet: This report presents the conclusions and recommendations of a working group of the Occupational Health Advisory Committee on how to improve access to occupational health support, particularly for people at work in small and medium enterprises. Part 1 describes the purpose of the work and the working method, part 2 highlights the current provisions for occupational health support, part 3 identifies the needs, and part 4 makes 30 recommendations for changing behaviour to bring about awareness of occupational health needs and for the delivery mechanisms for occupational health support. (76377)
CIS 01-439 Guidelines on quality management in multidisciplinary occupational health services. Westerholm P., Baranski B., World Health Organization, eds., World Health Organization (WHO), European Centre for Environment and Health, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, Netherlands, 1999. iii, 106p. Illus. 99 ref. (In English) Internet: The purpose of this document is to encourage the development and implementation of a quality assurance system in occupational health services or in enterprises that have not yet adopted this approach. It is also intended to support international harmonization of occupational health practice to minimize inequity in health workers and to avoid social exclusion. Main topics covered: ethics, economics and occupational health; health, environment and safety management in enterprises; existing quality management standards; organizations providing policy and legislative guidance in Europe; application of management standards to occupational health; ISO 9002. Short reports concerning specific European countries are included. (76549)
CIS 01-440 Health hazard evaluation program. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Publications Dissemination, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, June 2000. 12p. (booklet); 5p. (leaflet). (In English) Internet: A health hazard evaluation (HHE) is an evaluation of possible hazards at a workplace. This booklet and leaflet aimed at employees, employees' representatives and employers give basic guidance on the NIOSH health hazard evaluation programme. Main topics covered: definition and purpose of HHE; persons or organizations empowered to request an HHE; steps of the HHE procedure; confidentiality of the data; reporting of HHE results; form for requesting an HHE. (76374)
CIS 01-441 Work in confined spaces. (Spanish: Trabajos en espacios confinados) Mouriño Doval J.M., Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.80, p.3-13. Illus. 7 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: This article describes the various phases of work in confined spaces. It defines the measures to be implemented to ensure that different tasks are carried out under conditions of maximum safety. Contents include: permission to enter or work in the installation; delimiting and signalling the confined area; hazard evaluation; detection of hazardous atmospheres (explosive atmosphere detection, determination of CO and CO2); ventilation; personal protective equipment (respirators; harnesses and lifelines); lighting of confined spaces; planning of emergency intervention; medical surveillance and health characteristics possibly having an influence on the safety of work (claustrophobia, vertigo, heart disease, neurological problems, problems of limited mobility, reduced respiratory capacity, consumption of certain drugs); workers' training. (76527)
CIS 01-442 Preventive agricultural medicine: A medical student's perspective on an important component of rural community health. Waits J.B., Wheat J.R., Journal of Agromedicine, 1999, Vol.6, No.3, p.11-25. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) Internet: Farming and keeping livestock are the most dangerous profession in terms of mortality. Despite progress in other areas of occupational medicine, occupational health issues in agriculture have been subordinate to those of manufacturing industry until only very recently. This report tells of a visit to a cotton farm in western Alabama as part of a Rural Medicine rotation by a medical student and includes a focussed literature review on various issues in agricultural health. Pressing health issues for farmers include exposure to toxic chemicals, trauma and injury, respiratory disease, infections, stress and psychiatric illnesses. There are additional issues involving family members. The rural family physician is in a unique position to prevent morbidity and mortality by social action and early diagnosis. (76311)
CIS 01-443 Fatal work-related injuries in the agricultural production and services sectors among youth in the United States, 1992-96. Castillo D.N., Adekoya N., Myers J.R., Journal of Agromedicine, 1999, Vol.6, No.3, p.27-41. 42 ref. (In English) Internet: Data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics were used to analyse fatal agricultural work injuries among youth less than 20 years of age from 1992-1996. There were 188 deaths, 23% of which were tractor-related. Eighty-three deaths (44.1%) were reported among individuals engaged in family businesses. The fatality rate for 15- to 19-year-olds was 12.2 deaths per 100,000 full-time equivalents. Youth fatality rates were similar to those of adult workers until the age group of 45-54 years. Non-regulatory approaches to preventing injuries, especially in family businesses, are important given the current form of U.S. child labour laws. (76312)
CIS 01-444 The indigenous fisherman divers of Thailand: Diving practices. Gold D., Aiyarak S., Wongcharoenyong S., Geater A., Juengprasert W., Gerth W.A., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2000, Vol.6, No.1, p.89-112. Illus. 40 ref. (In English) Internet: Diving practices of a group of 342 indigenous fisherman in Thailand were investigated by using a questionnaire and by field observation. Divers have diving patterns that put them at substantial risk of decompression illness. They breathe air from a primitive compressor through approximately 100m of air hose and have long bottom times coupled with short intervals. 46.2% of the divers indicated they would not make a stop during ascent from a long deep dive (40m for 30min). 72.1% exceeded the no-decompression limits set by the US Navy Standard Air Decompression Table. (76352)
CIS 01-445 The indigenous fisherman divers of Thailand: Attitudes toward and awareness of hazards. Gold D., Geater A., Aiyarak S., Wongcharoenyong S., Juengprasert W., Chuchaisangrat B., Griffin M., Journal of Safety Research, 2000, Vol.31, No.1, p.17-28. Illus. 19 ref. (In English) Internet: Attitudes toward hazards and awareness of hazards were investigated in a group of 342 indigenous fishermen in Thailand using a questionnaire. Divers were asked to describe and evaluate dangers, and to describe the principal causal factor as well as means of elimination. For the divers, the highest dangers are interruption of the air supply, marine life and decompression sickness. A high percentage (83.6%) felt that pain was part of their job and only 36.9% felt that something could be done to reduce it. 66.6% would give up diving if they could earn as much doing another job. (76353)
CIS 01-446 The indigenous fisherman divers of Thailand: Strengthening knowledge through education and information. Gold D., Geater A., Aiyarak S., Wongcharoenyong S., Juengprasert W., Chuchaisangrat B., Samakkaran A., Journal of Safety Research, 2000, Vol.31, No.3, p.159-168. 14 ref. (In English) Internet: A project team addressed occupational health promotion in Thailand in order to improve the health of a group of indigenous fishermen divers. Educational activities were designed and implemented for public health physicians and workers and diving boat chiefs. Workshops for health physicians included differential diagnosis of decompression illness. Workshops for public health workers included physiology, pathophysiology and treatment of decompression illness, as well as the development of informational tools. An awareness-raising workshop was also held for boat chiefs. 10 information data sheets on safe diving were designed and distributed. (76354)
CIS 01-447 A cross sectional study of the independent effect of occupation on lung function in British coal miners. Lewis S., Bennett J., Richards K., Britton J., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.125-128. Illus. 14 ref. (In English) Internet: Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were obtained on 1286 miners in Nottinghamshire with no evidence of pneumoconiosis on X-ray film. Lung function data were also obtained from a control sample of 567 Nottinghamshire men. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the mean independent effect of mining on FEV1 and FVC after adjustment for age, height, and smoking, in all miners and controls. There was a significant mean effect of mining on FEV1 after adjustment for age, height, and smoking of -155mL, but the size of effect was inversely related to age such that in men of 45 and under the estimated mean effect of mining was -251mL. Occupational exposure to coal dust is associated with a small mean deficit in lung function even in the absence of simple pneumoconiosis, and independently from the effects of smoking. The requirement that miners should have evidence of pneumoconiosis to qualify for compensation for impaired lung function is therefore unjustified. (76347)
CIS 01-448 Medical aid given to the former workers of the Wismut uranium mines. (German: Die Betreuung der ehemaligen Arbeitnehmer im Uranerzbergbau Wismut) Otten H., Perlebach E., Schulz H., Piekarski. C., Die BG, May 1999, No.5, p.285-290. Illus. 10 ref. (In German) Internet: From 1 January 1991 the workers of the Wismut uranium mines of the former German Democratic Republic became the responsibility of the statutory insurance carriers of the Federal Republic of Germany. Since then, the records of the Wismut uranium mines have been screened for data on the working conditions, as well as for the names and addresses of the workers. Missing information on the exposures of workers before 1955 was obtained by reconstructing the exposure conditions from mining conditions and methods employed at that time. Exposure to radon and radon daughters, noise, vibration, asbestos, quartz dust, fumes from diesel engines and mine blasting was determined. Medical examinations were offered to and accepted by 80,000 workers. Of them 24,000 received a second medical examination. In approx. 1900 cases, new claims for receiving compensation for a diagnosed occupational disease have been filed. (76484)
CIS 01-449 Construction and other industries - Safety and health at work for women. (Spanish: Construcción y otras industrias - Salud y seguridad en el trabajo para las mujeres) Rodríguez C., Protección y seguridad, Mar.-Apr. 2000, Vol.46, No.270, p.38-40. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: Aspects that building industry employers need to take into account when employing women are listed: personal protective equipment has to be designed with women's anatomy in mind; building sites need to be equipped with sanitary facilities and washbasins; supervisors must be watchful to ensure that women are not subjected to remarks of a hostile or sexual nature which are sources of stress; jobs must be suited to the build and strength of women; pregnant women should be assigned to less strenuous tasks. (76523)
CIS 01-450 Study on work and health conditions of urban bus drivers in Belo Horizonte - MG. (Portuguese: Estudo das condições de trabalho e saúde de motoristas de ônibus urbanos de Belo Horizonte - MG) dos Santos É.A., Mendes R., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.131-142. Illus. 36 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: The main purpose of this study was to analyse conditions of work and the heath status of urban bus drivers in the Brazilian city of Belo Horizonte, aiming to identify preventive actions that could improve working conditions for this occupational group. Among the findings, some deserve special attention: there is no standard pre-employment medical examination for urban bus drivers; buses that are in service in Belo Horizonte are, as a whole, old or obsolete; musculoskeletal diseases constitute the main occupational disease and cause of absenteeism; urban bus drivers have a high rate of high blood pressure (measured while at work). Finally, some recommendations are made with a view of improving working conditions for this occupational group. (76516)
CIS 01-451 Jockey injuries in the United States. Waller A.E., Daniels J.L., Weaver N.L., Robinson P., Journal of the American Medical Association, Mar. 2000, Vol.283, No.10, p.1326-1328. Illus. 8 ref. (In English) Internet: To estimate rates of medically treated injuries among professional jockeys and identify patterns of injury events, a cross-sectional survey was carried out based on data from official races at US professional racing facilities from January 1, 1993, through December 31, 1996, during which 6545 injuries occurred: 18.8% were to the jockey's head or neck; other frequent sites included the leg, foot/ankle, back, arm/hand and shoulder. The most frequent location where injuries occurred was entering, within or leaving the starting gate (35.1%), including 29.5% of head injuries, 39.8% of arm/hand injuries and 52.0% of injuries to the leg/foot. Most head injuries resulted from being thrown from the horse (41.8%) or struck by the horse's head (23.2%). Being thrown from the horse was the cause of 55.1% of back and 49.6% of chest injuries. Efforts are needed to reduce the number of potential injury events on the track and to improve protective equipment so that such events do not lead to injury. (76349)
CIS 01-452 Workload on technical services staff at the USP nursing school. (Portuguese: Cargas de trabalho dos técnicos operacionais da escola de enfermagem da USP) Greco R.M., Machado de Queiros V., da Rocha Gomes J., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.59-75. 26 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: This study was undertaken at the São Paulo University Nursing School (EEUSP), in order to identify the working hazards of general services staff at EEUSP. It is based on the perception of their actual work processes. Considering the elements of the work process, physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychological loads were analysed. It is concluded that the most frequent and relevant loads are psychological and mechanical in nature, due to the way the work is organized, as well as to the equipment and instruments used by the operational technicians at EEUSP. (76513)
CIS 01-453 Exposures and occupational hazards of temporary workers - The SUMER 94 survey. (French: Expositions et risques professionnels des intérimaires - Enquête SUMER 94) Heran Le Roy O., Sandret N., Médecine et travail, June 1999, No.2 (180), p.30-32. Illus. (In French) Internet: A total of 682 temporary employees participated in the SUMER 94 survey, of whom 80% were blue collar workers. Temporary workers are exposed to significant joint and posture constraints associated with repetitive movements executed at high speed and are at higher risk of developing cumulative trauma disorders. The overall risk however is not different for temporary workers when compared to other workers. (76439)
CIS 01-454 Research to standardize exercice tests for early detection on respiratory and cardio-respiratory impairments in coal and steel workers of the ECSC. Serra R., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. vi, 244p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: This document presents the results of the research on exercise tests for the early detection of respiratory and cardio-respiratory impairments in coal and steel workers, the aim of the project beeing to investigate the possibility of defining basic, practical criteria for a homogenous utilization of the methods in different laboratories. Tests were performed on steel and coal workers and control groups, who performed exercises on a bicycle ergometer. Lung function parameters, blood pressure and electrocardiometric measurements were conducted. A computer-controlled device simulating ventilatory volumes and different values for VO2-VCO2 was also tested. (76384)
CIS 01-455 Risks and dangers in small-scale fisheries: An overview. Ben-Yami M., International Labour Office (ILO), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, Aug. 2000. ix, 60p. 37 ref., ISBN 92-2-111984-X (In English) Internet: The majority of persons involved in small-scale and artisanal fishing work in the informal sector and therefore do not have access to occupational safety and health services available to other types of workers. This report focusses on the risks and dangers in small-scale and artisanal fisheries. It reviews working conditions, typical risks and dangers, safety approaches in developed and developing countries, accidents associated with the marine environment, navigation and fishing operations, problems associated with boat design and construction as well as other risks and dangers. The influence of fishery management systems and economic factors, wars, pirates and other hostile acts are addressed. All these issues are evaluated and recommendations for action in several areas are made. (76372)
CIS 01-456 Fatal injuries in farming, forestry and horticulture - 1999-2000. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. v, 54p. Illus. (In English) Internet: This is a report on the 44 reportable fatal injuries occurring in the agricultural sector (comprising farming, forestry and horticulture and associated industries) in Great Britain from April 1999 to March 2000. Statistical data are given by region, by main activity in the agricultural sector and by accident cause. Short descriptions of each fatal accident are provided. An analysis of the trend of fatal and non fatal injuries for the period 1986/87 to 1998/99 and case studies showing what went wrong and how the accident could have been avoided are presented. Previous report: see CIS 00-143. (76376)
CIS 01-457 Approaches to labour inspection in forestry - Problems and solutions. ILO Sectoral Activities Programme, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2000. viii, 112p. 37 ref., ISBN 92-2-112181-X (In English) Internet: Forestry is among the industries with the highest rates of accident frequency and severity throughout the world. However, the rates are higher in developing countries than in industrial countries. Forestry work can result in serious injuries, due to unfavourable terrain, weather conditions, inadequate tools or machines, or poor planning and organization. Hands and legs are mostly exposed. Accidents are less frequent and less serious in sylvicultural activities. Main health hazards: physically heavy work inducing musculoskeletal complaints, whole body vibration, repetitive movements, noise, hand-arm vibration and intoxication due to the chemicals. Young and older workers, women and non permanent and clandestine workers are more susceptible to accident and health risks in forestry. Preventive measures such as safe equipment, safe working methods, periodic medical examinations, ergonomic approaches and training are required. (76357)
CIS 01-458 Review and assessment of the procedures for dealing with hung-up and windblown trees. Dewar J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Feb. 2000. iv, 22p. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1738-6 (In English) Internet: This booklet examines the hazards encountered in the forest industry when dealing with logging hung-up and windblown trees, recommends rules and describes safety measures and training requirements. The need for clear procedures is pointed out, the extra time and effort needed for dealing with hung-up and windblown trees are estimated. With a questionnaire submitted to contractors and managers it was possible to identify the reasons why appropriate equipment and methods were not being adopted by the industry. (76538)
CIS 01-459 NIOSH program of mining research - A summary of mining research in progress 1998. Wagner G.R., Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1998. ii, 84p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: Description of the NIOSH programme of mine safety and health research for 1998 in two laboratories working to develop coordinated programmes to address issues in the mining industries (metal, non metal, surface, underground and coal mining). Main research fields: mining injury and disease prevention; catastrophic failure detection and prevention; surveillance of mine safety hazards; hearing loss and prevention; disaster prevention; dust and toxic substance control. (76373)
CIS 01-460 Injuries, illnesses, and hazardous exposures in the mining industry, 1986-1995: A surveillance report. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, May 2000. xi, 141p. Illus. 10 ref. (In English) Internet: This report summarizes data on work-related fatal and non-fatal injuries, occupational illnesses and hazardous exposures in the U.S. mining industry for the period 1986-1995. Injury data are given by mining sector (coal, metal, nonmetal, stone, and sand and gravel), by occupation, by accident cause and by type of injury. (76375)
CIS 01-461 Child labour in small-scale mines in Niger: Cases in natron, salt and gypsum mines, and on gold panning sites. (French: Le travail des enfants dans les petites exploitations minières du Niger: cas des sites de natron, de sel, de gypse et d'orpaillage) Alfa S., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1999. iv, 50p. Illus. 7 ref., ISBN 92-2-211721-2 (In French) Internet: This ILO working document presents an analysis of the current situation of child labour in the informal small-scale mining sector in Niger. The extraction of natron, salt, gypsum and gold, where children account for over 50% of the workforce, is described. Poverty is the main cause of child labour, and this can only be alleviated over the long term. However, there is a short-term need to stop some of the worst forms of child labour through law enforcement and with the help of international governmental and non-governmental organizations. (76429)
CIS 01-462 Mortality of British steel workers over an extended follow-up period. Hutchinson P.A., Cowie H.A., Donnan P.T., Hurley J.F., Taylor C.F., Pilkington A., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. 6, xvii, 75p. Illus. 23 ref. (In English) Internet: This study analyses the deaths from 1974 to 1993 in a cohort of 17,718 steelworkers employed for 10 years or more in the early 1970s. Deaths in the study group were compared with those expected based on death rates among the general population of the same age, in the same regions and over the same time-period. There were overall 6,006 deaths (79% of the general population death rates). Deaths due to cancer, non-malignant respiratory diseases (including bronchitis and emphysema) and all cancers were not higher than those in the general population. There was no evidence of higher death rates from heart disease in younger workers. In specific occupations, however, such as working with blast furnaces and sinters, higher death rates from particular causes were found. Summaries in French, German and Italian. (76383)
CIS 01-463 Technical control of nuisances and pollution at the place of work and in the environment of iron and steelworks - Final report and Summary report of studies completed on 31 May 1994. Deckers B., Josis C., Klein F., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1998. 2 vols. (114p.+104p.). Illus. Price: EUR 13.50 each., ISBN 92-828-2400-4, ISBN 92-828-2406-3 (In English) Internet: The strategic objectives of this research programme on the control of nuisance and pollution at the place of work and in the environment of iron and steelworks conducted between 1984 and 1994 were to: support directives, regulations, action programmes, protocols of agreements and international agreements concerning industrial hygiene and protection of the environment in the European Union; to promote cleaner manufacturing technologies in the ECSC industries; to enhance the cost efficiency and reliability of measures to clean up workplaces and end-of-pipe techniques for purifying effluent; to combat transfer of pollution from one environment to another. Summary reports of 68 research projects funded by the programme are included. (76389)
CIS 01-464 Occupational safety and health in the construction industry: Case of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. (Spanish: Seguridad y salud en el trabajo de construcción: el caso de Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú) López-Valcárcel A., International Labour Office (ILO), ed., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2000. 136p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-2-311621-X (In Spanish) Internet: This document analyses occupational safety and health conditions in the construction industry in the Andean region, i.e. in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. For each country, it provides the general characteristics of the industry, describes the legislative and regulatory framework as regards occupational safety and health, evaluates the level of protective measures in the area of safety and health in this industry and includes recommendations for the improvement of safety and health. (76475)
CIS 01-465 Examples of effective workforce involvement in health and safety in the chemical industry. Alder A., Tipping A., Meldrum A., Brazabon P., Wright M., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. vii, 91p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1847-1 (In English) Internet: The aim of this study was to identify the key features of effective workforce involvement in health and safety in the chemical industry in Great Britain and to develop a series of case studies. It analyses how a number of leading firms introduce workforce involvement and tangible and intangible benefits in terms of safety and health performance. Examples of employee involvement in the following domains are given: continuous improvement teams; process hazard analysis; development of training packages; risk assessment; hazard spotting; employee driven safety performance improvement; employees suggestions scheme; review of operating procedure; contractors management; equipment review and design; monitoring of safety programs. (76367)
CIS 01-466 European downstream oil industry safety performance - Statistical summary of reported incidents - 1998. Martin D.E., CONCAWE, Madouplein, 1210 Brussels, Belgium, July 1999. iv, 15p. Illus. 4 ref. (In English) Internet: This report includes safety statistics for the year 1998 concerning the refining and distribution activities notified by 27 companies, which account for 90% of European refining capacity. Overall, the reported hours worked by company employees and contractors were approximately 470 million. The average Lost Workday Injury Frequency (LWIF) was 4.5, similar to those of previous years which ranged from 4.0 to 4.7. Statistics are also provided for injury severity, injury frequency, road accidents and fatalities. Despite the intrinsic hazards of the materials and the operations carried out, the level of accidents is low when compared to other industries in Europe. (76470)
CIS 01-467 Preventive industrial medicine in slaughterhouses and meat processing plants. (German: Medizinischer Arbeitsschutz in Schlachthöfen und fleischverarbeitenden Betrieben) Selbig M., Kaufmann O., Sächsisches Landesinstitut für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Reichsstrasse 39, 09112 Chemnitz, Germany, Nov. 1999. iii, 34p. Illus. (In German) Internet: Inspections by industrial physicians of the medical services performed in 118 meat retailers with their own meat processing facilities and 12 larger slaughterhouses in the German state (Land) of Saxony showed that 70% of these enterprises had an industrial physician or used an external physician to perform the medical examinations required by law. However, among the 21 small enterprises having their own industrial physician, only six complied with the German occupational health and safety act of 1996 (CIS 97-352) requiring that hazard analyses be performed at the various workplaces. In 42 of the enterprises, safety officers had been appointed while 61 enterprises used the services of external safety specialists. Only about half the enterprises had appropriately-trained first-aid personnel. Adequate protective equipment was available in 93% of the enterprises. Barrier creams for skin protection were provided in 22 of the 65 enterprises where the processing is conducted under wet conditions. (76336)
CIS 01-468 Study of occupational hazards in the graphic arts. (French: Etude de nuisances dans l'industrie graphique) Barbotin B., Delaporte L., Duval J.M., Henry J.L., Lahitte A., Le Guilly H., Marquet R., Pladys P., Association interentreprises de médecine du travail, 9, pl. du Général-Kœnig, 35000 Rennes, [ca. 1990]. 143p. Illus. 35 ref. (In French) Internet: This study of occupational hazards in graphic arts was conducted by a group of occupational physicians. It provides a survey of the techniques and work tasks associated with different kinds of traditional and modern printing and binding technologies, together with the corresponding industrial hazards. Relevant French legislation is summarized, with particular attention to the laws and regulations relating to exposure to organic solvents and lead. Statistics are also given for occupational diseases and accidents in the sector in France. (76370)
CIS 01-469 Caring for elderly people. (French: Le travail d'aide aux personnes âgées) Centre Interservices de Santé et de Médecine du travail en Entreprise (CISME), 31 rue Médéric, 75832 Paris Cedex 17, France, Apr. 1999. xvii, 140p. Illus. 31 ref., ISBN 2-85525-344-6 (In French) Internet: This report is based on a questionnaire survey aimed at investigating how employees of retirement homes and home care assistants for elderly people perceive their own working conditions, mental and physical workload, and state of health. Results indicate that women predominate in this activity. Heath problems are generally due to physical strains and organizational factors. The need for appropriate training, especially of those who care for the dying, is emphasized. (76407)
CIS 01-470 Occupational health in central government administration: Austria, Spain, France, United Kingdom. (French: La santé au travail dans la fonction publique centrale: Autriche, Espagne, France, Royaume-Uni) Vogel L., TUTB Observatory on the Application of European Directives, European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety, Boulevard du roi Albert II 5, Bte 5, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1999. 59p. 38 ref. Price BEF 800.00., ISBN 2-930003-30-8 (fr), ISBN 2-930003-31-6 (En) (In English, French) Internet: The Framework Directive (see CIS 89-1401) of the European Communities, which sets minimum rules for the organization of safety and health in the workplace, does not distinguish between private sector workers and different categories of public sector employees. The European Trade Union Technical Bureau (TUTB), jointly with the European Public Service Union (EPSU), examined the degree of transposition of the Framework Directive in the government services of four countries: Austria, Spain, France and the UK. It was found that in these four countries the state is still inclined to see itself as a case apart, standing selectively outside the rules of ordinary law. This has led to various failings and delays in transposing the Framework Directive. Practical implementation has been fraught with problems, glaring shortcomings in inspection and enforcement and inadequate arrangements for preventive services and staff representation in matters of health and safety. (76537)
CIS 01-471 A qualification strategy for employers and employees in small-scale construction enterprises with a view to improving occupational safety and health. (German: Qualifizierungsstrategie für Unternehmer und Beschäftigte in Kleinbetrieben des Baubereichs zur Verbesserung des Arbeitsschutzes) Hamacher W., Kliemt G., Voullaire E., Wienhold L., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. 388p. Illus. 199 ref., ISBN 3-89701-340-1 (In German) Internet: Literature reviews, interviews and existing training activities were evaluated in order to develop approaches for an improved communication of information and motivation in matters of safety and health. A basic requirement is that of integrating such topics in all fields of company activity. Existing regional technical and organizational training institutions should be included and multiplier models used. This guidance document is aimed at small construction firms, the management of which is often insufficiently qualified to tackle health and safety issues. It provides a systematic overview of the methods of teaching and learning, of the target groups, and of the topics (in ten groups, covering such items as responsibility, management, organization, instruction, the handling of hazardous materials, teaching aids, and the hazards encountered in building activities). Summaries in English and French. (76445)
CIS 01-472 A success factor: The equipment in the call centre. (German: Erfolgsfaktor Einrichtung im Callcenter) Schubert P., Eisfeller G., Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany, 1999. 102p. Illus. 19 ref., ISBN 3-421-03233-5 (In German) Internet: Based on surveys of employees and customers, this report examines the advantages, types, uses, working conditions and workplace design of call centres. The combination of the telephone and the computer has generally led to improved customer service. The telephone is preferred over other methods of communication by the majority of customers. The computer readily provides the information necessary to answer customer queries quickly. By 2001, call centres will provide 140,000 to 200,000 jobs in Germany. They are being used by retailers, mail-order houses, banks, consumer products industries, insurances, telecommunication companies and travel agencies for taking orders, dealing with complaints, providing information and promoting sales. The majority of workers in call centres like their job, but many of them work more than six hours per day in front of the VDU. Based on the survey, some ergonomic recommendations are made. (76337)
CIS 01-473 Manual handling in the catering industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Apr. 2000. 2p. 4 ref. (In English) Internet: Almost one fifth of reportable accidents involving persons who work in the catering industry are caused my manual handling. Aimed at employers and self-employed persons in the catering industry, this information sheet offers guidance on practical measures to reduce the risks of injury. Topics covered: United Kingdom legislation; risk factors, including tasks, loads, working environment and clothing; practical measures to control risk, including avoiding manual tasks, using mechanical aids, re-designing individual tasks, making loads easier to handle and improving workplace conditions; information and training. (76461)
CIS 01-474 Welding consumables - Determination of moisture resistance of manual metal arc welding electrodes by measurement of diffusible hydrogen. (French: Produits consommables pour le soudage - Détermination de la reprise d'humidité des électrodes utilisées en soudage manuel à l'arc avec électrode enrobée, par mesurage de l'hydrogène diffusible) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iv, 4p. Illus. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard describes a test method to enable reliable classification, by 24h exposure to humid air and subsequent diffusible hydrogen testing, of manual metal arc electrode coatings as being standard (ST) or moisture resistant (MR). (76380)
CIS 01-475 A guide to the Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations [Singapore]. Department of Industrial Safety, Ministry of Manpower, 18 Havelock Road 03-02, Singapore 059764, Republic of Singapore, 1999. 31p. (In English) Internet: This guide provides a detailed outline of the responsibilities employers, owners and contractors in shipbuilding and ship repairing resulting from Singapore's 1994 Factories (Shipbuilding and Ship-repairing) Regulations (see CIS 95-10, amendments in CIS 00-12). Main topics covered: notification of work; safety supervision and coordination functions; workplace safety; electrical safety; hazardous work; safety training; permit-to-work systems; control of hazardous materials; shift handing-over procedures; welding and cutting; scaffolds; lifts; cranes; derricks; safety management systems and audits; work in closed spaces. (76536)
CIS 01-476 Renovation of apartment buildings - A practical guide. (French: Réhabilitation des immeubles collectifs - Guide pratique) Organisme professionnel de prévention des risques du bâtiment et des travaux publics (OPPBTP), Service Expédition du Comité National de l'OPPBTP, av. Denis Papin, 45800 Saint-Jean de Braye, France, 1994. 96p. Illus. Price: FRF 105.00., ISBN 2-7354-0231-2 (In French) Internet: This information sheet treats the principal safety issues arising during the renovation of multi-story buildings (essentially, apartment buildings) in France. Contents: definitions; accident hazards; preliminary survey of the actual state of the building; identification of structural and other hazards; preparation of renovation work; maintenance of stability during the work; particular hazards of demolition and earthmoving work; foundation and other underground work. In annex: recommendations of the National Technical Commissions of the Construction Industry and Public Works concerning safety during work on existing buildings. (76412)
CIS 01-477 Safety and health in chemical laboratories. (Dutch: Veiligheid en hygiëne in chemische laboratoria; French: Sécurité et hygiène dans les laboratoires de chimie) Federaal Ministerie van Tewekstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, June 1999. 23p. 1 ref. (In Dutch, French) Internet: This booklet addresses the general safety and health measures applying to chemical laboratories. It describes the main hazards (explosion, fire, violent reaction, health hazards, chemical and thermal burns, frostbite, electrocution, ionizing radiation), accompanied by prevention measures for each hazard. (76410)
CIS 01-478 Maintenance priorities in catering. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Apr. 2000. 4p. 10 ref. (In English) Internet: This information note is aimed as persons responsible for managing the maintenance of equipment and premises in catering; it highlights priority areas based on accident experience. Main topics covered: accidents due to poor maintenance; management of maintenance; different types of maintenance (cleaning, routine checks, planned maintenance, breakdown maintenance, inspections and tests); hygiene measures for food safety. (76499)
CIS 01-479 Health and safety in municipal water purification plants. (French: Hygiène et sécurité dans les stations d'épuration des collectivités locales) Direction de l'Eau et de la Prévention des Pollutions et des Risques, Mission Administrative de Neuilly, Régisseur d'Avances et de Recettes, 14, blvd. du Général Leclerc, 92524 Neuilly sur Seine Cedex, France, 1989. 55p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: FRF 150.00., ISBN 084896-0 (In French) Internet: Guidance document to prevention measures in water purification plants. The nature of work (operations and maintenance) performed in these plants is outlined. The principal hazards are specified: hazards during normal operations and during maintenance work (falls and slips, hazards caused by moving machinery and equipment, fire and explosion risks, exposure to corrosive and/or toxic substances, noise and odours, electrical hazards, risks of infection). The three main approaches to prevention are given: safety by design, collective protection, personal protection. General recommendations: provision of information; institution of preventive measures (against mechanical hazards, hazards of falls and slips, fires and explosions, infections and exposures to toxic substances, hazards of maintenance) and provision of personal protective equipment. Special recommendations: prohibition of access for the public; minimum dimensions of passageways; requirements for work locales (lighting, hygiene, changing rooms, laboratories); specifications for manholes, hatches and other openings, passageways, staircases, ladders, basins etc.; general external lighting; protection against noise; heating, air-conditioning and ventilation; electrical safety. An overview of relevant French legislation is given. In annex: examples of recent safety and health related work in French water purification plants, with prices and work details. (76350)
CIS 01-480 Safety signs in the catering industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Aug. 2000. 3p. Illus. 5 ref. (In English) Internet: This information sheet presents the safety signs the catering premises need to display depending on the risks present. Main safety signs that are required are: wet floors; storage of harmful chemicals; fire exit signs; fire fighting signs; first aid location; gas pipes and LPG cylinder stores; fragile roofs. Commercially bought and self-made signs should comply with the Health and Safety (Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996 (see CIS 96-392). Catering establishments should check their existing signs to ensure that they are correct, suitably located, clean and durable and that the lighting of illuminated signs is regularly checked. (76411)
CIS 01-481 Ergonomic visual display fonts. (German: Bildschirmschriften ergonomisch) Fricke W., Computer Fachwissen für Betriebs- und Personalräte, Mar. 2000, Vol.9, No.3, p.27-30. Illus. (In German) Internet: Resolution and size of the characters of different fonts available on most computers have been optimized for good legibility in documents printed by high-resolution ink-jet or laser printers. Also, choices with regard to character size, font, line spaces and format for a text being typed into the computer are made with the printed version of the text in mind. As a result, the text is not optimized for legiblity on the VDU screen. It is recommended to retain a wider spacing between lines, a character size of 12 or 14 points and a left-aligned format up to the final editing step. For computers using mandatory company-specific fonts which might not be screen-optimized, a software programme called "delta-hinting" is available which automatically adjusts the selected format to optimum legibility on the VDU screen regardless of the printed format. (76338)
CIS 01-482 Implementation in enterprises of the Ordinance on VDU Use at Work. Collective agreements and methods for assessing working conditions with visual display units. (German: Integration der Bildschirmarbeitsverordnung in die betriebliche Praxis - Betriebsvereinbarungen und Methoden zur Beurteilung der Arbeitsbedingungen an Bildschirmgeräten) Eisfeller G., Lorenz D., Schubert P., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. 108p. Illus. 118 ref., ISBN 3-89701-334-7 (In German) Internet: The rising proportion of work tasks carried out with visual display units (VDUs) contributes to the increasing incidence of musculoskeletal disease, stress and impairment of visual faculties. This report examines the practical implementation of the German Ordinance on VDU Use at Work. In a questionnaire sent to 200 companies and answered by 137, it was found that only 29 had a collaborative agreement on the organization of VDU work, and that the aims and requirements of the underlying health and safety regulations had not been taken into account. With the help of check lists and flow diagrammes, this booklet gives detailed advice as to how risks must be assessed and workplaces and work schedules designed to reduce risks. As an example, frequent short breaks are recommended. (76443)
CIS 01-483 Visual display units - Guide to a methodological approach for occupational physicians. (French: Les écrans de visualisation - Guide méthodologique pour le médecin du travail) Cail F., Cnockaert J.C., Méreau P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 4th ed., Dec. 1998. 83p. Illus. 21ref., ISBN 2-85599-477-2 (In French) Internet: The new working environments resulting from the spread of information technology require an understanding of the problems of visual load, workplace layout and task organization. This guide is aimed at helping occupational physicians avoid or correct situations likely to give rise to physical or mental health problems among operators working on visual display units. Contents include: basic concepts of visual fatigue; display of information; the physical environment; postural constraints; psychological factors; aptitude testing; medical follow-up. Replaces CIS 85-981. (76456)
CIS 01-484 Display screen equipment work. Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 - Guidance on Regulations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., 2000. iii, 45p. Illus. 19 ref. Price: GBP 5.75., ISBN 0-7176-0410-1 (In English) Internet: This booklet provides guidance on the Health and Safety (Display Screen) Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-24), which came into force on 1 January 1993, and which implement Directive 90/270/EEC of 29 May 1990 (CIS 90-1069). Contents: type of equipment and categories of workers covered by the Regulations; analysis of workstations to assess and reduce risks associated with postural and visual problems, fatigue and stress; requirements for workstations (equipment, environment, interface between computer and user); daily work routine of users; eyes and eyesight (eyesight and vision screening tests and provision of corrective appliances); provision of training; provision of information; exemption certificates. Annexes include guidance on workstation minimum requirements and possible health effects of display screen equipment. Replaces CIS 93-543. (76364)
CIS 01-485 Continuous filaments replace WHO fibres. (German: Endlosfasern lösen WHO-Fasern ab) Übelmesser P., Wassenberg M., Chemie-Anlagen und Verfahren, May 1999, Vol.32, No.5, p.28-30. Illus. (In German) Internet: WHO fibres are fibres defined by the World Health Organization as having a diameter of less than 3µm, a length of more than 5µm, and an aspect ratio greater than 3. These respirable fibres are classified as carcinogenic. Man-made mineral fibres such as glass wool, rock and slag wool as well as refractory ceramic fibres have the potential of fracturing into respirable carcinogenic fibres with diameters as defined by the WHO. Various kinds of continuous glass filaments are presented as replacement for respirable carcinogenic ceramic fibres. They are of less widespread availability but can be custom-tailored or selected for many demanding applications. (76487)
CIS 01-486 Allergologically relevant rubber accelerators in single-use medical gloves. Knudsen B.B., Hametner C., Seycek O., Heese A., Koch H.U., Peters K.P., Contact Dermatitis, July 2000, Vol.43, No.1, p.9-15. 25 ref. (In English) Internet: Quantitative measurements of the residual amounts of rubber accelerators are needed to assist sensitized patients and consumers in selecting gloves. The aim of the study was to develop an analytical method by which rubber accelerators could be determined qualitatively and quantitatively. 19 different brands of single-use medical gloves were analysed for residual content of rubber accelerators, and the results were compared to manufacturers' claims. ZDEC, ZDBC, ZMBT and ZPC were the most frequently detected chemicals. Both phosphate buffer and acetone were tested as extraction media. No accelerators were detectable with the described chemical analysis in phosphate extracts, whereas acetone was demonstrated to be a technically suitable medium for extraction. However, further kinetic studies of the extraction procedure and skin penetration are needed to document that the extraction procedure simulates the clinical situation. (76302)
CIS 01-487 Toxicokinetics of 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine in hydrolysed urine and plasma after occupational exposure to 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate. Lind P., Dalene M., Skarping G., Hagmar L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.94-99. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) Internet: To assess the toxicokinetics of 2,4- and 2,6- toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in chronically exposed subjects, blood and urine from 11 Swedish workers at two flexible foam polyurethane production plants were sampled. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diamine (TDA) were measured as pentafluoropropionic anhydride derivatives after acidic hydrolysis of plasma (P-TDA, ng/mL) and urine (U-TDA, µg/h). Concentrations of P-2,4-TDA and P-2,6-TDA, and urinary elimination rates of 2,4-TDA and 2,6-TDA before and after holiday periods are reported for each of the plants. The half-life in plasma of chronically exposed workers for 2,4- and 2,6-TDA was twice as long as for volunteers with short term exposure. An indication of a two-phase elimination pattern in urine was found. The first phase was related to the more recent exposure and the much slower second phase was probably related to release of TDA in urine from TDI adducts in the body. (76344)
CIS 01-488 Sampling and determination of chlorine dioxide by specific trapping: Development of a method applicable to workplace atmospheres. (French: Prélèvement et dosage du dioxyde de chlore par piégeage spécifique: mise au point d'une méthode applicable aux ambiances de travail) Oury V., Peltier A., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, Note No.2081-172-98, p.233-242. Illus. 20 ref. (In French) Internet: Laboratory tests led to the selection of a chlorine dioxide trapping method that makes workplace measurements easier: the sampling filter is impregnated with triethanolamine, with immediate desorption of the filter in water. The resulting solution can be analysed up to three or four weeks later, by ion exchange chromatography. This sampling method has been made available to the occupational risk prevention departments of the French regional health insurance funds, which are required to monitor work stations where chlorine dioxide is used as a disinfectant. The method may also be used in the presence of other chlorine derivatives, by adding specific traps. (76421)
CIS 01-489 Comparing levels of o-cresol and hippuric acid in the urine of workers exposed to toluene. (Portuguese: Comparação dos níveis de orto-cresol e ácido hipúrico na urina de trabalhadores expostos ao tolueno) Alvarez-Leite E.M., Coelho André Amorim L., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, 1999, Vol.25, No.95/96, p.45-57. Illus. 33 ref. (In Portuguese) Internet: Toluene is an aromatic solvent widely used in the manufacturing process of many products such as glue, thinners and paints. Its neurotoxicity is the main risk factor to workers' heath, therefore the use of control and evaluation measures of occupational exposure is essential. Toluene absorbed by workers is oxidized into aromatic compounds, including o-cresol, which has been suggested as a preferred biological indicator for exposure to toluene. The fact that o-cresol is not found in significant amounts in the urine of non-exposed individuals is a great advantage over hippuric acid as an indicator. This study focused on comparing the levels of o-cresol and hippuric acid in urine samples of individuals occupationally exposed to toluene in three industrial activities (shoe manufacturing, metalworking and printing) with those of an unexposed control group. Results indicate that further research is necessary to validate o-cresol as an biomarker for exposure to toluene. (76512)
CIS 01-490 Main toxicological hazards in the ceramic, glass, wood and tanning and fur industries. (Spanish: Principales riesgos toxicológicos de las industrias: cerámica, del vidrio, madera, y curtido y peletería) Sanz-Gallén P., Ribas Deix O., Nogué Xarau S., Prevención, July-Sep. 2000, No.153, p.40-47. Illus. 12 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: The main hazards facing various industries are reviewed. In the brick and tile industry, components of clays and varnishes and kiln emissions give rise in particular to lung diseases, dermatitis and lead or arsenic poisoning. Health hazards in the glass industry include silicosis, asbestosis, burns and acute lung oedema, lung or nasal cavity cancer, contact dermatitis and poisoning (from lead, other metals and arsenic). In woodworking, wood dust, wood preservatives, varnishes and resins can give rise to contact dermatitis, respiratory diseases whether allergic or not, conjunctivitis and rhinitis, and lung, nasal cavity or scrotum cancers. In the tanning and fur industries, the hazards result primarily from exposure to mineral, vegetal or synthetic tannins which can give rise to contact dermatitis, perforation of the nasal septum, respiratory diseases or neoplasms of the nasal cavities, the lungs and the bladder. (76522)
CIS 01-491 Pesticides: Neurotoxicity and heath surveillance. (Spanish: Plaguicidas: Neurotoxicidad y vigilancia de la salud) de la Iglesia Huerta A., Delgado Cobos P., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.8, p.4-14. Illus. 50 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Spain is the fifth largest consumer of crop protection products in Europe, of which 80% are organophosphorus compounds. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this class of compounds is described. The most important mode of poisoning is through skin absorption, while ingestion is mainly by accident or a result of poor hygiene, and inhalation risk is a function of the products' volatility. The immediate effects of poisoning are muscarinic and nicotinic effects, as well as neurological effects. Neurotoxic effects may be delayed, and can appear several days or weeks after the poisoning. For this reason, regular medical checks and biological monitoring are necessary, in particular the determination of plasmatic acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase, and the detection of possible urinary metabolites, in order to evaluate exposure. Use of the Peradeniya scale, which assigns ratings to five organophosphorus poisoning symptoms, enables the determination of the severity of the poisoning. (76524)
CIS 01-492 4 cases of photocontact dermatitis due to ketoprofen. Sugiura M., Hayakawa R., Kato Y., Sugiura K., Ueda H., Contact Dermatitis, July 2000, Vol.43, No.1, p.16-19. Illus. 11 ref. (In English) Internet: Four cases of photocontact dermatitis due to ketoprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug derived from propionic acid are reported. All 4 cases developped dermatitis on the areas where strips containing ketoprofen had been applied when exposed to sunlight. A skin biopsy was carried out to examine the amount of ketoprofen in the eruptive skin. Cross-reactions between tiaprofenic acid, suprofen and ketoprofen were highlighted by patch and photopatch testing. Vehicles of patients' medicaments were negative in all 4 cases. After covering their eruptions with sunblock creams for around 3 months the patients did not develop eruptions again. (76303)
CIS 01-493 The trend of nickel allergy from a Scottish tertiary referral centre. Dawn G., Gupta G., Forsyth A., Contact Dermatitis, July 2000, Vol.43, No.1, p.27-30. Illus. 28 ref. (In English) Internet: To analyse the change in trend of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from nickel in a specialized medical centre, 800 and 860 patients were patch tested in 1982 and 1997, respectively. The frequency of positive reactions to nickel was 16% in 1982 and 22% in 1997. The commonest age of onset in 1982 was in the 11-20 year age group while in 1997, this was 1 decade later. In 1997, a much higher female preponderance (F:M=13:1) was observed than in 1982 (F:M=6:1). The rate of atopy in patients with nickel ACD showed an increase from 23% in 1982 to 33% in 1997. Nickel was considered to be a contributory factor in 27% of patients in 1982 and 24% patients in 1997. The most common occupations were hairdressing in 1982 and nursing in 1997. In 1997 a massive increase in the number of patients showing positive reactions to other allergens in addition to nickel was observed. In both years, the hands were the main sites of involvement. However, in 1997 there was an increase in the number of patients presenting with face and neck involvement. (76304)
CIS 01-494 Occupational protein contact dermatitis from fruits. Gala Ortiz G., Condé-Salazar L., Guimaraens D., de la Hoz C., Cuevas Agustin M., Contact Dermatitis, July 2000, Vol.43, No.1, p.43. 9 ref. (In English) Internet: Case description of an atopic 17-year-old male smoker, who had been working as a kitchen assistant for one year, handling various types of food, mainly fruit, potato, garlic and onion. Three months prior to consultation, he had developed pruritus on his hands which caused scratching. On examination, he had eczema on the fingers, backs of the hands and both wrists. He noted an increase in pruritus after handling fruits (mostly apples, oranges, pears and peaches), and vegetables (potatoes, garlic and onions). He also reported the appearance of weals on the wrists after handling melons. On prick-by-prick testing, positive reactions were obtained to a series of fruits. In a rub test, only peach skin was positive. Specific IgE was detected for profillin. (76305)
CIS 01-495 Haematological and spermatotoxic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in copper clad laminate factories. Shih T.S., Hsieh A.T., Liao G.D., Chen Y.H., Liou S.H., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.348-352. 18 ref. (In English) Internet: Impregnation workers from factories using ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) as a solvent were evaluated for haematological and reproductive effects together with a control group with indirect exposure to EGME. Results showed that the haemoglobin, packed cell volume and red blood cell count among exposed male workers were significantly lower than among controls. The frequency of anaemia in the exposed group was also significantly higher (26.1% vs. 3.2%). The red blood cell count was negatively associated with air concentrations of EGME, and haemoglobin, packed cell volume and red blood cell count were negatively associated with urinary concentrations of methoxyacetic acid. The pH of semen in the exposed workers was lower than that of controls, but there were no significant differences in sperm count or morphology. (76319)
CIS 01-496 Hydrocarbons may worsen renal function in glomerulonephritis: A meta-analysis of the case-control studies. Ravnskov U., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.599-606. Illus. 38 ref. (In English) Internet: The association between stage of glomerulonephritis and degree of previous hydrocarbon exposure was studied by a meta-analysis of all published case-control studies and by reviewing all follow-up studies. Odds ratios (OR) for exposure could be calculated for 16 patient groups from 14 case-control studies. After exclusion of four patient groups with 5-17% drop-outs due to death, the mean weighted OR for patient groups with acute or early glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure and end-stage renal failure were 0.95, 3.1 and 5.9, respectively. At follow-up, reported in four studies, renal failure was mainly seen in patients with extensive exposure, and improvement was seen only in patients who had discontinued the exposure. In conclusion, hydrocarbon exposure in glomerulonephritis is associated with the advancement of the disease and inversely associated with renal function. Early elimination of the exposure may, therefore, prevent the progress of renal failure in many patients. (76322)
CIS 01-497 Increase in airway hyperresponsiveness among workers exposed to methylene diphenyldiisocyanate compared to workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a petrochemical plant in Korea. Jang A.S., Choi I.S., Koh Y.I., Moon J.D., Lee K.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.663-667. Illus. 29 ref. (In English) Internet: To investigate airway hyperresponsiveness induced by methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), questionnaires, allergic skin test results and nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) test results were studied in 64 exposed workers and 27 controls at a petrochemical complex in the Republic of Korea. Methacholine challenge tests were done, and the Bronchial Responsiveness Index (BRindex) calculated. Prevalence of AHR was higher in MDI-exposed workers than in TDI-exposed workers (20% vs. 4.7%). 23 workers of all subjects had respiratory symptoms. MDI-exposed workers had higher BRindex (0.73 vs. 0.62 for controls). Workers exposed to TDI or MDI with respiratory symptoms, in comparison with exposed workers without respiratory symptoms, had a significantly higher BRindex (0.82 vs. 0.60). There was a significant negative correlation between FEV1 and Brindex. Workers exposed to MDI are at a higher risk of asthma in comparison with TDI-exposed workers and control subjects. (76329)
CIS 01-498 Survival in cohorts of asbestos cement workers and controls. Albin M., Horstmann V., Jakobsson K., Welinder H., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.87-93. Illus. 18 ref. (In English) Internet: To measure the impact on survival of being exposed to asbestos cement dust, survival data on 866 asbestos cement workers and 755 controls in Sweden were subjected to regression analysis with age as the basic time variable. The effect of cumulative exposure up to the age of 40 was investigated for 635 asbestos cement workers who had dose estimates. The death risk was higher for the asbestos cement workers than for the controls with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.15. The estimates of the cohort effect were almost unaffected by adjustment for smoking habits. The estimates of the exposure effect rose with increasing dose, and were higher when restricted only to deaths from malignant or nonmalignant respiratory disease. The results indicate that even a moderate asbestos exposure may shorten the median duration of life in an exposed population. However, the estimated death risk from being a former or current smoker was higher than the estimated effect of being an asbestos cement worker. (76343)
CIS 01-499 Incidence of malignant mesothelioma (1977-1996) and exposure to asbestos in a population of a lakeside area (Lake Iseo, Northern Italy). (Italian: Incidenza del mesotelioma maligno (1977-1996) ed esposizione ad amianto nella popolazione di un'area limitrofa al lago d'Iseo, Nord Italia) Barbieri P.G., Migliori M., Merler E., Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1999, Vol.90, No.6, p.762-775. 20 ref. (In Italian) Internet: A 20-year retrospective study of the residents near Lake Iseo, Northern Italy, where most of the work force of two factories was recruited, was undertaken in order to identify the occurrence and possible occupational origin of mesothelioma. A total of 21 cases were identified, 6 (all men) in a factory producing crocidolite and chrysotile ropes and gaskets, 10 (of whom 6 were women) in an adjacent textile factory which were attributed both to pollution by the first factory and to exposure to asbestos dust during frequent fireproofing involving asbestos blankets, and 5 cases among women working in silk factories where exposure was due to the presence of pipes insulated with asbestos. The study concludes that the incidence of mesothelioma is associated with occupational exposure to asbestos and that the occurrence of the disease is more frequent among women. (76433)
CIS 01-500 Effectiveness and comfort of personal protective equipment: Study conducted in 3 surface treatment firms. (French: Efficacité et confort des équipements de protection individuelle: étude réalisée dans 3 entreprises de traitement de surface) Pringalle C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, Note No.2085-172-98, p.283-298. Illus. 5 ref. (In French) Internet: Although the need for wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) is widely recognized within the surface treatment industry as being important, PPE is not always worn due to alleged lack of comfort by some operators. A study was carried out in three firms in this industry in order to compare the PPE traditionally used by the operators and new devices having improved levels of protection, comfort and useful life. As a result of these tests, the firms noted greater operator awareness of risks and a substantial increase in wearing. (76425)
CIS 01-501 Acute effects of passive smoking on the coronary circulation in healthy young adults. Otsuka R., Watanabe H., Hirata K., Tokai K., Muro T., Yoshiyama M., Takeuchi K., Yoshikawa J., Journal of the American Medical Association, 25 July 2001, Vol.286, No.4, p.436-441. Illus. 41 ref. (In English) Internet: Cross-sectional study involving 30 healthy Japanese men (mean age: 27 years; 15 non-smokers and 15 active smokers). Various measures of heart function were taken before and after 30min exposure to environmental (passive) tobacco smoke. Passive smoking did not affect heart rate, blood pressure or basal coronary flow velocity in either group. However, mean coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) was significantly higher in non-smokers than in active smokers before exposure to passive smoking (4.4 vs. 3.6), while this difference disappeared after such exposure (3.4 vs. 3.3). As a lowering of CFVR is an important sign of endothelial dysfunction, this finding provides direct evidence of the harmful effects on the circulatory system of exposure to passive smoking. (76390)
CIS 01-502 Health effects of pesticide use among Indonesian women farmers - Part I: Exposure and acute health effects. Murphy H.H., Sanusi A., Dilts R., Djajadisastra M., Hirschhorn N., Yuliatingsih S., Journal of Agromedicine, 1999, Vol.6, No.3, p.61-85. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Internet: In Indonesia, pesticides are used indiscriminately with very few precautions. In some regions, women are primarily involved in carrying out agricultural tasks. This study examines the different pesticides used in the country, the types of exposure and the signs and symptoms of poisoning among women involved in pesticide spraying, compared to a control group of women not using pesticides. The acute signs and symptoms most frequently observed included tremors, eye irritation, running nose, excessive sweating, dry throat, nausea, chest pain, numbness and fatigue. (76313)
CIS 01-503 Retinal degeneration in licensed pesticide applicators. Kamel F., Boyes W.K., Gladen B.C., Rowland A.S., Alavanja M.C.R., Blair A., Sandler D.P., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.618-628. 20 ref. (In English) Internet: Retinal degeneration is the leading cause of visual impairment in older adults. In a cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in the US, cross-sectional data from self administered questionnaires given at enrollment in 1994-1996 were used to compare pesticide use in 154 applicators who reported retinal degeneration and 17,804 controls. Retinal degeneration was associated with fungicide use (odds ratio = 1.8). This relationship was seen in subgroups defined by state of residence, demographic characteristics and medical history, as well as in the entire group. Risk increased with cumulative days of fungicide use and was greater when application methods involving greater personal exposure were used. Less significant retinal degeneration was also related to use of organochlorine or carbamate insecticides. These results suggest that exposure to some fungicides and insecticides may increase the risk of retinal degeneration. (76324)
CIS 01-504 Exposure of Paris taxi drivers to automobile air pollutants within their vehicles. Zagury E., Le Moullec Y., Momas I., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.56, No.6, p.406-410. Illus. 18 ref. (In English) Internet: In a cross-sectional study of the exposure of Parisian taxi drivers to automobile air pollutants, measurements were made in the vehicles of 29 randomly selected drivers. Carbon monoxide (CO), fine suspended particles according to the black smoke index (BS) and nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) were measured. Results show exposure to relatively high concentrations of pollutants: CO (3.8ppm), BS (168µ/m3), NO (625µ/m3) and NO2 (139µ/m3). For CO, the concentrations were clearly lower than the WHO-recommended threshold values. However, the situation is less satisfactory for the other pollutants, especially for the BS index. All concentrations of pollutants recorded were noticeably higher than concentrations in air recorded by the ambient Parisian air-monitoring network and were close to, or slightly exceeded, the concentrations measured at the fixed stations close to automobile traffic. Results justify a medical follow up of this occupational group. (76309)
CIS 01-505 The use of protective gloves and the prevalence of hand eczema, skin complaints and allergy to natural rubber latex among dental personnel in the county of Uppsala, Sweden. Lindberg M., Silverdahl M., Contact Dermatitis, July 2000, Vol.43, No.1, p.4-8. 27 ref. (In English) Internet: To evaluate the prevalence of acrylate allergy and natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy among dentists, dental nurses and dental hygienists were given a self-administered questionnaire. The most common problem among the 527 respondents was dry skin, fissures and/or itching of the hands. Of the 72 persons reporting to have suffered from hand eczema during the past 12 months, 41 were patch tested. In the patch-tested group, 9.8% reacted to one or more of the acrylates. In addition, 389 persons were tested for NRL allergy with the Pharmacia Upjohn CAP-RAST test, and of these, 7.2% were found to be positive. The prevalence of self-reported hand eczema and the number of positive CAP-RAST tests differed between the 3 occupations, with higher figures for the dentists. There was also a correlation between atopic eczema and hand eczema. Of those reporting skin symptoms, 67.7% associated them with the workplace and 28.8% with the use of gloves. (76301)
CIS 01-506 Hardwood and softwood dust - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, 2000. 43p. 44 ref., ISBN 90-5549-327-9 (In English) Internet: Hardwood dust is a human carcinogen. It can cause sinonasal adenocarcinoma. A meta-analysis suggests that it can induce other tumours, especially nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Softwood is suspected of carcinogenic properties. Epidemiological data suggest that it can cause sinonasal squamous-cell carcinoma. Genotoxicity of wood dusts cannot be tested directly. Tests with the preparations used show genotoxicity for both hard and soft wood. Chronic and semi-chronic exposure leads to inflammation and cytotoxicity, but due to the mixed nature of the dusts it has not been possible to determine whether both dusts can cause these effects. Another unresolved matter is whether wood dust itself or components added or contaminants (preservatives, moulds) are responsible for the effects. Summary in Dutch. (76358)
CIS 01-507 Investigation of the in vivo solubility of fibrous vitreous silica dust samples. (German: Untersuchung der in-vivo-Löslichkeit von glasigen silicatischen Faserstäuben) Bellmann B., Muhle H., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. vii, 65p. Illus. 16 ref., ISBN 3-89701-366-5 (In German) Internet: This research report examines the elimination of mineral fibres from the lungs of rats and the transposition of the results to man. Such fibres disappear either by chemical dissolution or through a macrophage-mediated lung-clearance process, the latter being however much slower in man than in the rat. The objective of this study was to establish whether by slowing down of the lung-clearance process through additional instillation of poorly soluble plastic (such as toner powder), one could alter the mineral fibre dissolution process. The elimination of ceramic fibres was delayed by the addition of plastic particles, while the elimination of rock fibres was not modified. It was observed that in the presence of plastic particles, glass fibres were eliminated more rapidly. This could be due to a slowing down of fibre phagocytosis by macrophages, which could favour a more rapid dissolution of the fibres, the pH inside the macrophages being less acidic. The application of this experimental model will enable a better understanding of the kinetics of lung elimination of different types of mineral fibres. Summaries in English and French. (76444)
CIS 01-508 New medical findings concerning the health effects of summer smog - Computation of the number of deaths caused by summer smog in Germany. (German: Neue medizinische Erkenntnisse über die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen von Sommersmog - Berechnung der durch Sommersmog verursachten Todesfälle in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) Teufel D., Bauer P., Voigt S., Wagner T., UPI-Institut, Handschuhsheimer Landstr. 118a, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany, July 1999. 29p. Illus. 49 ref. Price: DEM 10.00. (In German) Internet: Epidemiological studies conducted in recent years in major cities of 10 countries around the world have attributed an increase in mortality rates to high ozone concentrations. Medical threshold values for ozone as an indicator of summer smog are 90 to 100mg/m3. It was estimated that for 50mg/m3 of additional ozone as a one-hour average, the mortality increases overall by 2.8%, and mortality due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases by 2.1% and 4.0%, respectively. For the same ozone increment, but as an eight-hour average, the corresponding figures are 4.6%, 2.6% and 4.9%. Applying these estimates to the ozone levels measured at 300 stations in Germany between 1990 and 1995, 23,500 deaths were attributable to summer smog during these years. It is recommended to reinforce the current European Union limit of 120mg/m3 and revise it down to 90mg/m3. The current US limit of 240mg/m3 is considered inadequate. (76335)
CIS 01-509 Pesticide incidents - Report 1999/2000. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 2000. 25p. Illus. 5 ref. (In English) Internet: This report provides information on incidents involving pesticides investigated by the Field Operations Directorate of the UK Health and Safety Executive between April 1999 and March 2000. 254 incidents were investigated; 83 of these alleged ill health, while 171 environmental and other complaints did not allege ill health. Trends in the nature of the incidents and types of pesticides used are presented, and 7 case studies of specific incidents are summarized. (76363)
CIS 01-510 Biological indicators of exposure, internal dose, biological effective dose and of early biological effects in coke oven workers exposed to genotoxic compound (PAH). Foà V., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate-General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. 115p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: This study compares a high-risk group of coke-oven workers exposed do PAH with a reference group in order to evaluate the levels of environmental exposure and the biomarkers of internal dose (urinary 1-hydroxyphenol and urinary mutagenicity), of effective dose (DNA and haemoglobin adducts) and of early genomic modifications. Levels of DNA adducts, amino-haemoglobin adducts and sister chromatid exchanges were significantly higher in coke workers and depending on their job, certain categories of workers showed a higher risk. Urinary hypoxypyrene was associated with a high level of DNA adducts; urinary mutagenicity was associated with the amino-fluoranthrene haemoglobin adducts. Smoking was associated with both PAH-DNA and amino-haemoglobin adducts. Summaries in French, German and Italian. (76381)
CIS 01-511 Dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among workers. Van Rooij J.G.M., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. vii, 185p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: This document describes the results of a three-year research project on dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) among occupationally exposed workers. It contains several publications on this topic. The outcome of this research is that the most of the pyrene burden of workers occupationally exposed to PAHs occurs through dermal exposure and not through inhalation. This conclusion seems also valid for benzo(a)pyrene and other PAHs with five benzenoid rings or fewer. Summaries in French, German and Italian. (76387)
CIS 01-512 Skin sensitization testing: Methodological considerations. European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1999. vi, 27p. 52 ref. (In English) Internet: Test methods for the identification of a skin sensitization hazard are reviewed in the context of animal welfare considerations. The guinea pig maximization test and the occluded patch test referred to in OECD guideline 406 (1992) are reconsidered. On the basis of experience, it is recommended to abandon sodium dodecyl sulfate as a positive control and pretreatment substance. The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is recommended as an alternative method that is less severe for animals. In this and in the other tests fewer animals will be needed in order to produce conclusive results. Joint positive control tests between laboratories will also serve to reduce the number of animals needed. (76534)
CIS 01-513 Carbon monoxide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Marketing and Dissemination, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1999. xxiv, 464p. Approx. 800 ref. Index. Price: CHF 96.00 (CHF 67.20 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157213-2 (In English) Internet: The summary of this report highlights the major issues and makes recommendations for further research. The results on which the health criteria are based are: physical and chemical properties; environmental sources and levels; toxicokinetics and metabolism; effects on experimental animals and humans (cardiovascular, pulmonary, cerebrovascular, behavioural effects, developmental toxicity); combined exposure with other factors (high altitude, drugs, alcohol, smoking) and high-risk groups. Information about occupational exposure given. The occupations with high exposure risk are vehicle driving, maintaining and parking, steel production, coke ovens, carbon black production, petroleum refining, fire fighting, cooking and construction. Replaces CIS 80-720. Summaries in French and in Spanish. (76535)
CIS 01-514 Respiratory symptoms and lung function among Sardinian coal miners. Carta P., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. 35p. Illus. 27 ref. (In English, Italian) Internet: A cohort of 909 young miners employed in a Sardinian coal mine between 1977 and 1999 was analysed in a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study. Individual exposure to respirable mixed coal dust was assessed and chest X-ray and lung function measurements were performed. The study confirms a significant relationship between exposure to respirable mixed coal dust, an annual decline of functional parameters and the onset of respiratory symptoms. Age and smoking were associated with a decline in lung function. The effect of smoking seems to lead to functional manifestations of obstructive type whereas the effect of dust appears better correlated to a restrictive or mixed type of damage. (76385)
CIS 01-515 Contributions to the workshop "Fertility disorders and embryotoxic effects due to workplace chemicals", 9th and 10th February 1998, Hennef. (German: Beiträge zum Workshop "Fertilitätsstörungen und Fruchtschädigung durch Arbeitsstoffe" am 9. und 10. Februar 1998 in Hennef) Hofmann A., Holstein A., Rüdiger H.W., Stahlmann R., Thiel R., Vater U., Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Aug. 1999, 107p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-88383-531-5 (In German) Internet: Proceedings of a workshop on fertility disorders and embryotoxic effects caused by chemicals held in Hennef, Germany, 9-10 February 1998. The objectives of the workshop were: to establish the methods for detecting the effects of chemicals on human fertility and the embryotoxic effects of these chemicals; to identify results available today; to establish how should these results be evaluated; to identify topics for further study and to discuss possible legislation to implement the findings. Main topics covered: organization and regulation of gamete maturation; reproductive toxicity effects of chemicals; scientific criteria for the classification of chemicals according to reproductive toxicity; German and European Union regulations. (76449)
CIS 01-516 NIOSH-DOD-OSHA sponsored chemical and biological respiratory protection workshop report. Dower J.M., Metzler R.W., Palya F.M., Peterson J.A., Pickett-Harner M., Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Feb. 2000. iii, 76p. (In English) Internet: Report of a workshop on chemical and biological respiratory protection in connection with combating terrorism, held in Morgantown, WV, USA, 10-12 March 1999. The workshop provided a forum for over 140 representatives of 63 different emergency services, fire fighters, domestic preparedness organizations, equipment manufacturers, federal research organizations, and state and federal regulatory organizations. Main topics discussed: hazards associated with chemicals or chemical incidents; emergency services and their respiratory protection needs; respirator standards; chemical or biological response plans and protection needs for public health and the medical community. A list of chemical and biological agents of concern is included. (76420)
CIS 01-517 Enclosures provided for work with asbestos insulation, coatings and insulating board. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., Nov. 1999. 12p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1700-9 (In English) Internet: This guidance note gives practical advice on the design, construction and use of enclosures erected to prevent the spread of asbestos dust during work with asbestos. Main topics covered: enclosure definition and use; legal aspects; design of enclosures and choice of materials; site preparation and construction of enclosures; characteristics of air extraction equipment; testing, monitoring and maintenance of enclosures; dismantling and disposal procedures; special enclosures; visual inspection inside the enclosures. (76419)
CIS 01-518 Chemical advisory and notice of potential risk: Skin exposure to molten 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) can cause rapid death. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Publications Office, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington D.C. 20210, USA, 2000. 13p. 12 ref. (In English) Internet: 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a chemical intermediate used to produce pesticides and pharmaceuticals. Based on information from recent worker fatality cases, skin exposure of relatively small amounts (1% of body surface) to molten 2,4-DCP can cause rapid death. This information sheet describes four cases of fatalities and gives advice on work practices to protect workers (increase risk awareness, safe procedures, selection of material for pipes and equipment, engineering process control, exposure guidelines, selection of proper protective equipment) and on emergency, first aid and decontamination procedures. (76359)
CIS 01-519 Medical aspects of work-related exposures to organophosphates. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., Mar. 2000. 8p. 10 ref. Price: GBP 5.50., ISBN 0-7176-1775-0 (In English) Internet: This guidance note is to inform doctors and other health professionals about the health effects of exposure to organophosphates and the role of biological monitoring and health surveillance of exposed workers. Main topics covered: routes of absorption and potential occupational sources of exposure; pharmacology and toxicology; clinical manifestations of organophosphate poisoning; requirements of COSHH; biological monitoring (measurement of urinary metabolites as an index of exposure and measurement of cholinesterase activity as an index of uptake and effect); health surveillance; management (acute and chronic toxicity); notification of incidents. (76497)
CIS 01-520 Guide for ventilation practice - 9.1 Booths for spray-painting of liquids. (French: Guide pratique de ventilation - 9.1 Cabines d'application par pulvérisation de produits liquides) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1st ed., 2000. 22p. Illus. 23 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0836-5 (In French) Internet: Guide and reference document for the design and operation of ventilation systems in booths for the spraying of liquids (paints, varnishes, etc.). Contents: areas of application; review of the main regulations, hazards involved and general safety principles; air purification in the various types of spray cabins (cabins with vertical, horizontal or other types of ventilation), drying equipment, polluted air filtration devices; conditioning of incoming air; noise reduction; inspection and maintenance of ventilation systems. Replaces CIS 83-1886. (76477)
CIS 01-521 Workplace atmospheres - Terminology of industrial hygiene - Exposure, exposure assessment, limit values. (French: Air des lieux de travail - Eléments de terminologie, en hygiène du travail - L'exposition, son évaluation, les valeurs limites) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, 92049 Paris La Défense Cedex, France, 1998. 15p. (In French) Internet: This standard defines the basic concepts of occupational exposure, exposure evaluation and limit values. (76403)
CIS 01-522 Inflammable matter - Hints helping to avoid fires caused by electrical equipment. (German: Zündstoff - Tipps zur Vermeidung von Elektrobränden) Zeitschrift für Hotels, Gaststätten und Schausteller, Mar. 2000, No.1, p.4-5. Illus. (In German) Internet: Overload in cables and outlets, insulation damaged by mechanical impacts or chemical agents such as fat, aggressive liquids and gases, inadequate fuses, loose contacts, dirt and corrosion, and lamps with excessive wattage may all lead to costly fires. Experience suggests to perform periodical checks, avoid inappropriate connectors and have repairs done by specialists. (76340)
CIS 01-523 Recent developments in fire detection and extinguishing. More efficient and environmentally-friendly systems. (Spanish: Novedades en la detección y extinción de incendios. Sistemas más eficaces y respetuosos con el medio ambiente) Lacosta Berna J.M., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.79, p.37-47. Illus. 12 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: The principles behind the functioning of two new fire-fighting systems are described, and their practical applications are presented. They consist of smoke detection systems based on highly-sensitive aspiration (using light dispersion, laser-based particle counting, ionization and cloud chambers) and extinguishing systems based on water atomization under high pressure. Basically, these systems are not new, but have been improved thanks to technological developments in other areas. (76473)
CIS 01-524 Avoiding the ignition of fibrous coating material (flock) during the electrostatic flocking process. (German: Vermeiden der Entzündung faserförmiger Beschichtungsstoffe (Flock) beim elektrostatischen Beflockungsprozess) von Pidoll U., Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Bürgermeister-Smidt-Str. 74-76, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany, Nov. 1999. iii, 29p. Illus. 29 ref., ISBN 3-89701-441-6 (In German) Internet: Minimum spark energies giving rise to ignition during electrostatic flocking were determined in samples of over 60 commercially-used flocking materials. For most flock materials, this energy is about 150mJ. The finest flock made of ground cotton had the lowest value of about 80mJ. This minimum energy was influenced by the diameter, length, type and colour of the fibre, and the type of chemical preparation. Direct-current arc discharges caused little inflammation hazard while even weak alternating-current arc discharges were able to ignite the least flammable flock samples. Adhesives with flashpoints below the temperature of the coating process increased the hazard. Measures to reduce the fire and explosion hazard are outlined and recommended for inclusion into future European standards. (76331)
CIS 01-525 Report on a study of international pipeline accidents. Kinsman P., Lewis J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 125p. Illus. Price: GBP 30.00., ISBN 0-7176-1850-1 (In English) Internet: This report describes a study of the reports 11 pipeline accidents. Its purpose was to allow a comparison of the results of calculations carried out using models of a computer program (MISHAP98) and the actual consequences of pipeline failures. It was found that the "fireball" model generally over-predicts the consequences of a pipeline rupture, whereas the "jet-fire" model under-predicts the consequences. The assumed flame shape is probably correct for holes in the pipelines but does not reflect the flames emerging from a pipeline rupture in a crater. The main recommendation from this report is that the "jet-fire" model for ruptures should be improved. (76366)
CIS 01-526 Combustible gases and liquids: Regulations on storage and use. (French: Gaz et liquides combustibles: réglementation pour le stockage et l'utilisation) Mairesse M., Petit J.M., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172 Note No.2083-172-98, p.257-271. Illus. (In French) Internet: French regulations specify the safety measures during the transportation, storage and use of flammable and explosive liquids and gases. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the task of prevention practitioners having to comply with these regulations. It is in the form of a guide to help users to locate the legislation applying to a specific product. The information and advice dispensed help to steer the practitioner through the complexity of the law. By studying the regulations issued by the ministries in charge of Labour, Environment, Industry and Transport, the authors provide a summary of the different criteria, a reminder of the general provisions and a risk assessment questionnaire that can be used as a check list. (76423)
CIS 01-527 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 6: Oil-immersion "o". (French: Matériel électrique pour les atmosphères explosives gazeuses - Partie 6: Immersion dans l'huile "o") International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1995. 19p. (In English, French) Internet: This part of standard IEC 79 specifies the requirements for the construction and testing of oil-immersed electrical apparatus, oil-immersed parts of electrical apparatus and Ex components in the type of protection "o", intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres of gas, vapour and mist. (76447)
CIS 01-528 Preventing worker injuries and deaths from explosions in industrial ethylene oxide sterilization facilities. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Apr. 2000. 32p. Illus. 31 ref. (In English) Internet: Between 1994 and 1998, ethylene oxide (EtO) was involved in 10 explosions at industrial sterilization facilities and EtO repackaging plants in the United States. One of these explosions caused one death and 59 injuries among workers. This booklet offers guidance to employers, managers, supervisors, safety professionals and workers on preventing EtO explosions in industrial sterilization facilities. Contents include: properties and health effects of EtO; description of the industrial sterilization process; possible causes of EtO explosions; current standards; case reports; recommendations for workers, employers and EtO manufacturers. (76465)
CIS 01-529 Working together on firework displays - A guide to safety for firework organisers and operators. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. iv, 32p. Illus. 30 ref. Price: GBP 8.95., ISBN 0-7176-2478-1 (In English) Internet: This booklet is an updated guidance (see CIS 95-1482) on legislation, training, responsibilities and competence relevant to firework display organisers and operators. It addresses aerial and nonaerial fireworks and bonfires, various hazards, spectator safety, emergency procedures, setting up and firing the fireworks, clearing up after the display, legal requirements as well as training courses, licencing and control of noise nuisance. (76540)
CIS 01-530 Control of safety risks at gas turbines used for power generation. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 8p. 3 ref. Price: GBP 6.50., ISBN 0-7176-1808-0 (In English) Internet: This guidance is aimed at manufacturers, suppliers and operators of gas turbines (GTs) used for electrical power generation. It mentions the various hazards associated with GTs and describes ways in which they can be eliminated or prevented. Main topics covered: hazards (leaks, ignition, explosion, noise, mechanical hazards, electric shock); risk assessment; precautions against fire; precautions against explosion; GT purging; gas detectors; control systems; emergency procedures; limiting and preventing mechanical failures; electrical issues; electromagnetic radiation; legal requirements. (76418)
CIS 01-531 VIK-recommended motors for applications in the chemical and petrochemical industries. (German: VIK-Motoren für Anwendungen in der Chemie und Petrochemie) Greiner H., de - der Elektromeister + Deutsches Elektrohandwerk, July 1999, Vol.74, No.14, p.1112-1119. Illus. 6 ref. (In German) Internet: The recommendations of the Association of Industrial Power Generation and Distribution (Verband der Industriellen Energie- und Kraftwirtschaft (VIK)) in Germany concerning the design of asychronous three-phase motors have been revised. The new version went into effect in April 1999. The most important changes with respect to the earlier version are outlined. Topics covered include safe and explosion-proof design, materials to be used, voltage, polarity, thermal requirements, lubrication, cable lugs and limitation of the noise level. The main features of an electric motor specially designed for use in the chemical and petrochemical industries are presented. (76482)
CIS 01-532 Interconnection of intrinsically safe, non-linear and linear power circuits. (German: Zusammenschaltung nichtlinearer und linearer eigensicherer Stromkreise) Johannsmeyer U., Krämer M., Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Bürgermeister-Smidt-Str. 74-76, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany, Nov. 1999. i, 38p. Illus. 2 ref., ISBN 3-89701-440-8 (In German) Internet: When connecting power circuits in series or in parallel in environments with explosion risks, it is necessary to test the intrinsic safety of the resulting network. A simple test method applicable to cases in which adequate test equipment or computing expertise for finding the safe operating limits are not available is presented. The method uses a set of characteristic diagrams into which equipment parameters such as the internal impedance are graphically entered. The plots show whether the safe limits are respected. The method is applicable to active linear or non-linear power circuits which may contain inductive and capacitive components. The results take into account the required safety factor of 1.5. Under German classification, they are applicable to class IIb and IIc electrical operating equipment in Class 1 danger zones in chemical and petrochemical plants. (76332)
CIS 01-533 Worker deaths by electrocution. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Apr. 2000. CD-ROM, Windows 95/98, NT/2000 compatible (requires Adobe¿ Acrobat Reader Software (included); best viewed using Acrobat version 4.0). (In English) Internet: This CD-ROM provides the complete text of 224 investigative reports of electrocutions cited in the document "Worker deaths by electrocution: A summary of surveillance findings and investigative case reports" (see CIS 99-2027). (76351)
CIS 01-534 Strategy for prevention and control of the risks due to noise. Malchaire J., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.56, No.6, p.361-369. 18 ref. (In English) Internet: An easy-to-implement strategy for controlling exposure to noise is proposed, consisting of three stages. Stage 1 is observation, simple and easy to use by the workers to recognize the problems, identify straightforward solutions and call for assistance when needed. Stage 2 is analysis, more complex but more costly, performed with the assistance of occupational health specialists to identify more technical control measures and set up a programme to conserve hearing. Stage 3 is expertise, performed with the assistance of acoustic experts for special measurements and control measures. The proposed strategy uses the competence of the workers and management with respect to their working environment and recognizes that knowledge and measurements of acoustics are not an absolute prerequisite for solving noise problems. It attempts to organize in sequence and optimize the cooperation between workers, occupational health specialists and experts in acoustics. (76306)
CIS 01-535 Serum endothelin concentrations in workers exposed to vibration. Palmer K.T., Mason H., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.118-124. 28 ref. (In English) Internet: To compare serum endothelin 1 (ET1) concentrations in people with vibration-induced white finger (VWF) with those of controls exposed to vibration, and unexposed (pure) controls, volunteers from a stonemasonry, two quarries and an insurance company in Britain were classified by questionnaire and clinical examination into cases, exposed controls and pure controls. Subjects provided venous blood specimens after a period of warm equilibration (baseline) and again after cold challenge. Serum concentrations of the 21 amino acid peptide endothelin ET1-21 were measured by radioimmunoassay. Baseline ET1-21 was lower in cases than in the control groups. Cold challenge provoked a rise in ET1-21 in all groups but larger and significant mean absolute and percentage rises were found in cases. (76346)
CIS 01-536 Vibro-acoustic diagnosis: A fundamental stage in machine noise reduction at the source. (French: Le diagnostic vibro-acoustique: une étape fondamentale de la réduction à la source du bruit des machines) Loval G., Danière P., Loyau T., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, Note No.2082-172-98, p.243-255. Illus. 15 ref. (In French) Internet: Machine noise reduction at the source is effective at all workplace points (near and far fields), it gives permanent results, improves comfort at work and does not involve constraints in terms of machine operation and maintenance. Its effectiveness depends directly on a proper vibro-acoustic diagnosis. After highlighting the main mechanisms of machine noise propagation, the paper describes the diagnostic methods available as a function of the treated aspect (generating mechanisms, transmission paths, radiant surfaces), discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each method in an industrial context and compares the usefulness of methods combining relatively simple measurements and modelling of vibration and noise propagation mechanisms. Examples of application to three industrial situations are provided: a concrete vibrating machine, a diesel locomotive and a motor-driven pump. (76422)
CIS 01-537 Addition of fragrances to indoor air and indoor air quality. (German: REZ Raumluft-Essenzen-Zugabe und Raumluftqualität) von Kempski D., Zieger H.R., HLH - Heizung Lüftung/Klima Haustechnik, Feb. 2000, Vol.51, No.2, p.68, 70-74. Illus. 14 ref. (In German) Internet: Removing odours and contaminants from indoor air in order to satisfy technical standards is not enough to ensure worker satisfaction. The addition of fragrances is required for providing olfactory comfort. The main features of a fragrance addition system are outlined. Fragrance is placed in a bypass of a building's ventilation air stream. Concentrations of the fragrance between the thresholds of perception and recognition are required for the air to be perceived as fresh and pleasant. Humidity, temperature, air flow and the ratio of air intake and re-circulation are measured to control the system. An experimental test with a specific fragrance mix revealed an optimum at 1.7ppm of the mix in the air when the temperature was 19°C and the relative humidity 38%. (76334)
CIS 01-538 Health of children born to medical radiographers. Roman E., Doyle P., Ansell P., Bull D., Beral V., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1996, Vol.53, No.2, p.73-79. 37 ref. (In English) Internet: To investigate the health of children born to medical radiographers, 6730 members of the College of Radiographers in the United Kingdom aged between 30 and 64 were surveyed by questionnaire. Of the 9208 pregnancies reported, 83% were live births, 12% were miscarriages, 1% were stillbirths and 1% were other rarer spontaneous adverse events (ectopic pregnancy, placental pathology). There was little difference between men and women in the frequency of adverse reproductive events reported, with the exception that male radiographers reported fewer medical terminations, the proportions being 31% and 14% for women and men, respectively. Among children, the overall risks of major congenital malformation, chromosomal anomaly and cancer were as expected based on general population rates. Overall, the findings for medical radiographers are reassuring. Dose-response relations could not, however, be examined as long-term dose records of radiographers are not kept in an accessible form. (76341)
CIS 01-539 Vibration exposure, smoking, and vascular dysfunction. Cherniack M., Clive J., Seidner A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.341-347. 33 ref. (In English) Internet: A total of 601 shipyard workers (current and former users of pneumatic tools) was evaluated subjectively for cold-related vascular symptoms, and tested by cold challenge plethysmography. Follow-up testing was done on 199 members of the severely affected subgroup of smokers and non-smokers, many of whom had stopped smoking in the interval between tests. Effects of smoking and stopping smoking were assessed. Symptoms and measured abnormal vascular responses were more severe in smokers. Smokers were almost twice as likely to have more severe vasospasm than were non-smokers. 53 subjects who stopped smoking during the interval between tests improved, and were indistinguishable from non-smokers similarly exposed to vibration. Additional physiological benefits of stopping smoking were still apparent at further follow up examination, one year later. Improvements seen on plethysmography were not accompanied by improvements in symptoms, which remained unaffected by smoking. (76318)
CIS 01-540 Leukemia in electric utility workers: The evaluation of alternative indices of exposure to 60Hz electric and magnetic fields. Villeneuve P.J., Agnew D.A., Miller A.B., Corey P.N., Purdham J.T., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.607-617. 36 ref. (In English) Internet: The association between adult leukaemia and exposure to electric and magnetic fields was explored by a case-control study of 31,453 Ontario (Canada) electric utility workers. The percentage of time spent above electric field thresholds of 20 and 39V/m was predictive of leukaemia risk after adjusting for duration of employment. Duration of employment was strongly associated with an increased risk of leukaemia. Those who had worked for at least 20 years, and were in the highest tertiles of percentage of time spent above 10 and 20V/m, had odds ratios of 10.17 and 8.23, respectively, when compared with those in the lowest tertile. Non-significant elevations in risk were observed between indices of magnetic fields and leukaemia. The results support the hypothesis that electric fields act as a promoting agent in the aetiology of adult leukaemia. Exposure assessment based on alternative indices of electric and magnetic fields should be incorporated into future occupational studies of cancer. (76323)
CIS 01-541 Development of a simplified method for testing the attenuation of personal hearing protectors and determining the attenuation values in specific work situations. Passchier-Vermeer W., van den Berg R., Crijns H., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1998. xii, 162p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Internet: Measuring methods to determine the attenuation achieved by a set of hearing protectors have been developed in the laboratory and tested in the field. An additional aim of the project was to determine the attenuation of hearing protectors worn under on-site conditions in the coal and steel industry. The method had to meet a number of criteria, namely to be applicable for practically all workers wearing hearing protectors, including those with hearing impairment, and to all types of hearing protectors, while not inducing heavy costs, being simple, providing rapid and reliable results, and capable of being used close to the workplace. Measures conducted on different types of hearing protectors have shown the need for a determination of individual attenuation of hearing protectors. Summaries in French and German. (76382)
CIS 01-542 Ergonomic design of cold work in the neighbourhood of 0°C. (German: Ergonomische Gestaltung von Kältearbeit im Bereich von 0°C) Müller-Arnecke H.W., Hold U., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. 148p. Illus. 150 ref., ISBN 3-89701-363-0 (In German) Internet: A number of physical parameters (skin temperature at different parts of the body, rectal temperature, rate of body temperature recovery, evaporation, eyelid movement, heart rate), performance indicators (skills, sensorimotor capability), subjective parameters (sensations of cold) and reactions (tremors, loss of sensation in extremities) were evaluated in subjects accomplishing work tasks of different intensity in simulated cold working environments (between -5°C and 5°C). The subjects wore clothing combinations providing different degrees of protection against cold and drafts. It was concluded that skin temperature at the extremities is the most useful parameter to measure; it does not return to normal during ordinary work breaks. Based on the results, ergonomic principles for the design of workplaces of temperature classes I and II of DIN 33403 (such as meat cutting) are formulated. Summaries in English and French. (76441)
CIS 01-543 Reducing noise at work - Guidance on the Noise at Work Regulations 1989. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., 2000. vii, 91p. Illus. 30 ref. Price: GBP 9.75., ISBN 0-7176-1511-1 (In English) Internet: This booklet provides guidance on the Noise at Work Regulations 1989 (CIS 90-21). Part 1 defines legal duties of employers to prevent damage to hearing (exposure assessment and records; reduction of risk of hearing damage and of noise exposure; ear protection; noise control, employees' information). Part 2 covers duties of designers, manufacturers importers and suppliers. Part 3 gives advice for employers on how to chose a competent person for the noise assessment. Part 4 on how to carry out the noise assessment and the measurements. Part 5 on how to control noise exposure (workplace design, substitution of process or machine, engineering methods for sound attenuation and reduction of exposure). Part 6 on selection and correct use of ear protection. Replaces CIS 98-1714. (76365)
CIS 01-544 Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Comparison method in situ. (French: Acoustique - Détermination des niveaux de puissance acoustique émis par les sources de bruit à partir de la pression acoustique - Méthode de comparaison in situ) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., July 2000. v, 18p. Illus. 16 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard is one of the ISO 3740 series, which, together with ISO 9614, specifies various methods for determining sound power levels of machines, equipment and sub-assemblies. When selecting one of the methods of the 3740 series, it is necessary to decide which one is most appropriate for the conditions and purposes of the test. General guidelines to assist in the selection are provided in ISO 3740. The present standard specifies a method for determining the sound power levels of sound sources in situ, and is especially applicable to non-movable machines and equipment. (76469)
CIS 01-545 Acoustics - Measurement of airborne noise emitted by information technology and telecommunication equipment. (French: Acoustique - Mesurage du bruit aérien émis par les équipements liés aux technologies de l'information et aux télécommunications) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1999. v, 61p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard specifies procedures for measuring and reporting the noise emission of information technology and telecommunication equipment. It is considered part of a "noise test code" for this type of equipment, and is based on basic noise emission standards ISO 3741, ISO 3744, ISO 3745 and ISO 11201 (see also CIS 97-636). The basic emission quantity is the A-weighted sound power level which may be induced for comparing equipment of the same type but from different manufacturers, or comparing different equipment. Replaces CIS 88-2055. (76491)
CIS 01-546 Acoustics - Statistical distribution of hearing thresholds as a function of age. (French: Acoustique - Distribution statistique des seuils d'audition en fonction de l'âge) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 2000. iv, 9p. 36 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard provides statistics of the hearing threshold for populations of various ages. It specifies, for the range of audiometric frequencies from 125Hz to 8000Hz and for populations of otologically normal persons of a given age, within the age limits of 18 to 70 years, the expected median value of hearing thresholds given relative to the median hearing threshold at the age of 18 years and the expected statistical distribution above and below the median value. (76494)
CIS 01-547 Determination of the detection limit and decision threshold for ionizing radiation measurements - Part 1: Fundamentals and application to counting measurements without the influence of sample treatment. (French: Détermination de la limite de détection et du seuil de décision des mesurages des rayonnements ionisants - Partie 1: Principes fondamentaux et application aux mesures par comptage, sans l'influence du traitement de l'échantillon) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., July 2000. iv, 14p. Illus. 11 ref. (In English, French) Internet: Part 1 of this international standard gives basic information on the statistical fundamentals for the detection limit and decision threshold for nuclear radiation measurements. It concerns the field of nuclear radiation measurement in which events are counted (for example on samples). It considers exclusively the random character of radioactive decay and of pulse counting, and ignores all other influences. It also assumes that the duration of measurement is small in relation to the half-life of the radionuclides involved and that dead-time losses are negligible. See also CIS 01-548 and CIS 01-549. (76466)
CIS 01-548 Determination of the detection limit and decision threshold for ionizing radiation measurements - Part 2: Fundamentals and application to counting measurements with the influence of sample treatment. (French: Détermination de la limite de détection et du seuil de décision des mesurages des rayonnements ionisants - Partie 2: Principes fondamentaux et application aux mesures par comptage, avec l'influence du traitement de l'échantillon) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., July 2000. iv, 16p. Illus. 11 ref. (In English, French) Internet: Part 2 of this international standard addresses the field of ionizing radiation measurements in which the events on samples are counted after treating them. It considers, besides the random character of radioactive decay and pulse counting, all other influences arising from sample treatment such as weighing, enrichment, calibration or instability of the test setup. It assumes that the results from the counting of samples and blanks follow a negative binomial distribution. It also assumes that the duration of measurement is small in relation to the half-life of the radionuclides involved and that dead-time losses are negligible. See also CIS 01-547 and CIS 01-549. (76467)
CIS 01-549 Determination of the detection limit and decision threshold for ionizing radiation measurements - Part 3: Fundamentals and application to counting measurements by high resolution gamma spectrometry, without the influence of sample treatment. (French: Détermination de la limite de détection et du seuil de décision des mesurages des rayonnements ionisants - Partie 3: Principes fondamentaux et application aux mesures par comptage, par spectrométrie gamma haute résolution, sans l'influence du traitement de l'échantillon) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., July 2000. iv, 10p. Illus. 13 ref. (In English, French) Internet: Part 3 of this international standard addresses the subject of ionizing radiation measurements in which the radiation events in samples are counted by high-resolution gamma spectrometry registering a pulse-heights distribution. It considers exclusively the random character of radioactive decay and pulse counting, and ignores all other influences arising from sample treatment such as weighing, enrichment, calibration or instability of the test setup. It assumes that the distance of neighbouring peaks of gamma lines is not smaller than four times their resolution and that the background near the gamma line is nearly a straight line (otherwise parts 1 or 2 of this standard should be used). It also assumes that the duration of measurement is smaller in relation to the half-life of the radionuclides involved and that dead-time losses are negligible. See also CIS 01-547 and CIS 01-548. (76468)
CIS 01-550 Radiation protection - Criteria and performance limits for the periodic evaluation of processors of personal dosemeters for X and gamma radiation. (French: Radioprotection - Critères et limites d'habilitation pour l'évaluation périodique des exploitants de dosimètres individuels pour les rayons X et gamma) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iv, 5p. 7 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard specifies the criteria and the test procedures to be used for the periodic verification of the performance of personal-dosemeter processors. It applies to personal dosemeters for the assessment of external photon radiation with an energy between 10KeV and 9MeV, and covers all types of personal dosemeters needing laboratory processing and involving continuous measurements or measurements repeated regularly at fixed time intervals. (76492)
CIS 01-551 Radiation protection - Apparatus for industrial gamma radiography - Part 1: Specifications for performance, design and tests. (French: Radioprotection - Appareils pour radiographie gamma industrielle - Partie 1: Spécifications de performance, de conception et d'essais) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iv, 31p. Illus. 3 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of ISO 3999 specifies the performance, design and requirements of apparatus for gamma radiography with portable, mobile and fixed exposure containers. It applies to apparatus designed to allow the controlled use of gamma radiation emitted by a sealed radioactive source for industrial radiography purposes in order that persons will be safeguarded when the apparatus is used in conformity with the regulations in force regarding radiation protection. (76493)
CIS 01-552 Authorisation under the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 [United Kingdom]. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Apr. 2000. 4p. 2 ref. (In English) Internet: This information note is aimed at employers working with ionizing radiation. It explains how to comply with the requirements in regulation 5 of the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 (IRR99, see CIS 00-617) for the authorization of certain practices. It also describes the system of generic authorization under which radiation employers may be exempt from the requirement. (76500)
CIS 01-553 Self-locking and self-braking of screw jacks in elevating platforms. (German: Selbsthemmung und Selbstbremsung von Schraubengetrieben in Hebebühnen) Mewes D., Becker K., Maschinenmarkt, Feb. 2000, Vol.106, No.9, p.66-69. Illus. (In German) Internet: Tests revealed that steel screw jacks of vehicle inspection lifts retained their self-locking capacity throughout their lifetime of 30,000 cycles of lifting and lowering. Screw jacks with trapezoidal thread having angles of pitch of 2.43°C and 3.49°C were tested according to VDI guideline 2158 with grease based on lithium soap as the lubricant. The former retained their self-braking capacity while the latter attained a hazardous deceleration path of more than 1m over the service life. Screw jacks with polyamide nuts lasted longer than screw jacks with bronze nuts. Particulate pollutants in the lubricant severely shortened the service life of all screw jacks studied. (76333)
CIS 01-554 Quantification of the risks involved in crane operations. (German: Quantifizierung der Risiken beim Kranbetrieb) Sinay J., Badida M., Fördern und Heben, Apr. 1999, Vol.49, No.4, p.273-276. Illus. 7 ref. (In German) Internet: A procedure for identifying and quantifying the hazards involved in crane operations, tested in a steel plant, is presented. Information on working conditions is obtained from crane operators and other workers. Hazards are identified according to the EN 292 and EN 1050 standards. Scales are used to quantify the hazards posed by the crane itself and by the surrounding factors such as the illumination, the design of the operator's cabin with or without air conditioning system, the ease of safe manipulation, and the qualification of the crane operator. The total risk is calculated from the scaled ratings given to each hazard. Checklists and the scales for assessing each hazard as well as the results obtained for an overhead travelling crane are presented. (76485)
CIS 01-555 Safe storage of natural stone slabs. (German: Natursteinplatten sicher lagern) Baudach K., Kretschmer U., Pätzold U., Die Industrie der Steine und Erden, May-June 1999, Vol.109, No.3, p.22-29. Illus. (In German) Internet: A support is described permitting the safe storage of large-size natural stone slabs used by stone cutters. It combines A-frames with stanchions. In addition, two safe gripping and lifting devices for large stone slabs are described which are attached to fork-lift trucks. They do not require workers to move in front of the slabs for locking and unlocking the load. The support and the lifting devices introduce safety features lacking in the past as documented by severe accidents described in the article. (76489)
CIS 01-556 Procedure for the handling of loads by crane. (Spanish: Procedimiento de manipulación de cargas con grúa) Delfrade Ollaquindía J.J., Prevención, July-Sep. 2000, No.153, p.8-18. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish) Internet: Procedures for handling loads with cranes are part of a company's risk prevention plans. They are elaborated by the safety manager and discussed by the company's safety and hygiene committee. They represent an integral part of the occupational safety and health manual and must made available to workers. This article describes the development of such procedures in a company producing coated tubes. All handling and maintenance operations need to be described in detail in the form of instructions and recommendations: use of cranes; storage; inspection of anchoring devices; recording of observed anomalies; crane maintenance; repair and replacement of certain crane parts. Examples of records for inspection, defect observation and maintenance are included. (76521)
CIS 01-557 Beware of nips.... (German: Achtung Fangstelle ...) Schlingensiepen J., Tismer S., Die BG, May 1999, No.5, p.264-267. Illus. 11 ref. (In German) Internet: Laboratory experiments show that work clothing that is wet or soiled with oil and, surprisingly, cloth samples chemically impregnated (water or oil-proofed) get caught more easily by unguarded rotating machine parts than dry, clean and untreated work clothing. The experiments involved rotating cylinders with diameters of 100, 50 and 20mm and a surface roughness commonly used for rotating parts. It is recommended not to use substances which make work clothing more prone to get caught in machines, and to initiate the search for substances reducing this risk. (76483)
CIS 01-558 Non-fatal occupational fall and slip injuries among commercial fishermen analyzed by use of the NOMESCO injury registration system. Jensen O.C., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.637-644. Illus. 29 ref. (In English) Internet: The distribution and the characteristics of 582 occupational injuries among commercial fishermen in Denmark are described by using data from a hospital emergency department for the period 1990-1997. Injuries from falls made up 25% of all injuries; they were the cause of 28% of all contusions, 32% of all fractures, 61% of all sprains and strains, 40% of all injuries to lower extremities and 62% of all injuries to the chest. The proportion of fall injuries in different age groups was U-shaped and constitutes around 40% for men both under 20 years and over 50 years of age, and around 20% for those between these ages. Frequent types of injury mechanisms other than falls and slips were: getting caught (22%), contact with objects or persons (28%), foreign body (9%) and cuts (9%). (76326)
CIS 01-559 Prevention of accidents caused by stumbling, slipping and falling in meat industry plants. (German: Prävention von Stolper-, Rutsch- und Sturzunfällen in Betrieben der Fleischwirtschaft) Schenk H., Selge K., Die BG, June 1999, No.6, p.350-353. Illus. 6 ref. (In German) Internet: In the German meat industry 3,000 accidents caused by falls occur annually. Most of the falls (18%) occur on stairs. Inadequate lighting and step design as well as carrying loads with both hands were found to be the main causes of falls on stairs. Investigations in 5 small meat processing plants with attached butcher shops revealed that the hazard increases when leaving one's own workplace and moving to places with different surface roughness (friction coefficient) of the floor. Measurements with a new friction testing instrument revealed inadequate and changeable anti-slipping properties of floors. Shoes (worn and new) are a further important accident factor. Footwear requirements according to 89/686/EEC have not yet been implemented in Germany, therefore, a positive list of shoes complying with standards DIN EN 344-347 and tested according to DIN 4843 Part 100 was made available. (76490)
CIS 01-560 Stability characteristics of three and four wheeled vehicles: Simulations of three and four wheeled vehicles. Challener S., Chan K., Lock G., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 100p. Illus. 43 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1841-2 (In English) Internet: The rollover of forklift trucks and dumpers is the source of a number of injuries and deaths when the driver tries to escape as the vehicle rolls. A technique to estimate the rate of roll for forklifts and dumpers based on a true dynamic, real-time simulation was developed using an advanced programming language (IDL). Stability of several variants of forklift trucks and dumpers was assessed by this technique and the results are presented. (76368)
CIS 01-561 Powered industrial trucks - Symbols for operator controls and other displays. (French: Chariots de manutention automoteurs - Symboles pour les organes de commandes de l'opérateur et autres dispositifs indicateurs) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1999. iii, 45p. Illus. 2 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard establishes symbols for use on operator controls and other displays on powered industrial trucks. General information on how to use and locate the symbols as well as on the meanings of colours of illuminated displays and on colours used for specific functions are provided. A list of all the symbols is included. (76378)
CIS 01-562 Industrial trucks - Specification for indicator lights for container handling and grappler arm operations. (French: Chariots de manutention - Spécifications relatives aux voyants lumineux pour la manutention des conteneurs et les opérations de bras de grappin) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iii, 5p. Illus. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard specifies requirements for indicator lights to show the status of freight-container handling spreaders and grappler arms. It applies to spreaders and grappler arms fitted to industrial trucks. (76379)
CIS 01-563 Safe working on top of containers on board ship. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. 4p. Illus. 14 ref. (In English) Internet: This information note gives practical guidance to working safely on the top of containers on ships. As the use of freight containers for transporting cargo at sea has grown, larger ships have been introduced which carry containers not only in holds but stacked on the deck. A fall from a stack can result in serious injury or death. Main topics covered: legal requirements, safe working methods; fall prevention systems; adverse weather conditions; training and instruction; construction, maintenance and use of access and safety equipment. (76498)
CIS 01-564 How to reduce your hand knife injuries. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. 4p. Illus. (In English) Internet: Statistics indicate that hand knife injuries account for 25-50% of all lost time accidents in the plastics processing industry. This information sheet is aimed at employers and persons working in plastics processing. It outlines the means of reducing the risks of hand knife injuries, which include eliminating hand knives where possible, specifying the right type of knife, ensuring the availability of spare knives and blades, providing safe storage for knives, specifying appropriate personal protective equipment, assessing the working environment and training. Case studies illustrating the approaches used by some plastics processing companies are provided. (76462)
CIS 01-565 Reducing bandsaw accidents in the food industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. 6p. Illus. 6 ref. Price: GBP 6.00. (In English) Internet: Band saws are used in the food industry for portioning meat and other products. They cause a high number of accidents which frequently result in serious injuries such as deep cuts or the amputation of fingers. This information sheet offers guidance to help food producers prevent or minimize the risk of injury from band saws. Contents include: machine selection; guards; installation; maintenance; supervision; the selection and training of operators; recommended instructions to the operator; legal requirements in the United Kingdom. (76464)
CIS 01-566 Gas cylinders - Outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air - Part 1: Yoke type connections. (French: Bouteilles à gaz - Raccords de sortie pour robinets de bouteilles à gaz pour air comprimé respirable - Partie 1: Raccords du type à étrier) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iii, 6p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of the ISO 12209 standard specifies the characteristics of yoke type outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air cylinders, up to a maximum cylinder working pressure of 230bar. It states the fundamental requirements for both the connection and its components and includes basic dimensions. Annex A gives the outlet connection prototype qualification test procedures. (See also CIS 01-567 and CIS 01-568). (76551)
CIS 01-567 Gas cylinders - Outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air - Part 2: Threaded connections. (French: Bouteilles à gaz - Raccords de sortie pour robinets de bouteilles à gaz pour air comprimé respirable - Partie 2: Raccords filetés) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iv, 11p. Illus.2 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of the ISO 12209 standard specifies the characteristics of threaded type outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air cylinders with a maximum working pressure of 230bar and 300bar. It states the fundamental requirements for both the connection and its components and includes basic dimensions. Annex A gives the outlet connection prototype qualification test procedures. (See also CIS 01-566 and CIS 01-568). (76552)
CIS 01-568 Gas cylinders - Outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air - Part 3: Adaptor for 230 bar valves. (French: Bouteilles à gaz - Raccords de sortie pour robinets de bouteilles à gaz pour air comprimé respirable - Partie 3: Adaptateur pour robinets de 230bar) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 2000. iii, 6p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English, French) Internet: This part of the ISO 12209 standard specifies the characteristics of the adaptors converting the outlet of a threaded type cylinder valve for regulation of compressed breathable air into a yoke type. It states the fundamental requirements for both the connection and its components and includes basic dimensions. (See also CIS 01-566 and CIS 01-567). (76553)
CIS 01-569 Operator seat restraints for mobile work equipment in agriculture and forestry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. 2p. Illus. (In English) Internet: United Kingdom regulations require employers to ensure that all mobile machines used at work have suitable restraining systems fitted to the seats, including passenger seats. Aimed at employers and self-employed persons, this information sheet offers guidance on the requirements to fit and use these restraints in tractors, self-propelled machines and other agricultural or forestry work equipment. Topics covered: responsibilities of employers; types of equipment and operations for which the fitting of restrains are required; special provisions for children; legal requirement to wear seat belts. (76463)
CIS 01-570 Machinery for forestry - Mobile and self-propelled machinery - Terms, definitions and classification. (French: Matériel forestier - Machines mobiles et automotrices - Termes, définitions et classification) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 2000. iii, 7p. (In English, French) Internet: This international standard defines terms and gives guidance on the classification of mobile forestry machines. It applies to machines designed for site preparation, planting, harvesting, processing and transporting wood and wood fibre. (76495)
CIS 01-571 Working platforms on fork-lift trucks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., Mar. 2000. 7p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: GBP 6.00., ISBN 0-7176-1233-3 (In English) Internet: This guidance note gives a brief introduction to relevant law. It also provides guidance on the design of platforms, information to assist users to identify appropriate working platform and truck combinations and how platforms and trucks can be used safely together. (76496)
CIS 01-572 Technical safety data sheet - Single vertical spindle moulding machines. (French: Fiche technique de sécurité - Toupies verticales simples) L'Huillier J.C., Otter B., Obrecht P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1998, No.172, p.313-334. Illus. 35 ref. (In French) Internet: Aimed at company owners, managers and supervisory staff, this technical safety data sheet examines workplace risks related to single vertical spindle moulding machines and proposes means of preventing them. The contents include a description of these machines and their use, a study of the main components of the machine, advice on taking delivery of the machine, its lay-out and installation, instructions for use, a review of the state of the art, the means of improving machine safety part by part (particularly of the electrical system) and noise reduction. Replaces CIS 89-1014. (76426)
CIS 01-573 Safe systems of work for cleaning sheet-fed offset lithographic printing presses. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 4p. (In English) Internet: This information sheet was produced by the Printing Industry Advisory Committee in response to concerns about the large number of accidents occurring during operation and maintenance of sheet-fed printing presses. It provides guidance for employees and supervisors on safe working methods. Main topics covered: accident trends, 1991/1992 to 1995/96; causes of accidents; examples of incidents involving shed-fed offset presses; step-by-step approach to the choice of an appropriate method of work (assessing safeguarding standards; deciding on the appropriate safe system for cleaning; training and instruction of employees; monitoring and review by managers). A safeguard checklist is included. (76413)
CIS 01-574 Safe systems of work for cleaning web-fed offset lithographic printing presses. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 4p. (In English) Internet: This information sheet was produced by the Printing Industry Advisory Committee in response to concerns about the large number of accidents occurring during operation and maintenance of web-fed printing presses. It provides guidance for employees and supervisors on safe working methods. Main topics covered: accident trends, 1991/1992 to 1995/96; causes of accidents; examples of incidents involving web-fed offset presses; description of a step-by-step approach to the choice of an appropriate method of work (assessing safeguarding standards; deciding on the appropriate safe system for cleaning; training and instruction of employees; monitoring and review by managers). A safeguard checklist is included. (76414)
CIS 01-575 Safe systems of work for cleaning flexographic, rotary letterpress and gravure printing presses. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 4p. (In English) Internet: This information sheet was produced by the Printing Industry Advisory Committee in response to concerns about the large number of accidents occurring during operation and maintenance of flexographic, rotary letterpress and gravure printing presses. It provides guidance for employees and supervisors on safe working methods. Main topics covered: accident trends, 1991/1992 to 1995/96; causes of accidents; examples of incidents involving flexographic, rotary letterpress and gravure printing presses; description of a step-by-step approach to the choice of an appropriate method of work (assessing safeguarding standards; deciding on the appropriate safe system for cleaning; training and instruction of employees; monitoring and review by managers). A safeguard checklist is included. (76415)
CIS 01-576 Off to the laundry - How to avoid hygiene problems with fermenting dough cloth. (German: Ab in die Wäsche - Wie bei Gärgut-Tüchern Hygieneprobleme vermieden werden können) Zeitschrift für Backbetriebe, Mar. 2000, No.1, p.4-5. Illus. (In German) Internet: Scientists of the German Employers' Liability Insurance Association found that the concentrations of germs (bacteria and moulds) on cotton cloth that had been used for 41 days in bakeries for fermenting dough were 1000 times higher than those found on unwashed strawberries and lettuce. Sprinkling the cloth with wheat flour, rice flour or starch did not lead to any reduction. It is recommended that the cotton cloth be laundered at least once a month at a temperature of 60°C or higher, and that it be stored under dry conditions. For the hygienic storage of dough for fermentation, a plastic basket lined with cloth that can be easily removed for washing is presented. (76339)
CIS 01-577 Airborne moulds and their metabolites at workplaces in composting plants. (German: Luftverbreitete Schimmelpilze und deren Stoffwechselmetabolite an Arbeitsplätzen in Kompostieranlagen) Fischer G., Schwalbe R., Möller M., Ostrowski R., Hollender J., Dott W., Mycoses, 1998, Vol.41, Suppl. No.1, p.51-55. Illus. 9 ref. (In German) Internet: In air samples taken in the months of January, April and August in highly polluted workplaces in a composting plant, total mould counts ranging from 1 to 10 million cfu/m3 air were obtained. The moulds most commonly found were of the Aspergillus and Penicillium type. They were present in concentrations from 1000 to 100,000cfu/m3. Some nonvolatile metabolites and mycotoxins were identified. The volatile organic compounds identified belong primarily to the terpene class of chemicals. Camphene and 2-ethylfurane were found among the terpenes. In laboratory experiments, it could be shown that they were produced by Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium crustosum. The moulds present pathological and allergological exposure hazards as well as a potential toxigenic exposure hazard to workers in composting plants. (76488)
CIS 01-578 Ordinance on biological agents at work - Implementation of the Law on Occupational Health and Safety. (German: Biostoffverordnung - Arbeitsschutzgesetz konkretisiert) Allescher W., Bundesarbeitsblatt, 1999, No.5, p.15-19. (In German) Internet: With the Ordinance on biological agents at work (CIS 00-332) which went into effect in April 1999, Germany has implemented Directive 90/679/EEC (see CIS 91-29) into national law. The ordinance addresses all work with biological substances as well as exposure to biological substances such as the operation of earthmoving equipment in a sanitary landfill. The requirement that the employer determine all biological hazards encountered on a workplace and provide necessary protection is considered to be the most important part of the ordinance. The ordinance distinguishes four classes of biological substances and risk, and differentiates work with known and unknown biological substances. It applies to agriculture, effluent treatment, waste disposal, and the health care professions. Protective measures and medical examinations are discussed. A panel on work with biological substances was created to produce technical guidance documents. (76486)
CIS 01-579 Safe disposal of clinical waste. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. iv, 68p. Illus. 59 ref. Price: GBP 10.50., ISBN 0-7176-2492-7 (In English) Internet: This booklet provides guidance for managing the safe segregation, handling, transport and disposal of clinical waste. Categories of clinical waste are defined and preventive actions such as training, personal hygiene, immunization, information on accidents and waste treatment, and monitoring of procedures are discussed. The duty of care along the chain dealing with the waste is explained. The essential points of applicable regulations are presented. Replaces CIS 93-624. (76539)
CIS 01-580 Avoiding ill health at open farms - Advice to farmers; Advice to teachers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, June 2000. 4p. + 1p. (Supplement). (In English) Internet: This information sheet provides advice to farmers and others responsible for open farms on how to reduce health risks to visitors, particularly to children. A supplementary sheet is aimed at teachers. The main hazard is a transmission of animal microorganisms to humans; E. coli O157 in particular can cause severe illness in young children. Main topics covered: legal requirements for open farms; risk assessment; risk control; farm layout and access areas to visitors; animal contact; eating areas; washing facilities; visitor information and signs; staff training and supervision; livestock management procedures; manure and compost; laying out a "no contact" farm. Additional sources of advice to farmers are provided. Replaces CIS 98-676. (76417)
CIS 01-581 Bloodborne occupational diseases of health care workers (HCW). Murlidhar V., Society for Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 42 Tughlakabad Institutional Area, New Delhi 110062, India, 1999. i, 27p. 52 ref. (In English) Internet: This manual on the risks of exposure to bloodborne diseases of health care personnel focuses on hepatitis B and C, HIV and AIDS transmission risks. Transmission mechanisms, risk factors for seroconversion following percutaneous injury, post-exposure prophylaxis, hygiene practices, decontamination and sterilization, personal protective equipment and vaccination are presented along with safety recommendations for dealing with sharp instruments and body fluids. (76544)
CIS 01-582 Biological agents and occupational health. (Dutch: Biologische agentia en gezondheid op het werk; French: Les agents biologiques et la santé au travail) Federaal Ministerie van Tewekstelling en Arbeid, Belliardstraat 51, 1040 Brussel, Belgium, [1999]. 24p. 14 ref. (In Dutch, French) Internet: This booklet explains the provisions of the Royal decree on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work, which is an application of the EU directive (see CIS 91-29). It describes the effects of biological agents on health (infection, intoxication, allergies), employers' responsibilities as well as required procedures (notification of the work, lists of workers, confinement measures, medical records and vaccination). (76409)
CIS 01-583 Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Spain: Past trends and present situation. (Spanish: Patología osteomuscular asociada al trabajo en España: Tendencia y estado actual) Zimmermann Verdejo M., Maqueda Blasco J., de la Orden Tivera M.V., Almodovar Molina A., Martínez Blanco M.R., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.9, p.5-18. Illus. (In Spanish) Internet: The past trends and present situation of occupational musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) were analysed using data from claims for compensation for occupational diseases and accidents, as well as the results of the 4th national survey of working conditions. While in 1989, MSDs represented 32% of occupational diseases, they accounted for 76% in 1998. Occurrence of MSDs vary as a function of the sector occupation: in industry, the increase is exponential, while the services, building and agricultural sectors are also affected but to a lesser degree. Concerning occupational accidents, it is observed that 50% of the increase in overall occurrence rates can be attributed to strain injuries. Finally, the results of the 4th national survey on working conditions show that various factors related to physical and mental workload (required level of awareness, high work rhythms and repetitive movements of the upper extremities) are responsible for high musculoskeletal morbidity. (76525)
CIS 01-584 A comparison of approaches to modeling the relationship between ergonomic exposures and upper extremity disorders. Punnett L., van der Beek A.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.645-655. 36 ref. (In English) Internet: To study upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders among automobile manufacturing workers, an ergonomic exposure index was constructed by summing ten psychophysical items obtained through interviews. The sensitivity of the exposure-response relationship to the formulation of that index was explored. Five alternative exposure indices were constructed, three a priori weighting schemes and two sets of weights derived from multivariate regression coefficients. The original index and a priori weighting schemes had similar associations with upper extremity disorders, adjusted for non-occupational factors. The standardized solution showed that non-neutral postures were significantly related to upper extremity signs and symptoms. The exposure-response relationship appeared generally robust to the mathematical formulation of the exposure index. Among the available exposure variables, postural strain had the strongest association. (76327)
CIS 01-585 Shift work and health. (Italian: Lavoro a turni e salute) Costa G., Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1999, Vol.90, No.6, p.739-751. 20 ref. (In Italian) Internet: Of the European workforce, 33% follow irregular work schedules and 21% perform night work. Such shift work disrupts biological rhythms, perturbs social and family life, affects performance and health. Sleep disorders, jet-lag syndrome, and in the long term increased risk of gastrointestinal, psychoneurotic and cardiovascular diseases as well as impairment of the female reproductive function may result from frequent night shifts. The worker's fitness for shift and night work should be checked. Ergonomic evaluation of the workplace, compensative measures and frequent health checks are recommended. (76431)
CIS 01-586 Work-related neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Buckle P., Devereux J., European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1999. 114p. Illus. 209 ref. Price: EUR 7.00 (excluding VAT)., ISBN 92-828-8174-1 (In English) Internet: A report on risk factors for work-related neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (WRULDs) was prepared taking into account knowledge from an extensive set of sources. The sectors of activity most exposed to these risks include agriculture, forestry and fishing, manufacturing and mining industries, building, distribution (wholesale and retail) and repair, as well as hotels and restaurants. In terms of occupations, manual labourers, machine operators, secretaries and manual handlers are most at risk. Scientific studies provide solid evidence in favour of the biological causes of WRULDs; in particular, they show a close causal relationship between WRULDs and the performance of certain tasks. Risk factors requiring assessment and strategies for prevention are discussed. (76330)
CIS 01-587 European Week 2000 - Prevention of occupational musculoskeletal disorders. (Portuguese: Semana europeia 2000 - Prevenção das perturbações músculo-esqueléticas de origem profissional) Amaral A.M., ed., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Lisboa, Portugal, Oct. 2000. 96p. Illus. 37 ref., ISBN 972-8321-38-4 (In Portuguese) Internet: This booklet contains a number of texts covering, from various perspectives, the theme of the European Week 2000 organized by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work dedicated to information and awareness of workers and the public about musculoskeletal disorders. Main topics covered: adequate work posture; definition of the various types of musculoskeletal disorders; occupational rheumatism; preventive actions; information and training material. (76517)
CIS 01-588 A case control study of the relations between risk of back pain sickness absence and the nature of tasks carried out by coalminers. Waclawski E.R., Hagen S., Symes A.M., Graveling R.A., Scott A.J., Miller B.G., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. vi, 103p. Illus. 47 ref. (In English) Internet: A total of 104 workers with back pain and 215 controls were recruited among coalminers and administered questionnaires on tasks which they had performed as well as on back pain. The mean duration of employment in the coal industry was 17 years and the average length of back pain absence was 16.7 days. Positive associations were found between risk of back-related sickness absenteeism and increased occurrences of lifting more than 50kg with a frequency of more than 20 times in a shift, holding weights above the shoulder height more than 50 times in a shift, carrying more than 50kg and twisting the body while pushing more than 50 times in a shift. A negative association was found with time spent driving free steer vehicles underground. Summaries in French, German and Italian. (76388)
CIS 01-589 Studies into the 2-4 hour shift phenomenon. Simpson G., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. ii, 38p. Illus. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1857-9 (In English) Internet: Examination of data from British Rail and Railtrack has suggested that there is a disproportionate number of accidents and dangerous occurrences in the period between 2 and 4 hours from the start of the shift, regardless of its start time. The possible hypothesis for this decrease of performance, the so called 2-4 hour shift phenomenon - were examined: circadian rhythm; increase in risk exposure; decrease of motivation; blood sugar drop; changes in the level of control; changes in attention; changes in individual task management processes; situational awareness; multifactor explanation. These hypotheses were tested in a laboratory study. The experiment shows a significant variation in human performance over 8 hours, but no explicit 2-4 hour effect was identified. However, a significant decrement was seen over the first four hours. Food intake did not lead to decrements in performance. Possible avenues for further examination are presented. (76369)
CIS 01-590 Designing working time ergonomically. (German: Arbeitszeit ergonomisch gestalten) Nachreiner F., Grzech-Šukalo H., Hänecke K., Qin L., Dieckmann P., Eden J., Lochmann R., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. xix, 116p. Illus. 30 ref. + CD-ROM., ISBN 3-89701-331-2 (In German) Internet: BASS 3.0 is a computer program (Windows, Linux, Macintosh) developed for the design of shift schedules taking into account legal restrictions and ergonomic criteria. The program ensures that boundary criteria such as shift-changes, weekends, sleep requirements and optimized staffing requirements are simultaneously satisfied. Schedules are set up in a cycle of iterative optimization steps taking into account company experience, employee opinion as to needs and personal requirements, and the best possible ergonomic working conditions, thereby contributing to safety and health. Summaries in English and French. (76442)
CIS 01-591 Quantification of back stress tolerance. Van Wingerden S., 5th ECSC Medical research programme, European Commission, Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs Directorate V/F, Public Health and Safety at Work Unit V/F/5 Occupational Health and Hygiene, EUROFORUM Building, 2920 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1997. iv, 33p. Illus. 42 ref. (In English) Internet: The validity of attempts to quantify back pain tolerance was examined in steel-plant workers with severe low back pain and in workers who had never had any complaints. Trunk muscle strength measurements and isometric lifting tests were performed and posture and movements were recorded. Work-related stress was estimated by questionnaire. There was no difference between healthy workers and workers who had low back complaints. Results show that the methodology used to quantify and qualify the workload is not sufficiently valid. (76386)
CIS 01-592 Fatigue among working people: Validity of a questionnaire measure. Beurskens A.J.H.M., Bültmann U., Kant I., Vercoulen J.H.M.M., Bleijenberg G., Swaen G.M.H., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, May 2000, Vol.57, No.5, p.353-357. Illus. 17 ref. (In English) Internet: The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of the "checklist individual strength" questionnaire (CIS) in the working population. This 20-item self-reported questionnaire has often been used in patients with chronic fatigue. The CIS was filled out by five groups of employees with expected differences in fatigue. The convergent validity was evaluated by comparing the results of the CIS with the results of three related measures: measured unidimensional fatigue, burnout and need for recovery. The CIS was able to discriminate between fatigued and non-fatigued employees in occupational groups. The expected agreement between the results of the CIS and related measures was confirmed. In conclusion, the CIS seems to be an appropriate instrument for measuring fatigue in the working population. (76320)
CIS 01-593 Killed on the clock: A population-based study of workplace homicide, 1977-1991. Moracco K.E., Runyan C.W., Loomis D.P., Wolf S.H., Napp D., Butts J.D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, June 2000, Vol.37, No.6, p.629-636. Illus. 34 ref. (In English) Internet: The epidemiology of workplace homicides in the US state of North Carolina is described, with emphasis on the circumstances. Workplace homicide victims were identified by age, sex, ethnicity and type of employment, and data were abstracted from the medical examiner system. Workplace homicide rates are highest for men, older and self-employed workers, minorities and people in specific occupations, especially taxi drivers. Robberies, mostly in retail settings, accounted for half of the cases, while 20% were known to involve disputes, the contexts of which differed by sex. Women were most likely to be killed by estranged partners. Preventive strategies need to address the specific contexts in which workplace homicide occurs, such as retail and taxi robberies, and law enforcement officers interacting with suspects. (76325)
CIS 01-594 Stress, health, and immunity: A review of the literature and implications for the nursing profession. Hillhouse J., Adler C., Holistic Nursing Practice, July 1991, Vol.5, No.4, p.22-31. 72 ref. (In English) Internet: Pneumoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of association between psychosocial stress, immune system functioning and health. This article reviews the published information on PNI as well as on psychosocial stress in nurses, and discusses the potential implications that nursing stress may have for nurses' health. A number of studies indicate that psychological distress, chronic stressors and acute stress lead to an immune system depression. Nursing is a stressful profession, with work overload, repeated experiences of separation and death and a constantly changing environment. Prolonged exposure to such stressors may result in emotional and physical deterioration and to burnout. Nurses are therefore good subjects for exploring the relationship between stress, the functioning of the immune system and health. (76355)
CIS 01-595 Immune dysfunction associated with chronic professional stress in nurses. De Gucht V., Fischler B., Demanet C., Psychiatry Research, 1999, Vol.85, No.1, p.105-111. 20 ref. (In English) Internet: The relationship between chronic professional stress and immunity as well as the possible psychopathology of this relationship were examined. Sixty nurses were selected on the basis of high or low scores of professional stress and psychopathology by means of questionnaires. Chronic professional stress appears to be associated with immune dysfunction including signs of immune activation and possibly immune suppression. The increase in activation markers, CD3+CD16CD56+ cells and serum neopterin was associated with high stress/low psychopathology whereas the decrease of CD8+CD11b+ cells was more pronounced in the high stress/high psychopathology group. In the presence of chronic stress, distinct psychological mechanisms may be associated with specific immune dysfunctions. (76356)
CIS 01-596 Work and mental health: An integrated program maintained by occupational health services and mental health centres. (Italian: Salute mentale e lavoro: azioni tecniche integrate tra i servizi di prevenzione igiene e sicurezza nei luoghi di lavoro e centri di salute mentale) Bosco M.G., Salerno S., Valcella F., Medicina del lavoro, Nov.-Dec. 1999, Vol.90, No.6, p.752-761. 30 ref. (In Italian) Internet: In the face of increasing risks of occupational stress, mobbing and burnout, mental health centres should assume the role prescribed by Italian law, and act within occupational health programmes. Two health services in the Latium region of Italy were analysed using the method of organizational congruence to determine actions concerning mental health at work. The current lack of integration of mental health services is pointed out and measures for improving organization, intervention and collaboration in this field are proposed. (76432)
CIS 01-597 Health and job satisfaction - Preliminary results. (French: Santé et satisfaction au travail - Premiers résultats) Joulain M., Casanova M., Martin Lemerle A., Maurier S., Partensky D., Théron M., Fonds H., Médecine et travail, Mar. 1999, No.1 (179), p.47-52. Illus. 15 ref. (In French) Internet: Préliminary results of the VISAT survey (survey on ageing, health, age and work, see also CIS 01-432) aimed at highlighting the role of working conditions throughout the length of professional life on health and how they affect ageing. Job satisfaction and health have been assessed by questionnaire in 2703 employees in 3 age groups. Results indicate a correlation between job satisfaction and global health level. (76437)
CIS 01-598 Job insecurity and health. (French: Précarisation au travail et santé) Helardot V., Médecine et travail, June 1999, No.2 (180), p.26-29. 20 ref. (In French) Internet: This article gives an overview of current knowledge of the relationship between health and job insecurity. Unemployment, restructuring of production activities and subcontracting have contributed to the casualization process which may lead to a series of symptoms that can be described as a "malaise" or, in a significant proportion of cases, as a depressive disorder. A sociological research study aimed at studying these relationships involved has been initiated. (76438)
CIS 01-599 Angels also make mistakes - Mechanisms and prevention of human error in hospital work. (Portuguese: Os anjos também erram - Mecanismos e prevenção da falha humana no trabalho hospitalar) Bulhões I., Ivone Bulhões, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2001. 294p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 85-901763-1-2 (In Portuguese) Internet: This publication treats the topic of medical error. A first section describes various incidents and accidents having occurred in hospitals. An analysis of the mechanisms of human error and of the types of error (non-intentional, voluntary acts) is then presented, together with proposed solutions for improving their prevention. Prevention involves improvements in working conditions, and more particularly in the working environment (physical environment, work time schedules) and in factors related to the task (complexity, information, training, planning, conflict management, stress), and an analysis of the probability of risk and human reliability. (76530)
CIS 01-600 Working together in Europe 1999. ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1999. 84p. (In English) Internet: Report of the Fourth International Private Sector Conference on Drugs in the Workplace and the Community held in Sundsvall, Sweden, 9-12 May 1999. Prevention of drug addiction at the workplace and the need for such programmes were discussed. The program of the conference placed great emphasis on practical action plans and the establishment of firm time-frames for their implementation. (76550)
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