CIS 00-1201 Act No. 2652 of 30 June 1999 on occupational safety and health [Slovenia]. (Slovenian: Zakon o varnosti in zdravju pri delu (ZVZD)) Uradni list Republike Slovenije, 13 July 1999, No.56, p.7063-7071. (In Slovenian)

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This law (effective 27 July 1999) defines the obligations of employers and employees with respect of occupational safety and health and specifies the institutions responsible for safety and health at the place of work. (75616)

CIS 00-1202 Government Decree No.878 of 9 June 2000 approving the National Plan of Action on Environmental Hygiene [Kazakhstan]. (Russian: Ob utverždenii Nacional'nogo plana dejstvij po gigiene okružajuščej sredy Respubliki Kazahstan) Aktiler Žinagy - Sobranie Aktov, 25 July 2000, No.26, p.99-140. (In Russian)

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The National Plan of Action concerns, among other things, the control of dangerous substances, protection against harmful radiation and the creation of healthy working conditions in workplaces. (75647)

CIS 00-1203 Federal Act No.12 amending article VI of the Federal Act No.450/1994 on worker protection and social security [Austria]. (German: 12. Bundesgesetz: Änderung des ArbeitnehmerInnenschutzgesetzes, Artikel VI des Bundesgesetzes BGBl. Nr. 450/1994 und des Allgemeinen Sozialversicherungsgesetzes) Bundesgesetzblatt für die Republik Österreich, 12 Jan. 1999, Part I, No.12, p.123-130. (In German)

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Federal Act amending several articles of Federal Act No.450/1994 on worker protection and repealing article VI (CIS 98-358). Topics: Austria; law; occupational safety and health; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; role of medical labour inspection; safety officers; workplaces. (75653)

CIS 00-1204 Act No.1995 of 16 December 1998 providing the list of physical injuries [Croatia]. (Croatian: Zakon o listi tjelesnih oštećenja) Narodne Novine, 22 Dec. 1998, No.162, p.3947-3954. (In Croatian)

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Topics: classification; compensation of occupational accidents; Croatia; degree of disability; injuries; law; physical hazards. (75658)

CIS 00-1205 Occupational Health and Safety Decree (Amendment) Act, 1999 (No.10 of 1999) [Seychelles]. Seychelles Official Gazette, 2 Nov. 1999, Supplement, p.65-77. (In English)

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This law amends Decree No.54 of 1978 (CIS 80-893) by substituting a schedule containing the form for notifying workplace accidents and occupational diseases, classifying accidents and dangerous occurrences, listing the parts of the body affected and specifying the causes of these incidents and accidents. Part IV of the schedule includes a list of occupational diseases requiring notification as well as the information that needs to be included in the medical records of workers affected by these diseases. The schedule provides a list of occupations presenting health hazards as well as occupations requiring safety goggles and screens. (75669)

CIS 00-1206 Royal Decree of 29 April 1999 on the approval of external services for technical controls at the place of work [Belgium]. (Dutch: Koninklijk besluit betreffende de erkenning van externe diensten voor technische controles op de werkplaats; French: Arrêté royal du 29 avril 1999 concernant l'agrément de services externes pour les contrôles techniques sur le lieu de travail [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 2 Sep. 1999, No.173, p.32464-32471. (In Dutch, French)

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This decree (effective 2 December 1999) defines the conditions for the approval, mode of operation and follow-up of organizations responsible for controlling the compliance of machinery, protective equipment and safety systems with safety standards. (75611)

CIS 00-1207 Presidential Decrees No.159, 160 and 163/99 extending to the Territory of Macao the provisions of certain ILO Conventions [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decretos do Presidente da República n°s 159, 160 e 163/99, [que] estendem ao território de Macau [certas] convenções da OIT) Diário da República, 8 July 1999, Series I-A, No.157, p.4237-4238. (In Portuguese)

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Presidential Decrees extending to the territory of Macao, in the same terms as those committing the Portuguese State, the provisions of ILO Conventions No.120 concerning hygiene in commerce and offices (see CIS 89-1759), No.155 concerning occupational safety and health and the working environment (CIS 82-890) and No.148 concerning the protection of workers against air pollution, noise and vibration (CIS 78-1198). (75613)

CIS 00-1208 Factories Ordinance - Factories (Provision and Use of Work Equipment) Regulations 1999 [Gibraltar]. Gibraltar Gazette, 3 June 1999, Second Supplement, No.3106, p.190-213. (In English)

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These regulations introduce into local legislation the provisions of Directive 89/655/EEC of 30 November 1989 concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at work (CIS 90-357). They concern the quality, maintenance and inspection of work equipment. The employer is required to inform workers on the conditions of use of the equipment. Special provisions are applicable to the dangerous parts of these machines, emergency stop devices and protective devices. Part III is devoted to mobile work equipment and Part IV to power presses. These regulations repeal the 1997 regulations (CIS 97-1769) on the same subject. (75617)

CIS 00-1209 Factories Ordinance - Factories (Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment) Regulations 1999 [Gibraltar]. Gibraltar Gazette, 3 June 1999, Second supplement, No.3106, p.177-189. (In English)

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These regulations introduce into local legislation the provisions of Directive 89/655/EEC of the Council of 30 November 1989 concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at work (CIS 90-357). They concern the safety measures applicable to lifting equipment and to persons involved in lifting operations, and contain provisions for the conditions of lifting. Lifting equipment must be the object of regular inspections for which the inspection reports need to be preserved. (75618)

CIS 00-1210 Decree No.5 of 11 May 1999 on the means, procedures and periodicity of risk evaluation [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Naredba No.5 ot 11 maj 1999 g. za reda, načina i periodičnostta na izvăršvane na ocenka na riska) Dăržaven vestnik, 21 May 1999, No.47, p.7-10. (In Bulgarian)

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This decree on hazard evaluation concerns procedures, equipment, workplaces, organization and work environment. Topics: Bulgaria; hazard evaluation; law; periodical checks; risk factors. (75619)

CIS 00-1211 Resolution No.001016 of 1989 (31 Mar. 1989) regulating the organization, operation and form of occupational health programmes to be implemented by employers in the country [Colombia]. (Spanish: Resolución número 001016 de 1989 (31 Marzo 1989) por la cual se reglamenta la organización, funcionamiento y forma de los Programas de Salud Ocupacional que deben desarrollar los patronos o empresarios en el país [Colombia]) Consejo Colombiano de Seguridad, Bogotá, Colombia, 1989. 12p. (In Spanish)

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This resolution was made in application of Decree No.614 of 1984 fixing organizational and administrative standards for occupational hygiene in Columbia (CIS 85-2080). (75648)

CIS 00-1212 Interministerial order of 8 Joumada Ethania 1419 corresponding to 29 September 1998 listing the occupations giving a right to compensation for harmful exposure defined by the National Economic and Social Commission [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 8 Joumada Ethania 1419 correspondant au 29 septembre 1998 fixant la liste des postes de travail ouvrant droit à l'indemnité de nuisance du Conseil national économique et social [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne démocratique et populaire, 21 Oct. 1998, Vol.37, No.78, p.18-19. (In French)

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Topics: Algeria; health hazards; law; list of occupations; workmen's compensation. (75654)

CIS 00-1213 Decree No. 3 of 27 July 1998 on the functions and tasks of senior management and specialized services of enterprises for the organization of activities related to protection from and prevention of occupational risks [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Naredba za izmenenie i dopălnenie na Naredba No.6 ot 1997 g. za izvăršvane na prevoz na trudnopodvižnilica) Dăržaven vestnik, 5 Aug. 1998, No.91, p.2-3. (In Bulgarian)

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Topics: Bulgaria; law; plant safety and health organization; safety and health institutions. (75655)

CIS 00-1214 Decision No.856 of 1998 of the Council of State with respect to the acquisition, safe use and inspection of machinery and other work equipment [Finland]. (Swedish: Statsrådets beslut om anskaffning, trygg användning och besiktning av maskiner och annan arbetsutrustning som används i arbete) Finlands författningssamling - Suomen säädöskokoelma, 30 Nov. 1998, No.856, p.2304-2317. (In Swedish)

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Implements in Finland Directive 89/655/EEC (see CIS 90-357) and its modification 95/63/EC (CIS 96-395). Topics: Finland; inspection; law; lifting equipment; machinery; maintenance; mechanical hazards; supervision of use of protective equipment; supply of personal protective equipment. (75659)

CIS 00-1215 Consultation agreements - Changes to consultation procedures: Final Rule [USA]. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 26 Oct. 2000, Vol.65, No.208, p.64282-64295. (In English)

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This final rule amends the OSHA regulations for federally-funded onsite safety and health consultation visits in the United States. The changes introduce: greater employee involvement in site visits; the requirement that employees be informed of the results of such visits; the requirement that the information concerning workplace consultation visits be kept confidential; an updating of the procedures for such visits. (75668)

CIS 00-1216 Act of 29 July 1998 to amend and supplement the Public Health Act [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Zakon za izmenenie i dopălnenie na Zakona za narodnoto zdrave) Dăržaven vestnik, 11 Aug. 1998, No.93, p.34-35. (In Bulgarian)

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Topics: Bulgaria; law; occupational safety and health; plant health services. (75656)

CIS 00-1217 Act No.1994 of 16 December 1998 providing the list of occupational diseases [Croatia]. (Croatian: Zakon o listi profesionalnih bolesti) Narodne Novine, 22 Dec. 1998, No.162, p.3944-3947. (In Croatian)

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Topics: compensation of occupational diseases; Croatia; law; schedule of occupational diseases. (75657)

CIS 00-1218 Notification No.577 of 1999: List of occupational diseases [Denmark]. (Danish: Bekendtgørelse om fortegnelse over erhvervssygdomme) Lovtidende A, 16 July 1999, Vol.106, No.577, p.3815-3824. (In Danish)

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This notification (effective 17 July 1999) contains provisions fixing the requirements for an illness to be accepted as an occupational illness and on the recognition of the right to compensation. (75612)

CIS 00-1219 Ordinance concerning the medical examination and expertise of workplace, professional and health aptitude [Hungary]. (Hungarian: 33/1998. (VI. 24.) NM rendelet a munkaköri, szakmai, illetve személyi higiénés alkalmasság orvosi vizsgálatáról és véleményezéséről) Internet document, 1998. (In Hungarian)

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http://net.jogtar.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=99800033.NM

This ordinance provides, among other provisions, for greater protection of workers in vulnerable groups (older workers, minors, pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, breastfeeding women). In annex: table outlining jobs at which work by workers belonging to certain vulnerable groups may be prohibited or restricted; types of work where there is increased risk of infection; sample forms to be used by physicians engaged in aptitude examinations. Includes the modifications introduced by Ordinance No.27/2000 (30 Sept.) of the Minister of Health. (75615)

CIS 00-1220 Petroleum Act of 1930 as amended in 1972 [Guyana]. The Laws of Guyana, Government of Guyana, 1973, p.3-24. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: approval; petroleum; containers; description of technique; flashpoints; Guyana; handling and storage; law; occupational safety; penalties; petroleum refining; sample processing; storage tanks; temperature measurement; vats; warning notices. (75649)

CIS 00-1221 Royal Decree 216/1999, of 5 February, containing the minimum provisions with respect to occupational safety and health in temporary employment agencies [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 216/1999, de 5 de febrero, sobre disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el ámbito de las empresas de trabajo temporal [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 24 Feb. 1999, No.47, p.7599-7602. (In Spanish)

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This Decree is made in application of Law No.31/1995 on the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921) and of Decree 39/1997 on occupational safety and health services (CIS 97-353). (75643)

CIS 00-1222 Royal Decree 258/1999, of 12 February, defining the minimum prescriptions to be followed in the area of health protection and medical assistance in favour of sailors [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 258/1999, de 12 de febrero, por el que se establecen condiciones mínimas sobre la protección de la salud y la asistencia médica de los trabajadores del mar [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 24 Feb. 1999, No.47, p.7614-7680. Illus. (In Spanish)

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http://www.mtas.es/insht/legislation/RD/RD258mar.htm

This Decree transposes into national legislation the provisions of the Council Directive 92/29/EEC of 31 March 1992, aimed at promoting better medical assistance on board vessels (CIS 94-755). (75644)

CIS 00-1223 Petroleum Regulations of 1930 as amended in 1972 [Guyana]. The Laws of Guyana, Government of Guyana, 1973, p.25-36 (In English)

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These Regulations are made in application of the Law of 1930 on petroleum activities (CIS 00-1220). Topics: approval; bulk liquid containers; calcium carbide; petroleum; dangerous substances; drums; Guyana; handling and storage; law; occupational safety; storage tanks; tankers. (75650)

CIS 00-1224 Health and Safety - The Quarries Regulations 1999 [United Kingdom]. The Stationery Office, The Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1999. 32p. Price: GBP 5.80., ISBN 0-11-082955-7 (In English)

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These regulations (effective 1 January 2000) list the various responsibilities of employers: preparation of a hygiene and safety document prior to undertaking any work; training of workers in hygiene and safety; inspection, maintenance and rescue plan; detection of explosive atmospheres. Parts V and VI concern the measures to be taken by employers with respect to explosives and excavations. Part VII deals with the responsibilities of workers and their participation. The Regulations modify the Mines and Quarries Act 1954 (CIS 89-1407) and repeal the Quarries (Explosives) Regulations 1988 (CIS 89-1434) and the Quarries Miscellaneous Health and Safety Provisions Regulations 1995 (CIS 95-1174). (75670)

CIS 00-1225 Decree-Law No.301/2000 of 18 Nov. regulating the protection of workers against the risks of exposure to carcinogenic and mutagenic agents at work [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto-Lei n°301/2000 de 18 de Novembro: Regula a protecção dos trabalhadores contra os riscos ligados à exposição a agentes cancerígenos ou mutagénicos durante o trabalho) Diário da República, 18 Nov. 2000, p.6588-6593. (In Portuguese)

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This Decree-Law transposes into Portuguese legislation the provisions of Directive 90/394/EEC (see CIS 90-1758), as modified by 97/42/EC (see CIS 99-17) and 99/38/EC. It covers: definitions; hazard evaluation; substitution and reduction in the levels of carcinogenic and mutagenic susbtances in the workplaces; reduction of exposure; hygienic and personal protective measures; informing the competent authorities; unforeseen or accidental exposure; regular or predictable exposure; access to risk zones; health monitoring; training, information and consultation of workers; registers and document archives. Decree-Laws 390/93 and 273/89 (see CIS 93-714) are revoked (the latter effective 29 Apr. 2003). In annex: occupational exposure limits (8h TWA) are set for benzene (3ppm until 27 June 2003, 1ppm thereafter), vinyl chloride monomer (3ppm) and wood dust (5mg/m³). (75614)

CIS 00-1226 Decree No.105 of 15 February 1999 amending the Working Conditions Decree concerning the duty to replace volatile organic substances [Netherlands]. (Dutch: Besluit van 15 februari 1999 tot wijziging van het Arbeidsomstandighedenbesluit betreffende een vervangingsplicht ten aanzien van vluchtige organische stoffen) Staatsblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, 1999, No.105, p.1-17. (In Dutch)

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The purpose of this decree is to prevent damage to the nervous system caused by occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds often used as solvents. (75620)

CIS 00-1227 Grand-Ducal Regulation of 10 July 1995 on fixing limit values for the protection of workers from the risks resulting from exposure to chemicals during work [Luxembourg]. (French: Règlement grand-ducal du 10 juillet 1995 relatif à la fixation de valeurs limites concernant la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à une exposition à des agents chimiques pendant le travail [Luxembourg]) Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 7 Aug. 1995, A-No.63, p.1532. (In French)

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Regulation amending the Law of 20 May 1988 on the protection of workers against risks of exposure to chemical, physical and biological agents during work (CIS 92-1404). It establishes new exposure limits for 7 substances. (75645)

CIS 00-1228 Grand-Ducal Regulation of 28 February 1999 amending the Grand-Ducal Regulation of 10 July 1995 on the fixing of limit values for the protection of workers against the risks resulting from exposure to chemicals during work [Luxembourg]. (French: Règlement grand-ducal du 28 février 1999 modifiant le Règlement grand-ducal du 10 juillet 1995 relatif à la fixation de valeurs limites concernant la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à une exposition à des agents chimiques pendant le travail [Luxembourg]) Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 17 Mar. 1999, A-No.26, p.657-658. (In French)

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This Regulation amends the Grand-Ducal Regulation of 1995 (CIS 00-1227) by appending Annexe II of the Commission Directive 96/94/EC of 18 December 1996 establishing a second list of occupational exposure limit values (CIS 97-9). (75646)

CIS 00-1229 Comm. directive 98/98/EC of 15.12.1998 adapting to technical progress for the 25th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances [European Communities]. (French: Dir. 98/98/CE..., du 15.12.1998, portant 25e adaptation... de la dir. 67/548/CEE... concernant le rapprochement des dispositions législatives, réglementaires et administratives relatives à la classification, l'emballage et l'étiquetage des substances dangereuses [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 30 Dec. 1998, Vol.41, No.L 355, p.1-624. Illus. (In English, French)

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Commission directive 98/98/EC of 15 December 1998 adapting to technical progress for the 25th time Council Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (CIS 92-23). (75651)

CIS 00-1230 Official Standard on the system for the identification of dangerous chemical substances in workplaces and on hazard communication in connection with these substances [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana: Sistema para la identificación y comunicación de peligros y riesgos por sustancias químicas peligrosas en los centros de trabajo [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 27 Oct. 2000, Vol.DLXV, No.20, p.24-58. Illus. 6 ref. (In Spanish)

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This standard is a revision of the one issued on the same topic as NOM-114-STPS-1994. Contents: objectives; scope of application; definitions and symbols; obligations of employers and workers; identification system; training and communications about chemicals; responsible organizations for verification. In annex: identification and and labelling systems (incl. safety colours); training requirements; contents of material safety data sheets; standards for safety signs (rectangular and rhomboid); classification by type and risk category of approx. 1000 substances. (75652)

CIS 00-1231 Circular No.05/1999/TT-BYT of March 27, 1999 guiding the declaration, registration and issue of certificates of eligibility for use of substances subject to strict labor sanitation requirements [Vietnam]. Công Báo - Official Gazette, 15 July 1999, No.26, p.34-39. (In English)

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This circular defines the procedure for the notification, registration and certification of activities involving the use of hazardous substances subject to specific requirements. The appendix includes a list of substances for which this procedure is applicable. (75662)

CIS 00-1232 Ordinance No.505 of 1999 amending the Ordinance No.242 respecting work with carcinogenic chemicals [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift om endring i forskrift om arbeid med kreftframkallende kjemikalier) Norsk Lovtidend, 7 July 1999, Part I, Vol.11, No.505, p.1275-1276. (In Norwegian)

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This ordinance amends ordinance No.242 of 1998 on the use of carcinogenic substances at work (CIS 99-12). The amendments apply to threshold limit values, responsibilities of employers and the implementation of a right to information on hazard evaluation for employees and their representatives. (75663)

CIS 00-1233 Interministerial Order of 15 June 1999 on the technical rules to be followed by enterprises conducting asbestos confinement and removal activities [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté interministériel du 15 juin 1999 relatif aux règles techniques que doivent respecter les entreprises effectuant des activités de confinement et de retrait de l'amiante [Algérie]) Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 26 Sep. 1999, No.68, p.4-6. (In French)

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This interministerial Order specifies the compulsory collective and individual protective measures during activities involving the confinement and removal of asbestos, or of friable materials containing asbestos. (75666)

CIS 00-1234 Act No.69-FZ on protection against fire, as amended to 25 December 1997 [Russian Federation]. (Russian: Federal'nyj zakon ot 18 nojabrja 1994 g. o požarnoj bezopasnosti) Zakon: Žurnal dlja delovyh ljudei, Oct. 1998, No.10, p.5-21. (In Russian)

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Topics: fire prevention; fire, explosions; law; Russian Federation. (75660)

CIS 00-1235 Ordinance No.1047 of 1998 respecting safety at work in high-tension plants [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift om sikkerhet ved arbeid i og drift av høyspenningsanlegg) Norsk Lovtidend, 9 Dec. 1998, Part I, Vol.20, No.1047, p.1631-1640. (In Norwegian)

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Topics: electrical safety; electricity; high voltage; law; live work equipment; Norway; plant safety organization; power generation and distribution; work on electrical equipment. (75642)

CIS 00-1236 Act No.1142 of 1998 to amend the Act No.592 of 1991 to protect against radiation [Finland]. (Swedish: Lag om ändring av strålskyddslagen) Finlands författningssamling - Suomen säädöskokoelma, 30 Dec. 1998, No.1142, p.3093-3097. (In Swedish)

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This Act modifies the 1991 Act by introducing a new definition of what constitutes radiation work, and it introduces changes into Chapters 9 (workers' protection, medical supervision, workers' rights, training, age limits) and 10 (protection during medical use of radiation). (75641)

CIS 00-1237 Act No.VIII-1190 of 20 May 1999 on Treatment of Radioactive Waste [Lithuania]. (Russian: Zakon Litovskoj Respubliki ot 20 maja 1999 g. No.VIII-1190 - Ob obraščenii s radioaktivnymi othodami) Vedomosti Litovskoj Respubliki, 10 July 1999, No.19, p.2-13. (In Russian)

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This law regulates the relationships between legal entities and individuals involved in radioactive waste processing, and contains the legal basis for the processing. It defines the scope of responsibility of the State institutions in this area and specifies the tasks, status and activities of the Agency responsible for radioactive waste processing. (75664)

CIS 00-1238 Act No.1741 of 1st October 1999 on protection against non-ionizing radiation [Croatia]. (Croatian: Zakon o zaštiti od neionizirajućih zračenja) Narodne Novine, 13 Oct. 1999, No.105, p.3720-3725. (In Croatian)

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This law concerns the principles and protective measures against non-ionizing radiation, as well as their implementation (effective 20 October 1999). (75667)

CIS 00-1239 Official standard NOM-026-NUCL-1999 on the medical surveillance of persons exposed to ionizing radiation at the place of work [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-026-NUCL-1999 - Vigilancia médica del personal ocupacionalmente expuesto a radiaciones ionizantes [México]) Diario Oficial de la Federación, 5 July 1999, No.3, p. 43-49. (In Spanish)

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This standard specifies the details required in the medical records and the compulsory medical tests for workers exposed to ionizing radiation, as well as the fitness requirements for applicants to positions involving exposure to ionizing radiation. (75665)

CIS 00-1240 Factories ordinance - Factories (Control of Biological Agents at Work) Regulations 1999 [Gibraltar]. Gibraltar Gazette, 15 Apr. 1999, Second supplement, No.3098, p.99-130. (In English)

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These regulations transpose into local legislation the provisions of Council Directive 90/679 of 26 November 1990 on the protection of workers against biological agents at work (CIS 91-29). They provide for an evaluation of the hazards due to biological agents, as well as preventive and control measures. They also contain special provisions for laboratories and medical and dentistry offices. An appendix includes a classification of biological agents. (75661)

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CIS 00-1241 Diazomethane. (Spanish: Diazometano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1256. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: corrosive for the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; inhalation of vapour may cause pulmonary oedema or asthmatic reactions; liquid may cause frostbite; exposure above the OEL may cause death. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated exposure may cause asthma; diazomethane is possibly carcinogenic in humans and may have effects on reproduction. Threshold limit value: 0.2ppm; A2 (ACGIH 1998). (75531)

CIS 00-1242 Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether. (French: Ether dibutylique de l'éthylène glycol; Spanish: Etilenglicol dibutil éter) Available on the Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcs/icstart.html; Spanish version also from: Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1996. 2p. (In English, French, Spanish)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and skin absorption. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: periodic medical examination is indicated; insufficient data are available on the effect of this substance on human health, therefore utmost care must be taken. (75532)

CIS 00-1243 1,2-Dichlorobenzene. (Spanish: 1,2-Diclorobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1066. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; effects on the central nervous system; lowering of consciousness; the liquid, left on the skin, may produce blistering. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may induce skin sensitization; the substance may have effects on the liver and kidneys. Threshold limit value: 25ppm; A4 (as TWA); 50ppm; A4 (as STEL) (ACGIH 1998). (75533)

CIS 00-1244 1,2-Dichloroethane. (Spanish: 1,2-Dicloroetano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0250. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; effects on the central nervous system, kidneys, liver, resulting in impaired functions. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may cause dermatitis; the substance is probably carcinogenic in humans. Threshold limit value: 10ppm (as TWA); A4 (ACGIH 1998). (75534)

CIS 00-1245 1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene. (Spanish: 1,2-Dicloro-3-nitrobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0251. International Chemical Safety Card. Insufficient data are available on the effect of this substance on human health, therefore utmost care must be taken. (75535)

CIS 00-1246 1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene. (Spanish: 1,2-Dicloro-4-nitrobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0254. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: inhalation. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin and eyes; effects on blood (methaemoglobinaemia). (75536)

CIS 00-1247 1,3-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene. (Spanish: 1,3-Dicloro-4-nitrobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0252. International Chemical Safety Card. Insufficient data are available on the effect of this substance on human health, therefore utmost care must be taken. (75537)

CIS 00-1248 Dichlorprop. (Spanish: Diclorprop) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0038. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Ingestion may cause diarrhoea, headache, nausea and vomiting. Long-term exposure effects: possible contamination with compounds which might be carcinogenic means that special care should be taken to avoid exposure; depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is indicated. (75538)

CIS 00-1249 Dicofol. (Spanish: Dicofol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0752. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure routes: inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract; effects on the central nervous system, the liver and the kidney. Long-term exposure effects: prolonged or repeated contact may cause dermatitis. (75539)

CIS 00-1250 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. (Spanish: Dietilditiocarbamato de sodio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0446. International Chemical Safety Card. Exposure route: ingestion. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the skin. Health effects of exposure to the substance have been investigated, but none have been found. (75540)

CIS 00-1251 4,4'-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, Sep. 2000. 32p. 16 ref., ISBN 90-5549-336-8 (In English)

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Main topics covered: survey of carcinogenicity studies suitable for risk estimation in the occupational environment; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals under life-time low-dose exposure; health risk in humans; calculation of health-based conditions; occupational cancer risk values; occupational exposure limits. The additional lifetime estimated cancer risk for 4,4'-methylenebis(chloroaniline) is estimated to be 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.02mg/m³ and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 2mg/m³. The substance is listed as a carcinogen in several countries (e.g., the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, the United States). Occupational exposure limits range from 0.005mg/m³ (United Kingdom) to 0.11mg/m³ (USA - ACGIH). Summary in Dutch. (75551)

CIS 00-1252 Epichlorohydrin (1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane) - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, Sep. 2000. 32p. 15 ref., ISBN 90-5549-337-6 (In English)

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Main topics covered: survey of carcinogenicity studies suitable for risk estimation in the occupational environment; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals under life-time low-dose exposure conditions; health risk in humans; calculation of health-based occupational cancer risk values; occupational exposure limits. The additional lifetime estimated cancer risk for epichlorohydrin is estimated to be 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.19mg/m³ and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 19mg/m³. The substance is listed as a carcinogen in several countries (e.g., the Netherlands, Germany, the United Kingdom, Sweden, the United States). Occupational exposure limits range from 1.9mg/m³ (Sweden, USA - ACGIH) to 12mg/m³ (Germany). Summary in Dutch. (75552)

CIS 00-1253 Urethane (ethyl carbamate) - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, Sep. 2000. 34p. 12 ref., ISBN 90-5549-339-2 (In English)

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Main topics covered: survey of carcinogenicity studies suitable for risk estimation in the occupational environment; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals under life-time low-dose exposure; health risk to humans; calculation of health-based conditions; occupational cancer risk values; occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile. The additional lifetime estimated cancer risk for ethyl cabamate is estimated to be 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.002mg/m³ and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.2mg/m³. The substance is listed as a carcinogen in several countries (e.g., the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom). Summary in Dutch. (75553)

CIS 00-1254 Aziridine (ethylene imine) - Health-based calculated occupational cancer risk values. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (DECOS), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 16052, 2500 BB Den Haag, Netherlands, Sep. 2000. 30p. 11 ref., ISBN 90-5549-335-x (In English)

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Main topics covered: survey of carcinogenicity studies suitable for risk estimation in the occupational environment; carcinogenic activity in experimental animals under life-time low-dose exposure; health risk to humans; calculation of the health-based conditions; occupational cancer risk values; occupational exposure limits; toxicity profile. The additional lifetime estimated cancer risk for 4,4'-methylenebis(chloroaniline) is estimated to 4 x 10^-5 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 0.9µg/m³ and 4 x 10^-3 for 40 years of occupational exposure to 90µg/m³. The substance is listed as a carcinogen in several countries (e.g., the Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom, Sweden, the United States). Of these countries, occupational exposure limits exist in Germany (0.9mg/m³ - TRK) and the United States (0.88mg/m³ - ACGIH). Summary in Dutch. (75554)

CIS 00-1255 Bromochloromethane - Risk assessment document. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 114p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1842-0 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the effects of bromochloromethane (BCM) in humans; animal studies indicate that it is readily absorbed via inhalation, oral and dermal routes; the vapour is also readily absorbed by the skin. Limited information from accident investigation reports indicates that BCM in vapour and liquid form is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. There are no data on effects of repeated exposure to BCM in humans; animal studies indicate that the target organs are the liver and the kidney following inhalation and oral exposure; CNS effects after oral exposure have also been observed. BCM is a bacterial cell mutagen. There are no data available on carcinogenic or reproductive effects nor the sensitization potential of BCM. The United States and many European countries (but not the United Kingdom) have set occupational exposure limits for BCM at 200ppm (8h TWA) and 250ppm (15min STEL). (75555)

CIS 00-1256 Chlorine dioxide - Risk assessment document. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 63p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1844-7 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the effects of chlorine dioxide exposure; it is an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract. Chlorine dioxide is an in vitro mutagen in mammalian cells. There are no data available on carcinogenic or reproductive effects nor the sensitization potential of chlorine dioxide. Occupational exposure limits in most major countries (including the United Kingdom - OES and the United States - ACGIH) are 0.1ppm (8h-TWA) and 0.3ppm (STEL). (75556)

CIS 00-1257 Methyl cyanoacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate - Risk assessment document. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 68p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1843-9 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the toxicokinetics of methyl cyanoacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate. Vapours and aerosols are irritant to the eyes and the respiratory tract. There is no clear evidence of occup skin sensitization and little evidence of occupational asthma although in a number of case reports asthma has been linked to exposure to methyl cyanoacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate. There are no studies on effects of repeated exposure of ethyl cyanoacrylate in humans; overall effects of methyl cyanoacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate are local irritant responses. Methyl cyanoacrylate is a mutagen in S. tiphimurium whereas ethyl cyanoacrylate gives negative results; both seem unlikely to express mutagenic properties in vivo. There are no data available on carcinogenic or reproductive effects. Both substances have an OES of 0.3ppm (15min reference period) in the United Kingdom. No 8h-TWA has been set. (75557)

CIS 00-1258 Mononitrophenols. Boehncke A., Koennecker G., Mangelsdorf I., Wibbertmann A., International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. iv, 39p. 165 ref. Price: CHF 16.00 (CHF 11.20 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153020-0 (In English)

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http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad20.pdf

2-Nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol are used as intermediates in the synthesis of a number of organophosphorus pesticides and some medical products. 2-Nitrophenol is slightly irritant to the skin. In acute toxicity studies on animals 4-nitrophenol was found to be more toxic than 2-nitrophenol. Workers may be exposed to 2- and 4-nitrophenol via inhalation and skin contact. Animal tests showed no carcinogenic effects nor significant reproductive effects. The appropriate International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) is given. Summaries in French and in Spanish. (75558)

CIS 00-1259 2-Furaldehyde. Cary R., Dobson S., Gregg N., International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. iv, 27p. Illus. 89 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153021-9 (In English)

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http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad21.pdf

2-Furaldehyde is present in many food items. Industrial uses include production of resins, abrasive wheels and refractories, refining of lubrication oils and solvent recovery. Furfural vapour is absorbed by the lungs and the skin. The only effect reported on humans is irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. There is no information on carcingenicity and reproductive effects in humans. Furfural was shown to be carcinogenic in animal studies. Furfural is carcinogenic in vitro but its genotoxic potential is less certain in vivo. The appropriate International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) is given. Summaries in French and in Spanish. (75559)

CIS 00-1260 Ethylene glycol: Environmental aspects. Dobson S., International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2000. iii, 24p. Illus. 88 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153022-7 (In English)

Internet:
http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad22.pdf

Two-thirds of the word production of ethylene glycol is used as a chemical intermediate and one-fourth as an antifreeze in engine coolants. It is also used as a runway de-icer in airports; in this case the local release is important. Tests show that ethylene glycol is readily biodegradable. Pure ethylene glycol has generally low toxicity in organisms; ethylene glycol-based de-icers however show greater toxicity. Studies in the vicinity of an airport have reported toxic signs in aquatic organisms, fish kills and reduced biodiversity, but these effects cannot be attributed with certainty to ethylene glycol. Terrestrial organisms are less exposed and show low sensitivity. The appropriate International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC) is given. Summaries in French and in Spanish. (75560)

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CIS 00-1261 Publications and videos translated into English. Arbetarskyddsstyrelson, National Board of Occupation Safety and Health, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1998. 14p. (In English)

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Topics: audiovisual material; catalogue; film catalogue; safety films; safety literature; Sweden; training manuals; training material; translation. (75563)

CIS 00-1262 HSE Books - Price list 1998 - Technical and research. HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 22p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: catalogue; legislation; safety and health documentation; safety literature; training manuals; training material; United Kingdom. (75567)

CIS 00-1263 Catalogue of CONCAWE reports. CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1030 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1997. 46p. (In English)

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Topics: atmospheric pollution; catalogue; dangerous substances; environment; environmental pollution; motor fuel; neighbourhood protection; noise; occupational hygiene; occupational safety; petroleum and natural gas industry; piping; pollution control; training manuals; training material. (75568)

CIS 00-1264 1998 Safety, health and environmental resources catalog. National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca, IL 60143, USA, 1998. 160p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: audiovisual material; catalogue; film catalogue; poster catalogue; safety and health documentation; safety films; safety literature; safety posters; training manuals; training material; USA. (75570)

CIS 00-1265 Publications of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health - 1998. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1998. 8p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: catalogue; Finland; occupational hygiene; public OSH institutions; safety literature; training manuals; training material. (75564)

CIS 00-1266 Special issue: Protection against cement-induced skin diseases. (French: Numéro spécial: Protection contre les dermatoses provoquées par le ciment; German: Schutz vor Hautkrankheiten durch Zement; Italian: Protezione dalle malattie cutanee causate dal cemento) Abderhalden R., Hofer H., Jacobs F., Rast H., Bulletin du ciment, Mar. 1999, special issue, p.1-11 (whole issue). Illus. 5 ref. (In French, German, Italian)

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Eczema due to cement is one of the most frequent skin diseases in Switzerland among construction workers. Approximately 100 new cases are reported every year. Eczema due to cement can be classified into two main groups: toxico-irritant eczemas and allergic eczemas. Workers at risk are primarily masons, unskilled labourers and tilers whose skin is frequently in contact with mortar. Protective measures consist primarily in limiting contact with harmful substances, using products to protect the skin and washing hands carefully after work. When wearing gloves, cotton gloves with nitrile coating are to be preferred to leather gloves. Implementation of a skin protection plan at the company or the construction site allows taking into account individual conditions of the workplaces. (75604)

CIS 00-1267 Back in work - Managing back pain in the workplace. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Oct. 2000. 15p. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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This booklet aimed at managers and employees safety of small enterprises, safety representatives and other persons responsible for health and safety. It gives guidance for developing the right arrangements to manage back pain and summarizes employers' legal responsibilities. Main topics covered: identifying the problem; treatment and rehabilitation; minimizing the risk at the workplace. (75607)

CIS 00-1268 Securing health together. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. viii, 40p. 21 ref. (In English)

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This publication presents a long-term occupational health strategy developed jointly by Government bodies concerned by occupational health and other interested parties. Its goal is to reduce ill health caused by work, to help people to return to work after illness, to improve work opportunities for unemployed people due to ill health or disability and to use the work environment to improve workers' health. To achieve these targets, five programmes of work relating to compliance with legislation, continuous improvement, acquiring knowledge by data collection, identifying and developing necessary skills, and support (information and setting up of suitable frameworks) have been implemented. (75610)

CIS 00-1269 Occupational safety in oxyacetylene welding. (Portuguese: Segurança do trabalho na soldagem oxiacetilênica) Magrini R.O., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 2nd ed., 1999. 70p. Illus. 23 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Guidance to safe acetylene welding. Main topics covered: description of the oxyacetylene system; hazards due to the use of oxygen and acetylene; safety devices and requirements for their use; safe operation (preparing the equipment, igniting the blowpipe; welding; extinguishing the blowpipe; putting away the equipment; use of personal protective equipment). (75579)

CIS 00-1270 Manual packing in the brick industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Oct. 2000. 13p. 11 ref. (In English)

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This booklet aimed at managers, safety representatives and employees contains practical guidance on avoiding risks from manual packing in the brick and refractories industry. Main topics covered: musculoskeletal disorders; risk assessment of the various tasks; risk factors (workstation design, posture, weight lifted, strenuousness of the work, work conditions and social factors); risk reduction methods (workstation improvement, training on safe manual handling, improved work organization, health monitoring). (75606)

CIS 00-1271 Print and multimedia - Catalogue 98. (French: Edition et audiovisuel - Catalogue 98) Organisme Professionnel de Prévention du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics (OPPBTP), Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1998. 42p. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: audiovisual material; catalogue; construction industry; film catalogue; France; safety and health documentation; safety films; safety literature; training manuals; training material. (75569)

CIS 00-1272 Telework - The healthy way: hints for health-compatible telework. (German: Telearbeit - gesund gestaltet: Tips für gesundheitsverträgliche Telearbeit) Ertel M., Maintz G., Ullsperger P., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany, 1996. 43p. Illus. 17 ref. (In German)

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A practical guide to telecommuting, and to its organizational and health aspects. Main topics: definition; risks and advantages of telecommuting; legal aspects; interference with home and family; aptitude for telecommuting; special aspects of computer screens; health risks (vision, musculoskeletal disorders) and their prevention. The literature references are provided with commentary. (75674)

CIS 00-1273 The worker's ABC - Accident prevention when using pesticides. (Portuguese: Cartilha do trabalhador - Prevenção de acidentes no uso de agrotóxicos) Prado Alves Filho J., Garcia Garcia E., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 12p. Illus. (In Portuguese)

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This booklet aimed at agricultural workers gives basic guidance on how to avoid health hazards when using agricultural chemicals. Main topics covered: different classes of agricultural chemicals (insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, raticides, acaricides, nematocides); exposure routes (skin absorption, inhalation, ingestion); symptoms and action in the case of intoxication; safe handling of agricultural chemicals (personal protective equipment, recommendations for application); personal hygiene; label colours for different toxicological classes. (75577)

CIS 00-1274 Check list - Acids and bases. (French: Liste de contrôle - Acides et bases; German: Checkliste - Säuren und Laugen; Italian: Lista di controllo - Acidi e liscive) Suva, Gesundheitsschutz, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, [1999?]. 4p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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Check list of 20 safety measures for the handling and storage of acids and bases. Topics: acids; bases, alkalis; check lists; corrosive substances; personal protective equipment; plant safety organization; safe working methods; Switzerland; training manuals; training material. (75603)

CIS 00-1275 Check list - Storage of highly flammable liquids. (French: Liste de contrôle - Stockage de liquides facilement inflammables; German: Checkliste - Lagern von leichtbrennbaren Flüssigkeiten; Italian: Lista di controllo - Stoccaggio di liquidi facilmente infiammabili) Suva, Gesundheitsschutz, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, [1999?]. 4p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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The purpose of this 20-item check list for the safe storage of highly flammable liquids is to highlight safety deficiencies and to facilitate the development and implementation of a plan of safety measures. (75602)

CIS 00-1276 Liquefied gas: Safe changing of bottles. (French: Gaz liquéfié: changement de bouteilles sans danger) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (SUVA), Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1st ed., Apr. 1998. 12p. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: gas cylinders; gaskets; liquefied gases; pressure reducing valves; safe working methods; safety rules; Switzerland; training manuals; training material. (75561)

CIS 00-1277 Check list - Gas cylinders. (French: Liste de contrôle - Bouteilles de gaz; German: Checkliste - Gasflaschen; Italian: Lista di controllo - Bombole di gas) Suva, Gesundheitsschutz, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, [1999?]. 4p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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The purpose of this 17-item check list for the safe use of gas cylinders is to highlight safety deficiencies in transport, storage, connecting, airtightness and workers' training. (75601)

CIS 00-1278 Publications catalogue '98 '99. The Loss Prevention Council, Melrose Avenue, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire WD6 2B, United Kingdom, 1999. 28p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: catalogue; fire prevention; major hazards; safety literature; training manuals; training material; United Kingdom. (75565)

CIS 00-1279 Safety in working with lift trucks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., Oct. 2000. iv, 52p. Illus. 36 ref. Price: GBP 6.50., ISBN 0-7176-1781-5 (In English)

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Contents of this revised code of practice (see CIS 93-1372 for previous edition): employers' duties; types of lift-truck; selection and training of lift-truck operators; authorizations to drive; layout and maintenance of driving and parking areas; protection of pedestrians (by segregation, audible warning devices, flashing beacons on trucks) and operators (high-visibility clothing, roll-over protective structures, head protection); maintenance and control of lift-trucks; motive power and risks of fire or explosion; attachments; safe operation of lift-trucks (stacking and de-stacking, counterbalanced trucks, reach-trucks, tandem lifting, working platforms), trailers and loading platforms; maintenance; training facilities; medical standards for truck operators. (75609)

CIS 00-1280 Maintenance of high-resistant bolt assemblies. (French: Maintenance d'assemblages par boulons haute résistance (HR); Italian: Manutenzione di collegamenti bullonati ad alta sollecitazione) Meire R., Suva, Schweizerische Unfallsversicherungsanstalt, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 4th ed., Mar. 2000. 22p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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This booklet is aimed at maintenance specialists on construction sites or in machine workshops. It contains basic information on high-resistant bolt assemblies and explains how to perform the maintenance work rationally and safely. (75605)

CIS 00-1281 1998 - Ergonomics - Books and journals catalogue. Taylor & Francis Publishers Ltd, Rankine Road, Basingstocke, Hants, RG24 8PR, United Kingdom, 1998. 37p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: catalogue; ergonomics; safety literature; training manuals; training material; United Kingdom. (75566)

CIS 00-1282 Improving maintenance - A guide to reducing human error. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. vi, 74p. Illus. 18 ref. Price: GBP 16.00., ISBN 0-7176-1818-8 (In English)

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This guidance aimed at persons responsible for or involved in the management of maintenance in organizations of all sizes, but particularly in SMEs, provides practical advice and tools for improving the quality of maintenance activities through the reduction of human factor risks. Main topics covered: maintenance risks; factors affecting human performance; assessment method to identify the issues affecting performance of maintenance staff and prioritisation of areas for improvement; management issues for maintenance improvement. Appendices present questionnaires for ranking the priority issues. (75608)

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CIS 00-1283 A text retrieval method for the European Commission's MARS database: Selecting human error related accidents. Kirchsteiger C., Ruhston A., Kawka N., Safety Science, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.32, No.2-3, p.71-91. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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In a world of "over-information" (much gossip, little knowledge), successful information management increasingly depends on the use of sophisticated methods to effectively extract relevant knowledge from that already acquired on some topic and in some format, for application according to current topics and formats of interests. In this paper, a quite general approach to knowledge elicitation from industrial accident databases is presented and its implementation in the European Commission's Major Accident Reporting System (MARS) database is discussed. Its practical applicability is demonstrated by deriving lessons learned from major industrial accidents notified to MARS from member states of the European Union under the mandatory requirements of the "Seveso Directive" with regard to the contribution of human errors to such events. (75391)

CIS 00-1284 A registry-based case-control study of risk factors for the development of multiple non-fatal injuries on the job. Li C.Y., Du C.L., Chen C.J., Sung F.C., Occupational Medicine, 1999, Vol.49, No.5, p.331-334. 10 ref. (In English)

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In order to explore factors associated with risk of sustaining multiple non-fatal injuries in the workplace, a case-control study nested within a cohort of 77,846 active workers who experienced at least one incidence of non-fatal work-related injury between 1994 and 1996 was conducted using compensation records of Taiwan. Cases (n = 2,616) were workers with more than three incidences of non-fatal injury during the study period and controls (n = 3,974) were randomly sampled from workers who experienced only one incidence of non-fatal injury during the same period. Compared with construction workers, workers employed in mining and quarrying (OR = 2.7), manufacturing (OR = 1.2), commerce (OR = 1.6), transport, storage and communication (OR = 1.3) and social, personal and community service (OR = 1.4) were all at significantly elevated risk of multiple non-fatal injuries. Both age and wage showed a significant dose-response effect on the risk of developing multiple non-fatal injuries. (75467)

CIS 00-1285 Growing in safety - Focussed research among professionals of the technical and engineering sector. (Italian: Crescere in sicurezza - Ricerca mirata tra professionisti del settore tecnico-ingegneristico) Delai N., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.54-73. (In Italian)

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A survey of the experience of 1600 industrial experts concerning their involvement in industrial safety and prevention performed through questionnaire is reported. The effects of introducing Decree 626/94 (see CIS 96-1531) on industrial safety in Italy were evaluated by geographical area and industry type. It was concluded that improvements achieved in recent years in industrial safety are considerable, but still insufficient. One needs to transform the vicious cycle (neglect and damage) by the virtuous cycle (anticipation, organization of safety). Particularly in smaller enterprises, a need exists for simplified procedures and for consistent reference publications on safety. It is suggested that the country needs a "Safety pact". Continued education in safety is seen as one of the requirements for the industrial safety consultant. (75627)

CIS 00-1286 Occupational health education in Poland: New needs, new requirements, new programmes. Indulski J.A., Boczkowski A., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Jan.-Mar. 1999, Vol.12, No.1, p.3-13. 7 ref. (In English)

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The modern work environment in Poland requires new approaches to the responsibilities of occupational health specialists to the organization and management of workers' health care and to general principles of the occupational health, including legislation. The new requirements in all three areas must be addressed in the design of new training programmes in occupational health. The growing interest in the quality of the training should be expressed in the activities aiming at the development of procedures to assess the effectiveness of the training. It seems also necessary to adopt the active learning approach intensifying acquisition and verification of knowledge and skills. This approach would also lead to deeper changes in the students' mentality and behaviour, e.g. to make them able to estimate their own and others' levels of professional competence or shape the personal system of professional values under the conditions of the free-market economy in health care services, entailing quality requirements for the services and competition among its providers. (75405)

CIS 00-1287 Marketing health and safety management expertise to small enterprises. Tait R., Walker D., Safety Science, Nov. 2000, Vol.36, No.2, p.95-110. Illus. 47 ref. (In English)

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Small enterprises employ around 44% of the UK workforce. In certain important accident categories, they have a poorer record than large enterprises. Health and safety consultants have an important role in assisting the managers of small enterprises develop their skills in safety and health management. However, many enterprises do not take up the opportunity of using consultants. This document uses the principles of marketing to address this issue and considers how appropriate marketing techniques may be usefully applied to the service provided by safety and health consultants for small enterprises. It takes into consideration the characteristics of the enterprises and their managers, and concludes by suggesting a number of potential strategies that may be adopted by training providers, other intermediaries and consultants to encourage more use of consultants by small enterprises and to enhance the services provided by consultants. (75422)

CIS 00-1288 Training profiles and occupational safety and health training needs among public-sector employees in Spain. (Spanish: Perfiles formativos y necesidades de formación en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales de los empleados públicos españoles) Maestro J., Montero M.A., Rivero M.R., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.7, p.4-15. Illus. 31 ref. (In Spanish)

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Results of a questionnaire survey on the training profiles of public-sector employees in Spain and on their training needs in the area of occupational safety and health. 67.9% of respondents had not received any occupational safety and health training in the five years preceding the survey. A majority (80%) of those who had received training had been taught only the most basic aspects of occupational safety and health; 37.2% received no training in occupational diseases. The three topics on which most public-sector employees would like to be informed are occupational stress, ways of coping with stress (work organization) and safety specific to their activity. (75523)

CIS 00-1289 Accidents, employment, workload and degree of risk of work. (Spanish: Accidentes, empleo, carga de trabajo y peligrosidad del trabajo) Castellá López J.L., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.7, p.16-25. Illus. (In Spanish)

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This article presents a mathematical model for estimating trends in the rate of occupational accidents as a function of the level of employment, based on the hypothesis that the number of accidents is a function of the number of workers employed, workload and degree of risk of the work. This model is used for analysing the trends in accidents during the period ranging from 1994 to 1999 and to estimate the accidents avoided thanks to improvements in working conditions and safety from 1977 to 1999. (75524)

CIS 00-1290 Methodology for evaluating the economic impact of occupational accidents. (Spanish: Metodología para la evaluación económica de los accidentes de trabajo) Gil Fisa A., Pujol Senovilla L., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.7, p.27-38. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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A simple method was developed to evaluate the cost of occupational accidents in small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). Variables taken into consideration include lost time during or because of the accident, losses caused by the accident, general expenses resulting from the accident and the time devoted to the accident by persons not directly involved (inquiry into the causes of the accident, administrative follow-up of the case). Data necessary for the evaluation were collected with the help of seven standard questionnaires and tables enabling the correction of certain factors as a function of the number of employees and the type of organization. An example of the application of the method is presented. (75525)

CIS 00-1291 The European Agency for Workplace Safety and Health. (German: Europäische Agentur für Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz an Arbeitsplatz) Rentrop M., Die BG, Mar. 1998, p.158-161. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: Europe; European Communities; legislation; national organization; occupational safety and health; public OSH institutions; research; safety and health institutions; supply of information; workplaces. (75544)

CIS 00-1292 Publications of the BIA - Institute for Occupational Safety of the Accident Insurance Institutions - 1997. (French: Publications du BIA - Institut pour la sécurité du travail des caisses mutuelles d'assurance accident - 1997; Spanish: Publicaciones de la BIA - Instituto para la seguridad profesional de las instituciones aseguradoras de accidentes) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Nov. 1998. 498p. (In English, French, German, Spanish)

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Topics: biological hazards; catalogue; chemical hazards; Germany; personal protective equipment; physical hazards; safety and health institutions; safety literature; training manuals. (75562)

CIS 00-1293 Safety representatives and safety supervisors handbook. Freeman N.T., Paramount Publishing Ltd., Paramount House, 17-21 Shenley Road, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire WD6 1RT, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., 1997. vi, 153p. Index., ISBN 0-947-665-23-4 (In English)

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This book replaces an earlier edition published in 1995 (see CIS 96-127). It provides an overview of the laws and regulations relating to safety and health in the United Kingdom and guidance on the requirements of specific legislation, including the recent Health and Safety (Consultations with Employees) Regulations 1996, Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997 and regulations resulting from EC Directives. Further chapters cover: vibration white finger; repetitive strain injury; sick building syndrome; noise; safety organization; workplace inspections; accident investigation reports; permits to work; protective clothing; safety checks; health and safety in laboratories, offices and service industries; acquiring and communicating information. (75637)

CIS 00-1294 Safety statistics bulletin 1999/2000. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 8p. Illus. (In English)

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Summary statistics on fatal and non-fatal injuries to workers and to members of the public, dangerous occurrences and gas safety for 1999/2000 in the United Kingdom. Although during this period the total number of fatal injuries to workers decreased, the construction sector showed a 18% increase of the fatal injury rate. Overall, major injuries to workers decreased slightly, although there was a slight increase in the agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The number of fatal injuries to the members of the public increased from 369 to 437, 95% having occurred in the public sector. There was a 6% decrease of dangerous occurrences. The number of total incidents involving gas and causing injury increased, but the number of fatalities decreased. (75469)

CIS 00-1295 Accidents at work in the EU in 1996. Dupré D., Statistics in Focus, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 2000. 7p. Illus. Price: EUR 6.00. (In English)

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In 1996, 4,757,611 occupational accidents resulting in more than three days of lost work time were recorded in the European Union (EU), which was 3.3% fewer than in 1994. Statistics also show a reduction in the incidence rates of fatal accidents, which fall from 6.1 per 100,000 workers in 1994 to 5.5 in 1996. The risk of accidents is higher in enterprises with fewer than 50 employees and among the self-employed, where the incidence rate of fatal accidents is 6.3. 47% of accidents gave rise to more than 3 days but less than 2 weeks of lost work time, 48% involved an absence of 2 weeks to 3 months, and 5% an absence of more than 3 months, or permanent partial or total disability. It is estimated that 146 million working days were lost during 1996 in the EU and Norway as a result of occupational accidents resulting in more than 3 days' absence. The incidence rate of fatal commuting accidents was 2.9. (75488)

CIS 00-1296 Labour statistics 1999 - Sri Lanka. Labour Statistics Division, Department of Labour, 6th Floor, Labour Secretariat, Colombo 05, Sri Lanka, 1999. 89p. Illus., ISBN 955-577-279-7 (In English)

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This publication consists of demographic and employment statistics for Sri Lanka. Tables and graphs are presented under 4 major headings: socio-demographic characteristics of the population; statistics concerning employment and unemployment (by sector of activity, age, sex, status, level of education); price index, earnings, household income and expenditure; statistics on the enforcement of labour laws (inspections, employee's provident funds, labour unions, occupational accidents, compensation). (75489)

CIS 00-1297 Work-related traumatic fatalities in Australia, 1989 to 1992. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC), GPO Box 58, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, Dec. 1998. xviii, 249p. Illus. 30 ref., ISBN 0-642-37325-6 (In English)

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This study covers work-related traumatic fatalities in Australia between 1989 and 1992. During this period, 2,389 persons died in occupational or commuting accidents. The mortality rate was 10 times higher for men than for women in all sectors of activity, with the exception of commuting accidents (2.5 times higher for men). Mortality rates increased gradually as a function of age group; from the age of 65, the progression was very pronounced. The highest mortality rates were observed in the sectors of forestry, mining, transport and storage, agriculture and construction. High-risk professions include airline pilots, workers in the fishing industry, drilling plant operators, mining labourers, ship pilots and deck officers, structural steel labourers, truck drivers and excavation and earthmoving machinery operators. Raised blood alcohol levels appeared to contribute to at least 4% of the fatal accidents. (75500)

CIS 00-1298 Working conditions in 1998. (Polish: Warunki pracy w 1998 r.) Central Statistical Office, Information and Statistical Papers, Warszawa, Poland, 1999. xxi, 193p. Price: PLZ 15.00. (In English, Polish)

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These occupational statistics for Poland in 1998 include details of the number of workers exposed to different hazardous environments, workers receiving compensation for accidents or exposure-related illness, and the current level of compliance with exposure limit values by industry. Data are classified by industry or sector of activity, and by province (voivod). (75639)

CIS 00-1299 Present status of Japanese industrial safety and health - 1999 Edition. Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, 5-35-1 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan, 1999. 38p. Illus. (In English)

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This report presents Japanese statistics of occupational accidents and illnesses for the year 1998, as well as statistical trends for the years 1973 to 1998. Overall, there is a trend toward a reduction in the frequency and severity of accidents and occupational diseases. The data are analysed by sector, activity, accident causes and type of illness. Statistics concerning special medical examinations carried out are also included. For 1998 edition, see CIS 00-703. (75476)

CIS 00-1300 Health and safety at work: Legislation and implementation. (French: Santé et sécurité au travail: législation et exécution) seco-Direction du travail, Conditions de travail, 3003 Bern, Switzerland, 1999. 111p. Illus. (In French)

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This report of a Commission for the study of occupation safety and health at the workplace contains an inventory of current Swiss legislation and regulations in the field of occupational safety and health. It outlines the strengths and weaknesses of the current regulations, sets the requirements for a future system, and proposes models for reorganizing the implementation system, which would improve the effectiveness by concentrating the implementation within a single administrative unit and by improving health protection. (75585)

CIS 00-1301 Insurance against occupational accidents and diseases in industry in France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and Spain. (Italian: L'assicurazione contro gli infortuni sul lavoro e le malattie professionali nell'industria in Francia, Germania, Italia, Regno Unito e Spagna) Di Giuseppe R., Napolitano G.M., Tosti M.P., Istituto Italiano di Medicina Sociale, Via P.S. Mancini 28, 00196, Roma, Italy, 1996. x, 83p. 94 ref. (In Italian)

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Comparative study of national systems of insurance against occupational accidents and diseases in five major countries of the European Union. Separate chapters cover: history of relevant legislation; occupational accidents as such; commuting accidents; occupational diseases; legislative scope; financial compensation and supply of medical, nursing and home care; financing schemes. (75690)

CIS 00-1302 Programme of action for occupational safety and health in Thailand towards the 21st century: An advisory report. Machida S., International Labour Office (ILO), ILO East Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team (ILO/EASMAT), P.O. Box 2-349, Radjamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand, 2000. vii, 45p. Illus., ISBN 92-2-112110-0 (In English)

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This comprehensive report describes the situation in Thailand with respect to occupational safety and health and proposes a strategy and 13-point action for implementing improvements. The recommended strategy is multi-pronged, focussing on the most hazardous industries and occupations. An essential element is the establishment of a comprehensive national policy developed on a tripartite basis. Priority areas for action need to be defined; this will require improvements in the methods used for collecting and analysing data on occupational accidents and diseases. Improved collaboration between the different parties (government, workers' and employers' organizations and the workers' compensation fund) is also needed. (75474)

CIS 00-1303 Valuation of benefits of health and safety control - Summary and technical report. Chilton S., Dolan P., Jones-Lee M., Loomes G., Robinson A., Carthy T., Covey J., Spencer A., Hopkins L., Pidgeon N., Beattie J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. ii, 35p. (summary), viii, 205p. (report). Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1809-9 (In English)

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This report describes a project aimed at determining, from a representative population sample, how much they value reductions in risks of premature death from various causes, and to make this information available to policymakers as input to the formulation of public policy in this area. In a first phase, the aim was to identify the monetary value of preventing a car driver or passenger fatality. In a second phase, the objective was to discover how persons would balance the prevention of car driver and passenger fatalities against the prevention of fatalities among train passengers, in domestic fires and in fires in public places. The value of preventing a statistical fatality (VPF) and the willingness to pay (WTP) are analysed. Proposals are made for future improvements in the models. (75479)

CIS 00-1304 Research activities - 2000. (Italian: Attività di recerca - 2000) Fondazione "Salvatore Maugeri", Via Ferrata 4, 27100 Pavia, Italy, 2000. 271p. Illus. 1,193 ref. Index., ISBN 88-7963-112-8 (In Italian)

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Report on the activities of a major Italian institute specializing in occupational health and rehabilitation matters. A list of publications by the Institute and its staff is included. (75495)

CIS 00-1305 Management systems for occupational health and plant safety - Volume 1: Occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) - Principles and systems elements. Loch H.J., Hiltensperger S., Rötzer M., Sikora S., Bavarian Ministry of State Labour and Social Affairs, Family, Women and Health (StMAS), Winzererstrasse 9, 80797 München, Germany, 1998. 122p. 4 ref. (In English)

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The principles and composition of an occupational health and risk management system (OHRIS) are described. The aim of OHRIS is to help organizations to meet the requirements of ISO Standards 9000 and 14000, ensuring the protection of the health of workers at hazardous production sites as well as that of the neighbouring residents while at the same time fulfilling their business objectives of quality and performance. OHRIS comprises five core elements and five specific management elements relating to industrial safety, which are described along with the action fields and action elements of an OHS management system. The book is the translation of a document originally published in German. (75581)

CIS 00-1306 Riddor explained. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Aug. 2000. 12p. (In English)

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This booklet provides a simple guide to the responsibilities of employers and the self-employed under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) 1995 (see CIS 95-1930). Topics covered: general description of RIDDOR; situations for which reports are required; records to be kept; definition of major injuries, dangerous occurrences and diseases; reportable dangerous occurrences; reportable diseases. A sample report form is included. (75600)

CIS 00-1307 The financing of the Berufsgenossenschaften in Germany. Schulz U., Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, July 1999. 126p. Illus. 18 ref., ISBN 3-88383-529-3 (In English)

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In Germany, occupational accident insurance institutions are responsible for all functions relating to occupational accidents and diseases, including prevention, medical and occupational rehabilitation and the provision of monetary benefits to insured persons and dependents. Prevention is encouraged by offering financial incentives. Contributions are paid solely by employers. The various methods for calculating the contributions are described, based on the sector of activity, the risk categories, the effectiveness of prevention measures and actual insured events occurring in the company. (75631)

CIS 00-1308 Debt, profitability, and investment in workplace safety. Golbe D.L., Filer R.K., CERGE-EI, P.O.Box 882, Politických vězňů 7, 111 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic, Dec. 1996. 22p. 48 ref. (In English)

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How a firm's financial performance affects workplace safety is investigated. Empirical estimates of the relationship between a firm's financial condition and its investment in workplace safety are provided, using plant-level proxies for safety performance from OSHA records for thirteen large industries in the United States for the period 1972-1987. The results suggest that firms with higher operating margins are safer workplaces as, in general, are firms with more debt in their capital structure. These results are consistent with a number of theoretical models in which financial factors influence operating decisions. (75632)

CIS 00-1309 Identifying high-risk small business industries: The basis for preventing occupational injury, illness, and fatality. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1999. xii, 153p. Illus. 62 ref. (In English)

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This report presents information on high-risk small industries identified from national data sources in the United States. These include the total number of cases and incidence rates of occupational injuries, illnesses and fatalities in small business industries. The report also lists the leading causes of fatal occupational injuries in small business industries, which include transportation accidents, assaults and violent acts, contact with objects and equipment, falls and exposure to harmful substances and environments. When mortality and morbidity measures are combined into a single index, the highest risks for small business industries are: logging; cut stone and stone products; trucking terminal facilities; roofing, siding and sheet metal work; camps and recreational vehicle parks. (75684)

CIS 00-1310 Preventing worker deaths from uncontrolled release of electrical, mechanical and other types of hazardous energy. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1999. 12p. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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This booklet describes the precautions that need to be taken in order to prevent deaths from contact with energy sources such as electricity, mechanical motion, pressurized air, and hot or cold temperatures occurring during the installation, maintenance, service and repair of machines, equipment, processes and systems. It contains current U.S. regulations including the requirement for energy control procedures, worker training, periodic inspections and the de-energizing, locking and tagging of machines before performing maintenance or repair tasks. Several cases of fatalities caused by worker contact with uncontrolled hazardous energy sources are described, along with the lessons to be drawn from these occurrences. (75683)

CIS 00-1311 Recording and notification of occupational accidents and diseases: An ILO Code of Practice. International Labour Office (ILO), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1996. v, 78p. 8 ref. (In Korean)

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Korean version of the Code of Practice (CIS 96-2083) adopted by a tripartite Meeting of Experts held in Geneva from 3 to 11 Oct. 1994. The purpose of the Code of Practice is to help with the international harmonization of the procedures for the collection, recording and notification of occupational accidents and diseases. Contents: extracts from the Report of the Meeting of Experts; general provisions; policies and principles for the recording, notification and investigation of occupational accidents and diseases, dangerous occurrences and related statistics (at the national and enterprise level); legal, institutional and administrative arrangements for setting up reporting, recording and notification systems; reporting at the enterprise level; arrangements for recording; arrangements for notification; extension of systems to self-employed persons; compilation and publication of statistics; classification and investigation of occupational accidents and diseases and of dangerous occurrences. In annex: relevant ILO Conventions and Recommendations; schedules, lists and classification systems for occupational injuries and diseases, economic activities, occupations, status in employment and accidents. (75582)

CIS 00-1312 Reporting of occupational accidents. (Dutch: De aangifte van arbeidsongevallen; French: La déclaration des accidents du travail) Cornelis K., Van der Steen M., PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2nd ed., 1999. 31p. Illus. 5 ref., ISBN 2-87112-062-5 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-60-5 (ned) (In Dutch, French)

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This guide describes the legal requirements for occupational accident reporting in the private sector in Belgium. It explains the different sections of the occupational accident notification form and provides in the appendices lists of codes needed to fill in the form. It also shows examples of accident reports. (75588)

CIS 00-1313 PPW committee: Role in prevention policy. (Dutch: Comité PBW: rol in het preventiebeleid; French: Comité PPT: rôle dans la politique de prévention) De Lange H., Van der Steen M., PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 3rd ed., 1999. 20p. 16 ref., ISBN 2-87112-061-7 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-59-1 (ned) (In Dutch, French)

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This guide explains the role of the committee for protection, prevention and workers' well-being, provided for under Belgian legislation. It describes how the committee contributes towards the definition of the enterprise's occupational safety and health policy, hazard control process and the motivation of workers. The tasks of this committee are described. (75589)

CIS 00-1314 Current international recommendations on labour statistics - Edition 2000. (French: Recommandations internationales en vigueur sur les statistiques du travail - Edition 2000; Spanish: Recomendaciones internacionales actuales sobre estadísticas laborales - Edición de 2000) International Labour Office (ILO), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2000. 89p. Price: CHF 20.00., ISBN 92-2-110846-5 (En), ISBN 92-2-210846-9 (fr), ISBN 92-2-310846-2 (es) (In English, French, Spanish)

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All ILO texts on labour statistics which are now current are presented in this volume. It includes the Labour Statistics Convention, 1985 (No.160), and Recommendation, 1985 (No.170), adopted by the International Labour Conference, and a number of resolutions adopted by the 15th and 16th International Conference of Labour Statistics in 1993 and 1998 respectively, superseding earlier resolutions. (75497)

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CIS 00-1315 Use and misuse of the I.L.O. International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis in occupational health. (French: Du bon usage de la classification internationale du B.I.T. des radiographies de pneumoconioses en santé du travail) Ameille J., Brochard P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.562-568. 47 ref. (In French)

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The I.L.O. International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis provides a means for systematically recording the radiographic abnormalities in the chest provoked by the inhalation of dusts, in a simple and reproducible manner. After a brief description of the I.L.O. classification, its advantages and limitations are detailed so as to define the circumstances in which it should be used by occupational physicians. (75515)

CIS 00-1316 Determination and application of vision standards in industry. Good G.W., Weaver J.L., Augsburger A.R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.633-640. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Job-related vision standards benefit both employee and employer. By comparing employees' vision to specific job requirements, workers can be better placed into positions commensurate with their visual abilities. For a company without a vision care programme, a project was undertaken to determine visual standards, and the need for vision care services for employees to better meet these standards. The critical factors for performing specific visual tasks for 40 job classifications were identified through direct observation and measurement, and through worker interviews. Additionally, a sample of employees was screened to determine plant population characteristics, and to determine what percentage of employees met the newly formed standards. This study can serve as a model for the application of visual standards to the workplace and is pertinent, as "reduced vision" is increasingly defined by government as a disability. (75450)

CIS 00-1317 Identification of occupational cancer risks in British Columbia. Band P.R., Spinelli J.J., Threlfall W.J., Fang R., Le N.D., Gallagher R.P., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.224-247. Illus. 75 ref. (In English)

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To identify occupational cancer risk factors, lifetime occupational, smoking, and alcohol-consumption histories were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire from 15,463 male cancer patients. The study methodology, descriptive results, and cancer risks from cigarette smoking are reported. Assessment of questionnaire validation and reliability showed very high correlations between all variables analysed. Non-response bias, assessed among 221 non-responders and 432 matched controls, revealed no statistically significant differences for smoking status, education or occupational groups. Except for pancreatic cancer, a significant relationship was found for all cancer sites known to be strongly associated with cigarette smoking. Of the 15,643 incident cancer cases, 1519 had a diagnosis of prostate cancer. (75395)

CIS 00-1318 Some risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Persson B., Fredrikson M., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.135-142. 13 ref. (In English)

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This study is a pooled analysis of two earlier methodologically similar case-referent studies on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Exposure information was obtained by mailed questionnaires to the subjects. Exposure to white spirits, thinners and aviation gasoline as well as work as a lumberjack were connected with increased odds ratios significant at the 95% CI level, whereas no increased risk was noted for benzene. Logistic odd ratios (LORs) were significantly greater than 1 for exposure to phenoxy herbicides and plastic and rubber chemicals, and for contact with unusual pets. Office employment and housework showed significantly decreased LORs. This study indicates the importance of investigating exposures not occurring very frequently. Solvents were studied as a group of compounds but were also separated into various specific compounds. The present findings suggest that the carcinogenic property of solvents is not only related to aromatics or benzene, but also to other types. (75401)

CIS 00-1319 Epidemiology of sick building syndrome and its associated risk factors in Singapore. Ooi P.L., Goh K.T., Phoon M.H., Foo S.C., Yap H.M., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.188-193. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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The occurrence of sick building syndrome in a tropical city, and its relation to indoor air quality and other factors was investigated. 2,856 office workers in 56 randomly selected public and private sector buildings were surveyed. The study consisted of a self-administered questionnaire assessing symptoms and perception of the physical and psychosocial environment, inspection of the building plans and premises, and measurement of temperature, relative humidity, respirable particles, chemicals, bioaerosols and other variables. Symptoms typical of the sick building syndrome were reported in 19.6% of the respondents. Multivariate modelling substantiated contributions associated with low thermal comfort, high work related stress, too much noise, a history of allergy or other medical conditions, poor lighting, young employees and female sex. Measurements of indoor air quality or ventilation were not found to be reliable predictors of the symptoms. (75417)

CIS 00-1320 The validity of reported musculoskeletal problems. A study of questionnaire answers in relation to diagnosed disorders and perception of pain. Björkstén M.G., Boquist B., Talbäck M., Edling C., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1999, Vol.30, No.4, p.325-330. 19 ref. (In English)

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The objectives of the study were to evaluate the validity of answers given in a questionnaire on musculoskeletal pain and conditions by means of a clinical assessment, and to get some understanding of the subject's perception of reported pain. This was performed by using measures of sensitivity and specificity comparing data from the questionnaire with the clinical diagnoses of conditions in the neck, shoulders and thoracic spine. Subjective perception of pain was obtained by the use of visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain drawings. For the combination of neck and shoulders, both sensitivity (95%) and specificity (88%) were high for current pain. The results of the study confirm the validity of the subjective reports of the respondents. A "pain assessment instrument" including a questionnaire, VAS and pain drawings may be useful to reveal conditions in the neck and shoulders and thoracic spine common sites of work related musculoskeletal disorders. (75438)

CIS 00-1321 Factors affecting first return to work following a compensable occupational back injury. Oleinick A., Gluck J.V., Guire K.E., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.540-555. Illus. 69 ref. (In English)

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A cohort of Michigan workers with compensable back injuries was studied. Cox proportional hazards analyses with nine categorical covariates identified factors predicting missed worktime for the first disability episode following the injury. The model distinguished factors affecting the acute and chronic disability periods. The first disability episode following injury contains 69.6% of the missed worktime observed through follow-up. In the acute phase, which contributes 15.2% of first episode missed worktime, sex, age, number of dependants, industry (construction), occupation and type of accident predict continued work disability. Marital status, weekly wage compensation rate and establishment size do not. Beyond 8 weeks, age, establishment size and wage compensation rate predict duration of work disability. Future efforts to reduce missed worktime may require modifications in current clinical practice by patient age group and the development of new strategies to encourage small and medium-size employers to find ways to return their injured employees to work sooner. (75442)

CIS 00-1322 Concordance between ANSI occupational back injury codes and claim form diagnoses and a lower bound estimate of the fraction associated with disc displacement/herniation. Oleinick A., Gluck J.V., Guire K.E., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.556-568. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Back injury cases were identified in work-injured populations in the states of Michigan and Minnesota were coded by the nature-of-injury and part-of-body-injured codes assigned by an ANSI-based injury-coding system and by multiple clinical diagnoses. Concordance was measured by the sensitivity and predictive value positive of the injury coding scheme for related diagnostic groups. Sensitivities for individual diagnostic groups show that their distribution in ANSI-coded injury groups is modestly skewed toward cases with sprain and disc displacement/herniation. The lower bound estimate of the fraction of cases with disc displacement/herniation in apopulation of cases with back injuries producing at least one day of missed worktime is 5.8%. The use of ANSI injury codes leads to an underestimation of the contribution of back injuries to missed worktime because 24-30% of cases are missed by the coding system. However, the distribution of diagnostic groups in the injury-coded groups approximates that observed with all diagnosed cases. Our estimate suggests that disc displacement/herniation occurs more frequently in the subset of occupational back injuries. (75443)

CIS 00-1323 4th Workshop of the Inter-University Institute of Occupational Medicine of Paris Ile-de-France (1997) - Present knowledge on some carcinogenic agents and processes. (French: IVe Journée de recherche de l'Institut interuniversitaire de médecine du travail de Paris Ile-de France (1997) - Actualités sur certains agents ou procédés cancérogènes) Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, May 1998, Vol.59, No.3, p.157-189. Illus. 15 ref. (In French)

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Topics: aromatic amines; cancer; carcinogenic effects; carcinogens; asbestos; benzene; beryllium; silica; conference; diesel oil; exposure evaluation; France; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; ionizing radiation; legal aspects; medical supervision; mineral oils; supply of information; wood dust. (75501)

CIS 00-1324 Silicosis and alveolar lipoproteinosis. (French: Silicose et lipoprotéinose alvéolaire) Cocârla A., Petran M., Olinici C.D., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1996, Vol.57, No.8, p.601-605. 28 ref. (In French)

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Topics: bronchopulmonary lavage; cristobalite; silica; case study; diagnosis; pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; radiological diagnosis; Romania; silicosis. (75504)

CIS 00-1325 Critical study of three new cases of laryngeal disease associated with polyethylene thermowelding and thermocutting operations. (French: Etude critique de trois nouveaux cas d'affections laryngées liées aux opérations de thermosoudage et de thermodécoupage du polyéthylène) Helbecque Y., Haguenoer J.M., Chevalier D., Nisse C., Goin M., Larnier F., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.7, p.533-537. 10 ref. (In French)

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Topics: air sampling; polyethylene; case study; dysphonia; exposure evaluation; France; larynx; noise measurement; plastics converting industry; welding and cutting; welding of plastics. (75507)

CIS 00-1326 Lupus induced by aromatic amines in a hairdresser. (French: Lupus induit par les amines aromatiques chez une coiffeuse) Vitry-Henry L., Deschamps F., Léone J., Germain M.L., Richard G., Pennaforte J.L., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.548-551. 13 ref. (In French)

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Aromatic amine-induced toxic lupus is uncommon. A case in a hairdresser is reported. Laboratory findings showed a pattern of toxic lupus. Aromatic amines were found in hair dyes and permanent lotions. The patient was not taking any drugs. A cause-effect relationship was established between the aromatic amines and lupus. Based on the Pharmacovigilance Centre's methodology for unexpected or toxic drug reactions, intrinsic toxicity is likely. (75513)

CIS 00-1327 A rare skin disease and professional aptitude: Dystrophic dominant Cockayne-Touraine type epidermolysis bullosa. (French: Maladie dermatologique rare et aptitude: à propos d'une observation d'une épidermolyse bulleuse dystrophique dominante, type Cockayne-Touraine) Fontana L., Chamoux A., Belle B., Bruhl C., Catilina P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.552-553. 2 ref. (In French)

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A rare case of dystrophic dominant Cochayne-Touraine epidermolysis bullosa is reported in a teenager planning to be a joiner. The choice of career is discussed. Owing to the reassuring course of the disease, no contraindication was found. (75514)

CIS 00-1328 Application of article 9 paragraph 2 of the German Social Code Book 7 to cases involving small-cell bronchial carcinoma following exposure to ethylene oxide. (German: Kleinzelliges Bronchialkarzinom nach Ethylenoxidexposition unter Anwendung von § 9 Absatz 2 SGB VII) Kirchhoff R., Schäcke G., Kirchhoff G., Lüth P., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, July 1999, Vol.49, No.7, p.227-234. 25 ref. (In German)

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A bronchial carcinoma developed in a worker of a sterilization facility after about ten years of discontinuous exposure to ethylene oxide. Exposure levels in 1975 were significantly higher than they are today. Experimental examinations in human lymphocytes establish that persons who are non-conjugators, namely persons having a low glutathione-S transferase activity, show significantly enhanced formation of sister chromatid exchanges, which is an indication for mutagenic effects of ethylene oxide. Article 9 paragraph 2 of the German Social Code Book 7 (SGB VII) is applicable to the case of this worker, and his small-cell bronchial carcinoma has been recognised as an occupational disease. (75679)

CIS 00-1329 Swiss prospective eczema study on metal workers "PROMETES": Results of a longitudinal study on hand eczema. (German: PROMETES - Schweizer prospektive Metallarbeiter-Ekzem-Studie: Ergebnisse einer Längsschnitt-Untersuchung zum Handekzem) Berndt U., Hinnen U., Iliev D., Elsner P., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.47, No.4, p.150-156. Illus. 19 ref. (In German)

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205 apprentices of 24 Swiss metal working enterprises were followed dermatologically over a period of 2.5 years. A workplace diary was used to note relevant occupational exposures as well as the use of barrier creams and gloves. Non-occupational exposures were also noted. Skin examination was performed regularly and biophysical parameters of the skin measured. 23% of the subjects developed hand eczema symptoms, most of them early during the observation period. Eczema develops because of irritants in the cutting fluid. Lacking personal hygiene was a contributing factor and mechanical stress may enhance the irritant effect of the cutting fluid. (75680)

CIS 00-1330 Lung function and work-related exposure in pig farmers with respiratory symptoms. Radon K., Garz S., Schottky A., Koops F., Hartung J., Szadkowski D., Nowak D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.814-820. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

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To evaluate characteristics of pigsties associated with the development of respiratory morbidity among 100 pig farmers with work-related respiratory symptoms, a standardized questionnaire was used, and lung function assessed immediately before and after pigs feeding. Exposure to dust and endotoxins was determined by personal sampling. Among these farmers, baseline lung function results were shown to be negatively associated with duration of employment, number of pigs on the farm, manual feeding and ventilation. The decrease in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second over the feeding period was negatively correlated with air velocity, whereas respirable dust concentrations were shown to be significant predictors of maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF_25/75) decline. In conclusion, among symptomatic pig farmers, those with higher numbers of pigs and longer duration of employment are at highest risk for developing functional impairment. (75425)

CIS 00-1331 Prevalence of respiratory disorders among poultry retailers. (French: Prévalence des troubles respiratoires chez les marchands de volailles) Laraqui C.H., Caubet A., Harourate K., Mehdaoui Z., Laraqui O., Verger C., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.574-580. Illus. 16 ref. (In French)

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A retrospective cohort survey was used to evaluate the prevalence of clinical symptoms, skin reactions and respiratory disorders among subjects exposed to poultry in comparison with unexposed individuals. Among the exposed cohort, 77% had clinical symptoms compared with 46% among the unexposed controls. Rhinitis, asthma, dermatitis, conjunctivitis, cough and bronchitis were significantly more frequent among those exposed than the controls. The cause of respiratory disorders was exposure to poultry, as shown by the fact that its prevalence was 1.8-fold higher among non-smokers exposed to poultry than among non-smokers unexposed to poultry. A variable degree of respiratory obstruction was found among 40% of the exposed individuals versus 14% in the unexposed individuals. Skin tests were positive in 22 % of the exposed compared with 15% of the unexposed. Among the 22 exposed individuals with positive skin tests, 6 had allergic reactions to feathers, 7 to moulds and 1 to cereals. These alarming results emphasize the importance of adopting medical and technical prevention measures. (75516)

CIS 00-1332 Chronic bronchitis, work related respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in welders in New Zealand. Bradshaw L.M., Fishwick D., Slater T., Pearce N., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.150-154. 30 ref. (In English)

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A cross-sectional study of respiratory symptoms and lung function in welders was performed at eight New Zealand welding sites. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis were more common in current welders than in non-welders. Of those workers with a cumulative exposure index to welding fume ≥10 years, 16.7% reported symptoms of chronic bronchitis compared with 4.7% of those with a cumulative exposure index <4 years. Workers with chronic bronchitis had significantly lower measures of baseline peak expiratory flow and FEV₁/FVC ratio than workers without chronic bronchitis. Multivariate analysis showed that current smoking and total exposure index to welding fumes >10 years were independent risk factors for chronic bronchitis. The report of any work-related respiratory symptom was more prevalent in welders than non-welders and workers with these symptoms had significantly lower FEV₁ and FVC values. Multivariate analysis identified a high proportion of time spent welding in confined spaces as the main risk factor for reporting these symptoms. (75412)

CIS 00-1333 Cancer incidence and mortality among flight personnel: A meta-analysis. Ballard T., Lagorio S., De Angelis G., Verdecchia A., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2000, Vol.71, No.3, p.216-224. 60 ref. (In English)

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An exhaustive search for published and unpublished cohort studies of flight personnel from 1986-98 was performed. Relative risks (RRs) for selected causes from four mortality and/or incidence studies of pilots and two incidence studies of flight attendants were combined, using standard meta-analytic methods. Heterogeneity among the combined studies was explored and adjustments were made using correction factors from published studies. RRs were elevated (>1.2) among male pilots for mortality from melanoma (1.97) and brain cancer (1.49), and for cancer incidence of the prostate (1.65) and the brain (1.74). Among female flight attendants, increases were seen for incidence of all cancers (1.29), melanoma (1.54) and breast cancer (1.35). Flight personnel appear to be at increased risk for several types of cancer. Both occupational exposures and well-established non-occupational risk factors may contribute to this increased risk. (75458)

CIS 00-1334 Preventive phlebology for expatriates. (French: Phlébologie préventive de l'expatrié) Lefebvre-Vilardebo M., Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 4th Quarter 1998, Vol.38 No.4, p.401-412. (In French)

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Topics: air transport; blood coagulation disorders; diseases of veins; lower extremity disorders; thrombosis; varicose veins. (75520)

CIS 00-1335 24th French National Congress of Occupational Medicine (1996) - Theme No.1: The profession of occupational physician. (French: XXIVe Journées nationales de Médecine du Travail, Paris, France, 11-14 juin 1996: Thème n°1 - Le métier de médecin du travail) Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.1-2, p.1-182. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

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Topics: conference; ethics; France; hazard evaluation; industrial physicians; legal aspects; medical inspectors of labour; occupational medicine; plant health services; psychology and sociology. (75509)

CIS 00-1336 Job-simulated phase II cardiac rehabilitation training program. Mital A., Shrey D.E., Govindaraju M., Broderick T.M., Colon-Brown K., Gustin B.W., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1999, Vol.24, No.5, p.515-543. Illus. 45 ref. (In English)

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death in the world, as well as the main cause of physical disability. The majority of those affected by such disability are under the age 65. Rehabilitating these individuals, therefore, is a top priority. These two articles describe a phase cardiac rehabilitation training programme that simulates events of actual jobs and that significantly enhances return to work chances of coronary heart disease survivors without compromising their aerobic conditioning. The cardiac rehabilitation training programme, based on elements of physical work, is described. It is shown that such a programme not only improves CHD survivors' work-related physical capabilities, but also improves their physiological conditioning and vastly increases their chances of returning to work when compared with a conventional phase II cardiac rehabilitation programme. (75434)

CIS 00-1337 Diagnosis and compensation of occupational asthma in Eastern European countries: Ukraine in the light of the French system. (French: Reconnaissance et indemnisation de l'asthme professionnel dans l'Europe de l'Est: l'exemple de l'Ukraine à la lumière du système français) Bassanets A., Boutoux M., Leroyer C., Dewitte J.D., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.7, p.538-543. 12 ref. (In French)

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Topics: asthma; change of employment; comparative study; compensation of occupational diseases; France; legislation; notification of occupational diseases; Ukraine. (75508)

CIS 00-1338 Heart attack suffered while travelling between the place of work and the airport and "in itinere" occupational accidents. (Spanish: Infarto de miocardio sufrido en el desplazamiento desde el centro de trabajo al aeropuerto y accidente de trabajo in itinere) Rodríguez Izquierdo R., Actualidad Laboral, 2000, No.5, p.381-391. (In Spanish)

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Comment on a ruling by a Court in the Balearic Islands. The Court decided that a case of heart attack occurring while travelling between the place of work and the airport was an occupational accident in view of the causal relationship between work and heart attacks. In itinere occupational accidents must be differentiated from occupational accidents occurring while "on mission"; they concern only accidents occurring during the commute between home and the place of work, and vice versa. (75529)

CIS 00-1339 Work-related skin diseases. (Portuguese: Dermatoses ocupacionais) Ali S.A., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1994. 223p. Illus. 234 ref. (In Portuguese)

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This publication is an overview of the author's experience with work-related skin diseases. It provides comprehensive illustrated information about skin diseases due to chemicals and/or industrial processes, including cutting fluids, lubricants, wood, polymers, resins, metals, radiation and microorganisms. Signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures are described in detail. (75571)

CIS 00-1340 Diseases of workers. (Portuguese: As doenças dos trabalhadores) Ramazzini B., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 2nd ed., 1999.269p. (In Portuguese)

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Unabridged Portuguese translation of the first manual of occupational medicine published in 1714 in Italy, entitled "De morbis artificum diatriba", describing diseases associated with 54 occupations or categories of workers. (75578)

CIS 00-1341 Occupational health for Europeans - Proceedings of the International Symposium 3-5 November 1999, Helsinki, Finland. Rantanen J., Lehtinen S., Lamberg M., Roto P., Työläjärvi R., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2000. 167p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-378-6 (In English)

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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Occupational Health in Europe held in Helsinki, Finland, 3-5 November 1999, which brought together more than 180 scientists, experts, practitioners and decision-makers. Occupational health services constitute an important instrument for practical implementation of the social dimension of work. The need for such services has become more obvious in times of rapid change in working conditions, ageing of the workforce, implementation of new technologies, occurrence of psychological stress, and in particular the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among working people. It is important to search for practical solutions and service provision models in order to help employers and workers perform their daily tasks, maintain and promote work ability, and ensure an economically and socially productive working life for all European workers. The symposium offered an opportunity to compare the various service models and strategies applied in various European countries, and to reaffirm the need for harmonized standards in this area. (75472)

CIS 00-1342 Guidelines on quality management in multidiscipinary occupational health services. Westerholm P., Baranski B., European Centre for Environment and Health, eds., World Health Organization (WHO), Distribution and Sales Service,1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1999. iii, 106p. Illus. 99 ref. (In English)

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This document is primarily intended for purchasers and providers of occupational health services. Its purpose is to encourage the development and implementation of a quality assurance system that meet the real needs in occupational health services or in enterprises that have not yet adopted this approach. It is also intended to support international harmonization of occupational health practice to minimize inequity among health workers and to avoid social exclusion. (75481)

CIS 00-1343 Sick building syndrome - Analysis and prevention. (Dutch: Sick building syndrome - analyse en preventie; French: Sick building syndrome - Analyse et prévention) Malchaire J., Institut National de Recherche sur les Conditions de Travail (INRCT), rue de la Concorde 60, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1999. vii, 148p. Illus. 33 ref. Index. + 3.5" Diskette., ISBN 90-804351-2-0 (ned), ISBN 90-804351-3-9 (fr) (In Dutch, French)

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This health and safety guide is aimed at persons responsible for the technical maintenance of buildings and OSH consultants for solving or avoiding problems related to the sick building syndrome. It is presented in the form of a series of data sheets for collecting information on complaints and symptoms, for analysing the different factors that could have possible links with a sick building syndrome, such as heating, air conditioning system, indoor air pollution, climate, lighting and physical factors (static electricity, electromagnetic radiation, ergonomics) and for proposing specific measures to correct the problem. (75586)

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CIS 00-1344 Comparative analysis of occupational accidents among elevator and air conditioning maintenance personnel. (French: Analyse comparative d'accidents du travail chez les agents de maintenance d'ascenseurs et de génie climatique) Alcouffe J., Chaudron B., Crestois M., Haëntjens C., Hemery J.M., Özkan Rabret E., Peyronnet M., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.537-542. 8 ref. (In French)

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An epidemiological study of work injuries (W.I.) was conducted among lift and climatic engineering maintenance operators. Lesion locations were similar (hands, eyes). However, low back pain was more frequent among climatic engineering maintenance operators who had more sick leave lasting more than a week. The injuries linked to the device occurred more often in the morning and in August/September for climatic engineering maintenance operators, while peaks of frequency were in the afternoon and in April/October among lift maintenance operators. The primary difference between the two groups was the occurrence of public highway injuries, seven times higher among lift maintenance operators than among controls. Currently, lift maintenance operators mostly use motorized bikes in the Paris area while climatic engineering maintenance operators use cars. In conclusion, the reason why lift maintenance personnel have a greater incidence of W.I. than climatic engineering maintenance personnel is that they are exposed to greater risk on the public highway. (75511)

CIS 00-1345 Epicondylitis among cooks in nursery schools. Ono Y., Nakamura R., Shimaoka M., Hiruta S., Hattori Y., Ichihara G., Kamijima M., Takeuchi Y., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.172-179. 45 ref. (In English)

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The prevalence and risk factors of epicondylitis among cooks in nursery schools was investigated in a cross sectional study. Prevalence of epicondylitis among 209 nursery school cooks and 366 control workers aged 40-59 were studied. Both groups consisted of women workers chosen from 1,299 subjects who agreed to participate from 1,329 social welfare employees in a city. All workers were interviewed with a questionnaire and had a clinical examination of the tenderness to palpation of epicondyles and epicondylar pain provoked by resisted extension and flexion of the wrist. Nursery school cooks had a significantly higher prevalence of epicondylitis than the controls. In a logistic regression model, job title of the cook was also found to have a strong association with epicondylitis after adjustment for age, body length and body mass index. Weaker associations were also found between epicondylitis and suspected job stress or workload scores for mechanical workload and psychosocial stressors based on factor analysis. It was suggested that risk factors of epicondylitis would be multifactorial, including mechanical workload and psychosocial factors. (75415)

CIS 00-1346 Reduced lung cancer mortality in dairy farmers: Is endotoxin exposure the key factor?. Mastrangelo G., Marzia V., Marcer G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.601-609. 35 ref. (In English)

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2,283 male farmers who worked either in cattle raising or in crop/orchard cultivation were selected. There were 422 cohort deaths from 1970 to 1992. Using the regional population as a reference, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated. Cancer mortality was significantly reduced among the 1,561 dairy farmers; there was a significant decrease in lung cancer, whereas a significant increase from brain tumours was found. Neither overall cancer mortality nor the lung cancer SMR deviated significantly from unity for the 722 crop/orchard farmers. Among dairy farmers, moreover, lung cancer SMRs showed a significant downward trend. This decrease cannot be attributed to the healthy worker effect, a confounding bias or an artifact. Dairy farmers are known to be exposed to higher airborne endotoxin concentrations; reasonably, this cumulative exposure increases further with years of work and area of farm. Endotoxins may have protected the dairy farmers against lung cancer through the tumour necrosis factor produced by alveolar macrophages. (75448)

CIS 00-1347 Design and current status of the longitudinal study of astronaut health. Hamm P.B., Nicogossian A.E., Pool S.L., Wear M.L., Billica R.D., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.71, No.6, p.564-570. 21 ref. (In English)

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The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of the Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health (LSAH) and to provide current mortality data. All astronauts selected for the United States Space Program are followed from selection throughout their lifetime or until the end of the study. Comparisons are ground-based Johnson Space Center employees matched to the astronauts at a 3:1 ratio by sex, age and body mass index. They are followed in the same manner as astronauts. Morbidity and mortality data are obtained from medical records supplemented with questionnaires. Checks for death certificates are made to ascertain death of participants who miss routine examinations. Cause-specific mortality rates for astronauts selected from 1959 through 1991 are not statistically different from rates for comparison participants for cardiovascular, cancer or other disease mortality. However, astronauts have a significantly higher mortality rate due to accidents and injuries. (75460)

CIS 00-1348 Risks, damage and solutions in the earth-mould remelting departments of cast-iron foundries in the region of Florence. (Italian: Rischi, danni e soluzioni nel comparto fonderie di ghisa in terra di II fusione dell'area fiorentina) Beccastrini S., Tavassi S., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.22-53. Bibl.ref. (In Italian)

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The cast iron processing industry has a significantly higher accident rate and accident severity than the average of the metallurgical industry. Six companies in the region of Florence (Italy) were analysed for the risks inherent to each production step. Major risks identified were dust (including silica), chemicals (vapours of furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, hydrocarbons, phenols, ammonia, organic solvents, hydrogen fluoride, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide, metal fumes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide), hand-arm vibration, noise, radiant heat, hot-cold temperature changes, allergic contact dermatitis and musculoskeletal disorders. Preventive solutions are provided; the need for local aspiration, improved tooling and adequate personal protective equipment is highlighted. (75626)

CIS 00-1349 Work-related knee disorders in floor layers and carpenters. Kirkeskov Jensen L.K., Mikkelsen S., Pryds Loft I., Eenberg W., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.835-842. 37 ref. (In English)

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To examine the relationship among knee-straining work, self-reported knee-complaints and physical signs of knee disorders, 133 floor layers, 506 carpenters and 327 compositors aged 26 to 72 years without previous acute knee traumas were surveyed in a cross-sectional study by means of a questionnaire. A random sample of the questionnaire responders, 67 floor layers, 127 carpenters and 101 compositors had independent double examinations for physical signs of knee disorders. Videotapes showed that knee-straining work constituted 56% of working time for floor layers, 26% for carpenters, and none for compositors. The prevalences of self-reported knee-complaints were positively associated with the amount of knee-straining work and were significantly different for the three trades. The clinical study showed a positive association for knee-straining work, hyperkeratosis and bursitis. (75428)

CIS 00-1350 Study of risks from mobile drilling equipment. (Spanish: Estudio de riesgos en carros perforadores) Zorilla Bringas F.J., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.6, p.4-12. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Twelve different models of tracked motorized drilling trucks with a single arm, weighing between 2 and 10 tons, were evaluated in terms of their occupational hazards. It was found that the operators are mainly exposed to three types of hazards: dust, noise and adverse weather conditions. Exposure to dust and noise is a function of the equipment's age and type (pneumatic or hydraulic, with or without aspiration, position of the hammer drill, etc.). Personal protective equipment must in particular include protection against the weather, ear protection and protection of the eyes against particle impact. Results are presented in graphical form. (75521)

CIS 00-1351 Prevention of work-related diseases in civil engineering. (German: Prävention arbeitsbedingter Erkrankungen im Bereich Tiefbau) Rumler R., Tiefbau, May 1998, No.5, p.364-369. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: biological hazards; civil engineering; Germany; health hazards; health programmes; occupational diseases; role of insurance institutions; safety and health organization; sewage treatment; waste disposal; waste site cleanup; work in sewers. (75545)

CIS 00-1352 Helping small enterprises set up occupational risk management systems. (French: Aides à la gestion des risques professionnels dans les petites entreprises) Revue de médecine du travail, Nov.-Dec. 1999, Vol.XXVI, No.5, p.249-310 (whole issue). Illus. (In French)

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Proceedings of the 25th National Congress of Occupational Medicine in the Construction Industry (Toulouse, France, 29-30 April 1999) dealing with helping small enterprises to set up occupational risk management systems. Topics dealt with: asbestos; medical examinations; company risk assessment sheets; company medical records; methodology for each occupational branch; information of workers; data sheets for chemical risk management on construction sites; machining of medium density fibre panels; risk evaluation systems; toxicological data sheets; prevention of falls; promotion of safety and health among apprentices. (75587)

CIS 00-1353 Deaths at sea - A study of fatalities on board Hong Kong-registered merchant ships (1986-95). Nielsen D., Safety Science, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.32, No.2-3, p.121-141. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Seafaring has long been recognized as one of the more dangerous occupations as it presents workplace hazards in a combination unknown in other occupations. Most studies on occupational hazards of seafarers have concentrated on nationally manned fleets operated out of Northern Europe. Recent studies on supply and demand of seafarers have highlighted the fact that international shipping is predominantly relying on internationally manned ships. This study examines the records of the Hong Kong Marine Department and presents an analysis of work-related fatalities in an internationally manned fleet. In a 10-year period, 123 deaths were recorded. The victims came from 13 different countries, with Hong Kong-resident seafarers forming only the fourth largest group. The biggest number of deaths was attributed to maritime disasters, followed by deaths due to illnesses, of which the biggest share was due to heart-related diseases. The third biggest cause of non-natural deaths was occupational accident. A review of the occupational accidents identified that personnel in deck occupations constituted the biggest group. (75393)

CIS 00-1354 Dermatologic disease: Twenty-two year experience at the USAF aeromedical consultation service and review of other military and civilian experiences. Gee M.R., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2000, Vol.71, No.3, p.230-237. 34 ref. (In English)

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The Aeromedical Consultation Service (ACS) is a U.S. Air Force tertiary referral service which evaluates aviators with complex medical problems and makes recommendations for their aeromedical disposition. This study reports the experience with dermatologic disease among aviators referred to the ACS over a 22-year period from 1975-1997. Fungal diseases were seen most frequently (14.5%). Five aviators were permanently disqualified from flying duties due to chronic urticaria. A review of other military and civilian experiences with dermatologic disease is also presented. (75459)

CIS 00-1355 Economic evaluation of traffic safety measures for transport companies. Rienstra S.A., Rietveld P., Lindeijer J.E., Accident Analysis and Prevention, Sep. 2000, Vol.32, No.5, p.679-687. 12 ref. (In English)

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This paper addresses the economic feasibility of measures to reduce the material damage of transport companies. The results of a series of interviews among transport companies as well as from a postal questionnaire survey are presented. Calculations are made for three types of companies: a small family company, a large family company and a large, non family-controlled company. From the viewpoint of costs and benefits, damage prevention measures appear to be particularly interesting to larger companies. Small companies tend to have an informal culture in which measures are less effective. Measures perceived as particularly attractive by transport companies are those for which no large investments are needed, which influence the behaviour of drivers and which need not be contracted out. (75466)

CIS 00-1356 Mortality in the cotton industry workers: Results of a cohort study. Szeszenia-Dąrbrowska N., Wilczyńska U., Strzelecka A., Sobala W., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.143-158. 28 ref. (In English)

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A cohort of workers employed in cotton plant for at least 10 years was studied. In the male cohort, the level of the general mortality was the same as in the general population. However, there was a significant increase in the number of deaths from diseases of the digestive system and cancer of the larynx. The analysis of the results by production department revealed significantly higher mortality from atherosclerosis, peritoneal carcinoma and melanoma in weaving, and the increased risk of hypertensive disease, atherosclerosis and Hodgkin's disease in spinning. Mortality in the female cohort was lower than that in the general population. None of the disease groups or tumour sites caused statistically significant excess deaths either in the total cohort or in subcohorts selected according to departments. Our analysis did not reveal any significant increase either in the total cohort of the workers employed inthe chemical processing departments or in the cohorts analysed by duration of employment. (75402)

CIS 00-1357 Spinning of carded fibres: Hazards, damage and solutions in the textile sector of the Prato area. (Italian: Filatura del cardato: rischi, danni e soluzioni nel comparto tessile dell'area pratese) Beccastrini S., Tavassi S., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.85-107. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Italian)

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The textile industry of Prato (Italy) produces yarn from raw wool and recycled textiles. Accidents during carding are numerous and serious, occasionally leading to permanent disability. For all phases of the work of woolen yarn spinning, a detailed safety and health analysis was performed and is reported here with reference to applicable standards and laws. The greatest risks arise from exposure to moving equipment (danger to hands, arms, hair), respirable fibres, vibration, noise and electrical contacts. In addition to technical and organizational improvements of the productive operations, the need for the use of personal protective equipment is also highlighted. (75628)

CIS 00-1358 Workers in supermarkets. (French: L'employé de libre-service dans les grandes surfaces) Goudifa P., Gueguen-Lafont S., Haentjens C., Munier A., Poher M., Pommet C., Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 4th Quarter 1998, Vol.38 No.4, p.393-400. Illus. 9 ref. (In French)

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Topics: cold workplaces; ergonomics; job study; manual handling; physical workload; retail trade; service and sales workers; supermarkets; work posture; work time schedules. (75519)

CIS 00-1359 Diagnosis and monetary quantification of occupational injuries by indices related to human capital loss: Analysis of a steel company as an illustration. Sheu J.J., Hwang J.S., Wang J.D., Accident Analysis and Prevention, May 2000, Vol.32, No.3, p.435-443. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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New indices of human capital loss from occupational injury, including cumulative injury rate, proportion of potential workdays lost, and potential salary lost were applied to occupational injury data from 1986 to 1994 at a steel company in Taiwan. Results show that the average disabling frequency rate and cumulative injury rate of the whole company were 4.12 and 0.41, respectively, and the average disabling severity rate and proportion of potential workdays lost of the whole company were 563 and 229 x 10^-6, respectively. The average potential salary lost of the whole company was more than USD 2 million per year with a discount rate of 0.04, which was equivalent to 92 times of average annual income of a worker. The major monetary losses were due to non-traffic injuries of operators and traffic injuries of non-operators, which amounted to USD 145 and 152 per person per year. The new indices are useful supplementary tools for monitoring and analysing occupational injury data in a company. (75465)

CIS 00-1360 Moving food and drink - Manual handling solutions for the food and drink industries. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. xvi, 106p. Illus. 11 ref. Price: GBP 15.95., ISBN 0-7176-1731-9 (In English)

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This publication is aimed at employers in the food and drink industries, whose employees have a high risk of developing muscular and articular injuries. It presents 100 case studies grouped under six headings: raw materials handling; production; packing, stacking and moving of containers; handling equipment; off-site delivery. For each case, the task is described, and the problems and injuries it gives rise to are defined. Solutions are presented, and their positive effects are highlighted. (75480)

CIS 00-1361 Safety and health in agriculture. (French: Sécurité et santé dans l'agriculture; Spanish: Seguridad y salud en la agricultura) International Labour Office (ILO), SafeWork, Programme on Safety, Health and the Environment, Labour Protection Department, International Labour Office, 4 route des Morillons, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, June 2000. 4p, 4p, 2p, 2p, 2p, 4p, 2p (7 leaflets in a folder). Illus. (In English, French, Spanish)

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Leaflets containing statistics and other information on occupational safety and health in agriculture. Topics covered: workers in agriculture (distribution worldwide, different categories of workers, poverty); occupational hazards (accidents, occupational diseases, conditions of work); women in agriculture and the impact of working conditions on their health; legislation on occupational safety and health in agriculture; ILO programme on occupational safety and health in agriculture; proposals for creating a national programme on occupational safety and health in agriculture; ILO conventions and recommendations of direct relevance to safety and health in agriculture adopted since 1919, including the list of countries that have ratified these conventions. (75496)

CIS 00-1362 Fishing industry. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC), GPO Box 58, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, no date. 4p. Illus. (In English)

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This leaflet highlights the key statistics on fatal occupational accidents in the fishing industry in Australia, extracted from a study covering the period from 1989 to 1992 (see CIS 00-1363). An average of 89 fatalities were recorded per year per 100,000 workers, a level 16 times higher than for all industries. Data concerning the circumstances of the accident, activity of the victim, place of the accident, type of fish being sought and sea conditions are presented. Additional information is provided on diving deaths and recurring factors (examples of similar combinations of factors leading to deaths). Cases of fatal accidents are presented. (75498)

CIS 00-1363 Work-related fatal injuries as a result of fishing and maritime activities in Australia, 1989 to 1992. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC), GPO Box 58, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia, June 1999. viii, 32p. Illus. 7 ref., ISBN 0-642-39967-0 (In English)

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This report examined the fatalities from fishing and maritime activities in Australia between 1989 and 1992. 93 deaths were recorded, of which 55 among workers employed in the fishing industry, 36 among workers of other industries and two among volunteers. The most frequent factors leading to the accidents are analysed. They include the capsizing of vessels in rough weather, crew members not wearing a personal floatation device and falling or being dragged overboard after being entangled in ropes or nets, and carbon monoxide entering the divers' air hose. The report highlights certain specific areas of deficiency, in particular in the presence and use of safety equipment, information and safety consciousness, training and qualifications of workers and the training in hazard evaluation of the various tasks undertaken. (75499)

CIS 00-1364 Risks, dangers, and rewards in the Nova Scotia offshore fishery. Binkley M., McGill-Queen's University Press, 3430 McTavish Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 1X9, Canada, 1995. 192p. Illus. 190 ref. Index., ISBN 0-7735-1313-2 (In English)

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Offshore fishing is a very risky industry, and fishermen are more likely to be injured than workers in mining, construction or forestry. This evaluation of fishing in the province of Nova Scotia (Canada) presents the level of risk and the general level of health among workers in the industry. Contents include working conditions, the impact on family life, job satisfaction, wages and non-monetary benefits, risk, stress, safety awareness and preventive measures. (75635)

CIS 00-1365 Work-related traumatic fatalities involving timber activities in Australia, 1989 to 1992. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, GPO Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia, June 1999. viii, 30p. Illus. 6 ref., ISBN 0-642-39966-2 (In English)

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This report contains statistics by age, region and cause of fatal occupational accidents in timber activities in Australia from 1989 to 1992. Overall, the rate of fatalities in timber activities is twice the industry average. Industries and activities include forestry and logging, sawmills and agricultural work involving timber work. Fatalities among bystanders and persons doing unpaid work in the home are also included. Several case studies pare presented. Recommendations are made in the areas of design of machinery and equipment, maintenance of machinery and equipment, work practices and organization, information and awareness, training and supervision, and risk assessment. (75687)

CIS 00-1366 Austrian mining yearbook, 1997 - Mining - Raw materials - Minerals - Energy. (German: Österreichisches Montan-Handbuch 1997: Bergbau - Rohstoffe - Grundstoffe - Energie) Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Anlegenheiten, Sektion VI, Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne, Horn/Wien, Austria, Year 71, 1997. vii, 324p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-85028-248-1 (In German)

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Topics: Austria; coal; directory; legislation; mineral oils; mining industry; occupational accidents; statistics. (75541)

CIS 00-1367 Activities of the Labour Inspectorate for the Transportation and Communications Industry. (German: Die Tätigkeit des Verkehrs-Arbeitsinspektorats) Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Verkehr, Verkehrs-Arbeitsinspektorat, Radetzkystrasse 2, 1030 Vienna, Austria, 1999. 5 documents in a folder: 22p., 15p., 14p., 15p., 16p. Illus. (In German)

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Collection of five reports by the Austrian Labour Inspectorate for the Transportation and Communications Industry covering the years 1992-1998. After an overview of tasks and activities of the inspectorate, statistical data are provided on operations to be inspected and employees covered by these inspections. The responsibility of the inspectorate extends to federal and private railways, trams, cable cars, post and telegraph services, navigation and aviation. The text provides the listing of operations inspected in a given year, number of notices filed, statistics of accidents and of occupational diseases. (75675)

CIS 00-1368 Promotion of the health of construction workers. Kaukiainen A., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2000. 85p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-349-2 (In English)

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This report presents the combined results of five studies of construction workers and office cleaners. The purpose of these studies was to improve the health and aptitude to work through the implementation of physical exercise programmes, the introduction of tools with improved ergonomic characteristics, health education and ergonomic counselling. Results indicate that musculoskeletal symptoms decrease and muscular strength and balance increase as a result of physical exercise. Tools with ergonomic improvements allowed the reduction of fatigue and muscular and cardiac loads. Ergonomic education and counselling caused improvements in work and in the work environment, and led to an increased need of ergonomic improvements in small enterprises. A model facilitating the planning, implementation and follow-up of a health promotion programme is also presented. (75487)

CIS 00-1369 Accident case studies. Singapore Construction Safety & Consultancy Pte Ldt (SC2), No.1, Bukit Merah Lane 2, Construction House, Singapore 159760, Republic of Singapore, Mar. 1998. iii, 60p. Illus. Price: SGD 5.00. (In English)

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Topics: accident descriptions; case study; causes of accidents; construction industry; earthmoving equipment; electricity; explosions; falling objects; falls from heights; fatalities; mechanical hazards; occupational accidents; Singapore. (75419)

CIS 00-1370 Safety and health training programme for workers. (Portuguese: Programa de educação em segurança e saúde do trabalhador) Santi A., Franco Motti M.I, Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 50p. Illus. 9 ref. (In Portuguese)

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This is a report on a safety and health training programme for workers of the metal industry the objective of which was to increase workers' OSH awareness. The programme was divided into three phases. The first phase, covering general issues on safety and health policies in Brazil, accident risk and prevention in the metal industry and safety and health committees, was attended by 409 workers. The second phase, attended by 179 workers, was dedicated to information on various subjects: noise, repetitive strain injuries, organization of safety and the role of health committees, occupational diseases (pulmonary and skin diseases), machinery and personal protective equipment. The issues discussed during the third phase, attended by 51 workers, included workers' protection and actions at the trade union and government level. (75574)

CIS 00-1371 Ageing workers in the European Union - Status and promotion of work ability, employability and employment. Ilmarinen J., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1999. 274p. Illus. 102 ref., ISBN 951-802-306-9 (In English)

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During the next few decades, the work forces within the Member States of the European Union will be their oldest in history. Not only are large age cohorts retiring, but the number of young among the working age population will be smaller. The competitiveness of the European Union compared to North America and Asia will therefore depend on the contributions of its older workers. This report consists of two parts. The first part depicts the current status of workers above 45 years of age, while the second part proposes a number of measures that could be taken to improve the status of this group of workers in the labour market, drawn mainly from Finnish studies. (75634)

CIS 00-1372 A guide to selection, use and maintenance of personal protective equipment for cargo handling operations in ports. Government of India, Ministry of Labour, Dock Safety Division, Directorate General Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes, Mumbai 400 022, India, 2000. 26p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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These guidelines are aimed at employers of dock workers and operators of hazardous installations in ports. They provide recommendations to the selection of appropriate personal protective equipment for dock workers engaged in cargo handling operations. Main topics covered: head protection; eye and face protection; hand protection; foot and leg protection; respiratory protection; body protection (aprons and coveralls; safety belts and harnesses); testing of personal protective equipment. A table of the various cargoes, the hazards involved and the recommended type of personal protective equipment is provided. (75530)

CIS 00-1373 Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994: The health and safety file. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 2000. 2p. 8 ref. (In English)

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This information sheet provides guidance on the health and safety file required under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 (CDM Regulations, see CIS 95-13). CDM Regulations are aimed at improving the overall management and coordination of health, safety and welfare through all stages of a construction project. The health and safety file is a record on the key risks that could arise in subsequent maintenance, repair and construction work. Contents include: preparing the health and safety file (what information is required, and how it needs to be collected, presented and stored); contents of the health and safety file; future use of the health and safety file. (75593)

CIS 00-1374 Accident prevention on board ship at sea and in port. (French: Prévention des accidents à bord des navires en mer et dans les ports; Spanish: Prevención de accidentes a bordo de los buques en el mar y en los puertos) International Labour Office (ILO), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1996. xiv, 194p. 92 ref. Index. Price: CHF 27.50., ISBN 92-2-109450-2 (En), ISBN 92-2-209450-6 (fr), ISBN 92-2-309450-X (es) (In English, French, Spanish)

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This code of practice is an update of the previous version (see CIS 78-1444). It was drawn up by a meeting of 15 international experts, convened by the ILO at Geneva (28 Sep. - 5 Oct. 1993) and attended by representatives of IMO, ISO, the CEC, the IOE, the ICFTU and the WFTU. Contents: duties and responsibilities of competent authorities, shipowners, masters, seafearers, safety officers and safety representatives; reporting of accidents; permit-to work systems; safety and heath considerations; shipboard emergencies and emergency equipment; carriage of dangerous goods; safe access to ship; safe movement about the ship; working in enclosed or confined spaces; manual lifting and carrying; tools and materials; welding and flame-cutting; painting; different types of work done on board; specific vessel types. Appendix: permit-to-work form. (75584)

CIS 00-1375 Safety during emptying and cleaning of fryers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Oct. 2000. 2p. 4 ref. (In English)

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Accidents during the emptying and cleaning of fryers are a major cause of burns suffered by employees in the restaurant industry. This information sheet provides guidance on how to empty and clean fryers safely. Contents include: list of main hazards; when to empty and clean; proper sequence for oil draining; cleaning procedures; training of employees. (75592)

CIS 00-1376 Temporary employment. (Dutch: Uitzendarbeid; French: Le travail intérimaire) D'Huyvetter M., Vlayen V., De Lange H., Van der Steen M., PREVENT, rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1999. 20p., ISBN 2-87112-065-X (fr), ISBN 90-70902-67-2 (ned) (In Dutch, French)

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This practical guide outlines the Belgian legislation which applies to temporary employment and describes the various steps (before, during, after) of the temporary employee's mission, taking into account the information to be exchanged among the following three parties: the worker, the employer and the temporary work agency. It highlights the importance of information in dealing with the hazards to which the temporary worker could be exposed, training and information as well as the need of individual protective equipment. Appendices: summary of duties of employer and temporary work agency; example of a workplace data sheet; outline of a system for workplace risk analysis. (75590)

CIS 00-1377 Security audit checklist. Singapore Construction Safety & Consultancy Pte Ldt (SC2), No.1, Bukit Merah Lane 2, Construction House, Singapore 159760, Republic of Singapore, 1998. ii, 28p. (In English)

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Topics: check lists; construction industry; plant safety supervision; safety analysis; safety checks; Singapore. (75420)

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CIS 00-1378 Risks of accidents from working with robots. (Spanish: Los riesgos de accidentes en el trabajo con robots) Angel R., Protección y seguridad, May-June 2000, Vol.46, No.271, p.22-28. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Most accidents from working with robots are caused by system failures, although a non-negligible portion are due to conscious or unconscious operator recklessness. This article describes the required reliability during the shutting-down of robot installations (controlled shut-down during production, emergency shut-down, control of the clamp, interconnections of the various stop devices). It also provides answers to frequently asked questions on the use of industrial robots and outlines the requirements necessary to ensure that employees can program the equipment, supervise production and cross production areas under safe conditions. (75528)

CIS 00-1379 Prospective study of advanced robotics and occupational health. (Spanish: Prospectiva, robótica avanzada y salud laboral) López Peláez A., Prevención, trabajo y salud, 2000, No.6, p.14-21. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article summarizes the results of a Delphi study on the consequences of robotics and automation, with particular emphasis on changes in working conditions and their impact on health. Trends expected for the next ten years include a lowering of occupational accidents caused by repetitive tasks and conflictual situations between workers, as well as the elimination of intermediate supervisory levels of management. The levels of qualifications required of workers will be higher. The impact on workers' physical and mental health is two-edged: while the improvement in working conditions will result in the elimination of certain occupational hazards, there is the emergence of new hazards, in particular the rise in stress factors linked to the increase in responsibilities and to the intensification of work (increase in the number of tasks to be carried out and in the work rhythm, in line with that of the robots). (75522)

CIS 00-1380 NIOSH publications on video display terminals. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 3rd ed., 1999. v, 134p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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This revised compilation (see CIS 88-170 and 92-179 for earlier editions) comprises a bibliography of publications on video display terminals (VDTs) written by NIOSH staff or funded by NIOSH, along with full-text copies of selected references. These include results of NIOSH studies and recommendations on VDTs regarding reproductive effects, exposure to radiation, musculoskeletal diseases, keyboard ergonomics, rest breaks and glare. Information on how to obtain listed items is included. (75681)

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CIS 00-1381 Tyler asbestos workers: Mortality experience in a cohort exposed to amosite. Levin J.L., McLarty J.W., Hurst G.A., Smith A.N., Frank A.L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.155-160. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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The causes of death among 1,130 former workers of a plant in Tyler, Texas, dedicated to the manufacture of asbestos pipe insulation materials were examined. This cohort is unusual because it used amosite as the only asbestiform mineral in the production process. There was an excess of deaths from respiratory cancer including the bronchus, trachea and lung. Four pleural mesotheliomas and two peritoneal mesotheliomas were identified. The analysis also showed an increasing risk of respiratory malignancy with increased duration of exposure including a significant excess of total deaths from respiratory cancer with less than six months of work at the plant. The importance of the cohort lies with the pure amosite exposure which took place in the plant and the extended period of latency which has followed. The death certificate analysis indicates the pathogenicity of amosite, the predominant commercial amphibole used in the United States. These data confirm a link between amosite asbestos and respiratory malignancy as well as mesothelioma. (75413)

CIS 00-1382 Risk of silicosis in a Colorado mining community. Kreiss K., Zhen B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.529-539. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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The exposure-response relationship for silicosis was investigated among 134 men over age 40 who had been identified in a previous community-based random sample study in a mining town. Thirty-two per cent of the 100 dust-exposed subjects had radiologic profusions of small opacities of 1/0 or greater at a mean time since first silica exposure of 36.1 years. Of miners with cumulative silica exposures of 2mg/m³-years or less, 20% had silicosis; of miners accumulating > mg/m m³-years, 63% had silicosis. Logistic regression models demonstrated that time since last silica exposure and either cumulative silica exposure or a combination of average silica exposure and duration of exposure predicted silicosis risk. Exposure-response relations were substantially higher using measured silica exposures than using estimated silica exposures based on measured dust exposures assuming a constant silica proportion of dust, consistent with lower levels of exposure misclassification. (75441)

CIS 00-1383 Comparison of measures of exposure to asbestos in former crocidolite workers from Wittenoom Gorge, W. Australia. de Klerk N.H., Musk A.W., Williams V., Filion P.R., Whitaker D., Shilkin K.B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.579-587. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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This work aims to validate the airborne crocidolite exposure measurements by obtaining measurements of the concentrations of uncoated crocidolite fibres and asbestos bodies retained in the lungs of individual workers, and to estimate the half-life of crocidolite fibres in the lungs. Specimens of lung tissue of former workers known to have died were processed using Pooley's method with TEM for counts of fibres of all types and using Smith and Naylor's method with conventional light microscopy for asbestos bodies (AB). Multiple linear regression was utilized to examine the associations between crocidolite concentrations in the lung and duration of employment at Wittenoom, time since last employed at Wittenoom, nature of job, estimated average fibre concentration at the worksite, and estimated cumulative crocidolite exposure (CCE). There was good agreement between counts of crocidolite fibres, asbestos bodies and CCE. The half-life of crocidolite fibres in the lung was estimated at 92 months. The half-life of crocidolite fibres in the lungs of former Wittenoom workers is about 7-8 years. (75445)

CIS 00-1384 Pulmonary function, smoking habits, and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) early abnormalities of the lung and pleural fibrosis in shipyard workers exposed to asbestos. Neri S., Boraschi P., Antonelli A., Falaschi F., Baschieri L., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.588-595. 36 ref. (In English)

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Asymptomatic asbestos-exposed workers with normal standard P-A chest radiographs were submitted to HRCT, CO-diffusing capacity and pulmonary function tests. HRCT scans were normal only in 31 examined workers; 31 subjects showed both pleural and parenchymal involvement, and 50 and 7 had exclusively pleural and parenchymal abnormalities, respectively. Based on CO-diffusing capacity and pulmonary function tests, lower values of FVC were observed in the nonsmoking workers with parenchymal abnormalities in comparison with nonsmoking subjects with normal parenchyme, and lower values of FEV₁/FVC in the smokers with parenchymal lesions with respect to smokers with normal parenchyme. In conclusion, HRCT may detect early parenchymal abnormalities which correlate with exposure to asbestos and respiratory function impairment, including a reduction in obstructive indices in smokers occupationally exposed to asbestos without any clinically evident disease. (75446)

CIS 00-1385 Pulmonary fibrosis in a carpenter with long-lasting exposure to fiberglass. Takahashi T., Munakata M., Takekawa H., Homma Y., Kawakami Y., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.596-600. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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A 56-year-old male carpenter had a history of fibreglass inhalation for 41 years without any protective device. His chest radiograph showed small nodular opacities in lower lung fields and multiple cystic lesions and low attenuation areas in upper lung fields. Light and polarizing microscopic examinations of his transbronchial lung biopsy specimen revealed mild interstitial fibrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration in alveolar walls without birefringent substances. However, widespread depositions of small glass fibres (<2.5µm in length and 0.3 µm in diameter) were detected by analytical electron microscopy, which suggested their possible contribution to the development of his pulmonary fibrosis. (75447)

CIS 00-1386 Assessment of respiratory symptoms and lung function related to wood dust exposure in industrial woodworking shops. (French: Evaluation des symptômes et de la fonction respiratoire en relation avec les expositions aux poussières de bois dans les ateliers de menuiserie industrielle) Marcuccilli A., Perdrix A., Metras E., Costa Salute C., Gary Y., Saenz F., de Gaudemaris R., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Aug. 1998, Vol.59, No.5, p.305-314. 36 ref. (In French)

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The risks of ear-nose-throat (ENT) and respiratory complaints of workers exposed to industrial wooddust were analysed in a cross-sectional study of carpenters and controls with the same socio-economic status. Occupational risks were measured by means of an enquiry carried out by qualified social security staff plus collection of personal respirable dust samplings of < 5µm. The statistical analysis was based on odds ratio (O.R.) of ENT and respiratory complaints adjusted for atopy, age, smoking and professional activity. The analysis of the questionnaire showed significantly increased O.R. for most irritative conditions. Multivariate analysis showed the importance of occupational activities together with atopy and smoking in the development of symptoms and also confirmed that selection of personnel on the basis of such tests would not resolve all problems. As regards occupational exposure, the study shows the prevalence of high exposure levels to dust, with the problem exacerbated by exotic timbers. (75517)

CIS 00-1387 Exposure to cerium oxide in the polishing of handmade glass. (Italian: Esposizione ad ossido di cerio nella brillantatura del vetro lavorato a mano) Montagnani R., De Merich D., Marinaro M., Sepulcri D., Scalet B., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.37-40. 11 ref. (In Italian)

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Cases of pneumoconiosis, pulmonary fibrosis and dyspnoea have been recorded for workers using cerium oxide in manual glass polishing. Approx. 100 glass works in Murano (Venice, Italy) were studied with respect to the exposure of their workers to aerosols containing cerium oxide. Without local air exhaust, the ACGIH TLV/TWA of 10mg/m³ would be exceeded by a wide margin. Local aspiration was shown to reduce dust exposure by a factor of ten. Wet work does not provide sufficient protection, since fine powders (particles measuring 1-2µm) are particularly hard to wet. (75623)

CIS 00-1388 Occupational exposure to ethylene oxide of hospital staff. Wesołowski W., Sitarek K., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Jan.-Mar. 1999, Vol.12, No.1, p.59-65. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Occupational exposure to ethylene oxide was assessed among the workers in direct contact with ethylene oxide or with ethylene oxide-sterilized instruments in 13 hospitals located in the city of Łodź (Poland) and its suburbs. Individual dosimetry and stationary sampling methods were employed. The samples collected from the occupational environment were analysed by gas chromatography with mass detection. The analytical method enabled determination of low ethylene oxide concentrations in the presence of accompanying chemicals, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl ether and isoflurene. In total, 227 determinations were made, and ethylene oxide at concentrations above 0.01mg/m³ (which was the detection limit of the method) was found to be present in 164 samples. The ethylene oxide levels were found to vary widely, from lower than 0.01 of the TLV (STEL: 3mg/m³) to several hundred times. (75407)

CIS 00-1389 DBCP-induced sterility and reduced fertility among men in developing countries. Levy B.S., Levin J.L., Teitelbaum D.T., eds., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.5, No.2, p.115-150. Illus. 104 ref. (In English)

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Topics: agriculture; antifertility effects; Nemagon; cohort study; developing countries; ethics; nematocides; pesticides; spermatogenic disturbances; sterility; toxic effects. (75410)

CIS 00-1390 Use of a crop and job specific exposure matrix for retrospective assessment of long term exposure in studies of chronic neurotoxic effects of agrichemicals. London L., Myers J.E., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.194-201. Illus. 53 ref. (In English)

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The long term exposure of farm workers based on a job exposure matrix (JEM) developed for use in a study of the neurotoxic effects of organophosphates was estimated and the repeatability and validity of the JEM was evaluated. A JEM was constructed with secondary data from industry and expert opinion of the estimate of agrichemical exposure within every possible job activity in the JEM to weight job days for exposure to organophosphates. Cumulative lifetime and average intensity exposure of organophosphate exposure were calculated for 163 pesticide applicators and 84 controls. Repeat questionnaires were given to 29 participants three months later to test repeatability of measurements. The ability of JEM based exposure to predict a known marker of organophosphate exposure was used to validate the JEM. Cumulative lifetime exposure as measured in kg organophosphate exposure, was significantly associated with erythrocyte cholinesterase concentrations, controlled for a range of confounders. Repeatability and average lifetime intensity of exposure was adequate. (75418)

CIS 00-1391 Reliability of retrospective chlorophenol exposure estimates over five decades. Teschke K., Marion S.A., Ostry A., Hertzmann C., Herschler R., Dimich-Ward H., Kelly S., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.616-622. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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Historical chlorophenate exposures were estimated by teams of sawmill workers. The mill histories were divided into eras when jobs and exposures were relatively stable. Raters with at least 5 years of work experience in an era were asked to estimate the frequency and duration of exposure for each job in the mill. Reliability measures for these estimates were calculated for each of the mills and time period combinations, using the individual intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_ind) to assess agreement between raters and the group intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_group). ICC_ind were low, but ICC_group were considerably higher, indicating that the number of raters used in this study was sufficient to produce stable average estimates of exposure throughout the study period. These data confirm the intuitive expectation that reliability of exposure estimates decreases when reconstruction of conditions in the distant past is required, and therefore that the random component of exposure misclassification is a greater threat to validity in these earlier time periods. (75449)

CIS 00-1392 Solvent substitution: Theoretical background, analysis of substitution possibilities and proposed solutions. (French: Substitution des solvants: bases théoriques, analyse de substitution et grands axes des solutions) Gérin M., Bégin D., Goupil J., Garneau R., Sacks S., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.7, p.519-527. 37 ref. (In French)

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Topics: Canada; environment; literature survey; organic solvents; physical hazards; substitution. (75506)

CIS 00-1393 Urinary trans-trans muconic acid: Indicator of the risk of benzene exposure among tank truck drivers. (French: Acide trans-trans muconique urinaire: indicateur d'exposition au risque benzène chez les citernistes) Wendling J.M., Gonzalez M., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1998, Vol.59, No.8, p.543-547. Illus. 13 ref. (In French)

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To evaluate benzene exposure, a study of urinary muconic acid excretion was conducted among 26 exposed road tanker drivers. A study of the activity (work study, questionnaires) identified the methods of operation as well as the incidents that occurred during the workday. During the day of the inquiry, the accidental inhalation and direct (hands) or indirect (soiled clothes) skin contaminations inducing exposure peaks involved 11.5% of the drivers. Urinary muconic acid average was 0.43mg/g creatinine. The level of trans-trans muconic acid excretion was significantly higher in the drivers having reported incidents than in those not reporting incidents. When no incidents occurred, road tanker drivers are moderately exposed to benzene. We propose collective and individual safety measures to reduce the benzene exposure level in this professional group. (75512)

CIS 00-1394 Thyroid health status of ammonium perchlorate workers: A cross-sectional occupational health study. Lamm S.H., Braverman L.E., Li F.X., Richman K., Pino S., Howearth G., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.248-260. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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A study of employees at a perchlorate manufacturing plant was conducted to assess whether occupational exposure to perchlorate suppresses thyroid function. Exposure to perchlorate was assessed by measurement of ambient air concentrations of perchlorate particles, and systemic absorption was assessed by measurement of urinary perchlorate excretion. Workers were grouped into four exposure categories. Thyroid function was assessed by measurement of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine index, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroid hormone binding ratio, thyroid peroxidase antibodies and by clinical examination. No differences in thyroid function parameters were found among the four groups of workers across approximately three orders of magnitude of exposure and of dose. Thus human thyroid function was not affected by these levels of absorbed perchlorate. In addition, no clinical evidence of thyroid abnormalities was found in any exposure group. The blood-cell counts were normal in all groups, indicating no evidence of haematotoxicity in this exposure range. (75396)

CIS 00-1395 Occupational dermatoses in composite production. Isaksson M., Zimerson E., Bruze M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.261-266. 15 ref. (In English)

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In a plant that produces fibre-resin composite by impregnation of cellulose fibres with phenol-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins, a new technique was introduced that resulted in problems in the handling of uncured products. Many workers suffered dermatitis on areas of exposed skin. A primary investigation found that some workers had an occupationally related skin disease with contact allergy to work materials. We undertook a survey of occupational dermatoses, based on a questionnaire, clinical examination and patch test with a standard series and a series of products and chemicals representing the work environment. Eighty-eight workers participated in the clinical investigation. In six workers, contact allergy to phenol-formaldehyde resin was seen, and in five workers, contact allergy to melamine-formaldehyde resin was noted. Two workers were allergic to both resins. Occupational dermatitis was diagnosed in nine of 88 (10.2%) workers. In this article, we discuss possible preventive measures for avoiding occupational dermatitis. (75397)

CIS 00-1396 Occupational chlorophenol exposure and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Garabedian M.J., Hoppin J.A., Tolbert P.E., Herrick R.F., Brann E.A., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.267-272. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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Occupational exposure to chlorophenols is suspected to increase non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) risk. This association was examined using data from a population-based case-control study of men aged 32 to 60 years. Potential chlorophenol exposure was characterized by intensity estimates and confidence ratings based upon review of verbatim job histories. Cases with substantial chlorophenol exposure had a significantly greater number of years of chlorophenol exposure; however, in conditional logistic regression models, the odds ratio for more than 8 years of substantial exposure was 1.51. Overall, the findings do not provide strong support for an association with NHL risk. Chlorophenol exposure in this study is not based upon measured values and, therefore, may fail to characterize actual chlorophenol exposures accurately. These results are consistent with other findings, which suggest that chlorophenol exposure is not likely to be a strong risk factor for NHL. (75398)

CIS 00-1397 Human effect monitoring in cases of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs: A method comparison. Kevekordes S., Gebel T.W., Hellwig M., Dames W., Dunkelberg H., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.145-149. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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The aim of the study was to investigate whether DNA damage increased in subjects possibly exposed to high amounts of antineoplastic agents. The level of genetic damage was determined in peripheral mononuclear blood cells with the sister chromatid exchange test, the alkaline elusion technique and the cytokinesis block micronucleus test. The supposed increased exposure of the study subjects was caused by a malfunction of a safety hood resulting in leakage of air during preparation of an infusion of an antineoplastic drug. Two months after a new safety hood was installed, the frequencies of micronuclei and sister chromatic exchanges of exposed nurses were still significantly increased when compared with a matched control group. In a second examination seven months later, the frequency of micronuclei had significantly decreased to control values. Moreover, the study subjects who smoked had significantly increased frequencies of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges. (75411)

CIS 00-1398 Mortality and cancer incidence of aircraft maintenance workers exposed to trichloroethylene and other organic solvents and chemicals: Extended follow up. Blair A., Hartge P., Stewart P.A., McAdams M., Lubin J., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.161-171. 56 ref. (In English)

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The aim of the study was to extend the follow-up of a cohort of 14,457 aircraft maintenance workers to the end of 1990 to evaluate cancer risks from potential exposure to trichloroethylene and other chemicals. In the combined follow-up period (1952-90), mortality from all causes and all cancer was close to expected. Significant excesses occurred for ischaemic heart disease, asthma and bone cancer, whereas significant deficits occurred for cerebrovascular disease, accidents and cancer of the central nervous system. Workers exposed to trichloroethylene showed non-significant excesses for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancers of the oesophagus, colon, primary liver, breast, cervix, kidney and bone. None of these cancers showed an exposure-response gradient and relative risks (RRs) among workers exposed to other chemicals but not trichlorethylene often had RRs as large as workers exposed to trichloroethylene. Workers exposed to solvents other than trichloroethylene had slightly increased mortality from asthma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and breast cancer. These findings do not strongly support a causal link with trichloroethylene because the associations were not significant, not clearly dose-related, and inconsistent between men and women. (75414)

CIS 00-1399 Hematological changes in hospital workers due to chronic exposure to low levels of ethylene oxide. Shaham J., Levi Z., Gurvich R., Shain R., Ribak J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.843-850. Illus. 41 ref. (In English)

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A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine whether occupational exposure to low levels of ethylene oxide can cause haematological abnormalities. Blood samples were collected from a group of 47 exposed hospital workers and a control group, individually matched by age, sex and smoking habits, consisting of 88 hospital administration employees. Significant differences were found between the exposed and the control group in the frequency of workers with white blood cells lower than the normal range. An elevation in the absolute mean number of monocytes and eosinophils and a decrease in the absolute mean number of lymphocytes in the exposed group compared with the control group was found. An elevation in the percentage of haematocrit and the mean absolute number of the red blood cells, and a decrease in the mean absolute number of platelets, in the exposed group compared with the control group were also observed. A positive dose-response was found between cumulative dose exposure and the absolute mean number of eosinophils. (75429)

CIS 00-1400 Parental occupational lead exposure and low birth weight. Min Y.I., Correa-Villaseñor A., Stewart P.A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1996, Vol.30, No.5, p.569-578. 32 ref. (In English)

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This study suggests that paternal occupational lead exposure may be associated with low birth weight in the offspring. The odds of low birth weight rose fivefold among infants of fathers who were potentially exposed to high levels of lead during the period 6 months before pregnancy to the end of pregnancy. This effect was most prominent for low-birth-weight infants who were both preterm and small for gestational age. There was a suggestion of a gradual increase of the odds of low birth weight at medium levels of exposure, but this increase was not statistically significant. No increased odds were observed at low levels of exposure. Low birth weight was not associated with paternal ever versus never exposure, indirect exposure or exposure frequency. An independent effect of exposure duration could not be evaluated as it was highly correlated with exposure level. (75444)

CIS 00-1401 Chemical products: Access to information for the occupational physician. Why and how?. (French: Produits chimiques: accès à l'information pour le médecin du travail. Pourquoi, comment?) Gillet A., Folliot D., Deslauriers M., Brochard P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1996, Vol.57, No.8, p.594-600. (In French)

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Topics: chemical products; dangerous substances; France; industrial physicians; information processing and retrieval; legislation; occupational diseases; occupational medicine. (75503)

CIS 00-1402 Protective gloves for handling harmful substances. (German: Schutzhandschuhe beim Umgang mit Gefahrstoffen) Rheker R., Oppl R., Die BG, Mar. 1998, p.130-135. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: building industry; chemical products; construction industry; decomposition; Germany; harmful substances; mixtures; paints and varnishes; penetration resistance; permeability testing; protective gloves; selection of equipment. (75542)

CIS 00-1403 UNI-ISPESL guide to the selection and use of respiratory protective devices. (Italian: La guida UNI-ISPESL alla scelta e all'uso degli apparecchi di protezione delle vie respiratorie) Campanella E., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.19-26. 10 ref. (In Italian)

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This article essentially provides a detailed contents analysis of the UNI 10720 standard concerning the selection and use of respiratory protective devices, with the exception of diving and high-altitude applications. The main applications are in areas of chemical hazards, oxygen deficiency and/or the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere. Compulsory features of the devices and selection criteria are described. Two appended tables list the required protection factors for a number of types of both filtering and insulating devices. The standard recommends to use these factors, which are more realistic than those based on nominal performance, in order to compare the performances of the devices. (75621)

CIS 00-1404 Selection and use criteria for respiratory protective devices. (Italian: Criteri di scelta e di impiego degli apparecchi di protezione delle vie respiratorie) Moscatelli R., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.27-33. Illus. (In Italian)

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Referring to the UNI-ISPESL guideline for the selection and use of respiratory protective devices (see CIS 00-1403), this article provides justification for the criteria for selection and use of such devices based on experience gained in contacts with manufacturers and with users. It is pointed out in particular that the safety gain available from the protective device depends on the likelihood that the device is worn, which in turn depends on the wearing comfort, simplicity, instruction and training, and motivation. (75622)

CIS 00-1405 Cancer mortality among arc welders exposed to fumes containing chromium and nickel - Results of a third follow-up: 1989-1995. Becker N., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.294-303. 19 ref. (In English)

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A historical follow-up study among arc welders exposed to chromium and nickel was started in 1980 (for the original study, see CIS 85-1415). A third follow-up extending the observation period to the years 1989 through 1995 is reported here. By 1995, of the 1213 welders and 1688 controls who were originally included in the study, 274 welders and 448 controls had died. Results showed that cancer mortality remains significantly increased by approximately 35%. There was an elevation of 50% or 60% in mortality from cancers of the respiratory tract, which is also statistically significant. However, this increase is predominantly due to a large excess in mortality from mesothelioma, which is known to be caused chiefly by asbestos exposure. Lung cancer mortality is nonsignificantly increased by approximately 20% to 30%. An indirect assessment of asbestos-related lung cancers and total cancer indicates that the observed increase of mortality might be mainly due to asbestos exposure. No indication of an elevated cancer risk specifically associated with the exposure to welding fumes containing chromium and nickel could be determined. (75400)

CIS 00-1406 Occupational allergic contact urticaria from maleic anhydride. Kanerva L., Alanko K., Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 2000, Vol.42, No.3, p.170-172. 15 ref. (In English)

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A 32-year-old non-atopic process operator presented rhinitis, dyspnoea, conjunctivitis and whealing, the respiratory symptoms preceding the skin symptoms. He had worked as a carpenter and with cement, and for 3 years in a firm manufacturing polyester resin prior to onset. His job was to pour maleic anhydride granules from 25kg bags into a 1000kg vessel. He used a fresh-air helmet because of the dust. His skin symptoms were itchy wheals. Based on anamnestic data, prick tests, RASTs and a provocation test, it was concluded that the patient had occupational allergic IgE-mediated rhinoconjunctivitis and contact urticaria from maleic anhydride. Because of the risk of occupational asthma, he was advised not to continue his job. (75455)

CIS 00-1407 Personal exposure to air pollutants. CONCAWE Review, Apr. 2000, Vol.9, No.1, p.17-18. Illus. (In English)

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Health effects of atmospheric pollutants result from personal exposure. The air quality limits fixed by the European Commission are based on ambient air. However, personal exposure is the result of different sources of pollution in air that people actually breathe, of which ambient air is only one. One also needs to take into account indoor exposure levels to pollutants, which are often higher. Knowledge of personal exposure to atmospheric pollutants is essential for understanding the relationships between health effects and air quality. Many studies confirm the diversity of sources and factors that contribute to, or modify, personal exposure. Therefore, the health benefits achievable from the reduction of pollutants in ambient air alone are questionable, and should be balanced against the cost of implementing stringent air quality limit values. (75494)

CIS 00-1408 Biological monitoring of occupational exposure in Murano craft shops producing handmade glass. (Italian: Monitoraggio biologico dell'esposizione lavorativo in aziende artigiane muranesi che producono vetro lavorato a mano) Montagnani R., De Merich D., Bavazzano P., Li Donni V., Bellussi A.L., Stradella G., Biondi S., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.151-156. Illus. 11 ref. (In Italian)

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The manufacture of glass articles is heavily concentrated in Murano (Venice, Italy). 125 craftsmen working in 120 small enterprises were monitored for arsenic, antimony and cadmium in urine, and lead in blood. Against reference values from a non-exposed population, a significant proportion of the workers exhibited higher heavy metal levels. The persons most heavily exposed (the owners preparing the glass blends) were not available for the tests. Few companies have adequate local ventilation. However, with the introduction of glass beads (pioneered in Sweden) replacing the powdered ingredients, the substitution of arsenic by antimony, and the relatively low lead levels in Murano glass, exposure to harmful substances is being greatly reduced. (75630)

CIS 00-1409 Statistics on occupational contact dermatitis from (meth)acrylates in dental personnel. Kanerva L., Alanko K., Estlander T., Jolanki R., Lahtinen A., Savela A., Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 2000, Vol.42, No.3, p.175-176. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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During 1975-1998, 630 cases of occupational dermatosis in dental personnel were reported to the Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases, 70.6% of which were allergic. The number of cases greatly increased during the last decade. No cases of acrylates or methacrylates allergy were reported in 1975-1981. During 1982-1998, 161 cases were reported, 87% being allergic. The largest annual number of occupational dermatoses from acrylates and methacrylates in dental personnel were reported in 1998. (75456)

CIS 00-1410 Recognition and control of exposure to refractory ceramic fibres (RCF). European Chemical Fibre Industry Association, 3 rue de Colonel Moll, 75017 Paris, France, Nov. 1999. 58p. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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Products made from refractory chemical fibres (RCF) are mainly used in industrial applications requiring insulation at very high temperatures. This document consists of 3 parts. The first section gives a definition of RCFs and their areas of application, highlighting the fundamental differences between RCFs and asbestos. The second section provides data on dust concentrations to which workers are exposed, as well as the principal mechanisms governing dust release and dust concentrations. The third section presents methods of exposure evaluation applicable to 4 industrial settings (fibre production, manufacture of products, furnaces, other end-uses). (75490)

CIS 00-1411 Benzene. (Portuguese: Benzeno) de Carvalho A.B., Arcuri A.S.A., Bedrikow B., da Silva Augusto L.G., Correia Oliveira L.C., Bonciani M., Kato M., Passos Gramacho M.I., Freitas N.B.B., Pires Novaes T.C., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 2nd ed., 1995. 86p. Illus. 194 ref. (In Portuguese)

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This booklet provides the current situation with respect to the prevention of health hazards due to benzene in Brazil. Topics covered: history of social movements in favour of control of exposure to benzene; health effects of benzene (myelotoxicity, genotoxicity, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity); benzene in Brazil (production and consumption, exposed groups, workplace air contamination in the various industries, epidemiology; prevention of hazards and health surveillance, legislation); exposure to benzene and prevention measures (control of air contamination, biological monitoring). (75572)

CIS 00-1412 Peroxidable compounds. (Portuguese: Substâncias peroxidáveis) Arcuri S.A.A., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 57p. 18 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Peroxidable compounds are chemicals which can react with oxygen to form unstable peroxides, possibly resulting in violent explosions. Some are widely used in chemical laboratories and industry. Formation of peroxides can occur during storage, or by evaporation, distillation, heating or under the effect of impact or friction. This document reviews all the information on this subject. Main topics covered: mechanism of peroxidation and structure of peroxidable compounds; substances which give rise to peroxides; elimination of peroxides by chemical reaction; labelling; storage, waste disposal; inhibition of peroxide formation; substitution. Various tests for peroxide detection are described in the appendix. (75575)

CIS 00-1413 Analysis of dangerous substances. (German: Gefahrstoff-Analytik) Leichnitz K., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 51. Ergänzungslieferung, Dec. 1999. 210p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-609-19401-4 (In German)

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Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and anti-pollution laws, and for analysis of process gases (CIS 90-955). Main topics covered: criteria for sustainable, safe compliance with air immission values; limiting air immission values at the workplace; biological workplace tolerance values; listing of carcinogens, mutagens and substances interfering with reproduction; ordinance concerning combustion plants for waste and similar combustibles; ordinance on emission limits of combustion engines; update of Directive 90/394/EEC on the protection of employees against exposure to carcinogens at the workplace; Directive 1999/30/EC on limiting values for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxides, particulates and lead in air. (75673)

CIS 00-1414 Characteristics of people working with chemical products in small firms. Biggs D., Crumbie N., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. v, 149p. Illus. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-1814-5 (In English)

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This survey was carried out in order to understand awareness levels about risks from chemicals as well as about safety and health organization in small enterprises. A total of 521 persons in various sectors (hairdressing, dry cleaning, electroplating, wood treating, garages) were interviewed. The main findings are that contrary to expectations, managers of small enterprises are not more knowledgeable with respect to risks from chemicals than their employees; a large majority of persons are not familiar with danger symbols; one third of the respondents had never had any safety and health training and many were not aware of the regulations concerning chemicals. Communications must be improved in small enterprises, and written communications must take into account the low level of reading skills and the lack of knowledge of the terms used to describe the hazards. (75478)

CIS 00-1415 Agreement and legislation on benzene [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Acordo e legislação sobre benzeno) Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 2000. iii, 60p. 6 ref. (In Portuguese)

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This publication includes the texts of new legislation (regulation No.14 and directives 01 and 02 (see CIS 96-402 for the latter two)) on the prevention of occupational exposure to benzene as well as of the collective agreement mentioning the role of the Ministries of Work and Health, FUNDACENTRO, companies and workers in the prevention of occupational exposure to benzene. (75580)

CIS 00-1416 Occupational hygiene standard - Test method: Qualitative analysis of the volatile fraction (organic vapours) in glues, inks and varnishes by gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection. (Portuguese: Norma de higiene ocupacional - Método de ensaio: Análise qualitativa da fração volátil (vapores orgânicos) em colas, tintas e vernizes por cromatografia gasosa/detector de ionização de chama) Nunes Cardoso L.M., Rodrigues Pereira M.L., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1999. 43p. Illus. 16 ref. (In Portuguese)

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This standard describes a test method for qualitative analysis of volatile fractions in glues, inks and varnishes using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. It also includes basic precautions for working with volatile compounds. (75576)

CIS 00-1417 Health risks during furniture stripping using dichloromethane (DCM). Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 4p. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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This information sheet is concerned with the use of dichloromethane (DCM) as a paint stripper for wood. Contents include: DCM paint stripping process; health hazards; legal duties of employers; preventing and controlling exposure; special precautions during brush application and use of a dip tank; protective equipment; air sampling; risks for customers; dealing with spills; welfare facilities. Replaces CIS 93-273. (75596)

CIS 00-1418 Safety in the use of chemicals at work - An ILO Code of Practice. (Thai: Kopëtib@a6t giawg@a6b ganchai sarakomi) ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, P.O. Box 1759, Bangkok 10501, Thailand, 1995. viii, 88p., ISBN 974-7872-07-2 (In Thai)

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Translation into Thai of an ILO Code of Practice published in 1993 (see CIS 93-1998). It provides practical guidance on the implementation of the provisions of the ILO Chemicals Convention No.170 and Recommendation No.177, both of 1990 (see CIS 91-1421). Contents: general obligations, responsibilities and duties; classification systems; labelling and marking; chemical safety data sheets; operational control measures; design and installation; work systems and practices; personal protection; information and training; maintenance of engineering control measures; monitoring in the workplace; medical and health surveillance; emergency procedures and first aid; investigation and reporting of accidents, occupational diseases and other incidents. (75685)

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CIS 00-1419 Old MacDonald had a farm. Smith D., Fire Prevention, July 2000, No.334, p.24-25; 38-41. Illus. (In English)

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For fire intervention in rural areas, remoteness is a problem not only because of the distance, awkward access or difficulty in locating the incident but of the potential in the countryside for unrestricted fire spread. An officer of the Devon Fire and Rescue Service gives advice to reduce the risks. A risk assessment should be conducted for any proposed activity. Emergency plans should be put in place. Location cards providing a full address and best access, as well as points of potential water supplies should be kept by the telephone and hazards in and around the premises should be clearly marked. Statistics of serious agricultural industry fires from January-December 1998 and 3 reports on fires in a garden centre and in farms are included. (75468)

CIS 00-1420 The new European directive on pressure vessels and systems. (German: Die neue europäische Richtlinie über Druckgeräte) Kruse H., Die BG, Mar. 1998, p.145-149. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: comment on directive; compliance tests; European Communities; legislation; pipes and fittings; pressure vessels and systems; pressure vessels; safety by design; safety engineering. (75543)

CIS 00-1421 Impact of a design modification in modern firefighting uniforms on burn prevention outcomes in New York City firefighters. Prezant D.J., Freeman K., Kelly K.J., Malley K.S., Karwa M.L., McLaughlin M.T., Hirschhorn R., Brown A., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.827-834. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

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To determine the influence of firefighting uniforms on the incidence and severity of thermal burn injuries affecting firefighters, data were collected for the entire New York City fire fighting force wearing the traditional uniform (protective over-coat), the modern uniform (protective over-coat and over-pant) and the modified modem uniform (short sleeved shirt and short pants, worn under firefighters protective over-clothes). With the change from traditional to modern uniforms, the distribution of burns per fire decreased significantly, and days lost to medical leave for upper or lower extremity burns decreased by 89%. Burn incidence and severity were not significantly affected by the change to the modified modern uniform. The distribution of heat exhaustion or cardiac events per fire was not significantly affected by the change from the traditional to modern uniform, but heat exhaustion was decreased by the change to the modified modern uniform. (75427)

CIS 00-1422 For whom does safety pay? The case of major accidents. Hopkins A., Safety Science, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.32, No.2-3, p.143-153. 15 ref. (In English)

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Government agencies regularly use the argument that "safety pays" as a way of motivating employees to attend to occupational health and safety. This paper looks at the effectiveness of this argument in the case of catastrophic hazards. It suggests that, while it may be true that safety pays in an abstract sense, this is irrelevant unless it can be shown that safety pays for relevant decision makers. All too often it does not. The article illustrates its claims by drawing on the literature on the Zeebrugge, Bhopal and Piper Alpha disasters, as well as on a study of a mine disaster in Australia. (75394)

CIS 00-1423 Process vessels subject to explosion risk. Pilkington S., British Materials Handling Board, ed., Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby, Warwickshire CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 2000. viii, 76p. Illus. 11 ref., ISBN 0-85295-428-X (In English)

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Many industrial processes carry the risk of explosion if the process is not properly controlled and sources of ignition are present. A common precaution in such equipment is to provide an area of weakness, such as an explosion vent, to prevent the destruction of the plant in the event of an internal explosion. Experimental determination of the resistance of equipment to overpressure is possible, but this is a costly approach, in particular due to the damages caused. Consequently, it was useful to develop a mathematical approach to assess the pressure capability of weak process vessels. This publication includes some 30 equations applicable to shapes and features such as cylinders, plates, duct intersections and joints. (75484)

CIS 00-1424 HAZOP: Guide to best practice. Crawley F., Preston M., Tyler B., Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby, Warwickshire CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 2000. ix, 108p. Illus. 26 ref. Index., ISBN 0-85295-427-1 (In English)

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The HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) Study was conceived and developed by the chemical industry in the 1960s. It consists of a technique for hazard identification in new design processes and operations, and for the planning of appropriate emergency measures. This guide contains a detailed description of the HAZOP study and presents various possible application areas (in both continuous and batch processes), together with several approaches that have been applied with success in the process industry. (75485)

CIS 00-1425 Preventing major industrial accidents in Asia: A guide. International Labour Office (ILO), ILO East Asia Multidisciplinary Advisory Team (ILO/EASMAT), P.O. Box 2-349, Radjamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand, Rev.ed., 2000. vii, 44p. Illus., ISBN 92-2-112200-X (In English)

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This booklet presents a practical plan of action for setting up a national major hazard control system to prevent accidents involving hazardous substances and to limit their consequences if they occur. The framework of the system, as laid down in the ILO Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents Convention, 1993 (No. 174, see CIS 93-1763), is described along with the 20 steps required to set up the system. Annexes include: organization chart of a major hazard control system; summary of legislative provisions; hazardous substances and the risks they give rise to; documented system of major hazard control; equipment safety report; inspection of hazardous installations; accident investigation by competent authorities. Replaces CIS 95-1474. (75475)

CIS 00-1426 Safety integrity - The implications of IEC 61508 and other standards for the process industries. European Process Safety Centre, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby, Warwickshire CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 2000. v, 109p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-85295-412-3 (In English)

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Proceedings of the conference organized by the European Process Safety Centre (EPSC) in Paris, on 5 November 1999. Approaches for ensuring the safety of safety-critical systems in plants, methods and tools used in process industries as well as applicable standards are presented by large enterprises. The purpose of IEC Standard 61508, its implementation in various European countries and its future applicability are also covered. (75486)

CIS 00-1427 Preventing injuries and deaths of fire fighters due to structural collapse. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1999. 11p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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This booklet describes the steps that fire departments need to take in order to minimize the risk of injury and death to fire fighters when fighting fires involving large building structures. It includes current U.S. regulations with respect to respirators, the positioning of properly trained fire fighters outside the immediately dangerous zone, the constant accounting for the interior team by the commander, and the readiness to provide rapid rescue for the interior team. Several cases of fire fighter fatalities caused by structural collapse are described, along with the lessons to be drawn from these occurrences. (75682)

CIS 00-1428 Designing and operating safe chemical reaction processes. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, May 2000. v, 78p. Illus. 70 ref. Price: GBP 12.50., ISBN 0-7176-1051-9 (In English)

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This guidance is aimed at chemical engineers responsible for the development, design and operation of chemical plants and processes. It contains information on the evaluation of hazards linked to chemical reactions and on the safety criteria to be taken into consideration. It stresses the importance of documented work procedures, operator training, maintenance, safety checks (routine checks, safety audits) and emergency procedures. One of the appendices includes applicable legislation in the United Kingdom. (75491)

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CIS 00-1429 Evaluation of occupational exposure to infrasonic noise in Poland. Pawlaczyk-Luszczynńska M., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.159-176. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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The results of infrasonic noise measurements performed in the work environment in Poland are discussed. The study concerned the noise emitted by 124 different types of industrial machinery, appliances and means of transport. The measurements were made in typical working conditions with reference to Polish and international standards. The sound pressure levels exceeded Polish admissible values in 4.0% of cases covered by normal workers' health protection, 62.1% of cases in observational dispatcher cabins and the like and in 74.2% of cases on administration premises, in design offices, etc. The hearing threshold of infrasound was exceeded in 66.9% of all industrial machinery and means of transport under study. (75403)

CIS 00-1430 Tinnitus and impulse noise-induced hearing loss in drop-forge operators. Sułkowski W., Kowalska S., Lipowczan A., Prasher D., Raglan E., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.177-182. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Tinnitus is frequently accompanied by noise-induced hearing loss, particularly in people exposed to impulse noise. A group of 261 drop-forge operators exposed to impulses with peak levels of 135dB and 169 age-matched controls underwent otological and audiometric examination, and complaints for tinnitus in both groups were analysed. Tinnitus, most common in operators with long exposure (> 10 years), was found in 184 operators (70.4%) versus 6 (3.5%) in controls. The findings closely corresponded with the degree of impulse-noise induced hearing loss. Since the maximum audiometric notch was mostly localized at 6kHz and rarely at 4kHz, the approximate pitch of the tinnitus was related to the frequencies where hearing was most affected. It is concluded that impulse-noise induced tinnitus may be sometimes more severe in its effects than is hearing loss, thus creating an additional reason for strict hearing protection programmes. (75404)

CIS 00-1431 Hearing conservation for farmers: Source apportionment of occupational and environmental factors contributing to hearing loss. Beckett W.S., Chamberlain D., Hallman E., May J., Hwang S.A., Gomez M., Eberly S., Cox C., Stark A., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.806-813. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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Persons working on farms continue to have a high prevalence of hearing loss, despite efforts to promote hearing conservation in agriculture. To develop improved hearing conservation programmes, an analysis for hearing loss was performed in a large, multiphasic survey, the New York Farm Family Health and Hazard Survey. Sources of information used included audiometric, otoscopic and tympanometric examinations, detailed general health and farm exposure interviews; and a second interview that focussed on additional potential determinants of hearing loss. Results show that hearing loss measured by audiometry was significantly associated with age, sex, education, hunting with guns, use of a grain dryer and spraying crops. Hearing conservation programmes for farmers should thus be directed toward reduction in noise exposure, both from occupational and non-occupational sources. (75424)

CIS 00-1432 Protection of workers against risks from exposure to noise. (Spanish: Protección de los trabajadores frente a los riesgos derivados de la exposición al ruido) Pérez López G, Mapfre seguridad, 2nd Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.78, p.19-25. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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This survey was aimed at establishing the degree of compliance with the Royal Decree 1316/89 on the protection of workers against risks from exposure to noise (CIS 90-720) in companies based in the region of Murcia, Spain. About 46% of the enterprises had never carried out noise measurements, nor controlled the hearing of their workers. While some companies claim to be in compliance, most of them are not in possession of the corresponding certification documentation. 36.7% of companies undertake periodic examinations of the hearing of exposed workers. No company has systematic and regular documentation of the periodic evaluations of exposure to noise. Most workers have not received any information on risks liked to exposure to noise; 32.11% of the enterprises surveyed encourage their workers to wear noise protection devices, but only a limited number of workers actually use these. (75526)

CIS 00-1433 Effects of vibration on the musculoskeletal system. (German: Skelettbelastung durch Schwingungseinwirkung) Blüthner R., Sicher ist Sicher, May 1998, Vol.49, No.5, p.223-228. Illus. 6 ref. (In German)

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Topics: applied research; electromyography; hazard evaluation; muscular strength; spinal column; spinal diseases; vibration damage risk criteria; vibration disease; whole-body vibration. (75548)

CIS 00-1434 Review of extensive workups of 34 patients overexposed to radiofrequency radiation. Reeves G.I., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 2000, Vol.71, No.3, p.206-215. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

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Medical records of 34 patients at the Aerospace Medicine Directorate, U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory with confirmed exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) exceeding the permitted exposure limits were reviewed to see if RFR overexposure created any detectable clinical or laboratory alterations and to determine which physiological and laboratory parameters required closest attention for future patients with RFR exposure. Clinical findings were compared with laboratory results. A sensation of warmth was positively associated with power density. A negative correlation was observed between an abnormal tissue destruction screen and power density. Sophisticated neurological tests in 23 patients and extensive psychometric and psychological exams in 30 patients revealed no neurological or ophthalmologic findings attributable to RFR. A few patients, however, reported burning pain that resolved over several weeks. (75457)

CIS 00-1435 Laser risk in the research and teaching laboratories of Pavia University. (Italian: Il rischio laser nei laboratori di ricerca e di didattica: l'esperienza dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia) Cazzuli O., Giroletti E., Tomaselli A., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.3-21. Illus. 15 ref. (In Italian)

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Procedures have been developed for the management and monitoring of hazards from laser in the physics, engineering and biochemistry laboratories of Pavia University (Italy). Risk evaluation, risk prevention, education and health supervision by periodic checkups are described as well as the hazard classification of lasers. Annexes: sample form for laser risk evaluation; operating standards, check list and signalling instructions for laser safety. (75625)

CIS 00-1436 Electromagnetic fields - Effects on health. (German: Elektromagnetische Felder - Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit) Stepansky R., Jahn O., Windischbauer G., Zeitlhofer J., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, July 1999, Vol.49, No.7, p.214-226. Illus. 65 ref. (In German)

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Literature survey of existing knowledge, controversies and uncertainties concerning human exposure measurements and health effects of static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields as well as of high-frequency electromagnetic fields. The basic physics, biological effects and threshold limit values for exposure are presented for natural and technical sources. Stress caused by fear and a feeling of potential risks is an important problem which has to be taken into account. Both exposure measurements and long-term observations must be continued, especially for weak fields such as from mobile telephony. Special attention should be paid to the small fraction of the population found to have enhanced sensitivity. According to the actual knowledge that the risks of electric and magnetic fields are low compared to other risk factors. (75678)

CIS 00-1437 Joint document on the protection of workers and of the population in general against exposure to electric and magnetic fields and to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range 0-300GHz. (Italian: Documento congiunto sulla problematica della protezione dei lavoratori e della popolazione dalle esposizioni a campi elettrici e magnetici e a campi elettromagnetici a frequenze comprese tra 0 Hz e 300 GHz) Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro (ISPESL), via Urbana 167, 00184 Roma, Italy, 1997. 32p. (In Italian)

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Summary document published as a supplement to issue No.4/97 of the Fogli d'informazione ISPESL on the possible hazards of exposure to electromagnetic radiation and the fields generated by them, and on ways of preventing them. (75583)

CIS 00-1438 Progress on UKEA's response to the 1998 HSE/SEPA audit of Dounreay. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 2000. 6p. Illus. (In English)

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A detailed audit of safety management at the Dounreay nuclear site was conducted in 1998. The audit report made 143 recommendations. A first annual report on the progress in implementing the recommendations was made in September 1999. This is the second such report, published in September 2000, and monitors the progress made in each of the themes of the audit, which include: safety management systems; safety culture; management and organization; human resources and training; presentation of safety cases; operational strategies for fuels, decommissioning and radioactive waste. (75599)

CIS 00-1439 Industrial radiography - Managing radiation risks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Nov. 2000. 4p. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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Industrial radiography usually involves working with intense radiation sources, and can cause significant radiation exposure in workers. This information sheet is intended for companies owning and operating installations such as engineering structures or pipelines, as well as for companies providing radiographic non-destructive testing services. It focuses on the safety and health hazards arising from industrial radiography and on the precautions necessary to ensure compliance with the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 (IRR99, see CIS 00-617). Contents include: enclosure and site radiography; hazard evaluation; planning the job; use and maintenance of radiography equipment; emergency planning; monitoring of exposure; role of radiation protection advisors. (75591)

CIS 00-1440 Radiation protection supervisors. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Aug. 2000. 2p. 2 ref. (In English)

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The role of the radiation protection supervisor (RPS) is to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 (IRR99, see CIS 00-617). This information sheet is aimed at employers, radiation protection advisers, safety representatives and workers. It gives advice on the level of management responsibility that would make a person suitable for appointment as a RPS. Topics covered include: role of the RPS; required training and competence of the RPS; suggested PRS training modules. (75595)

CIS 00-1441 Guidelines - Safety management in multi-workstation hyperbaric chambers in a clinical environment. (Italian: Linee guida - La gestione in sicurezza delle camere iperbariche multiposto in ambiente clinico) Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro (ISPESL), Via Urbana 167, 00184 Roma, Italy, 1998. 107p. (In Italian)

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These guidelines, based in part on the requirements of Italian Legislative Decree 626/94 (see CIS 96-1531), provide basic instruction on the safe operation of hyperbaric chambers used for medical treatment in hospitals and clinics. Contents: risk evaluation; safety measures; locales where hyperbaric chambers are installed; construction of hyperbaric chambers used for therapeutic purposes; requirements of materials and systems (electricity, compressed gases, firefighting) used inside such chambers (the greatest hazard is fire - even with the requirements given, the oxygen content of the air inside the chambers should not exceed 23.5%); registers; storeroom management; maintenance; handling and clinical monitoring of patients; required personnel during hyperbaric therapy; emergency and normal use procedures. In annex: comparative survey of safety procedures in connection with hyperbaric chambers in the following European countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. (75483)

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CIS 00-1442 Study of systems for the installation of lifts for persons and loads in relation to the risks associated with lift installation. Identification of preventive and protective measures to be taken. (Italian: Studio dei sistemi di montaggio di impianti ascensori e montacarichi in relazione ai rischi connessi all'installazione dell'impianto. Individuazione delle misure di prevenzione e protezione da attuare) Cortis L., Gori E., Opromalla E., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.12, No.2, p.71-124. Illus. 14 ref. (In Italian)

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The installation of lifts, both hydraulic and electric, is an activity presenting major risks for the workers. This article provides a comprehensive description of the safety management system suitable for this activity, including considerations of safety responsibility, information and training. The risks of all activities involved are evaluated and preventive measures are provided. Check lists for safety management system are included. (75624)

CIS 00-1443 Development, certification and use of switching mats and panels. (German: Untersuchung, Prüfung und Einsatz von Schaltmatten und Schaltplatten) Kleinbreuer W., Kühlem W., Schüler J., Die BG, May 1998, No.5, p.286-293. Illus. 8 ref. (In German)

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Topics: approval; automatic guards; fail safety; Germany; proximity detector guards; safety analysis; safety by design; safety devices; system compatibility; trip guards. (75547)

CIS 00-1444 Design of safety devices on cutting machine tools. (German: Gestaltung von Schutzeinrichtungen an spanenden Werkzeugmaschinen) Mewes D., Trapp R.P., Warlich H.J., Maschinenmarkt, June 1998, Vol. 104, No.24, p.42-46. Illus. 8 ref. (In German)

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Topics: impact strength; machine tools; machining; polycarbonates; protection against ejected objects; safety by design; safety devices; screens; strength of materials. (75549)

CIS 00-1445 Standards harmonized with the Machinery Directive - Modes of access to the UNI information system. (Italian: Le norme armonizzate alla Direttiva Macchine - Le modalità di accesso al sistema informativo UNI) Ravaglia R., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1999, Vol.12, No.3, p.108-143. Bibl.ref. (In Italian)

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Annex 1 of the EU Machinery Directive (see CIS 99-29) lists the essential points for safety and health. Corresponding technical standards applicable in Italy are, either the European (CEN, CENELEC) or the national (UNI, CEI) standards or standards of other European countries (DIN, AFNOR, BS). This review provides an introduction to the types of standard (generic, families of machines, individual aspects), the technical working groups, the standardization process and the relation between national and European standards. Tables of committees preparing standards, of published standards and of draft standards are presented. (75629)

CIS 00-1446 Safety aspects in pressure testing of sewage pipes and sewers. (German: Sicherheitsaspekte bei Druckprüfungen an Abwasserleitungen und -kanälen) Götz M., Tiefbau, Aug. 1999, Vol.111, No.8, p.484, 487-490. Illus. (In German)

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Prior to first use and during normal exploitation, sewers and sewage pipes must be checked for leaks. Compressed-air testing is more economical and environmentally-friendly, but risks arise when plugs tear away from pipe ends, since air is far more compressible than the water used in hydraulic tests. Wooden structures securing the plug for safe testing are described as well as chemical and biological hazards encountered when entering sewers for inspection (methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, bacteria, viruses). (75677)

CIS 00-1447 Pumping concrete - but safely. (German: Beton pumpen - aber sicher) Pätzold U., Die Industrie der Steine und Erden, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.109, No.4, p.18-22. Illus. (In German)

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The accidents related to the pumping of concrete are more than twice as frequent than the average in the quarries sector, according to insurance statistics. Most accidents occur in connection with the operation of machines (driving, controlling, cleaning, maintenance). Many accidents are related to insufficient safety or workplace preparation at the construction site. An instruction brochure has been published by German insurers which lists the major safety requirements for concrete pumping: access, placement, electrical overhead transmission lines, the whiplash of the end of the hose. Responsibilities are outlined. The brochure can be used as a checklist to clarify problems at an early stage. (75676)

CIS 00-1448 Estimated slip potential on icy surfaces during various methods of exiting commercial tractors, trailers, and trucks. Fathallah F.A., Grönqvist R., Cotnam J.P., Safety Science, Nov. 2000, Vol.36, No.2, p.69-81. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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Many commercial vehicles are equipped with steps and grab-rails to help drivers safely enter and exit the vehicle. Nevertheless, many drivers do not use these aids. The purpose of this study was to assess the slip potential of various exit methods from five common types of commercial vehicles under icy conditions. The study assessed the required coefficient of friction of 10 male subjects as they exited cab-over-engine and conventional tractors, a step-van, the back of a box trailer, and the back of a cube-van. The results showed that the estimated probability of a fall was high (over 0.9 for wet ice conditions) when the exit aids were not utilized. Full use of the steps and grab-rails resulted in a substantial decrease in the estimated probability of a fall. An approach to safety that emphasizes optimal design of entry/exit aids, and driver training and education, can minimize exit-related slips and falls and their corresponding potential injuries. (75421)

CIS 00-1449 Work-related deaths associated with hydraulic equipment in Australia, 1989 to 1992. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, GPO Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia, June 1999. viii, 73p., ISBN 0-642-39962-X (In English)

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This report analyses the causes of fatal occupational accidents involving hydraulic equipment in Australia from 1989 to 1992. Short descriptions of each of the 46 occurrences are provided. Equipment includes mobile equipment, such as tip-trucks, loaders and harvesters, and fixed equipment such as car jacks, ramps and wool presses. Fatalities are expressed by industry, occupation, accident mechanism, cause of death and accident location. Problems related to machinery design and work practices are identified. Finally, recommendations are made to employers, OHS authorities and machinery manufacturers. (75689)

CIS 00-1450 Collapse of a three-storey building. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 1999. vi, 30p. Illus. Price: GBP 10.50., ISBN 0-7176-1583-9 (In English)

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This is the accident investigation report of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) of the United Kingdom following the collapse of a building during refurbishment work in 1995, resulting in the death of 4 workers. The report lays the responsibility of the accident on the original builders of the structure in 1970. The HSE recommends that when planning work of renovating, refurbishing, extending or demolishing buildings, particularly those constructed before 1970, one should take into account the possibility of damage or failure of key structural elements, which could lead to catastrophic collapse. (75686)

CIS 00-1451 Technical manual on boilers and pressure vessels. (Portuguese: Manual técnico de caldeiras e vasos de pressão) Cordeiro Dutra A., Chaves A.A., Leone Martins F., da Silva Filho J.A., Moschini de Souza L.A., Salles M., Freitas N.B.B., Horta R.O., de Oliveira Magrini R., do Rêgo Monteiro W.C., Fundacentro, Rua Capote Valente 710, São Paulo, SP 05409-002, Brazil, 1997. 104p. Illus. (In Portuguese)

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Comment on the Brazilian NR 13 standard on boilers and pressure vessels prepared by a tripartite technical group containing information on preventive measures at the workplace and on the safe operations with this equipment. Main topics covered: general measures for boilers and pressure vessels; installation; safe functioning; safe operation during maintenance and repair; safety inspection. Appendices: minimum training curriculum for safe operation of boilers and pressure vessels; requirements for the certification of the company's equipment inspection service; risk classification of boilers and pressure vessels. (75573)

CIS 00-1452 Technical rules for the Pressure Vessel Ordinance: Pressure vessels, pressure piping. (German: Technische Regeln zur Druckbehälterverordnung: Druckbehälter (TRB), Druckleitungen (TRR)) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, 50939 Köln, Germany, Jan. 1999. 318p. Illus. (In German)

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This publication is a collection of all individual Technical Rules for the (German) Pressure Vessel Ordinance, issued up to December 1998, including amendments. Also contained are drafts, changes and additions for such rules transmitted to the German Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare to comply with the Information Directive 98/34/EC. The German Law on technical working equipment and the Pressure Vessel Ordinance are also reproduced. (75672)

CIS 00-1453 Safe use of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) in agriculture and forestry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 4p. Illus. (In English)

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In the United Kingdom, occupational accidents in agriculture and forestry involving all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have resulted in 17 deaths during the 1990s, and up to 1,000 serious injuries per year. This information sheet provides guidance on the safe use of ATVs. Contents include: main causes of accidents; training of drivers; protective clothing; maintenance; safe driving methods; route planning; using sprayers; special precautions in the presence of children; driving on roads; rollover protection and seat belts; parking. (75594)

CIS 00-1454 Safe use of big round balers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, July 2000. 2p. Illus. (In English)

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Between 1986 and 1995, there were 12 fatalities and 53 serious injuries in accidents involving round balers in the United Kingdom. This information sheet describes the hazards associated with the use of round balers and provides guidance on safe work practices. Replaces CIS 93-324. (75597)

CIS 00-1455 Power-fed mobile wood chippers - Operator protection at infeed chutes. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, Sep. 2000. 4p. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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On the basis of recent accident investigations, it is recommended that power-fed mobile wood chippers be modified, if necessary. Recommendations involve: dimensions of infeed chutes; position of protective devices; restarting the machine after interruptions; feeding the wood chipper safely. (75598)

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CIS 00-1456 Direct emission of the allergen primin from intact Primula obconica plants. Christensen L.P., Larsen E., Contact Dermatitis, Mar. 2000, Vol.42, No.3, p.149-153. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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The allergen primin and its precursor miconidin were collected by dynamic headspace technique from the glasshouse plant Primula obconica Hance and quantified and identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The primin concentrations in leaves/stems and flowers of P. obconica were 262µg and 531µg per g fresh plant material, respectively, whereas miconidin concentrations were 92µg per g fresh plant material in leaves and stems and 194µg per g fresh plant material in flowers. The amounts of primin released from unchopped leaves/stems and flowers were 65.3ng and 18.8ng per g fresh plant material per hour, respectively. Dynamic headspace analysis of intact P. obconica plants showed that primin is also directly emitted from undamaged plants, although in smaller concentrations, whereas miconidin was only emitted in minute amounts. The possibility that primin from P. obconica could be a potential airborne allergen and therefore a source of airborne contact dermatitis is discussed. (75454)

CIS 00-1457 The risk of infection. (French: Le risque infectieux) Santé et Travail, Apr. 1998, No.23, p.23-57. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

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Topics: agriculture; biological hazards; containment; disposal of harmful waste; food industry; France; garbage collectors and related labourers; hospitals; infection control; infectious diseases; infectious hepatitis; injection injuries; job-exposure relation; legal aspects; microorganisms; safety rules; vaccination. (75510)

CIS 00-1458 Rare but dangerous diseases: Leptospirosis. (German: Seltene aber gefährliche Krankheiten: Leptospirosen) Steidl I., Sicherheitsbeauftragter, June 1998, Vol.33, No.6, p.16-17. (In German)

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Topics: forestry; infectious diseases; leptospirosis; occurrence; sewage treatment; slaughtering; spirochaetal diseases; survey; symptoms. (75550)

CIS 00-1459 Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus in drinking water workers and wastewater workers in Texas from 1996 to 1997. Weldon M., VanEgdom M.J., Hendricks K.A., Regner G., Bell B.P., Sehulster L.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 2000, Vol.42, No.8, p.821-826. 18 ref. (In English)

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To determine if wastewater workers had a higher prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) than drinking-water workers, 359 wastewater and 89 drinking-water workers were evaluated for risk factors by questionnaire and tested for anti-HAV. Anti-HAV positivity was 28.4% for wastewater and 23.6% for drinking-water workers. After adjustment for age, educational attainment and Hispanic ethnicity, the odds ratio for the association between anti-HAV positivity and wastewater industry employment was 2.0. Among wastewater workers, never eating in a lunchroom, ≥8 years in the waste water industry, never wearing face protection, and skin contact with sewage at least once per day were all significantly associated with anti-HAV positivity. Wastewater workers had a higher prevalence of anti-HAV than drinking-water workers, which suggested that wastewater workers may have been at increased risk of occupationally acquired hepatitis A. (75426)

CIS 00-1460 ELISA determination of anti-Aspergillus fumigatus antibodies as a biological indicator of exposure to moulds among grain-elevator employees. (French: Dosage ELISA des immunoglobulines spécifiques d'Aspergillus fumigatus comme biomarqueur d'exposition aux moisissures chez les employés d'un silo à grains) Chemardin J., Simon L., Teculescu D., Hartemann P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Aug. 1998, Vol.59, No.5, p.315-321. Illus. 21 ref. (In French)

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Because of their heavy exposure to grain dust by inhalation, the serological concentration of the specific immunoglobuline G (Ig-G) against Aspergillus fumigatus of 13 grain-elevator employees was measured with an ELISA method. The validity of this method (reproducibility and repeatability) was first assessed (maxi sd/m = 6.3%) and the threshold for positivity was determined on a population of 122 blood donors. None of the tested factors (sex, smoking habits, place of residence, allergy, contact with an animal) showed any significant influence (α = 0.05) upon the specific Ig-G concentration in the 122 blood donors. The difference of the prevalences of positivity (6.6% for the blood donors and 15.4% for the grain-elevator employees) was not found significant (α = 0.05) because of the small number of employees. Nevertheless, the positive correlation (r = 0.71) found between specific Ig-G concentration and duration of exposure was in agreement with the use of this parameter as a biological indicator of exposure. (75518)

CIS 00-1461 Microbial contamination of water-miscible coolant emulsions. (German: Keimbelastung wassergemischter Kühlschmierstoffe) Warfolomeow I., Die BG, May 1998, No.5, p.274-278, 280-281. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: biological hazards; contamination monitoring; contamination; coolants; cutting fluids; fungi; Germany; metalworking industry; pathogenic bacteria. (75546)

CIS 00-1462 Sterile needleprick prevention devices: Assessment after the recording of accidents in two hospitals. (French: Dispositifs médicaux stériles de protection des piqûres: évaluation après recensement des accidents dans deux hôpitaux) Vaudelle-Malbos C., Gury C., Proust G., Brossard D., Vu-Thi P., Buonaccorsi A., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Nov. 1996, Vol.57, No.7, p.508-518. Illus. 37 ref. (In French)

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Topics: causes of accidents; description of equipment; evaluation of equipment; France; health care personnel; hospitals; injection injuries; literature survey; questionnaire survey; safety devices. (75505)

CIS 00-1463 30^th R³-Nordic Contamination Control Symposium. Wirtanen G., Salo S., Mikkola A., eds., VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland, 1999. 503p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-38-5268-7 (In English)

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Proceedings of the annual symposium of R³-Nordic, the association for microbial contamination control held in Helsinki, Finland, 30 May-2 June 1999. Contents: contamination control in food processing; contamination control in pharmaceutical processes; clean room technology and contamination control in microelectronics. (75640)

CIS 00-1464 Model operating instructions for activities with biological materials. (German: Musterbetriebsanweisung für Tätigkeiten mit biologischen Arbeitsstoffen) Simon R., Tichy H.V., Gerbl-Rieger S., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1999. xi, 119p. 33 ref. + CD-ROM., ISBN 3-89701-332-0 (In German)

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Operating instructions for the handling of biological material, based on the German ordinance on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work (a transposition of Council Directive 90/679/EEC, see CIS 91-29) are presented. A collection of text modules enables the generation of specific operating instructions by selecting the appropriate elements. As an example, the operating instructions for a laboratory of containment level 2 is given. (75671)

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CIS 00-1465 Managers' estimates of safe loads for manual handling: Evidence for risk compensation?. Bridger R.S., Freidberg S.S., Safety Science, July-Aug. 1999, Vol.32, No.2-3, p.103-111. 15 ref. (In English)

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Fifty management level employees in light and medium industries in the Western Cape (South Africa) completed structured interviews on the subject of manual handling. All of the firms had low levels of mechanization and regarded manual handling as important to their core business. Participants estimated safe loads for frequent and infrequent lifting. The mean loads were found to be of similar magnitude to those recommended by NIOSH in the USA. There was a slight tendency to overestimate the maximum allowable load for infrequent lifting and underestimate the amount that could be handled repetitively. Lifting technique and wearing an abdominal belt while lifting caused participants to make large adjustments to their initial estimates. The findings suggest that if managers perceive the lifting conditions to be safe they will allow heavier loads to be lifted than if the conditions are perceived to be unsafe. (75392)

CIS 00-1466 Carpal tunnel syndrome and work organization in repetitive work: A cross sectional study in France. Leclerc A., Franchi P., Cristofari M.F., Delemotte B., Mereau P., Teyssier-Cotte C., Touranchet A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1998, Vol.55, No.3, p.180-187. 41 ref. (In English)

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The determinants of signs of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in repetitive industrial work were studied, with special attention to occupational constraints at group level and management practices of the companies. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three sectors: assembly line; clothing and shoe industry; food industry. A total of 1,210 workers in repetitive work, from 53 different companies, was compared with a control group of 337 workers. Constraints at the workplace were partly self declared, and partly assessed by the occupational physicians in charge of the employees of the company. The definition of CTS was based on a standardized clinical examination. CTS was associated with repetitive work, especially packaging. It was more frequent among subjects who declared psychological and psychosomatic problems and those with a body mass index ≥27. Dissatisfaction with work, lack of job control, short cycle time, and having to press repeatedly with the hand were associated with the syndrome. An odds ratio of 2.24 (95% CI: 1.40-2.43) was found for "just in time" production. (75416)

CIS 00-1467 Assessment, re-design and evaluation of changes to the driver's cab in a suburban electric train. Stevenson M.G., Coleman N., Long A.F., Williamson A.M., Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 2000, Vol.31, No.5, p.499-506. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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A new type of electric train began replacing older trains on the Sydney city and suburban network in 1990. Shortly afterwards, some of the train drivers began reporting pain in the arms while driving the new train. The Ergonomics Unit of Worksafe Australia was engaged to identify and assess ergonomic problems in the driver's cab by means of direct observation of drivers at work, distribution of a questionnaire to all drivers, and analysis of anthropometric problems using a computer-aided design package. The results were used in developing an improved design. A mock-up of the modified cab was made and tried out by 134 drivers whose comments led to further changes. By 1996, 96% of the driver's cabs conformed to the new design. An evaluation of the new design was undertaken using written questionnaires, which were completed by 227 drivers. The results were strongly in favour of the new design, showing the effectiveness of the ergonomic modifications. (75462)

CIS 00-1468 Ergonomic exposure assessment: An application of the PATH systematic observation method to retail workers. Pan C.S., Gardner L.I., Landsittel D.P., Hendricks S.A., Chiou S.S., Punnett L., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.5, No.2, p.79-87. 29 ref. (In English)

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Biomechanical stressor variables in relation to job title, sex and back-belt status in 134 retail store workers were examined. A modification of the PATH (Postures, Activities, Tools, and Handling) systematic measurement method was employed. Analysis indicated that the frequencies of bent or twisted postures followed the pattern of unloaders > stockers > department managers. For weight handled per lift, lower, or carry, the pattern was unloaders > department managers > stockers. The mean lifting frequencies per hour were 35.9 for department managers, 48.8 for stockers and 137.4 for unloaders. Back-belt-wearing percentages were higher for unloaders (63%) compared with stockers (48%) and department managers (25%). Back-belt-wearing workers had higher levels of stressor variables, including arm position, twisting, weight handled and number of lifts per hour. The method is applicable in studies that require crude distinctions among stressor variables but which may be sufficient when implementing intervention studies and control strategies for many material-handling-intensive jobs. (75408)

CIS 00-1469 Evaluating the effects of wearing gloves and wrist support on hand-arm response while operating an in-line pneumatic screwdriver. Chang C.H., Wang M.J.J., Lin S.C., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1999, Vol.24, No.5, p.473-481. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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The effects of wearing a glove and wrist support on hand-arm response while operating an in-line pneumatic screwdriver were evaluated. Responses investigated were triggering finger force, flexor digitorum EMG and hand-transmitted vibration. Four glove levels (barehanded, cotton, nylon and open-finger), and two wrist support levels (wearing, and not wearing) were evaluated. Thirteen healthy male subjects drove screws into a horizontally mounted iron plate with pre-tapped screw holes using an in-line pneumatic screwdriver. Results indicate that wearing a nylon glove and not using a wrist support is the best combination. Wearing a nylon glove reduced 18.2% of the triggering force as compared with the barehanded condition. In addition, wearing a nylon glove had comparatively low forearm muscular exertion, and reduced 16% and 15% of hand-transmitted vibration in the z-axis and the sum of 3-axes as compared with the barehanded condition. The use of a wrist support required a greater triggering force and a 9.9% greater hand-transmitted vibration in the y-axis than when not using a wrist support. (75431)

CIS 00-1470 The effects of arm supports during light assembly and computer work tasks. Fernandez J.E., Agarwal R., Landwehr H.R., Poonawala M., Garcia D.T., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1999, Vol.24, No.5, p.493-502. 14 ref. (In English)

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Three different investigations were conducted on the implementation of an arm support system and its effect on the level of pain and/or discomfort experienced by subjects while completing either a light assembly or a computer typing task. The types of arm support systems included no arm supports, Ergorest articulating arm supports, chair arm supports at maximum breadth, midpoint breadth, minimum breadth and counter-balanced arm slings. Results indicated that arm supports significantly impacted comfort, effort required, RPE, EMG activity and heart rate. It was concluded that in light assembly and computer work tasks, an arm support system would be recommended to minimize effort and RPE, and to maximize comfort. Computer use and light assembly work are an integral part of various workplaces which often require employees to work in constrained unsupported postures, at repetitive tasks and in precision work with hands, arms and fingers. The paper proposes a solution that could aid individuals in these environments. (75432)

CIS 00-1471 Distribution of human-seat interface pressure on a soft automotive seat under vertical vibration. Wu X., Rakheja S., Boileau P.E., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1999, Vol.24, No.5, p.545-557. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Distribution of contact pressure and forces between sitting human subjects and a visco-elastic seat was experimentally investigated under conditions of vertical vibration. The human-seat interface pressure data acquired with a total of six subjects is analysed to illustrate the influence of magnitude and frequency of vibration excitations on the maximum ischium pressure, effective contact area and contact force distribution. The results are discussed to illustrate the influence of seated posture and the subject build on the contact force and area. Alternatively, the contour maps of static pressure distribution, and time histories of the ischium pressure and the effective contact area measured under vibration are compared with those determined while using a rigid seat. The results show that the maximum variations in the ischium pressure and the effective contact area on a soft seat occur near the resonant frequency of the coupled human-seat system (2.5-3.0Hz). The maximum ischium pressure and effective contact area on a softseat tend to increase considerably with increase in the magnitude of vibration excitation. (75435)

CIS 00-1472 Subjective assessment of fork-lift truck seats under laboratory conditions. Donati P., Patel J.A., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1999, Vol.30, No.4, p.295-309. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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A subjective assessment of fork-lift truck seats was carried out to assess the range of preferred seat dimensions and the acceptability of different seat adjustments to fork-lift truck drivers. The results showed that although the drivers had previous experience in the use of suspension seats, they did not understand the purpose of the weight adjustment. All adjustments should be easy to find, accessible, easy to move and they should enable a range of adjustments. In addition, clear and simple information on the seat is needed, especially for weight adjustment. The most recently designed seats generally had dimensions within the preferred ranges compared with the older generation seats, mainly because they had more adjustments. However, the results show that adjustments on fork-lift truck seats could be improved further. Some tentative conclusions are made for the preferred fork-lift truck seat dimensions and adjustment ranges which are based on the evidence from this restricted sample of fork-lift truck drivers. They may be useful for seat and truck designers in the preparation of a standard on fork-lift truck seat dimensions. (75436)

CIS 00-1473 Manual handling risks and controls in a soft drinks distribution centre. Wright E.J., Haslam R.A., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1999, Vol.30, No.4, p.311-318. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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An investigation into manual handling risks and controls within a soft drinks distribution centre, presented as a case study regarding compliance with the requirements of the British Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (see CIS 93-36), is described. Methods used included semi-structured interviews, document analysis, analysis of training, OWAS postural analysis and use of the NIOSH equation. Warehouse operators and delivery drivers were studied, as were two work methods involving pallets and cages. Significant differences were found between the two work methods with respect to harmful postures. Manual handling risks were found in both warehouse and delivery areas, some being classed as "excessive" using the NIOSH equation. As this company has a good safety record and considers itself proactive in the area of health and safety, the investigation raises concerns about how organizations have responded to the Regulations. (75437)

CIS 00-1474 Prompting correct lifting posture using signs. Burt C.D.B., Henningsen N., Consedine N., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1999, Vol.30, No.4, p.353-359. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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The use of a symbol to prompt the adoption of correct lifting posture was examined in three studies. Study 1 used an Appropriateness Test to evaluate nine symbols designed to encourage the adoption of correct lifting posture. Four symbols met the appropriateness criteria and were tested for comprehension in Study 2. Study 3 examined the effect of the best performing symbol from Study 2 in a field setting which involved subjects lifting a small box. Results indicate significant increases in the adoption of the use of correct lifting posture when the symbol was present compared to a control condition. The study also identified the placement of a lifting criterion symbol onto packaging as a useful technique for communicating safety information. (75440)

CIS 00-1475 A comparison of different postures for scaffold end-frame disassembly. Cutlip R., Hsiao H., Garcia R., Becker E., Mayeux B., Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 2000, Vol.31, No.5, p.507-513. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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Overexertion and fall injuries comprise the largest category of nonfatal injuries among scaffold workers. This study was conducted to identify the most favourable scaffold disassembly techniques and evaluate the associated slip potential by measuring isometric strength capability and required coefficient of friction (RCOF) to reduce the incidence of injury. Forty-six male construction workers were used to study seven typical postures associated with scaffold disassembly. The isometric forces resulting form the seven postures were significantly different. Three of the disassembly postures resulted in considerable biomechanical stress to workers. The symmetric front-lift method with hand locations at knuckle height would be the most favourable posture; at least 93% of the subjects could handle the end frame with minimum overexertion risk. The static RCOF value resulting from this posture during the disassembly phase was less than 0.2, thus the likelihood of a slip should be low. (75463)

CIS 00-1476 Musculoskeletal injuries from complex postures. Mason S., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. vi, 61p. 39 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1795-5 (In English)

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The aim of this study was to identify factors which increase actual risks of injury in tasks which involve complex postures (non-symmetrical aspects of the handling such as twisting and turning or side bending, restricted headroom or work space, kneeling, one-handed lifting). 134 cases from personal injury claims which involving a musculoskeletal injury alleged to be the result of manual handling were analysed. Non-symmetrical handling involving twisting and turning, and to a lesser extent side bending, represent a significant proportion of the claims. Other risk factors are previous injury, size and shape of the load, time in the job and restricted workspace. The potential importance of psychosocial factors is discussed. (75477)

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CIS 00-1477 Do maritime crew members have sleep disturbances?. Howarth H.D., Pratt J.H., Tepas D.I., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Apr.-June 1999, Vol.5, No.2, p.95-100. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Data obtained from surveys of two samples of maritime crew members were studied for differences in self-reported sleep lengths and sleep problems. The data addressed both on- and off-duty variables. Statistical analysis of the data found that on-duty sleep length was shorter than off-duty sleep length for both groups. The two groups' responses to various sleep-problem items were significantly different. Most responses were below the scale mid-point. The differences between on- and off-duty sleep-problem items were not significant. Following a factor analysis, selected sleep-problem items were combined to form a composite Sleep Disturbance Scale. Using this composite measure, the correlation between the composite and sleep length was not significant. Overall, the results indicate that caution should be exercised before labeling shift workers as having "disturbed sleep" or suffering from "sleep disorders." The results do confirm the previous findings that shiftwork reduces sleep length on workdays. (75409)

CIS 00-1478 Psychosocial factors at work and back pain: A prospective study in office workers. Verbeek J.H.A.M., van der Beek A.J., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Jan.-Mar. 1999, Vol.12, No.1, p.29-39. 33 ref. (In English)

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A prospective study was carried out among municipal social service employees to investigate whether psychosocial factors at work are correlated with back pain prevalence at follow-up. Participants were questioned on personal characteristics, psychosocial factors at work, physical workload, back pain experience, and general health and well-being. Back pain was assessed as twelve month prevalence and pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS). In a univariate analysis, high job demands, confinement to the workplace, depression, psychological complaints, and general health complaints, were positively related to back pain prevalence at follow-up. In a multivariate analysis, however, none of the odds ratios for psychosocial stressors differed significantly from one another. VAS pain intensity was the best predictor of back pain at follow-up. Initial back pain with low intensity and high intensity significantly predicted the prevalence of back pain at follow-up with significantly raised odds ratios of 3.0 and 10.3, respectively. In conclusion, the study does not provide clear evidence that psychosocial factors at work are correlated with back pain. (75406)

CIS 00-1479 Coping with daily stress: Firefighters in emergency situations. (French: Le stress au quotidien: les sapeurs-pompiers en intervention) Ponnelle S., Vaxevanoglou X., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, May 1998, Vol.59, No.3, p.190-199. 22 ref. (In French)

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Topics: emotivity; fire fighting; fire services; France; mental stress; neuropsychic stress; questionnaire survey; stress factors. (75502)

CIS 00-1480 Towards a model of safety culture. Cooper M.D., Safety Science, Nov. 2000, Vol.36, No.2, p.111-136. Illus. 136 ref. (In English)

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Organizational culture is often used to describe shared corporate values that affect and influence members' attitudes and behaviours. Safety culture is a sub-facet of organizational culture, which is thought to affect members' attitudes and behaviour in relation to an organizations ongoing health and safety performance. However, the numerous definitions of "organizational culture" and "safety culture" in both management and safety literature suggests that the concept of business-specific cultures is not clear-cut. Furthermore, there is currently no universally accepted model with which to formulate testable hypotheses that take into account antecedents, behaviours and consequences. A reciprocal model of safety culture drawn from Social Cognitive Theory is proposed, providing both a theoretical and practical framework with which to measure and analyse safety culture. (75423)

CIS 00-1481 Conditions for maintaining ageing operators at work - A case study conducted at an automobile manufacturing plant. Gaudart C., Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 2000, Vol.31, No.5, p.453-462. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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The relationship between mental workload and ageing in an automobile manufacturing company was investigated. Demographic trends and work organization determine the conditions under which older workers can work in repetitive tasks under tight time constraints. The methodology is based on comparing workers of different ages at their regular workstations and during the training process for conducting new tasks. The older workers appear to develop health-preserving approaches to work while achieving production goals. The possibility of setting up such strategies depends on the task characteristics. More generally, this study allows a better understanding of why some older workers are excluded from certain tasks, and thus why "polyvalency" or job rotation decreases with age. (75461)

CIS 00-1482 The effects of interruptions in work activity: Field and laboratory results. Eyrolle H., Cellier J.M., Applied Ergonomics, Oct. 2000, Vol.31, No.5, p.537-543. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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The effects of interruptions in work activity were investigated, first in a field study where the operators' task was to card-index data about customers' phone lines. The interruptions due to customers' calls resulted in an increase of the processing time of the current task and in the use of several management strategies. A laboratory study was then designed in order to study the effects of temporal strain, task complexity and similarity on time-sharing efficiency and to clarify the psychological mechanisms underlying the switching from one task to the other. The results showed, in particular, a significant effect of temporal strains on performance and a strong increase in mean error rate at the very beginning of the processing of the second task. Advice is given for both technical and organizational design. (75464)

CIS 00-1483 Shiftwork and health. Best European Studies on Time, 2000, No.1, p.1-42 (whole issue). Illus. (In English)

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Shiftwork and other forms of working at unusual hours, and especially working at night have always raised health concerns. The collection of articles contained in this issue provides help and guidance in this complex area. Topics covered: long-term health effects; sleep duration, sleep disturbances and fatigue; digestive problems (peptic ulcer, indigestion, eating habits); cardiovascular problems; problems to women (disturbances of the menstrual cycle); repercussions on social and domestic life; psychological problems; medical surveillance and health education. A comparative overview in a graphic form of weekly working hours in the 15 EU Member States is also presented. (75470)

CIS 00-1484 The impact of sense of coherence and high-demand/low-control job environment on self-reported health, burnout and psychophysiological stress indicators. Söderfeldt M., Söderfeldt B, Ohlson C.G., Theorell T., Jones I., Work and Stress, Jan.-Mar. 2000, Vol.14, No.1, p.1-15. 40 ref. (In English)

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The Job Demand-Control (JDC) model of job stress suggests that the combination of high job demands and low job control, defined as job strain, is strongly associated with adverse health consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Sense of Coherence (SOC) and the JDC model in assessment of negative job effects within three pathogenically defined contexts: self-reported health, burnout and psychophysiological stress indicators, assessing the explanatory value of SOC for such variables. The study was conducted with 103 employees of social-welfare and social-insurance agencies in Sweden. A questionnaire related to job conditions, health and burnout was administered, and blood samples were collected and analysed for serum concentrations of cortisol, prolactin and immunoglobulin G. It is concluded that studies of job strain-effects according to the JDC model should include the SOC as an interaction factor. (75451)

CIS 00-1485 Review and reappraisal of modelling and predicting mental workload in single- and multi-task environments. Xie B., Salvendy G., Work and Stress, Jan.-Mar. 2000, Vol.14, No.1, p.74-99. Illus. 69 ref. (In English)

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In the mental-workload literature, few predictive models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research proposes a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mental-workload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the task-generated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks. (75453)

CIS 00-1486 Downsizing, role demands, and job stress. Reissman D.B., Orris P., Lacey R., Hartman D.E., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1999, Vol.41, No.4, p.289-293. 24 ref. (In English)

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This is a cross-sectional study consisting of self-administered survey instruments to measure psychological distress and stress-inducing work demands after 6 months of rumours about an upcoming corporate downsizing event. The workforce consisted predominantly of white males who were married, college-educated, and nonsmokers. Higher stress levels were seen among older, more educated workers, who had longer company tenure. Role boundary problems, noxious physical environments, and company tenure were retained in the final multivariable model predicting distress level. The ongoing time delay for management to implement the threatened layoff and peer rankings for a new job performance appraisal contributed to a decline in worker solidarity because of concerns about career and job security. These uncertainties reduced worker productivity and effective teamwork. (75399)

CIS 00-1487 Predictors of behavior and performance in extreme environments: The Antarctic Space Analogue Program. Palinkas L.A., Gunderson E.K.E., Holland A.W., Miller C., Johnson J.C., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, June 2000, Vol.71, No.6, p.619-625. 26 ref. (In English)

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To determine the criteria for screening personnel for long-duration space flight, the influence of social and demographic characteristics, personality traits, interpersonal needs, and characteristics of station physical environments on performance measures were examined in 657 men who spent an austral winter in Antarctica between 1963 and 1974. Subjects completed a questionnaire on social and demographic characteristics which assessed 5 different personality traits, and a scale which measured 6 dimensions of interpersonal needs. Station environment included measures of crew size and severity of physical environment. Performance was assessed on the basis of peer-supervisor evaluations of overall performance, peer nominations of fellow crew-members who made ideal winter-over candidates, and self-reported depressive symptoms. Military service, low levels of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness, and a low desire for affection from others were significant predictors of several performance measures. (75430)

CIS 00-1488 The impact of age on computer input device use: Psychophysical and physiological measures. Chaparro A., Bohan M., Fernandez J., Choi S.D., Kattel B., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Sep. 1999, Vol.24, No.5, p.503-513. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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This study examined the effects of aging on performance and preferences for two computer pointing devices (mouse and trackball). The results show that older adults (mean age = 70) moved more slowly than younger adults (mean age = 32), particularly for distant targets, yet their movements were less variable. EMG (RMS) recordings from the forearm flexor and extensor muscles showed no age-related differences between the results of mouse and trackball use. However, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) indicated that older adults perceived greater levels of exertion than younger adults when using the mouse during click-and-drag tasks. Given the reduced grip and pinch force of older adults, manipulation of the mouse and trackball required a greater percentage of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) compared to younger adults. In addition, the mouse requires a larger range of motion than the trackball. These findings in conjunction with the RPE results imply that the trackball may confer greater benefit for the older computer user. (75433)

CIS 00-1489 Stress and strain of blue and white collar workers during work and leisure time: Results of psychophysiological and behavioural monitoring. Myrtek M., Fichtler A., Strittmatter M., Brügner G., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1999, Vol.30, No.4, p.341-351. Illus. 43 ref. (In English)

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This study investigated behaviour and the level of subjective stress and objective strain during work and leisure time among blue and white collar workers. Analysis of the physiological parameters for the working hours from 8 to 16h revealed differences between the hours for physical activity, heart rate (HR) and non-metabolic HR but not for HR variability. Physical activity and HR were higher for blue than white collar workers due to the different tasks of the workers. Comparison between total working time and leisure time revealed lower physical activity and HR but higher non-metabolic HR for leisure time. In the self-reports, however, leisure time was rated less exciting and more pleasant than working time. There was no indication of greater emotional strain for either group, but mental strain at work was somewhat higher for the blue collar workers. In a questionnaire, white collar workers reported having significantly more stress at work and outside work than blue collar workers. Analysis of behaviour during leisure time showed only minor differences between the groups. (75439)

CIS 00-1490 Role clarity, work overload and organizational support: Multilevel evidence of the importance of support. Bliese P.D., Castro C.A., Work and Stress, Jan.-Mar. 2000, Vol.14, No.1, p.65-73. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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This study extended the demands-control-support model used in occupational stress research in two ways. Firstly, it hypothesized that role clarity (or role ambiguity), like control, would moderate the relationship between demands and psychological strain. Secondly, the study assessed support (from leaders) as a macro characteristic of the work-group environment. Data were drawn from a large study of US army soldiers, the study sample consisting of 1,786 lower enlisted male soldiers. The inclusion of support as a work-group characteristic lead to a multilevel test of the model. A three-way multilevel interaction among work demands, role clarity and support was observed. As predicted, the relationship between demands and psychologicalstrain was moderated by role clarity; however, this moderating relationship was found only when work-group support was high. (75452)

CIS 00-1491 Violence and aggressiveness at work. (Spanish: Violencia y agresividad en el trabajo) Ruano Hernández A., Mapfre seguridad, 2nd Quarter 2000, Vol.20, No.78, p.27-39. Illus. 31 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article deals with the issue of violence and aggressiveness at the place of work. It describes the various types of physically and mentally violent behaviour that can be found in occupational settings, as well as the manners and behavioural attitudes of bullying (cutting off communication, casting slurs on a person's reputation, depreciating a person's qualifications). Night workers and isolated workers are more vulnerable to these forms of aggression. The consequences of violence and bullying are serious, and can even lead to suicide; they affect workers not only at the personal level, but also in terms of their work (loss of motivation, increased risks of accident). (75527)

CIS 00-1492 Work-related factors and ill health - The Whitehall II study. Stansfeld S., Head J., Marmot M., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. vi, 61p. 114 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1784-X (In English)

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This report examines the influence of occupational factors on three health problems, alcoholism, psychic morbidity and health functioning. A cohort of 10,308 male and female civil servants aged between 35 and 55 was followed from 1985 and submitted to self-report questionnaires as well as to assessments made by personnel officers. Alcoholism was associated with effort-reward imbalance in men and with low decision latitude in women. High job demands and effort-reward imbalances were associated with increased risks of psychiatric disorders. Low decision latitude, lack of work social support, high job demands and effort-reward imbalance were associated with poor general mental health in both men and women. (75493)

CIS 00-1493 Risk assessment - The human dimension. Hurst N.W., The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 4WF, United Kingdom, 1998. xxi, 101p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-85404-554-6 (In English)

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The interactions between systems and cultures, individual human behaviour and industrial equipment, and their implications for risk assessment are discussed. The complexity of risk as a concept in decision-making is emphasized. Conclusions are discussed in terms of the subjective-objective debate in risk assessment. Finally, important issues for further study in risk assessment are proposed. (75636)

CIS 00-1494 A good workday through participation and feedback: Improving the work environment and enhancing performance and well-being of the workers. Laitinen H., Saari J., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2000. 115p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-347-6 (In English)

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The participation of workers in the process of continuous change in their workplace is a major challenge: the aim is to improve working conditions and make the execution of tasks easier. This process of participatory improvement is applied in numerous Finnish companies. It is based on positive feedback of performance using behavioural safety programmes. This publication presents several studies showing the effects of feedback programmes as well as an article describing the state of the art with respect to the behavioural techniques used. (75473)

CIS 00-1495 Psychological stress at work - Proceedings of the International Symposium. Rantanen J., Lehtinen S., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 2000. 81p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-337-9 (In English)

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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Psychological Stress at Work held at Espoo, Finland, from 7 to 9 June 1999. Main topics covered include: brain imaging methods; risk management, psychosocial hazards and work stress; psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal diseases; prevention of occupational stress; post-traumatic stress caused by harassment or unreasonable treatment at work; occupational stress; stress management; stress in the hotel and restaurant sector. (75471)

CIS 00-1496 Mental health in the workplace. Gabriel P., Liimatainen M.R., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 2000. 46p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-2-112223-9 (In English)

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This report discusses the legislative, policy and programme aspects of mental health in the enterprise, with particular attention paid to five countries: Finland, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom and the United States. A glossary is included. (75482)

CIS 00-1497 The scale of occupational stress - The Bristol stress and health at work study. Smith A., Johal S., Wadsworth E., Smith G.D., Peters T., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 2WA, United Kingdom, 2000. iv, 328p. Illus. 24 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1783-1 (In English)

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Report of a study on occupational stress carried out in the region of Bristol (United Kingdom). A questionnaire on stress and conditions of work was sent to 17,000 randomly-selected persons. The results obtained were in agreement with literature publications. One year later, 4,673 persons having participated in the earlier study answered a new questionnaire and were subjected to medical examinations aimed at highlighting correlations between their state of health and stress level. Finally, a cohort study was conducted on a group of persons identified in the two previous studies as being under stress at work. Arterial hypertension, nervous disorders or depression, bronchitis and lung cancer were among the health problems linked to occupational stress. Occupational accidents were also more frequent in the high stress group. (75492)

CIS 00-1498 Mental well-being at work - A sign of a healthy organisation and a necessary precondition for organisational development. Waris K., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1999. 175p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-308-5 (In English)

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the preconditions of organizational development based on self-improvement, and to clarify the impact of the working environment on workers' mental health. Data were collected through a questionnaire aimed at blue-collar workers in 15 public-sector organizations in Finland. The results indicate that it is possible for organizations to develop and improve the working conditions of their employees. In addition to objective conditions, personal factors such as self-esteem influence perceptions of mental workload. The importance of job satisfaction as a general indicator of perceived working conditions is emphasized. (75633)

CIS 00-1499 A kind of violence - Australian workers and workplaces. Berger Y., The Vulgar Press, Melbourne, Australia, 1999. viii, 148p. Illus., ISBN 0-9577352-0-0 (In English)

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Compendium of cases illustrating working conditions, human attitudes and human behaviour in Australia in a variety of industries and occupations including manufacturing, chemicals, agriculture, construction. Topics include worker productivity, relationship with management and stress. (75638)

CIS 00-1500 Work-related homicide in Australia, 1989 to 1992. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, GPO Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia, June 1999. viii, 20p. 14 ref., ISBN 0-642-39965-4 (In English)

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This report analyses work-related homicides in Australia from 1989 to 1992. The 50 work-related homicides having taken pace during the period are broken down by sex, industry or occupation, weapon and apparent motive of the assailant. Most at risk were police officers, security guards and taxi drivers, with rates approximately 20 times higher than the average work-related homicide rate for all workers. Sales and service personnel, farmers, doctors and sex workers were also at high risk. Risk factors included working alone, especially at night, struggling with a would-be robber, inadequate security procedures and possible lack of protective vests. (75688)

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