CIS 99-701 Resolution of 23 July 1998 (...) authorizing the publication of the Agreement of (...) of 10 July 1998 (...) concerning the extension of legislation on the prevention of occupational hazards to the state public services [Spain]. (Spanish: Resolución de 23 de julio de 1998, de la Secretaría de Estado para la Administración Pública, por la que se ordena la publicación del Acuerdo de Consejo de Ministros de 10 de julio de 1998, por el que se aprueba el Acuerdo Administración-Sindicatos de adaptación de la legislación de prevención de riesgos laborales a la Administración General del Estado [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 1 Aug. 1998, No.183, p.26189-26193. (In Spanish)

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For Royal Decree No.1488 of 10 July 1998 see CIS 99-708. The Resolution also concerns Act No.31/1995 of 8 Nov. 1995 on the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921) and Royal Decree No.39/1997 of 17 January 1997 concerning safety and health services (CIS 97-353). Topics: emergency organization; government services; hazard evaluation; law; plant safety and health organization; public OSH institutions; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; safety and health committees; Spain; workers participation. (73127)

CIS 99-702 Decree No.92-352 of 1 April 1992 implementing Article L.231-2 of the Labour Code and concerning measures to adopt to ensure the safety of workers in establishments where railways are used [France]. (French: Décret n°92-352 du 1er avril 1992 pris pour l'application de l'article L.231-2 du code du travail et relatif aux mesures à prendre pour assurer la sécurité des travailleurs dans les établissements où il est fait usage de voies ferrées [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 2 Apr. 1992, No.79, p.4758-4760. (In French)

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Topics: France; law; permanent ways; plant safety organization; process safety conditions; safety and health training. (73091)

CIS 99-703 Decree No.82-453 of 28 May 1982 concerning health and safety at work and medical prevention for public service employees [France]. (French: Décret n°82-453 du 28 mai 1982 relatif à l'hygiène et à la sécurité du travail ainsi qu'à la prévention médicale dans la fonction publique [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 30 May 1982, p.1737-1741. (In French)

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Topics: France; government services; law; medical prevention; medical supervision; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; safety and health committees; safety and health training. (73093)

CIS 99-704 Notification of Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Re: The committee for safety, occupational health, and surrounding condition in work performance [Thailand]. Royal Thai Government Gazette, Sep. 1995, Vol.49, No.17, p.339-344. (In English)

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Topics: conditions of work; law; responsibilities of employers; safety and health committees; safety and health meetings; Thailand; translation. (73094)

CIS 99-705 Decree No.95-680 of 9 May 1995 amending Decree No.82-453 of 28 May 1982 concerning health and safety at work and medical prevention for public service employees [France]. (French: Décret n°95-680 du 9 mai 1995 modifiant le Décret n°82-453 du 28 mai 1982 relatif à l'hygiène et à la sécurité du travail, ainsi qu'à la prévention médicale dans la fonction publique [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 11 May 1995, No.110, p.7794-7798. (In French)

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Decree amending Decree No.82-453 of 28 May 1982 (CIS 99-703). Topics: France; government services; law; medical prevention; medical supervision; plant safety and health organization; safety and health committees; safety and health training; safety officers; training of OSH personnel. (73095)

CIS 99-706 Notification No.383 of 1998 to amend Notification No.739 of 1997 respecting safety and health at the workplace [Denmark]. (Danish: Bekendtgørelse Nr.383 om ændring af bekendtgørelse om virksomhedernes sikkerheds- og sundhedsarbejde) Lovtidende A, 30 June 1998, Vol.91, No.383, p.2377-2378. (In Danish)

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For Notification No.739 of 1997 see CIS 99-713. Topics: Denmark; information of personnel; law; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers. (73096)

CIS 99-707 Text of 1 July 1998 comprising the Act of 17 June 1994 on safety and health of workers at work as amended by the Act of 6 March 1998 [Luxembourg]. (French: Texte coordonné du 1er juil. 1998 de la Loi du 17 juin 1994 concernant la sécurité et la santé des travailleurs au travail telle que modifiée par la Loi du 6 mars 1998 [Luxembourg]) Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 1 July 1998, No.50, p.737-744. (In French)

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For the Act of 17 June 1994 see CIS 98-1054 and for the Act of 6 March 1998 see CIS 98-1056. Topics: escape and exit; fire prevention; information of personnel; law; Luxembourg; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; safety and health training; safety officers; workers participation. (73097)

CIS 99-708 Royal Decree No.1488/1998 of 10 July 1998, extending legislation on the prevention of occupational hazards to the public services [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto núm. 1488/1998 de 10 de julio, de adaptación de la legislación de prevención de riesgos laborales a la administración general del estado [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 17 July 1998, No. 170, p.23991-23994. (In Spanish)

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This Royal Decree (entry into force Sep. 1998) implements Act No.31/1995 of 8 Nov. 1995 concerning the prevention of occupational hazards (CIS 95-1921). Topics: defence services; emergency organization; government services; law; national organization; police forces; public OSH institutions; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; safety and health committees; safety and health organization; Spain. (73116)

CIS 99-709 Ordinance No.1 of 1998 of the Ministry of Labour amending Ordinance No.32 of 1972 made under the Industrial Safety and Health Act [Japan]. (Japanese: Rōdō anzen eisei kisoku no ichibu o kaisei suru shōrei) Kampō Gōgai, 16 Feb. 1998, No.2320, p.2-3. (In Japanese)

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This Order (entry into force 1 June 1998) establishes the duties of employers to protect workers in case of an avalanche of rocks or earth during construction. It amends Order No.32 of 1972 concerning safety and health at work (see CIS 92-356 for an English translation of the Order as amended to 1989) made under the Industrial Safety and Health Act (see CIS 92-352 for an English translation). Topics: construction industry; Japan; law; occupational safety and health; protection against falls from heights; protection against falls of rock; responsibilities of employers; safety devices. (73120)

CIS 99-710 Resolution No.1.101 of 16 July 1998 of the National Social Welfare Council approving a method for the evaluation and control of occupational accidents [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Resolução n°1.101, de 16 de julho de 1998 do Conselho Nacional de Previdência Social - aprova a "Metodologia para avaliação e controle dos acidentes de trabalho") Diário Oficial, 20 July 1998, No.136, p.31-33. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; accident investigation; Brazil; causes of accidents; compensation of occupational accidents; law; notification of occupational accidents; occupational accidents; risk factors; statistical evaluation. (73122)

CIS 99-711 Ordinance No.608 of 1998 concerning the use of work equipment [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift om bruk av arbeidsutstyr) Norsk Lovtidend, 13 July 1998, No.11, p.781-794. (In Norwegian)

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Topics: age limit; data sheet; information of personnel; inspection; law; Norway; personal protective equipment; plant safety organization; safety and health training; safety devices; supply of personal protective equipment. (73123)

CIS 99-712 Decree No.92-333 of 31 March 1992 amending the Labour Code and relating to workplace safety and health provisions to be observed by employers [France]. (French: Décret n°92-333 du 31 mars 1992 modifiant le code du travail et relatif aux dispositions concernant la sécurité et la santé applicables aux lieux de travail, que doivent observer les chefs d'établissements utilisateurs [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 1 Apr. 1992, No.78, p.4614-4617. (In French)

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Topics: escape and exit; fire prevention; flammable substances; France; law; mobile fire fighting equipment; plant safety and health organization; plant safety supervision; responsibilities of employers; safety checks; workplace design. (73124)

CIS 99-713 Notification No.739 of 22 Sep. 1997 concerning health and safety at work [Denmark]. (Danish: Bekendtgørelse om virksomhedernes sikkerheds- og sundhedsarbejde) Lovtidende A, 30 Sep. 1997, Vol.140, No.739, p.3975-3984. (In Danish)

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Notification transposing into Danish legislation the provisions of Directive 89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 (CIS 89-1401) concerning the implementation of measures to improve the safety of workers at work. This Notification has been amended by Notification No.383 of 22 June 1998 (CIS 99-706). Topics: approval; Denmark; fire fighting; first aid; information of personnel; law; medical supervision; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; safety and health committees; safety and health training; safety officers; workers participation. (73126)

CIS 99-714 Decision No.4 of 2 Sep. 1994 to ensure safe working conditions [Bulgaria]. (Bulgarian: Naredba No.4 ot 2 septembri 1994 g. za osigurjavane na bezopasni uslovija na trud) Dăržaven vestnik, 20 Sep. 1994, No.76, p.12-16. (In Bulgarian)

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Topics: Bulgaria; conditions of work; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; law; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; risk factors; safety and health training; safety checks. (73130)

CIS 99-715 First aid regulation [Canada - Manitoba]. (French: Règlement sur les premiers soins [Canada - Manitoba]) Manitoba Gazette - Gazette du Manitoba, 29 Aug. 1998, Vol.127, No.33, p.1083-1095. (In English, French)

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This Regulation was issued under the Workplace Safety and Health Act of 11 June 1976 (CIS 87-1130). Topics: Canada; first aid; first-aid equipment; first-aid organization; first-aid services; law; Manitoba; responsibilities of employers. (73128)

CIS 99-716 Offshore Installations and Wells (Design and Construction, etc.) Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.5, p.22-43. (In English)

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Topics: Falkland Islands; in-plant transport; information of personnel; law; lighting; offshore oil extraction; oil well operation; petroleum and natural gas industry; safety by design; ventilation; welfare facilities; well drilling. (73112)

CIS 99-717 Reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.5, p.44-65. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) implements the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (CIS 95-1930) with respect to offshore oil installations. Topics: dangerous occurrences; Falkland Islands; fatalities; injuries; law; notification of accidents and diseases; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; safety service records; schedule of occupational diseases. (73113)

CIS 99-718 Offshore Minerals (Application of Employers' Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969) Regulations 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.5, p.66-69. (In English)

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Topics: Falkland Islands; law; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; responsibilities of employers; workmen's compensation. (73114)

CIS 99-719 Provisions No.389 of 1998 amending Provisions No.263 of 1995 concerning systematic supervision of the working environment in the petroleum industry [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift Nr.389 om endring i forskrift om systematisk oppfølging av arbeidsmiljøet i petroleumsvirksomheten) Norsk Lovtidend, 27 May 1998, Part I, Vol.8, No.389, p.487-488. (In Norwegian)

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These provisions (entry into force 1 June 1998) amend the provisions dealing with definitions, special liability with respect to the working environment, safety rules for machinery and handling of dangerous chemicals of Provisions No.263 of 1995. For English and French translations of these provisions see CIS 95-792. Topics: chemical products; conditions of work; law; machinery guarding regulations; Norway; oil well operation; petroleum and natural gas industry; responsibilities. (73117)

CIS 99-720 Constitution of the Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA) [South Africa]. Government Gazette - Staatskoerant, 24 Apr. 1998, Vol.394, No.18854, p.3-32. Illus. (In English)

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Adds an annex to the Mine Safety and Health Act, 1996 (CIS 96-1928). Topics: law; mining and quarrying; mining industry; qualifications; South Africa; vocational training. (73118)

CIS 99-721 Order No.607 of 5 Aug. 1998 approving a technical standard on occupational poisoning by benzene [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Ordem de serviço n°607, de 5 de agosto de 1998 aprova norma técnica sobre intoxicação ocupacional pelo benzeno) Diário Oficial, 19 Aug. 1998, No.158, p.38-44. 26 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: benzene; Brazil; chronic poisoning; health hazards; medical examinations; medical supervision; medical treatment; occupational accidents; poisoning; standard; toxic effects; toxicology. (73099)

CIS 99-722 Ordinance No.609 of 5 Aug. 1998 approving a technical standard concerning pneumoconiosis [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Ordem de serviço n°609, de 5 de agosto de 1998 aprova norma técnica sobre pneumoconioses) Diário Oficial, 19 Aug. 1998, No.158, p.53-60. 18 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: airborne dust; Brazil; diagnosis; dust control; epidemiological aspects; exposure evaluation; medical examinations; occupation disease relation; pneumoconiosis; pulmonary function; radiological classifications; radiological diagnosis; respiratory diseases; risk factors; standard. (73121)

CIS 99-723 Decree No.105 approving the Regulation concerning enterprises which apply pesticides for household and health purposes [Chile]. (Spanish: Decreto núm. 105, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de empresas aplicadoras de pesticidas de uso doméstico y sanitario [Chile]) Diario Oficial de la República de Chile, 27 Aug. 1998, No.36150, p.4-5. (In Spanish)

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Topics: Chile; exposure records; hazard identification; inspection; law; limitation of exposure; medical examinations; medical supervision; pesticides; protective clothing; responsibilities of employers. (73129)

CIS 99-724 Swedish legislation on chemicals. Kemikalieinspektionen, Box 1384, 171 27 Solna, Sweden, June 1997. 171p., ISBN 91-7932-027-9 (In English)

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Compilation of acts and ordinances in the area of chemicals control, as of May 1997. Topics: biological insecticides; cadmium and compounds; chemical products; compendium; directive; genetically modified organisms; law; mercury and compounds; motor fuel; neighbourhood protection; notification of dangerous substances; organic solvents; pesticides; polychlorinated biphenyls; Sweden. (72855)

CIS 99-725 Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire and Explosion and Emergency Response) Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.5, p.4-21. (In English)

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Topics: alarm systems; emergency organization; escape and rescue; explosion prevention; Falkland Islands; fire prevention; law; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; safety service equipment. (73111)

CIS 99-726 Decree No.88-1056 of 14 Nov. 1988 to give effect to the provisions of Book II of the Labour Code (Title III: Hygiene, safety and working conditions) concerning the protection of workers in undertakings using electricity [France]. (French: Décret n°88-1056 du 14 nov. 1988 pris pour l'exécution des dispositions du livre II du code du travail (...) en ce qui concerne la protection des travailleurs dans les établissements qui mettent en œuvre des courants électriques [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 24 Nov. 1988, p.14623-14633. (In French)

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Topics: earthing; electric burns; electric conductivity; electric shock; electrical equipment; electrical safety; electricity; explosion prevention; fire prevention; first aid; France; labour inspection; law; safety and health training; safety checks; work on electrical equipment. (73092)

CIS 99-727 Order No.608 of 5 Aug. 1998 approving a technical standard on neuro-sensorial hearing loss caused by continuous exposure to high levels of occupational noise [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Ordem de serviço n°608 de 5 de agosto de 1998 - aprova norma técnica sobre perda auditiva neurossensorial por exposição continuada a níveis elevados de pressão sonora de origem ocupacional) Diário Oficial, 19 Aug. 1998, No.158, p.44-53. Illus. 30 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: audiometric tests; Brazil; diagnosis; hearing loss; hearing protection; length of exposure; medical examinations; medical treatment; noise; risk factors; sound attenuation; standard. (73100)

CIS 99-728 Ordinance No.3 of 25 Feb. 1998 of the Ministry of Labour amending safety regulations on cranes and the industrial safety and health regulation [Japan]. (Japanese: Kurēn ra anzen kisoku oyobi rōdō anzen eisei kisoku no ichibu o kaisei suru shōrei) Kampō Gōgai, 25 Feb. 1998, Vol.1/2, No. 34, p.5-9. (In Japanese)

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This ordinance (entry into force 31 Mar.1998) amends Ordinance No.34 of 1972 concerning safety on cranes (English translation analysed under CIS 97-1088) and Ordinance No.32 of 1972 concerning safety and health at work (English translation of the law as amended to 1989 analysed under CIS 92-356). Topics: cranes; Japan; law; mobile cranes; responsibilities; safety engineering. (73115)

CIS 99-729 Decision No.156 of 27 Feb. 1998 of the Ministry of Social and Health Care concerning the use of scaffolds and fall protection systems in construction work [Finland]. (Swedish: Social- och hälsovårdsministeriets beslut om användning av arbetsställningar och fallskyddskonstruktioner vid byggnadsarbeten) Suomen asetuskokoelma - Finlands författningssamling, 5 Mar. 1998, No.156, p.364-375. (In Swedish)

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Topics: construction work; erection and dismantling; falls of persons; Finland; law; protection against falls from heights; safety devices; scaffolds. (73119)

CIS 99-730 Commission Directive 95/30/EC of 30 June 1995 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 90/679/EEC on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work (...) [European Communities]. (French: Directive 95/30/CE de la Commission du 30 juin 1995 portant adaptation au progrès technique de la Directive 90/679/CEE du Conseil concernant la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à l'exposition à des agents biologiques au travail (...) [Communautés européennes]) Journal officiel des Communautés européennes - Official Journal of the European Communities, 6 July 1995, No.L 155, p.41-42. (In English, French)

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For Council Directive 90/679/EEC see CIS 91-29. Topics: bacteria; biological hazards; directive; European Communities; microorganisms; viruses. (73125)

CIS 99-731 Order No.606 of 5 Aug. 1998 approving a technical standard on work-related musculoskeletal disorders [Brazil]. (Portuguese: Ordem de serviço n°606 de 5 de agosto de 1998 aprova norma técnica sobre distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho) Diário Oficial, 19 Aug. 1998, No.158, p.26-38. Illus. 12 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; diagnosis; epidemiological aspects; heavy work; joint diseases; medical supervision; medical treatment; musculoskeletal diseases; occupation disease relation; occupational diseases; physical workload; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; standard; work posture. (73098)

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CIS 99-732 Selenium. (Spanish: Selenio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0072. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: asphyxia; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; dermatitis; digestive system diseases; diseases of teeth; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; labelling; loss of nail; pulmonary oedema; respiratory impairment; selenium; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73061)

CIS 99-733 Hydrogen selenide (liquefied). (Spanish: Seleniuro de dihidrógeno (licuado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0284. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: hydrogen selenide; chemical hazards; chemical pneumonitis; data sheet; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; labelling; liquefied gases; physical hazards; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73062)

CIS 99-734 Calcium sulfate dihydrate. (Spanish: Sulfato cálcico, dihidratado) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1215. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: gypsum; conjunctivitis; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; loss of smell; loss of taste; pharyngitis; rhinitis; Spain; threshold limit values; waste disposal. (73063)

CIS 99-735 Calcium sulfate hemihydrate. (Spanish: Sulfato cálcico, semihidratado) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1217. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: calcium sulfate hemihydrate; conjunctivitis; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; loss of smell; loss of taste; pharyngitis; rhinitis; skin absorption; Spain; threshold limit values; waste disposal. (73064)

CIS 99-736 Zinc sulfate heptahydrate. (Spanish: Sulfato de cinc, heptahidratado) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0349. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: zinc sulfate heptahydrate; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; labelling; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (73065)

CIS 99-737 Dithallium sulfate. (Spanish: Sulfato de ditalio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0336. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: alopecia; cardiovascular disorders; dithallium sulfate; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; first aid; gastrointestinal diseases; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; labelling; neurotoxic effects; renal diseases; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73066)

CIS 99-738 Strychnine sulfate. (Spanish: Sulfato de estricnina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0327. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: strychnine sulfate; chemical hazards; convulsions; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; neurotoxic effects; respiratory insufficiency; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73067)

CIS 99-739 TEPP. (Spanish: TEPP) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1158. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: tetraethyl pyrophosphate; chemical hazards; convulsions; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; labelling; neurotoxic effects; respiratory insufficiency; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; waste disposal. (73068)

CIS 99-740 Tetrachloroethylene. (Spanish: Tetracloroetileno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0076. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: tetrachloroethylene; chemical hazards; chemical pneumonitis; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatic damage; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; neurotoxic effects; physical hazards; renal damage; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73069)

CIS 99-741 Carbon tetrachloride. (Spanish: Tetracloruro de carbono) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0024. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: carbon tetrachloride; carcinogens; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatic damage; IPCS; irritants; labelling; neurotoxic effects; physical hazards; renal damage; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73070)

CIS 99-742 Diatomaceous earth (uncalcined). (Spanish: Tierra de diatomeas (no calcinada)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0248. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: diatomaceous earth (uncalcined); data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; physical hazards; pulmonary fibrosis; Spain; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73071)

CIS 99-743 Boron tribromide. (Spanish: Tribromuro de boro) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0230. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: boron tribromide; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73072)

CIS 99-744 Chloral hydrate. (Spanish: 2,2,2-Tricloroetano-1,1-diol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0234. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: cardiovascular diseases; chloral hydrate; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects; Spain; storage; translation; unconsciousness; waste disposal. (73073)

CIS 99-745 Trichloroethylene. (Spanish: Tricloroetileno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0081. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: trichloroethylene; chemical hazards; chemical pneumonitis; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects; physical hazards; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73074)

CIS 99-746 Trichlorofluoromethane. (Spanish: Triclorofluorometano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0047. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: arrhythmia; asphyxia; trichlorofluoromethane; chemical hazards; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; frostbite; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; physical hazards; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73075)

CIS 99-747 Trichloromethylsilane. (Spanish: Tricloro(metil)silano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0301. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: trichloromethylsilane; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (73076)

CIS 99-748 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane. (Spanish: 1,1,2-Triclorotrifluoroetano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 0050. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane; arrhythmia; asphyxiants; chemical hazards; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; neurotoxic effects; physical hazards; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; unconsciousness; waste disposal. (73077)

CIS 99-749 Arsenic trichloride. (Spanish: Tricloruro de arsénico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0221. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: arsenic trichloride; carcinogens; cardiovascular diseases; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; gastrointestinal diseases; haemorrhage; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects; pigmentation disorders; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73078)

CIS 99-750 Boron trifluoride. (Spanish: Trifluoruro de boro) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0231. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: boron trifluoride; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; first aid; frostbite; health hazards; IPCS; labelling; lacrimating agents; nephrotoxic effects; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73079)

CIS 99-751 Trimethylamine, anhydrous (liquefied). (Spanish: Trimetilamina, anhidra (licuado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 3-0206. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: trimethylamine; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; frostbite; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; liquefied gases; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (73080)

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CIS 99-752 Posters. (French: Affiches; German: Plakate; Italian: Affissi) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Sep. 1998. 48p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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Replaces CIS 96-506. Topics: occupational safety and health; poster catalogue; safety posters; sports and recreation; Switzerland; training material. (72892)

CIS 99-753 Audiovisual materials. (French: Moyens audiovisuels; German: Videos, CDs, CD-ROM; Italian: Audiovisivi) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Sep. 1998. 110p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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Replaces CIS 94-486. Topics: audiovisual material; CD-ROM; film catalogue; occupational safety and health; sports and recreation; Switzerland; training material. (72893)

CIS 99-754 JILAF positive program - Training manual for occupational safety and health. Kogi K., Tawakami T., Japan International Labour Foundation, Kinmei Buildung 3-23-2, Kanda-Jimbocho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, Japan, 1996. 144p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: check lists; Japan; materials handling; Pakistan; plant safety and health organization; role of workers organizations; safety officers; training course; training manuals; training material. (72996)

CIS 99-755 "So you're the safety director!" - An introduction to loss control and safety management. Manning M.V., Government Institutes, Inc., 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD, USA, 2nd ed., 1998. 219p. 23 ref., ISBN 0-86587-617-7 (In English)

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Topics: accident investigation; cost of accidents; cost of safety; labour inspection; plant safety organization; role of management; safety and health committees; safety checks; safety rules; total loss control; training manuals; training material; USA; workmen's compensation. (72998)

CIS 99-756 EH&S auditing made easy: A checklist approach for industry. Hess K., Government Institutes, Inc., 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD, USA, 1997. 573p. Illus. 23 ref., ISBN 0-86587-581-2 (In English)

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Topics: check lists; dangerous substances; exposure evaluation; glossary; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; legislation; neighbourhood protection; plant health supervision; plant safety and health supervision; plant safety supervision; safety checks; training manuals; training material; USA. (73000)

CIS 99-757 Safety and health on the Internet. Stuart R.B., Moore C., Government Institutes, Inc., 4 Research Place, Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850-3226, USA, 2nd ed., 1998. 351p. Illus., ISBN 0-86587-613-4 (In English)

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Replaces CIS 97-65. Topics: computer applications; glossary; information dissemination; information services; internet document; occupational safety and health; training manuals; training material. (73040)

CIS 99-758 Five steps to risk assessment. (Welsh: Pum cam i asesu risigau) Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1998. 11p. Illus. 15 ref., ISBN 0-7176-1565-0 (In English, Welsh)

Internet:

Replaces CIS 94-833. Topics: hazard evaluation; safety and health engineering; safety guides; training manuals; training material; United Kingdom. (73032)

CIS 99-759 Groundskeepers safety guide. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada, 3rd ed., 1997. 110p. Illus. Price: CAD 10.00 (Canada); USD 10.00 (elsewhere)., ISBN 0-660-17124-4 (In English)

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Topics: biological hazards; Canada; chain saws; chemical safety; cold; electrical safety; horticulture; lawn mowers; legislation; manual handling; motor-driven gardening implements; outdoor work; personal protective equipment; risk factors; safe working methods; safety guides; training manuals; training material. (73033)

CIS 99-760 Safety for people and goods during forest operations. (French: Protection des tiers et des choses lors du travail en forêt; German: Schutz von Drittpersonen und Sachwerten bei der Waldarbeit; Italian: Protezioni di terzi e beni materiali durante i lavori forestali) Wettmann O., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, German 3rd ed., French and Italian 2nd ed., Aug. 1997. 19p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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Replaces CIS 91-1820. Topics: hazard identification; logging and forestry operations; permanent ways; signalling and communications; training manuals; training material; work near electric lines. (72995)

CIS 99-761 Work improvement in small enterprises for garment manufacturing - Action manual. Bureau of Working Conditions, Department of Labor and Employment, Quezon City 1104, Philippines, May 1997. 109p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: check lists; clothing industry; conditions of work; dangerous substances; lighting; safe working methods; small enterprises; training manuals; training material; welfare facilities; work organization; workplace design. (72997)

CIS 99-762 Health and safety guide for school workers. (French: Guide santé sécurité des travailleurs scolaires) Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada, 1997. 140p. Illus. Price: CAD 10.00 (Canada); USD 10.00 (elsewhere)., ISBN 0-660-95813-9 (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; Canada; educational institutions; ergonomics; extreme temperatures; legislation; maintenance; materials handling; outdoor work; personal protective equipment; safe working methods; safety guides; sports and recreation; tools and work holding devices; training manuals; training material. (73036)

CIS 99-763 Are robots safe?. Swedish Institute of Production Engineering Research, Mölndalsvägen 85, 412 85 Gothenburg, Sweden, 1990. VHS videotape (length 13min). (In English)

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Production costs can be reduced by the application of safety systems that have been designed with production and maintenance requirements for robots in mind and which ensure safety for persons around them. This film provides ideas for the development of robot safety systems in large and small companies. Practical solutions shown in the film cover sectorization of the robot's working area, a three-position enabling device for protection when working in the danger area, and how to choose the right stop functions. Topics: danger zones; emergency stop devices; photoelectric guards; robots; safety by design; safety engineering; safety films; training material; videotape. (72992)

CIS 99-764 Antineoplastic drugs and other dangerous drugs - Safety and health guide. (French: Médicaments antinéoplasiques et autres médicaments dangereux - Guide de prevention) Association pour la santé et la sécurité du travail, secteur affaires sociales, 5100 rue Sherbrooke Est, bureau 950, Montréal, Québec H1V 3R9, Canada, 1995. 63p. Illus. 29 ref., ISBN 2-920132-96-2 (In French)

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Topics: antineoplastic drugs; biosafety cabinets; Canada; containment of spills; disposal of harmful waste; exhaust hoods; first aid; glossary; health care personnel; health hazards; limitation of exposure; Quebec; routes of entry; safe working methods; safety guides; training material. (72837)

CIS 99-765 Antineoplastic drugs and other dangerous drugs. (French: Médicaments antinéo-plasiques et autres médicaments dangereux) Association pour la santé et la sécurité du travail, secteur affaires sociales, 5100 rue Sherbrooke Est, bureau 950, Montréal, Québec H1V 3R9, Canada, 1996. 23p. Illus. 5 ref., ISBN 2-922036-05-7 (In French)

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Topics: antineoplastic drugs; Canada; containment of spills; first aid; health care personnel; health hazards; limitation of exposure; Quebec; routes of entry; safe working methods; safety guides; training material. (72838)

CIS 99-766 Environmental Response Video News Magazine No.11, Fall 1998. EPA/ERT MS 101, GSA Raritan Depot 2890, Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA, 1998. 1 videotape (NTSC) (length: 34min). (In English)

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This videotape contains two feature stories, one dealing with management of badly corroded chlorine and ammonia gas cylinders in American Samoa, the other with bioremediation of an abandoned petroleum refinery and petroleum waste dump. There are also shorter news items on PCB-contaminated oil and water and on cleanup of a feed and grain warehouse contaminated with agricultural chemical dusts. Topics: agricultural chemicals; computer applications; dangerous substances; disposal of harmful waste; environmental pollution; hazard identification; neighbourhood protection; petroleum refining; polychlorinated biphenyls; safety films; USA; videotape. (73038)

CIS 99-767 Safety assessment for chemical processes. Steinbach J., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 1999. 305p. Illus. 105 ref. (In English)

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Topics: chemical processes; chemical reactions; dangerous substances; dust explosions; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; legal aspects; process engineering; safety analysis; safety by design; safety engineering; total loss control; training manuals; training material. (72993)

CIS 99-768 Cold weather workers safety guide. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada, 2nd ed., 1997. 104p. Illus. Price: CAD 10.00 (Canada); USD 10.00 (elsewhere)., ISBN 0-660-16228-8 (In English)

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Replaces CIS 95-2033. Topics: Canada; cold; extreme temperatures; frostbite; legislation; outdoor work; personal protective equipment; protection against cold; safe working methods; safety guides; snow; training manuals; training material; winter; work during bad weather; work in isolation; work on ice. (73034)

CIS 99-769 Protect yourself and life will protect you!. (French: Protégez-vous et la vie vous le rendra!) Meyer R., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1997. 1 videotape (VHS) (length: 7min) (In French)

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Topics: hearing protection; legislation; personal protective equipment; protective gloves; safety and health training; safety films; safety helmets; safety shoes; safety spectacles; Switzerland; training material; videotape. (73039)

CIS 99-770 Warehouse workers safety guide. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada, 1998. 139p. Illus. Price: CAD 10.00 (Canada); USD 10.00 (elsewhere)., ISBN 0-660-17227-5 (In English)

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Topics: Canada; dangerous substances; extreme temperatures; fork-lift trucks; hazard identification; legislation; loading and unloading; manual handling; materials handling; order picking trucks; safe working methods; safety guides; storage; training manuals; training material; warehouses. (73035)

CIS 99-771 Portable ladders can also be very dangerous - Advice for your safety. (French: Les échelles portables peuvent aussi être très dangereuses - Conseils pour votre sécurité; German: Tragbare Leitern können ganz schön gefährlich sein - Tips für Ihre Sicherheit; Italian: Le scale portatili possono essere molto pericolose - Utili consigli per la vostra sicurezza) Merenda E., Wild B., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, French 11th ed., German 18th ed., Italian 10th ed., Oct. 1998. 14p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian)

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Topics: extension ladders; non-slip ladder shoes; portable ladders; safe working methods; training manuals; training material; trestle ladders; work posture. (72994)

CIS 99-772 Working on roofs - Avoiding falls from heights. (French: Travaux sur les toits - Pour ne pas tomber de haut) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Oct. 1998. 4p. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: building industry; construction sites; protection against falls from heights; training manuals; training material; work at height; work on roofs. (72894)

CIS 99-773 The home patient - Prevention of backache among home care workers. (Italian: Il paziente a case - La prevenzione del mal di schiena nella attività dell'assistenza domiciliare) Menoni O., De Marco F., Panciera D., Colombini D., Occhipinti E., Unità di Ricerca Ergonomia della Postura e del Movimento (epm), Azienda USSL 39, Via Darwin 20, 20143 Milano, Italy, Sep. 1996. 36p. Illus. (In Italian)

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Topics: backache; ergonomics; health care personnel; manual lifting; physiology of musculoskeletal system; safe working methods; training manuals; training material; work posture. (72991)

CIS 99-774 Checkouts and musculoskeletal disorders. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 15p. Illus. 6 ref., ISBN 0-7176-1539-1 (In English)

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Topics: cashiers and ticket clerks; check lists; ergonomic evaluation; hazard evaluation; musculoskeletal diseases; risk factors; safety guides; supermarkets; training manuals; training material; United Kingdom. (73031)

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CIS 99-775 Hazards and control measures in the machine-made rug and carpet industry. (French: Risques et moyens de prévention dans la fabrication mécanique de tapis et de moquettes) Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.574-575, p.56-57. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: carpet weaving; ergonomic evaluation; falls of persons; health hazards; implementation of control measures; job study; joint diseases; location of injury; manual handling; mechanical hazards; noise; protection against ejected objects; repetitive strain injury; respirable dust; risk factors; safety devices; statistics; weaving. (72937)

CIS 99-776 Working conditions and hygiene in cheese production. (Spanish: Condiciones de trabajo y salud en la fabricación de quesos) Muñoz Muñoz A., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.116, p.4-9. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: allergic alveolitis; brucellosis; conditions of work; dairy industry; falls on the level; fire hazards; food industry; mechanical hazards; safety checks; small enterprises; Spain; survey. (73054)

CIS 99-777 "ThinkSafe" behavioural and cultural change campaign. Bartholomaeus N., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 1998, Vol.14, No.5, p.481-486. Illus. (In English)

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A behavioural and cultural change campaign has been introduced in Western Australia to improve safety and health in the workplace. The approach is based on hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control. Surveys have shown that the method has proved a simple and effective approach for employers, employees and the self-employed. Topics: Australia; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; risk awareness; safety and health campaigns; safety and health training. (72794)

CIS 99-778 Improving the effectiveness of Hazop: A psychological approach. Leathley B., Nicholls D., Loss Prevention Bulletin, Feb. 1998, No.139, p.8-11. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: hazard evaluation; human behaviour; human relations; occupational psychology; safety analysis; total loss control; vigilance. (72809)

CIS 99-779 Housekeeping sweeps away the hazard. (French: La propreté balaye le risque) Richez J.P., Tissot C., Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.574-575, p.26-35. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: causes of accidents; cleaning of workplaces; commuting accidents; housekeeping; occupational accidents; risk factors; work organization. (72935)

CIS 99-780 About implementation of safety rules. Leplat J., Safety Science, Aug. 1998, Vol.29, No.3, p.189-204. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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Investigates the nature and characteristics of safety rules and examines two main conditions for their implementation: acceptability or desirability of the rules for users. Discusses the place and limits of safety rules in the process of improving safety. Topics: disobeying safety instructions; human factors; implementation of control measures; motivation; plant safety organization; safety consciousness; safety literature; safety posters; safety rules; safety training in industry. (72951)

CIS 99-781 Integrated risk assessment and management: Overview and state of the art. Fedra K., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Aug. 1998, Vol.61, No.1-3, p.5-22. Illus. 40 ref. (In English)

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The integrated use of geographic information systems (GIS) and simulation models in risk assessment and management is described. Based on a dedicated GIS as the central tool and user interface, databases of hazardous installations and hazardous chemicals are linked in a hypertext structure. They include tools for spatial risk assessment based on externally generated risk contours, and links to models describing accidental and continuous atmospheric releases, spills into surface water systems and transportation risk analysis. Model results take the form of interactive graphics and animated topical maps for an intuitive understanding and a more efficient interactive analysis. Topics: chemical hazards; computer analysis; computer simulation; computer-assisted plotting; computerized data bases; dangerous substances; environmental pollution; geographical variables; hazard evaluation; hazardous locations; mathematical models; spills. (72952)

CIS 99-782 Analysis of health and safety management in Zimbabwe. Ncube M.M., On Guard, June 1998, Vol.6, No.13, p.6-9. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: chemical safety; emergency services; labour inspection; legal aspects; mining and quarrying; noise control; notification of occupational accidents; occupational accidents; occupational safety and health; personal protective equipment; risk awareness; safety and health committees; safety and health organization; statistical aspects; Zimbabwe. (72963)

CIS 99-783 Good design heads off human error. Wilkinson S., Chemical and Engineering News, Nov. 1998, Vol.76, No.45, p.82-83. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: analysis of accident causes; automation; design of equipment; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; human factors; human failure; risk factors; safety by design. (72987)

CIS 99-784 Methodological criteria for evaluating occupational safety intervention research. Shannon H.S., Robson L.S., Guastello S.J., Safety Science, Mar. 1999, Vol.31, No.2, p.161-179. Illus. 71 ref. (In English)

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Literature survey on the importance of evaluating workplace safety interventions. Eight areas are listed which can be used to assess the quality of reports evaluating these interventions. The areas are: intervention objectives and their conceptual basis; study design; external validity; outcome measurement; use of qualitative data; threats to internal validity; statistical analysis; and study conclusions. Good quality evaluations can help avoid wasting limited time, money and effort on ineffective or even harmful interventions. Topics: accident research; check lists; description of technique; evaluation of results; evaluation of technique; programme evaluation; research; safety and health engineering. (73012)

CIS 99-785 Logical teaching of prevention. (Spanish: La enseñanza lógica de la prevención) Llacuna Morera J., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.118, p.24-32. Illus. 11 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: assessment of knowledge; implementation of control measures; safety and health training; Spain; teaching. (73059)

CIS 99-786 Seeking a balance between work requirements and job function. (Portuguese: Bosca da harmonia entre a natureza do trabalho e a função da trabalhador) Quick T.C., Revista CIPA, June 1998, Vol.19, No.223, p.52-63. Illus. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; human factors; information of personnel; occupational accidents; plant safety and health organization; safety and health training; severity rates. (73029)

CIS 99-787 Nearly 5 million occupational accicents. (French: Près de 5 millions d'accidents du travail) Bastide J.C., Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.574-575, p.12-13. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: agriculture; banking and insurance; European Communities; fatalities; hotel industry; manufacturing industries; occupational accidents; statistics; trade and warehousing; transport and communication industries. (72934)

CIS 99-788 Occupational accidents decrease but occupational diseases increase. (French: Recul des accidents du travail et progression des maladies professionnelles) Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.574-575, p.44-51. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; causes of accidents; commuting accidents; fatalities; France; frequency rates; occupation disease relation; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; severity rates; statistics. (72936)

CIS 99-789 The classification of accident data. Lortie M., Rizzo P., Safety Science, Feb. 1999, Vol.31, No.1, p.31-57. 50 ref. (In English)

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A review of accident studies published during the past 10 years showed that the types of data considered and the manner in which they were classified varied greatly between studies. Data on the accident circumstances were seldom considered, while accident and injury data were extensively analysed. A study of 580 accident reports showed that an extensive vocabulary was used to describe the accidents. While some grouping strategies to classify data could be developed for the worksite or incidents, it was difficult to identify a logic for grouping activity data. The analysis showed that many important data are of an implicit nature. A literal or automatic classification of terms may therefore lead to significant biases. Furthermore, although data on incidents were frequently reported, this type of data is generally disregarded by most accident studies. Topics: accident descriptions; analysis of accident causes; causes of accidents; classification; compilation of statistics; dangerous occurrences; injuries; literature survey; occupational accidents; safety service records. (72961)

CIS 99-790 Accidents at work - Deaths at work. Ncube N.N., On Guard, Mar. 1998, Vol.6, No.12, p.20-22. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; accident descriptions; causes of accidents; degree of disability; fatalities; occupational accidents; sickness absenteeism; statistics; Zimbabwe. (72980)

CIS 99-791 Disabling occupational morbidity in the United States. Courtney T.K., Webster B.S., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.60-69. 23 ref. (In English)

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To improve the understanding of national days-away-from-work (DAW) case morbidity estimates based on the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) annual survey of occupational injuries and illnesses, this study used a special data-call and data-reduction strategy to identify the leading part-of-body (BP)/nature of injury (NOI) combinations for DAW cases by frequency, incidence rate, and severity (median DAW) for 1994. While morbidity associated with back pain clearly continued as the most frequent type of disabling case, fractures at critical anatomical sites (eg, pelvic region, leg, shoulder) were responsible for the most lengthy disability absences from work in 1994. In some instances these findings were contrary to conclusions typically inferred from BLS publications. Topics: backache; falling objects; falls from heights; falls on the level; fractures; head injuries; injuries; location of injury; morbidity; musculoskeletal diseases; notification of accidents and diseases; occupational accidents; sickness absenteeism; sprains; strain injuries; striking against objects; USA; workmen's compensation. (73020)

CIS 99-792 Occupational accidents in the State of Goias. (Portuguese: Acidentes do trabalho no Estado de Goiás) Revista CIPA, Oct. 1997, Vol.18, No.215, p.112-118. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; degree of disability; fatalities; frequency rates; occupational accidents; statistics. (73023)

CIS 99-793 Occupational accidents in the State of Minas Gerais. (Portuguese: Acidentes do trabalho no Estado de Minas Gerais) Revista CIPA, Jan. 1998, Vol.19, No.218, p.89-97. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; degree of disability; fatalities; frequency rates; occupational accidents; statistics. (73025)

CIS 99-794 Statistics applied to occupational safety and health. (Portuguese: Estatística aplicada à saúde e segurança no trabalho) Volpi S., Revista CIPA, May 1998, Vol.19, No.222, p.49-55. Illus. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; compilation of statistics; safety and health documentation; statistical aspects. (73027)

CIS 99-795 Occupational accidents in the State of South Mato Grosso. (Portuguese: Acidentes do trabalho no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul) Revista CIPA, May 1998, Vol.19, No.222, p.80-83. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; degree of disability; fatalities; frequency rates; occupational accidents; statistics. (73028)

CIS 99-796 Occupational accidents in the State of Mato Grosso. (Portuguese: Acidentes do trabalho no Estado do Mato Grosso) Revista CIPA, June 1998, Vol.19, No.223, p.98-102. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; degree of disability; fatalities; frequency rates; occupational accidents; statistics. (73030)

CIS 99-797 Occupational health and safety in national development - The case of Australia. Emmett E.A., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.325-333. 29 ref (In English)

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This review discusses the changes in occupational health and safety in Australia over the last 15 years, focusing on the sociopolitical and economic context, national developments in policy and practice and the dialogue between the public and occupational health and safety agencies and professionals about occupational health and safety matters. First came the classical phase when activities followed the accepted hygienic, medical and inspection traditions laid down early in the century. A phase followed in which modern legislation was introduced, new institutions were created and research and data gathering on important issues was intensified. Finally came the current phase characterized by a performance paradigm. Emphasis was given to regulatory reform and the use of nonregulatory initiatives to facilitate better occupational health and safety. Topics: Australia; economic aspects; history; information dissemination; legislation; national organization; occupational safety and health; research; role of government; role of management; safety and health institutions; workers participation; workmen's compensation. (72824)

CIS 99-798 Legal liability and a safety professional's duty of care. James P., Safety and Health Practitioner, Dec. 1998, Vol.16, No.12, p.27-29. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: criminal liability; industrial physicians; legislation; responsibilities; safety officers; United Kingdom. (72875)

CIS 99-799 Quality standards for medical evaluations for accident insurance. (French: Standards de qualité des expertises médicales pratiquées dans le domaine de l'assurance-accidents; German: Qualitätsstandards für ärztliche Gutachten im Bereich der Unfallversicherung) Bär E., Maine J., Vogt W., Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 1999, No.71, p.64-67. 3 ref. (In French, German)

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Topics: assessment of working capacity; check lists; compensation of occupational accidents; diagnosis; expertise; industrial physicians; medical examinations; occupational medicine; qualifications; Switzerland. (73134)

CIS 99-800 The difficulties with cost-benefit analyses - Good safety and care at work ensures greater competitiveness. Mossink J., Janus, 1998, No.28, p.17-19. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: conditions of work; cost of accidents; cost of diseases; cost-benefit analysis; Netherlands; plant safety and health organization. (72807)

CIS 99-801 The history of occupational health service in Korea. Park J., Kim Y., Industrial Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.36, No.4, p.393-401. 7 ref. (In English)

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The development of Korea's occupational health service system is examined in relation to the developing political situation in the country. Until the mid 1980s, the occupational health system was more a by-product of contemporary political, social and economic situations rather than an effort to solve industrial safety and health problems on the basis of academic development of industrial medicine. However, as Korea achieved democracy toward the end of the 1980s, the industrial safety administration leaned toward actively dealing with the social demands of workers. Topics: history; Korea Rep. of; legislation; medical examinations; national organization; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; role of workers organizations; safety and health institutions; workmen's compensation. (72870)

CIS 99-802 Occupational health and safety in Algeria. Chaabane S., Mouss L.H., Safety and Health Practitioner, Dec. 1998, Vol.16, No.12, p.23-25. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

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Topics: Algeria; legislation; national organization; occupational safety and health; plant health services; public OSH institutions; role of labour inspection; role of workers organizations; safety and health training; training of OSH personnel. (72874)

CIS 99-803 Occupational medicine in Korea. Lee S.H., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.1-6. 15 ref. (In English)

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The Republic of Korea has undergone rapid industrialization since the first 5-year Socioeconomic Development Plan started in 1962. Numerous industrial complexes have emerged and the number of industrial workers has been increasing steadily. Along with industrial development, the numbers of cases of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, particularly noise-induced hearing loss, pneumoconiosis, and occupational diseases caused by old and newly introduced chemicals, have been increasing. These phenomena have raised social concern for occupational diseases and workers' awareness on health matters and increased conflicts between employers and employees. The number of academic societies, institutions, and organizations devoted to occupational health has also increased, as has the attitude of employers and government to occupational health service. Topics: industrial organization; Korea Rep. of; legal aspects; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; occupational medicine; plant safety and health organization; research; role of government; safety and health institutions; small enterprises; statistics; training of OSH personnel. (72911)

CIS 99-804 XIVth World Congress on Occupational Safety and Health. (Spanish: XIV Congreso Mundial sobre Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo) Serbitzer J., Meertens D.J., Alonso Arenal F., Manzano Sanz F., Díaz Ojeda M., Montilla Fernández A., Cárcoba Alonso A.C., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.114, p.1-62. (Whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English, Spanish)

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Topics: comment on law; ILO; ISSA; occupational safety and health; role of workers organizations; safety and health organization; Spain. (73051)

CIS 99-805 Ethical and social principles in occupational health practices. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1998. 121p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-246-1 (In English)

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Proceedings of an international symposium on ethical and social principles in occupational health practices held in Espoo, Finland, 1-3 Dec. 1997. Topics: discriminatory practices; ethics; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; genetic screening; ILO; individual susceptibility; medical confidentiality; medical examinations; medical supervision; occupational hygiene; pre-employment medical examinations; responsibilities; social aspects. (72885)

CIS 99-806 Statistics on occupational accidents and diseases 1995/1996. (Dutch: Statistieken arbeidsongevallen en beroepsziekten 1995/1996; French: Statistiques des accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles 1995/1996) Institut pour la prévention, la protection et le bien-être au travail, 88 rue Gachard bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1998. 43p. Illus. 10 ref., ISBN 2-87112-052-8 (In Dutch, French)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; accident agencies; Belgium; compensation of occupational diseases; cost of accidents; fatalities; frequency rates; injuries; length of exposure; list of occupations; notification of occupational diseases; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; severity rates; statistical trends; statistics; types of accident. (72839)

CIS 99-807 Reported occupational accidents and diseases. Annual report 1996. (Danish: Anmeldte arbejdsskader. Årsopgørelse 1996) Arbejdstilsynet, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, July 1997. 125p., ISBN 87-7534-000-3 (In Danish)

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Topics: Denmark; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; report; statistics. (72851)

CIS 99-808 Reported occupational accidents and diseases. Annual report 1995. (Danish: Anmeldte arbejdsskader. Årsopgørelse 1995) Arbejdstilsynet, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, July 1996. 145p. (In Danish)

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Topics: Denmark; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; report; statistics. (72852)

CIS 99-809 The working environment 1995. (Swedish: Arbetsmiljön 1995) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Statistika centralbyrån, Publikationstjänsten, 701 89 Örebro, Sweden, 1996. 179p. (In Swedish)

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Topics: conditions of work; report; statistics; Sweden. (72856)

CIS 99-810 Work related problems 1997. (Swedish: Arbetsorsakade besvär 1997) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Statistika centralbyrån, Publikationstjänsten, 701 89 Örebro, Sweden, 1997. 111p. (In Swedish)

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Topics: causes of accidents; commuting accidents; frequency rates; injuries; location of injury; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; report; statistics; Sweden; types of accident. (72857)

CIS 99-811 Year Book of Labour Statistics 1998 - Chapter VIII: Occupational injuries. (French: Annuaire des statistiques du travail 1998 - Chapitre VIII: Lésions professionnelles; Spanish: Anuario de estadísticas del trabajo 1998 - Capítulo VIII: Lesiones de origen profesional) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 57th ed., 1998. p.1069-1192., ISBN 92-2-011329-5 (In English, French, Spanish)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; agriculture and forestry; banking and insurance; coal mining; commercial activities; construction industry; fatalities; frequency rates; hotel industry; ILO; manufacturing industries; mining and quarrying; occupational accidents; office work; power generation and distribution; public water supply; services; statistics; transport. (73050)

CIS 99-812 The well-being of workers during the performance of their work - Legal comment on the Act of 4 August 1996. (Dutch: Het welzijn van de werknemers bij de uitvoering van hun werk - Toelichting bij de wet van 4 augustus 1996; French: Le bien-être des travailleurs lors de l'exécution de leur travail - Commentaire juridique de la loi du 4 août 1996) Ministère fédéral de l'Emploi et du Travail, 51 rue Bélliard, 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium, Dec. 1997. 72p. Bibl.ref. (In Dutch, French)

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Includes the text of the Act (analysed in CIS 97-1). Topics: Belgium; comment on law; conditions of work; enforcement; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; information of personnel; legislation; penalties; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities; role of labour inspection; safety and health committees; social aspects; subcontractors; temporary workplaces. (72836)

CIS 99-813 Bringing health to work. Feitshans I.L., Emalyn Press, 107 Centre St., Haddonfield, New Jersey 08033, USA, 1997. 154p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-9662216-0-5 (In English)

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Topics: Australia; Canada; employee rights; enforcement; ethics; harmful substances; implementation of control measures; legislation; occupational hygiene; responsibilities of employers; safety and health training; United Kingdom; USA; violence; workers participation. (72884)

CIS 99-814 NIOSH strategic plan 1997-2002. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1998. 27p. (In English)

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Topics: national organization; ongoing research; plant safety and health organization; public OSH institutions; report of activities; safety and health training; USA. (72896)

CIS 99-815 Control of occupational hazards on construction sites. (French: Prévention des risques professionnels sur les chantiers) Voisin J.C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1997. 10p. Illus. 10 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0568-4 (In French)

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Topics: comment on law; construction industry; construction sites; France; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; legislation; occupational accidents; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; safety planning; statistics. (72806)

CIS 99-816 Planned observations of workplace tasks. (Spanish: Observaciones planeadas del trabajo) Bestratén Belloví M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: data sheet; hazard evaluation; human factors; job study; plant safety and health organization; safe working methods; safety analysis; Spain; vocational training. (73104)

CIS 99-817 Industrial hygiene. (French: Hygiène industrielle) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1997. 48p. Illus. 108 ref., ISBN 2-73389-0419-X (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; chemical hazards; dust measurement; electromagnetic radiation; epidemiology; France; health engineering; health hazards; infection control; ionizing radiation; legislation; lighting; limitation of exposure; medical supervision; microorganisms; noise level; noise measurement; occupational hygiene; permissible radiation doses; physical hazards; plant health organization; sampling and analysis; thermal environment; toxicology; ventilation; vibration measurement; visible radiation. (72840)

CIS 99-818 Spanish safety and health at work regulations. (Spanish: Normativa española relacionada con la seguridad y la salud de los trabajadores) Bultó Nubiola M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 8p. (In Spanish)

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Topics: construction industry; dangerous substances; data sheet; electricity; industrial waste; legislation; list; machinery; noise; occupational diseases; occupational safety and health; radiation protection; Spain; tractors; transport of materials. (73103)

CIS 99-819 Social security worldwide - 1997/1998. (French: La sécurité sociale dans le monde entier - 1997/1998; Spanish: La seguridad social en todo el mundo - 1997/1998) ISSA Publications, International Social Security Association, Case postale, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. CD-ROM. (In English, French, German, Spanish)

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This CD-ROM contains descriptions of social security schemes, recent reforms (1995-1998), legislative references, bibliographic references, and a thesaurus of key social security terms. Topics: CD-ROM; computerized data bases; glossary; ISSA; legislation; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; workmen's compensation. (72881)

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CIS 99-820 Outcome of occupational asthma due to platinum salts after transferral to low-exposure areas. Megret R., Schulte A., Gebler A., Breitstadt R., Kulzer R., Berndt E.D., Baur X., Schultze-Werninghaus G, International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.33-39. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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A cross-sectional study of 83 workers with diagnosed occupational asthma (OA) due to platinum (Pt) salts was carried out in 2 platinum refineries and 2 catalyst production plants. In all, 9 workers continued to be exposed at the time of examination, 16 had been transferred to other workplaces within the production building, 39 had been transferred to areas outside the building but inside the plant, and 19 had left the plant. A clear-cut exposure-effect relationship existed concerning sensitization. For the majority of subjects with OA due to Pt salts transfer to low exposure areas as defined in this study may not be associated with a more unfavorable outcome as compared with complete removal from exposure sources after a period of about 4 years. Topics: asthma; cross-sectional study; immunoglobulins; job-exposure relation; platinum and compounds; sensitization; skin tests; smelting plants; transfer to other work. (72914)

CIS 99-821 Reproductive health and work: Different experiences. Plante R., Malenfant R., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.40, No.11, p.964-968. 6 ref. (In English)

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Legislation to protect pregnant women and their unborn children was passed in Quebec and Denmark in 1981 and in Finland in 1991. While these measures have much in common, they are applied in very different ways. Approximately 1% of pregnant women benefit from a "special maternity leave" in Denmark compared with 0.1% in Finland, while in Quebec, nearly 40% of working women benefit from preventive reassignment measures during their pregnancies. Reasons for these disparities between rates of utilization are analysed in the light of Quebec experience over the last 16 years. Topics: comparative study; conditions of work; Denmark; expectant mothers; Finland; hazard evaluation; legislation; maternity leave; medico-legal aspects; Quebec; transfer to other work. (72797)

CIS 99-822 Medical surveillance of pneumoconioses. Wagner G., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.2, No.3, Supplement, p.S27-S32. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Topics: asbestosis; asbestos; quartz; chest radiography; coal dust; coalworkers pneumoconiosis; dose-response relationship; hazard evaluation; medical supervision; pneumoconiosis; progressive massive fibrosis; silicosis. (72862)

CIS 99-823 Genetic monitoring: Experiences, possibilities, and applications in occupational health practices. Sorsa M., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.2, No.3, Supplement, p.S54-S56. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: cytogenetic studies; exposure tests; genetic abnormalities; genetic effects; genetic screening; hazard evaluation; medical supervision; mutagens; neoplasms. (72865)

CIS 99-824 Predictive aspects of the abduction external rotation test among male industrial and office workers. Toomingas A., Nilsson T., Hagberg M., Lundström R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.32-42. 41 ref. (In English)

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Nerve compression of the brachial plexus can be provoked by the Abduction External Rotation (AER) test where the arms are held in a "hands-up" position. An AER test was conducted among 137 male industrial and office workers at baseline and after 5 years follow-up, together with a medical examination/history and exposure analysis. Nerve conduction measurements in the wrist regions were also made. The cumulated incidence of neurological signs during the AER test, was estimated to be 2/100 person-years. Factors related to work-conditions, constitution, disease, and neck trauma were associated with AER signs. Subjects with AER signs exhibited a slowing of the nerve conduction velocities in the wrist region. The AER test predicted future neck and upper extremity symptoms and signs of nerve compression. Results support the "double or multiple crush" theory of nerve compression. Prevention, evaluation, and management of neck and upper extremity nerve compression diseases should attend to all probable locations of such compression, even when a specific location is in focus. Topics: cohort study; conduction velocity; diseases of peripheral nervous system; elbow; median nerve; nervous function tests; office work; paper and paper products industry; peripheral nerves; prediction; shoulder; symptoms; upper extremities; vibrating tools; wrist. (73005)

CIS 99-825 Occupation and pancreatic cancer risk in Shanghai, China. Ji B.T., Silverman D.T., Dosemeci M., Dai Q., Gao Y.T., Blair A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.76-81. 36 ref. (In English)

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A population-based case-control study was conducted to examine occupational risks of pancreatic cancer in Shanghai, China. Among men, an increased risk of pancreatic cancer was associated with employment as an electrician, and a positive trend in risk with increasing duration of employment was apparent. Exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) as measured by a job exposure matrix was also associated with an increased risk among electricians. Threefold risks were observed for men with the highest level of intensity and for those with the highest probability of EMF exposure, although women with heavy EMF exposure did not experience increased risk. Among men, elevated risks were also found for metal workers, toolmakers, plumbers, welders, glass manufacturers, potters, painters and construction workers. Among women, textile workers experienced an increased risk. Results suggest that occupations associated with exposures to metal and textile dusts or certain chemicals may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. The elevated risk among electricians may warrant further study to evaluate the possible role of EMF or other exposures. Topics: cancer; case-control study; China; electromagnetic fields; metals; occupation disease relation; sex-linked differences; textile industry; tumour of the pancreas; work on electrical equipment. (73010)

CIS 99-826 Lung cancer and occupational risk factors in Greece. Chatzis C., Danaka G., Linos A., Kales S.N., Christiani D.C., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.29-35. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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This study estimated the proportion of lung cancer in Greece that was attributable to occupational exposure. 282 patients with lung cancer and 494 controls were interviewed about their socioeconomic characteristics: sex, age, and occupational, smoking, and residential histories. Each subject was classified as exposed or unexposed to known occupational lung carcinogens. Because of the small number of females exposed, only males were included in the multivariate analyses. After adjustment for smoking, the relative risk for lung cancer was 2.9. If 5% to 10% of the Greek population were occupationally exposed, the attributable risk would be 9.9% to 16.6%, respectively. Occupational exposures conferred an additional risk that was approximately threefold that of smoking alone. Risks increased in a dose-response fashion with increasing cigarette consumption. Topics: age-linked differences; carcinogens; case-control study; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; Greece; lung cancer; occupation disease relation; risk factors; smoking. (73016)

CIS 99-827 Hodgkin's disease, work, and the environment. McCunney R.J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.36-46. 80 ref. (In English)

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Literature survey of case-control and mortality evaluations of the purported relationships between Hodgkin's disease (HD) and certain occupations and exposure to chemical agents. Although certain chemicals (i.e. chlorophenols, pesticides) were reported as risks, no chemical was consistently and unambiguously linked with HD. Recent investigative work, however, points to a major aetiological role for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), genetic fragments of which have been noted in Reed-Sternberg cells, the classic malignant cells of HD. The occupation most consistently associated with HD appears to be woodworking, although no specific chemical has been consistently linked with this lymphoma. The most persuasive evidence regarding the cause of HD arises from recent studies, including epidemiological, clinical, and genetic studies, that point to a major role by the EBV. Topics: aetiology; chlorophenols; epidemiologic study; Hodgkin's disease; literature survey; lymphoma; occupation disease relation; pesticides; risk factors; viruses; woodworking industry. (73017)

CIS 99-828 The "Comet Assay": A new tool in occupational medicine for the detection of genotoxic hazards. (French: Le "Comet Assay": un nouveau test en médecine du travail pour le dépistage des risques génotoxiques; German: Der Comet Assay - eine molekulargenetische Nachweismethode in der Arbeitsmedizin für gentoxische Belastungen) Glück U., Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 1999, No.71, p.56-63. Illus. 17 ref. (In French, German)

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Topics: analysis of chromosome aberrations; chromosome changes; cytogenetic studies; description of technique; DNA; electrophoresis; exposure tests; genetic effects; microscopic determination; occupational medicine; smoking; testing; toxic substances. (73133)

CIS 99-829 Temporal trends in coal workers' pneumoconiosis prevalence - Validating the National Coal Study results. Goodwin S., Attfield M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1065-1071. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

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Evidence from four successive rounds of the U.S. National Study of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (CWP) indicates diminishing prevalence of the disease from 1969 to 1988. However, methodological inconsistencies across surveys have raised concerns. A standardized methodological approach was used to confirm the reported downward trend. Re-evaluation of radiological findings showed that the prevalence of small rounded opacities declined from 12.7% in Round 1 to 3.9% in Round 4. These findings support the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's recommendations for a reduced exposure limit for coal dust of 1mg/m³ because the present standard does not sufficiently protect miners against adverse health effects over a working lifetime of exposures. Topics: chest radiography; coal dust; coal mining; coalworkers pneumoconiosis; epidemiologic study; frequency rates; limitation of exposure; opacities; radiological diagnosis; statistical trends; USA. (72845)

CIS 99-830 Mortality from cardiovascular diseases and sudden death in ferroalloy plants. Hobbesland Å., Kjuus H., Thelle D.S., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.334-341. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

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In a cohort of 14,730 men employed in 12 Norwegian ferroalloy plants, overall mortality from cardiovascular diseases was not increased, but a significantly increased mortality from sudden death and hypertensive disease was observed. Among the ferromanganese/silicomanganese (FeMn/SiMn) furnace workers the sudden death mortality was significantly increased during the employment period. This increased mortality is likely to be associated with work exposures (manganese and possibly carbon monoxide and heat). The mortality from three hypertension-related diseases showed identical positive mortality trends among the ferrosilicon/silicon-metal workers and the FeMn/SiMn workers by increasing duration of work. This may be associated with common furnace work conditions (heat, psychological stress, shift work, noise, carbon monoxide). Topics: cardiovascular diseases; ferromanganese; carbon monoxide; silicon; manganese; cohort study; coronary diseases; ferroalloys; heat; hypertension; long-term exposure; mortality; neuropsychic stress; noise; Norway; ore reduction; reduction furnaces; renal diseases; sudden death syndrome. (72825)

CIS 99-831 Mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases among male workers in Norwegian ferroalloy plants. Hobbesland Å., Kjuus H., Thelle D.S., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.342-350, 36 ref. (In English)

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In a cohort of 14,730 men employed in 12 Norwegian ferroalloy plants, overall mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases was not increased, but mortality from bronchitis, emphysema and asthma combined was significantly increased among men with at least three years of ferrosilicon/silicon-metal (FeSi/Si-met) furnace work. This increased mortality may be associated with previous exposure to amorphous silica. Six men died of pneumonia while still employed in a ferromanganese/siliconmanganess plant. These deaths may be associated with manganese exposure. No corresponding deaths occurred among employees in FeSi/Si-met plants. Two deaths from pneumoconiosis were observed in the total cohort. Topics: asthma; bronchitis; ferromanganese; manganese; silica; cohort study; emphysema; ferroalloys; long-term exposure; mortality; Norway; ore reduction; pneumoconiosis; pneumonia; reduction furnaces; respiratory diseases. (72826)

CIS 99-832 Incorporating an environmental/occupational medicine theme into the medical school curriculum. Goldman R.H., Rosenwasser S., Armstrong E., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.47-52. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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Medical schools have been slow in teaching students how to recognize and intervene in occupational and environmental illnesses. This paper reports on one medical school's efforts when an occupational physician teamed with medical school educators to develop, implement, and evaluate a thematic-based environmental and occupational medicine (EOM) curriculum in several locations. This effort resulted in new EOM content being added to eight core courses in a developmental sequence and the creation of several elective experiences. Techniques and strategies are described that might be useful at other institutions in promoting the EOM theme and improving communication. EOM physicians and educators can play leadership roles in raising interest in the subject within the medical school setting and in developing and implementing an EOM curriculum. Topics: industrial physicians; occupational medicine; role of private bodies; safety and health training; training course; training of OSH personnel; university training. (73018)

CIS 99-833 Occupational burns in Washington State, 1989-1993. McCullough J.E., Henderson A.K., Kaufman J.D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1083-1089. 19 ref. (In English)

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During the period 1989-1993, there were compensation claims for 27,323 occupational burns in the State of Washington, USA. 71.4% were thermal burns and 26.8% chemical burns. The most common sources of injury were cooking oils, and hot water/steam. Workers involved in food preparation or food handling accounted for the highest proportion of injured workers. Industries involved in the smelting, sintering or refining of ore had the highest rate for thermal burns, followed by paper, pulp or wood fibre manufacturing and then roof work. Industries involved in hazardous waste landfill cleanup had the highest rate for chemical burns, followed by portable cleaning and washing, and paper, pulp and wood fibre manufacturing. Topics: burns; chemical burns; compensation of occupational accidents; electric burns; fatalities; high-risk groups; list of occupations; location of injury; scalds; statistical evaluation; statistics; thermal burns; USA; Washington; young persons. (72846)

CIS 99-834 The factor structure of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and its relationship to occupational lead exposure. Lindgren K.N., Masten V.L., Tiburzi M.J., Ford D.P., Bleecker M.L., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.3-10. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

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The Profile of Mood States (POMS) is an instrument composed of six mood scales that were developed using clinical populations. 467 current and retired lead-smelter workers completed the POMS, and a factor analysis was performed on the individual items. Factor analysis produced one factor, labelled "general distress", that was composed mainly of items from five of the six POMS subscales (anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension) and a second factor labelled "psychological adjustment". Integrated blood lead level, a measure of cumulative lead exposure that included prior high exposure, was significantly related to the POMS "general distress" factor, while a current blood lead level that was relatively low was unrelated. As expected, POMS psychological adjustment was not related to lead exposure. Factor analysis did not support the use of six separate POMS subscales in this occupational population. Topics: age-linked differences; alcoholism; lead; depressive neurosis; determination in blood; evaluation of technique; exposure evaluation; human behaviour; lead industry; lead poisoning; long-term exposure; mental health; neuropsychic stress; psychological effects; psychological tests. (73013)

CIS 99-835 Occupational medical surveillance of work: A protocol developed by the INSHT. (Spanish: La vigilancia médica en el trabajo: una experiencia de protocolización realizada por el INSHT) Maqueda Blasco J., Zimmerman Verdejo M., García Gómez M., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.115, p.20-30. Illus. 26 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: description of technique; information of personnel; medical supervision; plant health supervision; quality control; research; Spain. (73053)

CIS 99-836 Study of upper extremity disorders due to repetitive movements. (Spanish: Estudio de la patología de miembro superior producida por movimientos repetitivos) Puértolas Sanz C., Otero Sierra C., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.116, p.10-15. Illus. 16 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: carpal-tunnel syndrome; epicondylitis; repetitive strain injury; sex-linked differences; Spain; statistics; tendinitis; tenovaginitis; upper extremity disorders. (73055)

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CIS 99-837 Gantry cranes: Status. (Spanish: Puentes grúa: informe de situación) Tosal Suárez J.M., Espeso Santiago J.A., Fernández Urgellés J.R., Fernández Zapico F., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.116, p.20-24. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: cranes; metalworking industry; portal cranes; preventive maintenance; safety checks; Spain; statistical evaluation. (73056)

CIS 99-838 The effect of heavy maternal workload on fetal growth retardation and preterm delivery: A study among southern Thai women. Tuntiseranee P., Geater A., Chongsuvivatwong V., Kor-anantakul O., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.40, No.11, p.1013-1021. 53 ref. (In English)

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The effects of physical activity during pregnancy on low birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA) and prematurity were studied in 1797 women in southern Thailand. The risk of SGA was elevated for women working more than 50h a week, squatting during work, commuting more than one hour a day and having high psychological job demands. The risk of preterm delivery was increased with obstetrical complications. Women who worked for long hours and had demanding work conditions had an elevated risk of giving birth to SGA infants but not of preterm delivery. Topics: cohort study; commuting; complications of pregnancy; expectant mothers; hours of work; neuropsychic stress; physical workload; risk factors; squatting posture; Thailand. (72800)

CIS 99-839 Race-specific cancer mortality in US firefighters: 1984-1993. Ma F., Lee D.J., Fleming L.E., Dosemeci M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1134-1138. 34 ref. (In English)

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A study of death certificate data from 24 US States showed that overall cancer mortality was slightly elevated among white firefighters, but the increase in overall cancer mortality among black firefighters was not significant. Only prostate cancer risk was elevated in both groups. Among white firefighters, elevated site-specific cancer mortality risks were found for the lip, pancreas, soft tissue sarcoma, melanoma, kidney and renal pelvis, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. A slightly elevated risk was found for bronchus and lung cancer. Among black firefighters, excess risks were found for cancers of the brain and central nervous system, colon, and nasopharynx. Future studies are needed to confirm the existence of differential cancer mortality risks among firefighters of different race/ethnic subpopulations. Topics: brain cancer; bronchial cancer; cancer; epidemiologic study; fire services; Hodgkin's disease; lymphoma; melanoma; mortality; nasal cancer; prostatic cancer; race-linked differences; renal cancer; sarcomas; USA. (72848)

CIS 99-840 Constraints on the adoption of safety measures on Australian farms. Cassell E., Day L., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 1998, Vol.14, No.5, p.447-456. 23 ref. (In English)

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Two clusters of factors constraining the adoption of safety measures on Australian farms have been identified. First, a prevailing complacency about farm safety among farmers which appears to be based partly on a low perception of personal risk or a machismo attitude toward risk-taking and resistance to changing traditional work practices. Second, the uncertain economic conditions in agriculture which are affecting farmers' ability to maintain and replace farm machinery and equipment and to introduce safety innovations and protective equipment. Some new strategies and approaches are suggested. Topics: agricultural equipment; agriculture; Australia; economic aspects; elementary occupations; implementation of control measures; questionnaire survey; risk awareness; role of government; safe working methods; safety and health training; technical development. (72791)

CIS 99-841 Agricultural tasks, exposures and diseases. (French: Travaux, expositions et maladies dans l'agriculture; German: Arbeiten, Expositionen und Krankheiten in der Landwirtschaft) Hofer L., Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 1999, No.71, p.80-98 (French), p.79-96 (German). Illus. 4 ref. (In French, German)

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Topics: agricultural operations; agriculture; allergies; bacterial toxins; biological hazards; bovine spongiform encephalopathy; dairy farming; eczema; farmer's lung; fodder silos; grain dust; handling of animals; hay; health hazards; immunoglobulins; liquid manure; livestock rearing; moulds; noise; occupation disease relation; organic dust; poultry farming; swine; toxic gases; zoonoses. (73135)

CIS 99-842 Agency for down grading profit-margin in the mines - Mining accidents in Zimbabwe. Mandal A.C., On Guard, Mar. 1998, Vol.6, No.12, p.3-5. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: cost of accidents; economic aspects; fatalities; labour inspection; legal aspects; mining industry; occupational accidents; responsibilities of employers; statistical trends; Zimbabwe. (72979)

CIS 99-843 Safety management in coal mines - Risk assessment. Niczyporuk Z.T., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.243-250. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Topics: coal mining; fatalities; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; occupational accidents; Poland. (73086)

CIS 99-844 Health and safety in construction. Der-Petrossian B., Journal of the Network of African Countries on Cost-effective Building Technologies, Dec. 1996, Vol.4, No.2, p.21-40. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: building industry; asbestos; lead; cement; chemical hazards; developing countries; first aid; flammable substances; harmful substances; hearing protection; lighting; limitation of exposure; noise control; personal protective equipment; physical hazards; respirators; safety and health engineering; thermal environment; welfare facilities; wood preservatives. (72957)

CIS 99-845 Fatalities and injuries in the Kuwaiti construction industry. Kartam N.A., Bouz R.G., Accident Analysis and Prevention, Nov. 1998, Vol.30, No.6, p.805-814. 11 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data on construction industry accidents in Kuwait indicates that construction is the most hazardous industry in the country. Construction accidents accounted for about 40% of all work-related deaths and 47% of all disabling injuries in the mid-1990s. Falling from a height appears to be the major cause of injuries and fatalities. Poor accident records and reporting systems hide the true extent of the problem. In addition, many people at management level are unaware of accident-related costs and the effectiveness of safety programmes in reducing construction project costs. Topics: causes of accidents; construction industry; economic aspects; epidemiologic study; falling objects; falls from heights; fatalities; injuries; Kuwait; manual handling; role of management. (72960)

CIS 99-846 Holes in construction sites. (Spanish: Huecos en obra) Tosal Suárez J.M., Fueyo Martín C., Pérez Sánchez L.M., Ruiz Barberán, Solar Viña M., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.115, p.15-19. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: construction industry; construction sites; falls from heights; protection against falls from heights; Spain; statistical evaluation; survey. (73052)

CIS 99-847 Comparison between two programmes for reducing levels of risk indicators of heart diseases among male professional drivers. Hedberg G.E., Wikström-Frisén L., Janlert U., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.554-561. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Professional drivers were allocated to one of two programmes focused on changes of lifestyle. The programme in the intervention group (health profile assessment) was based on revelatory communication, adjusted to the driver, and contained individual and group activities. The reference group went through a health examination. In the intervention group, the maximal oxygen uptake increased, as did exercise habits and the intention to practise good dietary habits. Variable working hours was the most common obstacle to changing a health habit. In the reference group, the maximal oxygen uptake increased and the concentration of serum cholesterol and the number of people who perceived stress and loneliness decreased. Both programmes had an effect on levels of some risk indicators of heart diseases. Topics: blood pressure measurement; cholesterol; diet; health programmes; heart diseases; oxygen intake; physical fitness programmes; programme evaluation; questionnaire survey; risk factors; road transport. (72945)

CIS 99-848 Health hazards detected in the tanning industry. (Spanish: Riesgos higiénicos detectados en la industria de curtidos) García García F., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.118, p.15-23. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: ammonium hydroxide; sulfur dioxide; hydrogen sulfide; chromium and compounds; exposure evaluation; harmful substances; health hazards; hides; leather; occupational health survey; risk factors; Spain; tanning industry; tanning. (73058)

CIS 99-849 Occupational health and safety performance in the hospitality industry: An audit of small business. Dunlea V., Farr T., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 1998, Vol.14, No.5, p.465-471. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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Occupational safety and health (OSH) performance was audited in 50 hospitality businesses with less than 100 employees in Queensland, Australia. OSH performance was generally poor across all sectors at the strategic, management and operational levels. Management commitment at the strategic and management levels appeared to be a key factor in the operational success of reducing the risk of injury or illness to workers or patrons. Topics: Australia; hotel industry; information of personnel; plant safety and health organization; role of management; safety and health training; small enterprises. (72793)

CIS 99-850 A LISREL analysis of work-related risk factors and health complaints in the nursing profession. Engels J.A., van der Beek A.J., van der Gulden J.W.J, International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1998, Vol.71, No.8, p.537-542. 31 ref. (In English)

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Attempts were made to fit a model which describes the complex interaction between various work-related factors and both musculoskeletal and psychosomatic complaints of nurses simultaneously and to compare the results with two models in which the health outcome variables are analysed separately. The LISREL statistical analysis package was used to analyse data obtained from a questionnaire survey of nurses in four Dutch nursing homes. The full model had a reasonable overall fit; the strongest correlations were found between work postures and musculoskeletal complaints and between psychosocial work demands and psychosomatic complaints. In the two single models, health outcomes showed significant correlations with the same work-related factors as they did in the full model. An adapted version of the full model suggests that musculoskeletal complaints of nurses can partly be understood as non-specific health complaints. Topics: mathematical models; mental stress; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; nursing personnel; psychosomatic disorders; questionnaire survey; risk factors; statistical evaluation; work posture. (72878)

CIS 99-851 Health reasons for leaving the profession as determined among Finnish hairdressers in 1980-1995. Leino T., Tuomi K., Paakkulainen H., Klockars M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.56-59. 18 ref. (In English)

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A self-administered questionnaire was used to provide data on 3484 female hairdressers with regard to their reasons for leaving the profession and 3357 referents engaged in commercial work. Of the reasons studied, only the concern for health increased the risk of leaving the profession among hairdressers. The risk of hairdressers having to leave the profession because of asthma or hand eczema was 3.5 times as great as that found among the control group; 2.7 times because of a strain injury of the wrist or elbow; and 1.7 times because of diseases of the neck or shoulders. The risk of leaving the profession was approximately 20% higher for hairdressers who had suffered at some point in their lives from an atopic disease. Active modes of intervention are needed to maintain work ability in the hairdressing profession. Topics: allergic rhinitis; asthma; change of employment; eczema; Finland; hairdressing; healthy worker effect; individual susceptibility; job-exposure relation; questionnaire survey; strain injuries; women. (72916)

CIS 99-852 Swimming instructors and life guards: A high rate of ocular and respiratory irritation signs. (French: Maîtres nageurs: un taux élevé de signes d'irritations oculaires et respiratoires) Massin N., Toamain J.P., Bohadana A., Héry M., Wild P., Travail et sécurité, May 1998, No.572, p.36-39. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: chlorine and compounds; chronic respiratory diseases; exposure evaluation; eye irritation; irritants; maximal expiratory flow; nitrogen chlorides; nitrogen trichloride; questionnaire survey; swimming pools; ventilatory capacity. (72939)

CIS 99-853 The costs of accidents and work-related ill-health to a cheque clearing department of a financial services organisation. Monnery N., Safety Science, Feb. 1999, Vol.31, No.1, p.59-69. 17 ref. (In English)

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A study in a cheque clearing department of a financial services organization showed that the total cost of accidents and work-related ill-health was not regarded as substantial and was unlikely to be a key motivating factor for improving health and safety management. Ill-health costs were far in excess of accident costs, the majority coming from upper limb symptoms, and were possibly underestimated. Results suggest that the nature of cheque clearing work does not create significant amounts of non-injury accidents. It was recommended that the costing data be used as part of a risk management approach to health and safety to help focus selective control programmes on the identified 'high cost' losses, i.e. upper limb symptoms. Topics: banking and insurance; cost of accidents; cost of diseases; economic aspects; office work; upper extremity disorders; workmen's compensation. (72962)

CIS 99-854 Injuries and illnesses among hospital workers in Ohio. Khuder S.A., Schaub E.A., Bisesi M.S., Krabill Z.T., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.53-59. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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All workers' compensation claims for 22 hospitals in Ohio during the period 1993-1996 were reviewed. The majority of the claims were for sprain and strain injuries. Most of the claims were approved. Back injury was the leading cause of injury in both genders, and females reported a significantly higher percentage of back injuries. The incidence rates for injuries and illnesses were lower than national rates for other industries. Generally, there was a downward trend in the number of claims during the study period. A negative linear trend in injury rates by hospital size was detected. There is a need for safety programmes, especially in smaller hospitals, to prevent sprain and strain injuries. Topics: backache; carpal-tunnel syndrome; epidemiologic study; health care personnel; hospitals; musculoskeletal diseases; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; Ohio; role of insurance institutions; role of management; sex-linked differences; shift work; sprains; strain injuries; USA; workmen's compensation. (73019)

CIS 99-855 Aspects of occupational health in a cohort of school employees. (Portuguese: Aspectos de saúde ocupacional de uma população de trabalhadores de colégios) Machado da Rosa N., Revista CIPA, June 1997, Vol.18, No.211, p.106-113. Illus. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: amblyopia; circulatory disorders; dysphonia; educational institutions; hazard evaluation; health hazards; hearing disorders; joint diseases; mental stress; neuropsychic stress; questionnaire survey; repetitive strain injury; sex-linked differences. (73021)

CIS 99-856 Hairdresser's eczema: A growing problem. (French: Eczéma du coiffeur: un problème d'actualité; German: Aktuelles zum Coiffeur-Ekzem) Rast H., Pasche-Koo F., Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 1999, No.71, p.31-36. Illus. 2 ref. (In French, German)

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Topics: phenylenediamine; glyceryl monothioglycolate; ammonium thioglycolate; ammonium persulfate; polyvinyl chloride; dyes; eczema; hair preparations; hairdressing; latex; nitrile rubber; protective gloves; round-up; sensitization; skin diseases; workmen's compensation. (73132)

CIS 99-857 The true nature of work in cemeteries. (Portuguese: A realidade do processo de trabalho vivenciado nos cemitérios) dos Santos R.V., Revista CIPA, Feb. 1998, Vol.19, No.219, p.48-63. Illus. 19 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: Brazil; conditions of work; gastrointestinal diseases; grave diggers; health hazards; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; respiratory diseases. (73026)

CIS 99-858 Adolescent occupational injuries: Texas, 1990-1996. Cooper S.P., Burau K.D., Robison T.B., Richardson S., Schnitzer P.G., Fraser J.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.43-50. 32 ref. (In English)

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Three data sources were used to investigate work-related injuries and deaths in Texas. There were 9,027 injuries for adolescents 14-17 years of age during slightly more than 5 years. Injuries for which indemnity payments were made (more than 7 days out of work) occurred among 21.7% of the adolescents. Of 992 non-fatal injuries involving days away from work, 35% were caused by contact with objects, 27% by bodily reaction, and 24% by falls. Two-thirds of these injuries occurred while working in eating and drinking places and grocery stores. Three-quarters of the 30 deaths from 1990-1995 were accounted for equally by motor vehicle and homicide. In conclusion, a substantial number of adolescents are injured or killed in the workplace each year in Texas. Although improved population-based surveillance is needed, sufficient knowledge exists to begin prevention efforts now. Topics: child labour; commuting accidents; compensation of occupational accidents; falls of persons; fatalities; housekeeping and restaurant services; injuries; occupational accidents; retail trade; statistics; Texas; USA; young persons. (73006)

CIS 99-859 Pregnant pause. Royle G., Occupational Health, Dec. 1998, Vol.50, No.12, p.21-23. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: biological hazards; chemical hazards; expectant mothers; hazard evaluation; health hazards; information of personnel; legislation; physical hazards; plant health services; United Kingdom. (72808)

CIS 99-860 Approved code of practice for safety and health in tree work. Part 3: River and stream operations. Hansen G., Bell L., Dunlop T., Occupational Safety & Health Service, Department of Labour, Wellington, New Zealand, Aug. 1998. 122p. Illus. Price: NZD 15.00., ISBN 0-477-03613-9 (In English)

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See CIS 95-199 for part 1: Arboriculture, and CIS 96-710 for part 2: Maintenance of trees around power lines. Topics: chain saws; directive; fire protection; flammable substances; forestry; glossary; New Zealand; personal protective equipment; power-driven hand tools; qualifications; safe working methods; safety and health training; safety guides; tree felling; tree pruning; water; work above water. (73037)

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CIS 99-861 Powder metallurgy and advanced technical ceramics: Occupational hazards and toxicity of selected compounds. Midtgård U., Nordic Council of Ministers, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1992. 36p. Illus. 124 ref., ISBN 87-7534-385-1 (In English)

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Topics: borides; carbides; carcinogenic effects; ceramic fibres; ceramic powders; health hazards; list of chemical substances; literature survey; manufacturing processes; metallic oxides; metals; nitrides; pneumoconiosis; powder metallurgy; respirable dust; respiratory diseases; sensitization; toxic substances. (72858)

CIS 99-862 Surface treatment and film deposition techniques: Occupational hazards and toxicity of selected compounds. Midtgård U., Nordic Council of Ministers, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1993. 32p. Illus. 114 ref., ISBN 87-7534-390-8 (In English)

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Topics: caustic substances; health hazards; irritation; literature survey; manufacturing processes; new technologies; respirable dust; spray coating; surface coating; toxic substances. (72859)

CIS 99-863 Fibre-reinforced plastics and advanced polymer composites: Occupational hazards and toxicity of selected compounds. Midtgård U., Nordic Council of Ministers, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1994. 76p. Illus. 391 ref., ISBN 87-7534-452-1 (In English)

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Topics: antifertility effects; carbon fibres; carcinogenic effects; dermatitis; glass fibre; hardeners; health hazards; irritation; list of chemical substances; literature survey; manufacturing processes; neurotoxic effects; organic solvents; plastics industry; plastics; polymers; reinforced plastics; respirable dust; sensitization; thermoplastics; thermosetting plastics; toxic substances. (72860)

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CIS 99-864 A collaborative European study of personal inhalable aerosol sampler performance. Kenny L.C., Aitken R., Chalmers C., Fabriès J.F., Gonzalez-Fernandez E., Kromhout H., Lidén G., Mark D., Riediger G., Prodi V., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Apr. 1997, Vol.41, No.2, p.135-153. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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Procedures recommended in a draft European standard for the performance of workplace aerosol sampling instruments were verified in relation to inhalable aerosol samplers. Several of the eight types of personal samplers tested performed adequately with respect to the inhalable sampling convention, at least over a limited range of typical working conditions. In general, the samplers performed best in low external wind speeds, which are the test conditions thought to be closest to those normally found in indoor workplaces. Summary test results are presented and recommendations for the revision of the standard are put forward. Topics: aerosols; CEN; comment on standard; comparative study; draft standard; evaluation of equipment; particle size distribution; personal sampling; respirable dust; sampling instruments; tests on models. (72811)

CIS 99-865 Development and testing of a new sampler for welding fume. Chung K.Y.K., Aitken R.J., Bradley D.R., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, June 1997, Vol.41, No.3, p.355-372. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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The development of a new sampler with an inhalable entry and a porous foam plug, which can partition the respirable and non-respirable fractions of the sampled air, is described. The sampler is designed to operate inside the welder's face shield, and its attachment configuration fulfils the requirements stated in the proposed European (CEN) standard for welding fume sampling. The aspiration efficiency agrees well with that of a breathing mannequin wearing a face shield, although it undersamples compared to the CEN inhalable convention in wind tunnel tests. The penetration of welding fume through the porous foam is consistently around 72%, comparable to that through a conventional personal cyclone. Field trials have indicated that the sampler does not obstruct nodal work activity or vision. The new sampler has been included in the proposed European standard. Topics: accuracy; aerosols; air sampling; CEN; comment on standard; description of equipment; evaluation of equipment; personal sampling; respirable dust; sampling instruments; welding fumes. (72818)

CIS 99-866 Activities likely to give rise to asbestos dust: New rules. (French: Travaux susceptibles d'émettre de la poussière d'amiante: nouvelles règles) Beaudry C., Travail et santé, Dec. 1997, Vol.13, No.4, p.12-15. 9 ref. (In French)

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Topics: amosite; asbestos cement; asbestos removal; asbestos; building materials; Canada; comment on directive; construction sites; crocidolite; danger zones; decontamination (personal); demolition; determination in air; enclosure; information of personnel; legislation; locker rooms; personal protective equipment; prohibition of use; protective clothing; respirable dust. (72931)

CIS 99-867 Development of respirable aerosol samplers using porous foams. Chen C.C., Lai C.Y., Shih T.S., Yeh W.Y., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1998, Vol.59, No.11, p.766-773. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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An aerosol sampler was developed to meet the performance requirements of current international standards with respect to aerosol size selection and respirable fraction. Combinations of foams of different nominal sizes and thicknesses were used. A foam disc 25mm in diameter was placed in a sampling cowl and an aerodynamic particle sizer and an aerosizer were calibrated and used to measure the aerosol number concentrations and size distributions upstream and downstream of the foams. The sampling efficiency data showed that the 50% cutoff size could be met for foams in series, but that the slope of the penetration curve remained sharper than the new definition. Foams in parallel showed greater flexibility and many of the combinations flattened the slope, closer to that of the new international respirable convention. The sampler may be adapted to fit the capacity of personal sampling pumps. Topics: aerodynamic size; aerosols; air sampling; description of technique; dust measurement; evaluation of technique; exposure evaluation; graphic determination; particle size distribution; particle size; respirable dust; standardization; taking of samples. (72984)

CIS 99-868 Occupational exposure to asbestos in Brazil. (Portuguese: Exposiçõnes ocupacionais ao amianto no Brasil) Giannasi F., Thébaud-Mony A., Revista CIPA, Oct. 1997, Vol.18, No.215, p.102-110. Illus. 7 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: asbestos processing industry; asbestos; asbestosis; Brazil; conditions of work; developing countries; legal aspects; limitation of exposure; lung cancer; mesothelioma; personal protective equipment; threshold limit values. (73022)

CIS 99-869 The management of hazardous substances in small business in Western Australia. Howell J., Spickett J., Hudson K., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 1998, Vol.14, No.5, p.457-463. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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A study of 50 small enterprises in Western Australia showed that, overall, awareness and an adequate understanding of hazardous substances seemed quite low, with management systems being largely non-existent. A number of strategies based on practicability, acceptability and likely effectiveness are suggested. Topics: Australia; chemical safety; dangerous substances; disposal of harmful waste; harmful substances; information of personnel; risk awareness; role of management; safe working methods; safety and health training; small enterprises; storage; survey. (72792)

CIS 99-870 Allergic contact dermatitis from a diisocyanate in wool processing. Thompson T., Belsito D.V., Contact Dermatitis, Nov. 1997, Vol.37, No.5, p.239. 7 ref. (In English)

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Topics: triethylenetetramine; methylenebis(4-cyclohexyl isocyanate); case study; eczema; isocyanates; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin tests; wool industry. (72802)

CIS 99-871 Immediate skin and mucosal symptoms from pot plants and vegetables in gardeners and greenhouse workers. Paulsen E., Skov P.S., Andersen K.E., Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1998, Vol.39, No.4, p.166-170. 21 ref. (In English)

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Short-lived occupational skin symptoms of an irritant or urticarial nature were commonly reported among 253 gardeners and greenhouse workers. In tests for immediate skin and mucosal symptoms, 33% of those tested had at least one positive reaction, and a family history of, or personal, atopy was significantly more prevalent among these workers compared to those with negative reactions. Positive histamine release tests indicated a possible immunologic aetiology in reactions to some species of plants. Because of the high prevalence of short-lived skin symptoms and because contact urticaria may present itself as a dermatitis, it is recommended that patch tests should be supplemented with tests for immediate reactions. Topics: allergy tests; eczema; epidemiologic study; flower and perfume-plant growing; histamine release; horticulture; hypersensitivity; irritation; plants; skin allergies; skin tests; urticaria. (72803)

CIS 99-872 Contact allergy to methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and cobalt in the manufacture of fibreglass-reinforced plastics. Bhushan M., Craven N.M., Beck M.H., Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1998, Vol.39, No.4, p.203. 6 ref. (In English)

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Topics: butanone peroxide; cobalt; case study; eczema; epoxy resins; glass fibre reinforced plastics; moulding of plastics; personal protective equipment; protective gloves; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin tests. (72804)

CIS 99-873 Allergic contact dermatitis in food handlers, with patch tests positive to Compositae mix but negative to sesquiterpene lactone mix. Shum K.W., English J.S.C., Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1998, Vol.39, No.4, p.207-208. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: case study; eczema; food industry; lactones; plants; sensitization dermatitis; sesquiterpenes; skin allergies; skin tests; vegetables. (72805)

CIS 99-874 Development of a model to predict air contaminant concentrations following indoor spills of volatile liquids. Reinke P.H., Brosseau L.M., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Aug. 1997, Vol.41, No.4, p.415-435. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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A personal computer spreadsheet model which predicts air contaminant concentrations following indoor spills of volatile liquids has been developed. Three mass transfer models are compared for predicting evaporative flux in the model and two methods of predicting spill temperature during evaporation are presented. Dispersion is approximated in the model as a well-mixed room with short-circuiting. Calculations of room concentration, spill pool surface temperature and spill area are made at consecutive 20s intervals following the spill. Model predictions are compared with concentration measurements made after two test spills in a laboratory. The model gives a good first estimate of room concentration, performing best when the spill is assumed to be isothermal and the Penetration Theory or Mackay and Matsugu methods are used to predict evaporation rate. Topics: air temperature; computer applications; determination in air; evaporation; experimental determination; mathematical models; prediction of concentration; spills; volatile substances. (72821)

CIS 99-875 Reduction in the legal alcohol limit: What consequences for workers occupationally exposed to chemical products?. (French: Diminution du taux légal d'alcoolémie: quelles incidences pour les salariés professionnellement exposés aux produits chimiques?) Pillière F., Falcy M., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.69, p.3-12. 31 ref. (In French)

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Topics: alcohols; ethyl acetate; ethanol; methanol; isopropyl alcohol; propanol; butyl alcohol; determination in blood; determination in exhaled air; drug testing; France; interferences; legislation; metabolic process. (72831)

CIS 99-876 Control of asbestos hazards in garages. (French: Prévention du risque amiante dans les garages) Cattiau P., Lasfargues G., Barbieux C., Brizard A., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.69, p.37-43. 19 ref. (In French)

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Topics: asbestos; brake linings; bronchial cancer; dust control; exposure evaluation; health engineering; health hazards; job-exposure relation; lung cancer; medical supervision; pleural mesothelioma; respirable dust; respirators; risk factors; substitution; vehicle repair and servicing. (72833)

CIS 99-877 Validity of spot urine samples as a surrogate measure of 24-hour porphyrin excretion rates. Woods J.S., Martin M.D., Leroux B.G., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1090-1101. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

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This study tested the validity of using the spot urine sample as a surrogate measure of 24h porphyrin, mercury and creatinine concentrations among 146 dentists exposed to low levels of mercury vapour. Results support the view that spot urine samples may be used to derive reasonably accurate estimates of 24h porphyrin and mercury excretion rates in male subjects. In contrast, time of day appears to be of considerably greater importance when spot samples are used as 24h estimates of either porphyrin or mercury excretion rates among females. Additionally, time of day may be an important consideration in studies involving serial (repeated) porphyrin or mercury measurements using spot urine samples, irrespective of gender distribution of study subjects. Topics: mercury; cohort study; coproporphyrins; creatinine excretion; dental services; determination in urine; porphyrin metabolism; porphyrins; sex-linked differences; urinary excretion. (72847)

CIS 99-878 Benzene: Analysis of the use of leukocyte counts to detect effects in exposed workers. Van Damme K., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.2, No.3, Supplement, p.S6-S9. 17 ref. (In English)

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Topics: benzene; blood count; exposure tests; haematological changes; leukocytes; medical supervision; pre-employment medical examinations. (72861)

CIS 99-879 Safety in chemical cleaning. French M.A., Safety and Health Practitioner, Dec. 1998, Vol.16, No.12, p.14-16. Illus. 4 ref. (In English)

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Safety precautions during the chemical cleaning of boilers, pipelines, tanks and vessels are outlined. Factors considered include construction of temporary pipework and connections, choice of chemicals, handling chemical containers, safety and environmental management, procedures, training and fire hazards. Topics: fire hazards; handling and storage; maintenance; pickling; piping; safe working methods; safety engineering; storage tanks; toxic substances. (72873)

CIS 99-880 Sister chromatid exchange induced by chromium compounds in human lymphocytes. Lai J.S., Kwo H.W., Liao F.C., Lien C.H., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1998, Vol.71, No.8, p.550-553. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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In a study of chromium and nickel-chromium electroplating workers, blood and urine chromium concentrations were highest among chromium workers, next highest among nickel-chromium workers and lowest among a non-exposed control group. After adjustment for smoking, values of sister chromatid exchange (SCE)/cell followed a similar pattern. Among smokers with high levels of chromium exposure, a synergistic effect resulted: percentages of high-frequency cells were higher in this group than in any other. Analysis of SCE in lymphocytes is useful for the evaluation of the biological effects of environmental mutagens. Topics: analysis of chromosome aberrations; nickel; case-control study; chromium and compounds; chromosome changes; determination in blood; determination in urine; electroplating; genetic effects; length of exposure; lymphocytes; mutagens; smoking; synergism. (72879)

CIS 99-881 Changes in the classification of carcinogenic chemicals in the work area - Section III of the German list of MAK and BAT values. Neumann H.G., Vamvakas S., Thielmann H.W., Gelbke H.P., Filser J.G., Reuter U., Greim H., Kappus H., Norpoth K.H., Wardenbach P., Wichmann H.E., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1998, Vol.71, No.8, p.566-574. 36 ref. (In English)

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Carcinogenic chemicals in the work area are currently classified into three categories in section III of the German List of MAK and BAT values (list of values on maximum workplace concentrations and biological tolerance for occupational exposures). On the basis of advancing knowledge of reaction mechanisms and the potency of carcinogens, these three categories are now supplemented with two additional categories. The essential feature of substances classified in the new categories is that exposure to these chemicals does not contribute significantly to risk of cancer in man, provided that an appropriate exposure limit (MAK value) is observed. The basis for a better differentiation of carcinogens is discussed, the new categories are defined and possible criteria for classification are described. Topics: biological threshold limits; carcinogenic effects; carcinogens; styrene; dioxane; classification systems; classification; genetic effects; Germany; hazard evaluation; threshold limit values. (72880)

CIS 99-882 Exposure-response relationships in rhinitis and conjunctivitis caused by methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride. Yokota K., Johyama Y., Yamaguchi K., Takeshita T., Morimoto K., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.14-18. 17 ref. (In English)

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Workers from 2 condenser plants using epoxy resin with methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) underwent a questionnaire survey and serology investigations. In all, 65% of workers studied in plant A and 66% in plant B had positive MTHPA-specific IgE. IgE-sensitized workers in each plant had significantly more eye and nasal complaints than did unsensitized workers, suggesting that there is an IgE-mediated mechanism in most of these symptoms. 15% of symptomatic workers in plant B often displayed work-related symptoms, as compared with 73% of the symptomatic workers in plant A. These results can be explained by the difference in MTHPA levels measured in the two plants. In plant B the minimum level of MTHPA that was associated with work-related symptoms was 15-22µg/m³, which was lower than the geometric mean levels detected in assembly and inspection lines in plant A. These levels suggest that MTHPA exposure at levels above 15µg/m³ should be avoided to prevent occupational allergic diseases. Topics: capacitors; methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride; conjunctivitis; dose-response relationship; immunoglobulin changes; immunoglobulins; limitation of exposure; rhinitis; threshold limit values. (72912)

CIS 99-883 Liver function in workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide during the production of synthetic textiles. Wrbitzky R., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.19-25. Illus. 49 ref. (In English)

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The hepatotoxic effects of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and the combination effects of DMF exposure and ethyl alcohol consumption were investigated in 126 male employees of a synthetic fibres production factory. DMF concentrations in air ranged from < 0.1 to 37.9ppm. Concentrations of the DMF metabolite N-methylformamide (NMF) in urine were 0.05-22.0mg/L (preshift) and 0.9-100.0mg/L (postshift), corresponding to 0.02-44.6mg/g creatinine (preshift) and 0.4-62.3mg/g creatinine (postshift). The results indicate a statistically significant toxic influence of DMF on liver function. Alcohol has a synergistic effect. The effects of DMF and of alcohol are dose-dependent. Experience gained from former occupational health surveillance in DMF-exposed persons and from the present study show that there are individual differences in tolerance of interactions between DMF and ethyl alcohol. Further studies are necessary for the evaluation of these individual degrees of susceptibility. Topics: alcoholism; dimethylformamide; cross-sectional study; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; hepatotoxic effects; liver function tests; metabolic process; synergism; synthetic fibre industry. (72913)

CIS 99-884 Allergic contact dermatitis from colour developers used in automated photographic processing. Marconi P.M.B., Campagna G., Fabri G., Schiavino D., Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1999, Vol.40, No.2, p.109. 6 ref. (In English)

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Topics: case study; developers; eczema; photographic chemicals; photography; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies. (72919)

CIS 99-885 Field of application of Title VII of D.Lgs 626/94: Procedure for updating the list of carcinogens. (Italian: Campo di applicazione del titolo VII del D.Lgs 626/94: Procedure per l'aggiornamento dell'elenco degli agenti cancerogeni) Mucci N., Papale A., Molinaro V., Palmi S., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997. Vol.10, No.4, p.3-14. Illus. 23 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: carcinogens; classification; comment on directive; Italy; legislation; list of chemical substances. (72922)

CIS 99-886 Breather beware: Chemical sensitivity may result from stress, learned behaviour, or a new disease process. Wilkinson S.L., Chemical and Engineering News, 21 Sep. 1998, Vol.76, No.38, p.57-67. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: aetiology; allergens; environmental illness; harmful substances; hypersensitivity; neuropsychic stress; psychosomatic disorders; sensitization; volatile substances. (72930)

CIS 99-887 Silicosis and sandblasting. (French: Silicose et sablage au jet) Giroux D., Roy M., Fortier L., Travail et santé, Dec. 1997, Vol.13, No.4, p.S-25 to S-28. Illus. 9 ref. (In French)

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Topics: abrasives; silica; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; implementation of control measures; Quebec; questionnaire survey; risk awareness; risk factors; sandblasting; silicosis; wet blasting. (72932)

CIS 99-888 Road transportation of dangerous goods: Quantitative risk assessment and route comparison. Cassini P., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Aug. 1998, Vol.61, No.1-3, p.133-138. Illus. (In English)

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A quantitative risk assessment approach is described for dealing with accident scenarios likely to occur during the transportation of dangerous goods by road. Techniques are described for determining the probabilities and consequences of an accident, minimizing the risk between alternative routes and judging the acceptability of risk on a route. Topics: computer analysis; computerized data bases; dangerous substances; hazard evaluation; mathematical models; probability analysis; road transport. (72953)

CIS 99-889 Risk analysis of hazardous materials transportation: Evaluating uncertainty by means of fuzzy logic. Bonvicini S., Leonelli P., Spadoni G., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Sep. 1998, Vol.62, No.1, p.59-74. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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A new methodology for evaluating uncertainty in risk assessment is presented based on fuzzy logic. The technique is applied to risk estimation for the transport of hazardous materials by road and pipeline. The fundamentals of the mathematical procedures which perform the risk calculations are described, some basic concepts about fuzzy logic and fuzzy arithmetic are introduced and an explanation of how the uncertain input data can be represented by fuzzy numbers is made. Finally, test results of combined uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in the risk evaluation of a toxic gas release are presented and discussed. Topics: computer analysis; dangerous substances; graphic determination; hazard evaluation; mathematical models; road transport; transport by pipeline. (72954)

CIS 99-890 Environmental aspects of manufacturing and use of asbestos products. Commins B., Journal of the Network of African Countries on Cost-effective Building Technologies, Dec. 1996, Vol.4, No.2, p.9-20. 27 ref. (In English)

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Topics: asbestos cement industry; asbestos mining; asbestos processing industry; asbestos removal; asbestos; building materials; demolition; developing countries; disposal of harmful waste; dust measurement; environmental pollution; health hazards; limitation of exposure; lung cancer; mesothelioma. (72956)

CIS 99-891 Formation of hazardous compounds by unwanted reactions in industrial accidents. Cozzani V., Smeder M., Zanelli S., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Dec. 1998, Vol.63, No.2-3, p.131-142. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Details of 78 industrial accidents involving "unwanted reactions" were analysed. The chemical systems involved and the hazardous substances formed were identified, and the process operations during which the accidents took place and the immediate causes of the accidents were examined. Simple criteria for the identification of hazard conditions with respect to "unwanted reaction" accidents were derived from the hazardous substances classification given in European Council Directive 67/548/EEC (CIS 92-23). The validity of these criteria was verified using the data on accidental events. Topics: analysis of accident causes; chemical hazards; chemical reactions; dangerous substances; hazard criteria; hazard evaluation; list of chemical substances. (72982)

CIS 99-892 Relationship between benzo[a]pyrene and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a Söderberg primary aluminum smelter. Farant J.P., Gariépy M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1998, Vol.59, No.11, p.758-765. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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Air samples were collected at various sites in a primary aluminium smelter over a period of four years. There was an excellent relationship between concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). B[a]P was also a good indicator for individual PAHs in coal tar pitch volatiles. B[a]P relative abundance ratios (PAH/B[a]P), derived on the basis of this relationship, showed remarkable stability as long as electrolytic process conditions were not changed. In the absence of any such changes, these values could allow retrospective estimates to be made of the concentration of any of the 18 PAHs selected or total PAHs based solely on the concentration of B[a]P measured at a given site. When combined with B[a]P relative potency factors, these values yield B[a]P toxic equivalent concentrations for any sites where B[a]P levels are known. This parameter provides a viable alternative to all other means of assessing exposure to a complex mix such as PAHs. Topics: air sampling; aluminium industry; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzo(a)pyrene; determination in air; exposure evaluation; personal sampling; polycyclic hydrocarbons; sampling and analysis; smelting plants. (72983)

CIS 99-893 Effects of pesticides on the auditory system of agricultural workers. (Portuguese: Efeitos dos agrotóxicos no sistema auditivo dos trabalhadores rurais) Fernandes Teixera C., de Fátima Brandão M., Revista CIPA, Jan. 1998, Vol.19, No.218, p.46-54. Illus. 28 ref. (In Portuguese)

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Topics: agriculture; audiometric tests; Brazil; developing countries; hearing disorders; hearing loss; pesticide poisoning; pesticides; questionnaire survey. (73024)

CIS 99-894 Prevention of the risk of n-hexane polyneuropathy in the shoe industry. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgo de polineuropatía por n-hexano en la industria del calzado) Roel J.M., Sánchez J.M., Quintanilla T., Marhuenda D., Prieto M.J., Cardona A., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.118, p.33-39. Illus. 27 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: hexane; diseases of nervous system; exposure evaluation; implementation of control measures; leather goods industry; medical supervision; plant health supervision; shoe industry. (73060)

CIS 99-895 Internal exposure of waste incineration workers to organic and inorganic substances. Wrbitzky R., Göen T., Letzel S., Frank F., Angerer J., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1995, Vol.68, p.13-21. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; 1-hydroxypyrene; chlorinated organic compounds; determination in blood; determination in urine; exposure tests; harmful substances; incinerators; industrial waste; job-exposure relation; metals; urinary metabolites; waste disposal. (73088)

CIS 99-896 Brain cancer and occupational exposure to lead. Cocco P., Dosemeci M., Heineman E.F., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.40, No.11, p.937-942. 26 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data from the death certificates of 27,060 brain cancer cases showed that brain cancer risk increased by probability of exposure to lead among white men and women with high-level exposure, with a significant twofold excess among white men with high probability and high level of exposure. Risks were also elevated for African-American men with high-level exposure. Although exposure assessment was based solely on the occupation and industry reported on the death certificate, these results add to other epidemiologic and experimental findings in lending some support to the hypothesis of an association between occupational exposure to lead and brain cancer risk. Topics: brain cancer; case-control study; exposure evaluation; lead and compounds; mortality; race-linked differences; sex-linked differences. (72796)

CIS 99-897 Lead concentrations in human plasma, urine and whole blood. Bergdahl I.A., Schütz A., Gerhardsson L., Jensen A., Skerfving S., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.359-363. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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The concentration of lead in human plasma (P-Pb) was investigated in relation to blood-lead levels (B-Pb) and urinary lead (U-Pb). Blood samples were obtained from 145 male workers, 110 of whom were employed in lead work. P-Pb was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The detection limit was 0.04µg/L, and the imprecision was 5%. The low detection limit and good precision of P-Pb determination make it possible to use P-Pb in assessments of lead exposure and risk. Furthermore, in relative terms, P-Pb is a more sensitive measure than B-Pb, especially at high lead levels. Topics: accuracy; blood plasma; lead; determination in blood; determination in urine; evaluation of technique; exposure tests. (72828)

CIS 99-898 Reproductive hormone profile among pesticide factory workers. Padungtod C., Lasley B.L., Christiani D.C., Ryan L.M., Xu X., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1038-1047. Illus. 38 ref. (In English)

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In a study of pesticide factory workers exposed to organophosphate pesticides, there was a negative correlation between urinary levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sperm count and between urinary FSH level and sperm concentration. Pesticide exposure alone was associated with serum level of luteinizing hormone (LH) but not with serum FSH or testosterone or with any urinary hormone levels. With adjustment for age, rotating shift work, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, exposure increased serum LH level; serum FSH level was slightly elevated and the serum testosterone level was decreased with increasing exposure. Age and rotating shift work appeared to act as confounders. It was concluded that organophosphate pesticides have a small effect on male reproductive hormones, suggestive of a secondary hormonal disturbance after testicular damage. Topics: antifertility effects; case-control study; determination in blood; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; hormone secretion; hormones; organophosphorus compounds; pesticide production; smoking; spermatogenic disturbances; testosterone. (72841)

CIS 99-899 Plasma Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein expression in vinyl chloride monomer workers in Taiwan. Luo J.C.J., Liu H.T., Cheng T.J., Du C.L., Wang J.D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1053-1058. 19 ref. (In English)

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Enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting was used to detect Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein in the serum of workers exposed to vinyl chloride. This oncoprotein has been associated with the development of liver angiosarcoma. 12.4% of exposed workers were positive for the Asp13-Ki-ras oncoprotein in plasma (none of the 18 controls tested positive). 14.5% of the more highly exposed workers were plasma-positive, and 9.1% of the lesser exposed. There was a linear trend between exposure and plasma-positivity. Topics: vinyl chloride; chemical industry; cohort study; determination in blood; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; liver cancer; serum protein changes; Taiwan (China). (72843)

CIS 99-900 Eruptive cherry angiomas and irritant symptoms after one acute exposure to the glycol ether solvent 2-butoxyethanol. Raymond L.W., Williford L.S., Burke W.A., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1059-1064. 23 ref. (In English)

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Seven clerical workers were evaluated eight months after exposure to vapourized 2-butoxyethanol which had been applied overnight to clean an office floor. Four months after exposure, cherry angiomas began to appear on the bodies of six workers. Medical examination found no evidence of hematologic, liver, lung or renal toxicity, but elevations in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and blood pressure of each subject were found. While irritant symptoms abated and the mild hypertension cleared, new cherry angiomas continued to appear five years after acute exposure, and the original ones persisted. The angiomas appear to have resulted from a single overexposure to 2-butoxyethanol. Topics: angiomas; butoxyethanol; eye irritation; glycol ethers; hypertension; irritation; short-term exposure; skin eruption; symptoms. (72844)

CIS 99-901 Biomarkers in surveillance of workers exposed to cadmium. Bernard A., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.2, No.3, Supplement, p.S33-S36. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Topics: cadmium and compounds; determination in biological matter; determination in blood; determination in urine; enzyme activity determination; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; medical supervision; nephrotoxic effects. (72863)

CIS 99-902 Biological monitoring of lead-exposed workers. Aitio A., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, July-Sep. 1996, Vol.2, No.3, Supplement, p.S37-S41. 84 ref. (In English)

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Topics: lead; determination in biological matter; determination in blood; exposure tests; free erythrocyte porphyrin determination; literature survey; medical supervision; medico-legal aspects; neurological effects; neuropsychic effects. (72864)

CIS 99-903 Biological monitoring of controlled toluene exposure. Pierce C.H., Dills R.L., Morgan M.S., Vicini P., Kalman D.A., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.71, No.7, p.433-444. Illus. 75 ref. (In English)

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To determine the best biological indicator of toluene exposure, blood and alveolar breath concentrations of toluene and excretion rates of urinary metabolites (hippuric acid and cresols) were examined in 33 controlled human inhalation exposures to 50ppm for 2h. o-Cresol was least influenced by background contributions, whereas the p-cresol and hippuric acid rates were obscured by endogenous and dietary sources. Toluene levels in alveolar breath proved to be the most accurate and noninvasive indicator of the absorbed dose. Topics: toluene; hippuric acid; cresols; determination in biological matter; determination in blood; determination in exhaled air; determination in urine; exposure tests; human experiments; mathematical models; subject variability; urinary excretion; urinary metabolites. (72866)

CIS 99-904 Metabolic interferences in subjects occupationally exposed to binary styrene-acetone mixtures. Apostoli P., Alessandro G., Placidi D., Alessio L., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.71, No.7, p.445-452. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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The excretion of styrene metabolites (mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA)) was investigated in plastic manufacturing workers to verify the possible influence of coexposure to acetone on styrene metabolism. Amounts of MA and PGA did not differ in groups with different levels of acetone exposure, but when the acetone air concentration increased, the degree of correlation between styrene and MA and PGA decreased. Coexposure to acetone levels similar to those described here may hamper the use of urinary metabolites for the assessment of exposure to styrene, especially on an individual basis. Topics: acetone; styrene; phenylglyoxylic acid; mandelic acid; determination in air; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; exposure tests; metabolic process; plastics industry; synergism; urinary metabolites. (72867)

CIS 99-905 Prevalence and incidence of hand dermatitis in hairdressing apprentices: Results of the POSH study. Uter W., Pfahlberg A., Gefeller O, Schwanitz H.J., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.71, No.7, p.487-492. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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A cohort of 2352 hairdressing apprentices was prospectively followed for the three years of their vocational training. The point prevalence of (mostly slight) irritant skin changes of the hands increased from 35.4% to 55.1% during the period. Given a more conservative definition of a case of "hand dermatitis", these estimates increased from 12.9% to 23.9%. Results appear to lie in a range similar to those found in other, smaller cohort studies. Compared with an external control group of office apprentices, the incidence of hand dermatitis was several times higher in the hairdressing apprentices, suggesting a high risk for skin damage in this occupation. Topics: cohort study; dermatitis; hairdressing; hand; irritation; morbidity; skin diseases. (72868)

CIS 99-906 Nasal symptoms and indices of nasal inflammation in flour-dust exposed bakers. Brisman J., Torén K., Lillienberg L., Karlsson G., Ahlstedt S., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1998, Vol.71, No.8, p.525-532. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 12 flour-exposed bakers, 10 reported at least one nasal symptom. Bakers with nasal symptoms had higher concentrations of markers of inflammation in nasal lavage tests compared with nonsymptomatic bakers. Results indicate that flour dust exposure in bakers at levels below the current occupational exposure limit may cause a nonallergic inflammation in the nasal mucosa characterized by activation of neutrophils and fibroblasts. This inflammation causes nasal symptoms. In some cases, the exposure will lead to sensitization to flour and an allergic inflammation involving nasal eosinophils and also causing nasal symptoms. Topics: allergic rhinitis; bakery products industry; case-control study; diseases of nose and sinuses; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; flour; inflammations; respirable dust; rhinitis; sensitization; symptoms. (72877)

CIS 99-907 An epidemic of occupational contact dermatitis from an immersion oil for microscopy in laboratory personnel. Le Croz C.J., Coninx D., Van Rengen A., El Aboubi S., Ducombs G., Benz M.H., Boursier S., Avenel-Audran M., Verret J.L., Erikstam U., Bruze M., Goossens A., Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1999, Vol.40, No.2, p.77-83. lllus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Since November 1997, 14 successive cases of occupational contact dermatitis were observed in 13 technicians and 1 physician working in different laboratories. The dermatitis, located on the hands, forearms and face, erupted after each exposure to an immersion oil for microscopy. Patch tests were positive for epoxy resin (ER) in the European standard series (10/10 patients) and to a newly formulated Leica (TM) immersion oil (7/7 patients). 2 patients tested with individual ingredients of the oil demonstrated sensitization to liquid modified ER components, contained at >80% concentration in the oil, including bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. This report of epidemic contact dermatitis from ERs, used in an immersion oil for microscopy, emphasizes the need for perpetual vigilance in occupational medicine and the usefulness of multicentre contacts in dermato-allergology. Topics: bisphenol a diglycidyl ether; case study; eczema; epoxy resins; high performance chromatography; laboratory work; microscopic determination; sensitization; skin allergies; skin tests; thin-layer chromatography. (72917)

CIS 99-908 Increase in occupational skin diseases of dental personnel. Kanerva L., Lahtinen A., Toikkanen J., Forss H., Estlander T., Susitaival P., Jolanki R., Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1999, Vol.40, No.2, p.104-108. 23 ref. (In English)

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Records of occupational diseases of dentists and dental nurses over 3 3-year periods were studied to determine the relative risk of developing occupational allergic contact dermatitis. During the 9 observation years (1982-1984, 1986-1988, and 1992-1994) the majority of registered occupational diseases of dentists and dental nurses were skin diseases, followed by occupational repetitive strain injuries and occupational respiratory diseases.The incidence rate (IR) for allergic contact dermatoses/10,000 workers (contact urticaria included) increased from 26 in 1982-1984 to 79 in 1992-1994. The IR/10,000 of allergic contact dermatoses increased especially for dentists, from 5.4 in 1982 to 67 in 1992-1994. The increase for dental nurses was smaller: from 43 in 1982-1984 to 87 in 1992-1994. The most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis were plastics, disinfectants and antimicrobials, rubber chemicals, and mercury/mercury salts. The most common causes of irritant contact dermatitis were detergents, wet and dirty work, plastics chemicals and antimicrobials. Currently, Finnish dentists have the highest risk and dental nurses have the 4th highest risk of any occupation for developing occupational allergic contact dermatitis. Topics: dental assistants; dental services; detergents; eczema; irritants; methacrylates; natural rubber; plastics; rubber chemicals; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; skin diseases; urticaria. (72918)

CIS 99-909 Pulpitis of the fingers from a shoe glue containing 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT). Ayadi M., Martin P., Contact Dermatitis, Feb. 1999, Vol.40, No.2, p.115-116. 16 ref. (In English)

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Topics: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; adhesives; case study; fingers; irritants; natural rubber; shoe industry; skin allergies; skin microtrauma; skin tests. (72920)

CIS 99-910 Occurrence of self reported hand eczema in Swedish bakers. Brisman J., Meding B., Järvholm B., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.750-754. 23 ref. (In English)

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In a retrospective cohort study of 2,923 Swedish bakers, the incidence of hand eczema among males was 16.7 cases/1,000 person-years, compared with 4.4-5.4 among male controls. The corresponding figures for women were 34.4 compared with 11.3-14.1. Skin atopy increased the incidence about threefold and a synergistic effect of atopy and exposure was indicated. Also, bakers had changed job significantly more often than controls. Topics: bakery products industry; change of employment; eczema; frequency rates; hand; individual susceptibility; questionnaire survey. (72966)

CIS 99-911 Mortality and cancer incidence in Swedish battery workers exposed to cadmium and nickel. Järup L., Bellander T., Hogstedt C., Spång G., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.755-759. 24 ref. (In English)

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In a long-term study of battery workers exposed to nickel hydroxide and cadmium oxide, there was an increased overall risk for lung cancer. No exposure-response relation was observed between cumulative exposure and risk of lung cancer. There was a highly significant risk of cancer of the nose and nasal sinuses, which may have been caused by exposure to nickel or cadmium or a combination of both exposures. Topics: battery and dry cell manufacture; cadmium; cancer; nickel; cohort study; latency; length of exposure; lung cancer; morbidity; mortality; nasal cancer. (72967)

CIS 99-912 Lung cancer and mesothelioma in the pleura and peritoneum among Swedish insulation workers. Järvholm B., Sandén Å., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.766-770. 15 ref. (In English)

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Cancer morbidity and cause of death was investigated in 248 Swedish insulation workers some years after their exposure to asbestos had stopped. Although exposure to asbestos of all types had almost ended in Sweden in the mid-1970s, these workers still had a highly increased risk of diseases related to asbestos in the 1980s and early 1990s. The attributable risk for death and cancer was about 50%. Results also confirm the previous finding that mesothelioma in insulation workers seems to be situated in the peritoneum more often than in the pleura. Topics: asbestos; cohort study; insulating work; lung cancer; mesothelioma; morbidity; mortality; peritoneal mesothelioma; pleural mesothelioma. (72968)

CIS 99-913 Crystalline silica and risk of lung cancer in the potteries. Cherry N.M., Burgess G.L., Turner S., McDonald J.C., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.779-785. 12 ref. (In English)

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In a cohort of 5,115 men employed in the pottery, refractory and sandstone industries of Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom, standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) calculated against mortalities for the region were raised for all causes, for lung cancer and for non-malignant respiratory diseases. Average concentration and duration of exposure to silica were, taken together, significantly related to the presence of small opacities. The association between risk of lung cancer and quantitative estimates of silica exposure supports the SMR analysis and implies that crystalline silica may well be a human carcinogen. Topics: silica; cohort study; confounding factors; exposure evaluation; job-exposure relation; length of exposure; lung cancer; mortality; opacities; pottery industry. (72969)

CIS 99-914 Asthma-like symptoms, atopy, and bronchial responsiveness in furniture workers. Talini D., Monteverdi A., Benvenuti A., Petrozzino M., Di Pede F., Lemmi M., Carletti A., Macchioni P., Serretti N., Viegi G., Paggiaro P., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.786-791. 31 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 296 furniture workers, the prevalence of attacks of shortness of breath with wheezing and of dyspnoea was higher in spray painters than in woodworkers or assemblers. The difference in prevalence of respiratory symptoms among job titles was due to the atopic subjects, who showed a higher prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in spray painters than in the other groups. The prevalence of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity showed no significant differences among groups. Painters in the furniture industry, particularly atopic subjects, are at higher risk of asthma-like symptoms than other job titles. In these workers, asthma-like symptoms are more sensitive than non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity in detecting a negative effect of exposure. Topics: asthma; tolylene diisocyanate; dyspnoea; epidemiologic study; furniture industry; hypersensitivity; individual susceptibility; occupation disease relation; organic solvents; paint spraying; respiratory impairment; ventilatory capacity; wood dust. (72970)

CIS 99-915 Organochlorine exposure and risk of breast cancer. Høyer A.P., Grandjean P., Jørgensen T., Brock J.W., Hartvig H.B., Lancet, Dec. 1998, Vol.352, No.9143, p.1816-1820. 29 ref. (In English)

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Serum concentrations of several organochlorine compounds were measured in 240 women with breast cancer and in 477 controls. Dieldrin was associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer. Β-hexachlorocyclohexane increased risk slightly. There was no overall association between risk of breast cancer and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane or metabolites or for polychlorinated biphenyls. Findings support the hypothesis that exposure to xeno-oestrogens may increase the risk of breast cancer. Topics: breast cancer; dieldrin; hexachlorocyclohexane; chlorinated organic compounds; cohort study; determination in blood; oestrogens; risk factors; women. (72990)

CIS 99-916 Cancer in ex-asbestos cement workers in Israel, 1953-1992. Tulchinsky T.H., Ginsberg G.M., Iscovich J., Shihab S., Fischbein A., Richter E.D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.1-8. Illus. 36 ref. (In English)

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A cohort of 3,057 workers employed in an asbestos-cement plant located in Northern Israel was followed from 1953-1992 for incidence and mortality from cancer. In the years 1978-1992, the cohort had an elevated risk for all malignant neoplasms combined, lung cancer, mesothelioma, unspecified pleural cancer, and liver cancer. Risks for colo-rectal, bladder and renal cancers were less than expected. Risk for mesothelioma showed a sharp risk gradient with duration of exposure, increasing from 1 per 625 for those employed less than 2 years to 1 per 4.5 workers employed over 30 years. The ratio of mesothelioma to excess lung cancer cases was 2.9 to 1, or 3.6 to 1 if pleural cases of unspecified origin were included; the pleura to peritoneum ratio of verified mesothelioma cases was 20 to 1. It is suggested that this atypically high ratio of mesothelioma to excess lung cancer cases is the combined result of high past asbestos exposures in the workers and their low prior risk for lung cancer, and possibly, relatively early smoking cessation in relation to asbestos exposure. Topics: asbestos cement industry; asbestos; cancer; cohort study; Israel; liver cancer; long-term exposure; lung cancer; mesothelioma; morbidity; smoking. (73004)

CIS 99-917 Occupational exposure to tetrachloroethene and its effects on the kidneys. Verplanke A.J.W., Leummens M.H.L., Herber R.F.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.11-16. 24 ref. (In English)

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The effects of tetrachloroethylene (TCE) exposure on the kidneys were investigated in 82 exposed and 19 nonexposed workers from four dry-cleaning shops. The mean inhaled amount of TCE in the exposed group was 8.4mg/m³, corresponding to a mean 8-hour time-weighted average exposure of 7.9mg/m³. A chronic dose index (CDI) was estimated from data on the current TCE dose and the occupational history of individual subjects. The mean CDI in the exposed group was 400 months x mg/m³. Effects on the tubules were assessed with the parameters N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, β-galactosidase, alanine aminopeptidase, and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in urine. Early effects on the glomeruli were monitored with the parameter albumin in urine. Total protein in urine was determined for the general assessment of effects on the glomeruli and tubules. The tubular parameter RBP was increased in the exposed group compared with the nonexposed group. In conclusion, occupational exposure to TCE may cause a minor effect on the tubular RBP at exposure levels below the Dutch occupational exposure limit (240mg/m³). Topics: tetrachloroethylene; beta-galactosidase; aminopeptidase; determination in urine; dry cleaning; enzymological tests; epidemiologic study; exposure evaluation; limitation of exposure; renal dysfunction; urinary metabolites. (73014)

CIS 99-918 Chest wall pain and possible rhabdomyolysis after chloropicrin exposure. Prudhomme J.C., Bhatia R., Nutik J.M., Shusterman D.J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.41, No.1, p.17-22. 23 ref. (In English)

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Three cases are summarized in which persistent chest wall pain and elevations of creatine phosphokinase (CK) levels occurred after exposure to chloropicrin vapour in an agricultural chemicals facility. Both the severity of the symptoms and the degree of biochemical abnormality appeared to follow a dose-response relationship. Myoglobinuria, on the other hand, was not found. Elevation of CK after chloropicrin exposure has not previously been reported and may represent low-grade rhabdomyolysis. Workups performed after symptomatic chloropicrin exposure should include CK-level determination. Topics: agricultural chemicals; biochemical substances; chloropicrin; case study; enzyme activity determination; eye irritation; health hazards; muscular atrophy; muscular diseases; physiology of muscle; short-term exposure. (73015)

CIS 99-919 Field performance measurements of half-facepiece respirators: Steel mill operations. Myers W.R., Zhuang Z., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1998, Vol.59, No.11, p.789-801. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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Ambient and in-facepiece air samples were collected in different areas of a steel mill. Protection was assessed by workplace protection factors (WPF). All the in-facepiece concentrations were considerably less than the corresponding ambient concentration levels or permissible exposure limits. Mean ambient and in-facepiece concentrations of iron varied among tasks. Significant differences in respirator performance as measured by WPF or in-facepiece iron concentration were observed among the different brands of respirators. Topics: air sampling; airborne dust; iron; determination in air; evaluation of equipment; exposure evaluation; iron and steel industry; job-exposure relation; particulate removing respirators; personal sampling; protection criteria; respirators; steelworks; threshold limit values. (72986)

CIS 99-920 Longitudinal changes in lung function associated with aspects of swine-confinement exposure. Vogelzang P.F.J., van der Gulden J.W.J., Folgering H., van Schayck C.P., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dec. 1998, Vol.40, No.12, p.1048-1052. 30 ref. (In English)

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A cohort of 171 pig farmers was observed for three years. Mean decline in lung function was 73mL/year for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) and 55mL/year for forced vital capacity (FVC). A longitudinal decline in FEV₁ was associated with the use of quaternary ammonium compounds as disinfectants and also with the use of an automated dry feeding system. The impact of these characteristics in a longitudinal study provides stronger evidence for causal inference than that shown in previous cross-sectional designs. This may be useful in promoting preventive measures. Topics: cohort study; confined spaces; disinfectants; livestock rearing; one-second forced expiratory volume; pulmonary function; quaternary ammonium compounds; swine; ventilatory capacity; vital capacity. (72842)

CIS 99-921 The influence of personal protection, environmental hygiene and exposure to pesticides on the health of immigrant farm workers in a desert country. Gomes J., Lloyd O.L., Revitt D.M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan. 1999, Vol.72, No.1, p.40-45. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire was used to collect information on the use of protective measures and the practice of safety and hygiene among immigrant farm workers in a semi-desert region. Blood pressure and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were measured in the exposed and the unexposed populations. Protective equipment was worn by a minority of farm workers - gloves by 35%, work coveralls by 36%, a scarf to cover the nose and mouth by 39%, and work shoes by 79%. With regard to personal hygiene measures, 83% of the workers changed clothes after work and the same proportion took a shower after work; 63% drank and 46% ate while at work; and 11% used articles of domestic use in the preparation of pesticides on the farm. AChE depletion was found to be negatively associated with the use of gloves, of work coveralls, and of a scarf to cover the nose and mouth and withthe implementation of safety and hygiene procedures on the farm. AChE depletion was positively associated with the frequency of pesticide spraying. Topics: acetylcholinesterase; crop protection; desert climate; developing countries; face and eye protection; foreign workers; information of personnel; overalls; personal hygiene; personal protective equipment; pesticides; protective gloves; state of health. (72915)

CIS 99-922 Relations between occupational exposure to coal mine dusts, erythrocyte catalase and Cu⁺⁺/Zn⁺⁺ superoxide dismutase activities, and the severity of coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Nadif R., Bourgkard E., Dusch M., Bernadac P., Bertrand J.P., Mur J.M., Pham Q.T., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.533-540. 39 ref. (In English)

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Blood samples were obtained from miners without coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) exposed to low dust concentrations for 4 or more years, or exposed to high dust concentrations for 14 or more years, and from retired miners with CWP. Estimated cumulative exposure to dust was strongly positively related to erythrocyte catalase activity and strongly negatively related to Cu⁺⁺/Zn⁺⁺ superoxide dismutase activity only in miners exposed to high dust concentrations for ≥14 years. Moreover, catalase activity was strongly related to the severity of CWP as determined by chest radiography. Results are in good agreement with the hypothesis that production of reactive oxygen species may be an important event in the exposure to coal mine dusts and the severity of CWP. Topics: coal mining; coalworkers pneumoconiosis; determination in blood; enzyme activity determination; enzyme activity; epidemiologic study; erythrocytes; respirable dust; superoxide dismutase. (72943)

CIS 99-923 Exposure to soluble nickel in electrolytic nickel refining. Kiilunen M., Utela J., Rantanen T., Norppa H., Tossavainen A., Koponen M., Paakkulainen H., Aitio A., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Apr. 1997, Vol.41, No.2, p.167-188. Illus. 36 ref. (In English)

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Past and present exposure to nickel was studied in an electrolytic nickel refinery where an increased incidence of nasal cancer had been reported. Levels of nickel in air, blood and urine were measured and genotoxic effects were studied by analysis of micronuclei from the buccal mucosa of workers. Airborne nickel concentrations varied between 230 and 800µg/m³ in 1966-1988; thereafter lower concentrations were observed (170-460µg/m³). After-shift urinary concentrations of nickel showed no correlation with nickel concentrations in air. Concentrations of nickel in the urine were still elevated after a 2-4 week vacation. The frequency of micronucleated epithelial cells in the buccal mucosa of these workers was not significantly elevated by comparison with referents. No relationship was observed between micronucleus frequencies and levels of nickel in air, urine or blood. Topics: breathing atmosphere; carcinogens; nickel; determination in air; determination in blood; determination in urine; electrolysis; exposure evaluation; genetic effects; job-exposure relation; long-term study; ore reduction; refining; respirators; soluble substances. (72813)

CIS 99-924 Occupational exposure to nickel salts in electrolytic plating. Kiilunen M., Aitio A., Tossavainen A., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Apr. 1997, Vol.41, No.2, p.189-200. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Exposure to nickel was measured in 38 nickel plating shops in Finland. The average after-shift urinary nickel concentration of 163 workers was 0.16µmol/L. After the 1-5 week vacation, urinary nickel concentration was higher than the upper reference limit of non-exposed Finns, indicating that a part of water-soluble nickel salts is accumulated in the body. Urinary nickel concentrations in the shops considered clean in an industrial hygiene walk-through were not different from those observed in the shops considered dirty. The correlation between concentrations of nickel in air and in urine was low, and the amount of nickel excreted in urine exceeded the calculated inhaled amounts, indicating exposure by other routes such as ingestion. Topics: breathing atmosphere; determination in air; determination in urine; electroplating; exposure evaluation; nickel and compounds; occupational health survey. (72814)

CIS 99-925 Respiratory symptoms, across-shift lung function changes and lifetime exposures of welders in New Zealand. Fishwick D., Bradshaw L.M., Slater T., Pearce N., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.351-358, 31 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 62 current welders and 75 nonwelders at the same sites in New Zealand, work-related cough was reported by 22.6% of current welders and 6.7% of nonwelders; the respective figures for at least one work-related symptom were 30.7% and 16.0%. The groups' preshift lung function did not differ. An acute decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1s in relation to work was more prevalent in welders than in nonwelders, and was more common among welders without local exhaust ventilation than among those with it. Topics: exhaust ventilation; local exhaust; long-term exposure; New Zealand; one-second forced expiratory volume; pulmonary function; respiratory diseases; smoking; welding and cutting; welding fumes. (72827)

CIS 99-926 Metal working fluid-associated hypersensivity pneumonitis: An outbreak investigation and case-control study. Fox J., Anderson H., Moen T., Gruetzmacher G., Hanrahan L., Fink J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.58-67. Illus. 32 ref. (In English)

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Occupational exposure to bacterial or fungal antigens has been associated with hypersensivity pneumonitis (HP), an immunologically-mediated pulmonary disease. 34 employees working in machining and assembly areas of an engine manufacturing plant were clinically diagnosed with HP. Of these, 20 employees met an epidemiologic case definition. In a case-control study, no exposure variables, including duration and intensity of metal working fluid (MWF) exposure, were statistically associated with an increased risk of disease. Neither cases nor controls demonstrated precipitin reactivity against unused samples of the seven MWF and two biocides used in the plant. HP cases had a significantly higher prevalence of positive precipitin reactions to used oil-soluble and synthetic MWFs. Reactivity to used but not unused MWF suggests a biocontaminant, probably bacteria or fungi, is the causative antigen in the development of HP in this setting. Topics: allergens; antigens; bacteria; biocides; case-control study; cutting fluids; extrinsic allergic alveolitis; fungi; motor vehicle industry; pulmonary function; serological reactions; serum precipitins; used oils. (73008)

CIS 99-927 Airway symptoms among house painters in relation to exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - A longitudinal study. Wieslander G., Norbäck D., Edling C., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Apr. 1997, Vol.41, No.2, p.155-166. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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A study of 175 house painters from 1989 to 1992 showed no increase of asthma or respiratory symptoms in painters exposed only to water-based paint (WBP). Most painters had a mixed exposure to solvent-based paint (SBP) and WPB, the main source of volatile organic compounds being the limited use of SBP. WBP was perceived as less irritative than SBP, but complaints of airway irritation from WBP increased during the study period. The most pronounced increase of airway irritation in relation to both WBP and SBP was observed among painters with the highest solvent exposure. Results indicate that emissions of volatile organic compounds from SBP may contribute to the development of respiratory symptoms and airway irritation among these painters. Topics: asthma; epidemiologic study; exposure evaluation; functional respiratory disorders; irritation; organic compounds; painting; paints; respiratory diseases; solvents; subjective assessment; symptoms; volatile substances. (72812)

CIS 99-928 Building materials and health. Msita K., Der-Petrossian B., Journal of the Network of African Countries on Cost-effective Building Technologies, Dec. 1996, Vol.4, No.2, p.1-8. 9 ref. (In English)

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Topics: building industry; building materials; radon; asbestos; lead; cadmium; chromium; silica; dangerous substances; developing countries; health hazards; implementation of control measures; industrial waste; limitation of exposure; metals; responsibilities; solvents; wood preservatives. (72955)

CIS 99-929 Leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma in seamen on tankers. Nilsson R.I., Nordlinder R., Hörte L.G., Järvholm B., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.517-521. 30 ref. (In English)

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In a cohort of male Swedish seamen exposed to cargo vapours on chemical or product tankers, cancer cases were detected from the Swedish Cancer Register and exposure was assessed from data in the Swedish Registry of Seamen and from a register of Swedish ships. In seamen exposed for at least one month, there was an increased risk of lymphatic and haematopoietic malignancies. A significant exposure-response relationship was observed. One possible cause is exposure to benzene during loading, unloading and tank cleaning operations. Topics: cancer; benzene; cohort study; diseases of blood-forming organs; dose-response relationship; leukaemia; lymphatic diseases; myeloma; petroleum products; tankers; volatile substances. (72941)

CIS 99-930 Increased morbidity odds ratio of primary liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver among vinyl chloride monomer workers. Du C.L., Wang J.D., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.528-532. 37 ref. (In English)

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Based on a search of hospital computer files on labour insurance, occurrence of disease was investigated in 2224 workers with occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). There was a significantly increased risk of admission to hospital for primary liver cancer, cirrhosis of the liver and other chronic diseases among these workers. Ten out of 11 cases of hepatoma were carriers of the hepatitis B virus. Alternative agents of primary liver cancer were largely ruled out, suggesting that the combination of hepatitis B and VCM exposure may lead to primary liver cancer. Topics: vinyl chloride; chemical industry; cirrhosis; epidemiologic study; infectious hepatitis; liver cancer; morbidity. (72942)

CIS 99-931 Grouping strategies for exposure to inhalable dust, wheat allergens and α-amylase allergens in bakeries. Houba R., Heederik D., Kromhout H., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, June 1997, Vol.41, No.3, p.287-296. 31 ref. (In English)

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Full-shift personal dust samples of inhalable dust, wheat allergens and α-amylase allergens were collected in the bakery industry. Components of exposure variability were determined and different grouping strategies for studying exposure-response relationships were compared. The specific job of a bakery worker was identified as the most important source of variability in inhalable flour dust concentrations. For exposure to wheat allergens, the job performed was also the most important source of variation, but type of bakery also explained some of the variability. For α-amylase allergen exposure, information on type of bakery was more important than job information. For exposure to inhalable dust and wheat allergens, a classification by job title would lead to sufficient contrast in average exposure levels. However, a grouping strategy based on a combination of job and type of bakery appeared to be essential to obtain a useful classification of exposure to α-amylase allergens. Topics: allergens; amylase; bakery products industry; classification; dust measurement; exposure evaluation; flour; job-exposure relation; personal sampling; respirable dust; wheat. (72816)

CIS 99-932 Respiratory function and immunological status in paper-recycling workers. Zuskin E., Mustajbegovic J., Schachter E.N., Kanceljak B., Kern J., Macan J., Ebling Z., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.40, No.11, p.986-993. Illus. 45 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 101 paper recycling workers, significantly higher prevalences of all chronic respiratory symptoms were found in these workers compared with controls. Maximum expiratory flow rates were significantly decreased. 15.8% of workers had positive skin-prick reactions to at least one of the paper extracts and 21% had increased serum IgE levels. Work in the paper recycling industry is associated with respiratory impairment and sensitive workers may be at particular risk of developing chronic respiratory abnormalities. Topics: allergy tests; asthma; chronic bronchitis; chronic respiratory diseases; dyspnoea; epidemiologic study; immunoglobulins; paper and paper products industry; pulmonary function; recycling of materials; respirable dust; respiratory diseases; respiratory impairment; smoking; ventilatory capacity. (72798)

CIS 99-933 Monitoring and modelling of exposure to ethanol in hairdressing salons. van Muiswinkel W.J., Kromhout H., Onos T., Kersemaekers W., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Apr. 1997, Vol.41, No.2, p.235-247. 20 ref. (In English)

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Personal exposure to solvents was studied among hairdressers in 28 salons in two regions during two seasons in the Netherlands. Ethanol was used as a marker for solvent exposure. The average exposure to ethanol was well below the occupational exposure limit, but large differences in average concentrations were observed between salons. Exposure concentrations were significantly higher on Fridays than on other days of the week. Exposures were somewhat lower in spring than in summer and lower in urban than in semi-rural areas. A classification scheme based on two easily obtainable salon and task characteristics was developed. Topics: air temperature; ethanol; determination in air; epidemiologic study; exposure evaluation; hairdressing; job-exposure relation; mathematical models; personal sampling; seasonal variation; solvents. (72815)

CIS 99-934 Occupational exposure to arsenic in wood workers and taxidermists. (Danish: Arseneksponering ved arbejde med imprægneret træ og ved udstopning af dyr og fugle) Jensen G.E., Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 72p. Illus. 114 ref., ISBN 87-7534-483-1 (In Danish)

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Topics: arsenic; blood pressure; determination in air; determination in urine; enzyme activity; exposure evaluation; report; taxidermy; woodworking industry. (72853)

CIS 99-935 1,2-Epoxybutane - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 35p. 18 ref., ISBN 90-5549-233-7 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: butylene oxide; carcinogenic effects; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72887)

CIS 99-936 2-Nitrotoluene - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 37p. 14 ref., ISBN 90-5549-234-5 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; o-nitrotoluene; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72888)

CIS 99-937 Wood dust - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 39p. 36 ref., ISBN 90-5549-235-3 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; criteria document; genetic effects; laryngeal cancer; mutagenic effects; nasal cancer; Netherlands; pharyngeal cancer; toxicity evaluation; toxicology; wood dust. (72889)

CIS 99-938 1,2,3-Trichloropropane - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 35p. 36 ref., ISBN 90-5549-236-1 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: 1,2,3-trichloropropane; carcinogenic effects; criteria document; genetic effects; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72890)

CIS 99-939 Chrysotile asbestos. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. xxi, 197p. approx. 500 ref. Price: CHF 42.00 (CHF 29.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157203-5 (In English)

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Summaries in French and in Spanish. Topics: asbestos; asbestosis; chrysotile; criteria document; dose-response relationship; ILO; IPCS; literature survey; lung cancer; mesothelioma; pneumoconiosis; toxic effects; toxicology; UNEP; WHO. (72891)

CIS 99-940 Eye irritation - Reference chemicals data bank (second edition). European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Bte 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, 2nd ed., June 1998. 236p. 14 ref. (In English)

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Second edition of CIS 92-1996. Topics: animal experiments; classification systems; computerized data bases; eye irritation; irritants. (72897)

CIS 99-941 p-Aramid fibres - Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1997. 74p. 36 ref., ISBN 90-5549-188-8 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: p-aramid; criteria document; irritants; man-made fibres; Netherlands; respirable dust; threshold limit values; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72901)

CIS 99-942 Piperidine - Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1997. 47p. 28 ref., ISBN 90-5549-195-0 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: piperidine; criteria document; hormone secretion; irritants; Netherlands; neurotoxic effects; threshold limit values; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72902)

CIS 99-943 Chromium and its inorganic compounds - Health-based recommended occupational exposure limit. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 80p. 101 ref., ISBN 90-5549-211-6 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; chromium; chromates; chromium and compounds; criteria document; eczema; irritants; lung diseases; Netherlands; perforation of the nasal septum; renal damage; respiratory diseases; sensitization dermatitis; skin allergies; threshold limit values; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72903)

CIS 99-944 Quartz - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 56p. 70 ref., ISBN 90-5549-215-9 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; cristobalite; quartz; criteria document; genetic effects; lung cancer; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; silicosis; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72904)

CIS 99-945 Ronidazole - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 33p. 16 ref., ISBN 90-5549-232-9 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: ronidazole; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72905)

CIS 99-946 o-Phenylenediamine - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 33p. 18 ref., ISBN 90-5549-227-2 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; o-phenylenediamine; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72906)

CIS 99-947 Styrene - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 39p. 17 ref., ISBN 90-5549-228-0 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; styrene; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72907)

CIS 99-948 4-Chloro-o-toluidine - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 35p. 9 ref., ISBN 90-5549-229-9 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: 4-chloro-o-toluidine; carcinogenic effects; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72908)

CIS 99-949 p-Chloroaniline - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 35p. 4 ref., ISBN 90-5549-230-2 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; p-chloroaniline; criteria document; genetic effects; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72909)

CIS 99-950 Bromoethane - Evaluation of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 1236, 2280 CE Rijswijk, Netherlands, 1998. 35p. 4 ref., ISBN 90-5549-231-0 (In English)

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Summary in Dutch. Topics: carcinogenic effects; ethyl bromide; criteria document; mutagenic effects; Netherlands; toxicity evaluation; toxicology. (72910)

CIS 99-951 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid. Hexabromocyclododecane. Propylene glycol. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O.Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. 250p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 112.00., ISBN 3-7776-0859-9 (In English)

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Topics: animal experiments; hexabromocyclododecane; propylene glycol; p-hydroxybenzoic acid; criteria document; ecotoxicology; Germany; legislation; literature survey; skin allergies; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (73041)

CIS 99-952 N-Isopropyl-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylene diamine (IPPD). N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylene diamine (6PPD). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O.Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. xvii, 70p. and xii, 72p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 97.00., ISBN 3-7776-0856-4 (In English)

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Topics: animal experiments; isopropylphenylphenylenediamine; dimethylbutylphenylphenylenediamine; criteria document; ecotoxicology; Germany; irritation; legislation; literature survey; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (73042)

CIS 99-953 Phenol. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O.Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. xxvii, 414p. approx. 820 ref. Price: DEM 143.00., ISBN 3-7776-0858-0 (In English)

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Topics: animal experiments; phenol; criteria document; ecotoxicology; eye irritation; Germany; irritants; legislation; literature survey; neurotoxic effects; skin absorption; toxicology; translation. (73043)

CIS 99-954 Chloroform (No.1). 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (No.29). 1,1-Dichloroethene (No.33). Chloroethane (No.60). 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene (No.86). N,N'-Diphenylguanidine (No.96). Phenylenediamines (No.97). Aminofen (No.118). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O.Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. 120p. Bibl. Price: DEM 80.00., ISBN 3-7776-0884-X (In English)

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Supplementary reports to CIS 94-994, CIS 92-570, CIS 94-1009, CIS 94-1679, CIS 95-1797 and CIS 96-287. Topics: 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene; 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)aniline; animal experiments; diphenylguanidine; p-phenylenediamine; phenylenediamine; chloroform; ethyl chloride; vinylidene chloride; o-phenylenediamine; criteria document; ecotoxicology; Germany; legislation; literature survey; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (73044)

CIS 99-955 Key elements of a national programme for chemicals management and safety. Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, Aug. 1998. ii, 115p. 50 ref., ISBN 92-9182-003-3 (In English)

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Topics: chemical safety; dangerous substances; emergency organization; enforcement; environmental pollution; glossary; hazard evaluation; hazard identification; international cooperation; IPCS; legislation; national organization; safety and health documentation; safety and health training; safety programmes; UNITAR; WHO. (73045)

CIS 99-956 Triglycidyl isocyanurate. Willcocks D., Onyon L., Jenkins C., Diver B., Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. iv, 21p. 71 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153008-1 (In English)

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http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad08.pdf

Summaries in French and in Spanish. Topics: triglycidyl isocyanurate; criteria document; ecotoxicology; eye irritation; first aid; IPCS; limitation of exposure; literature survey; mutagens; sensitization dermatitis; sensitization; toxic effects; toxicology. (73046)

CIS 99-957 N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine. Koennecker G., Mangelsdorf I., Wibbertmann A., Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. iv, 25p. 71 ref. Price: CHF 13.00 (CHF 9.10 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-153009-X (In English)

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http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad09.pdf

Summaries in French and in Spanish. Topics: carcinogenic effects; N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine; criteria document; ecotoxicology; first aid; IPCS; literature survey; toxic effects; toxicology. (73047)

CIS 99-958 Exposure to air pollution in the transport sector. (Danish: Eksponering for luftforurening i transportsektoren) Wilhardt P., Breum N.O., Hansen Å.M., Knudsen L.E., Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1996. 76p. Illus. 36 ref., ISBN 87-7534-556-0 (In Danish)

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Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; atmospheric pollution; nitrogen dioxide; determination in air; determination in urine; drivers; exposure evaluation; mathematical models; postal services; respirable dust; road transport. (72854)

CIS 99-959 Safety advice for bulk chlorine installations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. viii, 120p. Illus. 93 ref. Price: GBP 14.00., ISBN 0-7176-1645-2 (In English)

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Replaces previous edition (CIS 87-1015). Topics: alarm systems; bulk materials handling; chlorine; choice of location; emergency organization; first aid; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; inspection; leak detection; legislation; liquefied gases; loading and unloading; piping; pressure vessels and systems; preventive maintenance; protection against overpressure; respirators; safe layout; safety guides; storage tanks; toxic effects; transfer of liquids; United Kingdom; valves; vaporizers. (72886)

CIS 99-960 Controlling formaldehyde exposures during embalming. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Oct. 1998. 2p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English)

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Topics: formaldehyde; data sheet; embalming; exhaust hoods; exhaust ventilation; health hazards; limitation of exposure; local exhaust; threshold limit values. (72898)

CIS 99-961 Safe handling of chlorine from drums and cylinders. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1999. vi, 92p. Illus. 81 ref. Price: GBP 14.00., ISBN 0-7176-1646-0 (In English)

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Replaces previous edition (CIS 88-1641). Topics: alarm systems; chlorine; choice of location; drum handling; emergency organization; first aid; gas cylinders; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; inspection; leak detection; legislation; liquefied gases; materials handling; piping; pressure vessels and systems; preventive maintenance; respirators; safety by design; safety guides; toxic effects; United Kingdom; valves; vaporizers; ventilation. (72921)

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CIS 99-962 Dust explosive fire in an incineration facility. (Japanese: Gomishori shisetsu deno funjin bakuhatsu kasai) Koseki H., Hasegawa K., Komamiya K., Journal of the Japan Society for Safety Engineering - Anzen kōgaku, 15 Apr. 1997, Vol.36, No.2, p.115-121. Illus. 10 ref. (In Japanese)

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An investigation into the cause of an explosion and fire at a garbage processing facility in Japan showed that paper dust had formed a flammable atmosphere in the conveyor room as a result of the vibration of the garbage conveyor. The source of ignition of the dust was the back fire from the incinerator. Safety measures are proposed. Topics: accident investigation; conveyors; dust explosions; explosion hazards; garbage incineration; paper; sources of ignition. (72819)

CIS 99-963 Present state and prevention of fire/explosion hazard in waste mills. (Japanese: Haikibutsu hasai setsubi deno kasai/bakuhatsu no genjyo to boushi taisaku) Itagaki H., Journal of Japan Association for Fire Science and Engineering, 20 Dec. 1996, Vol.46, No.6, p.13-17. Illus. 4 ref. (In Japanese)

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Characteristics and hazards of three types of waste mills are described. Fire and explosion hazards include LPG cylinders, butane gas cartridges, spray cans, paint containers and oil cans. Preventive measures include segregation of waste by consumers, detection of hazards at the gathering point, safety checks before waste crushing and use of safety equipment to prevent fires and explosions at the mill. Topics: explosion hazards; explosion prevention; fire hazards; fire prevention; garbage processing. (72820)

CIS 99-964 Differences in enforcement of the Seveso Directive in some European countries. Suggestions for updating the Italian regulation. (Italian: Differenziazione nel recepimento della direttiva Seveso da parte di alcuni paesi europei. Indicazioni per un adeguamento della normativa italiana) Ferroni L., Lucialli P., Naviglio A., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.15-39. Illus. 22 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: comment on directive; Denmark; enforcement; European Communities; France; hazard evaluation; Italy; legislation; major hazards; neighbourhood populations; Netherlands; occupational accidents; plant safety organization; safety planning; United Kingdom. (72923)

CIS 99-965 An examination of the major-accident record for explosives manufacturing and storage in the UK. Merrifield R., Moreton P.A., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Dec. 1998, Vol.63, No.2-3, p.107-118. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Details were found of 79 major explosives events in the manufacture and storage of explosives during the period 1950-1997. Analysis of the accident record allowed major accident rates to be derived for a number of processes undertaken in the explosives industry. It is suggested that these rates might be used in quantitative risk assessments (QRA) of explosives manufacturing and storage plants. Following the adoption of new European regulations, QRA could now play a more active role in explosives safety in the United Kingdom. Topics: accident research; analysis of accident causes; European Communities; explosives industry; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; legislation; major hazards; safe distances; storage; United Kingdom. (72981)

CIS 99-966 Fire protection yearbook 1998/9. Loss Prevention Council, Fire Protection Association, Melrose Avenue, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire WD6 2BJ, United Kingdom, 1998. 200p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-902167-69-3 (In English)

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Topics: directory; fire prevention; fire protection; fire research; fire service organization; fire services; legislation; private OSH institutions; report of activities; sources of ignition; statistics; United Kingdom. (72882)

CIS 99-967 Neohexane. Fire Protection Association, Fire Prevention, Dec. 1998, No.315, 2p. Insert. 2 ref. (In English)

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Topics: 2,2-dimethylbutane; data sheet; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; legislation; storage; United Kingdom. (72810)

CIS 99-968 Ignition hazard from drilling into sealed frames of agricultural equipment. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Aug. 1998. 2p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: agricultural equipment; data sheet; explosion hazards; fire hazards; flammable gases; hand drills; plant and process modifications. (72899)

CIS 99-969 Prevention of fluid leakage from chemical installations (I): Safety at the design stage. (Spanish: Prevención de fugas en instalaciones (I): seguridad en proyecto) Pérez Guerrero A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 6p. 6 ref. (In Spanish)

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For Part II see CIS 99-970. Topics: chemical plant; dangerous substances; data sheet; design of equipment; gaskets; leakage; major hazards; protection against leakage; protection against overpressure; safety by design; safety engineering; Spain. (73101)

CIS 99-970 Prevention of fluid leakage from chemical installations (II): Gaskets. (Spanish: Prevención de fugas en instalaciones (II): juntas de estanqueidad) Pérez Guerrero A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 8p. Illus. 2 ref. (In Spanish)

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For Part I see CIS 99-969. Topics: chemical plant; comment on standard; dangerous substances; data sheet; description of equipment; gaskets; major hazards; protection against leakage; safety engineering; Spain. (73102)

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CIS 99-971 Comparison of two methods for judging distances near overhead power lines. Imbeau D., Paques J.J., Bergeron S., Bourbonnière R., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.196-211. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: mobile cranes; overhead electric lines; safe distances; subjective assessment. (73082)

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CIS 99-972 Low-cost methods of noise control at source which increase production and reduce the risk of hearing damage. Scannell K., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Oct. 1998, Vol.14, No.5, p.493-503. Illus. (In English)

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Traditional methods of hearing conservation (hearing protection, job rotation, acoustic enclosures) are outlined and the advantages of noise control at source are described. Case studies show how correctly implemented noise control at source can reduce machine wear, increase tool life, increase production speeds and increase profits. Topics: case study; cost-benefit analysis; hearing conservation; hearing protection; machinery; noise control; noise measurement; safety by design; sound attenuation; vibrating tools; vibration damping. (72795)

CIS 99-973 Effects of combined exposure to noise and toxic substances - Critical review of the literature. Cary R., Clarke S., Delic J., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Aug. 1997, Vol.41, No.4, p.455-465. 19 ref. (In English)

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This review indicates that the information available on the health effects of the combination of noise and a variety of industrial substances is limited, particularly with respect to assessing occupational risk. Animal studies at high exposure levels indicate that there is a suggestion of some interaction between some substances and noise exposure. However, from the data currently available, inferences cannot be drawn on whether or not interactions would have occurred at lower, more occupationally relevant, levels of exposure. Data from human studies are also inadequate for assessing the combined effects of noise and chemical exposure on hearing. Topics: animal experiments; cadmium; p-dinitrobenzene; styrene; toluene; carbon monoxide; lead; health hazards; heart diseases; literature survey; neurotoxic effects; noise; ototoxic effects; synergism; toxic substances. (72822)

CIS 99-974 A comprehensive strategy for the assessment of noise exposure and risk of hearing impairment. Malchaire J., Piette A., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Aug. 1997, Vol.41, No.4, p.467-484. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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A comprehensive strategy is presented for the evaluation of daily noise exposure level and the assessment of risk of hearing impairment. The risk is defined as the probability for a worker with a given noise exposure history of developing hearing deficit above a given threshold. The strategy uses the concepts of homogeneous groups of exposure and stationarity interval, defined as the period over which the exposure distribution is the same for the members of the group. The number of workers to sample, the number of samples to take for each worker and their duration are discussed. Semi-random sampling is recommended, excluding periods with low noise exposure. Formulae are presented to estimate the daily noise exposure level, its standard error and the corresponding risk of hearing impairment. Topics: exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; hearing loss; length of exposure; noise level measurement; noise level; prediction. (72823)

CIS 99-975 A prospective study of the cold response of digital vessels in forestry workers exposed to saw vibration. Bovenzi M., Alessandrini B., Mancini R., Cannavà M.G., Centi L., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Oct. 1998, Vol.71, No.7, p.493-498. 20 ref. (In English)

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The occurrence of vibration-induced white finger (VWF) and the cold response of digital vessels were examined in a group of 68 forestry workers using chain saws. Workers were examined in 1990 and again in 1995. Results indicate that a reduction or cessation of exposure to vibration has a beneficial effect on finger-blanching symptoms and on the cold response of digital vessels. Since a few new cases of VWF occurred during the follow-up period in workers using only antivibration chain saws, health surveillance of workers using these machines should be maintained. Topics: chain saws; cold pressor test; exposure evaluation; fingers; hand-arm vibration; logging and forestry operations; long-term study; Raynaud's phenomenon; vibration measurement. (72869)

CIS 99-976 Exposure-response relationship in the hand-arm vibration syndrome: An overview of current epidemiology research. Bovenzi M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nov. 1998, Vol.71, No.8, p.509-519. Illus. 61 ref. (In English)

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While there is epidemiologic evidence for an increased risk of peripheral sensorineural disorders and bone and joint disorders in workers exposed to hand-transmitted vibration, the available data are insufficient to outline an exposure-response relationship. The association between white finger (Raynaud's phenomenon) and exposure to hand-transmitted vibration has been clearly established, although the form of the relationship is not yet fully clarified. Further research is required to determine how the response of the hand and arm depends on the physical characteristics of vibration and other variables connected with vibration exposure. Topics: comment on directive; dose-response relationship; epidemiologic study; grip strength; hand-arm vibration; limitation of exposure; literature survey; neurological effects; osteoarthropathy; prediction; pushing strength; Raynaud's phenomenon; vascular diseases; vibrating tools; vibration disease; vibration perception threshold. (72876)

CIS 99-977 Noise exposure profile among heavy equipment operators, associated laborers, and crane operators. Legris M., Poulin P., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1998, Vol.59, No.11, p.774-778. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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In a survey of construction sites in Quebec, Canada, the average daily noise exposure was 84 to 99dBA for heavy equipment operators, 90dBA for labourers and 74 to 97dBA for crane operators. The main sources of noise to which heavy equipment operators are exposed are vehicle engines and the muffler exhaust system, usually located near the operator. The presence of insulated cabs such as those found on power shovels, backhoes and wheel loaders and graders helps to reduce noise exposure. The noise exposure of labourers is determined by the type of task, the manual equipment used and noise from surrounding heavy equipment. In the case of crane operators, an insulated cab significantly reduces exposure to engine noise. Topics: construction equipment; construction industry; cranes; earthmoving equipment; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; noise level measurement; noise level; sound isolation. (72985)

CIS 99-978 Prevention of hearing damage among musicians. (French: Prophylaxie des lésions de l'ouïe chez les musiciens; German: Gehörschadenprophylaxe bei Musikern) Matéfi L., Informations médicales - Medizinische Mitteilungen, Spring 1999, No.71, p.5-9. Illus. (In French, German)

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Topics: age-linked differences; hearing loss; hearing protection; musicians; noise level measurement; noise level; sex-linked differences. (73131)

CIS 99-979 Comparison of predictive and subjective evaluation of moderate thermal environments. (Italian: Confronto tra valutazione predittiva e soggettiva degli ambienti termici moderati) Cirillo E., Fato I., Leonardis C., Fattorini E., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.109-146. Illus. 4 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: air temperature; Italy; questionnaire survey; subjective temperature; temperature measurement; thermal discomfort; thermal environment. (72927)

CIS 99-980 Hazard control in hypersonic research. (French: La maîtrise des risques à l'heure hypersonique) Lugdunum B., Travail et sécurité, July-Aug. 1998, No.574-575, p.2-9. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: acenaphthene; aircraft industry; compressed air; compressors; implementation of control measures; live work; manual handling; noise control; overhead hoists; prevention of access; risk awareness; test equipment; toxic substances; wind tunnels; work at height; work in isolation. (72933)

CIS 99-981 Reference levels for naturally occurring radionuclides in the workplace. Penfold J., Radiological Protection Bulletin, Dec. 1998, No.208, p.11-15. 2 ref. (In English)

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A methodology was developed to estimate doses to workers in industries in which enhanced levels of naturally occurring radionuclides are encountered. Results suggest that some degree of regulation may be required for many materials. A classification system is proposed which can be used to identify workplaces which require control. Topics: absorbed dose; radon; lead; thorium; uranium; radium; classification systems; conditions of exposure; exposure evaluation; ionizing radiation; permissible radiation doses; radiation protection; radioactive substances. (72801)

CIS 99-982 Management of occupational exposure. Lazo T., Wrixon A., Radiological Protection Bulletin, Dec. 1998, No.208, p.6-10. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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In the UK, both individual and collective doses to workers in the nuclear industry have decreased significantly over the last ten or more years. Similar trends have occurred in other countries as managers have seen the necessity of going further than simple compliance with dose limits. Indeed, a key factor in the control of doses at work is proper management which does not invariably imply increase in costs; dose and cost reductions may well go hand in hand. Managers, however, need to be able to take informed decisions and this implies access to relevant information. An international initiative has been established to help with this. Topics: absorbed dose; compilation of statistics; computerized data bases; dose equivalent; dosimetry; European Communities; nuclear power stations; particulate radiation; personnel monitoring; radioactive substances. (73001)

CIS 99-983 Implications of deposition on skin for accident consequence assessments. Jones A., Mansfield P., Bell K., Radiological Protection Bulletin, Nov. 1998, No.207, p.9-14. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Doses from material deposited on skin and clothing have received little consideration in calculations of the consequences of accidental releases of radioactive material to atmosphere. Some computer programs for calculating the consequences of accidental releases include this pathway, although the detail in which it is modelled differs between the various programs. Its importance was considered by Jones who calculated the numbers of health effects following a large hypothetical accident. This study suggested that the predicted numbers of early deaths and fatal cancers could increase by an order of magnitude and a factor of about four, respectively, if doses from skin deposition were included in the calculations, assuming the deposition to skin was equal to that to the ground. Topics: cancer; experimental determination; exposure evaluation; prediction formulae; radiation accidents; radioactive contamination of personnel; radioactive substances; reactors; skin contamination. (73002)

CIS 99-984 CIDI trends analysis 1990-96. Williams M., Buckley K., Iles B., Radiological Protection Bulletin, Oct. 1998, No.206, p.5-10. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

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The UK Health and Safety Executive recently published the second analysis of doses recorded on the Central Index of Dose Information (CIDI), covering the period 1990-96. This article looks at some of the trends reported in that publication. Topics: absorbed dose; computerized data bases; exposure evaluation; ionizing radiation; job-exposure relation; mining industry; nuclear fuels; nuclear power stations; radiography; statistical trends; statistics; United Kingdom. (73003)

CIS 99-985 Health effects of cellular telephones: Review of current knowledge and research on humans. (French: Effets sur la santé des radiotéléphones cellulaires - Synthèse des connaissances et des recherches en cours chez l'homme) De Seze R., Miro L., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1998, No.73, p.31-34. 20 ref. (In French)

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Topics: ear; electroencephalography; electromagnetic fields; endocrine effects; health hazards; nervous system; pacemaker wearers; round-up; telephone communications. (73138)

CIS 99-986 Occupational medicine and biomedical effects of electromagnetic fields. (French: Effets biomédicaux des champs électromagnétiques et médecine du travail) Miro L., De Seze R., Mansour E., Méreau P., Wehr M.O., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1998, No.73, p.47-53. (In French)

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Topics: animal experiments; conference; electromagnetic fields; hazard evaluation; in vitro experiments; limitation of exposure; measurement of physical agents; medical supervision; microwave exposure limits; occupational medicine; threshold limit values. (73140)

CIS 99-987 Efficacy of a water-cooled garment for auxiliary body cooling in heat. Nag P.K., Pradhan C.K., Nag A., Ashtekar S.P., Desai H., Ergonomics, Feb. 1998, Vol.41, No.2, p.179-187. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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The efficacy of a water-cooled jacket was examined under a simulated hot environment. The jacket comprised a water re-circulating three-layered vest of cotton fabric lined with 2mm diameter latex tubing and inter-spaced coating of rubberized solution. Tests on four subjects in an environmental chamber showed that the jacket provided auxiliary cooling to maintain comfortable microclimate, skin and body core temperatures. This enabled subjects to sustain comfortable heat balance over 2h heat exposure without any noticeable heat strain. Topics: body-core temperature; evaluation of equipment; heat load; heat protective clothing; hot workplaces; liquid-cooled suits; microclimate; skin temperature; whole-body cooling. (72948)

CIS 99-988 Standards for intakes of radionuclides. National Radiological Protection Board, Stationary Office Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1998. 29p. 49 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-85951-424-2 (In English)

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Topics: absorbed dose; radon; ingestion; inhalation; list of radioactive substances; permissible radiation doses; radiation protection; radioactive substances; standard; United Kingdom. (72883)

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CIS 99-989 The prevention of slipping accidents: A review and discussion of work related to the methodology of measuring slip resistance. Leclercq S., Safety Science, Mar. 1999, Vol.31, No.2, p.95-125. Illus. 101 ref. (In English)

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Recommendations made after the analysis of accidents following slipping incidents often include the use of anti-slip footwear and/or installation of an anti-slip floor covering. Such recommendations make it necessary to study biomechanical and tribologic phenomena that occur during slipping, in particular to develop criteria for the evaluation of slip resistance of footwear and floor surfaces. The results of these studies can be used for preventive recommendations or to support/discuss standardization projects on the measurement of slip resistance of protective shoes or floor coverings. This literature review helps explain the more recent studies on perturbed locomotion or posture and the reasons that slow down progress in harmonizing methods for the measurement of slip resistance. Topics: antislip floors; applied research; body mechanics; description of equipment; description of technique; elastomers; falls on the level; friction; literature survey; non-slip soles; safety shoes; slipperiness testing; slippery floors; standardization. (73011)

CIS 99-990 A multilevel approach to manual lifting in manufacturing industries. Kayis B., Kothiyal K., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.251-261. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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Topics: backache; body mechanics; ergonomic evaluation; job-exposure relation; manual lifting; manufacturing industries; work posture. (73087)

CIS 99-991 Industrial remote control systems become safer. (French: Des télécommandes industrielles de plus en plus securisées) Pagliero D., Travail et sécurité, Jan. 1999, No.580, p.16-25. Illus. 6 ref. (In French)

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Topics: danger zones; dangerous work; distance protection; materials handling; remote control; safety by design; selection of equipment. (72835)

CIS 99-992 Optimum design for emergency stop button on robot teach pendants. Kwon K.S., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.212-217. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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Topics: design of equipment; emergency stop devices; layout of controls; pendant controls; reaction time; robots. (73083)

CIS 99-993 A method for response time measurement of electrosensitive protective devices. Dźwiarek M., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.234-242. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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Topics: approval; description of technique; equipment testing; evaluation of equipment; safety devices; sensing guards. (73085)

CIS 99-994 Machinery-related injuries: Regional rural injury study - I (RRIS-I). Gerberich S.G., Gibson R.W., French L.R., Lee T.Y., Carr W.P., Kochevar L., Renier C.M., Shutske J., Accident Analysis and Prevention, Nov. 1998, Vol.30, No.6, p.793-804. 26 ref. (In English)

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In a study of farming-related injuries in five states of the USA, 20% of events were related to large machinery use. Several variables were associated with elevated risk: hours worked per week on the farm, operation of an auger, field crops as the enterprise requiring most time and male gender. The majority of injury events occurred while persons were lifting, pushing or pulling, adjusting a machine or repairing a machine. Findings indicate that these injuries represent a significant problem, based on relevant rates, potential risk factors and consequences from trauma. Topics: age-linked differences; agricultural equipment; agricultural operations; causes of accidents; epidemiologic study; frequency rates; hazard evaluation; injuries; risk factors; severity rates; sex-linked differences; time of accident; USA. (72959)

CIS 99-995 Application to temporary workers of Recommendation R 372 concerning the use and maintenance of construction equipment. (French: Application aux intérimaires du texte de la recommandation R 372 rélative à l'utilisation et l'entretien des engins de chantier) Travail et sécurité, May 1998, No.572, p.40-46. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: aptitude tests; assessment of knowledge; classification; comment on directive; construction industry; directive; earthmoving equipment; France; information of personnel; permits-to-work; preventive maintenance; temporary workers. (72940)

CIS 99-996 Application of electro-sensitive protective equipment using light curtains and light beam devices to machinery. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1999. iv, 52p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-1550-2 (In English)

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Replaces CIS 85-1834 (Application of photo-electric safety systems to machinery). Topics: brakes; clutches; comment on standard; distance protection; glossary; inspection; machinery; photoelectric guards; safe distances; safety by design; safety checks; sensing guards; trip guards. (72834)

CIS 99-997 Hand tools (I): General safety conditions. (Spanish: Herramientas manuales (I): condiciones generales de seguridad) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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For Parts II and III see CIS 99-998 and CIS 99-999 respectively. Topics: chisels; data sheet; description of equipment; hand tools; pliers; punches; risk factors; safe working methods; safety by design; screwdrivers; Spain; tongs. (73108)

CIS 99-998 Hand tools (II): General safety conditions. (Spanish: Herramientas manuales (II): condiciones generales de seguridad) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 4p. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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For Parts I and III see CIS 99-997 and CIS 99-999 respectively. Topics: data sheet; description of equipment; files; hand tools; risk factors; safe working methods; Spain; wrenches. (73109)

CIS 99-999 Hand tools (III): General safety conditions. (Spanish: Herramientas manuales (III): condiciones generales de seguridad) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 5p. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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For Parts I and II see CIS 99-997 and CIS 99-998 respectively. Topics: data sheet; description of equipment; hammers; hand saws; hand tools; picks; risk factors; safe working methods; scissors; Spain. (73110)

CIS 99-1000 The safe use of vehicles on construction sites. HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 33p. Illus. 14 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-1610-X (In English)

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Topics: building-site traffic; construction sites; cost of accidents; danger zones; design of equipment; earthmoving equipment; hand signalling; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; legislation; safety guides; selection of equipment; statistics; training manuals; training material; trucks; United Kingdom. (72999)

CIS 99-1001 Working at heights in the broadcasting and entertainment industries. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1998. 2p. 11 ref. (In English)

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Topics: data sheet; entertainment services; falling objects; falls of persons; hazard evaluation; ladders; protection against falls from heights; scaffolds; step ladders; work at height. (72900)

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CIS 99-1002 Sensitization to industrial enzymes in enzyme research and production. Vanhanen M., Tuomi T., Nordman H., Tupasela O., Holmberg P.C., Miettinen M., Mutanen P., Leisola M., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1997, Vol.23, No.5, p.385-391, 18 ref. (In English)

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A cross-sectional study among 173 employees in two plants producing industrial enzymes and in their product development and research laboratories confirmed that industrial enzymes are potent sensitizers. The handling of dry enzymes in laboratory work may cause sensitization. Sensitization may even follow minute degrees of exposure, such as among office personnel. Atopics are more susceptible than nonatopics, but nonatopics are also clearly at risk. The demonstrated exposure-response relationship observed for enzyme sensitization and for respiratory symptoms during work emphasizes the need for and advantages of proper exposure control. Topics: allergens; allergy tests; amylase; biotechnology industry; dose-response relationship; dyspnoea; enzymes; individual susceptibility; rhinitis; sensitization. (72829)

CIS 99-1003 Actions to be taken in the event of an accident involving exposure to blood among health workers. (French: Conduite à tenir en cas d'accident avec exposition au sang chez les professionnels de santé) Forestié-Auter A.F., Domart M., Laville M.F., Abiteboul D., Leprince A., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.69, p.13-17. 15 ref. (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; exposure evaluation; first aid; health care personnel; immunodeficiency syndrome; infection control; infectious hepatitis; injection injuries; medical supervision; prophylaxis; vaccination; virus diseases. (72832)

CIS 99-1004 Occupational biological hazards: A practical classification. (Italian: Rischio biologico occupazionale: uno strumento di utilizzo pratico) Pietrangeli B., Papacchini M., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.100-108. 51 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: biological hazards; classification; infectious diseases; Italy; legislation; list of occupations; microorganisms; occupation disease relation. (72926)

CIS 99-1005 Results of the "SUMER 94" survey: Exposure to biological agents at work. (French: Résultats de l'enquête "SUMER 94" - Exposition aux agents biologiques en milieu de travail) Héran-Le Roy O., Sandret N., Leprince A., Abadia G., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1998, No.73, p.39-45. (In French)

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Topics: agricultural operations; biological hazards; biotechnology industry; exposure evaluation; fermentation; food industry; France; funeral services; health services; job-exposure relation; laboratory work; legislation; microorganisms; sewage treatment; statistics; survey. (73139)

CIS 99-1006 Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infections among North Dakota sheep producers. Guo H.R., Gilmore R., Waag D.M., Shireley L., Freund E., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.40, No.11, p.999-1006. 55 ref. (In English)

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A total of 17 cases of Coxiella burnetti infection were identified among 496 sheep producers, their family members and hired helpers in North Dakota, USA. The number of sheep raised was a good predictor of infection. Lambing outdoors and frequent physical contact with sheep during lambing were associated with higher risk. Q fever is now a reportable disease in this area. Topics: epidemiologic study; immunization; infectious diseases; livestock rearing; North Dakota; notification of occupational diseases; Q fever; risk factors; serological reactions; zoonoses. (72799)

CIS 99-1007 Risk of hepatitis A infection in sewage workers. Brugha R., Heptonstall J., Farrington P., Andren S., Perry K., Parry J., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.567-569. 12 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 241 workers in a large water and sewerage company, frequent occupational exposure to raw sewage was a significant risk factor for hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, independently of other known risk factors. Workers who are likely to be at risk of frequent exposure should have their immunity ensured. The salivary assay for IgG and anti-HAV described in the study is highly specific and would be suitable for prevaccination testing of older workers, who are more likely to be immune. Topics: antibodies; biological hazards; cross-sectional study; determination in blood; determination in saliva; infectious hepatitis; non-occupational factors; sewage treatment; vaccination; work in sewers. (72946)

CIS 99-1008 Asthma and allergy in New Zealand farmers. Kimbell-Dunn M., Bradshaw L., Slater T., Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen R., Fishwick D., Pearce N., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.51-57. 40 ref. (In English)

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The prevalence of symptoms of asthma and allergy was studied in 1,706 farmers from different farming groups throughout New Zealand. The 12-month period prevalence of current asthma was 11.8% overall, compared with 15% in the general population. Asthma prevalence was higher for horse breeders/groomers, pig farmers, poultry farmers, and those working with goats. Asthma was also significantly elevated among those working with cleaning powders. Women were more likely to report current asthma than were men. Hay fever was significantly higher in deer and crop farmers, and farmers working with horses and goats; eczema was higher for goat and deer farmers. The lower overall prevalence of asthma in farmers may be due to the healthy worker effect. Topics: agriculture; allergic respiratory disorders; allergies; asthma; eczema; frequency rates; grain dust; handling of animals; healthy worker effect; livestock rearing; New Zealand; poultry farming; questionnaire survey; sex-linked differences; swine. (73007)

CIS 99-1009 Respiratory and immunological findings in brewery workers. Godnic-Cvar J., Zuskin E., Mustajbegovic J., Schachter E.N., Kanceljak B., Macan J., Ilic Z., Ebling Z., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Jan. 1999, Vol.35, No.1, p.68-75. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

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Occupational exposure of 97 brewery workers to organic dust such as hops, barley, and brewery yeast and their respiratory function and immunological status were studied. There was a significantly higher prevalence of most chronic respiratory symptoms in brewery workers compared to controls, although occupational asthma was recorded in only 2 of the brewery workers. Smoking was the major factor responsible for the high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms. A large number of brewery workers complained of acute symptoms that developed during the work shift. Lung function was decreased compared to predicted, suggesting the importance of workplace exposure in explaining lung function abnormalities. Significantly higher prevalence of positive skin prick tests were recorded in 37 brewery workers for moulds, hops, and barley than in controls. The data suggest that both smoking and dust exposure in the brewery industry may be responsible for the development of respiratory impairment and immunological reactions. Topics: allergens; breweries; case-control study; grain dust; immunology; organic dust; respirable dust; respiratory diseases; smoking; ventilatory capacity; yeast. (73009)

CIS 99-1010 Bioaerosol exposure in waste collection: A comparative study on the significance of collection equipment, type of waste and seasonal variation. Nielsen E.M., Breum N.O., Nielsen B.H., Würtz H., Poulsen O.M., Midtgaard U., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, June 1997, Vol.41, No.3, p.325-344. Illus. 36 ref. (In English)

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Recent Danish studies on waste collectors' bioaerosol exposure are summarized in terms of median exposure levels of total microorganisms, culturable fungi and culturable bacteria. Factors affecting exposure include type of waste and type of collection vehicle: vehicles loaded from the top caused lower exposure to fungi than vehicles loaded at the level of the breathing zone of the workers. Exposure was also affected by season of the year. Exposure to total microorganisms counted by microscopy had a fairly high validity as an indicator of exposure to culturable fungi or culturable bacteria. Likewise, dust may also be used as an indicator of exposure to total microorganisms. Topics: bacteria; bacterial toxins; conditions of exposure; dust measurement; exposure evaluation; fungi; garbage collecting trucks; microorganisms; personal sampling; refuse collection; refuse; seasonal variation. (72817)

CIS 99-1011 Hygiene and first aid - 1. Risk of transmission of infectious diseases from blood or saliva during first-aid operations and training on a mannikin. (French: Hygiène et secourisme - 1. Risques de transmission de maladies infectieuses par voie sanguine et salivaire lors des interventions de secourisme et de l'apprentissage sur mannequin) Forestié-Auter A.F., Paollilo A.G., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1998, No.73, p.7-12. 28 ref. (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; blood; emergency services; expired-air resuscitation; first aid; first-aid equipment; first-aid organization; first-aid training; France; hepatitis; immunodeficiency syndrome; infection control; infectious diseases; infectious hepatitis; information of personnel; personal protective equipment; resuscitation training; saliva; vaccination. (73136)

CIS 99-1012 Hygiene and first aid - 2. Recommended health measures for occupational first aid and rescue workers. (French: Hygiène et secourisme - 2. Recommandations d'hygiène pour les sauveteurs secouristes du travail) Abecassis J.C., Abiteboul D., Bonnin C., Bouyaux L., Carduner G., Chazal J.P., Forestié-Auter A.F., Garcia E., Hibou C., Lanusse M., Leprince A., Velly P., Vogel B., Vuillerminaz C., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1998, No.73, p.13-19. 2 ref. (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; disinfectants; emergency services; face and eye protection; first aid; first-aid equipment; first-aid training; immunodeficiency syndrome; infectious hepatitis; javel water; personal hygiene; protective gloves; resuscitation training. (73137)

CIS 99-1013 Working safely with simians: Management of infection risks. Health and Safety Commission, Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 24p. 14 ref. (In English)

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Specialist supplement to CIS 97-1356. Topics: biological hazards; experimental animals; infection control; infectious diseases; legislation; rabies; safety guides; United Kingdom; virus diseases; zoonoses. (72895)

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CIS 99-1014 Reduction of spinal loading through the use of handles. Davis K.G., Marras W.S., Waters T.R., Ergonomics, Aug. 1998, Vol.41, No.8, p.1155-1168. Illus. 40 ref. (In English)

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A laboratory simulation of a warehouse palletizing task was carried out to investigate how different types of handle coupling affect spinal loading. The presence of handles reduced the complex loads on the spine, the maximum spinal compression forces being reduced by an average of 6.8%. Handles also affected movements imposed on the trunk in the lower regions on the pallet, indicating a difference in lifting style and/or more sagittal flexion. Results suggest that the multiplier for handle coupling in the 1991 NIOSH Revised Lifting Equation is appropriate for higher lifts (133.8 cm), but needs to be more protective for "poor" coupling conditions with lower vertical heights, which are the most common in industry. It is recommended that handles be designed into cases that are commonly lifted from low levels in warehousing and other manual materials handling situations. Topics: back disorders; body mechanics; box handling; design of equipment; handles; manual lifting; muscle contractor activity; spinal column. (72928)

CIS 99-1015 Load acceleration and footstep strategies in asymmetrical lifting and lowering. Delisle A., Gagnon M., Desjardins P., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.185-195, Illus. 37 ref. (In English)

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Topics: body mechanics; box handling; manual lifting; standing posture. (73081)

CIS 99-1016 Predictive models of carpal tunnel syndrome causation among VDT operators. Matias A.C., Salvendy G., Kuczek T., Ergonomics, Feb. 1998, Vol.41, No.2, p.213-226. 10 ref. (In English)

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Data on job exposure, anthropometry and posture factors were collected for 100 female video-display terminal (VDT) users who performed a variety of office functions. The percentage of the workday spent working with a VDT was the most significant factor in the causation of musculoskeletal discomforts associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Results also showed evidence of the importance of trunk and wrist posture in the development of CTS and indicated that individual differences in terms of anthropometric measurements play a significant role when combined with posture and duration. Results suggest that prevention of CTS is possible through ergonomic interventions in the design of workstations and jobs. Topics: anthropometry; carpal-tunnel syndrome; CRT display terminals; keyboard operations; length of exposure; mathematical models; office work; prediction; questionnaire survey; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; women; work posture. (72949)

CIS 99-1017 Symptoms and sickleave among forestry machine operators working with pronated hands. Grevsten S., Sjögren B., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1996, Vol.27, No.4, p.277-280. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Nineteen forestry machine operators worked with two types of hand controls. Harvesting operators who worked with their hands in pronated position were more often on sick leave than operators with their hands semi-pronated. This is one of several important factors related to musculoskeletal symptoms. The experience from laboratory and epidemiologic studies should be carefully considered when designing hand controls for machine operators. Topics: control elements; design of equipment; exposure evaluation; forearm rotation; hand; logging and forestry operations; musculoskeletal diseases; sickness absenteeism; work posture. (72850)

CIS 99-1018 Neck/shoulder and low-back disorders in the forestry industry: Relationship to work tasks and perceived psychosocial job stress. Hagen K.B., Magnus P., Vetlesen K., Ergonomics, Oct. 1998, Vol.41, No.10, p.1510-1518. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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In a national cross-sectional study of forestry workers in Norway, low-back disorders were more common among manual workers than among administrative workers. For machine operators and manual workers, an increasing level of psychological demands was associated with an increased prevalence of low-back disorders. The prevalence of neck/shoulder disorders was higher among machine operators and manual workers than among administrative workers. An increasing level of psychological demands combined with a decreasing level of intellectual discretion was associated with an increased prevalence of neck/shoulder disorders. Future organizational changes and preventive programmes in the forestry industry should take account of psychosocial work factors. Topics: age-linked differences; backache; cervicobrachial syndrome; cross-sectional study; forestry and logging; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; Norway; occupational psychology; stress factors. (72871)

CIS 99-1019 Sleep and wake patterns in aircrew on a 2-day layover on westward long distance flights. Lowden A., Åkerstedt T., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, June 1998, Vol.69, No.6, p.596-602. 25 ref. (In English)

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Sleep/wake patterns associated with a westward transmeridian flight and short layover were investigated. 42 aircrew were monitored for 9 days with activity monitors and diary before, during and after flight. Westward flights were associated with extended wake spans during layover, increased sleepiness and slow recovery on return home. Strategic sleeping may counteract the effect somewhat, but individual differences are few. Topics: air transport; circadian rhythm; sleep disturbances; sleep pattern; work time schedules. (72958)

CIS 99-1020 Quantitative biomechanical analysis of wrist motion in bone-trimming jobs in the meat packing industry. Marklin R.W., Monroe J.F., Ergonomics, Feb. 1998, Vol.41, No.2, p.227-237. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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The wrist motion of bone-trimming workers was measured and the kinematic data were compared to wrist motion benchmarks from industrial workers who performed hand-intensive, repetitive work in jobs that were of low and high risk of hand/wrist cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). Numerous wrist motions in both the left and right hands of bone-trimming workers were in the high-risk category. This quantitative analysis provides biomechanical support for the high incidence of CTDs in the meat packing industry. Topics: body mechanics; forearm rotation; meat industry; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; upper extremity disorders; wrist lesions; wrist. (72950)

CIS 99-1021 Health and safety problems associated with long working hours: A review of the current position. Spurgeon A., Harrington J.M., Cooper C.L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1997, Vol.54, No.6, p.367-375. 76 ref. (In English)

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Current evidence relating to the potential effects on health and performance of extensions to the normal working day is reviewed. Several gaps in the literature are identified. Research to date has been restricted to a limited range of health outcomes (mental health, cardiovascular disorders). Other potential effects which are normally associated with stress (gastrointestinal disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, depression of the immune system) have received little attention. Also there have been few systematic investigations of performance effects, and little consideration of the implications of a longer working day on occupational exposure limits. It is concluded that there is sufficient evidence to raise concerns about the risks to health and safety of long working hours. However, more work is required to define the level and nature of those risks. Topics: accidents and productivity; cardiovascular disorders; fatigue; health hazards; hours of work; literature survey; mental disorders; neuropsychic stress; psychological effects; smoking; work capacity; work efficiency. (72830)

CIS 99-1022 Method for objective assessment of physical work load at the workplace. Busser H.J., de Korte W.G., Glerum E.B.C., van Lummel R.C., Ergonomics, Oct. 1998, Vol.41, No.10, p.1519-1526. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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A method for the objective assessment of physical workload is presented based on the monitoring of gross motor activity as it occurs during the activities of daily living. The monitor was used to register the activities of a patient with chronic low back pain while he worked as a maintenance mechanic and as a messenger. The profiles obtained from the monitor indicated that the messenger job was more likely to cause low back pain. Topics: backache; case study; job-exposure relation; measurement of physical workload; risk factors; work posture. (72872)

CIS 99-1023 VDTs: Further contributions. (Italian: VDT: un ulteriore contributo) Tattoli P., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.90-99. Illus. 10 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: comment on law; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; ergonomic evaluation; health hazards; Italy; man-computer interfaces; musculoskeletal diseases; neuropsychic stress; risk factors; visual function disorders; work design; workplace design. (72925)

CIS 99-1024 Ergonomic design: A challenge for hospitals. (French: L'ergonomie de conception: un défi pour l'hôpital) Rocher M., Falcetta N., Gutierrez G., Gautron M., Michel A., Travail et sécurité, May 1998, No.572, p.16-33. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: cooperation; description of technique; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; hospitals; safety suggestions; tests on models; work organization; workplace design. (72938)

CIS 99-1025 A critical review of biomechanical, epidemiological, physiological and psychophysical criteria for designing manual materials handling tasks. Dempsey P.G., Ergonomics, Jan. 1998, Vol.41, No.1, p.73-88. Illus. 55 ref. (In English)

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Various criteria for defining acceptable task demands for manual materials handling (MMH) have been developed from the principles of biomechanics, physiology and psychophysics. Although significant bodies of literature exist on each class of criteria, there are still areas that need to be examined. Additionally, the validity of several of the criteria is unknown, primarily because of a lack of epidemiological verification of the criteria. A critical review of MMH criteria is presented. Shortcomings of and conflicts between various criteria are examined and areas needing further examination are highlighted. Topics: backache; body mechanics; epidemiology; ergonomics; literature survey; manual handling; manual lifting; occupational physiology; work design. (72947)

CIS 99-1026 Epidemiology of musculoskeletal disorders due to biomechanical overload. Grieco A., Molteni G., De Vito G., Sias N., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1253-1260. 33 ref. (In English)

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Studies on the association between work and musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs were reviewed. For some disorders and certain tissues, it has been reported that specific types of work-related exposure are associated with the development of musculoskeletal pathologies, and that the relative risks for certain types of occupational exposure can be extremely high. This has been proven in relation to tendinitis of the shoulder and hand-wrist, carpal tunnel syndrome and several localized aspecific musculoskeletal symptoms, such as pain. For other pathologies (lateral epicondylitis, cervical radiculopathy), the studies reported contradictory results. Topics: body mechanics; carpal-tunnel syndrome; cervicobrachial syndrome; epicondylitis; epidemiologic study; hand; literature survey; musculoskeletal diseases; occupation disease relation; physical workload; repetitive strain injury; shoulder; tendinitis; upper extremity disorders. (72971)

CIS 99-1027 An observational method for classifying exposure to repetitive movements of the upper limbs. Colombini D., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1261-1289. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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A model is presented for describing and evaluating the principal risk factors characterizing occupational exposure: frequency and repetitiveness of movements; use of force; type of posture and movements; distribution of recovery periods; and presence of other influential (additional) factors. For each risk factor, a method of practical detection is proposed along with criteria for classifying and interpreting the results based on a critical review of the literature. The concepts presented are illustrated with examples. The various factors considered are classified using numbers or indexes, so that they can be integrated into a concise exposure index. Topics: body mechanics; classification; description of technique; ergonomic evaluation; exposure evaluation; literature survey; motion study; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; work posture; workbreaks. (72972)

CIS 99-1028 OCRA: A concise index for the assessment of exposure to repetitive movements of the upper limbs. Occhipinti E., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1290-1311. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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A method for calculating a concise index of exposure to repetitive movements of the upper limbs is proposed. The proposal is based on the procedure recommended by NIOSH (US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) for calculating the Lifting Index in manual load handling activities. The concise exposure index (OCRA index) in this case is based on the relationship between the daily number of actions actually performed by the upper limbs in repetitive tasks and the corresponding number of recommended actions. Although still experimental, the exposure index can be used to obtain an integrated and concise assessment of the various risk factors analysed and to classify occupational scenarios featuring significant and diversified exposure to such risk factors. Topics: exposure evaluation; mathematical models; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; work posture. (72973)

CIS 99-1029 The occurrence of musculoskeletal alterations in worker populations not exposed to repetitive tasks of the upper limbs. Battevi N., Menoni O., Vimercati C., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1340-1346. 4 ref. (In English)

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749 workers performing tasks not at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs underwent a clinical examination using a standardized method. There was a very low prevalence of these diseases, particularly in the younger age range. The observed age-related increase in prevalence is in agreement with evidence in the literature and is confirmed as being an important confounding factor in these studies. It is recommended that even minimal prevalences detected in particular work environments should not be underestimated. Topics: age-linked differences; educational institutions; epicondylitis; epidemiologic study; frequency rates; musculoskeletal diseases; police forces; repetitive strain injury; sex-linked differences; tendinitis; upper extremity disorders. (72974)

CIS 99-1030 Application of the concise exposure index (OCRA) to tasks involving repetitive movements of the upper limbs in a variety of manufacturing industries: Preliminary validations. Grieco A., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1347-1356. 9 ref. (In English)

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A series of investigations was carried out to quantify exposure to tasks involving repetitive movements of the upper limbs and to quantify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) of the upper limbs in groups of exposed workers. Risk exposure was estimated using the OCRA index. The data resulting from the investigations were used for the study of models of association among the exposure variables, represented by the OCRA index, and the effect variables, represented by the prevalence of various WMSDs of the upper limbs. Results confirmed the efficacy of various models designed to predict effects, in which the independent variables are represented by both the OCRA exposure index and by parameters relative to the breakdown by gender and age of the groups of exposed workers. Topics: exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; manufacturing industries; mathematical models; medical supervision; musculoskeletal diseases; prediction; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders. (72975)

CIS 99-1031 Criteria for the health surveillance of workers exposed to repetitive movements. Ricci M.G., De Marco F., Occhipinti E., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1357-1363. 2 ref. (In English)

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A strategy for a health surveillance programme for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs is outlined. Aims of the programme are defined and relevant criteria for its implementation are identified. A screening schedule is presented based on subsequent investigations. Principal methods used for processing the results of the health surveillance programme are discussed with respect to collective terms (statistical comparison, planning of periodical investigations) and individual terms (job fitness judgments, reporting of suspected occupational diseases). Topics: degree of disability; exposure evaluation; limitation of exposure; medical supervision; musculoskeletal diseases; repetitive strain injury; risk factors; upper extremity disorders. (72976)

CIS 99-1032 Guidelines for designing jobs featuring repetitive tasks. Bergamasco R., Girola C., Colombini D., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1364-1383. Illus. 5 ref. (In English)

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Preventive measures aimed at minimizing the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs associated with repetitive tasks are reviewed. The focus is on structural measures involving optimization of the layout of the work area and furnishings, and the ergonomic properties of work tools and equipment. A practical trial conducted in a major engineering firm is described to illustrate the implementation of these measures. Fundamental principles guiding the adoption of specific educational and training programmes for workers and their supervisors are presented and discussed. Topics: check lists; design of equipment; ergonomic evaluation; job study; musculoskeletal diseases; repetitive work; upper extremity disorders; work design; work organization; work posture; workplace design. (72977)

CIS 99-1033 Criteria for the reintegration in the workforce of workers with musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs, based on preliminary practical experience. Battevi N., Bergamasco R., Girola C., Ergonomics, Sep. 1998, Vol.41, No.9, p.1384-1397. (In English)

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Results are presented of a preliminary study of the return to work of some 100 workers affected by musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs and their reallocation to jobs with low exposure. The trial involved: providing a definition of the criteria for the characterization of "accommodating" jobs; identifying jobs that meet these criteria; classifying affected workers according to the type and severity of the disorder; matching workers to the job best suited to them; training of workers and supervisors; follow-up of the returned workers in organizational and clinical terms. Results indicate that when workers return to the workforce in jobs that fully meet defined criteria, there is a significant improvement in symptoms. Topics: job study; medical supervision; programme evaluation; rehabilitation; repetitive strain injury; risk awareness; transfer to other work; upper extremity disorders; workplace design. (72978)

CIS 99-1034 Physiological comparison of three interventions in light assembly work: Reduced work pace, increased break allowance and shortened working days. Mathiassen S.E., Winkel J., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1996, Vol.68, p.94-108. Illus. 99 ref. (In English)

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Topics: assembly-line work; biological effects; fatigue; hours of work; muscle contractor activity; pain sensitivity threshold; pulse rate; repetitive work; skin temperature; speed of work; work organization; work time schedules; workbreaks. (73090)

CIS 99-1035 Evaluation of perceived and self-reported manual forces exerted in occupational materials handling. Wiktorin C., Selin K., Ekenvall L., Kilbom Å., Alfredsson L., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1996, Vol.27, No.4, p.231-239. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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Experiments were carried out to evaluate the ability of workers to reproduce simulated manual work forces correctly and to quantify these forces in Newtons (N) by means of self-reports. Simulation of manual push/pull forces used in familiar work tasks seemed to offer sufficient reproducibility to be worth testing for validity. Self-reports, used without previous training or without known 'reference forces', seemed to be very rough when the aim was to estimate in kg or Newtons. However, the fact that individuals could rank the forces correctly opens a potential for refinement of self-reports as a method for quantifying manual forces in objective terms, e.g. kg or Newtons. Topics: exercise tests; grip strength; human experiments; manual handling; measurement of work and effort; physical workload; pushing strength; subjective assessment; workload assessment. (72849)

CIS 99-1036 Human occupational and performance limits under stress: The thermal environment as a prototypical example. Hancock P.A., Vasmatzidis I., Ergonomics, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.41, No.8, p.1169-1191. Illus. 63 ref. (In English)

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This literature survey on contemporary stress limits for workers exposed to adverse thermal conditions shows that change in behavioural performance efficiency is the most sensitive reflection of human response to stress and such responses are superior as indices of incipient damaging effects compared to the traditional measurement of physiological function. Continuing exposure after work performance efficiency begins to fail, but before current physiological limits are reached, is inappropriate for both safety and productivity of the individual worker, colleagues, and the systems in which they operate. Behavioural performance assessment should therefore supercede physiological assessment as the primary exposure criterion. A new description of such performance thresholds for heat stress is presented, together with its substantive theoretical foundation. Topics: cognitive performance; heat load; heat stress indices; heat tolerance; human behaviour; literature survey; mental work capacity; neuropsychic stress; perceptual-motor performance; work capacity. (72929)

CIS 99-1037 Effects of changes in work methods on musculoskeletal load. An intervention study in the trailer assembly. Häkkänen M., Viikari-Juntura E., Takala E.P., Applied Ergonomics, Apr. 1997, Vol.28, No.2, p.99-108. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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The effects of changes in work methods, tools and work organization were investigated among workers in a trailer assembly factory. The number of repetitions of fundamental work cycles and wrist posture were estimated from video recordings and exposure imposed on the upper extremities in driving screws and drilling was computed. After implementation of changes, most workers worked less with a deviated wrist posture and the cumulative exposure on the upper extremities was lower. Lifting with twisted torso was reduced. With relatively simple, low-cost solutions, exposure to important risk factors of upper extremity and low-back disorders could be reduced. Topics: assemblers; backache; ergonomic evaluation; exposure evaluation; musculoskeletal diseases; physical workload; power-driven hand tools; upper extremity disorders; work posture. (72988)

CIS 99-1038 An electromyographic study of strength and upper extremity muscle activity in simulated meat cutting tasks. Grant K.A., Habes D.J., Applied Ergonomics, Apr. 1997, Vol.28, No.2, p.129-137. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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Muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography (EMG) in 15 subjects exerting force against a handle in postures similar to those observed in the meatpacking industry. Handle position had a significant effect on force exertion capability and on the EMG/force ratio in all muscles. Force exertion capability was maximized and the EMG/force ratio was generally minimized when participants pulled downward on a handle positioned at full arm's reach above the shoulder. For vertical cuts, force decreased and muscle activity generally increased as the handle height was lowered. For horizontal cuts, the full reach distance tended to allow greater force exertion with lower EMG/force ratios. The stab grip also tended to be associated with higher forces and lower EMG/force ratios than the slice grip. Results support the premise that musculoskeletal stresses in meatpacking tasks can be altered through tool and workstation redesign. Topics: design of equipment; electromyography; ergonomic evaluation; grip strength; hand knives; measurement of load on muscles; meat industry; motion study; muscular strength; upper extremity disorders; work posture. (72989)

CIS 99-1039 Dental workers, musculoskeletal cumulative trauma, and carpal tunnel syndrome: Who is at risk? A pilot study. Rice V.J., Nindl B., Pentikis J.S., International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 1996, Vol.2, No.3, p.218-233. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Topics: backache; carpal-tunnel syndrome; dental services; epidemiologic study; ergonomic evaluation; high-risk groups; job dissatisfaction; musculoskeletal diseases; repetitive strain injury; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; work posture; work-rest schedules. (73084)

CIS 99-1040 Load on the low back of teachers in nursery schools. Kumagai S., Tabuchi T., Tainaka H., Miyajima K., Matsunaga I., Kosaka H., Andoh K., Seo A., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1995, Vol.68, p.52-57. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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Topics: backache; bending posture; educational institutions; manual lifting; physical workload; work posture. (73089)

CIS 99-1041 Working conditions assessment: Methodology for the analysis of workplace ergonomics. (Spanish: Evaluación de las condiciones de trabajo: método del análisis ergonómico del puesto de trabajo) Nogareda Cuixart S., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. Illus. 1 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: conditions of work; data sheet; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; job study; manual lifting; noise; physical workload; repetitive work; Spain; thermal environment; work posture. (73105)

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CIS 99-1042 Stress in farmers: A survey of farmers in England and Wales. Simkin S., Hawton K., Fagg J., Malmberg A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.729-734. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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A survey of 500 farmers in England and Wales showed that potential sources of stress included problems with record keeping and paperwork, difficulty understanding forms, problems arising from the effects of new legislation and regulations and financial problems. The majority of farmers worked over 10h a day and many had health problems which interfered with their work. Results confirm findings from several regional studies that many farmers are experiencing considerable stress from various causes. Local and national initiatives to assist farmers should be encouraged. Topics: agriculture; economic aspects; hours of work; legal aspects; mental stress; neuropsychic stress; questionnaire survey; social aspects; stress factors. (72964)

CIS 99-1043 Psychosocial factors at work and sickness absence in the Gazel cohort: A prospective study. Niedhammer I., Bugel I., Goldberg M., Leclerc A., Guéguen A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.55, No.11, p.735-741. 30 ref. (In English)

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A long-term study of workers employed in various occupations by the French national electricity and gas company showed that low levels of decision latitude were associated with more frequent and longer sickness absenteeism among both men and women. Low levels of social support at work increased the number of spells and days of absence among men only. Psychosocial factors at work, especially decision latitude, are predictive of sickness absenteeism. Topics: cohort study; human relations; long-term study; power generation and distribution; psychology of absenteeism; risk factors; sickness absenteeism; social aspects. (72965)

CIS 99-1044 Stress and work: What is the meaning of "stress". (Italian: Stress e lavoro: che cosa si deve intendere per "stress"?) Liberati A., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, Oct.-Dec. 1997, Vol.10, No.4, p.40-48. Illus. 25 ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: biological effects; literature survey; mental stress; neuropsychic stress; stress factors; stress studies. (72924)

CIS 99-1045 Job strain, social support at work, and incidence of myocardial infarction. Hammar N., Alfredsson L., Johnson J.V., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.55, No.8, p.548-553. 29 ref. (In English)

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In a study of workers in four rural Swedish counties during the years 1976-1984, an increased incidence of myocardial infarction was found for men and women in occupations characterized by low decision latitude. For men, this increase was seen primarily in combination with high psychological demands (high job strain) and low social support at work. If these associations are causal, they may be of substantial importance from the point of view of workers' health. Topics: age-linked differences; epidemiologic study; human behaviour; job dissatisfaction; myocardial infarction; neuropsychic stress; risk factors; social aspects. (72944)

CIS 99-1046 Psychological harassment at the workplace: Mobbing. (Spanish: Hostigamiento psicológico en el trabajo: el mobbing) Camps del Saz P., Martín Daza F., Pérez Bilbao J., López García Silva J.A., Salud y trabajo, 1996, No.118, p.10-14. 14 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: behaviour study; bullying; human behaviour; neuropsychic stress; psychological effects; social aspects; Spain. (73057)

CIS 99-1047 Time constraints and autonomy at work in the European Union. Dhondt S., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1998. viii, 61p. Illus. 20 ref. Price: ECU 20.00., ISBN 92-828-2063-7 (In English)

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Topics: conditions of work; European Communities; hours of work; job dissatisfaction; neuropsychic stress; questionnaire survey; speed of work; statistical evaluation; work organization. (73048)

CIS 99-1048 Gender and working conditions in the European Union. Kauppinen K., Kandolin I., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 1998. viii, 67p. Illus. 29 ref. Price: ECU 30.00., ISBN 92-828-2847-6 (In English)

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Topics: conditions of work; discriminatory practices; European Communities; hours of work; neuropsychic stress; part-time employment; questionnaire survey; sex-linked differences; sickness absenteeism; speed of work; statistical evaluation; statistical trends; terms of employment; women. (73049)

CIS 99-1049 Role conflict and ambiguity. (Spanish: Ambigüedad y conflicto de rol) de Arquer M.I., Martín Daza F., Nogareda C., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 6p. Illus. 12 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: data sheet; human behaviour; human relations; industrial relations; information of personnel; mental stress; psychology of work organization; role of management; Spain; stress factors; work organization. (73106)

CIS 99-1050 Human behaviour in emergency situations: Analysis of individual behaviour. (Spanish: La conducta humana ante situaciones de emergencia: análisis de proceso en la conducta individual) Fidalgo Vega M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. Illus. 10 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: age-linked differences; behaviour study; data sheet; emergency organization; human behaviour; individual variables; risk awareness; sex-linked differences; Spain. (73107)

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