CIS 99-351 Act No.97-17 of 1 Dec. 1997 establishing a Labour Code. Title X - Conditions of work. Title XI - Health and Safety [Senegal]. (French: Loi n°97-17 du 1er déc. 1997 portant Code du Travail. Titre X - Des conditions du travail. Titre XI - Hygiène et sécurité [Sénégal]) Journal officiel de la République du Sénégal, 13 Dec. 1997, No.5776, p.521-526. (In French)

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Topics: conditions of work; hours of work; information of personnel; law; medical examinations; medical supervision; night work; penalties; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; role of medical labour inspection; safety and health committees; safety checks; safety officers; senegal; supply of personal protective equipment; women; workbreaks; workers participation; young persons. (72674)

CIS 99-352 The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1983 [Swaziland]. Photocopy on file at CIS. 25p. (In English)

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This Act repeals the 1963 Act on the same subject. Topics: accident absenteeism; degree of disability; fatalities; handicapped workers; injuries; law; medical supervision; medical treatment; notification of accidents and diseases; penalties; pneumoconiosis; responsibilities of employers; schedule of occupational diseases; sickness absenteeism; Swaziland; workmen's compensation. (72678)

CIS 99-353 The Factories, Machinery and Construction Works Act, 1972 [Swaziland]. Swaziland Government Gazette, 14 Apr. 1972, Supplement, p.S3-S19. (In English)

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This Act repeals the Factories Law No.15 of 1965 and the Mines, Works and Machinery Proclamation No.61 of 1960. Topics: accident investigation; approval; construction sites; industrial buildings; law; licensing of undertakings; machinery; manufacturing industries; notification of accidents and diseases; responsibilities of employers; restriction of use; role of labour inspection; Swaziland. (72691)

CIS 99-354 Constitutional law on work [Venezuela]. (Spanish: Ley orgánica del trabajo [Venezuela]) Photocopy on file at CIS. 29p. (In Spanish)

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Topics: accommodation; agricultural operations; air transport; canteens; child labour; commuting; conditions of work; dangerous work; domestic and related helpers, cleaners; first-aid services; home work; industrial physicians; labour inspectors; law; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employers; road transport; role of labour inspection; Venezuela; water transport; women; workplaces; young persons. (72695)

CIS 99-355 Directive and Regulation No.12 of 14 March 1997 on the conduct of workplace assessments with respect to working conditions [Russian Federation]. (Russian: Postanovlenie ot 14 marta 1997 g., No.12, o provedenii attestacii rabočih mest po uslovijam truda; Položenie o porjadke provedenija attestacii....) Bjulleten' Ministerstva truda i social'nogo razvitija Rossijskoj Federacii, 1997, No.5, p.35-65. (In Russian)

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The Directive promulgates the annexed regulation, replacing an earlier regulation of 8 Jan. 1992. The regulation sets forth a procedure for the evaluation of chemical, physical and ergonomic factors in the workplace, with reference to a list of 126 standards and codes of practice of the Russian Federation or the former Soviet Union. Standard forms for reporting the results of the assessment and certifying the state of the workplace are included. Topics: conditions of work; determination of concentration; directive; measurement of physical agents; premises and workplaces; Russian Federation; workload assessment. (72664)

CIS 99-356 Federal framework programme for improvement of working conditions and labour protection for 1998-2000 [Russian Federation]. (Russian: Federal'naja celevaja programma ulučšenija uslovij i ohrany truda na 1998-2000 gody) Sobranie Zakonodatel'stva Rossijskoj Federacii, 1997, No.46, Art. 5317, p.9338-9358. (In Russian)

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The programme is published as an annex to the Directive establishing it (No.1409 of 10 Nov. 1997). The total estimated budget is RUR 106.4 million. Topics: directive; economic aspects; national organization; occupational safety and health; Russian Federation. (72665)

CIS 99-357 Order of 7 Feb. 1997 concerning the CE marking of work equipment and personal protective equipment [France]. (French: Arrêté du 7 fév. 1997 relatif au marquage CE des équipements de travail et des équipements de protection individuelle [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 28 Feb. 1997, p.3245-3246. (In French)

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This Order repeals and replaces the amended Order of 18 Dec. 1992 concerning the CE marking of work equipment, protective devices and personal protective equipment. Topics: approval; France; law; machinery; marking; personal protective equipment; safety devices. (72671)

CIS 99-358 Decree No.93-449 of 23 March 1993 relating to safety and health committees and amendment of the Labour Code (Part 2: Orders of the Council of State) [France]. (French: Décret n°93-449 du 23 mars 1993 relatif aux comités d'hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail et modifiant le code du travail (deuxième partie: Décrets en Conseil d'Etat) [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 25 Mar. 1993, p.4677-4678. (In French)

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Topics: approval; conditions of work; France; law; plant safety and health organization; safety and health committees. (72673)

CIS 99-359 The Workmen's Compensation Regulations, 1983 [Swaziland]. Swaziland Government Gazette, 11 Nov. 1983, No.256, Supplement p.S66-S74. (In English)

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These Regulations were made under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1983 (CIS 99-352). Topics: compensation of occupational accidents; fatalities; handicapped workers; law; notification of occupational accidents; Swaziland. (72675)

CIS 99-360 The Workmen's Compensation (Medical Certification) Regulations, 1983 [Swaziland]. Swaziland Government Gazette, 11 Nov. 1983, No.256, Supplement p.S78-S82. (In English)

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These Regulations were made under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1983 (CIS 99-352). Topics: accident absenteeism; compensation of occupational accidents; law; medical examinations; Swaziland. (72676)

CIS 99-361 The Workmen's Compensation (Fees for Medical Aid) Regulations, 1983 [Swaziland]. Swaziland Government Gazette, 11 Nov. 1983, No.256, Supplement p.S96-S97. (In English)

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These Regulations were made under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1983 (CIS 99-352) and repeal the 1963 Regulations on the same subject. Topics: cost of accidents; cost of diseases; law; medical treatment; Swaziland; workmen's compensation. (72677)

CIS 99-362 Decree No.84-981 of 2 Nov. 1984 made in application of Article L.236-10 of the Labour Code and concerning the training of workers' representatives on safety and health committees [France]. (French: Décret n°84-981 du 2 nov. 1984 pris pour l'application de l'art. L.236-10 du code du travail et relatif à la formation des représentants du personnel aux comités d'hygiène, de sécurité et des conditions de travail [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 4 Nov. 1984, p.3428-3429. (In French)

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Topics: France; law; safety and health committees; safety and health training; safety officers; training of OSH personnel. (72682)

CIS 99-363 Notification of the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Re: Working safety of employees [Thailand]. Photocopy on file at CIS. 7p. (In English)

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Topics: building industry; law; mining and quarrying; penalties; safety officers; Thailand; training of OSH personnel; transport. (72683)

CIS 99-364 Accidents and occupational diseases (Notification) Ordinance [Tanzania]. Photocopy on file at CIS. 9p. (In English)

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Topics: accident investigation; fatalities; law; notification of accidents and diseases; penalties; schedule of occupational diseases; Tanzania, United Rep. of. (72692)

CIS 99-365 Ordinance No.3 of 18 Aug. 1993 relating to the Labour Act (Hygiene, OLT 3) [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance n°3 du 18 août 1993 relative à la loi sur le travail (Hygiène, OLT 3) [Suisse]; German: Verordnung 3 vom 18. August 1993 zum Arbeitsgesetz (Gesundheitsvorsorge, ArGV 3); Italian: Ordinanza 3 del 18 agosto 1993 concernente la legge sul lavoro (Igiene, OLL3)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 14 Sep. 1993, No.36, p.2553-2563. (In French, German, Italian)

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http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/sr/8/822.113.de.pdf
http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/8/822.113.fr.pdf

http://www.admin.ch/ch/i/rs/8/822.113.it.pdf

This Ordinance (entry into force 1 Oct. 1993) amends the Ordinance of 26 Jan. 1972 and revokes Ordinance III of 26 Mar. 1969 (see CIS 70-1520). Topics: conditions of work; evaluation of control measures; first aid; housekeeping; information of personnel; law; lifting of loads; lighting; microclimate; plant health organization; pollution control; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; supply of personal protective equipment; Switzerland; ventilation; welfare facilities; workers participation; workplace design; workplaces. (72694)

CIS 99-366 Decree No.6 of 15 Aug. 1996 concerning requirements and obligations relating to occupational safety [Bulgaria]. Dăržaven vestnik, 3 Sep. 1996, No.95, p.15-23. (In Bulgarian)

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Topics: building industry; Bulgaria; equipment, workplaces and operations; fire prevention; law; occupational safety; sanitary facilities; washing facilities; workplaces. (72698)

CIS 99-367 Main regulatory texts on safety and health 1997 [France]. (French: Principaux textes officiels en hygiène et sécurité 1997 [France]) Travail et sécurité, Apr. 1998, No.571, p.58-71. (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; asbestos; dangerous substances; disposal of harmful waste; explosive substances; France; ionizing radiation; legislation; list; noise control; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; occupational safety and health; personal protective equipment. (72552)

CIS 99-368 Decree No.89-1329 of 7 Nov. 1989 establishing the organization and operation of occupational health services [Senegal]. (French: Décret n°89-1329 du 7 nov. 1989 fixant l'organisation et les règles de fonctionnement des services de médecine du travail [Sénégal]) Journal officiel de la République du Sénégal, 24 Feb. 1990, p.112-116. (In French)

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Topics: approval; health care personnel; health service records; industrial physicians; interplant medical services; law; medical supervision; notification of occupational diseases; nursing personnel; penalties; plant health organization; plant health services; pre-employment medical examinations; role of management; senegal; workers participation. (72697)

CIS 99-369 Factories Ordinance, 1950 [Tanzania]. Gazette of the United Republic of Tanzania, 16 Dec. 1950, No.46, p.1-49. (In English)

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Topics: access to workplaces; air pressure vessels; conditions of work; dust control; enforcement; fire prevention; first aid; housekeeping; law; licensing of undertakings; lifting equipment; machinery guarding regulations; manufacturing industries; penalties; plant safety and health organization; pressure vessels and systems; role of labour inspection; safety and health engineering; sanitary facilities; steam boilers; steam vessels; supply of personal protective equipment; Tanzania, United Rep. of; welfare facilities; work in confined spaces. (72672)

CIS 99-370 Decree No.85-603 of 10 June 1985 concerning health and safety at work and occupational and preventive medicine for local public service employees [France]. (French: Décret n°85-603 du 10 juin 1985 relatif à l'hygiène et à la sécurité du travail ainsi qu'à la médecine professionnelle et préventive dans la fonction publique territoriale [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 18 June 1985, p.6710-6713. (In French)

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Topics: France; government services; industrial physicians; law; medical examinations; medical supervision; occupational medicine; plant health services; plant safety and health organization; safety and health committees; safety and health training. (72681)

CIS 99-371 Offshore Health and Safety Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.1-11. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) applies the Offshore Safety Act 1992 (CIS 93-356) and Part I of the Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 (CIS 74-2099) to the controlled waters of the Falkland Islands. Topics: Falkland Islands; law; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; piping; plant safety and health organization. (72684)

CIS 99-372 Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 (Application outside the Falkland Islands) Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.12-15. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) applies Part I of the Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974 (CIS 74-2099) to offshore installations, wells and pipelines in territorial waters or designated areas of the Falkland Islands. Topics: Falkland Islands; law; offshore oil extraction; oil well operation; petroleum and natural gas industry; piping; plant safety and health organization. (72685)

CIS 99-373 Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.18-49. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) applies the provisions of the Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-1339) to offshore installations. Topics: emergency organization; escape and rescue; Falkland Islands; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; law; major hazards; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; plant safety organization; responsibilities; role of management; safety and health committees; safety by design; safety checks; safety planning. (72686)

CIS 99-374 Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works (Management and Administration) Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.52-64. (In English)

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Topics: dangerous work; Falkland Islands; law; medical supervision; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; piping; plant safety organization; responsibilities of employers. (72687)

CIS 99-375 Management of Health and Safety at Work Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.67-81. (In English)

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These Regulations apply only in respect of offshore minerals exploration and exploitation. Topics: dangerous work; Falkland Islands; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; law; medical supervision; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry; plant safety and health organization; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; role of management; safety training in industry; subcontractors; young persons. (72688)

CIS 99-376 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.4, p.82-83. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) applies the provisions of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1992 to offshore installations. Topics: equipment, workplaces and operations; Falkland Islands; law; offshore oil extraction; petroleum and natural gas industry. (72689)

CIS 99-377 The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Order 1998 [Falkland Islands]. Falkland Islands Gazette Supplement, 30 Jan. 1998, Vol.9, No.5, p.2-3. (In English)

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This Order (entry into force 1 Feb. 1998) applies the provisions of the Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-6) to offshore installations. Topics: Falkland Islands; law; offshore oil extraction; personal protective equipment; petroleum and natural gas industry; supply of personal protective equipment. (72690)

CIS 99-378 Royal Order of 21 Apr. 1989 concerning the safety and working conditions of personnel employed in opencast mines and quarries and associated works [Belgium]. (Dutch: 21 April 1989 - Koninklijk besluit betreffende de veiligheid en de arbeidsvoerwaarden ven het personeel tewerkgesteld in de ontginningen in open lucht van de graverijen en de groeven en in hun aanhorigheden; French: Arrêté royal du 21 avr. 1989 relatif à la sécurité et aux conditions de travail du personnel occupé dans les exploitations à ciel ouvert des minières et des carrières, ainsi que dans leurs dépendances [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 10 May 1989, No.89, p.7913-7916. (In Dutch, French)

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Topics: Belgium; coal mining; conditions of work; dangerous work; dust control; explosive atmospheres; law; mining and quarrying; mining industry; noise control; opencast work; quarrying industry; restricted areas; safety checks; safety engineering. (72699)

CIS 99-379 Decree No.96-1132 of 24 Dec. 1996 amending Decree No.96-98 of 7 Feb. 1996 concerning the protection of workers against the hazards associated with the inhalation of asbestos dust [France]. (French: Décret n°96-1132 du 24 déc. 1996 modifiant le décret n°96-98 du 7 fév. 1996 relatif à la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à l'inhalation de poussières d'amiante [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 26 Dec. 1996, p.19126. (In French)

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This Decree modifies Decree No.96-98 of 7 Feb. 1996 (CIS 96-1543). Topics: asbestos; dangerous work; France; limitation of exposure; mineral dust. (72679)

CIS 99-380 Decree No.96-1133 of 24 dec. 1996 concerning the prohibition of asbestos [France]. (French: Décret n°96-1133 du 24 déc. 1996 relatif à l'interdiction de l'amiante [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 26 Dec. 1996, p.19126-19127. (In French)

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This Decree was made under the Labour Code and the Consumer Code. Topics: asbestos; dangerous work; France; labelling; marking; mineral dust; notification of dangerous substances; prohibited work; prohibition of use. (72680)

CIS 99-381 Special Decree No.20/1990 to provide for the registration and control of pesticide [Ethiopia]. Negarit Gazeta of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 1 Sep. 1990, 49th Year, No.21, p.149-155. (In Amharic, English)

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Topics: approval; disposal of harmful waste; Ethiopia; labelling; law; notification of dangerous substances; notification of occupational accidents; packing, filling; penalties; pesticide production; pesticides; prohibition of use; storage; warning notices. (72696)

CIS 99-382 Decree No.97-137 of 13 Feb. 1997 amending Decree No.75-306 of 28 Apr. 1975 concerning the protection of workers against the dangers of ionizing radiation in basic nuclear plants [France]. (French: Décret n°97-137 du 13 fév. 1997 modifiant le décret n°75-306 du 28 avr. 1975 relatif à la protection des travailleurs contre les dangers des rayonnements ionisants dans les installations nucléaires de base [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 15 Feb. 1997, No.39, p.2601-2602. (In French)

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This Decree amends Decree No.75-306 of 28 Apr. 1975 (CIS 75-1322). Topics: approval; France; industrial physicians; ionizing radiation; law; medical supervision; nuclear power stations; plant health services; radiation equipment and processes; radiation protection; subcontractors. (72693)

CIS 99-383 Order of 18 July 1994 establishing the list of pathogenic biological agents [France]. (French: Arrêté du 18 juil. 1994 fixant la liste des agents biologiques pathogènes [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 30 July 1994, p.11078-11081. (In French)

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Amended by Order of 17 Apr. 1997 (CIS 99-31). Topics: biological hazards; classification; France; fungi; law; list; microorganisms; parasitic diseases; pathogenic bacteria; viruses. (72700)

[ Top of page ]

CIS 99-384 Pentachlorophenol. (Spanish: Pentaclorofenol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0069. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: cardiovascular disorders; pentachlorophenol; chemical hazards; data sheet; dermatitis; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; neurological effects; pneumotoxic effects; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72561)

CIS 99-385 Perfluoroisobutylene. (Spanish: Perfluoroisobutileno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1216. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: octafluoroisobutylene; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; pulmonary oedema; Spain; threshold limit values; waste disposal. (72562)

CIS 99-386 Antimony trioxide. (Spanish: Trióxido de diantimonio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0012. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: antifertility effects; antimony trioxide; carcinogens; chemical hazards; data sheet; dermatological effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; pneumotoxic effects; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72563)

CIS 99-387 Hydrogen peroxide, >60% solution. (Spanish: Peróxido de hidrógeno en solución >60%) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 3-0164. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: hydrogen peroxide; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; pulmonary diffusion disorders; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72564)

CIS 99-388 Piperidine. (Spanish: Piperidina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0317. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: piperidine; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hypertension; IPCS; irritation; labelling; neurological effects; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (72565)

CIS 99-389 Pyridine. (Spanish: Piridina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0323. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; neurological effects; physical hazards; pyridine; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72566)

CIS 99-390 Polydimethylsiloxane. (Spanish: Polidimetilsiloxano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0318. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: polydimethylsiloxane; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; eye irritation; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; Spain; translation; waste disposal. (72567)

CIS 99-391 Propionitrile. (Spanish: Propionitrilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0320. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: asphyxia; cardiological effects; propionitrile; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; physical hazards; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72568)

CIS 99-392 Quinoline. (Spanish: Quinolina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0071. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: carcinogens; quinoline; chemical hazards; data sheet; diseases of retina and optic nerve; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; genetic effects; health hazards; hepatic damage; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; skin absorption; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (72569)

CIS 99-393 Rhodamine WT. (Spanish: Rhodamina WT) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0325. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: rhodamine WT; data sheet; elimination of spills; eye irritation; fire fighting; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; Spain; translation; waste disposal. (72570)

CIS 99-394 3-Nitroaniline. (Spanish: 3-Nitroanilina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0307. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: m-nitroaniline; chemical hazards; cyanogenic effects; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; labelling; methaemoglobinaemia; nephrotoxic effects; physical hazards; skin absorption; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (72571)

CIS 99-395 4-Nitroaniline. (Spanish: 4-Nitroanilina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0308. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: p-nitroaniline; chemical hazards; cyanogenic effects; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; labelling; methaemoglobinaemia; nephrotoxic effects; physical hazards; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72572)

CIS 99-396 Nitrobenzene. (Spanish: Nitrobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0065. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: antifertility effects; nitrobenzene; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; haematotoxic effects; hazard identification; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; labelling; methaemoglobinaemia; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72573)

CIS 99-397 Nonylphenol (mixed isomers). (Spanish: Nonilfenol (mezcla de isómeros)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0309. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: nonylphenol; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; translation; waste disposal. (72574)

CIS 99-398 Bis(chloromethyl) ether. (Spanish: Oxibis(clorometano)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0237. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: bis(chloromethyl) ether; carcinogens; caustic substances; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; genetic effects; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; skin absorption; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72575)

CIS 99-399 Aluminium oxide. (Spanish: Oxido de aluminio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 5-0351. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: aluminium oxide; data sheet; elimination of spills; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; Spain; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72576)

CIS 99-400 Cadmium oxide. (Spanish: Oxido de cadmio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 2-0117. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: antifertility effects; cadmium oxide; carcinogens; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; nephrotoxic effects; pneumotoxic effects; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72577)

CIS 99-401 Dibutyltin oxide. (Spanish: Oxido de dibutilestaño) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 4-0256. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: dibutyltin oxide; chemical hazards; data sheet; delayed effects; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; hepatotoxic effects; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; neurological effects; physical hazards; skin absorption; Spain; storage; teratogenic effects; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72578)

CIS 99-402 Nitrous oxide (liquefied). (Spanish: Oxido de dinitrógeno (licuado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0067. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: antifertility effects; nitrous oxide; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritation; labelling; liquefied gases; narcotic effects; neurological effects; physical hazards; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72579)

CIS 99-403 Ozone. (Spanish: Ozono) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 1-0068. International Chemical Safety Card. Topics: asthma; ozone; chemical hazards; data sheet; elimination of spills; environmental pollution; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; first aid; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; irritation; labelling; neurological effects; physical hazards; pulmonary oedema; Spain; storage; threshold limit values; translation; waste disposal. (72580)

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CIS 99-404 Office cleaning. (Spanish: Limpieza de oficinas) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 25p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-499-X (In Spanish)

Internet:
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_001.pdf

Topics: check lists; cleaning of workplaces; hazard evaluation; legislation; offices; risk factors; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material. (72653)

CIS 99-405 Safety: The big picture. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 12min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: plant safety organization; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; training material; unsafe acts; USA; videotape. (72597)

CIS 99-406 Safety orientation: With safety everybody wins. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 18min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: emergency organization; inspection; plant safety organization; responsibilities of employees; safety devices; safety rules; safety training in industry; training material; USA; videotape. (72599)

CIS 99-407 Prevention of occupational hazards - Self-study course aimed at health and safety representatives. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos laborales - Curso a distancia dirigido a delegados de prevención y miembros de comités de seguridad y salud) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 3 Modules (Module 1: 4 booklets 85p., Module 2: 4 booklets 89p., Module 3: 9 booklets 267p.). Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 84-7425-493-0 (In Spanish)

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Topics: hazard evaluation; information of personnel; legislation; occupational safety and health; plant safety and health organization; risk factors; safety and health committees; safety training in industry; Spain; training course; training manuals; training material; workers participation. (72660)

CIS 99-408 International labour standards - A workers' education manual. ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 4th ed., 1998. viii, 148p. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 20.00., ISBN 92-2-110330-7 (In English)

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Topics: conditions of work; employee rights; foreign workers; ILO; industrial relations; international agreements; older workers; role of workers organizations; training manuals; training material; women, children, young persons; workmen's compensation. (72584)

CIS 99-409 Automobile repair shops. (Spanish: Taller de reparación de vehículos) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 37p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-503-1 (In Spanish)

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http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_005.pdf

Topics: check lists; hazard evaluation; legislation; motor vehicle industry; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material; vehicle repair and servicing. (72657)

CIS 99-410 Improving working conditions and productivity in the garment industry - An action manual. Hiba J.C., ed., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. x, 165p. Illus. Price: CHF 30.00., ISBN 92-2-110849-X (In English)

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Topics: check lists; clothing industry; conditions of work; handling and storage; ILO; lighting; machinery; manual handling; natural ventilation; preventive maintenance; sewing; small enterprises; thermal environment; training manuals; training material; welfare facilities; work efficiency; work organization; work posture; workers participation; workplace design. (72590)

CIS 99-411 Bakery. (Spanish: Panadería) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 29p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-500-7 (In Spanish)

Internet:
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_004.pdf

Topics: bakery products industry; check lists; hazard evaluation; legislation; risk factors; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material. (72655)

CIS 99-412 Woodworking shop. (Spanish: Taller de carpintería) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 41p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-501-5 (In Spanish)

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http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_003.pdf

Topics: carpentry; check lists; hazard evaluation; legislation; risk factors; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material; woodworking industry. (72654)

CIS 99-413 Office safety: It's a jungle in there. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 20min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: electricity; falls on the level; fire protection; offices; plant safety organization; training material; USA; videotape. (72600)

CIS 99-414 Working safely with lead. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 20min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: lead; construction industry; health engineering; health hazards; limitation of exposure; medical supervision; training material; USA; videotape. (72596)

CIS 99-415 Asbestos: Understanding the hazards. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 22min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: asbestos; health engineering; health hazards; limitation of exposure; training material; USA; videotape. (72598)

CIS 99-416 Environmental response video News Magazine No.10, Winter 1998. EPA/ERT, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA, 1998. 1 videotape (NTSC) (length: 31.5min). (In English)

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Topics: asbestos; dangerous substances; disposal of harmful waste; flooding; neighbourhood protection; petroleum products; pollution control; safety films; USA. (72523)

CIS 99-417 Electricians. (Spanish: Instaladores eléctricos) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 41p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-502-3 (In Spanish)

Internet:
http://internet.mtas.es/Insht/practice/gap_002.pdf

Topics: check lists; electrical safety; hazard evaluation; legislation; risk factors; safety analysis; safety guides; small enterprises; Spain; training material; work on electrical equipment. (72656)

CIS 99-418 Let's lift and carry it the right way!. (German: Packen wir's an aber richtig! Heben & Tragen) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1997. 10p. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: Austria; data sheet; ergonomics; manual handling; manual lifting; safety guides; training material. (72770)

CIS 99-419 Sound solutions offshore: Practical examples of noise reduction. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. iv, 84p. Illus. 9 ref. Price: GBP 19.50., ISBN 0-7176-1581-2 (In English)

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Topics: acoustic enclosure; case study; check lists; glossary; legislation; noise control; noise level; offshore oil extraction; silencers; sound absorption; sound attenuation; sound isolation; training material; United Kingdom; vibration isolation. (72728)

CIS 99-420 Low-power laser safety. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 15min). Price: USD 410.00. (In English)

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Topics: helium-neon lasers; laser-scanner checkout systems; lasers; radiation protection; safe working methods; training material; USA; videotape. (72592)

CIS 99-421 Summer safety. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 10min). Price: USD 295.00. (In English)

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Topics: bites; drowning; heat exhaustion; outdoor work; poisonous plants; solar radiation; summer; training material; USA; videotape. (72721)

CIS 99-422 Machine guarding. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 18min). Price: USD 410.00, employee's guide USD 3.50. (In English)

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Topics: adjustable guards; fixed guards; interlock protection; machinery; safety devices; sensing guards; training material; USA; videotape. (72593)

CIS 99-423 Process safety management: It's just good business. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. Videotape (length 32min). Price: USD 495.00. (In English)

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Topics: comment on standard; process engineering; safety engineering; training material; USA; videotape. (72594)

CIS 99-424 Opening process systems: Part I - Planning and preparation, Part II - Performing the work. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. 2 videotapes (length 18min, 20min). Price: USD 495.00 each; 2-part series USD 695.00. (In English)

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Topics: maintenance; plant and process modifications; process engineering; repair work; safety engineering; training material; USA; videotape. (72595)

CIS 99-425 Integrated safety: Body movements and postures of lumberjacks. (French: Sécurité intégrée: gestes et postures du bûcheron) Caisses Centrales de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole (C.C.M.S.A.), Prévention des Risques Professionnels, 8-10 rue d'Astorg, 75413 Paris Cedex 08, France, no date. 31p. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: body mechanics; logging; manual lifting; safety guides; spinal column; spinal injuries; training material; work posture. (72556)

CIS 99-426 Ergonomics. Tel-A-Train, 309 North Market Street, P.O. Box 4752, Chattanooga, TN 37405, USA, 1996. 3 videotapes (length 17min, 21min, 18min). Price: USD 410,00 each, 2 employee's guides USD 3.50 each, supervisor's guide USD 66.50; 3-part series USD 985.00. (In English)

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Topics: ergonomics; human factors; manufacturing industries; office work; role of supervisory staff; training material; USA; videotape. (72591)

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CIS 99-427 Measuring perceptions of workplace safety: Development and validation of the work safety scale. Hayes B.E., Perander J., Smecko T., Trask J., Journal of Safety Research, Fall 1998, Vol.29, No.3, p.145-161. 32 ref. (In English)

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A 50-item instrument that assesses employees' perceptions of work safety, the Work Safety Scale (WSS), was constructed and validated using three independent samples. Results indicated that supervisor safety and management safety practices were the best predictors of job satisfaction and were significantly correlated with reported accident rates. Coworker safety and supervisor safety were strongly linked to employees' compliance with safety behaviours. WSS subscales were logically related to job stress, psychological complaints, physical complaints and sleep complaints. Implications of the results are discussed. Topics: human behaviour; job dissatisfaction; neuropsychic stress; occupational accidents; plant safety organization; questionnaire survey; risk awareness; role of management; role of supervisory staff; safe working methods; safety consciousness. (72461)

CIS 99-428 A goal-setting and feedback intervention to enhance organisational safety: Implementation problems and implications. Aitken K., O'Driscoll M., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, June 1998, Vol.14, No.3, p.245-254. Illus. 23 ref. (In English)

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A simple and cost-effective behaviour modification intervention was implemented at a marine engineering company. Goal-setting and feedback were predicted to increase employee utilization of safety behaviours and to enhance employee safety awareness. Results revealed no significant decrease in monthly accident statistics, but did illustrate an increase in safety awareness among participants. Topics: frequency rates; human behaviour; occupational accidents; programme evaluation; risk awareness; safety and health training; safety programmes; shipbuilding industry; workers participation. (72483)

CIS 99-429 The effects of the Quebec occupational health program on the elimination of dangers at the source. (French: Les effets du programme québécois de santé au travail sur l'élimination des sources de danger) Lévesque G., Berthelette D., Travail et santé, Mar. 1998, Vol.14, No.1, p.S-6-S-10. 12 réf. (In French)

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Mandatory occupational health programmes provided by public health agencies in Quebec are evaluated. Interactions between the number of services provided by local health teams, and (1) the value attributed to the primary prevention of occupational injuries by the firm's management, and (2) the length of service of the firm's occupational health and safety committee are positively associated with the number of measures implemented by the firms to eliminate the dangers at source. However, the low response rate decreases the statistical power of the study. Results indicate that outcomes of the programmes are associated with the programme process as well as with the implementation environment of the programme. Topics: health programmes; implementation of control measures; legislation; plant safety and health organization; programme evaluation; Quebec; safety programmes. (72548)

CIS 99-430 ISRS Safety management system in companies which have implemented the EN-ISO 9000 quality system. Experiences and conclusions. (Spanish: El sistema de gestión de la seguridad ISRS en empresas que han implantado el sistema de calidad EN-ISO 9000. Experiencias y conclusiones) Castells Manent J., Prevención, Apr.-June 1996, No.136, p.9-14. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: comment on standard; ISO; plant safety organization; plant safety supervision; quality control; safety planning; Spain. (72601)

CIS 99-431 Implementation of emergency plans in small and medium-sized enterprises. (Spanish: Implantación de planes de emergencia en las PYME) Carol Llopart S., Prevención, Apr.-June 1997, No.140, p.27-34. Illus. 7 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: emergency organization; information of personnel; legislation; plant safety organization; small enterprises; Spain. (72604)

CIS 99-432 Implementation of a prevention management system in a newly established steel plant. (Spanish: Implantación de un sistema de gestión de la prevención en una empresa siderúrgica de nueva creación) Laraudogoitia Zaldumbide P., Dalmau Meñica J., Prevención, Apr.-June 1998, No.144, p.26-31. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: hazard evaluation; information of personnel; inspection; iron and steel industry; job study; plant safety and health organization; role of management; safety and health training; Spain. (72607)

CIS 99-433 Basic safety training in small and medium enterprises. (Spanish: Formación básica en seguridad en la pequeña y mediana empresa) Carol Llopart S., Prevención, Apr.-June 1998, No.144, p.60-66. Illus. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: information of personnel; legal aspects; safety and health training; safety training in industry; small enterprises; Spain. (72610)

CIS 99-434 Housekeeping and safety: An epidemiological review. Dufort V.M., Infante-Rivard C., Safety Science, Mar. 1998, Vol.28, No.2, p.127-138. 26 ref. (In English)

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Topics: cleaning of workplaces; epidemiologic study; epidemiology; frequency rates; housekeeping; injuries; literature survey; occupational safety. (72704)

CIS 99-435 Sacrifice [Russian accident and disease statistics for 1996]. (Russian: Žertvoprinošenija) Profsojuzy i ėkonomika, 1998, No.2, p.62-68. (In Russian)

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Statistics were summarized by staff of the Ministry of Labour and Social Development from several unpublished sources, and commented on. The number of accidents per thousand workers was 6.1, up from 5.5 in 1995; the rates for fatal injuries were 0.155 and 0.138, respectively. In spite of the year-to-year increase, the overall trend since 1980 is downward for both fatalities and all accidents. There was little change in the proportions of workers exposed to harmful or dangerous working conditions, which ranged from 0.2 in communications to 3.8 in construction. Occupational diseases affected 2.18 workers per 10,000 in 1996. The long-term trend has been upward. Topics: fatalities; morbidity; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; Russian Federation; statistics. (72666)

CIS 99-436 Protecting workers' safety and health. Wei M., Chinese Trade Unions, Mar. 1998, No.1, p.7-8. (In English)

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Topics: China; labour inspection; legal aspects; role of labour inspection; role of workers organizations. (72451)

CIS 99-437 Collective bargaining agreements: Safety and health provisions. Gray G., Myers D.W., Myers P.S., Monthly Labor Review, May 1998, Vol.121, No.5, p.13-35. (In English)

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Safety and health provisions in 744 private-sector collective agreements expiring between August 1997 and July 2007 in the USA are examined. 433 agreements (58%) contained one or more separate safety and health clauses. The clause appearing most frequently (64%) was a pledge of union cooperation on matters of safety and health. Other frequently occurring provisions concerned the establishment of a joint local labour-management safety and health committee, provision of protective clothing, safety "dos and don'ts", furnishing the union with OSHA reports, reporting of safety and health needs and provision of first aid and medical facilities. Topics: collective agreements; first-aid services; plant safety and health organization; role of management; role of workers organizations; safety and health committees; supply of personal protective equipment; USA; workmen's compensation. (72463)

CIS 99-438 The working environment in the European Union: The difficult transition from law to practice. (French: L'environnement du travail dans l'Union européenne: le difficile passage du droit à la pratique) Newsletter of the European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety - Bulletin d'information du Bureau technique syndical européen pour la santé et la sécurité, Mar. 1998, No.8, Special issue on the TUTB Conference, p.19-35. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English, French)

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Topics: carcinogens; asbestos; comment on law; computer terminals; conference; CRT display terminals; European Communities; hazard evaluation; legislation; limitation of exposure; manual handling; musculoskeletal diseases; occupational safety and health; role of workers organizations; standardization; workers participation. (72760)

CIS 99-439 Proactive health and safety management systems. Charalambous A., Safety and Health Practitioner, Nov. 1998, Vol.16, No.11, p.37-39. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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Examines the importance of the initial status review in the process of introducing an occupational health and safety management system as advocated in British Standard BS 8800:1996. Topics: check lists; comment on standard; hazard evaluation; plant safety and health organization; programme evaluation; responsibilities; role of management; safety and health training; safety planning. (72509)

CIS 99-440 Occupational health in Germany and other countries of the European Union. Lehnert G., Wrbitzky R., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.9-18. 12 ref. (In English)

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The organization of occupational medicine, and undergraduate and postgraduate education programmes in the field are compared for Germany, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Italy and the United Kingdom. In many Member States of the European Union there is a lack of undergraduate training in occupational medicine, and systems for postgraduate training and assessment of occupational physicians are quite different. While the practice of occupational medicine and the responsibilities of occupational physicians are similar in the countries studied, the preventive approach and the interest in evaluating the structure, process and outcome of activities related to occupational medicine seem to take second place in some countries. Topics: Austria; Belgium; Denmark; European Communities; Germany; industrial physicians; Italy; legal aspects; medical supervision; national organization; notification of occupational diseases; occupational medicine; United Kingdom; vocational training; workmen's compensation. (72621)

CIS 99-441 Occupational safety and health and small enterprises. (Russian: Ohrana truda i maloe predprinimatel'stvo) Vojnikov E., Ohrana truda i social'noe strahovanie, 1998, No.5, p.6-10. (In Russian)

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Summary of and commentary on the recent "Recommendation on the organization and realization of occupational safety and health activities in small enterprises" promulgated by the Committee on Labour and Employment of the government of Moscow, in application of normative documents of the Ministry of Labour of the Russian Federation. Topics: comment on directive; occupational safety and health; role of government; role of management; role of workers organizations; Russian Federation; small enterprises. (72668)

CIS 99-442 Occupational injury and illness in the United States: Estimates of costs, morbidity and mortality. Leigh J.P., Markowitz S.B., Fahs M., Shin C., Landrigan P.J., Archives of Internal Medicine, July 1998, Vol.157, p.1557-1568. 114 ref. (In English)

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Approximately 6500 job-related deaths from injury, 13.2 million nonfatal injuries, 60,300 deaths from disease and 862,200 illnesses are estimated to occur annually in the civilian American workforce. The total direct and indirect costs are estimated to be USD 171 billion. These estimates are likely to be low because they ignore costs associated with pain and suffering as well as those of home care provided by family members, and because the numbers of occupational injuries and illnesses are likely to be underreported. Topics: cost of accidents; cost of diseases; economic aspects; fatalities; frequency rates; injuries; morbidity; mortality; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; statistics; USA. (72720)

CIS 99-443 Occupational health in Australia. Phoon W.O., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.363-371. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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The regulation and enforcement of OSH policies in Australia are mainly administered by the Industrial Relations Departments of eight State and Territory jurisdictions. A National Occupational Health and Safety Commission coordinates OSH at the Commonwealth level. In 1987, the six OSH priorities in Australia were listed as back pain, management of chemicals, noise-induced hearing loss, skin disorders, cancer and mechanical equipment injury. Approximately 500 work-related fatalities and 10,000 work-related injuries are notified for workers' compensation every year. In addition, it is estimated that there are several thousand cases of work-related diseases every year, many of which go unreported. Occupational physicians undergo four years of specialization training. Occupational hygienists, nurses and ergonomists receive training supervised by their respective professional organisations. Topics: Australia; fatalities; mesothelioma; national organization; occupational safety and health; ongoing research; public OSH institutions; repetitive strain injury; role of government; safety and health training; training of OSH personnel; workmen's compensation. (72732)

CIS 99-444 Factors motivating proactive health and safety management. Wright M.S., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. ix, 113p. Illus. 104 ref. Price: GBP 32.50., ISBN 0-7176-1588-X (In English)

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Topics: cost of accidents; cost of diseases; economic aspects; enforcement; implementation of control measures; legislation; literature survey; motivation; plant safety and health organization; report; role of labour inspection; role of management; safety consciousness; small enterprises; United Kingdom. (72755)

CIS 99-445 Safety Statistics Bulletin 1997/98. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 8p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; dangerous occurrences; fatalities; frequency rates; injuries; neighbourhood populations; non-occupational accidents; notification of occupational accidents; occupational accidents; report; statistical trends; statistics; town gas; United Kingdom. (72754)

CIS 99-446 Health and Safety in Employment Act: An overview. Campbell I.B., Uni-Osh Publishing, PO Box 1304, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 1998. viii, 114p. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-473-05212-1 (In English)

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Topics: accident investigation; comment on law; compensation of occupational accidents; criminal liability; enforcement; information of personnel; legislation; New Zealand; notification of occupational accidents; occupational safety and health; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; role of management; safety training in industry; workers participation. (72581)

CIS 99-447 Prevention at the workplace: The impact of Community Directives on preventive systems in Sweden, Finland, Norway, Austria and Switzerland. (French: La prévention sur les lieux de travail: impact des directives communautaires sur les systèmes de prévention en Suède, en Finlande, en Norvège, en Autriche et en Suisse) Vogel L., European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety (TUTB), 155 Bd Emile Jacqmain, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1998. 218p. 147 ref., ISBN 2-930003-21-9 (Fr), ISBN 2-930003-22-7 (En) (In English, French)

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Topics: Austria; comment on directive; comparative study; conditions of work; Europe; European Communities; Finland; industrial relations; legislation; national organization; Norway; plant safety and health organization; role of labour inspection; role of workers organizations; safety and health committees; safety and health institutions; Sweden; Switzerland; workers participation. (72586)

CIS 99-448 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health - Annual report 1997. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. 84p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Topics: Finland; health programmes; information services; international cooperation; ongoing research; public OSH institutions; report of activities; safety and health training; safety programmes. (72587)

CIS 99-449 Safety and the year 2000. Henderson J., Davidson G.I., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. viii, 76p. Illus. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1491-3 (In English)

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Report on problems associated with safety-related computer applications vulnerable to failure at the change of date to the year 2000. Topics: automation; computer applications; computer programme; computer-assisted control; electronic controls; occupational safety; report; United Kingdom. (72727)

CIS 99-450 Current research projects - Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. 147p. Index., ISBN 951-802-221-6 (In English)

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Topics: allergic respiratory disorders; antifertility effects; biological hazards; cancer; chemical hazards; ergonomics; exposure tests; Finland; mental stress; morbidity; mortality; musculoskeletal diseases; occupational hygiene; occupational physiology; occupational psychology; ongoing research; physical hazards; plant health services; report of activities; respiratory diseases; safety and health institutions; skin allergies; social aspects; toxicology; unemployment; work capacity; work design. (72751)

CIS 99-451 Health and safety in the workplace. Braunholtz S., McDonald I., Elgood J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. ix, 245p. Illus. Price: GBP 70.00., ISBN 0-7176-1591-X (In English)

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Topics: accident absenteeism; injuries; large enterprises; occupational safety and health; plant safety and health organization; questionnaire survey; report; risk awareness; role of management; safety consciousness; safety training in industry; sickness absenteeism; small enterprises; subjective assessment; United Kingdom; workers participation. (72756)

CIS 99-452 Mainstream research projects handbook 1998/99. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk Co10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. xviii, 135p. (In English)

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Topics: behaviour study; biological hazards; chemical hazards; civil engineering; dust measurement; epidemiology; ergonomics; fire, explosions; hazard evaluation; human factors; mechanical hazards; mental health; musculoskeletal diseases; ongoing research; personal protective equipment; physical hazards; public OSH institutions; radiation protection; report of activities; role of management; sampling and analysis; strength of materials; United Kingdom; vibration. (72757)

CIS 99-453 Report on the inquiry into workplace safety - Interim report. Standing Committee on Law and Justice, Parliament of New South Wales, Legislative Council, Parliament House, Macquarie Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2000, Dec. 1997. 259p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-7313-0036-X (In English)

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See CIS 99-454 for a government paper on issues raised in this report. Topics: Australia; criminal liability; enforcement; legislation; national organization; New South Wales; occupational safety and health; penalties; plant safety and health organization; report; responsibilities of employers; role of labour inspection; role of management; safety and health committees; safety training in industry; workers participation; workmen's compensation. (72758)

CIS 99-454 Issues paper on workplace safety. Standing Committee on Law and Justice, Parliament of New South Wales, Legislative Council, Parliament House, Macquarie Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2000, Feb. 1998. 23p. 36 ref., ISBN 0-7311-0905-8 (In English)

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Paper on issues raised during a government inquiry into workplace safety. See CIS 99-453 for the interim report on the inquiry. Topics: Australia; economic aspects; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; legislation; national organization; New South Wales; occupational safety and health; plant safety and health organization; report; role of government; role of management; safety service records; small enterprises; social aspects. (72759)

CIS 99-455 Workplace evaluation by external assessors. (German: Externe Fachkräfte in der Evaluierung) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 10p. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: Austria; cost of safety; data sheet; expertise; hazard evaluation; job study. (72767)

CIS 99-456 Human reliability: Methods. (Spanish: Fiabilidad humana: métodos) de Arquer M.I., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 6p. 14 ref. (In Spanish)

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Reference to CIS 98-1750 (basic concepts of human reliability). Topics: data sheet; description of technique; hazard evaluation; human behaviour; human factors; human failure; nuclear power stations; probability analysis; reliability; safety analysis; Spain. (72612)

CIS 99-457 Hazard evaluation; Assessment - Control (Workplace assessment). An introduction. (German: Gefahrenermittlung; Beurteilung - Massnahmen. (Arbeitsplatzevaluierung) Eine Einführung) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 18p. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: Austria; danger zones; hazard evaluation; implementation of control measures; job study; safety analysis; safety guides. (72766)

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CIS 99-458 Health surveillance using an occupational medical database. Gowers D.S., Carpenter A.V., Ellis H.M., Best A.M., Nash D., Holzner C.L., Keith J.B, Sherrard H.G., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.685-696. 76 ref. (In English)

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This pilot study sought associations between liver function tests (LFTs) and membership in homogeneous exposure groups (HEGs) at a large plant as pre-clinical indications of possible future occupational health problems. A company database yielded linear models for each of six LFTs in terms of sex, body mass index, age, race, alcohol and cigarette consumption and production/non-production job, permitting control for these in analyses of LFTs vs HEGs at the plant. Results show that large plant medical databases can be used in a systematic way to identify potential problems in occupational groups. Topics: age-linked differences; alcoholism; body weight; computerized data bases; exposure tests; harmful substances; job-exposure relation; length of exposure; liver function tests; medical supervision; sex-linked differences; smoking; statistical evaluation. (72444)

CIS 99-459 Risk for prostate cancer by occupation and industry: A 24-State death certificate study. Krstev S., Baris D., Stewart P.A., Hayes R.B., Blair A., Dosemeci M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.413-420. 65 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of death certificate data from 1984 to 1993 revealed an excess risk of prostate cancer in some white-collar occupations, such as administrators, managers, engineers and sales occupations, and in some blue-collar occupations, such as power plant operators and stationary engineers, brickmasons, machinery maintenance workers, airline pilots, longshoremen, railroad industry workers and other occupations with potential exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Risk was significantly decreased for blue-collar occupations, including farm workers, commercial fishermen, mechanics and repairers, structural metal workers, mining, printing, winding, dry cleaning, textile machine operators, cooks, bakers and bartenders. Overall results suggest that the effects of higher socioeconomic status cannot be ruled out in associations between occupational factors and risk of prostate cancer. Topics: case-control study; list of occupations; mortality; occupation disease relation; prostatic cancer; social aspects. (72452)

CIS 99-460 Occupational risk factors and prostate cancer in U.S. blacks and whites. Krstev S., Baris D., Stewart P.A., Dosemeci M., Swanson G.M., Greenberg R.S., Schoenberg J.B., Schwartz A.G., Liff J.M., Hayes R.B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.421-430. 50 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 981 confirmed prostate cancer cases, no clear patterns of risk were found for U.S. whites versus blacks, nor for white-collar versus blue-collar jobs. Farming was related to prostate cancer, although risk was restricted to short-term workers and workers in crop production; risk was not limited to those farming after 1950, when widespread use of pesticides started. Risks increased with increasing years of employment in firefighting and power plant operations, and were elevated among long-term railroad line-haulers and jobs with potential exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Overall results show that occupation is not a major determinant of prostate cancer risk. Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; case-control study; list of occupations; occupation disease relation; prostatic cancer; race-linked differences; risk factors. (72453)

CIS 99-461 Use of a life events calendar approach to elicit occupational history from farmers. Hoppin J.A., Tolbert P.E., Flagg E.W., Blair A., Zahm S.H., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.470-476. 16 ref. (In English)

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Interviews of farmers, focus groups and rural men, primarily African-Americans, were conducted to create a questionnaire for obtaining farm history information within the context of personal life events. Farmers used both personal events and national events (as well as events relating directly to farming) to recall their activities. These subjects had extensive history of farming (10-75 years) and chemical use. The life events calendar provided a useful tool to facilitate the recall of a lifetime of agricultural activity. Life events calendars are useful additions to the tools available for retrospective occupational exposure assessment. Topics: agriculture; anamnesis; epidemiology; exposure evaluation; harmful substances; questionnaire survey. (72457)

CIS 99-462 Occupational risk factors for breast cancer among women in Shanghai. Petralia S.A., Chow W.H., McLaughlin J., Jin F., Gao Y.T., Dosemeci M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.477-483. 38 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data from the Shanghai Cancer Registry and the Chinese National Census revealed elevated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for breast cancer among a number of professional occupational categories, with greatest risk seen among scientific research workers. Administrative clerks, political and security personnel and makers of rubber and plastics products also had significant excesses. For specific occupations, the highest SIRs were observed among doctors of Chinese-Western medicine and doctors of Chinese medicine. SIRs were significantly elevated for high probability of exposure to organic solvents. Based on a small number of exposed people, SIRs were elevated for both medium probability and high level exposure to pesticides. The elevations in occupations reported here support some previous reports. Topics: breast cancer; benzene; epidemiologic study; morbidity; occupation disease relation; organic solvents; pesticides; risk factors; women. (72458)

CIS 99-463 Surveillance for non-fatal work-related injuries in Alaska, 1991-1995. Husberg B.J., Conway G.A., Moore M.A., Johnson M.S., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.493-498. 19 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data from the Alaska Trauma Registry 1991-1995 revealed that the fishing, construction and logging industries had the highest number of reported nonfatal work-related injuries. Workers in the logging, water transportation and wood product manufacturing industries had the highest injury rates. For industries with the highest numbers and rates of injuries, falls were identified as a common cause of injuries. A fractured bone was the most common type of injury and the extremities were the most common body region affected. The Registry has proved to be a reliable tool for work-related injury surveillance and will be helpful in planning research priorities and targeting injury prevention efforts. Topics: age-linked differences; Alaska; causes of accidents; epidemiologic study; falls of persons; frequency rates; injuries; location of injury; occupational accidents; statistics; USA. (72459)

CIS 99-464 A death certificate-based study of occupation and mortality from reproductive cancers among women in 24 US states. Sala M., Dosemeci M., Zahm S.H., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.632-639. 40 ref. (In English)

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In general, jobs involving professional or administrative occupations were related to increased risk of mortality from endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, while cervical cancer mortality was increased among women employed in manufacturing, services, farm work and health care occupations. Associations were found with some occupations involving exposure to chemicals and metals, such as the association between cervical cancer and employment in printing, typesetting and machine operating occupations. An excess of ovarian cancer was observed in several occupations in health care, where there is a risk of numerous hazardous exposures including radiation, chemotherapeutic drugs and viruses. While results reflect, in part, socioeconomic factors and reproductive patterns, they may also indicate a possible aetiologic role for occupational chemical exposures. Topics: agriculture; epidemiologic study; harmful substances; health care personnel; list of occupations; manufacturing industries; mortality; occupation disease relation; ovarian cancer; printing industry; risk factors; service and sales workers; uterine cancer; women. (72468)

CIS 99-465 Assessing the relative importance of the components of an occupational tuberculosis control program. Nicas M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.648-654. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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A quantitative framework for estimating tuberculosis (TB) disease risk is developed and the most important component in reducing TB risk among health care workers is identified. Two important results are described: the rapid identification of tuberculosis disease in presenting patients is the most important element in the overall programme: once TB disease has been identified, the use of highly efficient environmental controls (including respiratory protection) becomes the most important element, especially for procedures such as bronchoscopy and autopsy, which can aerosolize large numbers of viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. Topics: aerosols; autopsy; bronchoscopy; hazard evaluation; health care personnel; hospitals; implementation of control measures; infection control; mathematical models; mycobacterial infections; prophylaxis; respirators; tuberculosis. (72470)

CIS 99-466 Silicosis deaths among young adults - United States, 1968-1994. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1 July 1998, Vol.280, No.1, p.13-14. 9 ref. (In English)

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Topics: age-linked differences; case study; construction industry; mortality; occupation disease relation; progressive massive fibrosis; race-linked differences; registers of occupational diseases; sandblasting; silicosis; statistical trends; USA. (72484)

CIS 99-467 Protection and care of skin at work. (Spanish: Protección y cuidado de la piel en el trabajo) Lange M., Prevención, Apr.-June 1997, No.140, p.37-46. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: barrier creams; protective clothing; protective gloves; safety and health training; skin cleansers; skin creams; skin diseases; skin protection. (72605)

CIS 99-468 Practical methodology applicable to problems related to the sick-building syndrome. (Spanish: Metodología práctica a aplicar a los problemas planteados por el síndrome del edificio enfermo) Adellac A., Carretero R.M., Prevención, Apr.-June 1998, No.144, p.9-23. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: air conditioning; biological hazards; chemical hazards; comment on standard; hazard evaluation; physical hazards; risk factors; sick building syndrome; symptoms; ventilation. (72606)

CIS 99-469 Ethical, social and scientific problems related to the application of genetic screening and genetic monitoring for workers in the context of a European approach to health and safety at work. Van Damme K., Casteleyn L., Medicina del lavoro, May 1998, Suppl.1, p.1-72. Illus. 61 ref. (In English)

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Topics: biological and medical tests; ethics; Europe; genetic screening; medical confidentiality; medical supervision; occupational health survey; plant health supervision; social aspects; special examinations and tests. (72786)

CIS 99-470 Respiratory tract inflammation in swine confinement workers studied using induced sputum and exhaled nitric oxide. Von Essen S.G., Scheppers L.A., Robbins R.A., Donham K.J., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, Oct. 1998, Vol.36, No.6, p.557-565. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 24 swine confinement workers and 14 urban normal control subjects, the swine confinement workers were significantly more likely to report wheezing, cough and sinusitis symptoms than were controls. Macrophages were significantly elevated in the induced sputum samples of the swine confinement workers compared to controls, while there was no difference in numbers of neutrophils. A small elevation in mean exhaled nitric oxide was seen in the swine confinement worker compared tocontrols. Spirometry values did not differ between the two groups. These two techniques, induced sputum and exhaled nitric oxide, may be used to study airway inflammation in swine confinement workers. Topics: agriculture; nitric oxide; cross-sectional study; determination in exhaled air; livestock rearing; respiratory diseases; sinusitis; sputum cytology; swine; ventilatory capacity. (72499)

CIS 99-471 Influence of the work environment in a Pb-Zn mine on the incidence of cytogenetic damage in miners. Bilban M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.455-463. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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In a study of cytogenetic damage in 120 miners occupationally exposed to radon and heavy metals in a lead-zinc mine, end points studied were structural chromosome aberrations, micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges. Radon measurements were performed and the effective equivalent radiation doses over a 2-year period were calculated. The mean values of the percentage of structural chromosomal aberration frequency were 4.09% in miners, compared to 1.43% and 1.88% in two non-occupationally exposed control groups. The frequency of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges were also higher in the miners. Findings should be interpreted with regard to simultaneous exposure to radon and metals (lead, cadmium and zinc). Topics: analysis of chromosome aberrations; radon; lead; case-control study; chromosome changes; cytogenetic studies; determination in blood; exposure evaluation; genetic effects; lymphocytes; mining industry; smoking; workplace monitoring; zinc. (72456)

CIS 99-472 Elevated liver enzyme activity in construction workers: Prevalence and impact on early retirement and all-cause mortality. Arndt V., Brenner H., Rothenbacher D., Zschenderlein B., Fraisse E., Fliedner T.M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.405-412. 41 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 8,043 male construction workers aged 25-64 years, the baseline prevalence of elevated activity levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) was 32%, 22% and 12% respectively. Factors most strongly related to elevated serum activity levels for all three enzymes were self-reported alcohol consumption, diabetes and hypertension. Body mass index was strongly associated with elevations in GGT and ALT but not in AST. Elevated levels of AST and GGT were strongly related to early retirement and all-cause mortality. Findings suggest that screening for elevated GGT and AST levels, which are a common finding among construction workers, may be a powerful tool for the identification of individuals at increased risk of early retirement and preterm mortality and may be helpful in targeting of prevention efforts. Topics: alcoholism; glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; cohort study; construction industry; enzyme activity; expertise; liver function tests; long-term study; mortality; smoking. (72737)

CIS 99-473 Cancer incidence among Finnish oil refining workers, 1971-1994. Pukkala E., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.675-679. 13 ref. (In English)

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Cancer incidence was studied in a cohort of 7,512 men and 1,942 women who had been employed for at least three months in a Finnish enterprise that was primarily active in oil refining. Based on national incidence rates, the standardized incidence ratios for overall cancer after five years at work was decreased by 12% because of a significant deficit from lung cancer in oil refineries. There was a significant excess of kidney cancer in males, which was highest among men with at least five years of employment in oil refineries. Male blue-collar workers had a twofold risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-melanocytic skin cancer. Occupational exposure to gasoline may be associated with increased risk of cancer of the kidney. Topics: cancer; motor fuel; cohort study; Finland; Hodgkin's disease; length of exposure; lung cancer; morbidity; petroleum refining; renal cancer; sex-linked differences. (72443)

CIS 99-474 Occupational skin diseases: Reliability and utility of the data in the various registers; the course from notification to compensation and the costs - A case study from Denmark. Halkier-Sørensen L., Contact Dermatitis, Aug. 1998, Vol.39, No.2, p.71-78. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data from The Danish Register of Occupational Diseases showed that nearly all occupational skin diseases were eczematous in nature (98%). Most cases were in the younger age group, women predominated over men and the dominant type of occupational eczema was irritant. Skin diseases (eczemas) ranked first among both recognized and compensated cases and were the most expensive. The data in the Register may provide a basis for establishing the most relevant preventive activities. Topics: compensation of occupational diseases; compilation of statistics; Denmark; eczema; irritation; notification of occupational diseases; registers of occupational diseases; sensitization dermatitis; sex-linked differences; skin allergies; skin diseases. (72511)

CIS 99-475 Ethical issues among Finnish occupational physicians and nurses. Martimo K.P., Antti-Poika M., Leino T., Rossi K., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.375-380. 12 ref. (In English)

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In a survey of Finnish occupational physicians and nurses on their ethical values and problems, both groups considered 'expertise' and 'confidentiality' to be the most important core values of occupational health services, corresponding with newly published ethical guidelines. Nearly all respondents had encountered ethically problematic situations in their work, but ethical problems with gene testing in the near future were not considered likely. Only 41% of the nurses and 36% of the physicians had received some training in the ethics of occupational health services, and 76% of all respondents never used available ethical guidelines. Results indicate that even if ethics play a vital role in occupational health services, the ability to critically evaluate one's own performance seems quite limited. This creates a need for further training and more practicable national guidelines. Topics: discriminatory practices; ethics; Finland; industrial nurses; industrial physicians; medical confidentiality; pre-employment medical examinations; questionnaire survey. (72516)

CIS 99-476 Effectiveness of systematic lung radiography during periodic medical examinations of workers in Cameroon. (French: Intérêt de la pratique de la radiographie pulmonaire systématique lors des visites médicales périodiques des travailleurs au Cameroun) Nouthe Djubgang J., Fayomi E.B., Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.95-98. 6 ref. (In French)

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Topics: Cameroon; chest radiography; cost-benefit analysis; emphysema; heart diseases; lobar pneumonia; lung diseases; medical supervision; pulmonary tuberculosis; questionnaire survey. (72545)

CIS 99-477 Lumbago-sciatica and pollakiuria: A coincidence?. (French: Lombosciatique et pollakiurie: une coïncidence?) Bruy C., Revel M., Surot O., Libertino G., Mauny C., Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.107-114. Illus. 19 ref. (In French)

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Topics: back disorders; backache; construction industry; lumbar column; pollakiuria; questionnaire survey; renal dysfunction. (72546)

CIS 99-478 Health and work: Preliminary results of the Sumer 94 survey. (French: Santé et travail: les premiers résultats de l'enquête Sumer 94) Heran-Le Roy O., Sandret N., ADSP - Actualité et dossier en santé publique, Mar. 1997, No.18, p.2-7. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: biological hazards; carcinogens; chemical hazards; France; health hazards; hours of work; length of exposure; medical supervision; occupational diseases; speed of work; survey; threshold limit values; work time schedules. (72554)

CIS 99-479 Additional medical examinations in occupational medicine. (French: Les examens complémentaires médicaux en médecine du travail) Médecine et travail, Mar. 1998, No 1, p.36-57. 11 ref. (In French)

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Topics: case study; ethics; France; health hazards; industrial physicians; legislation; medical examinations; medical supervision; occupational diseases; special examinations and tests. (72559)

CIS 99-480 Quantification of historical exposures in occupational cohort studies. Stewart P.A., Lees P.S.J., Francis M., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Dec. 1996, Vol.22, No.6, p.405-414. 42 ref. (In English)

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Topics: epidemiologic study; evaluation of technique; exposure evaluation; job-exposure relation; literature survey; statistical evaluation. (72781)

CIS 99-481 Prevention of occupational diseases in figures. (Russian: Profilaktika profzabolevanij v cifrah) Stepanov A., Ohrana truda i social'noe strahovanie, 1997, No.1, p.32-33. (In Russian)

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Occupational disease figures for 1993, 1994 and 1995 are discussed in relation to indicators of working conditions such as the number of workplaces where occupational exposure limits for chemicals and physical factors are exceeded. The data come from the State Health and Epidemiology Inspectorate (Gossanėpidnador). Topics: conditions of work; occupational diseases; Russian Federation; statistical trends; statistics. (72670)

CIS 99-482 Surveillance of occupational diseases in the United States. Henderson A.K., Payne M.M., Ossiander E., Evans C.G., Kaufman J.D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.714-719. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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Managers of state-based occupational diseases surveillance programmes were interviewed for information on their programme's characteristics and factors that contributed to their success. There were 68 programmes in 52 jurisdictions. Reportable conditions ranged from a specific disease to "all occupational diseases". Of these programmes, 56% met at least one of their objectives. Occupational conditions associated with successful programmes usually had short latency periods, were easily diagnosed and were related to a workplace hazard. They included agricultural injuries, burns, respiratory diseases, cumulative trauma disorders and poisonings due to lead, pesticides or carbon monoxide. Successful programmes had large budgets and more staff than did unsuccessful programmes, and also took actions after notification of a condition. Topics: burns; comparative study; compilation of statistics; economic aspects; enforcement; inspection; medical supervision; notification of occupational diseases; occupational diseases; poisoning; programme evaluation; repetitive strain injury; respiratory diseases; USA. (72447)

CIS 99-483 Advances in the prevention of occupational respiratory diseases. Chiyotani K., Hosoda Y., Aizawa Y., eds., Elsevier Science B.V., P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1998. xxviii, 1236p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-444-82791-9 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Occupational Respiratory Diseases held in Kyoto, Japan, 13-16 October 1997. Topics: aetiology; allergic respiratory disorders; asbestosis; asthma; byssinosis; carcinogenic effects; asbestos; chest radiography; coal mining; conference; construction industry; diagnosis; dose-response relationship; dust control; dust measurement; epidemiological aspects; information of personnel; lung cancer; medical supervision; medical treatment; occupation disease relation; organic dust; pathogenesis; pathology; pleural mesothelioma; pneumoconiosis; pulmonary function; radiological classifications; respirable dust; respirators; respiratory diseases; silicosis. (72785)

CIS 99-484 Primary prevention of cancer - Carcinogens in the general and occupational environment - Proceedings of the national seminar, Florence, 17 April 1997. (Italian: La prevenzione primaria dei tumori - Presupposti scientifici e strategie operative - Atti del seminario nazionale, Firenze, 17 aprile 1997) Medicina del lavoro, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.89, No.2, p.94-187. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Italian)

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Topics: cancer; carcinogens; benzo(a)pyrene; benzene; conference; electromagnetic fields; genetic screening; haemic and lymphatic diseases; Italy; legislation; medical prevention; passive smoking; ultraviolet radiation. (72787)

CIS 99-485 The sick building syndrome: Simplified questionnaire. (Spanish: El síndrome del edificio enfermo: cuestionario simplificado) Solé Gómez D., Pérez Nicolás J., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 6p. 7 ref. (In Spanish)

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Reference to CIS 95-1131. Topics: data sheet; offices; questionnaire survey; risk factors; sick building syndrome; Spain; symptoms. (72615)

CIS 99-486 Active immunization: A means of prevention. (Spanish: La inmunización activa: una herramienta de prevención) Alonso Espadalé R.M., Martí Solé M.C., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 4p. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: brucellosis; data sheet; echinococcosis; immunization; infection control; legal aspects; leptospirosis; rabies; Spain; tuberculosis; typhus; vaccination. (72619)

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CIS 99-487 Respiratory findings in workers employed in the brick-manufacturing industry. Zuskin E., Mustajbegovic J., Schachter E.N., Kern J., Doko-Jelinic J., Godnic-Cvar J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.40, No.9, p.814-820. 33 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 233 brick-manufacturing workers and 149 matched controls, there was a significantly higher prevalence of chronic cough, chronic phlegm and chest tightness in exposed workers than in the controls. A high prevalence of acute symptoms during the work shift was also recorded for the brick workers. Lung function, as measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), was significantly lower than predicted for the brick workers and suggested a restrictive pattern. There was a relationship between exposure and FVC. Significant chest roentgenographic abnormalities were not observed. Findings suggest early interstitial disease in these brick workers; a bronchitic component may also be present. Topics: airborne dust; brick and tile industry; bronchitis; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; case-control study; chest radiography; functional respiratory disorders; maximal expiratory flow; one-second forced expiratory volume; pulmonary function; respiratory diseases; respiratory function tests; restrictive ventilatory impairment; smoking; ventilatory capacity. (72493)

CIS 99-488 Effects of maternal work activity during pregnancy on infant malformations. Lin S., Gensburg L., Marshall E.G., Roth G.B., Dlugosz L., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.40, No.9, p.829-834. 23 ref. (In English)

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The association between two birth defects, neural tube defects and oral cleft defects, and maternal physical work demands during the periconceptional period was examined. Occupational exposure information was collected from mothers of malformed infants and from those of non-malformed infants. Case groups were further subdivided on whether infants had additional defects. Results showed no general differences between cases and controls in most variables. However, those infants with cleft defects plus additional defects tended to have marginally increased risk in relation to maternal jobs requiring standing. Topics: case-control study; embryotoxic effects; expectant mothers; exposure evaluation; physical workload; questionnaire survey; standing posture; teratogenic effects. (72495)

CIS 99-489 Breast cancer in female flight attendants. Mawson A.R., Lancet, 22 Aug. 1998, Vol.352, No.9128, p.626. 5 ref. (In English)

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Data suggest that work-associated disturbances in biological rhythms in general and melatonin production in particular are involved in breast cancer, and may contribute to the increase of about two-fold in risk of breast cancer among female flight attendants. A study of Finnish female flights attendants showed the risk to be most prominent 15 years after recruitment. Topics: air transport; aircraft; breast cancer; circadian rhythm; hormone secretion; hours of work; shift work; women. (72496)

CIS 99-490 The computer gives the answer. Surveillance of industrial injuries and ways to improve it. (Russian: Kompjuter daet otvet. Monitoring proizvodstvennogo travmatizma i puti ego soveršenstvovanija) Vovk A., Lapin A., Oljanič Ju., Uvarov A., Ohrana truda i social'noe strahovanie, 1998, No.2, p.36-40. (In Russian)

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The All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Labour Protection of the Ministry of Agriculture has built a database of fatal occupational accidents in agroindustrial complexes (agrarno-promy¿lennyj kompleks - APK), covering the years 1988-1996. Data were encoded from standard report forms. Analysis of the resulting 1.5 megabyte database gave many interesting results. For example, the third most dangerous occupation proved to be handling cattle (up to 130 fatalities per year), after tractor operation and automotive transport (over 700 and about 400 fatalities per year, respectively); hundreds of deaths were attributable to lack of training or information; some models of equipment were associated with fatalities. It would be useful to extend this system to other sectors across the Russian Federation, standardizing and automating data acquisition. Topics: agricultural operations; agriculture; analysis of accident causes; computer applications; fatalities; Russian Federation; statistical aspects. (72661)

CIS 99-491 The 1891-1920 birth cohort of Quebec chrysotile miners and millers: Development from 1904 and mortality to 1992. Liddell F.D.K., McDonald A.D., McDonald J.C., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Jan. 1997, Vol.41, No.1, p.13-36. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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Mortality experience of a cohort of some 11,000 male Quebec chrysotile miners and millers, reported at intervals since 1971 and now again updated. 9780 men were traced into 1992. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) have been reasonably steady since about 1945. At exposures to less than 300 mcpf.y (million particles per cubic foot x years) average SMRs were 1.07 for all causes, and 1.16, 0.93, 1.03 and 1.21 for gastric, other abdominal, laryngeal and lung cancer respectively. Conclusions are that such exposures have therefore been essentially innocuous, although there is a small risk of pneumoconiosis and mesothelioma. Higher exposures have, however, led to excesses, increasing with degree of exposure, of mortality from all causes and from lung cancer and stomach cancer. Topics: asbestos mining; Canada; cancer; chrysotile; cohort study; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; gastrointestinal cancer; long-term study; lung cancer; mesothelioma; mortality; pneumoconiosis; Quebec; respirable dust; smoking. (72531)

CIS 99-492 Improvement of Russia's Federal Mining and Industrial Supervision System under conditions of economic restructuring. (Russian: Sover¿enstvovanie sistemy Gosgortehnadzor Rossii v uslovijah reformirovanija ėkonomiki) Lozovoj V.D., Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1998, No.3, p.2-9. (In Russian)

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A condensed version of the report "Results of the functioning of Russia's Federal Mining and Industrial Supervision System in 1997 and measures aimed at improving supervision of industrial safety and decreasing the number of industrial accidents and breakdowns in 1998" delivered by Mr. Lozovoj at the 27-28 Jan. 1998 board meeting of the Mining and Industrial Inspectorate (Gosgortehnadzor). Topics: manufacturing industries; mining industry; report of activities; role of government; Russian Federation; safety and health organization. (72663)

CIS 99-493 Assessment of workplaces. The way it is done at "Avtovaz". (Russian: Attestacija rabočih mest. Kak ėto delaetsja na Avtovaze) Vituščenko V., Social'naja zaščita, 1998, No.2, Supplement "Trudovye otnošenija", p.22-26. (In Russian)

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The "Code of Practice on the Assessment of Workplaces regarding Conditions of Work" approved by the Ministry of Labour and Social Development of the Russian Federation on 14 Mar. 1997 does not take account of real-world conditions. The assessment process faces such basic difficulties as a lack of devices for workplace measurements and no provisions for their checking and repair. For example, the Avtovaz Co. would need 10 years to complete the process intended to be a short-term campaign. Topics: comment on directive; conditions of work; motor vehicle industry; occupational hygiene evaluation; Russian Federation. (72662)

CIS 99-494 Five steps to contractor vetting (A simplified systematic approach). Symington S., Safety and Health Practitioner, Sep. 1998, Vol.16, No.9, p.36-38. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: check lists; construction industry; plant safety and health organization; programme evaluation; responsibilities of employers; subcontractors. (72488)

CIS 99-495 Truck drivers' socio-professional lifestyle and health. (French: Mode de vie socio-professionnel et santé des conducteurs de véhicules poids lourds) Monfrin F., Guelfi-Legout B., Paris C., Gournay M., Poirier A., Centre Interservices de Santé et de Médecine du travail en Entreprise (CISME), 31 rue Médéric, 75832 Paris Cedex 17, France, 1996. 125p. Illus. 63 ref., ISBN 2-85525-335-7 (In French)

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Topics: age-linked differences; backache; buses; cardiovascular diseases; cross-sectional study; drivers; health hazards; hours of work; job dissatisfaction; mental health; musculoskeletal diseases; obesity; risk factors; sleep disturbances; social aspects; trucks; workbreaks. (72558)

CIS 99-496 Occupational profile and cardiac risk: Possible mechanisms and implications for professional drivers. Belkić K., Emdad R., Theorell T., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.37-57. 168 ref. (In English)

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Literature review of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among professional drivers (PDs). PDs showed more than twice the overall exposure to stressful work factors compared to referents. They also showed lower maximum bicycle exercise level with a higher double product and higher diastolic blood pressure at the end of exercise compared to controls. Catecholamine excretion has been reported to be elevated during driving. Ambulatory measurements showed higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in drivers before, during and after driving shifts. Reactivity to headlight glare has been shown to roughly parallel the degree of CVD severity in PDs with ischaemic heart disease, essential and borderline hypertension. An integrated diagnostic approach for PDs might entail using exercise stress testing with evaluation of silent myocardial ischaemia and heart rate variability during work as well as laboratory tests and catecholamine measurement. Assessment of left ventricular mass and further evaluation of atherogenic biochemical abnormalities would be of value for understanding the mechanisms of cardiac risk among PDs. Topics: blood pressure; cardiovascular diseases; catecholamine excretion; diagnosis; drivers; electrocardiographic changes; literature survey; mental stress; physical fitness; pulse rate; rehabilitation; risk factors; smoking; vigilance. (72622)

CIS 99-497 1997 U.S. firefighter injuries. Karter M.J., LeBlanc P.R., NFPA Journal, Nov.-Dec. 1998, Vol.92, No.6, p.48-53. Illus. 3 ref. (In English)

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Topics: causes of accidents; fire services; injuries; occupational accidents; statistical trends; statistics; USA. (72486)

CIS 99-498 Failing firefighters: A survey of causes of death and ill-health retirement in serving firefighters in Strathclyde, Scotland from 1985-94. Ide C.W., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.381-388. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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During the period 1985-1994, there were 17 deaths among firefighters in the Strathclyde Fire Brigade (none attributable to work-related causes) and 488 ill-health retirements. The most common reasons for ill-health retirements were musculoskeletal disorders, ocular disorders, injuries, heart disease and mental disorders. Over 300 of these retirements occurred after 20 years or more service. Topics: age-linked differences; diseases of eyes and related structures; fire services; heart diseases; injuries; morbidity; mortality; musculoskeletal diseases; statistical evaluation; statistical trends. (72517)

CIS 99-499 Occupational hazards and employment relationship of child car mechanic apprentices in Cotonou (Republic of Benin). (French: Risques professionnels et relation de travail chez les enfants apprentis garagistes à Cotonou (République du Bénin)) Fayomi E.B., Fourn L., Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 1st Quarter 1998, Vol.38, No.1, p.15-20. 8 ref. (In French)

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Topics: Africa; apprentices; Benin; chemical hazards; child labour; garages; health hazards; hours of work; injuries; labour-management relations; legal aspects; occupational accidents; questionnaire survey; terms of employment. (72542)

CIS 99-500 On domestic workers. (French: Approche de la profession de travailleuse familiale) Bertucat I., Colomb C., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Apr. 1998, Vol.59, No.2, p.84-90. 6 ref. (In French)

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This study was conducted to quantify the degree of discontent expressed by domestic workers during medical consultations with an occupational physician. While domestic work would appear to be satisfying in itself, many women were at risk of depressive illness. There is a need for increased training and support to help these women overcome the problems encountered in their daily contact with deprived families. Topics: conditions of work; depressive neurosis; domestic and related helpers, cleaners; mental health; questionnaire survey; sickness absenteeism; state of health; women. (72547)

CIS 99-501 Accident indicators and profiles as a function of the age of female nurses and food services workers in the Québec health and social services sector. Cloutier E., David H., Duguay P., Safety Science, Mar. 1998, Vol.28, No.2, p.111-125. Illus. 47 ref. (In English)

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Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of accident occurrence and severity rates and descriptive accident profiles were carried out among female nurses and food services workers in Quebec. Results revealed a decrease of occurrence rate with age in both occupations, and an increase in accident severity with age among food services workers. Seven age-related accident profiles were identified, such as low back pain among young nurses and wrist and shoulder pain among older food services workers. Falls were typical of older workers irrespective of occupation. The results illustrate the importance of using homogenous occupational groups, multiple sources of accident data, and both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses when conducting research on aging. Topics: age; age-linked differences; analysis of accident causes; backache; Canada; community services; epidemiologic study; falls on the level; frequency rates; nursing personnel; occupational accidents; Quebec; severity rates; shoulder; strain injuries; tendinitis; women; wrist. (72703)

CIS 99-502 1997 Firefighter fatalities. Washburn A.E., LeBlanc P.R., Fahy R.F., NFPA Journal, July-Aug. 1998, Vol.92, No.4, p.50-58. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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Statistics of firefighter deaths in the USA in 1997 with some trends from 1977. Topics: analysis of accident causes; fatalities; fire services; statistical trends; statistics; USA. (72739)

CIS 99-503 Occupational injuries among older workers with visual, auditory and other impairments. Zwerling C., Whitten P.S., Davis C.S., Sprince N.L., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.720-723. 7 ref. (In English)

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An attempt was made to validate a previously defined model of risk of occupational injuries among older workers with visual, auditory or other impairments. That model, based upon the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), was recalculated using data from the 1994 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The parameter estimates for impaired hearing (1.81 in NHIS, 1.55 in HRS), impaired vision (2.42 in NHIS, 1.48 in HRS) and self-employment (0.22 in NHIS, 0.49 in HRS) were in the same direction and of roughly the same magnitude. The previously defined model was confirmed using NHIS data. The data suggest that as the workforce ages, more attention must be paid to the accommodation of disabilities in the workplace, especially sensory impairments. Topics: age-linked differences; handicapped workers; hearing loss; occupational accidents; older workers; physical fitness; risk factors; statistical evaluation; visual function disorders. (72448)

CIS 99-504 Usefulness of accident declaration forms for occupational accident statistics. (Spanish: Utilidad de los partes de accidente en las estadísticas de siniestralidad laboral) Vázquez Villanueva J.R., Prevención, Apr.-June 1998, No.144, p.34-44. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: analysis of accident causes; brick and tile industry; hand injuries; notification of occupational accidents; statistical aspects. (72608)

CIS 99-505 Occupational injuries among adolescents in Washington State, 1988-1991. Miller M.E., Kaufman J.D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.34, No.2, p.121-132. 34 ref. (In English)

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17,800 claims among adolescents from age 11 through 17 years were accepted by Washington State workers' compensation between 1988 and 1991. They included 3 occupational fatalities, 22 amputations, and 464 fractures. The crude injury rate for 16-17 year olds was similar to that seen among adults (9.0 vs. 10.4 per 100 workers) despite the fact that minors work fewer hours per year. The rate among boys was almost twice that of girls (11.7 vs. 6.4 per 100 workers). Highest rates per 100 workers were in public administration (27), construction (21.1), agriculture (11.4), and restaurants (11). The injury rate adjusted for the number of hours worked among 16-17 year olds was 19.4/100 full-time equivalents compared to 10.6 of 100 full-time equivalents for adults. Most injuries were lacerations, sprains and strains, contusions, and burns. Topics: burns; contusion; fatalities; fractures; frequency rates; hours of work; injuries; job-exposure relation; sex-linked differences; sprains; strain injuries; survey; traumatic amputation; USA; Washington; wounds; young persons. (72626)

CIS 99-506 Agricultural disease and injury research - Bibliography 1990-1996. Publications Dissemination, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, July 1997. 141p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Topics: agriculture; bibliography; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; health hazards; high-risk groups; injuries; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; personal protective equipment; research; safety and health training; USA. (72529)

CIS 99-507 CONCAWE Review 7:1. CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, Vol.7, No.1, Apr. 1998. 25p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: airborne dust; atmospheric pollution; computerized data bases; economic aspects; exhaust gases; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; petroleum and natural gas industry; petroleum products; petroleum refining; pollution control; report of activities; sea transport; supply of information. (72710)

CIS 99-508 Design of waste treatment plants for household and similar waste. (French: Conception des usines de traitement des ordures ménagères et déchets assimilés) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Mar. 1998. 114p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 2-7389-0683-4 (In French)

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Topics: access to workplaces; artificial lighting; control circuits; electrical safety; fire protection; garbage incineration; garbage processing; machinery; materials handling; noise control; premises and workplaces; safe layout; safety by design; storage; thermal environment; ventilation; workplace design. (72557)

CIS 99-509 Terms of employment and working conditions in health sector reforms. (French: Conditions d'emploi et de travail dans les réformes du secteur de la santé) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. vii, 92p. Illus. Price: CHF 17.50., ISBN 92-2-111070-2 (En), ISBN 92-2-211070-6 (Fr) (In English, French)

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Topics: conditions of work; health care personnel; health services; hours of work; ILO; international agreements; neuropsychic stress; night work; physical hazards; report; shift work; violence; work organization. (72588)

CIS 99-510 Human resource development in the public service in the context of structural adjustment and transition. (French: Mise en valeur des ressources humaines dans la fonction publique dans le cadre de l'ajustement structurel et de la transition) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. vii, 79p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 17.50., ISBN 92-2-111295-0 (En), ISBN 92-2-211295-4 (Fr) (In English, French)

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Topics: community services; conditions of work; developing countries; ILO; international agreements; report; technical development; terms of employment; violence; work organization. (72589)

CIS 99-511 Children at work: Health and safety risks. Forastieri V., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1997. ix, 138p. Illus. 149 ref. Price: CHF 25.00., ISBN 92-2-109520-7 (In English)

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Topics: chemical hazards; child labour; compilation of statistics; conditions of work; dangerous work; enforcement; health hazards; health programmes; ILO; international agreements; legal aspects; list of occupations; occupational accidents; occupational diseases; physical hazards; prohibited work; psychological effects; risk factors; role of government; safety and health training; safety programmes. (72521)

CIS 99-512 Protective clothing used on building sites and in workshops in the construction industry - Selection and use. (French: Vêtements de protection utilisés dans les chantiers et les ateliers du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics - Choix et utilisation) Organisme Professionnel de Prévention du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics, Cahiers des Comités de prévention du bâtiment et des travaux publics, Mar.-Apr. 1998, No.2. 4p. Insert. Illus. 4 ref. (In French)

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Topics: approval; chemical protective clothing; comfort criteria; construction industry; construction sites; data sheet; France; heat protective clothing; legal aspects; protection criteria; protective clothing; selection of equipment; supply of personal protective equipment; work clothing. (72553)

CIS 99-513 Manual handling in paper mills. Ionising radiations in the paper and board industry. Health and Safety Commission, Paper and Board Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. Two booklets sold as a single item: vii, 28p. and iii, 27p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 7.50., ISBN 0-7176-0801-8 (In English)

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Topics: back disorders; emergency organization; ergonomic evaluation; glossary; hazard evaluation; health hazards; information of personnel; ionizing radiation; legislation; manual handling; paper and paper products industry; paper ream handling; radiation monitoring; radiation protection; radiation shielding; radioactive sources; reeled materials handling; responsibilities of employees; responsibilities of employers; risk factors; safety by design; safety guides; United Kingdom; warning notices. (72725)

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CIS 99-514 The international electronics industry. Ladou J., Rohm T., International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jan.-Mar. 1998, Vol.4, No.1, p.1-18. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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The manufacture of microelectronics products is accompanied by a high incidence of occupational illnesses, which may reflect the widespread use of toxic materials, including metals, photoactive chemicals, solvents, acids and toxic gases. There are also problems of radiation exposure and occupational stressors. The fast-paced changes of the technology underlying this industry, as well as stringent security precautions, have added to the difficultly of instituting proper health and safety measures. The microelectronics industry is a good example of an industry that is exported to many areas of the world before health and safety problems have been properly addressed and resolved. Topics: abortion; electronics industry; epidemiological aspects; harmful substances; health hazards; manufacturing processes; semiconductor devices; welding fumes. (72487)

CIS 99-515 Testing safety-related control systems for year 2000 compliance. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. v, 17p. Illus. 4 ref. Price: GBP 5.50., ISBN 0-7176-1596-0 (In English)

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Topics: check lists; computer applications; computer programme; computer-assisted control; electronic controls; equipment testing; occupational safety; United Kingdom. (72705)

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CIS 99-516 A portable vapor/particle sampler. Xiong J.Q., Fang C., Cohen B.S., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1998, Vol.59, No.9, p.614-621. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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A prototype portable vapour/particle sampler has been designed for sampling and quantifying the phase distribution of volatile components in micrometer-sized airborne particles and coexisting gaseous phase based on differential inertia. The sampler was laboratory tested and validated. The sampler is a low-cost and lightweight device that can be driven by a single standard personal sampling pump. The mass quantities of materials collected can be determined by standard analytical procedures. Combined with an appropriate size-selective inlet, the sampler may be used as a personal inhalable or respirable volatile aerosol sampler for occupational exposure to volatile organic chemicals, especially in industrial spray work environments where particle sizes are frequently large. Topics: aerosols; air sampling; airborne dust; collection efficiency; description of equipment; evaluation of equipment; exposure evaluation; passive dosimeters; personal sampling; volatile substances. (72471)

CIS 99-517 The effectiveness of local exhaust-ventilated (shrouded) hand power tools used for grinding/sanding composite materials. Teitsworth J.E., Sheehan M.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.689-693. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

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A portable hand tool used for machining composite materials was fitted with an enveloping shroud which was connected to a vacuum source to remove particles generated by the tool. Dust exposure was measured during the sanding and grinding of fibrous glass/epoxy composite materials using a shrouded and an unshrouded tool. While use of the shroud reduced airborne total dust concentrations, the effect of a shroud on respirable dust exposure was inconclusive because of the limited amount of respirable dust collected in these short-term samples. Topics: abrasive operations; aerosols; air sampling; airborne dust; description of equipment; evaluation of equipment; exhaust hoods; field tests; hand tools; local exhaust; personal sampling; respirable dust. (72502)

CIS 99-518 Comparison of cytotoxicity of man-made vitreous fibres. Luoto K., Holopainen M., Sarataho M., Savolainen K., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Jan. 1997, Vol.41, No.1, p.37-50. Illus. 55 ref. (In English)

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The cytotoxicity of four refractory ceramic fibres, two glasswool fibres, a rockwool fibre and a slagwool fibre was compared to that induced by quartz, chrysotile and titanium dioxide. The results suggest that cytotoxicity of man-made vitreous fibres (MMVFs) is relatively mild and close to that induced by titanium dioxide. There were, nevertheless, clear-cut differences between the potency of various MMVFs to induce cytotoxicity and oxidative burst. The findings emphasize the importance of using several measures of toxicity when assessing the biological activity of various fibres in vitro. Topics: chrysotile; titanium dioxide; quartz; ceramic fibres; comparative study; cytotoxic effects; dose-response relationship; glass fibre; haemolysis; in vitro experiments; man-made fibres; mineral wool; toxicity evaluation. (72532)

CIS 99-519 Influence of water mist on the measured values by various dust measuring instruments. (Japanese: uōtāmisuto ga kakusyu funjinkei no sokuteichi ni ataeru eikyō) Narukiyo Y., Tsukashima H., Nagoya T., Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, Nov. 1997, Vol.73, No.11, p.453-460. Illus. 13 ref. (In Japanese)

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Summary in English. Dust measurements by light scattering detectors, including a digital dust monitor (P-5H) and a personal dust monitoring system, were significantly influenced by mist. The mist increased the measured values, but not always in proportion to the sum of dust concentrations and mist concentrations. The mist also influenced permeation characteristics of a total and respirable dust sampler and a low volume air sampler fitted with a multistage classifier. Results suggest that dust concentrations should be measured by a detector that can remove the influence of mist. Topics: accuracy; dust measurement; dust measuring instruments; evaluation of equipment; humidity; mists. (72746)

CIS 99-520 Stability studies of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) on glass fiber filters. Karoly W.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1998, Vol.59, No.9, p.645-647. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

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A study conducted under field conditions found that more diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) was collected from glass fibre filters treated with an appropriate solvent in the field than from those shipped to the laboratory dry (in their holders). If field desorptions were not performed, the airborne concentrations of MDI would be underestimated. While field desorption may not be necessary in all applications where isocyanates are used, it is necessary where dusty environments are encountered, such as in the forest products industry. Topics: air sampling; airborne dust; comparative study; diphenylmethane diisocyanate; fibrous filters; glass fibre; sample processing; solvent extraction. (72475)

CIS 99-521 Mercury in the hair of crematoria workers. Maloney S.R., Phillips C.A., Mills A., Lancet, 14 Nov. 1998, Vol.352, No.9140, p.1602. 4 ref. (In English)

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Topics: atomic absorption spectrometry; mercury; case-control study; determination in hair; funeral services. (72485)

CIS 99-522 Ultrasonic extraction and field-portable anodic stripping voltammetry for the determination of lead in workplace air samples. Ashley K., Mapp K.J., Millson M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.671-679. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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Workplace air samples were collected at sites where airborne particulates were generated from the abrasive blasting of lead-containing paint on highway bridges. Lead concentrations were determined by ultrasonic extraction (UE) of air filter samples in diluted nitric acid followed by portable anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The performance of the UE-ASV method was acceptable, as evaluated by comparison with results from hotplate strong acid digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry analysis. The described procedure demonstrates potential for the on-site determination of lead in personal breathing zone and area air samples. Topics: air sampling; airborne dust; lead; coulometry; description of technique; detection by ultrasonic methods; determination in air; field tests; paint removal. (72501)

CIS 99-523 International occupational exposure standards: A review and commentary. Vincent J.H., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.729-742. 31 ref. (In English)

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The processes by which occupational exposure standards are developed in the USA, Australia, Britain, Norway and Russia are reviewed. The role of the occupational hygiene discipline in their development and implementation is examined. The philosophical and practical issues that surround them and the prospects for international harmonization are discussed. Topics: Australia; comment on standard; comparative study; determination of exposure limits; limitation of exposure; Norway; permissible levels; Russian Federation; standardization; toxicity evaluation; United Kingdom; USA. (72506)

CIS 99-524 Latex allergies - Stretching safety too far?. Aziz B., Safety and Health Practitioner, Nov. 1998, Vol.16, No.11, p.17-19. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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Briefly reviews the growing problem of latex allergy in the United Kingdom and other countries. Topics: allergens; eczema; health services; irritation; latex; protective gloves; sensitization dermatitis; substitution; synthetic rubber. (72507)

CIS 99-525 Airborne occupational contact dermatitis from ethylene oxide. Romaguera C., Vilaplana J., Contact Dermatitis, Aug. 1998, Vol.39, No.2, p.85. 13 ref. (In English)

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Case studies of two nurses and two assistants with contact dermatitis following an escape of ethylene oxide gas during the sterilization of hospital linen. Topics: asthma; ethylene oxide; case study; disinfectants; eczema; health care personnel; hospitals; irritants; itch; rhinitis. (72512)

CIS 99-526 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis in a patient with a positive patch test to tin. Nielsen N.H., Skov L., Contact Dermatitis, Aug. 1998, Vol.39, No.2, p.99-100. Illus. 4 ref. (In English)

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Case report of a metalworker with allergic contact dermatitis on the face and wrists following exposure to airborne dust containing tin. Topics: airborne dust; case study; eczema; sensitization dermatitis; skin tests; tin. (72513)

CIS 99-527 Lead exposure in the lead-acid storage battery manufacturing and PVC compounding industries. Ho S.F., Sam. C.T., Embi G.B., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.369-373. 18 ref. (In English)

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Workers from two PVC compounding plants and two lead acid battery manufacturing plants in Singapore were studied along with a control group. The mean lead-in-air level was higher in the battery manufacturing plants than in the PVC compounding plants. Battery workers had higher mean blood lead than PVC workers, but there was poor correlation with lead-in-air levels. Malays had higher blood lead levels than the Chinese, although there was no significant difference between the two ethnic groups among the controls. Workers who ate with bare hands at least once a week had higher blood lead levels after adjusting for lead-in-air levels. Results indicate that the higher blood lead levels observed in the Malay workers may have been due to their higher exposure and eating with bare hands. Topics: battery and dry cell manufacture; lead; case-control study; determination in air; determination in blood; exposure evaluation; food contamination; job-exposure relation; personal hygiene; personal sampling; race-linked differences; smoking. (72515)

CIS 99-528 Waste, a cause of accidents. (French: Les déchets, cause d'accidents) Claret J.L., Face au risque, Mar. 1998, No.341, p.38-42. (In French)

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Topics: accident descriptions; atmospheric pollution; causes of accidents; environmental pollution; France; hazard criteria; industrial waste; occupational accidents; statistical aspects; water pollution. (72550)

CIS 99-529 Health hazards resulting from the use of glutaraldehyde in hospitals. (Spanish: Riesgos higiénicos del uso hospitalario del glutaraldehído) Gil Azcárate E., Prevención, Apr.-June 1997, No.140, p.19-24. Illus. 6 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: glutaraldehyde; disinfection of equipment; hospitals; irritants; threshold limit values; toxic effects. (72603)

CIS 99-530 Chemical hazard control in Spain. (Spanish: El control de riesgo químico en la España comunitaria) Laborda Grima R., Prevención, Apr.-June 1998, No.144, p.46-57. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: chemical hazards; classification; comment on directive; dangerous substances; European Communities; harmful substances; hazard identification; legislation; Spain. (72609)

CIS 99-531 Blood lead levels in industrial workers in Poland. Jakubowski M., Trzcinka-Ochocka M., Raźniewska G., Frydrych J., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.59-67. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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The study assessed lead exposure, based on Pb-B determinations, of 2,489 workers employed in 13 different types of industry with exposure to lead, including manufacture of crystal glass, battery manufacture, copper and zinc smelters, and welding in a ship repair yard. Results indicated that exposure to lead continues to be a serious problem in Polish industry. Pb-B levels exceeded the Polish biological exposure index (BEI) of 500µg/L for male workers in about 30% of cases. 65% of the women under 45 years of age presented Pb-B levels higher than the 300µg/L recommended as the BEI for this age group. Topics: lead; determination in blood; exposure evaluation; job-exposure relation; limitation of exposure; Poland. (72623)

CIS 99-532 Development of occupational exposure limits in Japan. Kaneko T., Wang P.Y., Sato A., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.81-98. 86 ref. (In English)

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The development of occupational exposure limits (OELs) in Japan is described using benzene and trichloroethylene as examples. To establish the OEL for benzene, the OEL committee of the Japan Society for Occupational Health (JSOH) calculated the risk of benzene-induced leukaemia by means of an average relative risk model. It was decided that benzene exposure should be controlled by a reference value corresponding to a lifetime risk (10^-3 or 10^-4) of leukaemia rather than by a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration. These lifetime risks correspond to an OEL for benzene of 1ppm and 0.1ppm respectively. Concerning trichloroethylene, the OEL committee felt it was not appropriate to assume carcinogenicity, and that the OEL should be established on other, especially neurological, criteria. Based on findings that long-term exposure to trichloroethylene at 50ppm can cause neurotoxic effects, the committee proposed an occupational reference value of 25ppm. General environmental standards should be about 1/1,000 of occupational values. Topics: animal experiments; benzene; carcinogenic effects; trichloroethylene; epidemiological aspects; harmful substances; hazard evaluation; hepatotoxic effects; Japan; leukaemia; limitation of exposure; mutagenic effects; nephrotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects; threshold limit values; toxicity evaluation. (72625)

CIS 99-533 Acetanilide. (Polish: Acetanilid) Gawęda E., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.5-8. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: acetanilide; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72631)

CIS 99-534 2-Aminoethanol. (Polish: 2-Aminoetanol) Makhniashvili I., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.12-16. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: ethanolamine; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72632)

CIS 99-535 Aniline. (Polish: Anilina) Je@z8ewska A., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.17-20. 1 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: aniline; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72633)

CIS 99-536 Benzaldehyde. (Polish: Benzaldehyd) Miazek-Kula M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.25-29. 2 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: benzaldehyde; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72634)

CIS 99-537 2-, 3-, 4-Chloroaniline. (Polish: 2-, 3-, 4-Chloroanilina) Miazek-Kula M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.30-34. 6 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: p-chloroaniline; m-chloroaniline; o-chloroaniline; chloroanilines; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72635)

CIS 99-538 o-, m- and p-Chloronitrobenzene. (Polish: o-, m- i p-Chloronitrobenzen) Pośniak M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.40-44. 1 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: p-chloronitrobenzene; m-chloronitrobenzene; o-chloronitrobenzene; chlorinated nitrobenzenes; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72636)

CIS 99-539 4-Chlorostyrene. (Polish: 4-Chlorostyren) Makhniahvili I., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.45-49. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: p-chlorostyrene; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72637)

CIS 99-540 Sodium cyanide. (Polish: Cyjanek sodowy) Madej M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.50-54. 2 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: sodium cyanide; description of technique; determination in air; sampling and analysis; spectrophotometry. (72638)

CIS 99-541 Zirconium and its compounds. (Polish: Cyrkon i jego związki) Gawęda E., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.55-58. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: atomic absorption spectrometry; description of technique; determination in air; sampling and analysis; zirconium and compounds. (72639)

CIS 99-542 2,4-Tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate). (Polish: Diizocyjanian tolueno-2,4-diylu, diizocyjanian tolueno-2,6-diylu, 4,4'-metylenobis(fenyloizocyjanian)) Kijeńska D., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.59-62. 2 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate; 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate; description of technique; determination in air; diphenylmethane diisocyanate; sampling and analysis. (72640)

CIS 99-543 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether. (Polish: Eter bis(2-chloroetylowy)) Miazek-Kula M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.77-81. 4 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: bis(2-chloroethyl) ether; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72641)

CIS 99-544 Tritolyl phosphate. (Polish: Fosforan (V) tristolilu (mieszanina izomerów)) Politowicz M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.82-86. 1 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: tritolyl phosphate; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72642)

CIS 99-545 2-Hexanone. (Polish: Heksan-2-on) Je@z8ewska A., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.87-90. 1 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: 2-hexanone; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72643)

CIS 99-546 Hydroquinone. (Polish: Hydrochinon) Politowicz M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.91-95. 1 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: hydroquinone; description of technique; determination in air; sampling and analysis. (72644)

CIS 99-547 2,2'-Iminobis(ethylamine). (Polish: 2,2'-Iminobis(etyloamina)) Domański W., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.96-99. 3 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: diethylenetriamine; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72645)

CIS 99-548 Isobutyraldehyde. (Polish: Izobutyroaldehyd) Madej M., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.100-104. 3 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: isobutyraldehyde; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72646)

CIS 99-549 Captan. (Polish: Kaptan) Surgiewicz J., Nazimek T., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.105.108. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: captan; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72647)

CIS 99-550 Adipic acid. (Polish: Kwas adypinowy) Kołodyńska U., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.109-112. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: adipic acid; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72648)

CIS 99-551 Butyl methacrylate. (Polish: Metakrylan butylu) Kołodyńska U., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.117-121. 5 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: butyl methacrylate; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72649)

CIS 99-552 Methoxychlor. (Polish: Metoksychlor) Nazimek T., Surgiewicz J., Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, 1998, Vol.19, p.122-126. 6 ref. (In Polish)

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Topics: methoxychlor; description of technique; determination in air; gas chromatography; sampling and analysis. (72650)

CIS 99-553 Acquisition of dangerous substances. Basic criteria. (Spanish: La adquisición de sustancias peligrosas. Criterios básicos) Sicilia Gutiérrez F., Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 1997, Vol.17, No.68, p.3-13. Illus. 2 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: danger symbols; dangerous substances; hazard identification; labelling; legislation; Spain; warning notices. (72651)

CIS 99-554 Assessment of environmental tobacco smoke and respirable suspended particle exposures for nonsmokers in Prague using personal monitoring. Phillips K., Bentley M.C., Howard D.A., Alván G., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.379-390. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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Air samples were collected from the breathing zone of nonsmokers wearing personal monitors for 24h. Samples were analysed for respirable suspended particles, nicotine, 3-ethenylpyridine and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) particles. Saliva cotinine analyses were also undertaken to confirm the nonsmoking status of the subjects. Highest exposures were apparent for office workers both working and living in smoking environments. Findings suggest a significant contribution to overall ETS particle and nicotine levels from the workplace where smoking takes place. Topics: airborne dust; cotinine; nicotine; Czech Republic; determination in air; determination in saliva; exposure evaluation; passive smoking; personal sampling; respirable dust. (72734)

CIS 99-555 Exposure to methyl tert-butyl ether and tert-amyl methyl ether from gasoline during tank lorry loading and its measurement using biological monitoring. Vainiotalo S., Pekari K., Aitio A., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.391-396. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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The exposure of Finnish tank lorry drivers to methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) during loading of gasoline was studied using biological and breathing-zone sampling. Breathing-zone measurements showed low levels of exposure to the two oxygenates, the concentrations being well below current hygienic standards for MTBE. The linear correlations obtained for MTBE suggest that MTBE in blood or urine can be adopted as a valid biological exposure index. Topics: air sampling; methyl t-butyl ether; motor fuel; tert-amyl methyl ether; determination in blood; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; drivers; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; personal sampling; tank trucks. (72735)

CIS 99-556 Monitoring of occupational exposure to dichloromethane by diffusive vapour sampling and urinalysis. Ukai H., Okamoto S., Takada S., Inui S., Kawai T., Higashikawa K., Ikeda M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.397-404. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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Carbon cloth as an adsorbent in diffusive sampling was tested for its capacity to adsorb dichloromethane (DCM) vapour and to retain adsorbed DCM after termination of exposure. Urine samples collected from DCM-exposed workers were analysed for DCM by the head-space technique. After extraction with carbon disulfide, DCM in the cloth was analysed on a DB-WAX capillary column by flame-ionization detection gas chromatography; DCM in urine was analysed by electron-capture detection. Results indicate that diffusive sampling with carbon cloth as an adsorbent is applicable to 4h monitoring of exposure up to 100ppm DCM vapour. DCM concentrations detected in end-of-shift urine samples correlated linearly with time weighted average DCM concentrations measured in the breathing-zone air of exposed workers. Topics: adsorption sampling; dichloromethane; description of technique; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; evaluation of technique; exposure evaluation; gas chromatography; passive dosimeters; personal sampling. (72736)

CIS 99-557 Biological monitoring of vehicle mechanics and other workers exposed to low concentrations of benzene. Hotz P., Carbonnelle P., Haufroid V., Tschopp A., Buchet J.P., Lauwerys R., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1997, Vol.70, No.1, p.29-40. 44 ref. (In English)

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The diagnostic power of blood and breath benzene and of urinary phenol (PH), catechol (CA), hydroquinone (HQ), S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and muconic acid (MA) were compared in 410 male workers exposed to benzene in garages, in two coke plants and in a by-product plant. Benzene exposure was assessed by personal air sampling. In all, 95% of workers were exposed to less than 0.5ppm benzene. Results showed that MA and S-PMA concentrations were fairly good indicators of benzene exposure in the 0.1 to 1ppm range, even in a population comprising both smokers and nonsmokers. PH, HQ, CA and blood and breath benzene were less suitable, if at all, in the same exposure range. Topics: benzene; S-phenylmercapturic acid; coking plants; determination in blood; determination in exhaled air; determination in urine; dose-response relationship; exposure evaluation; exposure tests; garages; personal sampling; smoking; urinary metabolites. (72738)

CIS 99-558 A review on toxicity of 2-bromopropane: Mainly on its reproductive toxicity. Takeuchi Y., Ichihara G., Kamijima M., Journal of Occupational Health, July 1997, Vol.39, No.3, p.179-191. 43 ref. (In English)

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Risk asessment of 2-bromopropane based on recent epidemiologic and experimental animal data and the toxicity of structurally related bromopropanes. Conclusions: 2-bromopropane has demonstrated specific reproductive and haematopoietic toxicity in both sexes in humans and in experimental animals. This includes impaired spermatogenesis; impaired ovarian function, resulting in a disturbed oestrus cycle and loss of oocytes in females; and pancytopenia. It is also mutagenic in bacterial mutation assays. An occupational exposure limit of less than 10 ppm is recommended. Topics: 2-bromopropane; animal experiments; antifertility effects; determination in air; diseases of blood-forming organs; epidemiologic study; length of exposure; menstrual disorders; organic solvents; pancytopenia; spermatogenic disturbances. (72741)

CIS 99-559 Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a biological monitoring index for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (Japanese: takanhoukouzokutankasuisorui no seibutsugakuteki monitaringu shihyō toshiteno nyōchū 1-hidorokishipiren) Hara K., Itani T., Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, Jan. 1998, Vol.74, No.1, p.1-16. Illus. 128 ref. (In Japanese)

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Summary in English. Literature review which suggests the need to extend the use of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a biological monitoring index for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to other workplaces than coke ovens. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene may be useful for assessing early effect markers more strictly. Assessment of individual susceptibility could be developed by observation of individual profiles of PAH metabolites in urine. Topics: 1-hydroxypyrene; aromatic hydrocarbons; determination in urine; evaluation of technique; polycyclic hydrocarbons; urinary metabolites. (72745)

CIS 99-560 Two cases of severe ocular chemical injuries. (Japanese: Kogyoseihin niyoru ganfushoku no nirei) Nishio Y., Kamada Y., Kitahara K., Japanese Journal of Traumatology and Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1997, Vol.45, No.7, p.470-474. Illus. 13 ref. (In Japanese)

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Summary in English. Two cases of severe ocular chemical injury are described. In one, a man sustained injury to the right eye after exposure to concentrated sulfuric acid. Despite conventional treatment for ocular acid burns secondary glaucoma developed, which was effectively treated by trabulectomy. The excised tissues revealed nearly complete necrosis. The second case involved hydrofluoric acid burns to both eyes. Corneal opacity increased and secondary glaucoma developed, which was treated by operation 4 weeks after the accident. Topical administration of calcium gluconate solution was also started. The cornea improved slightly after treatment. The cases illustrate that both conventional treatment and surgery may improve outcome in severe ocular chemical injury. Topics: hydrofluoric acid; case study; chemical burns; eye injuries; glaucoma; sulfuric acid. (72748)

CIS 99-561 Health effects of nickel compounds (review). (Japanese: Nickel no seitai eikyou) Kodama Y., Occupational Health Review, Feb. 1998, Vol.10, No.4, p.139-158. Illus. 94 ref. (In Japanese)

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A literature survey revealed an increased risk of nasal cancer and lung cancer in nickel refinery workers. Epidemiologic and animal studies show that nickel carbonyl is the most acutely toxic nickel compound. Information on poisoning by other nickel compounds is limited, but allergic contact dermatitis is associated with nickel, both in nickel workers and in the general population. Women are more sensitive to nickel than are men. Kinetics of nickel compounds vary between the compounds. Topics: nickel carbonyl; nickel; health hazards; literature survey; lung cancer; nasal cancer; nickel and compounds; ore reduction; sensitization dermatitis. (72749)

CIS 99-562 National profile of chemical safety in Hungary. Executive summary. Ungváry G., Lépes P., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.4, p.263-292 (In English)

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Topics: chemical products; chemical safety; dangerous substances; environmental pollution; harmful substances; Hungary; international cooperation; legislation; national organization. (72788)

CIS 99-563 Cytogenetic monitoring of workers exposed to lead. Vaglenov A.K., Laltchef S.G., Nosko M.S., Pavlova S.P., Petkova V.V., Karadiov A.D., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.4, p.298-308. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Topics: battery and dry cell manufacture; blood-cell anomalies; lead; cytogenetic studies; determination in blood; genetic effects. (72789)

CIS 99-564 Chromosomal aberrations, hormone levels and oxidative phenotype (P450 2D6) in low occupational lead exposure. Pelclová D., Picková J., Patzelová V., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.4, p.314-322. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Topics: analysis of chromosome aberrations; battery and dry cell manufacture; lead; chromosome changes; determination in blood; hormone secretion; metabolic disturbances. (72790)

CIS 99-565 Reproductive outcome in offspring of parents occupationally exposed to lead in Norway. Irgens Å., Krüger K., Skorve A.H., Irgens L.M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.431-437. 28 ref. (In English)

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All births in Norway 1970-1993 with possible maternal or paternal occupational lead exposure were compared with a reference population. Offspring of lead-exposed mothers had an increased risk of low birth weight and neural tube defects. Effects on birth weight and gestational age showed significant dose-response associations. Offspring of lead-exposed fathers had no increased risks of any of the analysed reproductive outcomes. However, decreased risks were observed of low birth weight and preterm birth. Further efforts are needed to protect the offspring of lead-exposed mothers. Topics: lead; case-control study; list of occupations; parental exposure; sex-linked differences; teratogenic effects. (72454)

CIS 99-566 Aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons in air and their urinary metabolites in coke plant workers. Bieniek G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.445-454. Illus. 51 ref. (In English)

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Concentrations of benzene, toluene, naphthalene, xylenes and 14 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in various parts of a coke plant by personal air sampling; concentrations of o-cresol, 1- and 2-naphthol, methylhippuric acid and 1-hydroxypyrene were determined in the post-shift urine of workers. Results showed that these workers were simultaneously exposed to a mixture of aromatic and polycyclic hydrocarbons present in breathing zone air. While exposure levels were low compared to exposure limits, exposure was significantly influenced by job category. Compounds identified in the urine appeared to be the products of the hydroxylation of aromatic hydrocarbons present in the air as well as unmetabolized hydrocarbons. A correlation was observed between inhaled toluene, naphthalene and xylene and urinary excretion of metabolites. Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; p-xylene; m-xylene; toluene; benzene; naphthalene; o-xylene; coking plants; determination in air; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; gas chromatography; job-exposure relation; mass spectrometry; personal sampling; polycyclic hydrocarbons; urinary metabolites. (72455)

CIS 99-567 Underlying and multiple cause mortality in a cohort of workers exposed to aromatic amines. Axtell C.D., Ward E.M., McCabe G.P., Schulte P.A., Stern F.B., Glickman L.T., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.34, No.5, p.506-511. 20 ref. (In English)

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In a follow-up study at a synthetic dye plant that manufactured beta-naphthylamine from 1940 to 1979, underlying and nonunderlying causes of death were analyzed to end 1992 using data from the National Death Index. There were three bladder cancer deaths listed as underlying cause (standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 2.4) and a total of eight bladder cancers listed anywhere on the death certificates (SMR 5.6). Mortality from all causes was significantly higher than expected. The elevated bladder cancer risk in this cohort was detected by the multiple cause, but not the underlying cause, analysis. Elevated mortality from other causes of death, especially among short-term workers, may be related to regional and lifestyle factors. Topics: aromatic amines; bladder tumour; cohort study; dyestuff industry; long-term study; mortality. (72460)

CIS 99-568 Urinary NAG and GAG as biomarkers of renal effects in exposure to 2-alkoxyalcohols and their acetates. Laintinen J., Liesivuori J., Savolainen H., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.595-600. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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In a study to evaluate the usefulness of urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) as biomarkers of early kidney effects in exposure to 2-alkoxyethanols and their acetates, GAG excretion was compared with effects on the activity of the urinary enzyme β-N-acetylglycosaminidase (NAG). The excretion rate of GAG was higher among women than men; it was lower among exposed subjects than among controls, and the level was decreased at the tested levels of exposure. The NAG activity was higher in most of the exposed groups than in the controls. Data indicated that an appropriate urinary limit value for ethoxyacetic acid was 30mmol/mol creatinine in postshift samples and that this value corresponded to an 8h exposure level of 2cm³/m³ 2-ethoxyethylacetate. Urinary butoxyacetic acid excretion of 60mmol/mol creatinine corresponded to the inhalation exposure level of 5cm³/m³ 2-butoxyethanol and its acetate in postshift samples. Topics: butoxyethanol; ethoxyethanol; 2-ethoxyethyl acetate; 2-butoxyethyl acetate; butoxyacetic acid; 2-ethoxyacetic acid; continuous monitoring; determination in urine; enzymological tests; exposure evaluation; limitation of exposure; mucopolysaccharides; nephrotoxic effects; renal function tests; sex-linked differences; urinary excretion; urinary metabolites; urine monitoring. (72465)

CIS 99-569 Long-term follow-up of psychological distress, social functioning, and coping style in treated and untreated patients with solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy. Åbjörnsson G., Pålsson B., Bergendorf U., Karlson B., Österberg K., Seger L., Ørbæk P., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.40, No.9, p.801-807. 32 ref. (In English)

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Patients with organic solvent-induced toxic encephalopathy (TE) were followed up seven years after the application of an intervention programme. They were also compared with untreated TE patients diagnosed at the same time and with unexposed referents. Both TE groups had unchanged function in neuropsychological tests. Members of the treated group had improved their social functioning and reduced their mental stress but were not any better than the untreated patients. Compared with referents, the TE patients continued to live with increased psychological distress and used predominantly emotionally focused strategies to cope with their problems. This can be a cause for concern in family life and can also make gainful work impossible. Topics: case-control study; exposure evaluation; human behaviour; long-term study; neuropsychic effects; neuropsychic stress; organic solvents; psychological effects; psychological tests; rehabilitation; social aspects; toxic encephalosis. (72492)

CIS 99-570 Effects of the intensity and timing of asbestos exposure on lung cancer risk at two mining areas in Quebec. Vacek P.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.40, No.9, p.821-828. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of mortality data from 9609 workers at two asbestos mining areas in Quebec revealed a non-linear relationship between intensity of asbestos exposure and risk of lung cancer at both areas, but risk was greater at one area than the other. At the mine with lower risk, exposure occurring more than 30 years prior to death had little effect, while at the other mine, risk did vary with time since exposure and men starting employment before 1924 were at elevated risk. Results point to differences in dust composition at the two areas and illustrate the difficulties in estimating risk. Topics: airborne dust; asbestos mining; asbestos; chrysotile; cohort study; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; length of exposure; long-term exposure; lung cancer; mortality; risk factors; statistical evaluation. (72494)

CIS 99-571 Optic neuritis with residual tunnel vision in perchloroethylene toxicity. Onofrj M., Thomas A., Paci C., Rotilio D., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, Oct. 1998, Vol.36, No.6, p.603-607. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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Case report of a dry cleaning worker with severe bilateral optic neuritis and high concentrations of perchloroethylene and metabolites in the blood and of chloroform in urine. Although environmental concentrations of perchloroethylene were within normal limits, there was a five-fold increase in vapours emitted when ironing dry-cleaned fabrics. Results suggest that inhalation of perchloroethylene vapours was the cause of this ocular nerve toxicity. Topics: blindness; tetrachloroethylene; case study; determination in air; determination in blood; determination in urine; dry cleaning; hemianopia; optic neuritis; short-term exposure; visual function disorders. (72500)

CIS 99-572 Latex glove allergy among hospital employees: A study in the north-west of England. Sinha A., Harrison P.V., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.405-410. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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In a questionnaire survey of 1,827 employees in two hospitals, 124 (7%) had experienced symptoms strongly suggestive of latex allergy. Of 56 workers who had a radioallergosorbent (RAST) test, 7 (12.5%) tested positive. 17% of affected individuals had already changed their working practice by using latex-free gloves. The study increased awareness of latex allergy at these hospitals. Hospital organizations should encourage staff to seek guidance on this problem and to take appropriate measures to improve working practices. Topics: allergies; health care personnel; hospitals; hypersensitivity; latex; protective gloves; questionnaire survey; radioallergosorbent test; substitution. (72519)

CIS 99-573 Mercury toxicity due to the smelting of placer gold recovered by mercury amalgam. Donoghue A.M., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.413-415. 6 ref. (In English)

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Case-report of a worker who developed tremor in both hands and fatigue after starting work at a placer mine where he was exposed to mercury-gold amalgam. Seven weeks after removal from this work, the tremor had almost resolved and the urinary mercury concentration had fallen. The principal exposure to mercury was considered to be the smelting of retorted gold containing previously unrecognized residual mercury. The peak air concentration of mercury vapour during gold smelting was 0.533mg/m³ (TLV 0.05mg/m³). Several engineering and procedural controls were instituted. Topics: mercury; case study; determination in air; determination in urine; gold mining; melting; poisoning; tremor. (72520)

CIS 99-574 Trends in mesothelioma incidence and occupational mesotheliomas in Finland in 1960-1995. Karjalainen A., Pukkala E., Mattson K., Tammilehto L., Vainio H., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1997, Vol.23, No.4, p.266-270. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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The annual number of mesotheliomas in Finland increased rapidly in 1975-1990 to an estimated 100 annual cases in the early 1990s. Thereafter, this trend slowed and about 35 cases were diagnosed among men and 10-15 among women annually in the mid-1990s. In 1993-1995 about 30 annual cases (i.e. about 90 percent of pleural and 50 percent of peritoneal mesotheliomas) were reported to be work-related. If the observed trend continues to 2010, about 40-50 cases among men and 10-20 among women will be diagnosed annually. Of these, 40-50 would be related to occupational asbestos exposure. Topics: age-linked differences; asbestos; crocidolite; chrysotile; anthophyllite; epidemiologic study; Finland; future trends; mesothelioma; morbidity; peritoneal mesothelioma; pleural mesothelioma; sex-linked differences; statistical trends. (72536)

CIS 99-575 Study of the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran used as solvent for glues in the PVC door and window frame industry. (French: Etude dans l'industrie de la menuiserie PVC de la toxicité du tétrahydrofurane utilisé comme solvant dans les colles) Mignot G., Brault A., Caubet A., Gendre J.C., Anger J.P., Curtès J.P., Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.84-91. Illus. 7 ref. (In French)

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Topics: adhesives; tetrahydrofuran; determination in blood; determination in urine; epidemiologic study; functional digestive disorders; irritation; neurological effects; neuropsychic effects; neurovegetative disorders; organic solvents; plastics industry; respiratory diseases; toxic effects; transaminases; transpeptidases; visual function disorders. (72544)

CIS 99-576 Associations between several sites of cancer and occupational exposure to benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene: Results of a case-control study in Montreal. Gérin M., Siemiatycki J., Désy M., Krewski D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.34, No.2, p.144-156. 21 ref. (In English)

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3,730 cancer patients (15 types of cancers, not including leukaemia) and 533 population controls were interviewed, and their job histories translated into occupational exposures, including benzene, toluene, xylene and styrene. Exposure levels were low for most exposed subjects, and there was a high correlation between exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene. For most sites of cancer there was no evidence of excess risk due to these substances. However, limited evidence of increased risk was found for the following associations: oesophagus-toluene, colon-xylene, rectum-toluene, rectum-xylene and rectum-styrene. These latter observations warrant further investigation. Topics: aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; Canada; cancer; styrene; toluene; xylene; case-control study; exposure evaluation; job-exposure relation; length of exposure; oesophageal carcinoma; rectal cancer. (72627)

CIS 99-577 Transient increase in DNA strand breaks in car refinishing spray painters. Fuchs J., Hengstler J.G., Hummrich F., Oesch F., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Dec. 1996, Vol.22, No.6, p.438-443. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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Topics: coachwork; DNA; exposure tests; genetic effects; length of exposure; length of service; paints; spray coating. (72782)

CIS 99-578 Incidence of lung cancer among cobalt-exposed women. Tüchsen F., Jensen M.V., Villadsen E., Lynge E., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Dec. 1996, Vol.22, No.6, p.444-450. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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Topics: cancer; cobalt; dyes; epidemiologic study; lung cancer; morbidity; mortality; pottery industry; spray coating; women. (72783)

CIS 99-579 Bronchial asthma and air pollution at workplaces. Flodin U., Ziegler J., Jönsson P., Axelson O., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Dec. 1996, Vol.22, No.6, p.451-456. 21 ref. (In English)

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Topics: airborne dust; allergens; asthma; epidemiologic study; individual susceptibility; length of exposure; risk factors; smoking. (72784)

CIS 99-580 Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) and protection levels. Rajan B., Safety and Health Practitioner, Sep. 1998, Vol.16, No.9, p.50-51. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Topics: comment on standard; description of equipment; European Communities; particulate removing respirators; protection criteria; respirators; selection of equipment. (72490)

CIS 99-581 Water pollution. (French: Dossier: Pollution des eaux) Brett Y.B., Pelras O., Claret J.L., Le Botlan M., Girin M., Face au risque, Mar. 1997, No.331, p.9-32. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

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Topics: accident descriptions; agriculture; analysis of accident causes; bund walls; chemical industry; containment of spills; dangerous substances; elimination of spills; emergency organization; France; leak detection; legal aspects; liquid effluents; pollution control; toxic substances; water pollution. (72549)

CIS 99-582 Sources, routes and frequency of pesticide exposure among farmers. Perry M.J., Layde P.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.697-701. 10 ref. (In English)

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In a survey of 191 dairy farmers certified to apply pesticides to field crops, 12% reported never or almost never wearing gloves during application, and 53.7% reported never or almost never wearing other protective gear. 32% reported dermal exposure and 32% reported inhaling pesticides during the last application. Findings suggest that exposure to pesticides was frequent in this sample, whereas use of personal protective equipment was not routine. Topics: crop protection; cross-sectional study; exposure evaluation; ingestion; inhalation; limitation of exposure; personal protective equipment; pesticides; risk awareness; skin absorption; subjective assessment. (72445)

CIS 99-583 Contact dermatitis in Alstroemeria workers. van der Mei I.A.F., de Boer E.M., Bruynzeel D.P., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.397-404. 31 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 153 horticultural workers cultivating Alstroemeria, the 12-month prevalence of major hand dermatitis was 29.5% and of minor dermatitis 7.4%. Of these workers, 52.1% were sensitized for tulipalin A. Several personal and work-related factors played a role in the multifactorial aetiology of hand dermatitis. Factors which showed a significant relationship with major hand dermatitis were female sex, atopic dermatitis, chapped hands and the frequency of washing hands. Alstroemeria workers are at risk of developing contact dermatitis and it may be useful to carry out an educational campaign to lower the high prevalence. Topics: Alstroemeria; dermatological examinations; eczema; flower and perfume-plant growing; flowers; irritation; Netherlands; risk factors; sensitization dermatitis; skin tests. (72518)

CIS 99-584 Chronic bronchitis in farmers. Melbostad E., Wijnand E., Magnus P., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1997, Vol.23, No.4, p.271-280. 33 ref. (In English)

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Important exposure factors for chronic bronchitis were full-time farming versus part-time farming, livestock production types (poultry, dairy, swine, horse, and combinations) and occupational dust exposures outside agriculture. Combinations of work exposure factors were significant and showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in risk for chronic bronchitis for farmers. In combination with smoking the risk increased up to 6-fold. Topics: age-linked differences; agricultural operations; airborne dust; chronic bronchitis; cross-sectional study; length of exposure; livestock rearing; obstructive ventilatory impairment; risk factors; smoking; ventilatory capacity. (72537)

CIS 99-585 The spectrum of respiratory disease associated with exposure to metal working fluids. Zacharisen M.C., Kadambi A.R., Schlueter D.P., Kurup V.P., Shack J.B., Fox J.L., Anderson H.A., Fink J.N., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.640-647. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 30 workers at an automobile parts engine manufacturing plant, hypersensitivity pneumonitis affected seven workers, with six exhibiting serum precipitins to Acinetobacter lwoffii. Occupational asthma and industrial bronchitis affected 12 and six workers respectively. Oil mist exposures were below current recommendations. Gram-negative bacteria, but no fungi, Thermophiles or Legionella, were identified. Although specific agents responsible for each individual case could not be identified, probably both specific sensitizing agents and non-specific irritants from metalworking fluids, additives or contaminants contributed to this spectrum of occupational respiratory illness. Topics: aerosols; asthma; bacteria; bronchitis; chest radiography; cutting fluids; determination in air; extrinsic allergic alveolitis; irritants; metalworking industry; motor vehicle industry; pulmonary function; respiratory diseases; sensitization. (72469)

CIS 99-586 Measurement of short-term exposure to airborne soluble platinum in the platinum industry. Maynard A.D., Northage C., Hemingway M., Bradley S.D., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Jan. 1997, Vol.41, No.1, p.77-94. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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Investigation into respiratory sensitization to soluble platinum using two types of personal inhalable sampler with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to take 15 minute time-weighted average soluble platinum exposure measurements. The majority of short-term exposure levels were significantly below 0.006mg/m³. Results indicated that either sensitization is occuring at airborne exposure levels below the British exposure limit, or there is an alternative, possibly dermal, route of exposure to platinum. Topics: continuous sampling; description of equipment; description of technique; field tests; job-exposure relation; permissible levels; personal sampling; platinum and compounds; sampling and analysis; sensitization; short-term exposure; snap sampling. (72533)

CIS 99-587 Evaluation of workers exposed to dust containing hard metals and aluminum oxide. Schwarz Y., Kivity S., Fischbein A., Abraham J.L., Fireman E., Moshe S., Dannon Y., Topilsky M., Greif J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.34, No.2, p.177-182. 29 ref. (In English)

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Fourteen workers exposed to hard metals and aluminium oxide were evaluated by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage or by transbronchial biopsy. Microchemical analysis of transbronchial biopsies showed a high lung burden of exogenous particles, especially metals related to their hard metals exposure. Lung tissue and cellular changes which were associated with exposure to hard metals and aluminium oxide corresponded well with the microanalytic test results.Three workers had diffuse interstitial inflammatory changes at biopsy, two of whom were asymptomatic with normal chest X-ray films and one who had clinically evident disease with severe giant cell inflammation. Two other workers showed focal inflammation. The worker showing clinical disease and one asymptomatic worker with interstitial inflammatory changes had elevated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid-eosinophilia counts. Topics: airborne dust; aluminium oxide; bronchoscopy; chest radiography; epidemiologic study; hard metal pneumoconiosis; Israel; lung biopsy; lung deposition; lung diseases; metals; pulmonary fibrosis; respiratory function tests; smoking. (72629)

CIS 99-588 Asbestos-related X-ray changes in foundry workers. Rosenman K.D., Reilly M.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.34, No.2, p.197-201. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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From 1985 to 1996, 115 cases reported to the Michigan State Surveillance System as silicosis, non-specified pneumoconiosis, or pulmonary fibrosis, were reclassified as having asbestos-related radiological changes after a B-reader interpretation of each case's chest X-rays. Among the 115 reclassified reports 57 had worked in foundries. Only 7 (14.8%) of these had their primary work in maintenance in the foundry; 40 (85.1%) had their primary foundry work in a production job; and for 10 individuals the occupation was not known. Clinicians caring for foundry workers need to be aware that asbestos-related radiological changes are not uncommon in this population and asbestos exposure should be considered as one of the carcinogens contributing to the known increased risk of lung cancer among foundry workers. Topics: asbestos; asbestosis; chest radiography; epidemiologic study; foundries; job-exposure relation; length of service; lung diseases; Michigan; opacities; pleural thickening; radiological changes; silicosis; USA. (72630)

CIS 99-589 Dermal and respiratory sensitization to chromate in a cement floorer. De Raeve H., Vandecasteele C., Demedts M., Nemery B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.34, No.2, p.169-176. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

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A 48-year-old floorer, occupationally exposed to cement and with a documented chromate contact dermatitis, reported dyspnoea and wheezing after work. These conditions were demonstrated by self-measured sequential peak expiratory flows. A first bronchial provocation test (BPT) with potassium dichromate led to pronounced and sustained decreases in forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity, accompanied by pruritis, a decrease in arterial PO₂, a slight rise in temperature, and peripheral blood leukocytosis. Two years later, a BPT with a lower dose of potassium chromate led to an "early late" reaction accompanied by pruritis. A BPT with dry cement containing 12ppm hexavalent chromium was borderline, and a similar result was obtained after smoking 5 cigarettes laced with 10mg of cement per cigarette. The report shows that a subject with allergic contact dermatitis to chromates may develop a respiratory allergic reaction to an airborne source of this metal. Smoking of cigarettes contaminated with cement may have been a significant factor in the causation or elicitation of these reactions. Topics: allergic respiratory disorders; allergy tests; asthma; Belgium; potassium dichromate; case study; chromates; construction work; eczema; pulmonary function; sensitization dermatitis; sensitization; skin allergies; smoking. (72628)

CIS 99-590 Occupational leukoderma in workers engaged in 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone manufacturing. Fukuda Y., Nagano M., Futatsuka M., Journal of Occupational Health, Mar. 1998, Vol.40, No.2, p.118-122. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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Three cases are presented of occupational leukoderma in the upper extremities of workers exposed to 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (HPB). In two of the cases, symptoms of contact dermatitis were present in the same areas before the occurrence of depigmentation. An epidemiologic study of 13 workers exposed to chemicals in the production of HPB showed that 9 had symptoms of dermatitis which were more severe in sunshine or hot weather. These facts suggest that HPB and/or the chemicals used in its manufacture have irritant and phototoxic potential. Topics: 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; chemical industry; epidemiologic study; leukoderma; pigmentation disorders. (72747)

CIS 99-591 Terpene exposure and respiratory effects among sawmill workers. Eriksson K.A., Stjernberg N.L., Levin J.O., Hammarström U., Ledin M.C., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 1996, Vol.22, No.3, p.182-190. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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The association between exposure to terpenes and acute effects on lung function was studied for 48 workers in sawmills. Exposure to sawing fumes was assessed by air sampling, and terpene metabolites (verbenols) in urine were measured, as was reactivity to methacholine. Personal exposure to terpenes was 11 to 158mg/m³. A decrease in carbon monoxide lung diffusing capacity after a workshift was detected. Workers with 5 or more years of employment in a sawmill showed increased bronchial reactivity. The study concludes that personal exposure to monoterpenes during a workshift sometimes exceeded the Swedish limit value; verbenols in urine can be used as a biological exposure index of sawing fumes; and exposure to terpenes in sawmills can cause an acute decrease in diffusing capacity. Topics: α-pinene; CO diffusion; determination in air; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; eye irritation; length of service; microorganisms; pulmonary function; sawmilling industry; Sweden; terpenes; urinary metabolites; wood dust. (72540)

CIS 99-592 Industrial hygiene aspects of a sampling survey at a bleached-kraft pulp mill in British Columbia. Astrakianakis G., Svirchev L., Tang C., Janssen R., Anderson J., Band P., Le N., Fang R., Bert J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.694-705. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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Personal exposure measurements were collected for 46 job titles at a bleached-kraft pulp mill. Overall results indicated low levels of exposure with a few exceptions. Although chlorine dioxide was the exclusive bleaching agent, area samples indicated that chlorine, not chlorine dioxide, was present in all areas except the chemical preparation area and during a pulp spill. The highest shift-long exposures to chlorine were measured in the chip yard and were attributed to uncontrolled stack emissions. Wood dust samples collected from several labourers significantly exceeded regulatory limits. Results from data-logging equipment in the chemical preparation area showed several peak exposures to chlorine dioxide that exceeded the short-term exposure limit. The peaks were correlated with tasks and upset conditions and could not have been detected using shift-long average-based sampling devices. Data-logging instruments are necessary to characterize exposures in the pulp and paper industry. Topics: air sampling; bleaching; chlorine dioxide; calcium oxide; carbon monoxide; hydrogen sulfide; electrochemical gas sensors; exposure evaluation; harmful substances; job-exposure relation; occupational health survey; personal sampling; pulp and paper industry; pulp refiners; short-term exposure; wood dust. (72503)

CIS 99-593 Toluene-induced hearing loss among rotogravure printing workers. Morata T.C., Fiorini A.C., Fischer F.M., Colacioppo S., Wallingford K.M., Krieg E.F., Dunn D.E., Gozzoli L., Padrão M.A., Cesar C.L.G., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1997, Vol.23, No.4, p.289-298. Illus. 44 ref. (In English)

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124 workers exposed to various levels of noise and to an organic solvent mixture of toluene, ethyl acetate and ethanol underwent pure-tone audiometry and immittance audiometry testing. 49 percent had hearing loss. Of the numerous variables analyzed, age and hippuric acid (the biological marker for toluene in urine) met the significance level criteria for their contribution to the development of hearing loss. The odds ratio estimates for hearing loss were 1.07 times greater for each increment of one year of age and 1.76 times greater for each gram of hippuric acid per gram of creatinine. The findings suggest that exposure to toluene has a toxic effect on the auditory system. Topics: age-linked differences; audiometric tests; toluene; ethyl acetate; ethanol; cross-sectional study; determination in air; determination in urine; exposure evaluation; hearing loss; length of exposure; noise level; noise; organic solvents; photogravure printing; synergism. (72538)

CIS 99-594 Kiln emissions and potters' exposures. Hirtle B., Teschke K., van Netten C., Brauer M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.706-714. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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Pottery kiln emissions were measured at 50 sites including professional studios, recreation centres, schools and colleges. Area monitoring was done 76cm from firing kilns and 1.6m above the floor to assess breathing zone concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, fluorides, aldehydes and a range of metals. Personal exposures to metals were measured at 24 sites. Almost all values were well below permissible concentrations with two exceptions: a single firing duration (495min) acrolein measurement adjacent to an electric kiln and a 15min sulfur dioxide measurement collected adjacent to a gas kiln exceeded exposure guidelines. The fact that concentrations in small, ventilated kiln rooms ranked among the highest measured gives rise to concern that unacceptable levels of contamination may exist where small kiln rooms remain unventilated. Custom designed exhaust hoods and industrial heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems were the most effective ventilation strategies. Passive diffusion and wall/window fans were least effective. Topics: aerosols; air sampling; aldehydes; brick and pottery kilns; nitrogen dioxide; formaldehyde; carbon monoxide; sulfur dioxide; educational institutions; exhaust ventilation; exposure evaluation; fluorides; handicrafts; harmful substances; metals. (72504)

CIS 99-595 IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans - Chlorinated drinking-water; chlorination by-products; some other halogenated compounds; cobalt and cobalt compounds. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), IARC Press, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, 1991. 544p. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 80.00., ISBN 92-832-1252-5 (In English)

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This monograph presents the views and expert opinions of an IARC working group which met in Lyon, France 12-19 June 1990. Overall evaluation: bromodichloromethane and cobalt and cobalt compounds are possibly carcinogenic to humans; other substances studied here are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans. Topics: carcinogenic effects; carcinogens; chlorodibromomethane; ethyl bromide; cobalt; ethyl chloride; tribromomethane; bromodichloromethane; sodium chlorite; 1,1,2-trichloroethane; chlorination; chlorine and compounds; cobalt and compounds; criteria document; drinking water; halogenated organic compounds; hypochlorites; IARC; literature survey; mutagenic effects; toxic effects; toxicology; WHO. (72524)

CIS 99-596 Selected chloroalkyl ethers. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. xviii, 95p. Approx. 150 ref. Price: CHF 26.00 (CHF 18.20 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157201-9 (In English)

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Summaries in French and Spanish. Topics: carcinogens; chloromethyl methyl ether; bis(2-chloroethyl) ether; bis(chloromethyl) ether; chromosome changes; criteria document; halogenated ethers; ILO; IPCS; irritants; literature survey; lung cancer; toxic effects; toxicology; UNEP; WHO. (72527)

CIS 99-597 Boron. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1998. xviii, 201p. Illus. Approx. 200 ref. Price: CHF 42.00 (CHF 29.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157204-3 (In English)

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Summaries in French and Spanish. Topics: borates; boron and compounds; borax; bromic acid; criteria document; ILO; IPCS; irritants; literature survey; toxic effects; toxicology; UNEP; WHO. (72528)

CIS 99-598 Dichloromethane - Exposure assessment document. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. v, 32p. 10 ref. Price: GBP 7.50., ISBN 0-7176-2501-X (In English)

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Topics: aerosols; dichloromethane; chemical industry; criteria document; exposure evaluation; job-exposure relation; paint removal; threshold limit values. (72530)

CIS 99-599 Summary criteria for occupational exposure limits - EH64 1998 supplement. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 129p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1576-6 (In English)

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Supplement to CIS 96-1434. Topics: butadiene; hexone; butoxyethanol; cadmium sulfide; lead tetroxide; lead oxide; methyl t-butyl ether; pentabromodiphenyl ether; carbon monoxide; lead; acetaldehyde; dichloromethane; propylene oxide; tetramethyllead; hydrochloric acid; barium sulfate; hydrogen selenide; tetraethyllead; methylpyrrolidinone; N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone; naphthalene; compendium; criteria document; glossary; hardwoods; harmful substances; limitation of exposure; list of chemical substances; permissible levels; sampling and analysis; softwoods; threshold limit values; toxic effects; toxicology; United Kingdom; wood dust. (72726)

CIS 99-600 1994 data on the transport of dangerous substances. Fewtrell P., Siddique A., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. v, 90p. 5 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1513-8 (In English)

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Topics: accident descriptions; ammonia; motor fuel; dangerous substances; liquefied petroleum gas; occupational accidents; rail transport; report; road transport; statistics; transport of materials; United Kingdom. (72729)

CIS 99-601 Fatty alkyl sulfates. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. xix, 496p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-7776-0825-4 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in August 1996. Main conclusions: no epidemiologic data are available on the effects of fatty alkyl sulfates (sulfuric acid esters) in humans; in studies of the skin tolerance of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), skin irritation was observed; irritation of the respiratory tract has been reported in persons in rooms where carpets had been treated with cleaning foam containing SDS; use of alkyl sulfate (triethanolamine lauryl sulfate) in medical treatment has shown no toxic effects. Topics: triethanolamine lauryl sulfate; sodium dodecylsulfate; criteria document; ecotoxicology; Germany; irritants; legislation; literature survey; sulfuric acid esters; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (72772)

CIS 99-602 1-Propanol. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1998. xxi, 186p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-7776-0826-2 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in April 1996. Main conclusions: propanol is absorbed via the skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts; it has a slight acute toxicity; in man, lethal intoxication has been observed after oral intake of 100-350mL; lower oral doses cause dizziness, narcosis, nausea and reduced performance; allergic reactions have been observed in isolated cases. Topics: propanol; criteria document; ecotoxicology; Germany; legislation; literature survey; metabolic process; poisoning; skin absorption; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (72773)

CIS 99-603 White spirit (Stoddard solvent) - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1996. 30p. Illus. 14 ref., ISBN 92-4-151103-6 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 187 (CIS 98-237). Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. Topics: white spirit; containment of spills; disposal of harmful waste; eczema; fire protection; first aid; haematological effects; health engineering; health hazards; IPCS; irritants; legislation; neurological effects; neurotoxic effects; odour threshold; permissible levels; storage; toxic effects; warning notices. (72522)

CIS 99-604 Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards XVII. (Swedish: Vetenskapligt underlag för hygieniska gränsvärden 17) Lundberg P., ed., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1996. 62p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 91-7045-398-5 (Sw), ISBN 91-7045-399-3 (En) (In English, Swedish)

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This volume consists of the consensus reports submitted by the Criteria Group at the Swedish National Institute for Working Life between July 1995 and June 1996. Topics: 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol; amylase; glyoxal; morpholine; cristobalite; quartz; tridymite; methoxyethoxyethyl acetate; criteria document; determination of exposure limits; enzymes; limitation of exposure; literature survey; propylene; proteolytic enzymes; Sweden; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (72582)

CIS 99-605 Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards XVIII. (Swedish: Vetenskapligt Underlag för Hygieniska Gränsvärden 18) Lundberg P., ed., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1997. 78p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 91-7045-446-9 (Sw), ISBN 91-7045-447-7 (En) (In English, Swedish)

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This volume consists of the consensus reports submitted by the Criteria Group at the Swedish National Institute for Working Life between July 1996 and June 1997. Topics: 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; platinum chloride; potassium tetrachloroplatinate; ethoxyethoxyethanol; ethoxyethoxyethyl acetate; manganese dioxide; trimanganese tetraoxide; platinum tetrachloride; methyl cyanoacrylate; ammonium tetrachloroplatinate; ammonium hexachloroplatinate; potassium hexachloroplatinate; sodium hexachloroplatinate; hexachloroplatinic acid; potassium aluminium fluoride; ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate; manganese chloride; criteria document; cyanoacrylates; determination of exposure limits; ethylene; limitation of exposure; literature survey; manganese and compounds; platinum and compounds; Sweden; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (72583)

CIS 99-606 Scientific basis for Swedish occupational standards XVI. (Swedish: Vetenskapligt Underlag för Hygieniska Gränsvärden 16) Lundberg P., ed., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Förlagstjänst, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1995. 94p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 91-7045-320-9 (Sw), ISBN 91-7045-321-7 (En) (In English, Swedish)

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This volume consists of the consensus reports submitted by the Criteria Group at the Swedish National Institute for Working Life between July 1994 and June 1995. Topics: 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 2-nitropropane; aluminium; butoxyethoxyethyl acetate; diethylaminoethanol; isopropoxyethanol; propyl acetate; diethylenetriamine; diethylene glycol butyl ether; dimethyl ether; pentaerythritol; diphenylamine; diethylene glycol isobutyl ether; ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether acetate; trimethylolpropane; criteria document; determination of exposure limits; gallium and compounds; lactates; limitation of exposure; literature survey; Sweden; toxic effects; toxicology; translation. (72585)

CIS 99-607 Plastic containers: General safety conditions (I). (Spanish: Envases plásticos: condiciones generales de seguridad (I)) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 6p. Illus. 6 ref. (In Spanish)

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See also CIS 99-608. Topics: containers; data sheet; labelling; legislation; materials testing; packing in plastic containers; portable containers; Spain. (72616)

CIS 99-608 Plastic containers: General safety conditions (II). (Spanish: Envases plásticos: condiciones generales de seguridad (II)) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. Illus. (In Spanish)

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See also CIS 99-607. Topics: causes of accidents; containers; data sheet; explosion prevention; fire prevention; hazard evaluation; packing in plastic containers; portable containers; Spain. (72617)

CIS 99-609 Leakages in vessels: Emission in gas phase. (Spanish: Fugas en recipientes: emisión en fase gaseosa) Turmo Sierra E., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 6p. 8 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: dangerous substances; data sheet; gases; leakage; mathematical analysis; pressure vessels and systems; Spain; temperature-pressure relationship. (72620)

CIS 99-610 Air purifying respirators against gases and vapours. (German: Atemschutzfilter gegen Gase/Dämpfe) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1997. 41p. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: air purifying respirators; Austria; dangerous work; data sheet; harmful substances; hazard identification; list of chemical substances; maintenance; protection criteria; TLV list; toxic gases. (72762)

CIS 99-611 Working with acids. (German: Umgang mit Säuren) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 20p. Illus. (In German)

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Replaces Merkblatt M 33 (CIS 89-1318). Topics: acids; Austria; data sheet; first aid; handling and storage; harmful substances; personal protective equipment; safe working methods; safety guides. (72763)

CIS 99-612 Working with caustic substances. (German: Umgang mit Laugen) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 16p. Illus. (In German)

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Replaces Merkblatt M 34 (CIS 90-964). Topics: Austria; calcium hydroxide; calcium oxide; potassium hydroxide; sodium hydroxide; sodium carbonate; caustic substances; data sheet; handling and storage; harmful substances; hazard identification; personal protective equipment; safe working methods; safety guides. (72768)

CIS 99-613 Controlling silica dust from foundry casting-cleaning operations. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Dec. 1997. 2p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English)

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Topics: cleaning of castings; data sheet; dust control; exhaust ventilation; foundries; local exhaust; respirable dust; silica; USA. (72707)

CIS 99-614 Controlling cleaning-solvent vapors at small printers. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Dec. 1997. 3p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English)

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Topics: data sheet; exhaust ventilation; health engineering; health hazards; local exhaust; printing and duplicating; protective gloves; solvents; substitution; USA. (72708)

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CIS 99-615 Construction materials in the European Union: Flammability tests - The European classification system. (Spanish: Los productos de construcción en la Unión Europea: ensayos de reacción al fuego - las euroclases) Lacosta Berna J.M., Prevención, Apr.-June 1996, No.136, p.37-51. Illus. (In Spanish)

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Topics: building materials; classification; comment on directive; comment on standard; construction industry; European Communities; fire prevention; fire protection; fire resisting structures; ISO; standardization. (72602)

CIS 99-616 Continuous training in a fire brigade. (Spanish: La formación de mantenimiento en un servicio de bomberos) Rotger Llinas D., Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 1997, Vol.17, No.68, p.21-31. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: fire fighting; fire services; human relations; industrial relations; refresher training; safety and health training. (72652)

CIS 99-617 Accident at the Zyrjanovskaja mine. (Russian: Avarija na šahte "Zyrjanovskaja") Čigrin V.D., Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1998, No.4, p.14-20. Illus. (In Russian)

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Description of the causes and consequences of a methane and dust explosion that killed 67 miners in a Russian coal mine. Topics: accident descriptions; causes of accidents; coal mining; coal-dust explosions; fatalities; mine gases; Russian Federation. (72669)

CIS 99-618 Fire safety at any price?. Charters D., Fire Prevention, Oct. 1998, No.313, p.12-15. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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Topics: buildings; cost-benefit analysis; fire hazards; fire protection; hazard evaluation; safety by design. (72717)

CIS 99-619 Alternative cooling fluids for use in nitration vessels. Bellamy A.J., Chung L.K., Talbot A.E., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Apr. 1998, Vol.59, No.2-3, p.145-157. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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A selection of water-based potential heat exchange fluids was tested by mixing with typical nitrating acids and comparing the effects with those produced by adding water alone. In contrast with the explosive effects produced when methanol/water and ethanediol/water are allowed to mix with mixed-acid nitrating acids, three aqueous inorganic solutions - magnesium nitrate, ion(III) nitrate and phosphoric acid - were found to interact much less exothermically, even less than is observed on adding the same amount of water that these solutions contain. In addition, they do not generate unstable by-products. The replacement of the currently used, hazardous, cooling fluids by these alternatives is advocated. Topics: coolants; exothermic reactions; experimental determination; nitration; substitution. (72731)

CIS 99-620 Development of methods to assess the significance of domino effects from major hazard sites. Gledhill J., Lines I., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. vii, 104p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 32.50., ISBN 0-7176-1592-8 (In English)

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Topics: choice of location; emergency exposure limits; explosion hazards; fire hazards; flame spread; flying particles; hazard criteria; hazard evaluation; literature survey; major hazards; neighbourhood protection; overpressure; radiant heat; report; results of explosions; safety by design; toxic substances; United Kingdom; vapour clouds. (72730)

CIS 99-621 Metal containers for flammable liquids. (Spanish: Recipientes metálicos para líquidos inflamables) Tamborero del Pino J.M., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 7p. Illus. 10 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: approval; containers; data sheet; fire hazards; fire prevention; flammable liquids; handling and storage; legislation; portable containers; safety rules; Spain. (72613)

CIS 99-622 Flammable substances: Variation of danger parameters. (Spanish: Productos inflamables: variación de los parámetros de peligrosidad) Turmo Sierra E., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: data sheet; determination of flammable limits; explosive atmospheres; flammable limits; flammable substances; hazard criteria; mathematical analysis; safety analysis; Spain. (72614)

CIS 99-623 Diallyl ether. Fire Protection Association, Fire Prevention, Oct. 1998, No.313, 2p. Insert. (In English)

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Topics: diallyl ether; data sheet; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; flammable liquids; health hazards; irritants; legislation; storage; United Kingdom; warning notices. (72718)

CIS 99-624 Vinyl ethyl ether. Fire Protection Association, Jan.-Feb. 1998, No.306, p.51-52., ISBN 0309-6866 (In English)

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Topics: vinyl ethyl ether; data sheet; explosion hazards; fire fighting; fire hazards; flammable liquids; health hazards; hepatic damage; irritants; legislation; storage; United Kingdom; warning notices. (72719)

CIS 99-625 Hazards pertaining to the use of low temperature liquefied gas. (Spanish: Riesgos en la utilización de gases licuados a baja temperatura) Alonso Valle F., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 5p. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: asphyxia; cold substances; containers; data sheet; explosion hazards; frostbite; leakage; liquefied gases; protective clothing; risk factors; safety devices; Spain. (72618)

CIS 99-626 Guidelines for conducting risk analyses on dangerous industrial installations. (Russian: Metodičeskie ukazanie po provedeniju analiza riska opasnyh promyšlennyh ob"ektov) Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1997, No.2, p.46-56. (In Russian)

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This guidance document for the Petroleum and Gas Industry Inspection Administration of the Russian Mine and Industrial Inspectorate (Gosgortehnadzor) sets forth procedures for risk analyses mandated by the Ordinance of 1 July 1995 on the declaration of safety of an industrial installation (CIS 96-1940). Topics: directive; hazard evaluation; major hazards; petroleum and natural gas industry; Russian Federation. (72667)

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CIS 99-627 The causes of electrical fatalities at work. Williamson A., Feyer A.M., Journal of Safety Research, Fall 1998, Vol.29, No.3, p.187-196. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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Data from the Australian Work-Related Fatalities Study were analysed to examine accidents where the direct cause of death was contact with electricity (electrocution) and accidents which occurred in occupations with high exposure to electricity (electrical and related trades) but where the cause of death was not necessarily electrocution. Accident patterns for these two groups were compared to those for all fatalities. Behaviour was most likely to be involved in electricity-related deaths and to be a prime cause. Compared to fatal accidents in general, in electricity-related fatalities omission errors were more common than commission errors, and electricity-related fatalities had different patterns of contributing factors. Electrocutions were more likely to have involved poor upkeep of equipment and task errors at an earlier time compared to electrical trade fatalities and fatalities in general. Results may be used to identify the most effective targets for prevention. Topics: analysis of accident causes; causes of accidents; electric shock; electrical accidents; electrical industry; electricity; faulty construction; human behaviour; human failure; risk factors; survey; unsafe acts. (72462)

CIS 99-628 Plug and socket connections (for electricians). (German: Steckvorrichtungen (für Elektrofachkundige)) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 16p. Illus. (In German)

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Topics: Austria; data sheet; description of equipment; electric connections; electrical equipment; electrical safety; hazard identification; safety guides. (72769)

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CIS 99-629 Race/ethnicity differences in the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss in a group of metal fabricating workers. Ishii E.K., Talbott E.O., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.661-666. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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In a retrospective study of cumulative noise exposure and hearing loss in 216 white and 70 non-white male metal fabricating workers, non-whites reported a higher proportion of time using hearing protection, while whites had a slightly higher number of years worked and a substantially greater average decibel hearing loss. After adjusting for years of employment, race/ethnicity was the major-effect variable. Occupational noise exposure alone does not account for the racial hearing differences. Topics: audiometric tests; exposure evaluation; hearing level; hearing loss; hearing protection; hearing threshold; length of exposure; long-term study; metalworking industry; race-linked differences. (72441)

CIS 99-630 Occupational noise-induced hearing loss surveillance in Michigan. Reilly M.J., Rosenman K.D., Kalinowski D.J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.667-674. 11 ref. (In English)

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From 1992-1997, 1378 individuals with occupational noise-induced hearing loss were reported to the Michigan Department of Consumer and Industry Services and interviewed about their exposures to noise at work. Over 70% of workplace noise exposure was in manufacturing, where approximately 46% of individuals reported that the most recent company at which they worked did not provide regular hearing testing. 96% of construction workers had no regular hearing testing at their most recent job, although hearing protection such as earplugs or earmuffs was provided for approximately half of these jobs. Of the 43 companies where state enforcement inspections were conducted, 23 had noise levels above 85dBA, and 17 of those had either no hearing conservation programme or had one that was cited as incomplete. The surveillance system identified workplaces with hazardous noise levels and no hearing protection programme, thereby protecting similarly exposed workers from further noise exposure and hearing loss. Topics: audiometric tests; construction industry; enforcement; hearing loss; hearing protection; hearing threshold; job-exposure relation; labour inspection; manufacturing industries; Michigan; noise level; noise; survey; USA. (72442)

CIS 99-631 Antivibration platforms for asphalt-laying machines. (French: Plates-formes antivibratiles pour les finisseurs routiers) Gelé C., Travail et sécurité, Jan. 1998, No.568, p.30-34. Illus. 1 ref. (In French)

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Topics: construction equipment; description of equipment; road work; vibration damping; vibration dosimetry. (72555)

CIS 99-632 Hand-arm vibration syndrome - Health effects of hand held vibrating tools. (Japanese: Shuwankei shindou shougai - temochi doryoku kougu niyoru kenkou eikyou) Futatsuka M., Occupational Health Review, May 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.27-48. Illus. 60 ref. (In Japanese)

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Observations indicating a chronic autonomic disturbance include changes in cardiac function, excessive hearing loss in persons with vibration-induced white finger (VWF), and reduced toe skin temperature even in the absence of acute cold or vibration exposure. Sympathetic hyperactivity alone has long been postulated to account for VWF, but damage to vasoregulatory structures and functions in the finger skin now also seems to be involved. An abnormal level of sympathetic efferent activity may be important in producing the symptoms of VWF. Topics: dose-response relationship; epidemiologic study; hand tools; hand-arm vibration; literature survey; Raynaud's phenomenon; vibrating tools; vibration disease. (72750)

CIS 99-633 The impact of flicker from fluorescent lighting on well-being, performance and physiological arousal. Küller R., Laike T., Ergonomics, Apr. 1998, Vol.41, No.4, p.433-447. Illus. 57 ref. (In English)

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35 individuals were subjected to fluorescent light powered by conventional and high-frequency ballasts in a laboratory office on two separate occasions with one week in between. Only a few general effects were observed. However, when the light was powered by the conventional ballasts, individuals with high critical flicker fusion frequency responded with a pronounced attenuation of EEG α waves and an increase in speed and decrease in accuracy of performance. These results may be understood in terms of heightened arousal in the central nervous system in response to the pronounced light modulation caused by the conventional ballasts. In order to alleviate this potential stress source, it is recommended that fluorescent lighting be powered by electronic high-frequency ballast of good quality. Topics: arousal; artificial lighting; biological effects; cognitive performance; electroencephalography; flicker; fluorescent tubes; luminance; neuropsychic stress; subjective assessment; work capacity. (72482)

CIS 99-634 New developments in CSP (Comfort, Satisfaction and Performance). Bean A.R., McFadden T.M., Lighting Research and Technology, 1998, Vol.30, No.3, p.126-132. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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The CSP system is used for evaluating the likely acceptance of lighting schemes by office workers. The responses of office workers obtained in some new work on CSP are compared with the predictions obtained using the original CSP data. The results of the original work are also reconsidered and an alternative interpretation is suggested to simplify the application of the CSP in practice. Topics: artificial lighting; comfort assessment; evaluation of technique; illumination levels; luminance measurement; offices; prediction; subjective assessment; visual comfort; visual performance. (72740)

CIS 99-635 Improving indoor air quality through the use of continual multipoint monitoring of carbon dioxide and dew point. Bearg D.W., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1998, Vol.59, No.9, p.636-641. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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An approach for improving the indoor air quality in a building by providing feedback on the performance of the ventilation system is described. This is achieved by means of an automated sampling system that draws air from multiple locations and delivers it to a carbon monoxide monitor and a dew point sensor. The use of single shared sensors facilitates calibration checks and helps to guarantee data integrity. Topics: air sampling; carbon dioxide; continuous monitoring; determination in air; humidity measurement; humidity; ventilation systems. (72473)

CIS 99-636 Prevalence of irritative symptoms in a nonproblem air-conditioned office building. Muzi G., Abbritti. G., Accattoli M.P., Dell'Omo M., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1998, Vol.71, No.6, p.372-378. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

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In a questionnaire survey of 198 employees in an air-conditioned office building and 281 controls working in naturally ventilated buildings, a significantly higher proportion of workers in the air-conditioned building reported a lack of comfort in the working environment compared with controls. The most common complaints were strong lighting, high temperature and dry, dusty and/or stuffy air. The prevalence of ocular, upper airway and cutaneous symptoms was higher among the workers in the air-conditioned building. No significant difference was observed in respiratory or general symptoms. Working with video display units and photocopiers influenced ocular symptoms; while upper airway and cutaneous symptoms were influenced by female gender and working in the air-conditioned building. Topics: air-conditioned premises; CRT display terminals; eye irritation; irritation; natural ventilation; offices; questionnaire survey; sick building syndrome; symptoms. (72733)

CIS 99-637 Neurological manifestations in heat disorder. (Japanese: necchūshō ni okeru chūsuishinkeishōgai) Shimazu M., Aruga T., Fukui M., Akita Y., Hiroshige J., Suzuki Y., Kato H., Miyakea Y., Sugita M., Japanese Journal of Traumatology and Occupational Medicine, 1997, Vol.45, No.8, p.505-511. Illus. 18 ref. (In Japanese)

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Summary in English. Five cases of occupational heat disorders (sun stroke, heat cramp, heat exhaustion and two cases of heat stroke) are described. Transient consciousness disturbance was the main neurological symptom in sun stroke and heat exhaustion. No neurological abnormalities were observed in heat cramp. Two patients in the acute stage of heat stroke manifested severe consciousness disturbances. Parkinsonism, mental disturbance, tremor, ataxic gait and dysarthria were observed as late neurological complications in heat stroke, but no cerebellum changes were detected in computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head. The neurological disorders may be due to hyperthermia and shock (systemic hypotension and dehydration). Cooling is essential for clinical management in the acute stage. Periodic rest breaks are important for the prevention of heat stroke when working in high temperatures. Topics: case study; heat cramps; heat exhaustion; heat stress disease; heat stroke; neurological effects; unconsciousness. (72744)

CIS 99-638 MR imaging of the central nervous system in divers. Yanagawa Y., Okada Y., Terai C., Ikeda T., Ishida K., Fukuda H., Hirata F., Fujita K., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.69, No.9, Section 1, p.892-895. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 25 divers and 25 controls, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed that nine of the divers had central nervous system (CNS) lesions compared with two controls. There was a significant relationship between CNS lesions, age and smoking. Divers should undergo periodic medical evaluations and MRI brain scanning. Topics: age-linked differences; brain tissue damage; central nervous system; decompression sickness; diving; magnetic resonance imaging; medical supervision; smoking. (72464)

CIS 99-639 Vibration white finger revisited. Hadler N.M., Bernard B., Nelson N., Estill C.F., Fine L., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.40, No.9, p.772-785. 90 ref. (In English)

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Topics: chain saws; diagnosis; dose-response relationship; epidemiologic study; forestry and logging; hand-arm vibration; literature survey; permissible levels; pneumatic tools; quarrying industry; Raynaud's phenomenon; vibrating tools; vibration disease. (72491)

CIS 99-640 Trends in hearing protector usage in American manufacturing from 1972 to 1989. Davis R.R., Sieber W.K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Oct. 1998, Vol.59, No.10, p.715-722. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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Based on national survey data, estimates were made of numbers of workers using hearing protection in various industries in the USA. In general higher percentages of workers used hearing protection in 1989 than in 1982. Increased hearing protection use over time was also found when size of facility was taken into account. Differences in the use of hearing protection over the period 1972-1989 varied in individual industries, ranging from less than 10% to more than 30%. Topics: hearing protection; legal aspects; list of occupations; manufacturing industries; noise level; statistical trends; supply of personal protective equipment; survey; USA. (72505)

CIS 99-641 Whole-body vibration of tractor drivers during harrowing. Sorainen E., Penttinen J., Kallio M., Rytkönen E., Taattola K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1998, Vol.59, No.9, p.642-644. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

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The seat vibration of nine tractors was investigated while harrowing was being performed. In all cases, the average vibration of the seat exceeded the 8h "fatigue-decreased proficiency boundary" specified in the international standard ISO 2631/1. The instantaneous accelerations of the most harmful one-third octave band of vibration were sometimes two- to threefold compared with the average. More technical development is needed to reduce seat vibration to a safe level. Topics: agricultural operations; back disorders; backache; drivers; tractors; vibration acceleration; vibration measurement; whole-body vibration. (72474)

CIS 99-642 Occupational hearing loss among selected farm tractor operators employed on large multiproduction farms in Poland. Solecki L., International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1998, Vol.11, No.1, p.69-80. Illus. 23 ref. (In English)

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45 farm tractor drivers from multiproduction farms were examined in order to estimate the degree of occupational hearing loss. Hearing loss of over 20dB was noted for 56% of operators within the highest frequency range of 3, 4 and 6 kHz, and for 22% of operators in the medium frequency range of 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz. No hearing loss was observed in the control group. In the group of operators under 35 years of age a statistically significant correlation was observed between hearing loss and the length of employment in agriculture, whereas in the group of workers over 35 years of age hearing loss was more strongly correlated with age, although this was not statistically significant. Results confirmed that detected hearing loss among operators of farm tractors was caused by exposure to occupational noise on farms. Topics: age-linked differences; agricultural operations; audiometric tests; epidemiologic study; hearing loss; hearing threshold; length of service; noise level; noise; Poland; sound frequency; tractors. (72624)

CIS 99-643 Pregnancy and in-flight cosmic radiation. Geeze D.S., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Nov. 1998, Vol.69, No.11, p.1061-1064. 23 ref. (In English)

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In-flight cosmic radiation represents a hazard to the foetuses of pregnant crewmembers. Animal studies of low dose ionizing radiation exposures, and human studies of high dose exposures, suggest that pregnant aviators may inadvertently subject their foetuses to a risk of decreased cognitive capacity, mental retardation or childhood leukaemia. Flight attendants sometimes unknowingly exceed recommended maximum cosmic radiation doses to their foetuses, thus raising social, ethical and legal issues. Topics: air transport; children; cognitive performance; cosmic rays; embryotoxic effects; expectant mothers; leukaemia; mental disorders; permissible radiation doses. (72716)

CIS 99-644 Study of thermal and physical workload in small-scale brickyards in Tunisia. (French: Etude des charges thermiques et physiques du travail dans les briqueteries artisanales en Tunisie) Ben Lellahom L., Akrout M., Sayadi A., Kraiem R., Zouiter I., Maaloul A., Hidri A., Keroai F., Revue de médecine du travail, Mar.-Apr. 1998, Vol.XXV, No.2, p.72-83. 19 ref. (In French)

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Topics: air temperature; brick and tile industry; handicrafts; heat load; heavy work; hot workplaces; humidity; physical workload; pulse rate; questionnaire survey; sweat rate; sweat secretion during effort; thermal environment; WBGT index. (72543)

CIS 99-645 Occupational exposure to optical radiation. (Spanish: La exposición laboral a radiaciones ópticas) Ruperez Calvo M.J., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 59p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-496-5 (In Spanish)

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Topics: check lists; eye injuries; filter glasses; hazard evaluation; infrared radiation; legislation; luminous flux; skin injuries; Spain; ultraviolet radiation; visible radiation. (72658)

CIS 99-646 Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields: Practical application of NRPB guidance. Chadwick P.J., National Radiological Protection Board, Stationery Office Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, July 1998. 26p. Illus. 4 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-85951-421-8 (In English)

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Current NRPB guidance on exposure to electromagnetic fields was published in 1993 (CIS 94-2089). Since then, NRPB has gained considerable experience of the practical implementation of this guidance in industrial environments. This report describes strategies that have been developed to allow comparisons to be made between measured exposure levels and the NRPB restrictions on exposure in situations where the straightforward application of the investigation levels may not always be appropriate. Topics: dosimetry; electric fields; electromagnetic fields; exposure evaluation; magnetic fields; permissible radiation doses; radiation monitoring; report; United Kingdom. (72706)

CIS 99-647 Criteria for a recommended standard - Occupational noise exposure - Revised criteria 1998. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1998. xvi, 105p. Illus. 229 ref. (In English)

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Topics: audiometric tests; exposure records; glossary; hazard evaluation; hearing conservation; hearing damage risk criteria; hearing loss; hearing protection; impulse noise; length of exposure; limitation of exposure; noise dosimetry; noise level; noise measurement; noise; programme evaluation; USA. (72752)

CIS 99-648 Managing confined spaces on farms. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 4p. 2 ref. (In English)

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Topics: agricultural operations; asphyxia; bulk storage bins; data sheet; emergency organization; forage processing; safe working methods; toxic atmosphere detection; United Kingdom; work in confined spaces. (72753)

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CIS 99-649 Big progress in wide-body aircraft. (French: Grands progrès pour gros porteurs) Chouchan D., Travail et sécurité, Apr. 1998, No.571, p.2-8. Illus. (In French)

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Topics: aircraft industry; information of personnel; lifting of loads; load carriage; manual handling; manual lifting; work design. (72551)

CIS 99-650 Stopping falls through rooflights. Pimblott S., Safety and Health Practitioner, Sep. 1998, Vol.16, No.9, p.44-45. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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Topics: building materials; falls from heights; legal aspects; roofs; safety by design; strength of materials; United Kingdom; work on roofs. (72489)

CIS 99-651 Risk factors for pilot fatalities in general aviation airplane crash landings. Rostykus P.S., Cummings P., Mueller B.A., Journal of the American Medical Association, 16 Sep. 1998, Vol.280, No.11, p.997-999. 14 ref. (In English)

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Pilot fatalities in general aviation crash landings of aeroplanes with 10 seats or fewer were investigated. Pilots died in 437 (5.2%) of 8411 crash landings. A fire or explosion on the ground was strongly associated with pilot death. Pilots who failed to use both lap belt and shoulder harness and those who used only a lap belt were more likely to die than those who used both restraints. Pilots may be able to reduce their risks of death in a crash landing by using lap and shoulder restraints. Topics: age-linked differences; air transport; aircraft pilots; case-control study; experience; fatalities; harnesses; risk factors; safety belts. (72498)

CIS 99-652 Lift trucks with driver's seat. (German: Stapler mit Fahrersitz) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 13p. Illus. (In German)

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Replaces Merkblatt M 841 (CIS 93-434). Topics: Austria; data sheet; drivers seats; equipment testing; fork-lift trucks; legislation; qualifications; safe working methods; safety devices; safety guides; transport of persons. (72761)

CIS 99-653 Chain saws. (German: Motorsägen) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 14p. Illus. (In German)

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Replaces Merkblatt M 592 (CIS 93-437). Topics: Austria; chain saws; data sheet; forestry; legislation; logging; noise; personal protective equipment; preventive maintenance; safety checks; safety guides; vibration. (72764)

CIS 99-654 Pits and trenches for pipes and cables. (German: Gruben, Gräben, Künetten) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Str. 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, 1996. 20p. Illus. (In German)

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Replaces Merkblatt M 28 (CIS 89-1011). Topics: Austria; cable laying; data sheet; pipelaying; safety guides; trench shoring; trenching and excavating. (72765)

CIS 99-655 Safeguarding of calenders in the rubber industry. Health and Safety Commission, Rubber Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. v, 24p. Illus. 23 ref. Price: GBP 6.00., ISBN 0-7176-1456-5 (In English)

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Topics: control elements; European Communities; hazard evaluation; information of personnel; legislation; mechanical hazards; mills and calenders; nip protection; nips; preventive maintenance; rubber industry; safe working methods; safety devices; safety guides; sensing guards; United Kingdom. (72724)

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CIS 99-656 Prevention of laboratory animal allergy. Fisher R., Saunders W.B., Murray S.J., Stave G.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.609-613. 24 ref. (In English)

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A comprehensive programme to reduce exposure to environmental allergens was implemented in a large pharmaceutical company. The programme included education, engineering controls, administrative controls, use of personal protective equipment and medical surveillance. Results of a prospective survey of five years of data showed that the prevalence of laboratory animal allergy ranged from 12% to 22% and that the incidence was reduced to zero during the last two years of observation. Laboratory animal allergy is preventable through the implementation of a comprehensive effort to reduce exposure to allergens. Topics: allergies; experimental animals; health programmes; laboratory work; limitation of exposure; long-term study; medical supervision; pharmaceutical industry; programme evaluation; protective clothing; risk factors; safety training in industry. (72467)

CIS 99-657 IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans - Hepatitis viruses. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), IARC Press, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, 1994. 286p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 65.00., ISBN 92-832-1259-2 (In English)

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This monograph presents the views and expert opinions of an IARC working group which met in Lyon, France 8-15 June 1993. Overall evaluation: chronic infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus is carcinogenic to humans; infection with hepatitis D virus is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. Topics: animal experiments; carcinogenic effects; contagion; criteria document; human experiments; IARC; infectious hepatitis; literature survey; liver cancer; race-linked differences; viruses; WHO. (72525)

CIS 99-658 IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans - Human immunodeficiency viruses and human T-cell lymphotropic viruses. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), IARC Press, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, 1996. xii, 424p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-832-1267-3 (In English)

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This monograph presents the views and expert opinions of an IARC working group which met in Lyon, France 11-18 June 1996. Overall evaluation: infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) or human T-cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I) is carcinogenic to humans; infection with HIV-2 is possibly carcinogenic to humans; infection with HTLV-II is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. Topics: animal experiments; antibodies; carcinogenic effects; criteria document; Hodgkin's disease; human experiments; IARC; immunobiological changes; immunodeficiency syndrome; Kaposi's sarcoma; leukaemia; literature survey; lymphatic diseases; lymphoma; viruses; WHO. (72526)

CIS 99-659 Supplement to Categorisation of biological agents according to hazard and categories of containment (4th edition, 1995). Health and Safety Executive, Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 24p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Supplement to CIS 96-1100. Topics: biological hazards; classification systems; comment on law; European Communities; fungi; laboratory work; legislation; medical supervision; microorganisms; parasitic diseases; pathogenic bacteria; United Kingdom; viruses. (72722)

CIS 99-660 Exposure to biological agents: Safety and good laboratory practices. (Spanish: Exposición a agentes biológicos: seguridad y buenas prácticas de laboratorio) Constans Aubert A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 8p. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

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Topics: biological hazards; comment on directive; data sheet; hazard evaluation; laboratories; laboratory equipment; laboratory work; safety rules; Spain. (72611)

CIS 99-661 Guidance for handling meat and bone meal material - Supplement to BSE (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy): Background and general occupational guidance. Health and Safety Executive, Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1998. 4p., ISBN 0-7176-1212-0 (In English)

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Supplement to CIS 96-2312. Topics: bovine spongiform encephalopathy; contagion; disposal of harmful waste; exhaust ventilation; high-risk groups; infection control; meat industry; personal protective equipment; slaughtering; United Kingdom; zoonoses. (72723)

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CIS 99-662 A new trend in the study of low back pain in workplaces. Yamamoto S., Industrial Health, Apr. 1997, Vol.35, No.2, p.173-185. Illus. 120 ref. (In English)

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In 1996 the number of low back pain (LBP) cases in Japan was 5,162, accounting for 60 percent of the total number of officially recognized occupational diseases. The Labor Ministry of Japan issued guidelines on the prevention of LBP in 1994 which emphasized several work-related factors, the importance of readiness for change in posture, standardization of work procedures, and exercise before work. Workplace factors, including the lifting of heavy loads, unnatural dynamic and static work postures, sudden muscle contraction, loss of balance and falls, and their prevalence rates for different sectors are reviewed. Models for evaluating workload on the body are also discussed, as are environmental risk factors such as cold, vibration, lighting, circulatory strain and smoking, with reference to neural control of muscle contraction underlying the voluntary movement of workers. Topics: backache; cold workplaces; ergonomic evaluation; literature survey; manual lifting; measurement of physical workload; physical workload; risk factors; spinal column; work posture. (72742)

CIS 99-663 The risk factors for occupational low back pain among the manufacturers - An investigation using new criteria by VAS and PD. (Japanese: seizō jyūjisya no yōtsū ni kansuru ankēto cyōsa: atarashii shindan kijyun ni yoru kaiseki) Inaoka M., Yonenobu K., Hosono N., Yamazaki Y., Tada K., Hiramatsu K., Japanese Journal of Traumatology and Occupational Medicine, July 1997, Vol.45, No.7, p.479-487. Illus. 19 ref. (In Japanese)

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Summary in English. The occupational risk factors for low back pain (LBP) were investigated in 1263 men and 120 women through the use of a simple questionnaire. Replies were validated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and localization of pain on drawings (PD). From the questionnaire replies, 49 percent were positive for LBP and 51 percent negative. On validation these figures became 39 percent positive and 30 percent negative, and 30 percent were indeterminate. Significant risk factors associated with LBP were ageing, body mass index, history of illness, history of treatment, job dissatisfaction and heavy lifting. Topics: ageing; backache; cross-sectional study; job dissatisfaction; manual lifting; manufacturing industries; risk factors; subjective assessment. (72743)

CIS 99-664 Working hours as a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction in Japan: Case-control study. Sokejima S., Kagamimori S., British Medical Journal, 19 Sep. 1998, Vol.317, No.7161, p.775-780. Illus. 32 ref. (In English)

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The extent to which working hours affect the risk of acute myocardial infarction was investigated in 195 men aged 30-69 years with acute myocardial infarction and in 331 controls. There was a U shaped relation between the mean working hours and the risk of acute myocardial infarction. There also seemed to be a trend for the risk of infarction to increase with greater increases in mean working hours. Topics: case-control study; hazard evaluation; hours of work; male workers; myocardial infarction; risk factors. (72510)

CIS 99-665 Occupation as a risk factor for knee disorders. Jensen L.K., Eenberg W., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, June 1996, Vol.22, No.3, p.165-175. 72 ref. (In English)

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Literature survey on the risk of knee disorders in connection with kneeling or squatting work and heavy physical work. A systematic review revealed 19 controlled studies on this correlation: 16 on osteoarthrosis, 5 on bursitis, 3 on meniscal lesions and 0 on chondromalacia. All the relevant studies demonstrated a significantly increased prevalence ratio of between 1.4 and 4 for knee osteoarthrosis for subjects with kneeling or squatting work. Four of eight studies demonstrated a significantly increased prevalence ratio of between 1.4 and 4.1 for knee osteoarthrosis in subjects with heavy physical work. All the studies on bursitis showed an increased prevalence in subjects with kneeling work. Occupational exposure was not sufficiently documented as the cause of meniscal lesions and chondromalacia. Topics: bursitis; epidemiologic study; heavy work; knee lesions; kneeling posture; literature survey; meniscitis; occupation disease relation; osteoarthropathy; squatting posture. (72539)

CIS 99-666 A comparison of peak vs. cumulative physical work exposure risk factors for the reporting of low back pain in the automotive industry. Norman R., Wells R., Neumann P., Frank J., Shannon H., Kerr M., Clinical Biomechanics, Dec. 1998, Vol.13, No.8, p.561-573. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

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Physical exposures to peak and cumulative lumbar spine moment, compression and shear forces, trunk kinematics and forces on hands were analysed in 104 workers who had reported low back pain (cases) and in 130 randomly selected controls. Cases showed significantly higher loading on all biomechanical variables. Four independent risk factors were identified: integrated lumbar moment (over a shift), 'usual' hand force, peak shear force at the level of L₄/L₅ and peak trunk velocity. Cumulative biomechanical variables are important risk factors in the reporting of low back pain. Spinal tissue loading estimates from a biomechanical model provide information not included in the trunk kinematics and hand force inputs to the model alone. Workers in the top 25% of loading exposure on all risk factors are at about six times the risk of reporting low back pain when compared with those in the bottom 25%. Topics: assembly-line work; backache; body mechanics; case-control study; lumbar column; measurement of physical workload; motor vehicle industry; physical workload; spinal column; work posture. (72449)

CIS 99-667 An ergonomic characterization of work in concrete form construction. Spielholz P., Wiker S.F., Silverstein B., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1998, Vol.59, No.9, p.629-635. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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Ergonomic risks during concrete construction were identified and characterized using 1220 randomized work samples from videotape, 82 worker discomfort surveys, on-site observation and labour-management focus groups discussions. Results showed that carpenters spent over 40% 0f the day in a forward torso flexion posture and over one-third of the day working at or below knee level. Hammering was the single most frequently performed activity (approximately 17% of the day). The body location with the highest reported prevalence of symptomatic disorders was the lower back (48%), followed by the forearm/wrist (37%). It was concluded that carpenters are exposed to significant hazards in formwork construction, and that opportunities exist for the implementation of ergonomic interventions. Topics: backache; building industry; carpentry; concrete formwork; ergonomic evaluation; exposure evaluation; hazard evaluation; job-exposure relation; musculoskeletal diseases; questionnaire survey; risk factors; work posture. (72472)

CIS 99-668 Stress and strain of short haul bus drivers: Psychophysiology as a design oriented method for analysis. Göbel M., Springer J., Scherff J., Ergonomics, May 1998, Vol.41, No.5, p.563-580. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

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A detailed workload analysis consisting of a task analysis, a strain analysis derived from electrocardiographic (ECG) measure and an eye movement analysis was performed during public bus driving in different cities and with different drivers and bus types. While results should be considered as limited owing to methodological restraints, they provided valuable guidance for design. A new concept for the driver cabin was created and then evaluated using similar psychophysiological measures. Results indicated that the redesigned workstation reduced workload levels. Topics: buses; drivers cabs; electrocardiographic changes; job study; layout of controls; mental workload; perceptual-motor performance; public transport; pulse rate; stress factors; visual tasks; work posture; workplace design. (72711)

CIS 99-669 Cognition and aging in a complex work environment: Relationships with performance among air traffic control specialists. Becker J.T., Milke R.M., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1998, Vol.69, No.10, p.944-951. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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Effects of ageing on the performance of air traffic control (ATC) specialists are discussed. The limited data available suggest a strong relationship between age and job performance among ATC specialists, whether measured at the time of entry into the system or during the working lifetime of a controller. Since a high proportion of controllers in the U.S. ATC system will be at risk of displaying age-related changes in job performance efficiency over the next 10 years, it is important to determine the nature and extent of the age-related cognitive changes that can occur during the lifespan of a controller (25-55 years of age) and how these changes may affect job performance. The results of such an analysis should aid in the design and implementation of new control systems to minimize any deleterious effects of ageing on performance. Topics: age-linked differences; ageing; air traffic control; cognitive performance; experience; hearing level; literature survey; mental workload; older workers; perceptual-motor performance; visual tasks. (72715)

CIS 99-670 Anthropometric variability, equipment usability and musculoskeletal pain in a group of nurses in the Western Cape. Botha W.E., Bridger R.S., Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.481-490. 34 ref. (In English)

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A group of nurses in hospitals in Western Cape, South Africa, reported numerous problems in the working environment, including lumbar backache, inadequate space and equipment that caused bodily discomfort. Anthropometric variables were measured and there were consistent and significant associations between the frequency of occurrence of these problems and the anthropometric data. Results indicate that the problems were caused or amplified by body size variability and were not simply general usability problems which could affect all nurses irrespective of their body dimensions. Topics: anthropometry; backache; design of equipment; ergonomic evaluation; manual lifting; musculoskeletal diseases; nursing personnel; questionnaire survey; South Africa; workplace design. (72480)

CIS 99-671 The effect of imposed and self-selected computer monitor height on posture and gaze angle. Burgess-Limerick R., Plooy A., Ankrum D.R., Clinical Biomechanics, Dec. 1998, Vol.13, No.8, p.584-592. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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Twelve subjects performed a tracking task with a computer monitor placed at three different heights. They then completed eight trails in which monitor height was first self-selected. The 27° change in monitor height imposed was, on average, accommodated by 18° of head inclination and a 9° change in gaze angle relative to the head. The self-selected height varied depending on the initial monitor height and inclination. Self-selected monitor heights were lower than current 'eye-level' recommendations. Lower monitor heights are likely to reduce both visual and musculoskeletal discomfort. Topics: angle of vision; cervical column; CRT display terminals; design of equipment; ergonomic evaluation; office work; sitting posture; visual comfort; work posture. (72450)

CIS 99-672 Rapid adaptation to night work at an oil platform, but slow readaptation after returning home. Bjorvatn B., Kecklund G., Åkerstedt T., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1998, Vol.40, No.7, p.601-608. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 14 days of consecutive night work on an oil platform, workers adapted to night work within a few days, as indicated by the rapid reduction of night-work sleepiness, and by the gradual delay of bedtime to an hour commensurate with the behaviour of day workers. Readaptation to day life was slower and more difficult, adding evidence of a complete adaptation to night work. Lack of conflicting exposure to daylight in the morning may have facilitated the rapid adjustment to night work. Topics: circadian rhythm; day-night variations; natural lighting; night work; Norway; offshore oil extraction; shift work; sleep disturbances; sleep pattern. (72466)

CIS 99-673 A process for the development, specification and evaluation of VDU work desks. Karlqvist L., Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.423-432. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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A table suitable for VDU work with a mouse was developed with the participation of furniture manufacturers, employees and an employer in a research and development company. Final evaluations of the new workstations were made by technical recordings of physical load during work and by preference studies. The most important results from the evaluation were that the work table should make it possible to support the arms, to vary between sitting and standing posture and to prevent outward rotation of the shoulder. Furthermore, the study showed that it is possible to improve the furniture manufacturer's knowledge and attitudes regarding how to minimize musculoskeletal disorders and to improve working techniques. Topics: comfort assessment; CRT display terminals; electromyography; ergonomic evaluation; evaluation of equipment; subjective assessment; tables; work posture; workers participation; workplace design. (72476)

CIS 99-674 Influence of mouse position on muscular activity in the neck, shoulder and arm in computer users. Cook C.J., Kothiyal K., Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.439-443. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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Surface electromyography and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment were used to determine the differences in muscle activity and posture during an editing task in each of three mouse positions. Significantly less anterior and middle deltoid electromyographic activity was demonstrated when the computer mouse was positioned adjacent to a keyboard without a numeric pad when compared to performance of an identical task with the mouse adjacent to a standard keyboard. Electromyographic activity in trapezius muscle did not differ between mouse positions. Working posture of right handed mouse users is improved by removal of the numeric keypad. Topics: cervical column; computer terminals; electromyography; ergonomic evaluation; man-computer interfaces; measurement of load on muscles; shoulder; work posture; workplace design. (72477)

CIS 99-675 Theory and practice for the implementation of "in-house", continuous improvement participatory ergonomic programs. Haims M.C., Carayon P., Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.461-472. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

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A model for the implementation of a participatory ergonomics programme is proposed based on the behavioural cybernetic theory of learning. The model emphasizes the concepts of action, feedback, feedback control and individual learning as essential for a progression from external regulations (by outside experts) to internal regulation (by organizational members) of participatory programmes. Results support the proposed model, but do suggest an expansion of the model to include macro-level organizational variables as additional factors for developing internally regulated participatory programmes. Results have led to the specification of several design principles for implementing in-house, continuous improvement participatory programmes. Topics: ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; human behaviour; implementation of control measures; musculoskeletal diseases; programme evaluation; safety training in industry; workers participation. (72479)

CIS 99-676 An empirical study of preferred settings for lumbar support on adjustable office chairs. Coleman N., Hull B.P., Ellitt G., Ergonomics, Apr. 1998, Vol.41, No.4, p.401-419. Illus. 38 ref. (In English)

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Measurements of lumbar support settings were recorded for 43 male and 80 female office workers with identical modern office chairs with foam-padded backrests adjustable in both height and depth. Preferred settings extended to both extremes of the adjustment range. There was a significant relationship between preferred height and body mass index. Based on the evidence that a high proportion of users do make adjustments to the height and depth of their lumbar supports and the finding that different groups of users, with different physical characteristics, adjust the position of their lumbar support in distinct and predictable ways, it is concluded that office chairs with traditional padded fixed-height lumbar supports are unlikely to provide a comfortable or appropriate seat for the wide range of potential users. Topics: age-linked differences; back disorders; back rests; body weight; comfort assessment; design of equipment; individual variables; lumbar column; office chairs; sitting posture. (72481)

CIS 99-677 Shift work, occupation and coronary heart disease over 6 years of follow-up in the Helsinki Heart Study. Tenkanen L., Sjöblom T., Kalimo R., Alikoski T., Härmä M., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1997, Vol.23, No.4, p.257-265. Illus. 32 ref. (In English)

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Data from a psychosocial questionnaire and on life-style factors, blood pressure and serum lipid levels were used for a follow-up study of a cohort of 1806 workers. When shift workers were compared with day workers the relative risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) was 1.5 when only age was adjusted for, and 1.4 when life-style factors, blood pressure and serum lipids were also adjusted for. Blue-collar day workers and 2-shift and 3-shift workers had relative risks of 1.3, 1.9 and 1.7 respectively when compared with white-collar workers. The study concludes that shiftwork is an important part of the occupational gradient in CHD risk among industrial workers. Some evidence was found for the hypothesis that a direct stress-related mechanism explains part of the increased CHD risk. Topics: blood pressure; blue-collar workers; coronary diseases; long-term study; neuropsychic stress; non-occupational factors; occupation disease relation; risk factors; shift work; smoking; white-collar workers. (72535)

CIS 99-678 Changes in cortisol secretion during shiftwork: Implications for tolerance to shiftwork?. Hennig J., Kieferdorf P., Moritz C., Huwe S., Netter P., Ergonomics, May 1998, Vol.41, No.5, p.610-621. Illus. 36 ref. (In English)

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Saliva samples were collected at frequent intervals from a sample of 24 night-shift workers. A clear reversal of circadian function was observed for the total group after the fifth night. However, inspection of individual patterns revealed that for six out of 24 subjects there was no change in circadian function. These subjects exhibited lower durations of and less consistency in recovery sleep across the days following night work. With respect to personality dimensions, a pattern associated with neuroticism can be observed in subjects without appropriate changes in cortisol rhythm. However, owing to the small size of non-adapters, these results are preliminary and should be replicated with larger samples. Topics: adaptation of man to work; character; circadian rhythm; cognitive performance; corticoids; hormone secretion; night work; personality disorders; saliva monitoring; shift work; sleep disturbances. (72712)

CIS 99-679 A perspective on work system analysis: Classification and evaluation of methods. Shoaf C., Genaidy A., Shell R., Ergonomics, June 1998, Vol.41, No.6, p.881-898. Illus. 77 ref. (In English)

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An inclusive model for work system assessment is presented and the scientific literature on job analysis techniques is reviewed with respect to content relative to the model. Techniques are classified into microassessment, macroassessment and comprehensive models. Microassessment models principally focus in detail on a component subset of the inclusive model. Macroassessment models more broadly evaluate a subset of the component areas. Comprehensive models incorporate elements of both the micro- and macroassessment methods and address many components of the inclusive model. The methods are evaluated on the basis of their ability to achieve the fundamental objectives of job analysis as well as the quality criteria of validity, reliability and utility. No method was found to be sufficient in terms of the aforementioned critical criteria. Topics: character; evaluation of technique; hazard evaluation; human factors; job study; literature survey; mental workload; physical workload; work design; work organization; workplace design. (72714)

CIS 99-680 The muscular load on the lower back and shoulders due to lifting at different lifting heights and frequencies. Nielsen P.K., Andersen L., Jørgensen K., Applied Ergonomics, Dec. 1998, Vol.29, No.6, p.445-450. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

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The muscular and circulatory loads on postal workers during repetitive lifting of mail transport boxes were investigated. In a laboratory study, surface electromyography and heart rate were measured for nine combinations of lifting height and frequency. Results showed a trade off between the low back and shoulders. The maximum load on the low back occurred at the low lifting height (36.3 and 54.4cm), whereas the maximum load on the shoulders occurred at the high lifting height (144.9 and 163.0cm). The circulatory response was highest during lifting from the extreme heights at the highest frequency. It is suggested that lifting mail boxes from the lowest and highest heights should be minimized. Preferred heights would be 72.5-126.8cm above floor level. Topics: electromyography; heart rate monitoring; lifting of loads; lumbar column; measurement of load on muscles; muscle contractor activity; physical workload; postal services; shoulder. (72478)

CIS 99-681 Positive and negative evidence of risk factors for back disorders. Burdorf A., Sorock G., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Aug. 1997, Vol.23, No.4, p.243-256. 80 ref. (In English)

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Review of the scientific literature with quantitative information on work-related back disorders. Lifting or carrying loads, whole-body vibration, and frequent bending or twisting were consistently associated with work-related back disorders. Job dissatisfaction and low job decision latitude were important, but the evidence was not consistent across different studies and study designs. Epidemiological studies showed the importance of several confounding factors, especially age, smoking habits and education. Gender, height, weight, exercise and marital status were consistently not associated with back disorders in occupational populations. Topics: back disorders; bending posture; epidemiologic study; individual variables; job dissatisfaction; literature survey; manual handling; monotonous work; neuropsychic stress; physical workload; psychology of work organization; repetitive work; risk factors; whole-body vibration. (72534)

CIS 99-682 Importance of exercise tests to assess fitness for work under hyperbaric conditions. (French: Intérêt de l'épreuve d'effort pour l'aptitude au travail en milieu hyperbare) Normand J.C., Thomas P., Baud J.P., Revue de médecine du travail, Sep.-Oct. 1996, Vol.XXIII, No.4, p.184-191. Illus. 7 ref. (In French)

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During a submaximal exercise test on an ergometric bicycle, the average power reached was 199W and the maximum oxygen consumption was 43.2mL/min/kg. The hazards and physical constraints of work under hyperbaric pressure highlight the need for an ECG both at rest and during exercise to assess the strength of the cardiovascular system and its adaptation to strain. Topics: aptitude tests; comment on law; compression; decompression; electrocardiography; exercise tests; heart rate monitoring; hyperbaric pressure; oxygen intake; tunnelling; work aptitude. (72560)

CIS 99-683 Pushing and pulling in relation to musculoskeletal disorders: A review of risk factors. Hoozemans M.J.M, van der Beek A.J., Frings-Dresen M.H.W., van Dijk F.J.H., van der Woude L.H.V., Ergonomics, June 1998, Vol.41, No.6, p.757-781. Illus. 141 ref. (In English)

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Epidemiologic studies have shown that pushing and pulling is associated with low back pain. Evidence with respect to complaints of other parts of the musculoskeletal system is lacking. Risk factors have been identified which influence the maximum (acceptable) push or pull forces as well as the physiological and mechanical strain on the human body. Risk factors include: work situation, such as distance, frequency, handle height and cart weight; actual working method and posture/movement/exerted forces, such as foot distance and velocity; and workers' characteristics, such as body weight. Longitudinal epidemiologic studies are needed to relate pushing and pulling to musculoskeletal disorders. Topics: body mechanics; body weight; epidemiologic study; literature survey; manual handling; musculoskeletal diseases; pulling tasks; pushing tasks; risk factors; work posture. (72713)

CIS 99-684 Assessment and prevention of hazards from using equipment with visual display units. (Spanish: Evaluación y prevención de los riesgos relativos a la utilización de equipos con pantallas de visualización) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1998. 54p. Illus. 22 ref., ISBN 84-7425-498-1 (In Spanish)

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Topics: check lists; comment on law; computer terminals; CRT display terminals; hazard evaluation; legislation; offices; Spain; workplace design. (72659)

CIS 99-685 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 1 - Organizational design and management. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xii, 653p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-188-0 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 1 covers organizational design and management: management and evaluation of organizational changes; design and organization of production systems; workers' participation and training; organizational design and quality of working life; shift work. Topics: assembly-line work; automation; conference; ergonomics; Finland; human factors; role of management; safety and health training; shift work; work design; work organization; workers participation. (72774)

CIS 99-686 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 2 - Designing, environmental design, environmental hazards and economics. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xii, 661p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-189-9 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 2 covers: designing (computer-aided methods and tools for ergonomic evaluation of workplaces, product design and usability, tool design, workplace design); environmental design; environmental hazards (extreme temperatures, noise and vibration, radiation, lighting); and economic aspects of ergonomic interventions. Topics: computer aided design; conference; design of equipment; economic aspects; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; Finland; harmful physical agents; human factors; product safety; workplace design. (72775)

CIS 99-687 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 3 - Complex systems, cognitive ergonomics, occupational safety and materials handling. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xii, 617p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-190-2 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 3 covers: complex systems and cognitive ergonomics (mental models and human error, control rooms, displays and alarms); occupational safety (safety management and monitoring systems, designing for safety, research and standards); and materials handling. Topics: acoustic signalling; alarm systems; cognitive performance; conference; control and regulation; control rooms and cabs; ergonomics; falls on the level; Finland; human factors; human failure; layout of controls; manual handling; manual lifting; plant safety and health supervision; safety by design; visual displays; workplace design. (72776)

CIS 99-688 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 4 - Musculoskeletal disorders and rehabilitation. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xii, 603p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-191-0 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 4 covers: musculoskeletal disorders (risk factors and epidemiology, exposure assessment, surveillance and prevention); and rehabilitation (design of the environment, products and techniques, performance assessment and diagnosis, theoretical and vocational considerations). Topics: backache; conference; epidemiological aspects; ergonomics; expertise; exposure evaluation; Finland; handicapped workers; manual lifting; medical supervision; musculoskeletal diseases; rehabilitation; repetitive work; risk factors; upper extremity disorders; work posture. (72777)

CIS 99-689 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 5 - Human computer interaction, stress and mental load, aging and occupational health. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xiv, 707p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-192-9 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 5 covers: human computer interaction (design of workstations for work with visual display units, design, interface and software design); mental load, stress and well-being (psychophysiological mesurements); ergonomics in relation to ageing and work; and occupational health issues. Topics: ageing; biological effects; computer terminals; conference; ergonomics; Finland; keyboard operations; man-computer interfaces; mental stress; mental workload; older workers; plant health supervision; social aspects; visual comfort; visual displays; work capacity; work design; work posture; workplace design. (72778)

CIS 99-690 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 6 - Agriculture and food industry, construction work, dental work and traffic safety. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. ix, 503p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-193-7 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 6 covers ergonomic issues in agriculture, the food industry, construction work, dental work and traffic safety. Topics: agriculture; air traffic control; air transport; conference; construction work; dental services; drivers cabs; drivers seats; drivers; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; Finland; food industry; musculoskeletal diseases; rail transport; road transport; transport; visual displays. (72779)

CIS 99-691 From experience to innovation - IEA '97: Volume 7 - Education and training, small industries, countries in transition, theories and methodologies and miscellaneous. Seppälä P., Luopajärvi T., Nygård C.L., Mattila M., eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Publication Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1997. xii, 607p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 951-802-197-X (In English)

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Proceedings of the 13th Triennial Congress of the International Ergonomics Association held in Tampere, Finland, 29 June-4 July 1997. Volume 7 covers: education and training in ergonomics; small industries and countries in transition; theories and methodologies in ergonomic evaluation. Topics: conference; ergonomic evaluation; ergonomics; Finland; hazard evaluation; safety and health training; small enterprises; transition economies; workplace design. (72780)

CIS 99-692 Controlling the ergonomic hazards of wiring tasks for household appliances. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Dec. 1997. 4p. Illus. 1 ref. (In English)

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Topics: data sheet; design of equipment; ergonomics; hand tools; manufacture of household; musculoskeletal diseases; pneumatic tools; repetitive work; upper extremity disorders; USA; wiring. (72709)

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CIS 99-693 Surveillance of non-fatal workplace assault injuries, using police and employers' reports. Peek-Asa C., Schaffer K.B, Kraus J.F., Howard J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1998, Vol.40, No.8, p.707-713. 17 ref. (In English)

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Non-fatal workplace assaults reported to the police and through employers in eight southern California cities were examined. The combined annualized rate of workplace injury for the eight cities was 184.6 per 100,000 workers, which was almost twice the rate found in either reporting source individually. Police reports differed from employers' reports by industry and occupation of victim but not type of event or weapons used. Examination of multiple reporting sources for non-fatal workplace assault injuries is essential in identifying the magnitude of these events. Understanding trends in reporting is important for the effective design of preventive programmes. Topics: compilation of statistics; frequency rates; high-risk groups; injuries; notification of occupational accidents; violence. (72446)

CIS 99-694 Violence and threats of violence experienced by public health field-workers. Schulte J.M., Nolt B.J., Williams R.L., Spinks C.L., Hellsten J.J., Journal of the American Medical Association, 5 Aug. 1998, Vol.280, No.5, p.439-442. 25 ref. (In English)

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In a questionnaire survey of 364 public health field-workers, 139 (38%) reported 611 violent incidents, including verbal threats, weapon threats, physical attack and rape. Risk factors included worker's male sex, white ethnicity and experience of five years or longer. Violence directed toward public health field-workers is a common occupational hazard. Future research should include an assessment of the situations, clients and locations that pose a risk of violence to these workers. Topics: experience; hazard evaluation; health care personnel; human behaviour; questionnaire survey; race-linked differences; risk factors; sex-linked differences; sexual harassment; social aspects; violence. (72497)

CIS 99-695 Drug screening guidelines. Knepil J., Safety and Health Practitioner, Nov. 1998, Vol.16, No.11, p.27-30. Illus. (In English)

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Topics: determination in urine; disciplinary measures; drug dependence; drug testing; medico-legal aspects; pre-employment medical examinations. (72508)

CIS 99-696 The self-reported well-being of employees facing organizational change: Effects of an intervention. Iwi D., Watson J., Barber P., Kimber N., Sharman G., Occupational Medicine, Sep. 1998, Vol.48, No.6, p.361-368. 19 ref. (In English)

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Measures of psychological morbidity were collected by questionnaires among a group of local authority workers facing organizational change. In comparison with United Kingdom norms and the norms for a similar occupational group, these workers were under more work-related pressure and their self-reported health was markedly poorer. They were not however at a disadvantage in terms of coping strategies. Those accepting the offer of counselling were subject to greater levels of work stress, had poorer self-reported health and markedly lower levels of job satisfaction than those who did not. Questionnaire scores were not significantly different before and after counselling, giving no evidence of treatment effects on symptomatology. However, almost all subjects rated counselling as having been extremely helpful. Adverse effects on staff facing organizational change may be ameliorated by improved management practice. Topics: government services; job dissatisfaction; neuropsychic stress; programme evaluation; psychological and psychiatric services; questionnaire survey; state of health; stress factors; subjective assessment; work organization. (72514)

CIS 99-697 Workplace stress - A descriptive epidemiologic study in the tertiary sector. (French: Stress en milieu du travail - Enquête épidémiologique descriptive en secteur tertiaire) Demogeot F., Boitel L., Rebstock E., Pouget R., Cahiers de médecine interprofessionnelle, 1st Quarter 1998, Vol.38, No.1, p.5-13. Illus. 16 ref. (In French)

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Topics: conditions of work; human relations; job dissatisfaction; mental stress; monotonous work; neuropsychic stress; physical workload; questionnaire survey; services; speed of work; stress factors; stress studies; work design. (72541)

CIS 99-698 Not working to rule: Understanding procedural violations at work. Lawton R., Safety Science, Mar. 1998, Vol.28, No.2, p.77-95. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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Literature review and study of U.K. railway shunters' motives for rule violations, defined as behaviours that involve deliberate deviations from written rules. Violations were generally perceived to be the result of a genuine desire to get the job done. Violations were classified as situational, exceptional or routine. Erroneous, or unintentional, violations were included as a separate category. A model for the investigation of violating behaviour in an organizational setting is described. This model depicts the factors that promote violations at work and, as such, may help managers and safety and health practitioners to develop appropriate preventive measures. Topics: disobeying safety instructions; human behaviour; human failure; psychology of accidents; questionnaire survey; rail transport; risk awareness; safety rules; United Kingdom; unsafe practices. (72701)

CIS 99-699 Modelling and simulation of human behaviour for safety analysis and control of complex systems. Cacciabue P.C., Safety Science, Mar. 1998, Vol.28, No.2, p.97-110. Illus. 51 ref. (In English)

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This paper discusses the needs and current trends of research in human-machine studies, focusing on the role of simulation models in safety analysis and in design of decision support tools. The perspectives and limits of application of complex approaches, such as cognitive models and dynamic simulations of human-machine interaction, are reviewed, looking at existing methods and implementation architectures. Topics: cognitive performance; human behaviour; human failure; literature survey; man-machine interfaces; reliability; safety analysis; safety training in industry; theoretical analysis. (72702)

CIS 99-700 HIV/AIDS and employment. N'Daba L., Hodges-Aeberhard J., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1998. ix, 71p. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 15.00., ISBN 92-2-110334-X (In English)

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Legislation and enterprise practices concerning the employment of people with HIV/AIDS. Topics: conditions of work; handicapped workers; ILO; immunodeficiency syndrome; international agreements; legislation; medical confidentiality; pre-employment medical examinations; role of employers organizations; role of workers organizations. (72771)

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