CIS 97-1061 Decree-Law No.26/94 of 1 Feb. 1994 on the organization and operation of occupational safety and health activities [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Decreto-Lei 26/94 de 1 de Fevereiro: Regime de organização e funcionamento das actividades de segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho) In: Serviços de prevenção das empresas: Livro verde, Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996, p.143-165. Also in: Diário da República, 1 Feb. 1994, No.26, p.480-486. (In Portuguese)

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This Decree-Law (text includes modifications introduced by Law 7/95 of 29 March 1995) introduces into Portuguese legislation a new system of OSH organization. Contents: definitions; responsibilities in OSH; organization of OSH services (internal, inter-enterprise and external); role of the National Health Service (Serviço Nacional de Saúde); operation of OSH services (authorization, aims, principal activities, minimum levels of service, access to technical information, health examinations, medical records, aptitude records, obligation for workers to cooperate in OSH matters, cost of OSH services to be borne by the employer, direction and staffing of OSH services, technical services, role of the occupational physician and nurse, reports); notification of compliance with the provisions of this decree; extension of the decree to the Azores and Madeira; authorization of existing activities; penalties. Decree-Law 47 511 and Decree 47 512 of 25 Jan. 1967 are revoked. (69378)

CIS 97-1062 Act No.96-766 of 3 Oct. 1996 containing the Environmental Code [Côte d'Ivoire]. (French: Loi n°96-766 du 3 oct. 1996 portant Code de l'Environnement [Côte d'Ivoire]) Journal officiel de la République de Côte d'Ivoire, 6 Feb. 1997, Year 39, No.6, p.114-123. (In French)

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This Law defines the environment as the totality of all physical, chemical, biological, socio-economic, ethical and intellectual factors that may have a direct or indirect effect on the development of the environment, of living organisms and of human activities. Contents: definitions; aims and scope of the Law (principally, it applies to industrial plants, mines and storage facilities, and to all sources of potentially harmful emissions or waste); protection of the environment (natural or human); responsibilities of the state and local government for environmental protection; preventive measures (including prohibition of the discharge of harmful waste and other pollution into water or the atmosphere). (69460)

CIS 97-1063 Working Environment Act and Working Environment Ordinance, with commentary [Sweden]. (Swedish: Arbetsmiljölagen, med kommentarer) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 19th ed., 1997. 142p., ISBN 91-7522-552-2 (In Swedish)

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This publication contains the Act (SFS 1977:1160, modifications until SFS 1995:1239) and the Ordinance (SFS 1977:1166, modifications until SFS 1995:1346) concerning the working environment, with extensive commentary. The Act came into force in July 1978 (previous abstract, see CIS 94-1802). It applies to all kinds of work in Sweden, except for work on board ships and work in the employer's home. For the latest English translation of the Act, see CIS 92-1403. Contents of the Act: duties of employers and employees regarding the working environment; young workers; co-operation between employers and workers; enforcement; penalties. Special note is made of ordinances which have been amended since the last edition. Contents of the Ordinance: notifications; archives; workplaces common to several enterprises; information of workers; safety activities; enforcement; empowerments; penalties. Relevant sections of the Planning and Building Act (SFS 1987:10, modifications until SFS 1995:1197) and the Criminal Code (SFS 1991:679) are also included. (69541)

CIS 97-1064 Workers' Compensation Act of 1992 [USA - Maine]. Workers' Compensation Board, AMHI Complex, Deering Building, State House, Station 27, Augusta, ME 04333-0027, USA, 1992. 1 vol. (In English)

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Version of the law as it was modified till 1992. Principal topics treated: compensation for total and partial incapacity; death benefits; employment rehabilitation; claim procedures; occupational disease law. (69631)

CIS 97-1065 Act of 25 Oct. 1996 on occupational safety and health protection at work [Slovak Republic]. (Slovak: Zákon Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky o bezpečnosti a ochrane zdravia pri práci) Zbierka zákonov slovenskej republiky, 23 Nov. 1996, No.117, p.2142-2146. (In Slovak)

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This Act (effective 1 Jan. 1997) aims at the elimination of occupational accidents and diseases as well as of all other damage occurring at the workplace. It defines the role in the safety and health field of various organisms such as the labour inspectorate and workers' organizations. The obligations of employers (in maintaining occupational health services, and in providing education and training to workers) and of workers are outlined. An English translation is microfiched by CIS. (69632)

CIS 97-1066 Royal Decree 485/1997 (14 April) concerning the minimal provisions required for safety and health signs at work [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 485/1997, de 14 de abril, sobre disposiciones mínimas en materia de señalización de seguridad y salud en el trabajo [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 23 Apr. 1997, No.97, p.12911-12918. Illus. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 92/58/EEC (CIS 93-1752). Contents: definitions; general obligations of the employer; criteria for the use of signs; obligations concerning training and information; consultation and participation of workers; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning safety and health signs. Royal Decree 1403/1986 (CIS 91-3) on the same subject is repealed. In annex: minimum general requirements for safety and health signs; standardized safety colours; visual signs (with examples); light and acoustic signals; verbal signals; warning gestures; minimal requirements for signs relating to specific hazards. (69452)

CIS 97-1067 Royal Decree 486/1997 (14 April) by which minimum safety and health requirements are established for the workplace [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 486/1997, de 14 de abril, por el que se establecen las disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud en los lugares de trabajo [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 23 Apr. 1997, No.97, p.12918-12926. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 89/654/EEC (CIS 90-356), entry into force: 3 months from the date of publication. Contents: general provisions (aims, definitions); obligations of the employer (general; workplace design and layout; order, cleanliness and maintenance; signs; service and protection installations; conditions of the working environment; lighting; hygiene and restroom facilities; first aid; information and consultation of workers; workers' participation); obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the evaluation and prevention of risks connected with the use of workplaces. Chapters I-V and VII of the 1971 General Ordinance on Safety and Health at Work are repealed. In annex: detailed OSH requirements: I - General (structural safety; work spaces and danger zones; floors, openings and handrails; partitions and windows; circulation ways; gates and doors; ramps and staircases; ladders; emergency exits; fire protection; electrical safety; provisions for handicapped workers); II - Order, cleanliness and maintenance; III - Environment (microclimate, ventilation); IV - Lighting; V - Hygiene and restroom facilities; VI - First aid. (69453)

CIS 97-1068 Royal Decree 1215/1997 (18 July) concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 1215/1997, de 18 de julio, por el que se establecen las disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud para la utilización por los trabajadores de los equipos de trabajo [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 7 Aug. 1997, No.188, p.24063-24070. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 89/655/EEC (CIS 90-357), as modified by 95/63/EEC (CIS 96-395). Entry into force: 27 Aug. 1997. Contents: aims and definitions; obligations of the employer (general and in the area of training and information of workers); approval of work equipment; consultation and participation of workers; adaptation of existing equipment; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the evaluation and prevention of risks connected to the use of work equipment. In annex: minimum requirements of work equipment (general and specific to certain kinds); measures applicable to the use of work equipment (general; with moving parts; those used for the lifting of loads). (69456)

CIS 97-1069 Royal Order of 31 Dec. 1992 implementing the Directive of the Council of the European Communities dated 21 Dec. 1989 concerning the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment [Belgium]. (Dutch: 31 dec. 1982 - Koninklijk besluit tot uitvoering van de Richtlijn van de Raad van de Europese Gemeenschappen van 21 dec. 1989 inzake de onderlinge aanpassing van de wetgevingen der Lid-Staten betreffende persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen; French: Arrêté royal du 31 déc. 1992 portant exécution de la Directive du Conseil des Communautés européennes du 21 déc. 1989 concernant le rapprochement des législations des Etats membres relatives aux équipements de protection individuelle [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 4 Feb. 1993, 163th Year, No.23, p.2202-2224. Illus. (In Dutch, French)

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This Royal Order (effective 1 July 1992) implements with respect to Belgium the provisions of Directive 89/686/EEC (see CIS 90-381). Contents: scope; conditions for the placing on the market of personal protective equipment (PPE); approval procedures; EC type examinations; quality control of the manufacturing process; the EC mark; authorization of organizations charged with carrying out EC type examinations; recognition of EC type examinations carried out in other EC Member States; monitoring and sale restrictions. In annex: basic safety and health requirements of PPE; model conformity declaration; technical documentation required of manufacturers. (69593)

CIS 97-1070 Royal Decree 1216/1997 (18 July) concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for work on board fishing vessels [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 1216/1997, de 18 de julio, por el que se establecen las disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud en el trabajo a bordo de los buques de pesca [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 7 Aug. 1997, No.188, p.24070-24078. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 93/103/EEC (CIS 94-759). Entry into force: 2 months from the date of publication. Contents: aims and definitions; general obligations of owners and workers; minimum safety and health requirements on board ships; equipment and maintenance; obligations concerning the training and information of workers; obligations concerning the training of persons who might be in command of a vessel; consultation and participation of workers; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the evaluation and prevention of risks connected with the use of fishing vessels. In annex: minimum safety and health requirements of new fishing vessels (navigability and stability; mechanical and electrical equipment; radio communications; emergency exits; fire detection and protection; ventilation of enclosed workspaces; temperature of workplaces; natural and artificial lighting of workplaces; floors, cabin walls and coverings; doors; passageways and danger zones; layout of workplaces; living spaces; sanitary and welfare facilities; first aid facilities; noise protection); minimum safety and health requirements of existing fishing vessels; minimum requirements relating to lifesaving and survival at sea; personal protective equipment. (69457)

CIS 97-1071 Health and Safety at Work - Construction Industry. Approval of the Regulations contained in Chapters 9:1, 17:3 and 20:4 of Decree 911/96 [Argentina]. (Spanish: Higiene y Seguridad en el Trabajo - Industria de la Construcción. Apruébase la Reglamentación de los capítulos 9:1, 17:3 y 20:4 del Decreto Reglamentario Nº911/96 [Argentina]) Superintendencia de Riesgos del Trabajo, Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina, 27 Nov. 1996, Year 104, No.28,531, p.5. (In Spanish)

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This Resolution approves certain sections (chapters) of Decree 911/96 (CIS 96-1927) dealing with OSH in the construction safety. These sections deal with: provision of welfare facilities; general safety and health measures; fire protection equipment; provision of safety and health training; minimum number of OSH personnel. (69458)

CIS 97-1072 Isolated work and dangerous work needing the presence of supervision [France]. (French: Travail isolé et travaux dangereux nécessitant la présence d'un surveillant [France]) Piétruszynski M., Chapouthier A., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2052-167-97, p.285-310. (In French)

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Collection of all official rules and regulations in effect in France concerning work in isolation and work that is particularly dangerous for the worker or others. All regulations based on the Labour Code and the Social Security Code and recommendations of the National Technical Committees are included. The attention paid to the need for proper qualifications of supervising personnel is to be noted. This Note replaces Note ND 1844-144-91 (CIS 92-11). (69607)

CIS 97-1073 Royal Decree 488/1997 (14 April) concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for work with equipment including visual display terminals [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 488/1997, de 14 de abril, sobre disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud relativas al trabajo con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 23 Apr. 1997, No.97, p.12928-12930. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 90/270/EEC (CIS 90-1069). Contents: aims and definitions; obligations of the employer; health surveillance; consultation and participation of workers; adaptation of existing equipment; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the evaluation and prevention of hazards connected with the use of VDTs. In annex: minimum requirements for equipment (screen, keyboard, table and work surface, work seat); environmental requirements (space, lighting, reflection, noise, heat). (69455)

CIS 97-1074 Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde: Final Rule [USA]. Department of Labour - Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 27 May 1992, Vol.57, No.102, p.22290-22328. (In English)

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This Final Rule became effective on 26 June 1992, amending the existing rule on the same subject (29 CFR 1910.1048). It lowers the 8h TWA exposure level to formaldehyde from 1ppm to 0.75ppm, and it introduces certain additional hygiene requirements for specific hazards. To existing requirements concerning medical supervision, it adds medical removal protection provisions for workers particularly affected by exposure to formaldehyde. Measures are included for labelling, hazard warnings and training of workers exposed to formaldehyde exposures above 0.1ppm. Extensive discussion on the background to the Final Rule. (69635)

CIS 97-1075 European Parliament and Council Directive 94/63/EC of 20 Dec. 1994 on the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions resulting from the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stations [European Communities]. (French: Directive 94/63/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 20 décembre 1994 relative à la lutte contre les émissions de composés organiques volatils (COV) résultant du stockage de l'essence et de sa distribution des terminaux aux stations-service [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 31 Dec.1994, No.L 365, p.24-33. (In English, French)

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This Directive applies to the operations, installations, vehicles and vessels used for the storage, loading and transport of petrol (gasoline) from one terminal to another or from a terminal to a service station. Contents: definitions; storage installations at terminals; loading and unloading of mobile containers at terminals; mobile containers; loading into storage installations at service stations. Member States are asked to implement this Directive into their national legislation by 31 Dec. 1995. In annex: requirements for storage, loading and unloading installations at terminals, service stations and terminals for intermediate storage; specifications for bottom-loading, vapour collection and overall protection of European road tankers. (69638)

CIS 97-1076 Chemical products: The Act and Regulations [Sweden]. (Swedish: Kemiska produkter: Lag och förordningar) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 10th ed., 1997. 175p. Illus., ISBN 91-7522-548-4 (In Swedish)

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http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/lag/19850835.htm

This compendium of Swedish legislation (for last edition abstracted, see CIS 94-429) concerning chemical products contains the full texts of: Chemical Products Act (SFS 1985:426 with modifications until SFS 1996:1097); Act on the taxation of batteries harmful to the environment (SFS 1990:1332); Regulation on chemical products (SFS 1985:835 with modifications until SFS 1996:1167); Regulations on pesticides, PCBs, motor fuel, cadmium, certain substances harmful to health or the environment, harmful waste, transport of harmful waste across borders, batteries harmful to the environment, substances destroying the ozone layer, sale and storage of certain volatile solvents, mercury and mercury containing products, oil, incompletely halogenated fluorocarbons (HFCs); Prescriptions of the Chemicals Inspectorate for the classification and labelling of chemical products, and for the provision of material safety data sheets. (69543)

CIS 97-1077 Notification of chemical substances - Information to be forwarded to INRS: Regulatory texts [France]. (French: Déclaration des produits chimiques. Informations à transmettre à l'INRS. Textes réglementaires [France]) Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2053-167-97, p.311-317. (In French)

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The Order of 18 Dec. 1996 concerning the notification of chemical substances and preparations designates, as of 1 Jan. 1997, the Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS) as the only organization responsible for managing these notifications in France, removing the responsibilities previously awarded to ORFILA. This article contains the legislative texts applying to: principles of notification; information to be provided by manufacturers, importers and sellers; types of products covered and excluded. (69608)

CIS 97-1078 Presidential decree (15 Nov. 1996) regulating the transportation by sea of dangerous substances as well as their loading, unloading, transportation and storage in harbours [Greece]. (Greek: Kanonismos fortōsēs, ekfortōsēs, diakinēsēs kai paramonēs epikindunōn eidōn se limenes kai metafora autōn dia thalassēs) Efēmeris tēs Kubernēseos tēs Ellēnikēs Dēmokratias, 16 Dec. 1996, No.272, p.4981-5079. Illus. (In Greek)

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This Decree (entry into force: 15 May 1997) modifies Decrees 330/62, 151/66 and 256/88. It provides for the classification of dangerous substances, and prescribes safety measures to be taken on board ships and in harbour facilities during the handling of dangerous substances. In annex: list of more than 9000 substances, with appropriate hazard and labelling classification codes. (69459)

CIS 97-1079 Council Directive 96/82/EC of 9 Dec. 1996 on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances [European Communities]. (French: Directive 96/82/CE du Conseil du 9 déc. 1996 concernant la maîtrise des dangers liés aux accidents majeurs impliquant des substances dangereuses [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 14 Jan. 1997, Vol.40, No.L 10, p.13-33. (In English, French)

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This Directive (eff. 3.2.1997) is intended to replace Dir. 82/501/EEC (CIS 83-889), to be repealed on 3.2.1999. Its aim is to prevent or limit the effects of major accidents, ensuring high levels of protection throughout the Community in a consistent and effective manner. It applies to all establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities exceeding certain levels indicated in the Annex. The following fall outside its scope: military establishments, hazards created by ionizing radiation, most transport and pipeline activities, mines and quarries, waste land-fill sites. Operators, national authorities and the Commission shall have obligations connected with major hazard prevention, including: notification of establishments where dangerous substances are present; prevention policies; prevention of domino-effect accidents; safety reports; emergency plans; information on accidents; planning of land-use sites; information on safety measures; reporting to the Commission on major accidents; prohibiting certain activities; inspections; exchange of information between Member States and the Commission; establishment of a Committee to assist the Commission with major hazard activities. In annex: qualifying quantities for substances; list of categories of substances and preparations not named individually; minimum requirements for written reports etc. (69547)

CIS 97-1080 Order No.599/125 on the appraisal of declarations of safety of industrial installations [Russian Federation]. (Russian: Prikaz No.599/125 ob ėkspertize deklaracij bezopasnosti promyšlennyh ob"ektov Rossijskoj Federacii) Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1997, No.6, p.49-56. (In Russian)

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This Order of 7 August 1996 from the Ministry of Civil Defense and Emergency Response of the Russian Federation establishes the procedures (given in Annex 1) to be followed in processing the declarations of safety that must be submitted by potentially hazardous industrial installations, as required by Directive No.675 of 1 July 1995 (CIS 96-1940). Annex 2 lists organizations that are empowered to examine these declarations. (69569)

CIS 97-1081 Health and Safety - The Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Regulations 1996 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1996. 64p. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-11-062926-4 (In English)

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These Regulations came into force on 1 Sep. 1996. They implement Council Directives 94/55/EC (CIS 95-22) and 94/63/EC. The two sets of 1992 Regulations concerning the carriage of dangerous substances by road are revoked. Main topics covered: definitions; approved documents; mode of carriage; information to be provided by consignors and operators, documentation to be available during carriage and information to be displayed on containers, tanks and vehicles; loading and unloading; emergencies and parking. In annex: determination of transport categories; load limits; when the regulations are to be disapplied; special requirements relating to tank containers and the tanks of road tankers constructed before 1.1.1999; despatch of and restrictions on forwarding certain dangerous goods; carriage in bulk (in containers or vehicles) of certain dangerous goods; types of vehicle to be used for the carriage of certain dangerous goods; emergency information relating to the carriage of ceratin dangerous goods; information to be displayed on containers, tanks and vehicles carrying dangerous goods; requirements relating to the loading, stowage, unloading and cleaning of containers, tanks and vehicles carrying certain dangerous goods; unloading of petrol. (69634)

CIS 97-1082 Health and Safety - The Marking of Plastic Explosives for Detection Regulations 1996 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1996. 5p. Price: GBP 1.55., ISBN 0-11-054431-5 (In English)

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These Regulations (entry into force: 31 July 1997 or on the day on which the Convention comes into force, whichever comes first) implement in part the Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection, done at Montreal (Canada) on 1 Mar. 1991. They aim at ensuring that plastic explosives are marked in such a way that they are detectable. Contents: definitions; prohibition of the manufacturing, possession and importation of unmarked explosives. (69640)

CIS 97-1083 Legislation on flammable and explosive articles [Sweden]. (Swedish: Lagstiftning om brandfarliga och explosiva varor) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 6th ed., 1996. 119p., ISBN 91-7522-544-1 (In Swedish)

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This 6th edition (for the 4th ed., see CIS 94-1467) of Swedish legislation concerning flammable and explosive articles contains the full texts of: Act on Flammable and Explosive Articles (SFS 1988:868 with modifications until SFS 1995:446); Regulations on flammable and explosive articles (SFS 1988:1145 with modifications until SFS 1996:831); extracts from the regulations of the Explosives Inspectorate concerning the handling and importation of explosive articles, register of approved explosive articles, register of reactive articles; extracts from the regulations of the Explosives Inspectorate concerning the labelling etc. of flammable articles; extracts from the classification of flammable liquids; register of flammable gases and liquids; permits of the Explosives Inspectorate for the handling of flammable articles. (69544)

CIS 97-1084 Health and Safety - The Confined Spaces Regulations 1997 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1997. 5p. Price: GBP 1.55., ISBN 0-11-064643-6 (In English)

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These Regulations (coming into force: 28 Jan. 1998) give effects as respects Great Britain to certain points of Council Directive 92/57/EEC (CIS 93-1062). The principal effects of the Regulations are as follows: they prohibit entry into a confined space when the work there may be reasonably carried out by other means; they impose requirements regarding safe systems of work and the preparation and implementation of emergency rescue operations; and they provide for exemption certificates to be issued by the Health and Safety Executive. Certain ancient enacments, including Section 30 of the Factories Act 1961, are repealed. (69637)

CIS 97-1085 Health and Safety - The Simple Pressure Vessels (Safety) (Amendment) Regulations [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1994. 8p. Illus. Price: GBP 2.40., ISBN 0-11-043756-X (In English)

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These Regulations (effective 1 Jan. 1995) implement provisions of Council Directive 93/68/EEC ("The Marking Directive"), itself amending Council Directive 87/404/EEC (CIS 87-1166), as amended by 90/488/EEC. They amend the 1991 Regulations (S.I. 1991 No.2749, CIS 97-1086). The Regulations concern the obligatory marking of simple pressure vessels as it applies to manufacturers, suppliers and importers. They also specify EC verification procedures and define the appropriate use of CE marking. (69633)

CIS 97-1086 Health and Safety - The Simple Pressure Vessels (Safety) Regulations 1991 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1991. 24p. Illus. (In English)

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These Regulations (coming into force: 31 Dec. 1991) introduce into British legislation the provisions of Directive 87/404/EEC (CIS 87-1166), as modified by Directive 90/488/EEC. Contents: definitions; application (scope excludes vessels designed specifically for nuclear use, vessels intended for ships and aircraft and fire-extinguishers); safety requirements; obligations of manufacturers, suppliers and importers; approved bodies (for providing safety clearance); EC certificates of adequacy type-examination certificates, verification certificates and certificates of conformity; the CE mark; retention of documentation. In annex: essential safety requirements (materials, vessel design, manufacturing processes, definitions and symbols); the CE mark and inscriptions; design and manufacturing schedules; families of vessels; enforcement. (69636)

CIS 97-1087 Council Decision of 22 July 1993 concerning the modules for the various phases of the conformity assessment procedures and the rules for the affixing and use of the CE conformity marking, which are intended to be used in the technical harmonization directives [European Communities]. (French: Décision du Conseil du 22.7.93 concernant les modules ... différentes phases des procédures d'évaluation de la conformité et les règles ... du marquage "CE" de conformité, destinés à être utilisés dans les directives d'harmonisation technique [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 30 Aug. 1993, No.L 220, p.23-39. (In English, French)

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This Decision repeals Council Decision 90/683/EEC of 13 Dec. 1990 on the same topic. It is foreseen that conformity assessment procedures for industrial products shall follow the guidelines laid out in the annex. The rules for the proper use of CE marking are established. The Commission is to issue regular reports on the assessment and CE marking procedures. The Commission is also directed to make a report by 1997 at the latest concerning the difficulties in integrating into the CE marking scheme the provisions of Council Directive 73/23/EEC (CIS 75-1239) concerning electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits. (69639)

CIS 97-1088 Japanese legislation for cranes and mobile cranes. Japan Crane Association, Gotanda Fuji building, 1-12 Higashi Gotanda, 1-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan, 1996. 158p. Illus. (In English)

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Translation of the Safety Ordinance on Cranes, etc. (Ministry of Labour Ordinance No.34, 1972 with subsequent amendments), the Construction Codes for Cranes (Ministry of Labour Notification No.134 of 1996) and the Construction Codes for Mobile Cranes (Ministry of Labour Notification No.135 of 1996). The Ordinance applies to both manufacturers and users, and covers fixed and mobile cranes, derricks, elevators, lifts for construction work, light capacity lifts, sling operations, licensing and training. (Definitions of the types of equipment are found in the Industrial Safety and Health Law (Cabinet Order No.318 of 1972)). Certain types of equipment are excluded on the basis of capacity or coverage by other regulations. The Construction Codes cover structural parts, mechanical parts, attached devices (such as the operator's cab), manufacturing practices, wire ropes and nameplate information. Specific provision is made for special types of equipment. (69567)

CIS 97-1089 Working Hours Act, with commentaries [Sweden]. (Swedish: Arbetstidslagen med kommentarer) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 10364 Stockholm, Sweden, 9th ed., 1997. 60p., ISBN 91-7522-547-6 (In Swedish)

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This act (SFS 1982:673, modifications until SFS 1996:360) contains: regular working hours and duty hours; overtime; additional hours in part-time employment; record-keeping; scheduling of working hours; exemptions by the National Board of Occupational Safety and Health; enforcement; penal sanctions; additional expenses connected with overtime work; appeals; regulation of working hours; regulations concerning the Working Hours Committee; EC directives on scheduling of working hours (93/104/EC). A change in this edition is that it is not possible any more to override the provisions of the EC directive on the scheduling of working hours in collective agreements. (69542)

CIS 97-1090 Royal Decree 487/1997 (14 April) on the minimum safety and health requirements for the manual handling of loads where there is a risk particularly of back injury to workers [Spain]. (Spanish: Real Decreto 487/1997, de 14 de abril, sobre disposiciones mínimas de seguridad y salud relativas a la manipulación manual de cargas que entraña riesgos, en particular dorsolumbares, para los trabajadores [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 23 Apr. 1997, No.97, p.12926-12928. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements in Spain the provisions of Directive 90/269/EEC (CIS 90-1101). Contents: aims and definitions; obligations of the employer (general and in the area of training and information of workers); consultation and participation of workers; health surveillance; repeal of the Decree of 15 Nov. 1935 and the Order of the Ministry of Labour dated 2 June 1961, both prohibiting the lifting or carrying of weights exceeding 80kg; obligation of the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo to issue a Technical Guide concerning the manual handling of loads. In annex: risk factors in the context of the Decree (load characteristics, necessary physical effort, characteristics of the working environment, requirements of activities, personal risk factors). (69454)

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CIS 97-1091 High-risk substances basic data. National Occupational Safety Association (NOSA), P.O. Box 26434, Arcadia 0007, South Africa, 1991. 124p. (In English)

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Compendium of 50 hazardous substance datasheets. For each substance or group of substances the following information is given: most common use; potential adverse effects; route of entry; warning properties; fire and explosions; fire fighting methods; control; exposure limit (ACGIH generally); emergency procedures. The following substances are covered: acrylonitrile, 4-aminobiphenyl, aminotriazole, antimony trioxide, arsenic, asbestos, benzene, benzidine, benzo(a)pyrene, beryllium, bis(chloromethyl) ether, cadmium, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, chloromethyl methyl ether, chromium, chrysene, coal tar, dibromoethane, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, dichloromethane, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, dimethyl sulfate, dimethylbenzidine, dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, dimethylnitrosoamine, ethylene oxide, 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane, formaldehyde, hexachlorobutadiene, hexamethylphosphoramide, hydrazine, iodomethane, lead, mercury, 2-methylaziridine, methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), methylhydrazine, 2-naphthylamine, nickel (II) sulfide, 4-nitrobiphenyl, 2-nitropropane, n-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, phenylhydrazine, propane sultone, propiolactone, silica, o-toluidine, vinyl bromide, vinyl chloride. (69390)

CIS 97-1092 Butyl mercaptan. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. Synonym: butanethiol. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause dizziness, nausea, confusion and fainting. It is a flammable liquid. (69501)

CIS 97-1093 Calcium carbide. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract causing permanent eye damage. May cause lung oedema. It is a highly flammable and reactive chemical. (69502)

CIS 97-1094 Calcium oxide. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema and perforate the nasal septum. May cause brittle nails and thickening and cracking of the skin. (69503)

CIS 97-1095 Cumene hydroperoxide. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May cause mutations and should be handled with extreme caution. May burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema and skin allergy. May cause dizziness, poor coordination and fainting. It is a highly reactive chemical. (69504)

CIS 97-1096 Calcium hypochlorite. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema. It is a reactive chemical. (69505)

CIS 97-1097 Cyclohexanol. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1997. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate and burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause dizziness, nausea and fainting. May affect the liver and kidneys. (69506)

CIS 97-1098 Diacetone alcohol. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause dizziness, lightheadedness and fainting. May damage the liver and kidneys. (69507)

CIS 97-1099 Dichlorvos. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. It is a carcinogen and should be handled with extreme caution. May cause organophosphate poisoning. May damage the nerves causing "pins and needles", poor coordination in the arms and legs and personality changes. (69508)

CIS 97-1100 Diethanolamine. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate and burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause skin allergy. (69509)

CIS 97-1101 Diethyl aniline. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate the eyes and skin. May cause methaemoglobinaemia and anaemia. May damage the liver. (69510)

CIS 97-1102 Dimethylformamide. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

Internet:

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. It is a carcinogen and should be handled with extreme caution. May damage the developing foetus. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause stomach pain, loss of appetite and nausea. May damage the liver and kidneys. (69511)

CIS 97-1103 2,6-Dimethylheptanone. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. Synonyms: diisobutyl ketone; 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause dizziness, lightheadedness and fainting. May damage the liver and kidneys. (69512)

CIS 97-1104 Dimethyl phthalate. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate the eyes and respiratory tract. (69513)

CIS 97-1105 Dimethyl sulfate. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. It is a carcinogen and should be handled with extreme caution. Corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema. May cause dizziness and nausea. May damage the liver and kidneys. (69514)

CIS 97-1106 Dinitrophenol. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause skin allergy and clouding of the eye lenses. May affect the nervous system causing nausea, anxiety and convulsions. May damage the liver and kidneys. (69515)

CIS 97-1107 Dipentene. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. Synonym: limonene. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate the eyes and skin. May cause skin allergy. (69516)

CIS 97-1108 Diphenylamine. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in and through the skin. May irritate the eyes and skin. May damage the kidneys and cause bladder symptoms. May affect the liver. (69517)

CIS 97-1109 Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1996, rev. 2003. 6p. (In English)

Internet:
http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/rtkweb/0822.pdf

Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate and burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (69518)

CIS 97-1110 Ethane. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1997. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. May enter the body when breathed in. May cause dizziness and lightheadedness. May cause frostbite. It is highly flammable. (69519)

CIS 97-1111 Ethyl aluminium dichloride. New Jersey Department of Health, Right to Know Program, CN 368, Trenton, NJ 08625-0368, USA, 1997. 6p. (In English)

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Data sheet. Synonym: dichloroethylaluminium. May enter the body when breathed in. May irritate and burn the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. May cause lung oedema. It is highly flammable and reactive. (69520)

CIS 97-1112 2-Methylstyrene. (Spanish: 2-Metilestireno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0733. Synonym: 2-vinyltoluene. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; may affect the kidneys and the nervous system. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 50ppm, 242mg/m³ (TWA), 100ppm, 483mg/m³ (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69521)

CIS 97-1113 3-Methylstyrene. (Spanish: 3-Metilestireno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0734. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 50ppm, 242mg/m³ (TWA), 100ppm, 483mg/m³ (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69522)

CIS 97-1114 4-Methylstyrene. (Spanish: 4-Metilestireno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0735. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 50ppm, 242mg/m³ (TWA), 100ppm, 483mg/m³ (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69523)

CIS 97-1115 2-Methylheptane. (Spanish: 2-Metilheptano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0731. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; skin irritation. (69524)

CIS 97-1116 Dipropylene glycol methyl ether. (Spanish: (Metil-2-metoxietoxi) propanol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0884. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; dry skin. Occupational exposure limit: TLV 100ppm, 606mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (69525)

CIS 97-1117 Methylnaphthalene. (Spanish: Metilnaftaleno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0510. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. (69526)

CIS 97-1118 Hexylene glycol. (Spanish: 2-Metilpentano-2,4-diol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0660. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and skin. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the kidneys. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 25ppm, 121mg/m³ (ceiling) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69527)

CIS 97-1119 Methyl isobutyl ketone. (Spanish: 4-Metilpentan-2-ona) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0511. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the liver and kidney. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 50ppm, 205mg/m³ (TWA) (ACGIH 1989-1990). (69528)

CIS 97-1120 2-Methylpyrrolidinone. (Spanish: 1-Metil-2-pirrolidona) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0513. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the respiratory tract; corrosive to the eyes. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the lungs, bone marrow and lymphatic system. Occupational exposure limits: PDK: 100mg/m³ (USSR 1984). (69529)

CIS 97-1121 Thia-4-pentanal. (Spanish: 3-(Metiltio) propionaldehído) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0515. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the lungs. (69530)

CIS 97-1122 DL-Methionine. (Spanish: DL-Metionina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0919. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption. (69531)

CIS 97-1123 3-Methoxy-1-butanol. (Spanish: 3-Metoxibutan-1-ol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0605. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema (may be delayed). Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; liquid defats the skin. (69532)

CIS 97-1124 Metribuzin. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In English)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0516. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 5mg/m³ (TWA) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69533)

CIS 97-1125 Mercury(II) oxide. (Spanish: Monóxido de mercurio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0981. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin, respiratory tract and on ingestion; pulmonary oedema (may be delayed); renal dysfunction. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.1mg/m³ (as Hg) (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69534)

CIS 97-1126 Nickel(II) oxide. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In English)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0926. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes and the respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; asthma; carcinogenic effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.05mg/m³ (as Ni) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (69535)

CIS 97-1127 1,5-Naphthalenediamine. (Spanish: 1,5-Naftilenodiamina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0668. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization. (69536)

CIS 97-1128 Triisopropanolamine. Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In English)

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Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0592. International chemical safety card. Short term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema (may be delayed). Occupational exposure limit: PDK: 2mg/m³ (USSR 1988). (69537)

CIS 97-1129 Potassium nitrite. (Spanish: Nitrito de potasio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 1096. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; haematotoxic effects (methaemoglobinaemia); vascular disturbances (hypotension). (69538)

CIS 97-1130 Sodium nitrite. (Spanish: Nitrito de sodio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 1120. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; haematotoxic effects (methaemoglobinaemia); neurotoxic effects; hypotension; visual function disorders. (69539)

CIS 97-1131 Nitrofen. (Spanish: Nitrofene) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

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Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0929. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; haematotoxic effects; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); possible carcinogenic effects; may affect the reproductive system. (69540)

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CIS 97-1132 Trade unions and environmentally sustainable development. Discussion booklets. Bureau for Workers' Activities, International Labour Office, 4 route des Morillons, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1996. 203p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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These seven discussion booklets examine the links between the workplace, environmental protection and economic and social development. They cover: environmental indicators of development; political indicators of development; economic development and security; social development; equality of opportunity and treatment; education and training; and international development. The booklets highlight the role of workers and trade unions in promoting efforts to achieve a more environmentally sustainable pattern of development. A guide to the booklets explains how they may be used in workers' education programmes. (69350)

CIS 97-1133 OSHA Publications and Audiovisual Programs. U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), OSHA Publications Office, P.O. Box 37535, Washington DC, USA, 1996. 22p. Index. (In English)

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This catalogue contains details of safety and health publications and audiovisual programmes (including videocassettes) issued by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Government Printing Office (GPO), the National Archives Fulfillment Center (NAFC) and the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). (69380)

CIS 97-1134 Workplace design: A training guide. (Portuguese: Concepção de locais de trabalho - Guia de apoio) Fonseca A., et al., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996. 63p. Illus. 3 ref., ISBN 972-8321-07-4 (In Portuguese)

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This training guide provides recommendations as to the best ways to introduce OSH measures at the workplace design stage. Part I is concerned with the methodology of the integration of risk prevention into workplace design: general principles of prevention; methodologies for the identification, evaluation and control of risks; key elements of the production process related to risk prevention (prime materials, products, machinery, equipment, layout). Part II contains technical guidelines for the prevention of main occupational hazards in the following areas: localization and setting up of buildings and other locales; building and locale design (locales for technical equipment; locales for the personnel; administrative areas; fire and explosion prevention; ergonomics); the physical environment (lighting; ventilation and air quality; the thermal environment; noise and vibration); preparations for workplace modifications subsequent to the start of activities. Relevant legislation is surveyed. (69376)

CIS 97-1135 Workers' representatives: Training module (1); Trainer's guide (2). (Portuguese: Representantes dos trabalhadores: Módulo de formação (1); Guia do formador (2)) Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1997. 2 vols. (60+68p.) 29 ref., ISBN 972-8321-12-0 (1), ISBN 972-8321-13-9 (2) (In Portuguese)

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Two-volume training manual concerning the role of workers' OSH (occupational safety and health) representatives. The Training module defines the audience for such training (representatives elected directly by the workers, with 5h work-time per month allocated for the exercise of their functions). It also describes the aims of the training programme, the teaching aims of the course and its scheduled contents. The Trainer's guide provides more detailed information on the design and execution of training programmes. (69372)

CIS 97-1136 Employers' representatives: Training module (3); Trainer's guide (4). (Portuguese: Representantes dos empregadores: Módulo de formação (3); Guia do formador (4)) Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1997. 2 vols. (64+84p.) 36 ref., ISBN 972-8321-14-7 (3), ISBN 972-8321-15-5 (4) (In Portuguese)

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Two-volume training manual concerning the role of employers' OSH (occupational safety and health) representatives. The Training module defines the audience for such training (workers with adequate training who have been designated by the employer to participate in the OSH committee). It also describes the aims of the training programme, the teaching aims of the course and its scheduled contents. The Trainer's guide provides more detailed information on the design and execution of training programmes. (69373)

CIS 97-1137 First aid at work - Your questions answered. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 8p. 2 ref. (In English)

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This leaflet provides basic guidance on first-aid at work. It is aimed at employers in small and medium-sized enterprises. Topics covered: legal requirements for the provision of appropriate first-aid equipment, facilities and personnel; assessing first-aid needs; contents of a first-aid box; appointment and training of first-aiders; informing personnel of first-aid arrangements. (69301)

CIS 97-1138 Basic advice on first aid at work. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 6p. Illus. (In English)

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This leaflet provides advice on basic first aid procedures for untrained people to use in an emergency. Topics covered: what to do in an emergency; first aid treatment for unconsciousness, wounds and bleeding, minor injuries, suspected broken bones, burns, eye injuries, and electrical and gassing accidents; record keeping. (69302)

CIS 97-1139 First-aid training and qualifications for the purposes of the Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981 - Guidance for training organizations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iii, 15p. 3 ref. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-7176-1347-X (In English)

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This booklet provides guidance to first-aid training organizations on the criteria they are required to meet to obtain approval for the purposes of the Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981. Contents: legal background; the approvals process; arrangements to transfer to competency-based training; appeals procedure; approval; standards of training and assessment; training facilities; monitoring and quality assurance; investigating complaints. (69629)

CIS 97-1140 Beekeeping: Training module (5); Trainer's manual (6); Training manual (7). (Portuguese: Apicultura: Módulo de formação (5); Guia de apoio ao formador (6); Manual de formação (7)) Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996. 3 vols. (35+39+63p.) Illus. 2 ref., ISBN 972-8321-08-2 (5), ISBN 972-8321-09-0 (6), ISBN 972-8321-10-4 (7) (In Portuguese)

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Three-volume training manual devoted to safety and health in beekeeping. The Training module contains the outline of a suggested course on OSH aimed at beekeepers. The Trainer's manual provides detailed instructions to trainers as to how to teach such a course. The Training manual contains the actual course contents. The work operations involved in beekeeping are subdivided into four main activity groups: I - installation (preparation, handling and maintenance; cleaning; installation of support equipment; distribution and movement of hives); II - Inspection of hives; III - Transportation of hives; IV - Honey extraction. For each operation, the equipment needed, the hazards and their prevention are outlined. Glossary of specialized terms used. A set of slides accompanies the materials. (69371)

CIS 97-1141 Welding health and safety: Resource manual. American Industrial Hygiene Association, 345 White Pond Drive, P.O. Box 8390, Akron, OH 44320, USA, 1984. 40p. Illus. 21 ref. Price: USD 25.00 (AIHA members: USD 15.00). (In English)

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Contents of this manual: types of welding processes; hazards (welding fumes and gases, radiation, burns, electrical hazards, fire and explosion, noise); hazard evaluation (compliance with national standards for welding operations, exposure limits, identification of metals and electrodes in use); hazard control (personal protective equipment, ventilation, radiation barriers); types of metals/alloys used; types of electrodes/rods used; fume and gas generation; sampling for fumes and gases. (69320)

CIS 97-1142 Safety guide to the highway building and repair industry. (French: Guide de prévention "Industries routières") Union des Syndicats de l'Industrie routière française (USIRF), OPPBTP Comité national, Tour Ambroise, 204, Rond-Point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1994. 86p. Illus. Price: FRF 96.00., ISBN 2-7354-0229-X (In French)

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Training manual aimed at workers in highway construction and maintenance. The manual consists of three main sections: I - General OSH measures (hygiene, medical surveillance, safety training, worksite organization, operation of machines and vehicles, personnel transportation, personal protection, working posture, lifting of loads, hand and portable tools, documentation). II - Safety in road works (materials movement, temporary warning and highway signs, trenches, work near electric lines, pneumatic machines and tools, operation of roadwork machinery). III - Workshop safety (machine operation and repair, inspection pits, batteries, welding operations, painting operations, maintenance and safety checks, electrical work, dangerous substances). In annex: safety contacts at the worksite (labour inspectors, health insurance funds, occupational physicians, professional safety organizations, safety and health committees). (69596)

CIS 97-1143 Health and safety in small firms. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 7p. (In English)

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This leaflet describes how the Health and Safety Commission can help small businesses in the United Kingdom to achieve acceptable standards of health and safety at work. Proposed activities of the Commission include improving the content and availability of published information, advising firms during inspection visits, help and advice phone service, and meetings with small businesses around the country. (69627)

CIS 97-1144 Solder fume and you. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 11p. 8 ref. (In English)

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This leaflet concerns exposure to solder fume when using flux materials containing resin (colophony). Potential health hazards are described (respiratory and skin effects), along with types of exposure, legal requirements, responsibilities of employers to assess the health risk and take appropriate action, responsibilities of employees to follow safe working practices, and the need for health surveillance. (69628)

CIS 97-1145 COSHH in agriculture. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 16p. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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This leaflet briefly describes the application of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1994 (COSHH) (CIS 95-19) in agriculture. Guidance is given on the identification of hazardous substances, assessing the risks, deciding on action, and implementing the assessment. Specific agricultural hazards are identified. (69625)

CIS 97-1146 The safe use of compressed gases in welding, flame cutting and allied processes. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. v, 69p. Illus. 84 ref. Price: GBP 11.50., ISBN 0-7176-0680-5 (In English)

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Contents of this safety guide usable for training purposes: processes and equipment used in gas welding and cutting; fire, explosion and other hazards (use of fuel gases and oxygen); design, construction and provision of equipment; storage and handling of gas cylinders; personal protective equipment; safe operating procedures; fire precautions; maintenance, examination and testing of equipment. In appendix: legal requirements and enforcement arrangements. (69346)

CIS 97-1147 Prepared for emergency. Health and Safety Executive, Chemical and Hazardous Installations Division, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 8p. 5 ref. (In English)

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This leaflet provides guidance for small and medium-sized chemical firms on the prompt and effective handling of emergencies. It briefly describes the nature of chemical emergencies, preparation of emergency procedures, controlling an incident, and staff training. (69626)

CIS 97-1148 No second chances. A farm machinery safety step-by-step guide. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 19p. Illus. (In English)

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This leaflet identifies hazards associated with the use of farm machinery and provides guidance to its safe use. Safe systems of work are outlined, including, in particular, the need for training in the use of equipment, wearing suitable clothing and footwear, ensuring the equipment is in good working order and that guards are in place, and safety during maintenance procedures and while clearing machine blockages. Parts of machines presenting a special danger are identified. (69293)

CIS 97-1149 Well handled: Offshore manual handling solutions. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. viii, 67p. Illus. 13 ref. Price: GBP 15.50., ISBN 0-7176-1385-2 (In English)

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Training guide to teach workers about the best way to engage in manual handling in the offshore industry. A total of 43 case studies are presented, each illustrating a different manual handling issue. For each study, information is presented under four headings: the task; the problem; the finding of a solution; results. In annex: commentary on relevant parts of the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-36); glossary of terms used. (69560)

CIS 97-1150 Ergonomics: A success factor for all enterprises. (French: L'ergonomie - Un facteur de succès pour toutes les entreprises; German: Ergonomie - Erfolgsfaktor für jedes Unternehmen; Italian: Ergonomia - Un fattore di successo per ogni impresa) Schmitter D., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (SUVA), Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1996. 27p. Illus. 15 ref. (In French, German, Italian)

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Training guide to the implementation of ergonomic principles in the workplace. Contents: definition, usefulness and cost of ergonomics; an example of its application in a medium-size manufacturing company; the principal factors in ergonomic analysis (the worker; the work station; work organization; work content; the working environment). (69595)

CIS 97-1151 Threats and violence at work. (Swedish: Hot och våld i arbetslivet) Nenzén B., Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1997. 5 vols. (48+24+28+28+24p.). Illus., ISBN 91-7522-561-1, ISBN 91-7522-565-4, ISBN 91-7522-566-2, ISBN 91-7522-567-0, ISBN 91-7522-568-9 (In Swedish)

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This training package on threats and violence at work consists of one general introduction and five booklets on specific sectors. The problem of violence tends to increase at workplaces and affect more occupational groups. The reasons for aggression and conflict are explained. Topics covered include the causes of violence, reasons for the victim's reactions, the handling of conflicts, the social network and interviews. Exercises and checklists are provided. The material is written for employers, trade unions, occupational health services, the victims and people at risk. The books on specific sectors cover: social services, social welfare and home care services (considering situations where clients may become threatening or violent); hotels, restaurants and communications (situations where guests or passengers may become threatening or violent); guarding, police and treatment of offenders (situations where authorities can be the releasing factor); shops and banks (money and attractive goods are the factor). (69571)

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CIS 97-1152 Guide for hazard evaluation and safety plan implementation as a practical tool for professional risk management (Law 31/1995). (Spanish: Guía para la evaluación del riesgo y la implantación del plan de seguridad como herramienta práctica de la gestión profesional del riesgo (Ley 31/1.995)) Delfrade Ollaquindía J.J., Cardarelli Murua I., Prevención, July-Sep. 1996, No.137, p.8-24. Illus. 12 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article presents a model for hazard evaluation and control in accordance with the requirements established by the Spanish Law on the prevention of occupational hazards (see CIS 95-1921). Tables for hazard identification and evaluation, as well as for safety planning, are included. (69615)

CIS 97-1153 Safety diagnosis in industrial work settings: The safety diagnosis questionnaire. Hoyos C.G., Ruppert F., Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.107-117. 12 ref. (In English)

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A safety diagnosis questionnaire was developed with emphasis on human behaviour in the work environment. The safety analysis is based on an overview of the workplace and work tasks, identification of hazards, and a review of behavioural requirements and safety critical conditions. Results of a reliability study are presented in which 2,373 hazards were identified across 391 workplaces, and behavioural requirements were compared across different hazards. While further validation is required, the questionnaire shows potential for explaining and predicting safety-related issues at work with emphasis on behavioural issues. (69444)

CIS 97-1154 Skull and brain injuries. (German: Schädel-Hirnverletzungen) Jäger W., Holland U., Die BG, July 1996, No.7, p.476-481. Illus. 4 ref. (In German)

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Occupational accidents in Germany caused 98,072 skull and brain injuries in 1993. In 1994 the number was 97,015. In both years the construction industry was affected most. Falls from heights accounted for most of these injuries. Other causes included stumbling, being hit by falling objects and by moving objects and striking against objects. (69414)

CIS 97-1155 State and evolution of occupational injuries in 1996. (Slovak: Stav a vývoj pracovnej úrazovosti v roku 1996) Pipová B., Bezpečná práca, 1997, Vol.28, No.4, p.169-176. (In Slovak)

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Tables give figures for 1995 and 1996 broken down by sector and subsector of industry. Data on fatalities and serious injuries for 1996 are broken down by sector and cause. The downward trend in occupational injuries seen from 1990 to 1994 was reversed from 1995 to 1996: the number of accidents increased from 29,287 to 31,994 (from 1.43 to 1.49 per 100 workers). Fatalities increased from 140 to 153. Motor vehicle accidents in the transport sector were the leading cause of death. (69568)

CIS 97-1156 State workers' compensation legislation enacted in 1996. Berreth C.A., Monthly Labor Review, Jan. 1997, Vol.120, No.1, p.43-50. (In English)

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Workers' compensation legislation amended by 37 States of the USA in 1996 is summarized. Major changes were introduced by Kentucky, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina and Tennessee. (69325)

CIS 97-1157 Injuries to workers and their dependents. Miller T.R., Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.75-86. 23 ref. (In English)

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An analysis of various sources of U.S. national data on workplace and non-workplace injuries showed that in 1989 1 in 5 injuries (almost 11 million) occurred while the victim was working. The annual accident toll included 11,600 deaths, 614,000 hospitalizations and 1.7 million non-hospitalized compensable lost workday injuries. Work-related motor vehicle crashes caused almost 30% of workplace deaths and 5% of compensable injuries. While crashes on the job accounted for only 3.3% of lost workday injuries, crashes outside of work caused 38% of time-away-from-work injuries. (69441)

CIS 97-1158 Estimating the costs of injury to U.S. employers. Miller T.R., Journal of Safety Research, Spring 1997, Vol.28, No.1, p.1-13. 29 ref. (In English)

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Costs of injury to U.S. employers are estimated from national expenditure data related to medical payments, tax payments, wage replacement (workers' compensation), motor vehicle and other third-party liability insurance, workplace disruption and lost productivity, wage premiums for risk taking, and property damage. Injuries both on and off the job cost employers about USD 200 billion annually, or USD 1,700 per employee. Injuries to workers and their families are responsible for an estimated 29% of employers' fringe-benefit costs related to illness and injury. Overall, injury accounts for about 19% of employers' health-care costs and 46% of disability costs. (69463)

CIS 97-1159 The costs and benefits of protecting and saving lives at work: Some issues. Bequele A., International Labour Review - Revue internationale du Travail - Revista internacional del trabajo, Jan.-Feb. 1984, Vol.123, No.1, p.1-16. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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The role and limitations of cost-benefit analysis in the evaluation of occupational safety and health activities are discussed. While evaluation of the costs of accident prevention is reasonably easy, estimation of the benefits that derive from accident prevention or reduction of health risks is not. It is argued that the setting of standards and other policies intended to provide a safe and healthy environment cannot be based solely on whether the benefits justify their cost. Cost accounting cannot capture the many unrecorded costs (in particular the social costs) of accidents. The focus should move away from cost-benefit analysis to the analysis of the technological and economic feasibility of safety programmes. (69475)

CIS 97-1160 LFA '96: French-speaking meeting on fuzzy logic and its applications; Seminar on subjective evaluation. (French: LFA'96. Rencontres francophones sur la logique floue et ses applications et Séminaire sur l'évaluation subjective) Brandt C., et al., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, p.379-382. Illus. 6 ref. (In French)

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The Meeting and Seminar, held in Nancy (France) on 4-5 Dec. 1996, were organized as part of the activities of the ERUDIT Project (European Network in Uncertainty Techniques Developments for Use in Information Technology). This rather speculative subject has as yet few applications. In this article the main points covered in the Meeting are reviewed, followed by some ideas as to how "fuzzy logic" may be applied in accident prevention. In annex: basic concepts and terminology of fuzzy logic. (69610)

CIS 97-1161 Safety and health services within the enterprise: The Green book. (Portuguese: Serviços de prevenção das empresas: Livro verde) Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996. 171p., ISBN 972-8321-16-3 (In Portuguese)

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Report on the implementation in Portugal of European Framework Directive 89/391/EEC (CIS 89-1401) and Portuguese Decrees 441/91 (CIS 92-708) and 26/94 (CIS 97-1061) as regards the introduction of safety and health services within enterprises. Main topics covered: the Agreement on Strategic Coordination (Acordo de Concertação Estratégica); scope of the application of occupational safety and health (OSH) measures in industry; aims of the Framework Directive; principles of a national OSH policy; costs of occupational accidents and diseases; structural analysis of Portuguese enterprises; OSH services in Portuguese enterprises (organization, present state, purpose, functions, activities); how different kinds of OSH services work; training and certification of OSH professionals in Portugal; quality of OSH services; participation by workers. In annex: tables and statistics; full text of the 3 relevant legal texts. (69377)

CIS 97-1162 From research to reality: Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health - Annual Report 1995. Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, 71 Frankland Road, Hopkiton, MA 01748, USA (Internet homepage: http://www.hypercon.com/liberty/), 1996. 50p. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

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Annual report of the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, a US organization specializing in research into various aspects of ergonomics, such as biomechanics, low back pain, cumulative trauma, epidemiology, tribology, work physiology, vibration, driver behaviour, human-machine interactions and prosthetics and electrophysiology. (69432)

CIS 97-1163 Research design and statistics for the safety and health professional. Cacha C.A., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1997. 173p. Illus. Index. Price: GBP 37.50., ISBN 0-442-02041-4 (In English)

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This manual provides a basic guide to practical research designs and related statistical techniques. The focus is on information useful to safety and health professionals, including descriptive, experimental and historical research. The goals, advantages and limitations of a variety of research designs are discussed, and common problems encountered in the workplace are used to demonstrate statistical methods (chi square, correlation, time series, and others). Data collection procedures and the use of computers are also discussed. (69467)

CIS 97-1164 Mortality by occupation, industry, and cause of death: 24 reporting States (1984-1988). Burnett C., Maurer J., Dosemici M., U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Publications Dissemination, EID, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, 1997. vi, 42p. 56 ref. 1 computer diskette (MS-DOS, 3.5") is attached. (In English)

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Analysis of approx. 1.7 million deaths that occurred in 24 States of the US during the period 1984-1988. The data, including occupation- and industry-coded death certificate information, were provided by 24 State health departments for one or more years of the period in question. Age-adjusted, race- and sex-specific proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were calculated. Particular occupational and industrial groups looked for were those where the aged-20-and-over population met the following criteria: (1) the PMR for the group was ≥120; (2) the lower limit of the 95% CI of the PMR was >100; and (3) the number of deaths was ≥100. Some of the findings reinforce earlier associations: coalworkers' pneumoconiosis in white male mining machine operators (PMR=5,146) and malignant neoplasm of the lung in white male insulation workers (PMR=188). Other findings suggest new areas for research: malignant neoplasm of the oesophagus in white waitresses (PMR=203), cerebrovascular diseases in black farmers (male PMR=134, female PMR=141). The complete tables are only available on the diskette. (69591)

CIS 97-1165 Occupational accidents - Navarra 1993. (Spanish: Siniestralidad laboral - Navarra 1993) Fondo de Publicaciones del Gobierno de Navarra (Departamento de Presidencia), C/ Navas de Tolosa 21, 31002 Pamplona, Spain, 1995. 157p. Illus., ISBN 84-235-1412-9 (In Spanish)

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Statistics of reported occupational accidents in Navarra, Spain, for the year 1993, presented in the form of tables and graphs. Annexes include commuting accidents, occupational diseases, and incidence, frequency and severity rates. (69612)

CIS 97-1166 Occupational injuries - Occupational accidents and diseases - Biennium 1994-1995 - Five-year period 1991-1995. (Spanish: Lesiones profesionales - Accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades profesionales - Bienio 1994-1995 - Quinquenio 1991-1995) Fondo de Publicaciones del Gobierno de Navarra (Departamento de Presidencia), C/ Navas de Tolosa 21, 31002 Pamplona, Spain, 1996. 207p. Illus. 6 ref., ISBN 84-235-1514-1 (In Spanish)

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The results and conclusions concerning occupational accidents and diseases in Navarra, Spain, for the biennium 1994-1995 and five-year period 1991-1995 are given. Statistics are presented in the form of tables and graphs. Annexes include accident and disease notification forms. (69613)

CIS 97-1167 FUNDACENTRO Oct.1966/1996 - Working for the safety and health of workers. (Portuguese: FUNDACENTRO Outobro 1966/1996: Trabalhando pela segurança e saúde de quem trabalha) 1 Oct. 1996, FUNDACENTRO, Rua Capote Valente, 710, CEP 05.409-002, São Paulo, Brazil, 1996. 39p. (In Portuguese)

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History of the activities of FUNDACENTRO (the Brazilian national safety and health research institution) from its foundation in 1966 to 1996. (69393)

CIS 97-1168 Practical guide - List of keywords found in occupational safety and health legislation. (French: Guide pratique - Liste des mots-clés de la réglementation en matière de sécurité et d'hygiène du travail) ANPAT (Association nationale pour la prévention des accidents du travail), rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 10th ed., 1993. 293p., ISBN 2-87112-020-X (In French)

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Keyword index to Belgian occupational safety and health and environmental legislation, covering laws, regulations and standards. A chronological index of the relevant legislation is also included. (69597)

CIS 97-1169 Risk ranking. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. ix, 143p. 48 ref. Price: GBP 44.00., ISBN 0-7176-1344-5 (In English)

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This report presents the results of an investigation into the methods developed so far to compare and rank risks. The methods reviewed focus primarily on risks to health, safety and the environment. Types of ranking models used in a variety of circumstances are summarized, and a conceptual framework for the development of a ranking model is established, with illustrative examples drawn from the literature. The report concludes with a generalized discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of applying a risk ranking approach as an aid to priority setting, and puts forward recommendations for the use of this technique. (69340)

CIS 97-1170 Intradisciplinary and interdisciplinary risk research: From the illusion of safety to dealing with its absence. (German: Risikoforschung zwischen Disziplinarität und Interdisziplinarität: Von der Illusion der Sicherheit zum Umgang mit Unsicherheit) Banse G., ed., Edition Sigma, Karl-Marx-Strasse 17, 12043 Berlin, Germany, 1996. 234p. Illus. 311 ref. Price: DEM 35.60., ISBN 3-89404-426-8 (In German)

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Compilation from papers, discussions and ideas presented at a symposium in Cottbus, Germany, 1994: introduction to risk research; risk and reliability; psychological, social, economic, legal and ethical aspects of risk assessment. (69416)

CIS 97-1171 Directory of organizations concerned with health and safety information (UK and worldwide) - 1997 edition. Health and Safety Executive (HSE) - Information Services, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 129p. Indexes. Price: GBP 5.00. A continuously updated version of the directory is available on the Internet at: http://www.open.gov.uk/hse/org/cont97.htm, ISBN 0-7176-1350-X (In English)

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Directory of public and private organizations dealing with OSH information worldwide. Part 1 contains organizations in the United Kingdom, while Part 2 contains those in other countries and international bodies (the following countries are included: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea (Rep.), the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the USA). Part 3 contains the directory of CIS National and Collaborating Centres. In addition to addresses, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail and Internet addresses, the Directory includes information for each organization on principal responsible officers, status, principal functions and activities and major publications. A special acronym index is also included. (69451)

CIS 97-1172 25 years to renew the working life. Research and development in working life during 1972-1997. (Swedish: 25 år för arbetslivets förnyelse. Forskning och utveckling på arbetslivsområdet 1972-1997) Oscarsson B., Rådet för arbetslivsforskning, Box 1122, 111 81 Stockholm, Sweden, 1997. 102p. Illus., ISBN 91-88530-55-8 (In Swedish)

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This book was published by the Council of Work Life Research at its 25 years jubilee. It describes the development of research from its initial emphasis on the physical working environment to its broader focus on the totality of working life today. (69545)

CIS 97-1173 Safer by design - A guide to the management and law of designing for product safety. Abbott H., Tyler M., Gower Publishing Ltd., Gower House, Croft Road, Aldershot, Hampshire GU11 3HR, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1997. xviii, 329p. Illus. Index. Price: GBP 42.50., ISBN 0-566-07707-8 (In English)

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Part 1 of this manual reviews techniques for the management of design risks: management strategy; sources of information on product-related accidents; hazard analysis and risk assessment techniques; standards and management information for reducing product design risks; design review systems; residual risk transfer - insurance and contract conditions; residual risk retention. Part 2 covers the legal background: legal developments in Europe; product liability in the United Kingdom and other countries; designers' personal liabilities. Part 3 presents case histories which illustrate the physical legal and commercial risks of product defects and demonstrate ways in which they could be prevented. Revised version of CIS 89-473. (69623)

CIS 97-1174 Intergovernmental agencies related to the United Nations. (French: Les institutions intergouvernementales reliées à l'Organisation des Nations Unies) In: Basic Facts About the United Nations, United Nations, Publications and Sales, Palais des Nations, 1211 Genève 10, Switzerland, 1995, p.271-304., ISBN 92-1-100570-1 (En), ISBN 92-1-200181-5 (fr) (In English, French)

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The aims, activities and administration of 16 autonomous organizations within the United Nations system are described: the International Labour Organization (ILO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the Universal Postal Union (UPU), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). (69630)

CIS 97-1175 Legislation in practice - 11. Notification of occupational accidents. (Dutch: Wetgeving in de praktijk: 11. De aangifte van arbeidsongevallen; French: Législation en pratique: 11. La déclaration des accidents du travail) Cornelis K., Van der Steen M., Association nationale pour la prévention des accidents du travail (ANPAT), rue Gachard 88, Boîte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1997. 32p. 10 ref., ISBN 2-87112-050-1 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-50-8 (ned) (In Dutch, French)

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Practical information on how to fill in accident notification forms in Belgium, as defined by various pieces of legislation. Special provisions relating to electrical installations, pressure vessels, ionizing radiation and explosives in mines and quarries are also considered. (69436)

CIS 97-1176 Personal protective equipment - Labelling, ordering and standards. (Dutch: Persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen: markering, bestelling en normen; French: Equipements de protection individuelle: marquage, commande et normes) ANPAT (Association nationale pour la prévention des accidents du travail), rue Gachard 88, Bte 4, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1995. 24p. Illus. 10 ref., ISBN 2-87112-035-8 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-35-4 (nl) (In Dutch, French)

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Belgian legislation concerning personal protective equipment (PPE) includes two Royal Orders. One covers the manufacture and the sale of PPE, while the second covers its proper use. Only the first one, dated 31 Dec. 1992 (CIS 97-1069), is considered in this guidance document (the second one is covered by the document Législation en pratique 6.). According to the Order, all PPE placed on sale after 1 July 1995 shall bear an EC label. For manufacturers this implies that a certain number of certification procedures shall have to be applied to PPE before it can be sold. Details of such procedures, as they affect ordering and accompanying documentation, are provided. In addition, existing standards, levels of protection, number codes and safety pictogrammes are given for each PPE category: safety clothing, foot protection, hand protection, face and eye protection, respiratory protection, hearing protection, head protection, protection against falling, protection against drowning and electrical protection. (69592)

CIS 97-1177 Workplace health, safety and welfare - A short guide for managers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 20p. 7 ref. (In English)

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This leaflet provides an outline of the requirements of the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 (CIS 93-351). Brief guidance is given on the general working environment (ventilation, temperature, lighting, cleanliness, room dimensions, workstation design), safety (maintenance, floors and traffic routes, protection against falls and falling objects, safety of doors, gates, walls, windows, and moving walkways), and provision of welfare facilities. (69292)

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CIS 97-1178 Sick-building syndrome. Redlich C.A., Sparer J., Cullen M.R., Lancet, 5 Apr. 1997, Vol.349, No.9057, p.1013-1016. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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The causes, symptoms and management of sick-building syndrome (SBS) are reviewed. The syndrome is associated with low-level exposure to chemical, physical and biological hazards in non-industrial indoor environments. It is characterized by non-specific symptoms including mucous-membrane irritation, neurotoxic effects, respiratory symptoms, skin symptoms, and chemosensory changes. While no single environmental factor or group of factors has been established as the single cause of SBS, two important features are air contaminants and ventilation. Assessment of building-related complaints involves occupational and environmental history and an evaluation of indoor air quality in the building. (69330)

CIS 97-1179 Coxarthrosis and occupational workload. (German: Coxarthrose und berufliche Belastungen) Elsner G., Nienhaus A., Beck W., Zeitschrift für Gesundheitswissenschaften, 1995, Vol.3, No.2, p.131-144. 24 ref. (In German)

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The work load and exposures experienced by 134 men and 86 women suffering from osteoarthritis of the hip and by a control group of 95 men and 103 women were determined with the help of a questionnaire. Age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated for the various kinds of exposure and stress mentioned in the questionnaires. For women, elevated odds ratios were obtained for handling heavy tools and lifting or carrying of loads with weights from 5 to above 20kg. The highest risk was obtained for saleswomen in retail shops. More than half said that they frequently had to lift loads with weights between 5 and 20kg. For men, elevated odds ratios were found for the exposure of the upper extremities to vibrations as well as for exposure to whole-body vibrations and to a cold and wet environment. As for occupational factors, metalworkers had the highest risk of developing osteoarthritis of the hip. (69583)

CIS 97-1180 Transformation of factory health care service and the first year activities of the new occupational health service in Hungary. Ungváry G., Béleczki L., Grónai É., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.1, p.3-23. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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The history of occupational health care in Hungary is reviewed. While the factory health services adapted to large, state-owned enterprises achieved significant results in the 1960s and 1970s, they were not able to cope with the preventive and health promotion tasks required for the increasing numbers of small enterprises established following changes in the political regime in 1989-1990. In 1995, a Government Ordinance (CIS 95-1169) was issued for the establishment of a new system of occupational health service. A report for the years 1995 and 1996 indicates that this reorganization has been successful. About 70% of Hungarian employees were covered by the service in 1996. (69381)

CIS 97-1181 A computer-assisted health care cost management system. Burton W.N., Hoy D.A., Stephens M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.33, No.3, p.268-271. 10 ref. (In English)

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An integrated health data management computer system designed to manage health care costs for the 15,000 employees of the First National Bank of Chicago is described. The system integrates a number of employee data bases relating to both traditional occupational medicine data and data on medical claims and health risk appraisal. The system provides data for use in predicting health care and disability costs and in the design of intervention strategies. (69397)

CIS 97-1182 General practitioners and occupational health. Parker G., British Journal of General Practice, May 1996, Vol.46, p.303-305. 5 ref. (In English)

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The shared aim of occupational physicians (OPs) and general practitioners (GPs) is to protect and enhance the health of employees/patients. Since little research has been done on the relationship between the two specialties, the aim of this study was to compare attitudes of GPs with those of occupational health services. Questionnaires were sent to 400 UK GPs and 300 OPs and were returned by 65% of the former and 74% of the latter. Differences were found between the attitudes of GPs and OPs towards specific health screening and vaccinations at the workplace and the role of physicians in helping the disabled. The two groups did, however, agree in recognizing the importance of health education. (69431)

CIS 97-1183 Methods to persuade higher management to invest in health promotion programmes in the workplace. Muto T., et al., Occupational Medicine, May 1997, Vol.47, No.4, p.210-216. 35 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey of 242 occupational health professionals in Japan showed that 81% had attempted to persuade higher management to implement a workplace health promotion programme. The most effective methods of persuasion were considered to be advice to the health and safety committee and recommendations from occupational physicians. Data used to persuade management included statistics on medical examinations, reports on worksite inspections and health care plans. (69487)

CIS 97-1184 Hazard evaluation of musculoskeletal injuries in the job. (Spanish: Evaluación de riesgos de lesiones musculoesqueléticas en el puesto de trabajo) García Molina C., García Bonet J., Boix i Ferrando P., Prevención, July-Sep. 1996, No.137, p.38-53. Illus. 23 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article presents a method for the hazard evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders in different activities and work stations, developed in Spain during the years 1994 and 1995. The steps followed to develop this method were: bibliographic review; data base analysis; classification and selection of work stations; design of the analytical protocol; field study; and data processing. (69617)

CIS 97-1185 Health promotion in the workplace - Strategy options. World Health Organization (WHO), Occupational Health Programme, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 56p. 59 ref. (In English)

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This document outlines options available to European countries for developing health promotion programmes in the workplace. Contents: economic and social costs of workplace health problems; components of health promotion strategies (tackling health hazards at work, promoting work as a positive influence on psychosocial health, and supporting lifestyle changes); current state of workplace health promotion in Europe; barriers to programme implementation and factors associated with success; role of governments, employees, employers, occupational health services and others; implementing a health promotion programme. (69322)

CIS 97-1186 Occupational diseases - A handbook for physicians. (Russian: Professional'nye zabolevanija - Rukovodstvo dlja vračej) Izmerov N.F., ed., Izdatel'stvo Medicina, Petroverigskij per. 6/8, 101000 Moskva, Russian Federation, 2nd ed., 1996. 336+480p. Illus. 275 ref. Index., ISBN 5-225-02661-3 (Vol.2), ISBN 5-225-02662-1 (Vol.1) (In Russian)

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Contents: classification, diagnosis and treatment of occupational diseases; organization of industrial medical services; basic principles of occupational disease prevention; evaluation and rehabilitation of victims of occupational diseases; medical ethics; toxicology of harmful industrial chemicals; respiratory diseases; fluorosis; blood diseases caused by chemicals; diseases of the nervous, hepatobiliary and urinary systems; toxicology in different industries; industrial dust and diseases caused by it; diseases due to physical factors (vibration, noise, radiation, changes in atmospheric pressure and microclimate); overstrain diseases; diseases of the vocal apparatus and the visual organs; biological factors (antibiotics, fungi, products of microbiological synthesis); skin diseases due to biological factors; industrial allergens; allergic conjunctivitis; upper respiratory diseases; bronchial asthma; occupational carcinogens; general features of occupational neoplasms; respiratory cancer; other cancers; non-specific occupational diseases; diseases of the spinal cord. (69566)

CIS 97-1187 Occupational mortality in Washington State, 1950-1989. Milham S., Publications Dissemination, EID, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, May 1997. vi, 175p. 62 ref. (In English)

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This set of microfiche tables provides data on male and female mortality by occupation, and on male and female occupations ranked by proportionate mortality ratio within selected causes of death for the periods 1950-1962, 1963-1975 and 1976-1989. The accompanying report provides commentary and discussion on the tables and indexes to them by occupation and cause of death. Data indicate an increase in leukaemia in workers exposed to electric and magnetic fields, and elevated mortality due to cancers of the pancreas, and the lymphatic and haematopoietic systems in chemical workers. (69389)

CIS 97-1188 Organization of occupational safety and health in Finland. Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, P.O. Box 536, 33101 Tampere, Finland, 1997. approx. 123p. (In English)

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This collection of documents describes the Finnish occupational safety and health system. Includes: the organization and administration of occupational health and safety in Finland; the function of the Occupational Safety Administration; activities of the Department for Occupational Safety and Health; occupational health care; product safety requirements and market control; decisions of the Ministry of Labour on safety data sheets, and information to be submitted on hazardous chemicals; statistics on occupational diseases. (69327)

CIS 97-1189 First aid at work. The Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981. Approved code of practice and guidance. Health and Safety Commission (HSC), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 22p. 7 ref. Price: GBP 6.75., ISBN 0-7176-1050-0 (In English)

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This code of practice gives the text of and guidance on the Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981 (see CIS 91-11). Contents: interpretation of the Regulations and definition of first-aid; duty of employer to make provision for first-aid (assessment of first-aid needs, first-aid materials, equipment and facilities, selection and training of first-aid personnel); informing employees of first-aid arrangements; duties of the self-employed. In appendices: assessment checklist and list of first-aid competencies. (69303)

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CIS 97-1190 Relocation hypothesis of a hazardous industrial plant: The NERI distillery of Faenza. (Italian: Ipotesi di delocalizzazione di una industria a rischio: la distilleria NERI di Faenza) Tagliaferro I., Collettini M., Sinibaldi L., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-June 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.3-60. Illus. 24 ref. (In Italian)

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This study concerns the project of relocation of a high-risk distillery plant, placed inside the town of Faenza in northern Italy. The size and the characteristics of the plant, which handles large quantities of agricultural products and dangerous chemicals, pose serious health and safety problems both to the town population and the surrounding environment. An impact assessment procedure was therefore carried out using qualitative and quantitative parameters in order to identify a limited number of relocation sites. This procedure included the simulation of possible chemical accident scenarios together with their countermeasures. Some locations for a new plant were excluded because of the vicinity of houses or the risk of polluting underground water supplies. A weighed factor evaluation system was developed (factors included visual impact, noise, traffic and contamination), leading to an eventual choice of a new location for this plant. (69551)

CIS 97-1191 State of safety engineering, accidents and injuries in the enterprises of the coal industry of Russia in 1995. (Russian: Sostojanie tehniki bezopasnosti, avarijnosti i travmatizma na predprijatijah ugol'noj promyšlennosti Rossii v 1995 g.) Čigrin V.D., Semin A.P., Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1996, No.3, p.10-20. (In Russian)

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Accident statistics for 1995 were little changed from 1994. Of 273 mines subject to the Mines and Industries Inspectorate (Gosgortehnadzor), 93 recorded fatal accidents. There were 221 victims. Leading causes were rock falls (28.7%), methane and dust explosions (22.5%), transport (20.2%) and injury by machines (10.1%). The total number of accidents with injury was 14,436. The statistics are broken down by type, cause and location of accident, and by occupation and experience of victim. The mines with the highest frequencies of accidents are often more than 40 years old. The workings have had little maintenance, underground transport is difficult and ventilation systems need to be replaced. Twenty-one actions that should be undertaken in response to the situation are presented. (69565)

CIS 97-1192 Number of chronic conditions and professional longevity of aviators. Vlassov V.V., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, May 1997, Vol.68, No.5, p.373-377. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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Data on the number of chronic medical conditions (NCMC) reported for 727 medically disqualified and 807 current pilots and navigators in the Russian Air Forces were analyzed. Disqualification was earlier for subjects who had diagnoses of chronic conditions at age 29, and was proportionate to the NCMC at ages 32 and 37. For 37 year-old aviators, disqualification was influenced more by NCMC than by military rank. NCMC is considered to be a good measure of health and a predictor of professional lifespan of pilots and navigators. (69385)

CIS 97-1193 Statistics of occupational diseases: Disc diseases in the lumbar spine. (German: Statistik zur Berufskrankheit: Bandscheibenbedingte Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule) Ross K., Keramik und Glas, Oct. 1995, No.4. p.12-13. Illus. (In German)

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A statistical survey of disc diseases during 1993 and 1994 in the glass and ceramics industry in Germany. The number of such diseases decreased during 1994. (69550)

CIS 97-1194 Health and safety in the office - A practical guide. Australian Safety News, Feb. 1997, Vol.68, No.1, p.48-52. (In English)

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Advice is given on creating a healthy and comfortable office environment. Factors considered: temperature and air conditioning; humidity; ventilation; contaminated air; smoking; photocopiers and laser printers; lighting and colour; workspace; housekeeping; work and workstation design for keyboard operators. (69319)

CIS 97-1195 Duty of care to domiciliary care workers. Rothwell-Murray C., Safety and Health Practitioner, May 1997, Vol.15, No.5, p.16-18. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

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Legal responsibilities for the health and safety of domiciliary care workers are examined. The complex contractual relationship which may exist between the recipient, the purchaser and the provider of the care makes it difficult to establish who has duties under health and safety law. While local authority or independent care providers are required to provide adequate risk assessment and training for their staff, self-employed care workers are responsible for their own health and safety. Examples of judicial decisions illustrate the complexities of the situation. (69387)

CIS 97-1196 Women's health programs at the workplace. Burton W.N., Erickson D., Briones J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.33, No.3, p.349-350. 5 ref. (In English)

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A comprehensive women's health care programme implemented by the First National Bank of Chicago is briefly described. The programme includes prenatal education, on-site gynaecologic examinations, and consultations and mandatory second opinions for certain obstetric and gynaecologic surgeries. The programme provides cost-effective health care and contributes to the good health of employees. (69396)

CIS 97-1197 Mine safety. Dhar B.B., Bhowmick B.C., Oxford and IBH Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd. , 66 Janpath, New Delhi 110 001, India, 1997. 2 vols. (xxxii, 1326p.). Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 81-204-1150-1 (In English)

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Proceedings of the 27th International Conference of Safety in Mines Research Institutes held in New Delhi, India, 20-22 February 1997. Topics covered: global trends in the development of mine safety and the need for international collaboration; mining safety and health systems and research in the USA, Poland, India and Australia; safety management; safety technology; mine ventilation; methane monitoring; monitoring, modelling and networking; mine fire; work environment; blasting and explosives; roof support; ground control; technology development; eco-friendly and safe mining. (69323)

CIS 97-1198 Construction safety: A glossary. (Portuguese: Segurança na construção: Glossário) Rodrigues G., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996. 75p., ISBN 972-8321-01-5 (In Portuguese)

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An annotated glossary of approx. 700 technical terms and expressions used in construction safety. (69375)

CIS 97-1199 Improvement of working conditions, safety and health in monumental masonry using masons restoring cathedrals as examples. (German: Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen sowie des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes für Steinmetzbetriebe am Beispiel einer Dombauhütte) Deurer W., et al., Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 101110, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. 231p. Illus. 125 ref. Price: DM 38.50., ISBN 3-89429-956-8 (In German)

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The dust and noise levels as well as the work postures of monumental masons were determined on several workplaces in Germany. In addition, the air temperatures, humidity and illumination levels were measured. Optimized designs of the workplace and illumination are illustrated. Measures to reduce dust and noise exposure are described in detail. (69590)

CIS 97-1200 Extension of the subsea isolation systems reliability database. Humphreys M., Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. viii, 47p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-1301-1 (In English)

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A study carried out in 1993-94 collected failure data on 50 Subsea Isolation Systems (SSIS) and analyzed the reliability of a number of system configurations. This report extends the original database by including data for an additional 63 SSIS in 1995. The results of the data base extension are discussed, effects of the extra operating experience on the reliability of SSIS configurations are considered, and results of reliability modelling of 9 SSIS configurations are presented. (69309)

CIS 97-1201 CONCAWE Review 6:1. CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, Vol.6, No.1, Apr. 1997. 25p. Illus. (In English)

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Topics covered in this review of CONCAWE's activities relate mainly to environmental standards and the approach to be used when defining them. Contents: the European Union's (EU) acidification strategy; EU air quality limit values; sources of airborne particulate matter; European study on the health effects of air pollution; engine technology and automotive exhaust emissions; gasoline volatility specifications; disposal of used engine oils. (69485)

CIS 97-1202 Standards in the services industry. Rothery B., Gower Publishing Limited, Gower House, Croft Road, Aldershot, Hampshire GU11 3HR, United Kingdom, 1997. ix, 177p. Index. Price: GBP 39.50., ISBN 0-566-07837-6 (In English)

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This manual provides guidance on how to frame specifications for a range of services to meet the requirements of customers and of environmental and health and safety regulations. The concept of standards in the services sector is discussed and approaches to the implementation of a management system are put forward based on knowledge of the law, writing and implementation of procedures, staff training and implementation of controls. Sources of information on health and safety regulations are outlined and a sample company health and safety manual is described. Remaining sections cover quality management and environmental management. (69392)

CIS 97-1203 Women at work in Europe - The challenge of today and tomorrow. World Health Organization (WHO), Occupational Health Programme, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 50p. 86 ref. (In English)

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This report examines statistical data on the numbers of women employed in the European Union, focusing on their occupations, the industries that employ them, and the health hazards to which they are potentially exposed. These include: inflammatory bowel disease; cancer; tuberculosis; zoonoses; hepatitis; human immunodeficiency virus; heat and cold stress; exposure to dust and fibres, lead, and solvents; stress; reproductive outcomes; perinatal mortality; and congenital malformations. Research needs are outlined. (69321)

CIS 97-1204 Check list for the glass fibre reinforced plastics industry. (Swedish: Checklista för AP-industrin (armerad esterplast)) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1991. 8p., ISBN 91-7522-255-8 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the glass reinforced plastics industry includes 69 questions covering the following areas: stock rooms; work with glass reinforced plastics; finishing; ventilation; personal protective equipment; other questions; the environment. (69573)

CIS 97-1205 Aluminium smelting plants - Analysis and prevention of risks related to furnaces. (French: Fonderies d'aluminium - Analyse et prévention des risques liés aux fours) Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2044-166-97, p.109-142. Illus. 40 ref. (In French)

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This document contains basic information on how to introduce a specific, flexible and participatory strategy for the prevention of risks connected to furnaces in aluminium smelting plants. Contents: terminology; accident statistics and case studies; description of the different types of furnaces; chronology of operations and main related functions; risk prevention approaches. Annexes: physical mechanism of explosions in smelting plants; regulations on machinery and equipment design and use; first aid in the event of burns; procedure sheets; analytical tables. (69428)

CIS 97-1206 Check list for mechanical engineering firms. (Swedish: Checklista för företag med mekanisk bearbetning) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1993. 15p., ISBN 91-7522-341-4 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for engineering workshops includes 131 questions covering the following areas: incoming goods and stock rooms; machines in general; tools; milling cutters; turning lathes; drills; presses; cutting machines; grinding machines; cutting fluids; degreasing in general; degreasing with bases; degreasing with solvents; assembly; other questions. (69572)

CIS 97-1207 Check list for forges. (Swedish: Checklista för smidesverkstäder) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1993. 6p., ISBN 91-7522-350-3 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for forges includes 41 items covering the following areas: incoming goods and stock rooms; cutting malleable iron; heating; smithing; trimming; blasting; other questions. (69579)

CIS 97-1208 Construction and civil engineering: Safety coordination. (Portuguese: Construção civil e obras públicas: a coordinação de segurança) Cabral F.A., Roxo M.M., Instituto de Desenvolvimento e Inspecção das Condições de Trabalho (IDICT), Av. República, 84 - 4°, 1600 Lisboa, Portugal, 1996. 76p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 972-8321-06-6 (In Portuguese)

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Guide to the coordination of safety activities on construction sites. Contents: new approaches to the prevention of occupational risks; general principles of OSH; specific risks in the construction industry; new approaches to preventive measures on construction sites; the preparation of a "safety and health plan"; preparation of a safety inventory; preliminary notifications; safety and health coordination on temporary and mobile construction sites. In annexes: relevant Portuguese legislation and EU directives; relevant documents for safety inventories. (69374)

CIS 97-1209 Railway safety miscellaneous provisions: Guidance on regulations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iii, 23p. 10 ref. Price: GBP 7.50., ISBN 0-7176-1262-7 (In English)

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This document provides guidance on the Railway Safety (Miscellaneous Provisions) Regulations 1997. Contents: definitions and interpretation of the Regulations; prevention of unauthorized access to the track and other railway infrastructure; provision of a means of communication between passengers and railway staff; measures to prevent collisions and derailments (signalling systems); provision and maintenance of a suitable braking system; prevention of accidents to persons at work from moving vehicles. A Schedule lists older provisions which are repealed or revoked by these Regulations. (69349)

CIS 97-1210 Guidance on permit-to-work systems in the petroleum industry. Health and Safety Commission (HSC), Oil Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., 1997. iv, 26p. 19 ref. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-7176-1281-3 (In English)

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This guidance to permit-to-work systems covers both onshore and offshore activities in the petroleum industry. Contents: definition of a permit-to-work system; responsibilities of employers, occupiers, duty holders, managers, contractors and others; required training for users of permit-to work systems; types of permits-to-work found in the petroleum industry and when they are required. In appendices: legal requirements; system and equipment isolation procedures; checklist for the assessment of permit-to-work systems. Replaces the previous edition (CIS 92-177). (69304)

CIS 97-1211 Check list for the chemical industry. (Swedish: Checklista för kemisk-teknisk industri) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1991. 5p., ISBN 91-7522-259-0 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the chemical industry includes 37 items covering the following areas: stock rooms; weighing; mixing and packing; rolling-mills; other questions. (69574)

CIS 97-1212 Check list for the rubber industry. (Swedish: Checklista för gummiindustrin) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1992. 15p., ISBN 91-7522-312-0 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the rubber industry includes 124 items covering the following areas: raw material and their handling; additives; batching and mixing; mixing in a rolling-mill; production of rubber parts and vulcanizing; automatic and manual forming in presses and extruders; manufacturing of tyres; gluing; degreasing; after-treatment; stock rooms; trucks; laboratories; the environment; other questions. (69575)

CIS 97-1213 Priorities for health and safety in the slaughtering industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 4p. 17 ref. (In English)

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This data sheet identifies the main causes of accidents to workers in the slaughtering industry and provides guidance on preventive measures: safe use of knives, avoiding manual handling, prevention of slips, trips and falls, and safe use of machinery, forklift trucks and other vehicles. (69294)

CIS 97-1214 Priorities for health and safety in the fish processing industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 4p. 16 ref. (In English)

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This data sheet identifies the main causes of accidents to workers in the fish processing industry and provides guidance on preventive measures: avoiding heavy lifting, prevention of slips, trips and falls, and safety in the use of hazardous materials, machinery and vehicles. (69295)

CIS 97-1215 Check list for printing plants. (Swedish: Checklista för tryckerier) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1993. 11p., ISBN 91-7522-340-6 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the printing industry includes 86 items covering the following areas: stock rooms; printing; reproduction; book binding; other questions; the environment. (69576)

CIS 97-1216 Check list for hotels. (Swedish: Checklista för hotell) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1992. 6p., ISBN 91-7522-329-5 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the hotel industry includes 45 items covering the following areas: general questions; reception, booking and switch boards; cleaning; laundries; swimming pools and whirlpools. (69577)

CIS 97-1217 Check list for the retail trade. (Swedish: Checklista för detaljhandel) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1991. 8p., ISBN 91-7522-261-2 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for the retail trade includes 72 items covering the following areas: incoming goods; stock rooms; cured meats and delicatessen; cold-storage rooms; shopping areas; cash points; security; general questions. (69580)

CIS 97-1218 Camera operations on location: Guidance for managers and camera crews. Health and Safety Executive, Broadcasting and Performing Arts Joint Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 38p. Illus. 17 ref. Price: GBP 11.75., ISBN 0-7176-1346-1 (In English)

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This booklet provides guidance on safety during camera work carried out on location. Part I covers managing health and safety: responsibility for risk assessment; decision making during the assignment of camera crews to work schedules; risk assessment guidelines. Part II provides guidelines on: safe systems of work in potentially hazardous locations (areas of public disorder, chemical incidents, diving operations, filming from the air, filming violent incidents, work at height); safety of mains lighting; manual handling of equipment; personal protective equipment; avoiding stress; electrical safety. In appendices: summary of relevant legislation; use of contractors; hazard assessment checklist. (69348)

CIS 97-1219 Welding coordination - Tasks and responsibilities. (French: Coordination en soudage - Tâches et responsabilités) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 6p. (In English, French)

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This international standard identifies the quality related responsibilities and tasks included in the coordination of welding related activities. Contents: scope; definitions; tasks and responsibilities; job specification; technical knowledge. (69409)

CIS 97-1220 Check list for welding workshops. (Swedish: Checklista för svetsverkstäder) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1993. 11p., ISBN 91-7522-351-1 (In Swedish)

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This check list, designed for welding workshops, includes 77 items covering the following areas: incoming goods and stock rooms; welding workshops (general questions); welding electrodes; welding pistols; personal protective equipment; welding at temporarily workplaces; supplementary work (formation of slag); grinding; painting (with brush or roller); other questions. (69548)

CIS 97-1221 Check list for the plastic industry. (Swedish: Checklista för plastindustrin) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1993. 6p., ISBN 91-7522-337-6 (In Swedish)

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This check list, designed for the plastic industry, includes 47 items covering the following areas: stock rooms; warm shaping of plastics; handling warm-shaped articles; gluing and welding of plastics; recycling of thermoplastics; other questions. (69549)

CIS 97-1222 Young people at work - A guide for employers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 54p. 15 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-1285-6 (In English)

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This booklet describes general legislation for protecting the health and safety of young people at work and provides guidance on compliance with the law. A checklist shows different types of potentially hazardous agents, processes and work, along with guidance on measures to avoid the risk and a list of relevant legislation. Other topics covered include: general duties for all employers; risk assessment; information for parents; restrictions on the work of young people; and training. An appendix describes the main employment and health and safety restrictions relating to the work of young people. (69345)

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CIS 97-1223 Analysis of safety-dedicated programmable controllers - Elements of methodology. (French: Analyse des automates dédiés à la sécurité - Eléments méthodologiques) Vigneron C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2039-166-97, p.37-42. Illus. 11 ref. (In French)

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The objective of this study was to develop a new method for the evaluation of safety-dedicated programmable controllers. Three test laboratories were asked to analyze five controllers in the context of the European standard EN 954. The approach of the laboratories was, first, a theoretical analysis of the hardware and software and, second, a practical study including different functional, behavioural and environmental tests. A critical analysis of the results allowed the development of an optimized analytical procedure that will be proposed for approval to the partners concerned with these tests: controller manufacturers, test laboratories and technical centres. (69423)

CIS 97-1224 Software fault avoidance through quality assurance. (French: L'évitement des fautes logicielles par la qualité) Charpentier P., Ménager P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2049-167-97, p.249-259. 11 ref. (In French)

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European Standard EN 954-1 classified devices into five categories according to their behaviour after a "fault" occurred. Compliance with safety regulations is difficult in the case of programmable technology used for electronic components used in personal safety equipment. Following a call for tenders issued by INRS, the company Véridatas has responded with "standard specifications" entitled Software quality requirements to be used for equipment operated by software written in assembler or a programming language like "C", using programming code not exceeding a few kilobytes. This document covers measures taken in order to avoid the introduction of faults into software (planning the activities of the software life cycle, procedures for software development, software testing, etc.). (69604)

CIS 97-1225 Analyses of individual reliability in dealing with complex automated systems. (German: Einzelfallanalysen zur Bewertung von Handlungssicherheit in komplexen, automatisierten Systemen) Rau R., Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 2nd Quarter 1996, Vol.40 (14 new version), No.2, p.75-86. Illus. 25 ref. (In German)

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In this study, the heart rate and blood pressure of fifty volunteers were measured while they performed simulated tasks required of operators of electric power distribution control panels. The tasks included monitoring sections of the power distribution system and the repair of a power failure. After each task the volunteers evaluated their neuropsychic state with the help of questionnaire. Intra- and interindividual deviations from average values of recorded pulse rates and blood pressures were used to detect actions the volunteers were not certain about. The analyses of the data of two volunteers are presented to illustrate the applied method of data evaluation. (69411)

CIS 97-1226 Evaluation of the Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1992. Honey S., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. xiii, 118p. Illus. Price: GBP 37.50., ISBN 0-7176-1334-8 (In English)

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Surveys of employers, employees and trade union representatives were carried out to evaluate those parts of the Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 (see CIS 93-24) that impose requirements specific to work with display screen equipment. Results are discussed in terms of the extent of use of display screen equipment, perceived risks, awareness and compliance with the Regulations, and actions taken by employers in relation to alterations to workstations, organization of the daily routine of users, and eye and eyesight tests. Costs and benefits of compliance are discussed and suggested improvements to the Regulations are put forward. (69300)

CIS 97-1227 Human aspects of computer-aided design. Majchrzak A., et al., Taylor and Francis Inc., 242 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-1906, USA, 1987. ix, 278p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-85066-364-4 (In English)

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Part 1 of this manual describes the technical aspects of computer-aided design (CAD) systems (hardware, software and interface systems). Part 2 covers the human-computer interface: workstation and interface design (health problems associated with computerized work, ergonomics of workstation design, operator interactive tasks, interface modes, human factors of input devices, information display); cognitive and perceptual aspects of CAD. Part 3 provides guidance on the management of CAD: social and organizational consequences of CAD; managing an individual's resistance to CAD; managing the implementation process. (69624)

CIS 97-1228 Computer related repetitive strain injury. Marxhausen P., Internet WWW pages, home-page address: http://engr-www.unl.edu/ee/eeshop/rsi.html Copyright: 1996. 28p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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This document examines the nature and causes of repetitive strain injury (RSI) and other disorders related to the use of computers, and outlines preventive measures. Contents: symptoms of RSI; correct typing technique and posture; work breaks and relaxation exercises; reporting of symptoms; sources of information and help; review of ergonomic research on visual display workstations (electromagnetic radiation, vision complaints, musculoskeletal disorders, psychosocial stresses and workstation design). (69324)

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CIS 97-1229 Asbestosis and silicosis. Wagner G.R., Lancet, 3 May 1997, Vol.349, No.9061, p.1311-1315. 36 ref. (In English)

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The causes and clinical presentation of asbestosis and silicosis are reviewed. The diseases are chronic non-malignant lung diseases caused by inhalation of asbestos and silica dusts found in a variety of workplaces, in particular, mining, construction, manufacturing and building maintenance. Since there is no effective treatment to reverse the course of the diseases, prevention through elimination of hazardous exposure conditions is of primary importance. Lung cancer and other diseases are often associated with asbestosis and silicosis. (69473)

CIS 97-1230 An experimental method for measuring aerosol deposition efficiency in the human oral airway. Cheng K.H., et al., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.207-213. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

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A replicate human upper airway cast was challenged with monodisperse aerosols and oral deposition fractions were calculated for various breathing patterns: aerosols were drawn through the nasal and oral passage in series, and through the nose and an oral bypass extension tube inserted into the mouth. Calculated oral deposition fractions agreed well with experimental measurements of total particle deposition fractions for the oral-tracheal outlet path. Results indicate that the oral deposition fraction of ultrafine aerosols can be reasonably estimated by a procedure that includes inserting an extension tube into the mouth. (69495)

CIS 97-1231 Occupational exposure of asbestos removal workers. (French: Exposition professionnelle des travailleurs employés sur les chantiers d'enlèvement d'amiante) Héry M., Possoz C., Kauffer E., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2046-167-97, p.217-224. 16 ref. (In French)

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The purpose of this article is to examine the levels of exposure to asbestos by asbestos removal workers in France, and to compare these levels with the exposure limit (1 fibre/cm³). Eight asbestos removal sites were studied: in five of these, workers wore powered filtering devices while in the other three the workers wore air-line hood respirators. Analysis of the samples demonstrated that further effort must be made in several areas in order to reduce chance exposure by workers to excessive concentrations of asbestos. These areas are: on-site risk analysis; inclusion of airtightness requirements in workplace design; maximum reduction of dust and fibre emission; improved work techniques; appropriate personal protective equipment design; information and training of workers. (69601)

CIS 97-1232 EOL-3D: Experimental validation in isothermal conditions. (French: Validation expérimentale du logiciel de ventilation prévisionnelle EOL-3D en conditions isothermes) Collineau S., et al., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2040-166-97, p.43-57. Illus. 8 ref. (In French)

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Software EOL-3D was developed by INRS in France as a tool for the prediction of ventilatory flow, and as such is a useful aid for the better design of ventilation systems. This article gathers several validation tests based on velocity and concentration measurements. EOL-3D predicts successfully the overall flow structure in function of velocity measurements. However, significant discrepancies arise when pollutant concentrations are taken into account. A large part of these uncertainties may be due to an imperfect understanding of the introduction of the pollutant into the workplace: that is, for example, the necessary boundary conditions and the simplification of the problem to be simulated. (See CIS 97-155). (69424)

CIS 97-1233 Hazardous inconsistencies. Winder C., Australian Safety News, Mar. 1997, Vol.68, No.2, p.14-19. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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Inconsistencies in the regulation of hazardous substances in Australia are discussed. The development of hazardous substances regulations is outlined and responsibilities under the Hazardous Substances Regulation 1994 are described. A review of the implementation of this Regulation in individual States indicates that no State regulation to date has left the original text of the Regulation intact, each State choosing to make changes for its own purposes. It is argued that these inconsistencies have the potential to damage unified control. (69398)

CIS 97-1234 Latex allergies - New regulations on natural rubber products. (German: Latex-Allergien - Neue Vorschriften für Naturgummiprodukte) Baur X., et al., Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung der Luft, Feb. 1996, Vol.56, No.2, p.61-62. Illus. 8 ref. (In German)

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Severe latex allergies among doctors, nursing personnel and patients in hospitals are on the rise. Latex-containing medical and protective equipment such as latex gloves are the cause. Analyses of air samples taken in hospitals and doctor's offices for the concentrations of allergens stemming from latex equipment were found to range from 0 to 205.4ng/m³. In the past the protein content of latex products was used to determine the risk of instantaneous sensitization. It is recommended to include the allergen content in the risk assessment. A method which measures both parameters is available. The results of concentrations of the proteins and allergens in 1g latex of 20 different types of latex equipment are presented. It is expected that the protein concentrations in latex equipment will soon be limited. (69412)

CIS 97-1235 How big in reality is the health hazard posed by textiles?. (German: Wie gross ist die gesundheitliche Gefährdung durch Textilien wirklich?) Platzek T., Melliand Textilberichte, Nov. 1996, Vol.77, No.11, p.774-778. 8 ref. (In German)

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Textiles may contain allergens such as disperse blue, azo dyes which may convert to carcinogenic and mutagenic amines, flame retardants and carriers for dyes. In addition, textiles made of cotton may contain chlorinated dioxins and furans such as hepta- and octochlorinated HpCDF, HpCDD, OCDF and primarily OCDD which are, however, far less toxic than 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin. The present knowledge of the exposure of the skin to these substances during the wearing of such textiles is reviewed. It is concluded that the health hazards posed by present textiles made in Germany is relatively low. (69415)

CIS 97-1236 Development and application of non-invasive biomarkers for carcinogen-DNA adduct analysis in occupationally exposed populations. Talaska G., et al., Toxicology, 1996, Vol.111, p.207-212. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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Exposure tests to carcinogenic compounds in the workplace were conducted using carcinogen-DNA adduct analysis as a biomarker. A non-invasive technique was developed relying on the determination of exfoliated urothelial and bronchial cells in urine and sputum, respectively, collected from 33 workers exposed to benzidine or benzidine-based dyes. Mean levels of a specific DNA adduct were elevated significantly in the benzidine-exposed workers relative to controls. In addition, workers exposed to benzidine had higher adduct levels than those exposed to benzidine-based dyes. The combination of non-invasive techniques for the monitoring of exposure and effect, and of the effectiveness of industrial hygiene interventions can be used to detect and prevent exposures to a wide range of carcinogens, including those found in used gasoline engine oils and jet exhausts. (69434)

CIS 97-1237 Chemical and microbiological contamination in a confined environment: Evaluation of occupational exposure under conditions of fluctuating physical parameters, seasonal conditions and external flows. (Italian: Contaminazione chimica e microbiologica in ambiente confinato: misure dell'esposizione professionale al variare di parametri fisici, condizioni stagionali e flussi dall'estero) Gilli G., et al., Prevenzione oggi, July-Sept. 1995, Vol.7, No.3, p.77-104. Illus. (In Italian)

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The purpose of this research was to discover to what extent different environmental parameters affected the effects of exposure of office workers to various chemical and microbiological agents. The chemicals investigated included aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons and carbonyls. The microbiological agents included bacteria and fungi. The environmental parameters considered included parts of the daily, weekly and annual work cycle, the presence of tobacco smoke and microclimate. Overall, changing environmental parameters had little effect on exposure, though the need for improved ventilation in winter months is shown by the results of the study and in areas subject to the passing through of many people there was a marked fluctuation in the concentration of certain chemical substances and microorganisms. (69435)

CIS 97-1238 Clinical evaluation of pesticide exposure and poisonings. O'Malley M., Lancet, 19 Apr. 1997, Vol.349, No.9059, p.1161-1166. 51 ref. (In English)

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Toxic effects of exposure to a range of pesticides are reviewed: organophosphates and N-methyl carbamates (neurotoxic effects, cholinesterase inhibition, irritation, neuropathy, neurobehavioural effects); pyrethrin and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides (allergic reactions); organochlorine insecticides (neurotoxic effects); fumigants and nematocides (non-specific gastrointestinal, cardiorespiratory and central nervous system effects); and herbicides and dipyridyls (irritation and systemic poisoning following ingestion). Pesticide poisoning treatments are outlined and brief case studies illustrate common acute effects. (69471)

CIS 97-1239 Solvents and neurotoxicity. White R.F., Proctor S.P., Lancet, 26 Apr. 1997, Vol.349, No.9060, p.1239-1243. 39 ref. (In English)

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The neurotoxic effects of solvent exposure are outlined and methods of clinical assessment, diagnosis and treatment are described. Exposure to organic solvents typically results in depression of the central nervous system and psychomotor or attentional deficits. Special clinical examinations may be used to define the patient's condition (neurological examination, neurophysiological and imaging techniques, and neuropsychological testing). Primary prevention of these disorders is essential, as treatment options are limited. (69472)

CIS 97-1240 Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in a chemical worker. Moscato G., et al., Occupational Medicine, May 1997, Vol.47, No.4, p.249-251. 8 ref. (In English)

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A worker in a chemical factory producing detergents complained of rhinitis and asthma two months after starting a job in which he was exposed to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, a microbicidal additive. The specific challenge test with this substance provoked an immediate prolonged asthmatic response and nasal symptoms. This is the first known case of occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by this compound. (69490)

CIS 97-1241 Factors associated with exposure in Occupational Safety and Health Administration data. Gómez M.R., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.186-195. 48 ref. (In English)

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspection data on airborne exposures in similar exposure groups for the period 1979-1989 were analyzed: exposures to lead in the battery manufacturing industry; to perchloroethylene among dry cleaners; and to iron oxide among metal arc welders. The analysis provided evidence of trends in levels of exposure and also examined the effects of the year, type and scope of the inspection, and of the size and union status of the establishments. Results showed that OSHA data is amenable to analysis that can provide valuable insights about workplace exposures. (69493)

CIS 97-1242 Control of ethyl methacrylate exposures during the application of artificial fingernails. Spenser A.B., et al., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.214-218. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Following six cases of occupational asthma in cosmetologists working with artificial fingernails, exposure conditions in nail salons and cosmetology schools were evaluated and various controls were examined. A commercially available recirculating downdraft manicure table with charcoal filters was modified and tested. Modifications included increasing the downdraft air volume, removal of the charcoal air filters, and installation of an exhaust system. Use of the modified table reduced personal exposure to ethyl methacrylate more than tenfold, compared to an unventilated table. (69496)

CIS 97-1243 A computer program to promote understanding of the monitoring method evaluation guidelines used at NIOSH. Abell M.T., Kennedy E.R., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.236-241. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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This computer-based training programme was devised to promote better understanding of the recently revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) test guidelines for the evaluation of monitoring methods requiring on-site sample collection and laboratory analysis of airborne toxic substances. The individual sections within the programme are described: the statistics section explains the basis of the NIOSH accuracy criterion; the experiments section provides details of the evaluation experiments; and the calculations section calculates method statistics based on data entered by the user. (69499)

CIS 97-1244 Chloracne in the 1990s. Rosas Vazquez E., et al., International Journal of Dermatology, Sep. 1996, Vol.35, No.9, p.643-645. Illus. 11 ref. (In English)

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Clinical features of nine patients affected by chloracne and exposed chronically to chlorobenzenes in the same factory were studied. All the patients were male and their skin lesions were characterized mainly by comedones and cysts. They also had chronic conjunctivitis, polyneuropathy and liver damage and seven of them had hypertriglyceridaemia. In the water used in the workplace there were high concentrations of substances that are known to cause chloracne. In workers exposed to such compounds, systemic complications should also be investigated in addition to those of cutaneous manifestation of chloracne. (69558)

CIS 97-1245 Interindividual differences in ²H₈-toluene toxicokinetics assessed by a semiempirical physiologically based model. Pierce C.H., et al., Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1996, Vol.139, p.49-61. Illus. 79 ref. (In English)

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Toluene is representative of a series of volatile solvents that are widely used in workplaces. Since much of understanding of relationships between exposure and dose has come from controlled laboratory and uncontrolled occupational exposures with variable levels of background toxicants, this investigation was done in order to study controlled exposures to a stable-isotope-labelled probe. The study built a physiologically based toxicokinetic model suitable for person-specific dosimetry. Twenty-six male volunteer subjects were exposed to a mixture of 50ppm deuterium-labelled toluene (²H₈-toluene) and 50ppm normal toluene for 2hr at rest. Several physiological parameters were measured to investigate toluene distribution, metabolism and elimination. The use of subject-specific model parameters greatly improved model fit and demonstrated inter-individual differences in toxicokinetics and provided an improvement over existing approaches. (69559)

CIS 97-1246 Method for analyzing urinary organic solvents by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for biological monitoring of exposure to these solvents. (Japanese: Seibutsugaku-teki monitaringu no tame no koso maikuro chushutsu wo mochiiru nyōchu yūkiyōzai no bunseki-hō) Asakawa F., et al., Journal of Occupational Health, 20 Nov. 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.258-259. Illus. 7 ref. (In Japanese)

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Aromatic organic solvents (toluene, xylene) in urine can be measured by adding 1g sodium chloride to a 5mL sample in a 10mL vial, closing the vial, letting it stand at room temperature for 60min, introducing a polydimethylsiloxane-coated fibre into the headspace, stirring the sample for 5min and transferring the fibre to the injection port of a gas chromatograph. With a capillary column and a flame ionization detector, the detection limit corresponds to a urinary toluene concentration of 1µg/L. A standard curve is linear to 100µg/L. This concentration range is appropriate for biological monitoring of exposure to toluene and xylene. (The Japanese occupational exposure limit for toluene, for example, is 500ppm.) (69570)

CIS 97-1247 Assessment of exposure of welders to chrome and nickel in different arc welding processes. (French: Evaluation de l'exposition des soudeurs au chrome et au nickel pour différents procédés de soudage à l'arc) Diebold F., et al., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2047-167-97, p.225-233. 9 ref. (In French)

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Three welding processes were used by the welders studied: manual arc welding with covered electrode, semi-automatic gas-shielded bare wire metal arc welding and manual arc welding using a non-consumable tungsten electrode under inert gas shielding. For each work station a separate information sheet was established, with information on the operations performed, the work rate and the protection methods used. Personal sampling of the workplace air was performed in order to estimate pollution levels. A job-exposure matrix consisting of the three processes and of two metals (chromium and nickel) was drawn up as a result of the measurements. This matrix may be of use to epidemiologists when they try to establish a dose-effect relationship between exposure to these metals in welding operations and broncho-pulmonary cancer. (69602)

CIS 97-1248 Government-approved organizations for the measurement and control of chemical risks. (French: Organismes agréés pour les mesures et contrôles du risque chimique) Huré P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2054-167-97, p.319-332. (In French)

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The French Labour Code makes it compulsory to have air flow parameters and certain chemical substances measured and monitored in all workplaces by a government-approved body or person. Special measures are required in workplaces where the following substances are present: asbestos, benzene, carbon monoxide, metallic lead and its compounds and crystalline silica. This note covers the relevant legislation, the list by department of the approved organizations and persons and the list of organizations authorized to monitor blood lead levels. This Note replaces Note No.ND 2016-163-96. (69609)

CIS 97-1249 Reactive airway dysfunction syndrome due to sodium azide inhalation. Weiss J.S., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Sep. 1996, Vol.68, No.6, p.469-471. 22 ref. (In English)

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The need for sodium azide has increased considerably since its introduction as a propellant for the inflation of air bags in automobiles. This article is a case report on two young male workers, who were unloading drums of sodium azide powder when they accidentally inhaled the powder while cleaning up the material. Hypotension, nausea, vomiting and weakness were the symptoms experienced, followed by a persistent reactive airway dysfunction syndrome. It has been postulated that both sodium azide and hydrazoic acid contributed to the observed adverse effects. (69440)

CIS 97-1250 Mortality from pesticide poisoning in Fukuoka Prefecture, 1983-1987. (Japanese: Fukuoka-ken no nōyaku chūdokushi no bunseki 1983-nen - 1987-nen) Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine, 30 Jan. 1997, Vol.45, No.5, p.664-670. Illus. 18 ref. (In Japanese)

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Statistics on pesticide poisoning in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, for the period 1983-1987 were analyzed and compared with figures for the country as a whole. Fatalities hit an all-time high in Japan in 1986. The male:female ratio of the victims was 3:2. Most deaths were suicide: 71% in the prefecture, 81% for the country as a whole. Accidental poisoning accounted for 25% of the cases in the prefecture versus 15% nationally. At both prefectoral and national levels, over two-thirds of the accidental poisonings were due to herbicides and about 20% to insecticides. The standardized mortality ratio in the prefecture was higher for rural than for urban areas. (69562)

CIS 97-1251 Quantitative fit testing techniques and regulations for tight-fitting respirators: Current methods for measuring aerosol or air leakage, and new developments. Han D.H., Willeke K., Colton C.E., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.219-228. Illus. 85 ref. (In English)

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The principles of operation of quantitative fit testing (QNFT) techniques accepted by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) are explained along with other newly-developed techniques not yet approved. The advantages and disadvantages of each are examined. Emphasis is on negative pressure air-purifying respirators. Requirements and recommendations for fit testing of positive pressure respirators are also discussed, and currently available QNFT standards and regulations are summarized. (69497)

CIS 97-1252 An evaluation of respirator maintenance requirements. Brosseau L.M., Traubel K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.242-246. 11 ref. (In English)

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A survey of 28 U.S. companies using negative pressure air-purifying respirators revealed that although the majority of companies were meeting requirements regarding inspection, cleaning, maintenance and storage of respirators, some improvements were necessary: inspection of all respirator parts should be carried out before each use; replacement parts should be made readily available on site; regular cleaning should be performed; and more hands-on practice with respirators and their maintenance should be incorporated into training sessions. (69500)

CIS 97-1253 Effects on the human immune system of occupational exposure to metallic mercury. (German: Einfluss gewerblicher Exposition gegenüber metallischem Quecksilber auf das menschliche Immunsystem) Lühmann D., Strubelt O., Kirchner H., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, Feb. 1996, Vol.46, No.2, p.49-57. Illus. 39 ref. (In German)

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Mercury (Hg) concentration in blood samples taken from 12 male workers in a mercury recovery plant were compared with that from two groups of controls. The mean Hg concentration in the mercury workers' blood (9.84µg/L) was almost 6 times higher than that in the control groups. The Hg concentration in the urine of exposed workers (9 to 340µg/L) was also considerably higher than that in the control groups (around 1µg/L). However, no correlation between Hg concentration in the blood and immunological parameters could be found. The somewhat higher concentration of leucocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes in the blood of exposed workers was due to the higher percentage of smokers among the workers than among the controls (70% versus 30% and 20%). Smoking is also seen as the cause of the slightly lower percentage of T-lymphocytes in the blood of exposed workers. The somewhat lower serum IgM concentration in the exposed workers than in control group 2 is explained by the presence of women in that control group. No differences among the 3 groups were found with regard to other immunological parameters. No evidence of an effect of mercury exposure on the immune system was found. (69581)

CIS 97-1254 The Arge Bau Study of painters in Heidelberg: Field study of health problems associated with organic solvents. (German: Heidelberger Malerstudie der Arge Bau. Feldstudie zu lösemittelassoziierten Befindlichkeitsstörungen) Schmittner H., et al., Mitteilungen der Südwestlichen Bau-Berufsgenossenschaft, 1996, No.1, p.29-33. Illus. (In German)

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In this epidemiologic study the prevalence of painters' symptoms associated with exposure to organic solvents was determined with the help of different questionnaires. The questionnaires were administered to a group of 366 painters with more than 10 years of occupational exposure to organic solvents. For comparison, a control group of 193 bricklayers and scaffold assemblers without occupational exposure to organic solvents was included in the study. Statistical evaluations of the answers in the questionnaires yielded a significantly higher prevalence of neurotoxic symptoms associated with organic solvents including headaches and fatigue among painters than among the control group. (69419)

CIS 97-1255 Effects of methyl methacrylate on the sense of smell. Muttray A., Schmitt B., Klimek L., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.1, p.58-66. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

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The prevalence of chronic smell disorders was studied in 175 acrylic sheet production workers exposed to methyl methacrylate (MMA) and in 88 non-exposed controls. Mean duration of exposure was 9.6 years; concentrations of MMA were up to 50ppm during the previous 6 years and up to 100ppm before then. Smell tests indicated no clinically relevant olfactory disorders in the exposed group. Data suggest that maintaining the current threshold limit value of 50ppm provides sufficient protection against irreversible olfactory disorders. (69383)

CIS 97-1256 Air and biological monitoring of toluene diisocyanate in a flexible foam plant. Tinnerberg H., Dalene M., Skarping G., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.229-235. 20 ref. (In English)

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Comparative air measurements of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) were performed at a TDI flexible foam plant. Urine and plasma samples were also analyzed. Sampling of isocyanates on glass-fibre filters impregnated with 9-(N-methyl-amino-methyl)-anthracene and glycerol followed by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet determination proved to be a robust and reproducible method for the determination of concentrations well below the threshold limit value. Sampling during several hours was possible. Filter-tape measurements enabled the estimation of isocyanate exposure during a whole workday. Levels of 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diamine in urine reflected exposure during the past few hours, and plasma levels reflected exposure during the past several days. (69498)

CIS 97-1257 Effects of exposure to carbon black dust on pulmonary function. (German: Effekte der Carbon black-Feinstaubexposition auf die Lungenfunktion) Küpper H.U., Breitstadt R., Ulmer W.T., Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Umweltmedizin, May 1996, Vol.31, No.5, p.190-195. Illus. 23 ref. (In German)

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No significant changes in pulmonary function could be found among 228 non-smokers and 120 ex-smokers with long-term exposure to carbon black in a petrochemical plant in Germany. Prevalence of obstructive airway diseases was not higher in the two groups than in 99 matched controls. However, pulmonary function tests of the 329 smokers among the exposed workers confirmed that smoking together with long-term exposure to carbon black dust produced a synergistic effect on lung function. No connection between long-term exposure to carbon black and bronchial hyperreactivity could be confirmed. For the workers participating in the study, the average dust concentrations to which they had been exposed were retrospectively calculated to range from 0.01 and 9.14mg/m³ for respirable carbon black fraction and from 1.08 to 19.95mg/m³ for total carbon black dust. (69584)

CIS 97-1258 Hygienic hazards in the manufacturing of polyester products. (Spanish: Riesgos higiénicos en la fabricación de objetos de poliéster) Azcoaga Bengoechea I.M., Prevención, July-Sep. 1996, No.137, p.26-37. Illus. 13 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article discusses the hazards associated with polyester manufacturing and their prevention. Subjects discussed are: health and chemical hazards; characteristics of the work stations; products used; hygiene evaluation; threshold limit values and biological threshold limits; personal protective equipment; ventilation systems. (69616)

CIS 97-1259 The history of pulp and paper bleaching: Respiratory-health effects. Torén K., Blanc P.D., Lancet, 3 May 1997, Vol.349, No.9061, p.1316-1318. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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The history of the bleaching process used in paper production is described from the 18th century to the 1990s, and the implications for occupational and environmental health are discussed. Case reports published before 1960 illustrate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms following exposure to chlorine and chlorine-based bleaching agents. Since then, controlled epidemiologic studies of pulp mill and bleachery workers have consistently shown that workers exposed to chlorine gas have an increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and impaired lung function. The development of chlorine-free bleaching is outlined. (69474)

CIS 97-1260 Evaluation of exposure to aromatic solvents at workplaces in a sheet steel coating plant. Podeu R., et al., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.1, p.24-30. 5 ref. (In English)

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Air sampling and biomonitoring of aromatic solvents were carried out in an Austrian sheet steel coating plant. 36 workers working 3 separate shifts were studied. Air monitoring showed very low concentrations of toluene, o-, m- and p-xylene, ethylbenzene and propylbenzene. Concentrations of xylenes, ethylbenzene and toluene in post-shift blood samples were also low. Benzene was not detected in air or blood samples, and urinary phenol excretion was not enhanced. Results reveal no evidence of a health hazard caused by these substances in this plant. (69382)

CIS 97-1261 Health and safety behaviour and compliance in electroplating workshops. Halliday-Bell J., Palmer K., Crane G., Occupational Medicine, May 1997, Vol.47, No.4, p.237-240. 7 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey of employers and employees in six electroplating establishments in the United Kingdom revealed a lack of compliance with statutory requirements regarding the control of substances hazardous to health; deficiencies were evident in assessment, control and health surveillance. Many employees had work-related skin problems, typically dermatitis. In general, workers were ignorant about the hazards of the materials handled, and did not always use adequate personal protective equipment, or adopt a skin care programme. There is a need for better training and more attention to skin care in these workshops. (69489)

CIS 97-1262 IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans - Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-aramid fibrils. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 506p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 92-832-1268-1 (In English)

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This monograph represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group which met in Lyon, France, 15-22 October 1996. Overall evaluation: crystalline silica inhaled in the form of quartz or cristobalite from occupational sources is carcinogenic in humans; long palygorskite (attapulgite) fibres (>5µm) are possibly carcinogenic in humans; amorphous silica, para-aramid fibrils, coal dust, short palygorskite (attapulgite) fibres (<5µm), sepiolite, wollastonite, clinoptilote, phillipsite, mordenite, non-fibrous Japanese zeolite, and synthetic zeolites are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity in humans. (69391)

CIS 97-1263 Inventory of information sources on chemicals: Intergovernmental organizations. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Palais des Nations, 1211 Genève 10, Switzerland, 1997. v, 240p. Index. (In English)

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This inventory provides details of selected chemical information sources issued by international organizations. Subjects covered include: the environment and pollution; health (toxicology and epidemiology); occupational health; industry; waste; transport; accidents; food and agriculture (pesticides and food contamination); guidelines; legislation; chemical control (risk management and hazard identification); and databases. Details provided include the title of the publication or database, organization name and address, activity objectives, and publication details. (69326)

CIS 97-1264 Benzal chloride. Benzotrichloride. Benzoyl chloride. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. 100p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 80.00., ISBN 3-7776-0751-7 (In English)

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These reports are translations of reports finalized in December 1991. Main conclusions: benzal chloride (benzylidene chloride) causes local irritation in humans and is mutagenic; benzotrichloride causes irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract in humans; the substance is mutagenic and carcinogenic in experimental animals; benzoyl chloride is a local irritant, there are no indications that it is mutagenic; tumours of the respiratory tract have been observed in workers exposed to mixtures of all three chemicals. (69341)

CIS 97-1265 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xxiv, 146p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-7776-0752-5 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in June 1991: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (benzothiazolethiol) is a skin irritant and a skin sensitizer in humans; on the basis of results of long-term animal studies, the possibility that the substance is carcinogenic cannot be ruled out. (69342)

CIS 97-1266 Tetramethylplumbane and tetraethylplumbane. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xxii, 364p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 120.00., ISBN 3-7776-0697-9 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in December 1993: acute and chronic exposure of humans to tetramethlyplumbane (tetramethyllead) and tetraethylplumbane (tetraethyllead) causes neurological effects; several cases of poisoning have been described in workers cleaning gasoline tanks; chronic exposure in men causes antifertility effects; exposure of pregnant women to gasoline has caused damage to the foetus; an epidemiologic study indicated an increased incidence of myelomas following exposure to tetraethyllead. (69343)

CIS 97-1267 Glutaric acid. C_4-6 Dicarboxylic acids. Cyclohexanone. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. 174p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-7776-0698-7 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translations of reports finalized between October 1992 and June 1993: no data are available on the effects of glutaric acid in man; toxicological studies give no indication of a hazard potential; the C_4-6 dicarboxylic acids (a mixture of succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid) have a low oral or inhalation toxicity; isolated cases of skin and respiratory tract irritation have been reported in workers handling these acids; the acute toxicity of cyclohexanone is low; short term inhalation exposure causes irritation of the eyes, nose and throat; allergic contact dermatitis is reported following contact with a resin containing cyclohexanone. (69344)

CIS 97-1268 Triisopropanolamine. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xvi, 58p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0702-9 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in December 1993. Main conclusions: skin tests on humans indicate that triisopropanolamine is non-irritant, non-phototoxic and non-sensitizing; animal studies show that the substance has a low acute toxicity; there is no evidence of mutagenic, teratogenic or carcinogenic effects. (69351)

CIS 97-1269 Isodecanol. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xiv, 43p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0701-0 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in December 1993. Main conclusions: no information is available on the effects of isodecanol (isodecyl alcohol) in humans; in animals the substance is slightly toxic and is a skin and eye irritant; there is no evidence of a mutagenic effect, and no information is available concerning sensitization, chronic toxicity or carcinogenicity. (69352)

CIS 97-1270 p-Chloroaniline. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xxiv, 171p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 106.00., ISBN 3-7776-0763-0 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in December 1993. Main conclusions: p-chloroaniline is well-absorbed by the skin; the main acute effect is methaemoglobinaemia; occupational exposure has resulted in methaemoglobin formation, cyanosis, anaemia and acute intoxication; the substance has a strong tendency to form haemoglobin adducts, and their determination can be used in monitoring workers' exposure; animal studies indicate that the substance should be regarded as carcinogenic in humans. (69353)

CIS 97-1271 Acrylic acid (2-propenoic acid). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. 194p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 106.00., ISBN 3-7776-0764-9 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in December 1994. Main conclusions: acrylic acid has a light acute toxicity; the main effects are local irritation or corrosion (skin, eyes and respiratory tract); the substance does not cause skin sensitization. (69354)

CIS 97-1272 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid/tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (H₄EDTA/Na₄EDTA). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xxi, 223p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 106.00., ISBN 3-7776-0766-5 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in May 1995. Main conclusions: the effects of EDTA in humans were determined from its use as a chelating agent in the treatment of intoxication by metals such as lead and zinc; toxic reactions through overdosing on intravasal application include kidney failure, ventricular fibrillation, and obstruction of the respiratory tract; direct contact with EDTA may cause dermal sensitization (eczema) or allergic conjunctivitis. (69355)

CIS 97-1273 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol (p-Chloro-m-cresol). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xx, 151p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 87.00., ISBN 3-7776-0761-4 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in December 1993. Main conclusions: cases of acute poisoning have been reported following oral uptake of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (chlorocresol) in humans; animal studies indicate that the substance is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, lung and skin, and is corrosive to the eyes; chlorocresol is non-sensitizing in humans; laboratory studies give no indication of a mutagenic effect. (69361)

CIS 97-1274 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (propane, butane, isobutane and mixtures). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xvii, 86p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0723-1 (In English)

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This report is a translation of a report finalized in June 1994. Main conclusions: while there are no reports of toxicity studies on LPGs, possible toxicity may be predicted from information on the major components, propane, isobutane (methylpropane), and butane; exposure to increasing concentrations of LPG vapour results in narcotic effects, with loss of consciousness and asphyxiation at high concentrations; the narcotic effect of butane is greater than that of propane; operating experiences show that propane, isobutane and butane are non-irritating and non-sensitizing; direct contact of LPG with the skin causes erythema, oedema and deep necrosis. (69362)

CIS 97-1275 Benzoic acid/sodium benzoate. m-Toluidine. C.I. Reactive Black 5. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xii, 222p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 112.00., ISBN 3-7776-0762-2 (In English)

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These reports are translations of reports finalized in June and December 1993. Main conclusions: benzoic acid and sodium benzoate show slight acute toxicity; benzoic acid has a mildly irritating effect on human skin; animal studies indicate that m-toluidine is slightly toxic, the target organ being the haematopoietic system; repeated occupational exposure to C.I. Reactive Black 5 (Remazol Black), particularly in the dust form, may cause contact allergy and respiratory sensitization; there is no evidence of genotoxic potential for any of these substances. (69363)

CIS 97-1276 Phenylhydrazine - Risk assessment document. Brooke I.M., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 55p. 87 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1355-0 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this risk assessment document: exposure to phenylhydrazine may cause damage to the red blood cells in humans, potentially resulting in anaemia and damage to the spleen and liver; acute dermal exposure has caused systemic effects in humans; animal studies suggest that the substance has skin and eye irritation potential; skin sensitization has been reported in humans; phenylhydrazine is mutagenic in vitro and it is considered that the carcinogenic hazard observed in mice is relevant to humans. (69364)

CIS 97-1277 Dimethylaminoethanol [DMAE] - Risk assessment document. Davies C., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 56p. 33 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1356-9 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the effects of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) in humans; animal studies indicate that it is of low to moderate toxicity; liquid DMAE is corrosive to the skin and causes severe eye damage in animal tests; DMAE vapour is irritating to the eyes and upper respiratory tract in animals and humans; negative findings were obtained in sensitization and mutagenicity tests; no data are available on carcinogenic or reproductive effects. (69365)

CIS 97-1278 Bromoethane - Risk assessment document. Ryan E., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 43p. 35 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1357-7 (In English)

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Conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the health hazards of bromoethane (ethyl bromide); there is some evidence that the vapour may cause eye irritation; at relatively high exposures, it may cause depression of the central nervous system; the substance is mutagenic to bacteria; while carcinogenic effects have been observed in mice, there are doubts about the significance of the findings for human health. (69366)

CIS 97-1279 3-Chloropropene - Risk assessment document. Smith A., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 60p. 69 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1353-4 (In English)

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Conclusions of this risk assessment document: 3-chloropropene (allyl chloride) vapour causes irritation of the eyes and respiratory tact; there is evidence supported by animal tests that chronic exposure can result in damage to the peripheral nervous system in humans; repeated exposure may also cause liver and kidney dysfunction; the substance is genotoxic in vitro; animal studies and in vitro tests suggest that 3-chloropropene has the potential to act as a tumour initiator. (69367)

CIS 97-1280 α-Chlorotoluene - Risk assessment document. Evans P., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 44p. 48 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1354-2 (In English)

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Conclusions of this risk assessment document: no data are available on the effects of α-chlorotoluene (benzyl chloride) in humans; animal studies indicate that it is irritating to the skin, eyes and respiratory system; while the substance has genotoxic potential in vitro, results of in vivo tests are not conclusive; there is evidence that the substance is carcinogenic in mice. (69368)

CIS 97-1281 2-Furaldehyde - Risk assessment document. Gregg C.N., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 74p. 79 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1358-5 (In English)

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Conclusions of this risk assessment document: little information is available on the effects of 2-furaldehyde (furfural) in humans; animal studies indicate that the substance is readily absorbed by inhalation or dermal exposure and that the main health effects of concern for occupational exposure are irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract, genotoxicity and the induction of cancer. (69369)

CIS 97-1282 1,2-Diaminoethane [Ethylenediamine, (EDA)] - Risk assessment document. Brooke I., et al., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 70p. 94 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1338-0 (In English)

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Conclusions of this risk assessment document: 1,2-diaminoethane (ethylenediamine) is a skin sensitizer in humans; repeated occupational exposure causes asthma; the substance is a skin irritant, and skin contact may cause irritant or allergic dermatitis. (69370)

CIS 97-1283 Bisphenol A and its diglycidylether: Health based recommended occupational exposure limits. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 90517, 2509 LM Den Haag, Netherlands, 1996. 110p. 108 ref., ISBN 90-5549-121-7 (In English)

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In this report the Dutch Committee on Occupational Standards discusses the consequences of occupational exposure to bisphenol A and its diglycidyl ether and recommends occupational exposure limits. Main conclusions: in humans, bisphenol A causes mild irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat; the diglycidyl ether is a skin sensitizer. Recommended occupational exposure limits for both substances (8h TWA): 10 mg/m³ for substances in the form of inhalable dust, and 5mg/m³ for respirable dust. Skin contact with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether should be avoided. Summary in Dutch. (69481)

CIS 97-1284 1,2-Ethanediamine: Health based recommended exposure limit. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 90517, 2509 LM Den Haag, Netherlands, 1996. 70p. 105 ref., ISBN 90-5549-138-1 (In English)

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In this report the Dutch Committee on Occupational Standards discusses the consequences of occupational exposure to 1,2-ethanediamine (ethylenediamine) and recommends an occupational exposure limit. Main conclusions: in humans, 1,2-ethanediamine is corrosive to the skin, and is a skin sensitizer and probably a respiratory sensitizer. Recommended occupational exposure limit (8h TWA): 18mg/m³ (7.2ppm). Summary in Dutch. (69482)

CIS 97-1285 Phenol: Health based recommended occupational exposure limit. Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards (Werkgroep van Deskundigen ter Vaststelling van MAC-waarden), Gezondheidsraad, Postbus 90517, 2509 LM Den Haag, Netherlands, 1996. 86p. 194 ref., ISBN 90-5549-141-1 (In English)

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In this report the Dutch Committee on Occupational Standards discusses the consequences of occupational exposure to phenol and recommends an occupational exposure limit. Main conclusions: phenol and phenol solutions are caustic to human skin; the substance is absorbed through the skin; incidents of acute toxicity following dermal exposure in humans resulted in chemical burns and effects on the central nervous system; acute phenol poisoning may lead to respiratory failure and death. Recommended occupational exposure limit (8h TWA): 8mg/m³ (2ppm); a skin notation is advised. Summary in Dutch. (69483)

CIS 97-1286 Toxicological profile for vinyl chloride: Update. Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry (ATSDR), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology, Toxicology Information Branch, 1600 Clifton Road NE, E-29, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, Apr. 1993. 171p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Contents: public health statement; health effects; chemical and physical information; production, import, use and disposal; potential for human exposure; analytical methods; regulations and advisories; references; glossary. Health hazards include: hepatic damage; neurotoxic effects; immunotoxic effects; Raynaud's phenomenon; haematotoxic effects; carcinogenic effects (liver, brain and lung cancer). (Update of CIS 90-1300). (69611)

CIS 97-1287 Trichloroacetic acid; Sodium trichloroacetate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xxii, 226p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 112.00., ISBN 3-7776-0765-7 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in August 1995: trichloroacetic acid is caustic to the skin and mucous membranes; dusts and spraying solutions of sodium trichloroacetate can cause extensive skin irritations in humans, especially in the facial area and eyes (occasional conjunctivitis); inhalation may cause painful irritations of the nasal and pharyngeal cavities, the trachea and lung. (69621)

CIS 97-1288 Ethyl glycol/ethyl glycol acetate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1997. xviii, 159p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 97.00., ISBN 3-7776-0777-0 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in December 1995: the toxicity of ethyl glycol corresponds to that of ethyl glycol acetate; both substances exhibit a low toxicity; they are absorbed through the skin; there are reports of haematological and spermatotoxic effects in occupationally exposed workers. (69622)

CIS 97-1289 Report to Congress on Workers' Home Contamination Study Conducted Under The Workers' Family Protection Act (29 U.S.C. 671a). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Sep. 1995. xxv, 281 p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Contents of this report: health effects of workers' home contamination by specific substances; sources of home contamination (workers' clothing, taking items home from work, cottage industries, farms); levels of contamination in homes and cars; preventive measures; decontamination procedures; review of existing Federal and States laws; responses to incidents of home contamination; recommendations for research and education. (69450)

CIS 97-1290 Containment enclosures - Part 1: Design principles. (French: Enceintes de confinement - Partie 1: Principes de conception) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 28p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English, French)

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Part 1 of this international standard provides guidance and recommendations for the design, mounting and assembly of containment enclosures. It gives general requirements on the materials to be used, the construction and standard dimensions of the different types of containment enclosure. Annexes: seals for containment enclosures; fully equipped containment enclosure. (69402)

CIS 97-1291 General methods for sampling and analysis of respirable dust and total inhalable dust. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Health and Safety Laboratory, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Jan. 1997. 8p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-7176-1295-3 (In English)

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This revised data sheet (see CIS 93-954 for previous edition) takes into account the establishment of new standards and criteria for sampling respirable dust agreed by the European Standards Organisation, and also contains a range of alternative sampling methods. The methods described are suitable for the determination of the concentrations of most dusts and fumes in the workplace except cotton dust, wool process dust, lead dust, coal tar pitch volatiles, and respirable dust in coal mines. Guidance is given on equipment and procedures for the sampling and analysis of both personal and background sampling of respirable and total inhalable dust. (69306)

CIS 97-1292 Platinum metal and soluble platinum compounds in air. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Health and Safety Laboratory, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Dec. 1996. 12p. Illus. 19 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-7176-1306-2 (In English)

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This data sheet updates and replaces MDHS 46 (see CIS 88-949). It describes methods for the determination of the concentration of platinum metal and soluble platinum compounds in workplace air using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The principal changes from the previous edition are to recommend the use of filters that are soluble using the dissolution technique described for platinum metal, and to describe the use of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for the analysis of sample solutions with a low platinum concentration. (69307)

CIS 97-1293 The dust lamp. A simple method for observing the presence of airborne particles. Health and Safety Executive, Health and Safety Laboratory, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 12p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1362-3 (In English)

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This data sheet explains the principles of the dust lamp, a simple qualitative tool for making fine particle clouds visible or for enhancing the visibility of partially visible clouds. Battery powered and mains operated lamps are described and techniques of still photography and video recording of particle clouds are outlined. Photographs illustrate the use of the dust lamp in recording exposure to wood dust, mineral dust, rubber fume and solder fume. Appendices provide technical information on lighting equipment, still photography and video recording and a list of lamp suppliers. (69347)

CIS 97-1294 Asbestos in bulk materials - Sampling and identification by polarized light microscopy. (French: L'amiante dans les matériaux en vrac - Echantillonnage et identification par microscopie en lumière polarisée) Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2038-166-97, p.17-35. Illus. 45 ref. (In French)

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Translation of monograph MDHS 77 on the sampling and identification of asbestos in bulk materials by polarized light microscopy, June 1994 (see CIS 94-2043). Glossary. (69422)

CIS 97-1295 General COSHH ACOP (1996 edition) - A brief guide to the changes. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 8p. (In English)

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This leaflet lists changes to the 1994 version of the Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) for the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (CIS 95-1456). The Regulations were amended in 1996 and the changes have been incorporated into a new version of the ACOP. The amendments include changes to the text of the Regulations and revisions to Schedule 1, the list of maximum exposure limits (MELs). Two MELs have been withdrawn, 18 new MELs have been added and 15 have been revised. (69291)

CIS 97-1296 Alert: Preventing carbon monoxide poisoning from small gasoline-powered engines and tools. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, Nov. 1996. iv, 15p. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

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This document outlines the health effects of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and summarizes reports of poisoning resulting from the use of gasoline-powered tools. Examples of environmental measurements and modelling techniques illustrate how quickly CO levels can reach dangerous concentrations. Recommendations for employers and equipment users include location of gasoline engines outside and away from air intakes, recognizing signs of CO poisoning, CO monitoring and substitution with less hazardous equipment. (69449)

CIS 97-1297 Petroleum products - First aid emergency and medical advice. Ebbon G.P., et al., CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1210 Bruxelles, Belgium, Mar. 1997. iv, 76p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. (In English)

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Part 1 of this report provides first aid and emergency information on motoring-related and petroleum products typically sold by petroleum companies on garage forecourts, including antifreeze, bitumen, brake fluid, diesel fuel, fuel oils, gasoline, and others. Information is also included on emergency treatment for burns, aspiration, and the high pressure injection of liquids under the skin. Part 2 provides supporting information including the effects of composition and additives on the toxicity of petroleum products. (69470)

CIS 97-1298 Check list for the surface treatment industry. (Swedish: Checklista för ytbehandlingsindustrin) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1991. 10p., ISBN 91-7522-258-2 (In Swedish)

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This safety check list designed for work with surface treatment includes 94 items covering the following areas: purchasing and stock rooms; batching; finishing; ventilation; handling of parts; purification plants; degreasing with solvents; other questions. (69578)

CIS 97-1299 Safe use of isocyanates in printing and laminating. Health and Safety Commission, Printing Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. vi, 33p. Illus. 39 ref. Price: GBP 10.50., ISBN 0-7176-1312-7 (In English)

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This guidance is primarily concerned with the inhalation hazards arising from exposure to isocyanates. Contents: use of isocyanates in printing and printed packaging; health effects (sensitization, irritation, dermatitis, asthma); occupational exposure limits; selection of isocyanate products; storage; respirators; mixing processes; application systems; inspection and maintenance of ventilation systems; decontamination and spillage; waste disposal; air monitoring; health surveillance; first aid; information of personnel. (69469)

CIS 97-1300 EVALUTIL: Data base for assessing asbestos exposure among users of asbestos containing materials. (French: EVALUTIL: base de données pour l'évaluation des expositions à l'amiante des utilisateurs de matériaux en contenant) Orlowski E., et al., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2037-166-97, p.5-16. Illus. 43 ref. (In French)

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The EVALUTIL database serves to evaluate asbestos exposure of workers using asbestos-containing materials outside the asbestos industry. The collection of data was based on a review of the scientific literature and technical reports and supplemented by metrological data from six laboratories engaged in the measurement of fibre concentrations in the work environment. The article describes how the data are recorded and exploited, taking into account the limitations due to the nature of the data and the conditions under which they are recorded. The usefulness of the database in risk prevention and epidemiology is illustrated. (69421)

CIS 97-1301 Responsible Care®. Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association (SOCMA), Internet WWW pages, home page address: http://www.socma.com/respcare/index.html (In English)

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Responsible Care® is a programme demonstrating the North American chemical industry's commitment to the continuous improvement of OSH and environmental quality. It is built around a set of 10 Guiding Principles and six Codes of Management Practices. The six codes, in order of their implementation are: 1) Community Awareness and Emergency Response (CAER), 2) Process Safety, 3) Employee Health and Safety, 4) Pollution Prevention, 5) Distribution, and 6) Product Stewardship. The following main goals of the programme are established: 1) improved chemical processes, 2) improved customer relations and service, 3) waste reduction, 4) minimization of accidents and incidents, 5) safe handling, transportation and storage, and 6) increased internal communications and heightened public awareness. Other aspects of the programme include provisions for a self-evaluating process, mutual assistance and performance improvement measurements. (69379)

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CIS 97-1302 The control of major hazard facilities. Australian Safety News, Feb. 1997, Vol.68, No.1, p.41-43. Illus. (In English)

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A brief guide to the Australian National Standard for the Control of Major Hazard Facilities is presented. It covers: classification of a workplace as a major hazard facility depending on the amount of dangerous material held at the site (including a table of threshold quantities for dangerous materials and groups of materials); responsibilities of managers, operators, employees and employee representatives; role of the relevant public authority. (69317)

CIS 97-1303 Fire at Düsseldorf Airport. (French: Incendie à l'aéroport de Düsseldorf) Dosne R., Face au risque, Sep. 1996, No.325, p.58-62. Illus. (In French)

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Description of a fire that broke out at Dusseldorf International Airport (Germany) on 11 Apr. 1996, and caused 17 deaths and more than 60 injuries requiring hospitalization. The fire was caused by incandescent particles from a welding torch falling on flammable material the presence of which was not suspected by the workers. The article examines in detail the lack of fire safety and the insufficient fire preparedness in the air terminal at the time of the fire. The fire fighting actions and the subsequent decontamination procedures are also described. (69600)

CIS 97-1304 Prediction of lower explosivity limits (LEL) in air: Application of thermo-chemical criteria to organic gases and fumes. (French: Prédiction des limites inférieures d'explosivité dans l'air: application de critères thermochimiques pour les gaz et vapeurs de substances organiques) Dalmazzone D., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2048-167-97, p.235-248. Ill. 9 ref. (In French)

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Knowing the lower explosivity limit (LEL) is essential in all activities where combustible compounds are kept. The determination of the LELs is a time-consuming and expensive process. The limits have been established for just a few substances, and the data are not always reliable. A method is needed therefore by which the LEL can be estimated through simple calculations requiring a minimum number of basic informations. This article describes the work done at the French Ecole nationale supérieure de techniques avancées (ENSTA), with the support of INRS, developing a method for the prediction of the LEL using the CHETAH program created by the American Society for Testing and Materials. Main topics covered: program criteria, program applications, experimental data, statistical studies, calculation examples. (69603)

CIS 97-1305 Big fires and explosions with casualties in the 20th century. (Spanish: Grandes incendios y explosiones con víctimas en el siglo XX) Martínez García F., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.63, p.45-51; 93-95 (English summary). Illus. (In Spanish)

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This article presents a statistical analysis of major fire and explosion accidents in the 20th century. Though several difficulties obstructed data collection, samples were so representative as to permit several conclusions that help to improve safety against this type of accidents. The aspects analyzed were: distribution of the accidents by decade; activities affected; countries where the accidents occurred; major accidents in workplaces; physical state of the prevailing fuel. (Summary in English). (69620)

CIS 97-1306 Safety in chemical reactors. (Spanish: Seguridad en reactores químicos) Marco M.E., Peña J.A., Santamaría J., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.63, p.25-31; 88-90 (English summary). Illus. 11 ref. (In Spanish)

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This article deals with hazard identification and control when working with chemical reactors. Runaway reactions (violent decomposition), as well as a methodology for their assessment, are discussed. An experimental study on the dangerousness of organic peroxides as substances liable to runaway reactions, carried out by the University of Zaragoza, Spain, is presented. The importance of knowing the dangerousness of reactive agents, products and mixtures confined in a reactor in order to estimate the potential risk of a runaway reaction is pointed out. (Summary in English). (69619)

CIS 97-1307 New safety tools. (French: Nouveaux outils pour la sécurité) Brett Y.B., Face au risque, Sep. 1996, No.325, p.53-57. Illus. (In French)

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The Internal Operation Plan (IOP) of a hydrocarbon storage facility is different from that of an industrial site such as a refinery, chemical plant or other petrochemical site. However, both types of plans must undergo changes as the relevant legislation is modified and must take into consideration the experience gained from current industrial practice. New pipeline installations, whether in the countryside or in urbanized areas, require a very precise and rigorous environmental impact study to be conducted beforehand. Hydrocarbon storage facilities must obey very strict safety rules so that workers, installations and the environment may be protected in an appropriate way. In order to help managers in their task of complying with legislation and benefitting from experience, the Gésip (Groupe d'études de sécurité des industries pétrolières = Study Group for Safety in the Petroleum Industry) has published a series of up-to-date and thorough methodological guides. This article describes three such guides, devoted to the preparation of IOPs in industrial facilities, the preparation of an impact study of pipelines and the safe management of liquid hydrocarbon storage facilities. The article also provides an overview of the organization of disaster preparedness in France. (69599)

CIS 97-1308 Man-made disasters. Turner B.A., Pidgeon N.F., Customer Services Department, Heinemann Publishers Oxford, P.O. Box 382, Halley Court, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8RU, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1997. xx, 250p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7506-2087-0 (In English)

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This book provides a theoretical basis for the systematic study of the causes of a range of man-made disasters. It is based on an analysis of 84 official reports into accidents and disasters in the United Kingdom during the period 1965 to 1975. Topics covered include: previous approaches to the understanding of the socio-technical contexts within which disasters develop; the incubation of disasters; errors and communication difficulties; the nature of information and surprise; disasters and rationality in organizations; energy and misinformation as sources of disaster. A final chapter reviews developments from 1975 to the mid-1990s. (69466)

CIS 97-1309 Dispersion of releases of hazardous materials within buildings. Phase II - CFD modelling. Gilham S., Ferguson S., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. iv, 88p. Illus. 17 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-1200-7 (In English)

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This report describes a study to examine the performance of a commercially available computational flow dynamics (CFD) programme (STAR-CD) when applied to the dispersion of gases within buildings. For the three validation cases studied, good qualitative and reasonable quantitative predictions were achieved. However, extrapolation of these results to CFD predictions for realistic sites cannot be confirmed. While the costs associated with applying CFD to internal gas dispersion are likely to preclude its use on a routine basis within Safety Cases, the procedure may be used to provide an insight into the nature of the flow problem. (69477)

CIS 97-1310 Electrostatic hazards. Lüttgens G., Wilson N., Butterworth-Heinemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 1997. x, 166p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 30.00., ISBN 0-7506-2782-4 (In English)

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Handbook on the dangers of fire and explosion in the workplace due to static electricity. Contents: danger of fire and explosion (conditions for ignition, minimum ignition energy); origins of static electricity; electrostatic discharges as sources of ignition; principles of safety; case histories related to various types of discharges; case histories of fires where static electricity had been suspected as the causing agent but another cause was eventually identified; cases of electric shock due to static electricity. (69554)

CIS 97-1311 UK Continental Shelf seismic hazard. Musson R.M.W., et al., Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. vii, 101p. Illus. 95 ref. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 0-7176-1319-4 (In English)

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This report describes a study to assess the seismic hazard on the United Kingdom Continental Shelf. A unified catalogue of earthquakes in the study area was prepared, along with a seismic source zoning map and seismic hazard contour maps. Secondary hazards caused by earthquakes, such as slope failure and loss of soil strength, were also reviewed. The hazard maps show a wide range of seismic hazard in offshore waters; areas with above average seismic hazard are identified. The report includes an abbreviated version of the earthquake catalogue and seismic activity maps. (69308)

CIS 97-1312 Gas cylinders - 25E taper thread for connection of valves to gas cylinders - Specification. (French: Bouteilles à gaz - Filetages coniques 25E pour le raccordement des robinets sur les bouteilles à gaz - Spécifications) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iii, 5p. Illus. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies definitions, dimensions and tolerances of a taper screw thread of nominal diameter 25.8mm (designated 25E) for the connection of valves to medical and industrial gas cylinders. Inspection gauges are covered by ISO 11191 (CIS 97-1346). (69407)

CIS 97-1313 Safe collection of woodwaste: Prevention of fire and explosion. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 4p. Illus. 4 ref. (In English)

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This data sheet provides practical guidance to manufacturers, suppliers and users of woodwaste collection systems on the reduction of fire and explosion risks. Contents: hazards of wood dust; explosibility of woodwaste; sources of ignition; types of collection systems; design of ductwork; precautions for collection units where a dust explosion risk exists; sizing of explosion relief; design of explosion vents; ducting of vents to the open air; firefighting. (69399)

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CIS 97-1314 Experimental investigation into the behaviour of differential switches. (Italian: Indagini sperimentali sul comportamento di interruttori differenziali) Erba P., Siracusa S., Tommasini R., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-June 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.157-184. Illus. (In Italian)

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Report on an investigation of 144 differential switches under different kinds of environmental conditions (hot and dry, hot and humid, rapid temperature change, cold, saline mist). Large differences were found in the occurrence of interruptor failure between different models and under different environmental conditions. (69553)

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CIS 97-1315 Evaluation of the health hazard posed by whole-body vibrations to the spinal column with the help of the mechanical impedance in the human body. (German: Abschätzung der Gefährdung der Wirbelsäule durch Ganz-Körperschwingungen anhand der mechanischen Übertragungsfunktion des menschlichen Körpers) Fritz M., Ergo-Med, Nov.-Dec. 1995, Vol.19, No.6, p.178-184. Illus. 32 ref. (In German)

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In this study a biomechanical model was used to calculate the transmission of whole-body vibrations to the spinal column. Both sitting and standing postures were covered. The findings were compared with the few existing publications on this subject. Contrary to the present notion that whole-body vibrations are less harmful to the spinal column in standing rather than sitting posture, standing seems to dampen the vibrations at the lower frequency range below 4Hz but not at the higher frequency range. (69420)

CIS 97-1316 The EN ISO 3740 and EN ISO 9614 standard series for the determination of sound power levels. (French: Les séries de normes EN ISO 3740 et EN ISO 9614 de détermination du niveau de puissance acoustique) Jacques J., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2043-166-97, p.91-107. Illus. 13 ref. (In French)

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This article explains the contents of the ISO standards dealing with methods for determining sound pressure levels from machinery and equipment. Contents: sound power levels; standards and the machinery directive; sound power determination and its accuracy; influence of test sites; allowance for background noise; characteristics of the two types of methods; intensity methods; effort required to determine sound power levels; choice of method. A diagram of the process leading to the choice of a method for evaluating machinery noise emission is proposed. (69427)

CIS 97-1317 Vibration exposure of operators in the vicinity of industrial machinery. (French: Exposition vibratoire des opérateurs à proximité des machines industrielles) Mistrot P., Donati P., Galmiche J.P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2050-167-97, p.261-273. Illus. 18 ref. (In French)

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Whole-body mechanical vibration transmitted to machine operators was measured in the vicinity of 75 machines of 15 different types. Vibration levels in some cases exceeded the danger level (0.63m/s²). This happened in the case of crusher and forging hammer operators, whose controls are attached to the machines, near certain types of floor-mounted mechanical presses, and on the platforms of hot bituminous mix spreading machines. It would be advisable to apply anti-vibration measures to most of the machines studied, if this has not been done already, by suspending the machine itself, by carefully uncoupling it from the operator's platform or by isolating the control cabin from the vibrating parts. Particular attention is paid to the design of vibration isolation and to the information workers should be supplied with. (69605)

CIS 97-1318 Errors in the measurement and evaluation of electromagnetic fields. (Italian: Errori nella misura a valutazione del campo elettromagnetico) Delia R., Bedini A., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-Jun. 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.61-73. Illus. 12 ref. (In Italian)

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There are several sources of error in measuring electromagnetic (EM) fields in real-life situations. One is the fact that measuring devices are normally calibrated for single-frequency fields, whereas in practice multiple-frequency emissions occur. In most cases there are several emission sources as well. The analysis presented here examines the measurement errors committed in calculating both the average and the peak values of EM fields. The margin of error in the case of n sources is proportional to Log(n). In typical situations this corresponds to about 3dB. In the case of several frequencies being present, typical errors are of the order of 2dB. (69552)

CIS 97-1319 Analysis of radiation exposure of students in clinical practice and education for radiation protection. (Japanese: Rinshō jisshūji ni okeru gakusei no hōshasen hibaku no kaiseki to hōshasen bōgo kyōikugakuteki kōsatsu) Miura T., Koga S., Radioisotopes, Mar. 1997, Vol.46, No.3, p.173-179. Illus. 22 ref. (In Japanese)

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Description of measures taken in the radiology department of a medical school to sensitize future medical and paramedical personnel to the hazards of X-rays and other ionizing radiation to which they may be exposed in their work, to protect them from exposure during their studies and to teach them good practice. (69564)

CIS 97-1320 Estimation of diver survival time in a lost bell. Tipton M.J., et al., Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. viii, 101p. 221 ref. Price: GBP 30.00., ISBN 0-7176-1318-6 (In English)

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This report describes a study of diver survival time in a saturation diving bell which has become separated from its umbilical and left with only a limited amount of power for heating. Human experiments and computer modelling of thermoregulation were carried out. Results are discussed in relation to metabolic and thermal responses to cold exposure. It is concluded that even the most advanced mathematical models are poor at predicting the intensity of the metabolic response to cold. Predicted survival times for persons able to stabilize deep-body temperature were estimated to be in the range of 10h to more than a day. These predictions were based on the assumption that time to hypoglycaemia is the determinant of shivering endurance. (69310)

CIS 97-1321 Central index of dose information - Summary of statistics for 1995. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iii, 28p. 14 ref. (In English)

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This annual report provides an analysis of radiation doses reported for classified radiation workers in Great Britain in 1995. Tables show doses for each occupational category. The mean whole body dose averaged over all occupational categories was 0.8mSv. The highest mean dose (21.9mSv) was for underground miners in non-coal mines. 38% of classified persons were reported as receiving no dose at all, 84% as receiving 1mSv or less, and 96% as receiving 5mSv or less. (69296)

CIS 97-1322 LD₅₀ equivalent for the effect of thermal radiation on humans. Rew P.J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iii, 25p. Illus. 33 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1323-2 (In English)

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This study extends a previous literature review undertaken to assess the current status of the modelling of the effects of thermal radiation from hydrocarbon fires. This review suggested that the 'Dangerous Dose' criterion of 1000(kW/m²)^4/3s for an average population is a reasonable estimate of the thermal dose at which serious burns may be received or a small percentage of the population may die. The current study discusses the thermal dose level which would be suitable for use as a 'Lethal Dose' (LD₅₀) equivalent and puts forward an estimated value of approximately 2000(kW/m²)^4/3s. Assumptions and uncertainties in the estimation are discussed. (69299)

CIS 97-1323 Investigation of the suitability of EMDEX magnetic field dosemeters for assessment of the exposure to induction heating workers. Chadwick P., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 80p. Illus. 4 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1324-0 (In English)

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Tests were carried out on a custom-built high frequency, high field EMDEX II magnetic field dosemeter, a pocket-sized instrument for measuring and recording magnetic flux density. Laboratory tests and field trials around eight induction heaters demonstrated that the instrument was as reliable as other, non-recording, magnetic field meters making spot measurements in industrial environments. Wearing the dosemeter for many days could provide reliable personal dosimetry for workers using induction heaters. (69339)

CIS 97-1324 Review of rescue and immediate post-immersion problems - A medical/ergonomic viewpoint. Golden F.S.C., David G.C., Tipton M.J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. iv, 78p. Illus. 70 ref. Price: GBP 45.00., ISBN 0-7176-1367-4 (In English)

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This report addresses the difficulties associated with the rescue of individuals from the sea and their immediate post-immersion care. Contents: medical and physiological aspects (problems of the immersion victim, mechanisms involved in circum-rescue collapse, problems faced by rescuers, guidelines for the treatment of immersion casualties); rescue equipment (survey of currently used equipment and methods, ergonomic review of equipment, manual methods used to recover casualties); operational aspects (regulations and guidelines, speed of response, communications, crew selection and fitness, training); lifeboat organizations. (69480)

CIS 97-1325 Acoustics - Guidelines for the measurement and assessment of exposure to noise in a working environment. (French: Acoustique - Guide pour le mesurage et l'évaluation de l'exposition au bruit en milieu de travail) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iii, 28p. 22 ref. (In English, French)

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This international standard describes the determination of acoustical quantities, especially the type and locations of sound pressure level measurements to be conducted, the time sampling and frequency analysis required and the special characteristics of the noise to be considered. The purpose is to allow an assessment of the noise in the working environment with respect to its various effects on the worker as a result of daily habitual exposure. Special requirements for the description of infrasound and ultrasound exposure are included. (69403)

CIS 97-1326 Acoustics - Preferred frequencies. (French: Acoustique - Fréquences normales) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1997. iii, 3p. 2 ref. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies a series of preferred frequencies in order to provide a common basis for comparing the results of acoustical measurements. The preferred frequencies are based on the R10 series of preferred numbers in ISO 3 and the reference frequency of 1000Hz. Contents: scope; normative reference; definitions; preferred frequencies. (69410)

CIS 97-1327 Acoustics - Measurement of the in situ sound attenuation of a removable screen. (French: Acoustique - Mesurage de l'atténuation acoustique in situ d'un écran amovible) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 10p. Illus. 9 ref. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies methods for evaluating the in situ sound attenuation performance of a removable screen, either indoors or outdoors. This engineering grade method is based on an insertion loss measurement that can be carried out either with shielding of the actual sound source(s) or using an artificial sound source. Contents: scope; normative references; definitions; instrumentation; determination of in situ sound attenuation; uncertainty; information to be recorded; information to be reported. (69430)

CIS 97-1328 X and gamma radiation - Indirect- or direct-reading capacitor-type pocket dosemeters. (French: Rayonnements X et gamma - Dosimètres individuels à condensateur pour lecture directe ou indirecte) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. ii, 21p. Illus. 14 ref. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies the requirements for direct- and indirect-reading capacitor-type pocket dosemeters and the accessory electrometers used for personal dosimetry of X and gamma radiation. The tests described in this standard are designed to be carried out on the dosemeter equipment associated with the operating accessories specified by the manufacturer. (69404)

CIS 97-1329 Requirements for the approval of dosimetry services under the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1985. Part 1: External radiations. Part 2: Internal radiations. Part 3: Co-ordination and record keeping. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. 3 vols. xvi, 147p. 18 ref. (In English)

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These three volumes describe procedural requirements and criteria relating to the approval of dosimetry services undertaking assessment and record-keeping of radiation doses received by classified persons. Part 1 covers doses arising from external radiations, including exposures resulting from accidents. Part 2 deals with internal radiations, including radon decay products. Part 3 covers co-ordination of dose assessments and record-keeping of reported doses. The criteria for approval are supplemented by guidance on how they may be satisfied. (69484)

CIS 97-1330 Mechanical vibration and shock - Human exposure - Biodynamic coordinate systems. (French: Vibrations et chocs mécaniques - Exposition de l'individu - Systèmes de coordonnées biodynamiques) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 14p. Illus. 26 ref. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies anatomical and basicentric coordinate systems for biodynamical measurements, for reference purposes in cognate standards development, and for precisely describing human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. The segmental anatomical coordinate systems defined in the standard for the head, root of the neck, pelvis and hand. General principles are stated for the establishment of corresponding anatomical coordinate systems for other skeletal body segments. (69401)

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CIS 97-1331 The effect of load carrying and floor contaminants on slip and fall parameters. Myung R., Smith J.L., Ergonomics, Feb. 1997, Vol.40, No.2, p.235-246. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

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In a study to provide set-up values of heel velocity for slip resistance testers, ten subjects walked at a fixed velocity on four different floor surfaces while carrying five different loads. A programmable slip resistance tester was used to measure dynamic coefficient of friction with conventional set-up values for heel velocity. The conventional set-up value was valid for dry floors, but was too low on oily floors, where decreased stride length resulted in faster transfer of body weight. Different set-up values for dry and oily floors are proposed. (69462)

CIS 97-1332 Toward a quantitative definition of manual lifting postures. Burgess-Limerick R., Abernethy B., Human Factors, Mar. 1997, Vol.39, No.1, p.141-148. Illus. 23 ref. (In English)

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A postural index is proposed to define the postures adopted at the start of lifting. The index represents the ratio of knee flexion from normal standing to the sum of ankle, hip and lumbar vertebral flexion. Stooped postures correspond to values close to 0, and squat postures to values close to 1. The approach was tested on a group of 71 individuals performing lifts. While average absolute joint values were influenced by load mass and initial load height, the average postural index remained unchanged. The index provides a method of defining lifting posture that is independent of specific joint positions. (69465)

CIS 97-1333 Accidents that occur in spite of safety devices - Who is at fault: Users or planners?. (German: Unfälle trotz Schutzeinrichtungen. Fehler der Benutzer oder Fehler der Planer?) Meisenbach J., Die BG, Oct. 1996, No.10, p.680-683. Illus. (In German)

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This article describes an accident in which a worker was severely injured. The worker did not use the emergency stop device of an automatic welding machine to restore a halted flow of material. This accident is used to illustrate mistakes made by the designers of machines and safety devices. The major goal should be a design of safety devices which ease machine operation rather than make it more difficult. A user-friendly design induces workers to obey safety instructions and use safety devices. In addition, it is recommended to check the use of safety devices and the regular application of safe working methods by the workers. (69413)

CIS 97-1334 Cooling the breathing air in an oxygen mask. (Japanese: Sanso kokyūki no kyūki reikyaku ni tsuite) Mori M., Journal of ISRP Japan Section - Respiratory Protection, 25 Dec. 1996, Vol.11, No.1, p.9-13. Illus. (In Japanese)

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The temperature of the breathing air in an oxygen mask usually goes up when carbon dioxide in the closed air circuit is absorbed by the chemical sorbent in the system. This temperature rise has a negative effect on the wearer's working capability. Although there are many ways to reduce this temperature rise, use of ice is best because ice has a high heat-absorbing capacity, is inexpensive and is widely available. This paper describes a new design for an ice-cooled system and its performance. (69563)

CIS 97-1335 Erecting of scaffolds: A concern for occupational medicine as well. (German: Gerüstbau - auch ein Thema für die Arbeitsmedizin) Schmitt, Mitteilungen der Bau-Berufsgenossenschaft Frankfurt am Main, 1st Quarter 1996, No.1, p.17-19. Illus. (In German)

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Workers who set up or work on scaffolds have to have a stable circulatory system, good vision and be free from vertigo. Such workers may have to work in confined space at great heights. They have to carry, lift and hold heavy loads in straining work postures. The heavy load lifting and carrying work raises the blood pressure as well as strains the spinal column, neck and shoulders. In order to ease the burdens caused by this kind of construction work it is recommended to use fork-lift trucks, truck-mounted cranes and goods lifts as much as possible to ease the load carrying and lifting tasks. In addition, a healthy diet and physical exercise are recommended to counteract the effects of the heavy construction work. (69418)

CIS 97-1336 Prevention of accidents caused by the reversing of moving machines. (French: Prévention des accidents causés par le recul des engins mobiles) Fernandez J.C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2045-166-97, p.143-156. Illus. 12 ref. (In French)

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Analysis of accidents caused by the reversing of moving machines, in particular on construction sites (e.g. dumpers, loaders, graders, scrapers, bulldozers, power shovels, trucks, tractors). Description of the most common driving aids and presentation of recommendations concerning machine design and worksite organization. (69429)

CIS 97-1337 Protection against falls from supporting structures used in conventional concrete bridge construction. (German: Absturzsicherung an Traggerüsten für den konventionellen Betonbrückenbau) Pardey A., Tiefbau, Mar. 1996, Vol.108, No.3, p.150-156, 159-163. Illus. 7 ref. (In German)

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Falls from heights are as frequent in bridge building as in the building industry in Germany as is shown by statistical data collected between 1986 and 1993. A survey is given of the risks of falls from heights at the various stages of conventional, prestressed concrete bridge construction. Falls from heights occur mostly during the erection of temporary support structures and concrete formwork for bridge superstructures. Appropriate fall arresting screens and protective scaffolds are described. (69582)

CIS 97-1338 Literature review of the fracture properties of Grade A ship plate. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. vii, 116p. Illus. 92 ref. Price: GBP 30.00., ISBN 0-7176-1339-9 (In English)

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This literature survey describes factors affecting the structural integrity of ships, and examines approaches to fracture control in welded steel ships, fracture initiation toughness, and fracture propagation and arrest. Findings show that owing to the distinct possibility of fracture initiation in a ship structure, both initiation and arrest toughness are required. While the initiation toughness of Grade A plate is generally adequate, crack arrest toughness is likely to be inadequate in the event of initiation of a large fast running crack. (69359)

CIS 97-1339 Analysis of acceleration data for containment on fairground rides. Jackson J.A., Ward T., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 12p. Illus. 1 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1345-3 (In English)

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This report describes a method for the assessment of amusement ride acceleration data in terms of passenger motion. Data acquisition techniques are described along with ride acceleration data analysis, and prediction of passenger motion and containment system requirements. The analysis methods are demonstrated using data from a log flume type ride. (69478)

CIS 97-1340 Thickness effect in 'relatively thin' welded joints. Gurney T.R., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 33p. 31 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-0978-2 (In English)

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This report describes a study to establish the influence of the thickness of welded joints on fatigue strength over the thickness range 12-26mm. Analysis of test results obtained from a literature survey confirms that the thickness effect can be extended back to at least 16mm (the base thickness recommended in published fatigue guidance). Amended version of CIS 96-1051. (69479)

CIS 97-1341 Energy absorbers for tree surgeons: An investigation of fall distances for tree climbers equipped with sit harness or with full harness. Crawford H., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. iii, 46p. Illus. 6 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1016-0 (In English)

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This report presents the results of an investigation into fall heights and fall arrest forces for tree climbers. It focuses on the suitability of tree climbers' harnesses in relation to the fall arrest hazard. The study involved a literature survey, and a drop test programme. Results of the test programme provide a set of guidelines relating to situations suitable for a sit harness, a full harness, and a full harness with energy absorber. Recommendations are also given for developments in full harness design. (69297)

CIS 97-1342 Conditions affecting roll-over of road tankers. van Manen P., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. 55p. Illus. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-1136-1 (In English)

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This study of road tanker roll-overs in the United Kingdom involved a survey of operators and manufacturers, and computer simulations of vehicles involved in cornering manoeuvres. The survey indicated an average annual rate of one semi-trailer roll-over for every 3000 vehicles in operation. Hauliers of petroleum products using certain trailer combinations exceeded these average rates. Computer simulations indicated little difference in the roll stabilities of different road tankers, suggesting that factors relating to the driver's perception of safety should also be taken into account. (69298)

CIS 97-1343 Safety in intermodal transport and traffic - The harbour interface. (German: Sicherheit beim intermodalen Transport und Verkehr - Schnittstelle Hafen) Boels D., Pauk W., Steinoff A., Behörde für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, eds., Edition Temmen, Hohenlohestr. 21, 28209 Bremen, Germany, 1996. 164p. Illus., ISBN 3-86108-705-7 (In English, German)

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Proceedings of a symposium held in Hamburg, Germany (27-29 Nov. 1995) on safety in intermodal transport and traffic in harbours covers: safe routing of traffic in harbours; pavements, traffic signs, lighting of service roads in harbours; safe loading and unloading of containers; design of container terminals; safe operation of industrial trucks in harbour buildings. In addition to contributions from Germany, there were presentations by experts from the Netherlands, Denmark and Latvia. (69417)

CIS 97-1344 Road tanker design - Resistance to accidental damage. Dorn M.R., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. 49p. Illus. 4 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-1133-7 (In English)

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This report presents the results of a study to investigate the impact resistance of road tankers for the carriage of dangerous goods. Computer simulations of a representative 38 tonne road tanker were carried out in various impact scenarios. Results indicate that a typical modern tanker (5mm aluminium alloy wall) would be highly susceptible to rupture from the localized high energy impacts modelled. The effects of changes to tank thickness, material and baffle spacing were also examined, and a form of tank side protection was considered. (69476)

CIS 97-1345 High-lift rider trucks - Overhead guards - Specification and testing. (French: Chariots de manutention à grande levée à conducteur porté - Protège-conducteurs - Spécifications et essais) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1997. ii, 4p. Illus. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies the requirements and test methods for overhead guards for any type of high-lift rider truck with a lift height exceeding 1800mm. (69406)

CIS 97-1346 Gas cylinders - 25E taper thread for connection of valves to gas cylinders - Inspection gauges. (French: Bouteilles à gaz - Filetages coniques 25E pour le raccordement des robinets sur les bouteilles à gaz - Calibres de vérification) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1997. iv, 12p. Illus. (In English, French)

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This international standard specifies types, dimensions and principles of use of gauges, to be used in conjunction with the taper thread specified in ISO 10920 (CIS 97-1312). Annexes: examples of calculations for thread gauge dimensions on the large end diameter; limitations of the gauging system specified. (69408)

CIS 97-1347 Single-flue steel industrial chimneys - Inspection and maintenance. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. 8p. 8 ref. Price: GBP 4.00., ISBN 0-7176-1329-1 (In English)

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This guidance note reviews the necessity for, and methods of, carrying out inspections of single-flue steel industrial chimneys. Contents: frailty of single-flue steel chimneys and consequences of collapse; causes of deterioration in steel chimneys (lack of inspection and maintenance, poor design); legal duties of owners; planning and implementation of an inspection; competencies of inspectors; inspection cycles. In appendices: high risk chimneys; recording defects; principal items to be inspected; factors affecting the life of a chimney. (69305)

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CIS 97-1348 Development and evaluation of an inhalable bioaerosol manifold sampler. Gao P., Dillon H.K., Farthing W.E., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1997, Vol.58, No.3, p.196-206. Illus. 48 ref. (In English)

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A bioaerosol manifold sampler was developed with the following design features: flexibility in the choice of the aerosol sizing characteristics (including the selective sampling of the inhalable fraction); collection efficiencies independent of wind speed and direction; the ability to sample sequentially; and the ability to use filter discs for bioaerosol collection. Evaluation of the sampler by wind tunnel experiments and field tests showed that the device allows replicate and sequential particle samples to be taken in the inhalable size range for bioaerosols and other environmental dusts. The device offers several advantages over other bioaerosol samplers. (69494)

CIS 97-1349 Nonhuman primate spumavirus infections among persons with occupational exposure - United States, 1996. Neumann-Haefelin D., Schweizer M., Journal of the American Medical Association, 12 Mar. 1997, Vol.277, No.10, p.783-785. (In English)

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A serosurvey of workers potentially exposed to simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) identified SIV seroreactivity in samples from three workers who had worked with nonhuman primates for several years. Laboratory findings and case reports of the three infections are presented. Results indicate that SIVs from nonhuman primates can persistently infect exposed humans and may or may not cause disease or be transmitted among humans. Article reproduced from MMWR 1997; 46:110-111 of the US Centers for Disease Control. (69328)

CIS 97-1350 Are glycopeptide-resistant enterococci in animals a threat to human beings?. Das I., Fraise A., Wise R., Lancet, 5 Apr. 1997, Vol.349, No.9057, p.997-998. 5 ref. (In English)

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A brief case study is presented of a truck driver who suffered a compound fracture of the femur while working in a chicken-packaging factory. Tests showed that the wound was infected with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), commonly found in animals treated with a glycopeptide growth promoter (avoparcin). Identification of VRE in the chicken factory suggests that the infection was transmitted from the poultry. (69329)

CIS 97-1351 Allergy to Asteraceae (Compositae) in the horticultural region of Erfurt. (German: Allergie auf Asteraceae (Compositae) im Gartenbaugebiet Erfurt) Schubert H.J., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, Nov.-Dec.1995, Vol.43, No.6, p.257-261. Illus. 15 ref. (In German)

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All cases of skin diseases caused by contact with plants recorded in Erfurt, Germany, between 1973 and 1992 were re-evaluated. Included in the evaluation were all 86 cases of occupational dermatoses among horticulturists in Erfurt during that period. Of all plants involved in skin allergies, chrysanthemums cause the highest number of skin allergies. Horticulturists were affected most. It is assumed that a high exposure to allergens occurs when cuttings are taken for propagation of the chrysanthemums and when the plants are disbudded to obtain large flowers. The allergens are contained in the leaf and stem cells of the chrysanthemums and are lipid soluble so that they can easily penetrate into the skin. (69586)

CIS 97-1352 Microbiological safety cabinets - Description, performance evaluation and use. (French: Les postes de sécurité microbiologique - Description, évaluation des performances, exploitation) Cornu J.C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2042-166-97, p.69-89. Illus. 27 ref. (In French)

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This article describes types I, II and III of microbiological safety cabinets (MSCs) and analyzes their uses and performance criteria, as well as the testing methods applicable to each type. It also offers guidelines for the installation, use and maintenance of the three types of MSCs, emphasizing the need for more thorough and elaborated on-site testing. Standards and regulations applicable to the use of MSCs are included. (69426)

CIS 97-1353 Cutaneous infection in meatworkers. Lillington T., Shanahan E.M., Occupational Medicine, May 1997, Vol.47, No.4, p.197-202. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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A study of the incident rates of cutaneous infection in an abattoir in Adelaide, South Australia showed that such infections were common (overall incidence density 0.65 per 1,000 person-days). Infection rates were greatest among workers handling hides frequently, particularly slaughterers, whose work involved handling dirty hides using knives with no hand protection. Results suggest that while laceration is not always associated with infection, hide handling predisposes workers to infection. Recommendations for infection control are put forward. (69486)

CIS 97-1354 Hazard of infection with Helicobacter pylori in the health services. (German: Berufliche Infektionsgefährdung durch Helicobacter pylori im Gesundheitsdienst) Schmid K., Weber A., Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Umweltmedizin, May 1996, Vol.31, No.5, p.203-209. 44 ref. (In German)

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Helicobacter pylori are pathogenic bacteria which can cause gastritis, ulceration of the mucous membrane of the stomach and stomach carcinoma. This literature survey reveals that personnel in gastroenterological clinics and nursing personnel may face a higher infection risk with Helicobacter pylori. Endoscopes, gastric secretion and faeces appear to be the main sources of infection. Because present results of epidemiologic studies are contradictory and inconclusive, inclusion of Helicobacter pylori infections in the list of occupational diseases is considered premature. Further studies are recommended. (69585)

CIS 97-1355 Microorganisms in the working environment. (Swedish: Mikroorganismer i arbetsmiljön) Alvarez de Davila E., Nilsson M., Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden, 1997. 64p. Illus. 45 ref., ISBN 91-7522-550-6 (In Swedish)

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This textbook describes the occurrence and exposure levels of microorganisms and their toxins in different working environments (primarily in industry). It gives a brief description of different symptoms and diseases (respiratory diseases, allergies, reduction in lung functions) caused by microorganisms and in which kind of work these effects might occur. An outline of contemporary sampling and analytical methods is given. Sampling strategy, analytical equipment, sources of error and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods are described. Appropriate preventive measures are recommended for different working environments. (69546)

CIS 97-1356 Working safely with research animals: Management of infection risks. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, July 1997. vi, 55p. 17 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-1377-1 (In English)

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Recommendations for the prevention of infections due to contact with laboratory animals. Contents: survey of the hazards (with a table presenting the specific diseases (zoonoses) spread by different species of laboratory animals); control measures - containment and operating procedures; Animal Containment Levels 1-4; decontamination and waste disposal. In appendices: legislation (in the UK) and local rules; information, instruction and training; emergency procedures; genetic modification; containment of invertebrates. (69555)

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CIS 97-1357 A field methodology for ergonomic analysis in occupational manual materials handling. Capodaglio P., Capodaglio E.M., Bazzini G., Applied Ergonomics, June 1997, Vol.28, No.3, p.203-208. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

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Video recordings were made of six industrial workers during their routine occupational tasks. The recordings were analyzed with appropriate software to determine the musculoskeletal load and to evaluate energy expenditure. The subjects' oxygen consumption was also measured during the same activities using a portable telemetric oxygen uptake analyzer. No significant differences were found between direct measurements of oxygen consumption and the computerized estimates of energy expenditure. This computerized approach allows fast and reliable determination of job requirements without interfering with workers' activities. (69447)

CIS 97-1358 Maximal physical work performance with European standard based fire-protective clothing system and equipment in relation to individual characteristics. Louhevaara V., et al., European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1995, Vol.71, p.223-229. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of fire-protective clothing designed to fulfil European standard EN 469 used over standardized (Nordic) clothing and a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) on maximal physical work performance. Twelve healthy firemen aged 26-46 years were examined. The maximal tests without (control) and with the fire-protective clothing system and SCBA were carried out on a treadmill in a thermoneutral environment. When compared to the control test, the decrease in the maximal power output in terms of maximal working time and walking speed averaged 25%, varying from 18% to 34% with the fire-protective clothing system and the SCBA. At maximum, no significant differences were found in pulmonary ventilation, absolute oxygen consumption, the respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, the rate-pressure product, mechanical efficiency and the rating of perceived exertion between the tests with and without the tested equipment. The reduction in power output was related to the extra mass of the fire-protective clothing and the SCBA. In physically demanding fire fighting and rescue work all possible means to decrease the mass of both the protective clothing and SCBA need to be considered for maintaining sufficient power output. (69556)

CIS 97-1359 Design of "Intelligent buildings" with improved use of daylight. (German: "Intelligent Building" durch verbesserte Tageslichtnutzung) Köster H., Licht, Aug. 1996, Vol.48, No.7-8, p.588-596. Illus. 22 ref. (In German)

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An innovative method of better using the daylight in buildings is described. The new natural lighting system takes into account the different needs of homes and offices. In offices attention is paid to providing visual comfort at work on visual display terminals. Special, patented mirrors are used to control solar radiation in summer and provide better use of it in winter. With these mirrors the daylight is directed to locations distant from the window. Solar radiation can be guided towards building structures such as concrete floor slabs which are capable of storing thermal energy. (69589)

CIS 97-1360 Contrast threshold changes during a long working session on visual display terminals. (French: Variations du seuil de contraste au cours d'un travail de longue durée sur écran de visualisation) Salsi S., et al., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1997, No.167, Note No.2051-167-97, p.275-284. Illus. 31 ref. (In French)

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In order to evaluate the visual fatigue due to work on visual display units (VDUs), a contrast-threshold measurement method was developed. An experimental VDU workstation was set up in a laboratory. Test subjects performed data control tasks for a period of 3h. During this exercise, contrast thresholds, functional performance in a serial perceptual discrimination test and cerebral activity (by electroencephalogram) were measured every 30min. It is shown that contrast threshold increases may constitute an early warning sign of visual fatigue in VDU work. (69606)

CIS 97-1361 Analysis and improvement of work postures in the building industry: Application of the computerised OWAS method. Kivi P., Mattila M., Applied Ergonomics, Feb. 1991, Vol.22, No.1, p.43-48. Illus. 18 ref. (In English)

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The Ovako Working Posture Analysing System (OWAS) was used to analyze work postures at 7 different sites of a building company. The method uses a four-digit code to describe the position of the back, arms and legs, and the need for force. 12 jobs involving 39 essential tasks were selected for observation. The use of the method in building construction is described along with the development of a portable computer system for coding and analysis, improvement of work postures identified as poor, and use of the results as part of an ergonomics training programme. (69394)

CIS 97-1362 The pattern of gripping force during bus driving. Pórszász J., et al., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1997, Vol.3, No.1, p.67-80. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

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Electromyogram (EMG) recordings of the long finger flexors were carried out on four bus drivers while driving a vehicle with a power steering system under different experimental setups. The gripping forces followed an impulsive pattern with peak values less than the ergonomically allowed long-term limit for gripping force, and with an average duration of less than 4 to 6 seconds. It is concluded that the level of strain on the finger flexors while driving this type of vehicle is not sufficient to contribute to the clinical signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. (69384)

CIS 97-1363 The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia: Report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee. Wolfe F., et al., Arthritis and Rheumatism, Feb. 1990, Vol.33, No.2, p.160-172. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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To develop criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia, 293 patients with fibromyalgia and 265 control patients with other rheumatic conditions were studied. Investigations included interview data, dolorimetry, tender point examination and skinfold tenderness. Widespread pain was found in 97.6% of all patients with fibromyalgia and in 69.1% of all controls. The combination of widespread pain and mild or greater tenderness in ≥11 of 18 tender point sites yielded a sensitivity of 88.4% and a specificity of 81.1%. The newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are widespread pain in combination with tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites. (69334)

CIS 97-1364 Incidence of tenosynovitis or peritendinitis and epicondylitis in a meat-processing factory. Kurppa K., et al., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 1991, Vol.17, p.32-37. 21 ref. (In English)

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A 31-month follow-up study was conducted among 377 workers in strenuous manual jobs and 338 workers in manually nonstrenuous jobs in a large meat-processing factory. Clinically diagnosed tenosynovitis or peritendinitis occurred 143 times, and epicondylitis 68 times. The annual incidence of tenosynovitis or peritendinitis was less than 1% for employees in nonstrenuous jobs, 25.3% for female packers, 16.8% for female sausage makers and 12.5% for male meatcutters. The annual incidence of epicondylitis was about 1% for employees in nonstrenuous jobs, and between 11.3% and 6.4% for sausage makers, packers and meatcutters. Workers typically resumed their jobs after returning from sick leave and job transfers were rare. (69338)

CIS 97-1365 The integration of employees with disabilities in Germany and the importance of workplace design. Wieland K., Ramsauer F., Kreis G., Disability and Rehabilitation, Aug. 1996, Vol.18, No.8, p.429-438. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Current goals of rehabilitation, as well as the legal and institutional framework for the integration and reintegration of people with disabilities in Germany are discussed. The protection of people with severe disabilities and compensation for disadvantage are examined together with the companies' tasks and goals. An important condition for the success of integration is ergonomic workplace design that takes the needs of employees with disabilities into account. (69433)

CIS 97-1366 Applying epidemiological principles to ergonomics: A checklist for incorporating sound design and interpretation of studies. Heacock H., Koehoorn M., Tan J., Applied Ergonomics, June 1997, Vol.28, No.3, p.165-172. 39 ref. (In English)

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A checklist, based on criteria from the epidemiology field, is presented for use by ergonomics researchers in the design and publication of research, and for use by ergonomics practitioners when assessing recommendations in ergonomics literature. The checklist contains 14 questions in 11 key areas necessary for sound design and interpretation of studies. Assessment of the checklist using a sample of 21 studies on the use of video display terminals and visual function showed good inter-rater reliability in 11 of the 14 questions. Further testing and refinement of the checklist is recommended. (69446)

CIS 97-1367 Minimizing fatigue during repetitive jobs: Optimal work-rest schedules. Wood D.D., Fisher D.L., Andres R.O., Human Factors, Mar. 1997, Vol.39, No.1, p.83-101. 37 ref. (In English)

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Grip strength was measured using a hand dynamometer for 20 women performing tasks consistent with different work-rest schedules (a low-, medium, and high-force schedule). The amount of physiological work remained constant across all schedules. The fatigue that developed in the medium-force schedule was significantly lower than that developed in either the low- or high-force schedule. A model was developed to predict work-rest schedules that minimize fatigue in a given repetitive job, thereby potentially increasing productivity and reducing the incidence of cumulative trauma disorders. (69464)

CIS 97-1368 Workload evaluation and countermeasures in a company. (Japanese: Kigyō ni okeru sagyō futan no hyōka to taisaku) Koide I., Journal of Industrial Hygiene of Japan - Rōdō eisei kōgaku, 28 June 1996, No.35, p.23-31. Illus. (In Japanese)

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A workload assessment technique known by the acronym GULHEMP was adapted for use by a large Japanese automobile company. The name stands for "General physique", "Upper body", "Lower body", "Hearing", "Eyesight", "Mentality" and "Personality". The modified technique treats the hands and arms separately, and divides "lower body" into "lumbar region" and "legs/feet". Numerical scores under each heading reflect the impact of working conditions on the worker. This facilitates the identification of problems and the choice of solutions. Another quantitative measure was developed: the "Toyota Verification of Assembly Line" (TVAL). This reflects the physical effort and duration of a task, and has likewise been used for process improvements. (69561)

CIS 97-1369 Considerations about office chairs. (Spanish: Consideraciones para las sillas de oficina) Gamboa J.I., Protección y seguridad, July-Aug. 1996, Vol.43, No.248, p.24-27. Illus. 1 ref. (In Spanish)

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Ergonomic aspects of office chairs are discussed. Problems of sitting posture, tips on how to select the appropriate chair, chair characteristics according to user's needs and positive impact of an ergonomic sitting posture are presented. (69614)

CIS 97-1370 Permanent night shift and health: Study on a sample of workers from a general hospital. (Spanish: Turno permanente de noche y salud: estudio en una muestra de trabajadores de un hospital general) Araúxo Vilar A., et al., Mapfre seguridad, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.63, p.15-23; 85-88 (English summary). Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Spanish)

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This article presents the results of a study on health hazards of permanent night shift in hospital work. One hundred sixty five subjects (29 from the morning shift, 71 from the afternoon shift and 65 from the night shift) from the paramedical personnel of a general hospital in Barcelona, Spain, participated in the study. Different questionnaires were handed out. Attention tests, interviews and work-station evaluation were performed. Night workers reported severe consequences of the work shift in their general health (digestive, cardiovascular and osteoarticular disturbances), sleep pattern, work performance and social/familiar relationship. In addition, they consumed more toxic substances in relation to work. (Summary in English). (69618)

CIS 97-1371 Occupationally related ultrasonic findings in carpet and floor layers' knees. Kivimäki J., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Dec. 1992, Vol.18, No.6, p.400-402. 9 ref. (In English)

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Soft tissue changes in the anterior aspect of the knee were evaluated with ultrasonography among 96 randomly selected carpet and floor layers and 72 house painters. The ultrasonography showed thickening of the prepatellar or superficial infrapatellar bursa in 49% of the carpet and floor layers and 7% of the painters. Fluid collection in the prepatellar or superficial infrapatellar bursa was noted for 10 carpet and floor layers, and this ultrasonographic finding was associated with knee pain in kneeling postures. (69331)

CIS 97-1372 A conceptual model for work-related neck and upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. Armstrong T.J., et al., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1993, Vol.19, No.2, p.73-84. 99 ref. (In English)

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A dose-response model is proposed to account for the factors and processes that result in work-related neck and upper limb disorders. It is based on four sets of interacting variables: exposure, dose, capacity and response. The model is used as a framework for discussing the development of work-related muscle, tendon and nerve disorders. The proposed model may be used in the design of studies on the aetiology and pathomechanisms of these disorders, as well as in the planning and evaluation of preventive programmes. (69332)

CIS 97-1373 Function, structure and responses of components of the muscle-tendon unit. Moore J.S., Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, Oct.-Dec. 1992, Vol.7, No.4, p.713-740. Illus. 95 ref. (In English)

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The structure and function of each of the components of the muscle-tendon unit are reviewed, and the response of these components to strain is examined. It is concluded that the term tendinitis is vague and nonspecific. A variety of distinct clinical entities associated with the various components of the muscle-tendon unit are identified which are often included in the term tendinitis. Each of these entities has unique characteristics and aetiologic factors. Most of them bear some direct relationship to biomechanical factors, such as compression or strain, as well as to work organization factors. (69333)

CIS 97-1374 Writer's cramp. Marsden C.D., Sheehy M.P., Trends in Neurosciences, 1990, Vol.13, No.4, p.148-153. Illus. 37 ref. (In English)

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Data on the aetiology, clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment of writer's cramp and analogous occupational cramps are reviewed. Clinical features include muscle spasm when the patient starts to write, and tension or discomfort in the fingers and forearm, or in the upper arm and shoulder. Neurophysiological studies indicate that writer's cramp is a focal motor disorder, with a close relation to dystonia. Focal dystonias observed among musicians are similar to writer's cramp and are probably of similar origin. Treatments such as drug therapy, hypnotherapy and behavioural techniques have so far produced disappointing results. (69335)

CIS 97-1375 Guidelines and audit measures for the specialist supervision of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, Jan. 1992, Vol.26, No.1, p.76-82. 38 ref. (In English)

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These guidelines were prepared by a joint working group of the British Society for Rheumatology and the Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians. They cover: diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis; epidemiology; resources required for management; basic clinical and laboratory information; general principles of medical management; symptomatic treatment; treatment with slow-acting antirheumatic drugs; cytotoxic drugs and steroids; special problems in the management of late disease; supportive therapy and education; assessing disease progression; provision of aids and appliances; the place of surgery; outcome measures; medical audit. (69336)

CIS 97-1376 The epidemiology of ankylosing spondylitis. Gran J.T., Husby G., Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism, Apr. 1993, Vol.22, No.5, p.319-334. 87 ref. (In English)

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This review focuses on the epidemiological aspects of ankylosing spondylitis, an inflammatory disease affecting predominantly the sacroiliac joints, the spine and the peripheral joints. Diagnostic criteria are described, and studies of the prevalence of the disease based on hospital records and population surveys are reviewed. The role of genetic factors, in particular the presence of HLA B27, is also discussed. Further studies are required to determine the aetiopathogenesis of this disease. (69337)

CIS 97-1377 Disorders in taste and smell. Mott A.E., Leopold D.A., Medical Clinics of North America, Nov. 1991, Vol.75, No.6, p.1321-1353. Illus. 248 ref. (In English)

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This literature survey covers disorders of chemosensation (perception of smells, perception of taste, common chemical sense (irritation or pungency)). Topics covered: anatomy and physiology of the oral/nasal chemosensory systems; definition of chemosensory terms; initial evaluation of patient; diagnosis and treatment of the causes of chemosensory disorders (nasal/sinus disease, post upper respiratory tract infection, head trauma). Tables list other conditions and medications associated with disorders of taste and smell. (69356)

CIS 97-1378 Sensory reactions of nasal pungency and odor to volatile organic compounds: The alkylbenzenes. Cometto-Muñiz J.E., Cain W.S., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1994, Vol.55, No.9, p.811-817. 45 ref. (In English)

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Nasal detection thresholds to alkylbenzenes, chlorobenzene, 1-octene and 1-octyne were measured in subjects clinically diagnosed as lacking a functional sense of smell (anosmics) and in matched normal controls (normosmics). There was a strong linear correlation between pungency thresholds and saturated vapour concentration for all tested compounds. Odour threshold generally failed to show this relationship. Results suggest that nasal pungency from these substances relies heavily on a broadly tuned physicochemical interaction with susceptible mucosal structure. Low levels of a wide variety of volatile organic compounds of low reactivity (as found in many polluted indoor spaces) could add their sensory impact to precipitate noticeable sensory irritation. (69358)

CIS 97-1379 Prediction of survival time at sea based on observed body cooling rates. Tikuisis P., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, May 1997, Vol.68, No.5, p.441-448. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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A model for the prediction of survival time at sea is developed based on observed deep body cooling rates under various wet/cold immersion and non-immersion conditions. The model is then applied to predictions under much broader conditions and is also extended to simulate partial immersion and to include wetness/leakage of insulative garments. While the predictions should be considered as speculative and subject to change as better information becomes available, the model can be useful as a decision aid. (69386)

CIS 97-1380 The prevalence of occupational overuse syndrome among Australian Sign Language interpreters. Madden M., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, June 1995, Vol.11, No.3, p.257-263. 14 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of occupational overuse syndrome (OOS) in 104 Australian Sign Language (Auslan) interpreters. Among diagnosed conditions: carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar nerve entrapment, epicondylitis and other upper extremities disorders were reported. Several hypotheses were put forward to explain the incidence of OOS, reaching the conclusion that the group most at risk is that of full-time sign-language interpreters employed for more than four years. Suggestions are as to how to avoid the further spread of OOS in this occupational group. (69438)

CIS 97-1381 Physical load in ship maintenance: Hazard evaluation by means of a workplace survey. van Wendel de Joode B., Burdorf A., Verspuy C., Applied Ergonomics, June 1997, Vol.28, No.3, p.213-219. 14 ref. (In English)

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In a survey of 32 ship maintenance workers, postural load was measured by the Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS). Common problems included awkward postures of the back and stress on the neck/shoulder region. Forceful exertions during lifting, pushing and pulling activities sometimes exceeded published guidelines. Determinants of physical load were identified and a hazard evaluation procedure was designed to weight various patterns of physical load. While the overall physical load of ship maintenance workers compares well with other strenuous occupations, the work is characterized by frequent awkward postures and exertion of large forces. (69448)

CIS 97-1382 Chronic fatigue syndrome and occupational health. Mounstephen A., Sharpe M., Occupational Medicine, May 1997, Vol.47, No.4, p.217-227. 83 ref. (In English)

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The nature and definition of chronic fatigue syndrome are reviewed and current views on its causation and management are discussed. Biological, psychological and social causal factors are examined and a practical approach to patient assessment, diagnosis and management is put forward. Implications for occupational health practice are discussed, in particular, the potential effects of the Disability Discrimination Act. It is argued that despite the continuing controversy about the status, aetiology and optimum management of this syndrome, much can be done to improve the outcome for patients. (69488)

CIS 97-1383 Visual localization within single geometric planes of a space habitat. Tafforin C., Campan R., Imbert C., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1997, Vol.68, No.3, p.192-198. Illus. 23 ref. (In English)

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This study investigated the way in which human subjects capture and restore visual information configuring a 3-dimensional (3D) environment in order to construct an adequate mental representation of space. Nine subjects were asked to localize a light point appearing for 3s in different spatial positions and for different tilt angles in a line drawing representing the 3D configuration of a space module. Results showed that the variations of the average point-localizing errors depended on both the tilt angles and the point positions. It is concluded that visual localization in single geometric planes is orientation-dependent. (69491)

CIS 97-1384 Modeling the effects of exercise during 100% oxygen prebreathe on the risk of hypobaric decompression sickness. Loftin K.C., Conkin J., Powell M.R., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1997, Vol.68, No.3, p.199-204. 23 ref. (In English)

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Previous studies on the effect of exercise during oxygen prebreathe on the incidence of hypobaric decompression sickness (DCS) were analyzed, and a statistical model was developed as a predictive tool for DCS. A dose-response probability tissue ratio (TR) model was created for two groups: prebreathe with exercise and resting prebreathe. Results suggested that exercise during prebreathe increases tissue perfusion and nitrogen elimination approximately 2-fold and markedly lowers the risk of DCS. The model provides a useful planning tool for developing appropriate prebreathe exercise protocols and for predicting DCS for astronauts. (69492)

CIS 97-1385 Long-term back problems and physical work exposures in the 1990 Ontario Health Survey. Liira J.P., et al., American Journal of Public Health, Mar. 1996, Vol.86, No.3, p.382-387. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

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This study examined the relationship of work exposures to long-term back problems in a population survey. Data from a representative population sample of the province of Ontario (Canada) from a 1990 survey were analyzed. In working-age adults the prevalence of long-term back problems was 7.8% and increased with age. These problems were more prevalent in blue-collar occupations and among those not working, as well as among people with less formal education, smokers and those overweight. Awkward postures, working with vibrating vehicles or equipment, and bending and lifting were all associated with a greater risk of back problems. The main conclusion was that about one quarter of the excess back pain morbidity in the working population could be explained by physical work exposure. (69557)

CIS 97-1386 Terminology of ergonomics. DIN German Institute for Standardization, Terminology Office, 10772 Berlin, Germany, Nov. 1996. 119p. (In English)

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This standard comprises a survey of terminology in the field of ergonomics compiled from European Standards CEN/TC 122 and International Standards ISO/TC 159. Terms are arranged alphabetically in English with definitions in English, French and German. Indexes are provided in German/English and French/English. (69400)

CIS 97-1387 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 1: General introduction. (French: Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux à écrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 1: Introduction générale) International Organization for Standardization, Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 2nd ed., 1997. iv, 7p. 5 ref. (In English, French)

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Part 1 of this international standard introduces the multipart standard on ergonomic requirements for the use of visual display terminals for office tasks; provides guidelines for user-performance approach; gives an overview of all parts of ISO 9241 currently published and of the anticipated content of those in preparation; provides some guidance on how to use ISO 9241; describes how conformance to ISO 9241 should be reported. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9241-1:1992 - CIS 94-388). (69405)

CIS 97-1388 Basic human body measurements for technological design. International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Case postale 56, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1996. 21p. Illus. 3 ref. (In English)

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This International Standard provides a description of anthropometric measurements which can be used as a basis for the comparison of population groups. The basic list is intended to serve as a guide for ergonomists who are required to define population groups and apply their knowledge to the geometric design of the places where people work and live. This list is not intended to serve as a guide to the taking of anthropometric measurements, but only as a source of information to the ergonomist and designer on the anatomical and anthropometrical bases and principles of measurement which are applied in the solution of design tasks. This International Standard may be used in conjunction with national or international regulations or agreements to assure harmony in defining population groups. In its various applications, it is anticipated that the basic list will be supplemented by specific additional measurements. Contents: scope; definitions; measuring conditions; basic anthropometric measurements. (69594)

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CIS 97-1389 Clock on; breathe in; drop out. Gandham S., Safety and Health Practitioner, May 1997, Vol.15, No.5, p.20-23. Illus. 5 ref. (In English)

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Neurobehavioural effects associated with exposure to some workplace toxins are reviewed. Substances covered include: lead, mercury, manganese, carbon disulfide, organophosphorus compounds and organic solvents. Uses of the substances are described along with neuropsychiatric manifestations of exposure. The diagnosis and management of occupational psychiatric disorders is outlined, and the importance of early detection is emphasized. (69388)

CIS 97-1390 Factors that drivers say motivate safe driving practices. Williams A.F., Paek N.N., Lund A.K., Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.119-124. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

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An interview survey of 543 licensed drivers showed that these drivers rate themselves above average in terms of both driving skill and safe driving practices. Men tended to rate themselves more highly than women. Negative consequences, such as the potential for a car crash and increase in car insurance, were cited as important factors in increasing concern for safe driving. Increased enforcement and awareness of negative outcomes may be important in promoting safe driving practices. (69445)

CIS 97-1391 Perceived risk, safety status, and job stress among injured and noninjured employees on offshore petroleum installations. Rundmo T., Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.87-97. 19 ref. (In English)

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A survey of 915 employees from 5 companies on 8 offshore oil installations on the Norwegian Continental Shelf shows that the subjective evaluations of employees correspond quite well to the real risk. Employees who have suffered an injury themselves may feel more at risk, become more dissatisfied with safety and contingency measures, and experience more job stress than they did before the injury occurred. (69442)

CIS 97-1392 Cooperative dialogues during shift changeovers - Their value for the safety and reliability of production systems. (French: La relève de poste - Importance des dialogues coopératifs pour la fiabilité et la sécurité des systèmes de production) Grusenmeyer C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 1st Quarter 1997, No.166, Note No.2041-166-97, p.59-67. Illus. 44 ref. (In French)

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This paper proposes a method for the analysis of verbal communication during shift changeovers. This method allows to follow the development of dialogues, step by step, and enables the operators' representation to be described as the dialogues unfold. Dialogues observed in two industrial settings (paper manufacturing and nuclear power generation) are analyzed. It seems that verbal exchanges during shift changeovers constitute not only an information transfer which allows for continuity in the production process, but they also facilitate cooperative problem solving and improve the operators' skills. On this basis, proposals are made for the improvement of shift changeovers. (69425)

CIS 97-1393 Surprise and sense making: What newcomers experience in entering unfamiliar organizational settings. Louis M.R., Administrative Science Quarterly, June 1980, Vol.25, p.226-251. 101 ref. (In English)

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This article reviews research on approaches to organizational entry, identifies problems faced by newcomers and discusses limitations of current approaches. It also puts forward a new perspective identifying key features of newcomers' entry experiences, including surprise, contrast and change, and it describes the sense-making processes by which individuals cope with their entry experiences. The implications of the new perspective for research and practice on organizational entry are discussed. (69311)

CIS 97-1394 Longitudinal study of the effects of information seeking on newcomer socialization. Morrison E.W., Journal of Applied Psychology, 1993, Vol.78, No.2, p.173-183. 53 ref. (In English)

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Results of a questionnaire survey of 135 newly recruited staff in five large accounting firms suggest that by seeking information, organizational newcomers can facilitate the socialization process. The frequency with which new staff sought specific types of information during their first 6 months of employment was related to how well they had mastered their job, defined their role, learned about their organization's culture, and become socially integrated. In contrast to findings from research focusing on the organization's role in socialization, these findings suggest that newcomers are proactive information seekers who take an active role in adjusting to their new environment. (69312)

CIS 97-1395 Social support and newcomer adjustment in organizations: Attachment theory at work?. Nelson D.L., Quick J.C., Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1991, Vol.12, p.543-554. 44 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey of 91 newcomers to three separate organizations examined the effects of the availability and helpfulness of ten sources of social support on newcomers' reports of psychological distress, satisfaction, intention to leave, and on their supervisors' assessment of their performance rating. The availability of support activities such as offsite training and business trips was associated with decreased psychological symptoms. Helpfulness of various relationship supports were associated with positive adjustment. Results are discussed within the context of attachment theory and social support in work settings. (69313)

CIS 97-1396 Asymmetrical effects of positive and negative events: The mobilization-minimization hypothesis. Taylor S.E., Psychological Bulletin, 1991, Vol.110, No.1, p.67-85. 228 ref. (In English)

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Theoretical accounts of the mobilization-minimization response pattern are reviewed. Negative (adverse or threatening) events evoke strong and rapid physiological, cognitive, emotional and social responses. This mobilization of the organism is followed by physiological, cognitive and behavioural responses that damp down, minimize and even erase the impact of the event. This pattern of mobilization-minimization appears to be greater for negative events than for neutral or positive events. It is concluded that no single theoretical mechanism can explain the mobilization-minimization pattern, but that a family of integrated process models may account for the observed effects. (69314)

CIS 97-1397 Social support and adjustment to work: A longitudinal study. Fisher C.D., Journal of Management, 1985, Vol.11, No.3, p.39-53. 31 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey of 210 newly graduated nurses in their first six months on full-time hospital jobs examined the relationships between stress, social support from co-workers and supervisors, and outcomes at work. Results indicated that social support plays an important role in reducing the level of stress related to unmet expectations and in facilitating positive adjustment outcomes among newcomers. (69315)

CIS 97-1398 Leaders and followers in a postindustrial age: A psychodynamic view. Hirschhorn L., Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1990, Vol.26, No.4, p.529-542. 5 ref. (In English)

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This article explores the changing relationships between leaders and followers brought about by the pressures associated with postindustrial technological advancement. It is argued that leaders must become more vulnerable to their subordinates while continuing to support them, and that followers must learn to challenge their leaders while respecting their authority. A series of case studies is presented. In conclusion, as the workplace evolves towards a postindustrial age, leaders and followers must recognize their dependence on one another and their need to collaborate and bring more of their personal feelings to their roles. (69316)

CIS 97-1399 Posttraumatic stress disorder. Cotton P., Australian Safety News, Feb. 1997, Vol.68, No.1, p.44-47. Illus. (In English)

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Reviews the causes and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and provides guidelines for managing trauma responses: organizational factors (supportive management practice and positive working relationships with peers and supervisors); adequate access to targeted group debriefing; early access to professional intervention; monitoring incident occurrence and assessing the risk; worker training and education. (69318)

CIS 97-1400 Promoting smoking cessation at the workplace - Results of a randomized controlled intervention study. Sorensen G., Lando H., Pechacek T.F., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.35, No.2, p.121-126. 20 ref. (In English)

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In a study of a three-month smoking cessation programme, eight work sites were randomly assigned to an intervention or a comparison condition. The intervention programme included consultation for employers on the adoption of a nonsmoking policy, training for nonsmokers to provide assistance to smokers attempting to quit and cessation classes for smokers. Assessments carried out one and six months after the intervention was completed showed that smoking cessation rates were higher in the intervention companies than in the comparison companies. Cessation was highest among workers whose co-workers frequently asked them not to smoke, and among those who worked with a high proportion of nonsmokers. (69357)

CIS 97-1401 Value-managed mental health benefits. Burton W.N., Conti D.J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.33, No.3, p.311-313. 1 ref. (In English)

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A comprehensive programme of cost-effective mental health care services for employees of the First National Bank of Chicago and their dependents is described. The programme includes: an employee assistance programme; a review of psychiatric hospital utilization; access to consulting psychiatrists; and benefit plan design changes. A four-year follow-up investigation of the programme revealed management of overall mental health care costs, reduction in in-patient psychiatric hospitalization costs and reduction in the average length of psychiatric short-term disability episodes. (69395)

CIS 97-1402 Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work-family conflict with job and life satisfaction. Adams G.A., King L.A., King D.W., Journal of Applied Psychology, 1996, Vol.81, No.4, p.411-420. Illus. 46 ref. (In English)

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Relationships between work and family can have an important effect on job and life satisfaction and the level of involvement the worker assigns to work and family roles is associated with this relationship. The data of this study came from 163 workers, living with at least one family member. The participants were drawn from various occupational groups (managers, health care workers, educators and clerical workers). A model was set up, relating bidirectional work-family conflict, family instrumental and emotional social support, and job and family involvement to job and life satisfaction. Results suggested that the relationship between work and family can be simultaneously characterized by conflict and support. Higher levels of work interfering with family predicted lower levels of family emotional and instrumental support. Higher levels of family emotional and instrumental support were associated with lower levels of family interference with work. (69437)

CIS 97-1403 Violence: A study of armed hold-up over a four-year period in a single organization. Grainger C., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, June 1995, Vol.11, No.3, p.281-287. 18 ref. (In English)

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There is the need for armed hold-ups, as examples of workplace violence, to be recognized and thus receive greater attention. This study covered 30 robberies of a leisure company in Queensland (Australia) over a 4-year period (1990-1993). A questionnaire related to the stress and impact of the events was completed by 22 employees who had been victims of a hold-up during this period. Males acting alone or in pairs and, usually, armed were the perpetrators. Nineteen of the victims attended critical incident stress debriefing after the incident, and this practice was found to be valuable in reducing the effects of post-incident psychological trauma. Recommendations for prevention focused on a hierarchy of control: environmental and engineering controls, such as a reduction in the use of cash and reliance on the use of security firms for the transportation of valuables. Training of staff to familiarize them with the normal processes of grief and trauma is also recommended. (69439)

CIS 97-1404 Group influences upon preferences for personal protection: A simulation study. Bradley G.L., Journal of Safety Research, Summer 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.99-105. 22 ref. (In English)

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In a study of the influences of work groups on safety-related behaviour, 96 subjects were asked to select, from a range of 7 graded options, the level of personal protection they would adopt while performing a series of mechanical operations under adverse conditions. Subjects made their own private selections of personal protection, contributed to a group consensus selection, and then made a final private selection. After group discussion, selected levels of protection shifted in the direction of reduced protection, and these more risky selections were made with greater confidence. (69443)

CIS 97-1405 Workgroups' propensity to comply with safety rules: The influence of micro-macro organisational factors. Simard M., Marchand A., Ergonomics, Feb. 1997, Vol.40, No.2, p.172-188. 67 ref. (In English)

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In a study of 1061 workgroups in 97 manufacturing plants, a model of organizational factors and safety compliance behaviour was developed and tested. Variables studied included work processes and risk, workgroup characteristics, and supervision characteristics (micro level organizational factors), and management commitment to safety, and the firm socio-economic context (macro factors). Micro organizational factors were the primary determinants of the propensity to comply with safety rules, in particular, variables relating to social relationships at the shopfloor level. In addition, it appeared that these relationships could be influenced by implementation of a participatory approach in the supervisory management of safety. (69461)

CIS 97-1406 Absenteeism in organizations: Motivational approaches to identify determinants and suggestions for health promotion in the workplace. (German: Fehlzeiten in Organisationen: Motivationspsychologische Ansätze zur Ursachenanalyse und Vorschläge für die Gesundheitsförderung am Arbeitsplatz) Kleinbeck U., Wegge J., Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 4th Quarter 1996, Vol.40, No.4, p.161-172. 66 ref. (In German)

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From a review of recent research findings on the causes of absenteeism it is concluded that not enough attention has been paid to the connection between absenteeism and conditions in the workplace. When employees are not motivated enough by their work they may stay away from work for a day or two every now and then and blame it on minor health problems. In order to cut this kind of avoidable absenteeism it is recommended to make work more appealing to employees. In addition, employees should be informed about the consequences of absenteeism to the organization. (69587)

CIS 97-1407 The influence of job demands and job control on health complaints and absenteeism. (German: Die Wirkung von Arbeitsanforderungen und persönlichen Kontrollmöglichkeiten auf Gesundheitsbeschwerden und Fehlzeiten) Nijhuis F.J.N., Smulders P.G.W., Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 4th Quarter, 1996, Vol.40, No.4, p.173-180. 25 ref. (In German)

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The decision-control-support model to study the relationship between job demands, job control, social support and absenteeism was expanded to include work organization, work design, physical workload, age, sex and smoking habits. This expanded model was used to explain the causes of absenteeism in a construction company with 165 employees. Health complaints and fatigue explained 11% of the variance of absenteeism and were found to be strongly related with social support, job demand and work organization. Physical workload, work design and job control together explained absenteeism in the construction company better than did health complaints and fatigue. The possible reasons for this are discussed. (69588)

CIS 97-1408 Psychosocial aspects of work and health in the North Sea oil and gas industry. Parkes K.R., Razavi T.D.B., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1997. x, 58p. 68 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7176-1342-9 (In English)

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Part I of this report comprises a review of the literature relating to work and health among offshore personnel. Topics covered include: patterns of illness and injury offshore; psychosomatic complaints and minor health problems; health problems associated with offshore shift rotation; mental health and stress offshore; health behaviours and lifestyle. Part II reports on a five-year follow-up study (1990-1995) which evaluated changes in mental health and job satisfaction in offshore and onshore personnel. Results showed a significant increase in perceived workload and anxiety over the follow-up period. (69360)

CIS 97-1409 Human factors in safety-critical systems. Redmill F., Rajan J., eds., Customer Services Department, Heinemann Publishers Oxford, P.O. Box 382, Halley Court, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8RU, United Kingdom, 1997. x, 354p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 45.00., ISBN 0-7506-2715-8 (In English)

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This manual examines the role of human factors in the functioning of computer systems whose failure would endanger human life, property or the environment. Contents: safety-critical systems and human reliability (introduction to safety critical systems, causes of human error, methods of human reliability assessment); human-computer interaction in safety-critical systems (specification of safety-critical systems, interface design, training and operator support, design and support for abnormal situations); socio-technical considerations (social factors, learning from incidents at work, procedural violations, treatment of human factors in safety cases). (69468)

CIS 97-1410 Psychological risk factors - How to recognize and eliminate them. (German: Seelische Risikofaktoren - erkennen, überwinden!) Köster R., expert Verlag, 71272 Renningen-Malmsheim, Germany, 3rd improved ed., 1996. 106p. Index. Price: DEM 22.00., ISBN 3-8169-1290-7 (In German)

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Introduction to the effect of psychological factors on health. Contents: overview of today's health problems, with emphasis on those due to worry; major influences on psychological health (basic life changes; family, school, workplace and occupation as factors); psychological risk factors as the most important sources of disease today; specific types of psychological factors ("boomerang" effects, "poisoned arrow" effects); avoidance mechanisms; prevention and elimination of psychological risk factors. (69598)

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