CIS 96-1531 Legislative Decree No.626 of 19 Sep. 1994 - Implementation of eight EEC Directives concerning the improvement of workers' safety and health at the workplace [Italy]. (Italian: Decreto Legislativo 19 sett. 1994, n. 626 - Attuazione delle direttive ... CEE riguardanti il miglioramento della sicurezza e della salute dei lavoratori sul luogo di lavoro) Gazzetta ufficiale, 12 Nov. 1994, No.265, Part I, Ordinary supplement, 60p. Illus. (In Italian)

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This decree was adopted by the Council of Ministers on 16 Sep. 1994. It introduces into Italian legislation the provisions of the following EEC Directives: 89/391 (general improvements in OSH, CIS 89-1401), 89/654 (minimum OSH requirements for the workplace, CIS 90-356), 89/655 (minimum OSH requirements for work equipment, CIS 90-357), 89/656 (minimum requirements for PPE, CIS 90-385), 90/269 (manual handling, CIS 90-1101), 90/270 (VDU work, CIS 90-1069), 90/394 (exposure to carcinogens, CIS 90-1758) and 90/679 (exposure to biological agents, CIS 91-29). The main headings of the decree are: general provisions; workplaces; use of work equipment; use of personal protective equipment (PPE); manual handling of loads; protection against carcinogens; protection against biological agents; penalties for non-compliance. In annex (among others): table of PPE requirements depending on the hazards present in the workplace; non-exhaustive list of activities and sectors where PPE has to be worn; list and classification of hazardous biological agents. (67572)

CIS 96-1532 Occupational Health and Safety (Promotion) Act, 1994 [Malta]. (Maltese: Att ta'l-1994 ghall-promozzjoni tas-sahha u s-sigurtà fuq ix-xoghol) Government Gazette (Malta), Supplement, 1 Mar. 1994, No.15,896, p.A83-A93 (Maltese version), p.A94-104 (English version) (In English, Maltese)

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Provisions of this basic law on OSH: protection of occupational health and safety is to be considered of public interest; duty of employer to keep the work place and work processes free from unnecessary hazards; duty of workers and government with regard to workplace health and safety; establishment of a Commission for the Promotion of Occupational Health and Safety; duties of employers to maintain a safe working environment; responsibilities of the Director of Labour with regard to OSH; duties of labour inspectors; penalties for non-compliance. The Factories Ordinance is repealed. (67575)

CIS 96-1533 Commencement of Sections 1 and 2 of the Integration of Labour Laws Act, 1994 (Act No.49 of 1994), with respect to certain laws; Regulations for the Integration of the Occupational Health and Safety Act [South Africa]. (Afrikaans: Wet op integrering van Arbeidswette, 1994; Ragulasies ter integrering van die Wet op beroepsgesondheid en veiligheid) Government Gazette - Staatskoerant, 28 Apr. 1995, Vol.358, No.5496, p.1-5. (In Afrikaans, English)

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Sections 1 and 2 of the Integration of Labour Laws Act, 1994, put into effect by Proclamation of the President of South Africa (No. R. 45), integrate the Machinery and Occupational Safety Acts of the former Republics of Transkei (1985), Venda (1987), and Ciskei (1984) and of the former Self-Governing Territories of Kwazulu (1985) and Qwaqwa (1992), as well as the Occupational Safety Act, 1984 of the former Republic of Bophuthatswana into effective laws of the Republic of South Africa in those areas where these former Republics and Territories used to exist. The Regulations (No. R.639), dated 28 Apr. 1995, enable Labour Inspectors of these former Republics and Territories to keep their functions and provide for continuity in the application of OSH laws on their territories. (67573)

CIS 96-1534 Decree No.96-1001 of 20 May 1996 concerning the National Council for the Prevention of Occupational Hazards [Tunisia]. (French: Décret n°96-1001 du 20 mai 1996, relatif au conseil national de la prévention des risques professionnels [Tunisie]) Journal officiel de la République tunisienne, 28 May 1996, Year 139, No.43, p.1071-1072. (In French)

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This Decree creates in Tunisia a National Council for the Prevention of Occupational Hazards, whose duties are to propose preventive measures on a national level, to provide expert opinions relating to OSH issues and to coordinate the activities of various organisms dealing with such issues. Decree No.91-1761 (see CIS 92-706) is revoked. (67576)

CIS 96-1535 Use of work equipment [Sweden]. (Swedish: Användning av arbetsutrustning) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 12p., ISBN 91-7930-210-6 (In Swedish)

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This regulation was adopted on 28 October 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/655/EEC (CIS 90-357). It covers: application; definitions; requirements on work equipment; work equipment with special risks. In appendix 1: minimum general requirements for work equipment. Recommendations for compliance with these regulations are appended. (67600)

CIS 96-1536 Use of personal protective equipment [Sweden]. (Swedish: Användning av personlig skyddsutrustning) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 13p., ISBN 91-7930-176-2 (In Swedish)

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This regulation supersedes AFS 1982:13 (CIS 83-1702) and the Board's Notice 1976:37 (CIS 77-1692). It was adopted on 28 October 1993 and is an adaptation of the EEC Directive 89/656/EEC (CIS 90-385). It defines general rules on the use. Recommendations for compliance with the regulation are appended. In appendix 1: List of regulations including personal protective equipment. (67604)

CIS 96-1537 The Factories (First Aid) Regulations 1995 [Singapore]. Republic of Singapore - Government Gazette (Subsidiary Legislation Supplement), 29 Sep. 1995, No.48, p.1671-1674. (In English)

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Regulations issued under the authority of the Factories Act (CIS 91-703). They specify the minimum requirements for first-aid boxes or containers in workplaces. They also require employers in workplaces where more than 25 persons are employed to appoint first-aiders. (67571)

CIS 96-1538 Occupational Health and Safety (Promotion) Act, 1994 - Work Place (First Aid) Regulations, 1995 [Malta]. Government Gazette (Malta), Supplement, 29 Nov. 1995, No.16213, p.B1462-B1466. (In English)

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These Regulations (effective: 1 Jan. 1996) require employers to maintain first aid boxes, to ensure the presence of first aiders and to provide first aid rooms for their employees. The Factories (First Aid) Regulations, 1949 are repealed. (67574)

CIS 96-1539 Decree on Regulations for safety in the construction industry [Costa Rica]. (Spanish: Decreto-Reglamento de seguridad en construcciones [Costa Rica]) La Gaceta - Diario Oficial (Costa Rica), 27 June 1996, Year 118, No.122, p.1-8. (In Spanish)

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This Decree implements the regulations published simultaneously, to come into effect on 25 Sep. 1996. The regulations cover: safety measures (materials storage, demolition work, excavation, work with reinforced concrete, stonemasonry, ladders, scaffolds and ramps, explosives, health and welfare facilities, moving of loads, electricity); use of personal protective equipment; responsibilities and penalties for non-compliance. In annex: minimum safety distances (storage of chemical powders, pyrotechnical products, blasting caps, mechanical powders). Regulation No.6 of 16 Feb. 1955 is revoked. (67578)

CIS 96-1540 Personal Protective Equipment for Shipyard Employment: Final Rule [USA]. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 24 May 1996, Vol.61, No.102, Part III, p.26322-26360. 17 ref. (In English)

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This final rule became effective (except for some minor provisions) on 22 Aug. 1996. It updates, reorganizes and simplifies the standards related to the wearing of personal protective equipment (PPE) during shipyard employment. Shipbuilding, ship repair and shipbreaking are all included within its scope. Where appropriate, the final rule deletes existing specification-oriented provisions that limit employer innovation and incorporates performance-oriented language. Contents: Part I (commentary and analysis): background; estimates of shipyard injuries involving lost workdays or body injury in the US in 1992 and 1994 (by body part injured and nature of injury); summary and explanation of the final rule; final economic analysis and environmental impact assessment summary. Part II (legal text of the final rule): scope, application and definitions; general requirements; eye and face protection; head protection; foot protection; hand and body protection; lifesaving equipment; personal fall arrest systems; positioning device systems. (Respiratory protection for shipyard employment is covered by 29 CFR 1910.134). In annex: guidelines to hazard assessment, PPE selection and PPE training programmes; testing guidelines for personal fall protection systems; list of relevant ANSI and ASME standards and TLV list from ACGIH. (67579)

CIS 96-1541 Restaurants and other large catering establishments [Sweden]. (Swedish: Restauranger och andra storhushåll) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 6p., ISBN 91-7930-213-0 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1982:20 (CIS 83-570) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directives 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442) and 89/654/EEC (CIS 90-356). It covers: doors; belt conveyors; dishing machines; speed of trays on conveyor. (67603)

CIS 96-1542 Order No. 95-1241 of 20 Nov. 1995 relating to the publication of Convention 139 of the International Labour Organization on the prevention and control of occupational hazards caused by carcinogenic substances and agents, adopted in Geneva 24 June 1974 [France]. (French: Décret n°95-1241 du 20.11.95 portant publication de la convention n°139 de l'Organisation internationale du Travail concernant la prévention et le contrôle des risques professionnels causés par les substances et agents cancérogènes, adoptée à Genève le 24.07.74 [France]) Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1996, No.65, p.63-64; also in: Journal officiel de la République française, 25 Nov. 1996, p.17259-17260. (In French)

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This Decree is a publication in France of ILO Convention 139 (see CIS 75-896) adopted on 24 June 1974. This convention comprises 13 articles. Each article specifies the duties incumbent upon countries which have ratified it. (67464)

CIS 96-1543 Decrees (of 7.2.96) No.96-97 relating to the protection of the public against health risks associated with an exposure to asbestos in buildings and No.96-98 relating to the protection of workers against risks associated with the inhalation of asbestos dust - Comments [France]. (French: Décrets (du 7.2.96) n°96-97 rel. à la protection de la population contre les risques sanitaires liés ... à l'amiante dans les immeubles bâtis et n°96-98 rel. à la protection des travailleurs contre les risques liés à l'inhalation de poussières d'amiante - Commentaires [France]) Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1996, No.65, p.73-74. (In French)

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Comments and explanatory notes on decrees published in the French Journal officiel of 8 Feb. 1996 (see CIS 96-404). Decree 96-97 obliges the owners of all buildings (with the exception of single-family homes) to find out whether asbestos insulation or flaked asbestos is present in the building, and if so to take appropriate measures to reduce the fibre concentrations if their level is above 25 fibres/L, and to perform periodic controls of the state of preservation of the asbestos otherwise. Decree 96-98 deals with the protection of workers against risks linked to the inhalation of asbestos dust (including duties incumbent upon managers to identify the nature of fibres present in the air), the dissemination of the results of this evaluation, the creation of an aptitude record and the setting of the mean fibre concentration at 0.1 fibre/cm³ (chrysotile alone) and at 0.1 fibre/cm³ (other mineralogical types). (67465)

CIS 96-1544 Canada Occupational Safety and Health Regulations, amendment [Canada]. (French: Règlement canadien sur la sécurité et la santé au travail - Modification [Canada]) Canada Gazette - Gazette du Canada, 26 June 1996, Part II, Vol.130, No.13, p.2006-2028. (In English, French)

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This amendment replaces Part X of the 1986 Regulations (see CIS 86-1483) by a new Part X entitled Hazardous Substances. Contents: Interpretation. Division I: records of hazardous substances; hazard investigation; medical examinations; storage, handling and use; warnings; employee education; substitution of substances; ventilation; hazard control; explosives; ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. In annex: list of devices to be reported to the Bureau of Radiation and Medical Devices. Division II: hazardous substances other than controlled products. Division III: Controlled products - interpretation, application, material safety data sheets and labels, fire and explosion prevention. A Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement is appended to the Regulations. (67580)

CIS 96-1545 Register of exposure to carcinogens [Sweden]. (Swedish: Register vid exposition för cancerframkallande ämnen) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 8p., ISBN 91-7930-211-4 (In Swedish)

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This regulation was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 90/394/EEC (CIS 90-1758). It applies to all work with carcinogenic substances. The employer has to keep a register of exposed workers, carcinogenic substances, descriptions of work and levels of exposure. Recommendations for compliance with the regulation are appended. (67601)

CIS 96-1546 Order of 14 May 1996 concerning the technical rules applicable to enterprises involved in the containment and removal of asbestos [France]. (French: Arrêté du 14 mai 1996 relatif aux règles techniques que doivent respecter les entreprises effectuant des activités de confinement et de retrait de l'amiante [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 23 May 1996, 128th Year, No.119, p.7701-7702. (In French)

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Order of 14 May 1996 concerning the technical rules that enterprises involved in the containment and removal of asbestos must comply with in France. Main contents: collective and individual protection, decontamination of workers, methods for area containment. The order also spells out the arrangements to be made upon completion of work before premises are handed over. (67725)

CIS 96-1547 Order of 12 July 1996 relating to the establishment of an interdepartmental commission for the prevention of and protection against risks related to asbestos [France]. (French: Arrêté du 12 juillet 1996 relatif à la création d'une commission interministérielle pour la prévention et la protection contre les risques liés à l'amiante [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 18 July 1996, 128th Year, No.163, p.10649-10650. (In French)

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Order of 12 July 1996 relating to the establishment in France of an interdepartmental commission reporting to the Prime Minister and responsible for the design, development and coordination of government policies in the field of prevention of asbestos-related risks. (67726)

CIS 96-1548 Act No.96-63 of 15 July 1996 establishing the conditions for the manufacturing, exportation, importation, transportation, storage, use and sale of explosive materials used for civilian purposes [Tunisia]. (French: Loi n°96-63 du 15 juillet 1996, fixant les conditions de fabrication, d'exportation, d'importation, de transport, de stockage, d'utilisation et de commercialisation des matières explosives utilisées à des fins civiles [Tunisie]) Journal officiel de la République tunisienne, 23 July 1996, Year 139, No.59, p.1588-1591. (In French)

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This law requires all those involved with the civilian use of explosives to comply with the relevant safety rules and regulations issued by the competent authorities. (67577)

CIS 96-1549 Simple pressure vessels [Sweden]. (Swedish: Enkla tryckkärl) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 19p. Illus., ISBN 91-7930-215-7 (In Swedish)

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This regulation was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of the EEC Directive 87/404/EEC (CIS 87-1166). It covers definitions and symbols; basic provisions; construction and manufacturing documents; marking; type control; verification; declaration of conformity; instructions on the vessels for safe use. Recommendations for compliance with the regulation are appended. In appendix: materials; size of vessels; methods of manufacturing. (67605)

CIS 96-1550 Gangways on tower cranes [Sweden]. (Swedish: Gångbanor på tornkranar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-201-7 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1981:18 (CIS 82-13) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67591)

CIS 96-1551 Handheld circular saws for woodworking [Sweden]. (Swedish: Handcirkelsågar för trä) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-202-5 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1986:30 (CIS 87-54) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding the applicability. (67592)

CIS 96-1552 Lifting tables [Sweden]. (Swedish: Lyftbord) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-203-3 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1985:13 (CIS 86-1208) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67593)

CIS 96-1553 Machinery [Sweden]. (Swedish: Maskiner) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-204-1 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1986:21 (CIS 87-324) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67594)

CIS 96-1554 Motorized hedge trimmers [Sweden]. (Swedish: Motordrivna häcksaxar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-205-X (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1981:22 (CIS 82-344) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67595)

CIS 96-1555 Grinding machines and grinding tools [Sweden]. (Swedish: Slipmaskiner och slipverktyg) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-206-8 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1987:18 (CIS 89-1104) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67596)

CIS 96-1556 Nail guns [Sweden]. (Swedish: Spikpistoler) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-207-6 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1984:3 (CIS 84-617) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67597)

CIS 96-1557 Firewood sawing and splitting machines [Sweden]. (Swedish: Vedmaskiner) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-208-4 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1985:16 (CIS 86-1222) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67598)

CIS 96-1558 Load limiting devices on cranes [Sweden]. (Swedish: Överlastdon på kranar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-209-2 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1980:19 (CIS 81-904) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67599)

CIS 96-1559 Brushwood saws [Sweden]. (Swedish: Röjsågar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-216-5 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1983:7 (CIS 83-1135) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67606)

CIS 96-1560 Escalators and passenger conveyors [Sweden]. (Swedish: Rulltrappor och rullramper) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 5p., ISBN 91-7930-217-3 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1986:16 (CIS 87-53) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability; regular inspections. (67607)

CIS 96-1561 Presses [Sweden]. (Swedish: Pressar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-218-1 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1987:15 (CIS 88-1435) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67608)

CIS 96-1562 Guillotine shears [Sweden]. (Swedish: Gradsaxar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 3p., ISBN 91-7930-219-X (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1990:5 (CIS 94-1472) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability. (67609)

CIS 96-1563 Power chain saws [Sweden]. (Swedish: Motorkedjesågar) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 5p., ISBN 91-7930-220-3 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of regulation AFS 1990:7 was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directives 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442) and 89/686/EEC (CIS 90-381). It covers: modifications regarding its applicability; personal protective equipment. (67610)

CIS 96-1564 Control of Hazardous Energy Source (Lockout/Tagout) - Final Rule [USA]. Department of Labor - Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 1 Sep. 1989, Vol.54, No.169, p.36687-36696. (In English)

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This standard covers the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or start-up of the machine or equipment, or the release of stored energy, could cause injury to workers. Certain industries and operations are excluded from the scope of the standard: construction, agriculture, maritime employment, electric utilities, work on electric conductors or equipment in electric utilization installations, oil and gas drilling and servicing; work on cord- and plug-connected electric equipment, hot tap operations. Contents of the standard: definitions; general provisions (energy control programme; lockout/tagout; full employee protection; energy control procedure; protective materials and hardware (durable, standardized, substantial and identifiable); periodic inspection; training and communication; energy isolation; notification of employees); application of controls. In appendix: typical minimal lockout or tagout system procedures. (67687)

CIS 96-1565 Work postures and work movements [Sweden]. (Swedish: Arbetsställningar och arbetsrörelser) Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen, Publikationsservice, Box 1300, 171 25 Solna, Sweden, 1993. 5p., ISBN 91-7930-212-2 (In Swedish)

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This amendment of ordinance AFS 1983:6 (CIS 83-1180) was adopted on 25 November 1993 and is an adaptation of EEC Directives 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442) and 90/269/EEC (CIS 90-1101). It covers: information to employees. (67602)

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CIS 96-1566 Dextrose. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes. (67631)

CIS 96-1567 Dichlobenil. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. (67632)

CIS 96-1568 2,2-Dichloroacetyl chloride. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; skin absorption; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lung oedema. (67633)

CIS 96-1569 Dicloran. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (67634)

CIS 96-1570 3-Pentanone. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Highly flammable. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 200ppm, 705mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67635)

CIS 96-1571 Diisooctyl phthalate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term and long-term exposure effects: available data are insufficient. (67636)

CIS 96-1572 Dimethyl sulfide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Highly flammable. Short-term exposure effects: unconsciousness. (67637)

CIS 96-1573 Dinocap (isomer mixture). Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the skin. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis, skin sensitization; reproductive toxicity. (67638)

CIS 96-1574 Dinoseb acetate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; neurotoxic effects, affects the heart, high body temperature and sweating. Long-term exposure effects: reproductive toxicity. (67639)

CIS 96-1575 Dipropyleneglycol monomethylether. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; dry skin. Occupational exposure limit: TLV 100ppm, 606mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (67640)

CIS 96-1576 Divinylbenzene (mixed isomers). Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 10ppm, 53mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67641)

CIS 96-1577 Edetic acid. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Widely known by the abbreviation EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (67642)

CIS 96-1578 Enflurane. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: ethrane. Short-term exposure effects: lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: affects the liver. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 75ppm, 566mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67643)

CIS 96-1579 Ethyl n-butyl ketone. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: 3-heptanone. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; affects the central nervous system; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: 50ppm, 234mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67644)

CIS 96-1580 2-Ethylhexanol. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes and the skin. (67645)

CIS 96-1581 Formamide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; affects the central nervous system; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: affects the liver; genetic effects. Occupational exposure limit: 10ppm, 18mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67646)

CIS 96-1582 Graphite (natural). Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Long-term exposure effects: graphite pneumoconiosis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 2.5mg/m³ (respirable dust) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67647)

CIS 96-1583 Hexachlorobutadiene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; affects the kidneys and adrenal gland. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.02ppm, 0.21mg/m³ A2 (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67648)

CIS 96-1584 Ioxynil. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes and skin. (67649)

CIS 96-1585 Isoprene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Extremely flammable. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lowering of consciousness. (67650)

CIS 96-1586 Isopropanolamine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lung oedema. (67651)

CIS 96-1587 Diisopropyl ether. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 250ppm, 1040mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991); STEL: 310ppm, 1300mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67652)

CIS 96-1588 Lead arsenate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: affects the intestines and cardiovascular system. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; neurotoxic effects; affects the gastrointestinal systems, liver and kidneys; haematotoxic effects; ulceration and perforation on the nasal septum; carcinogenic effects; genetic effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.15mg/m³ (as Pb₃(AsO₄)₂) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67653)

CIS 96-1589 Linalool. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the skin. (67654)

CIS 96-1590 2-Methylpropenoic acid. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: methacrylic acid. Short-term exposure effects: corrosive effects on the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract; lung oedema. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 20ppm, 70mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67655)

CIS 96-1591 DL-Methionine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption. (67656)

CIS 96-1592 Methyl n-amyl ketone. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: heptanone. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes and respiratory tract; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemicals pneumonitis; lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: defats the skin; affects the liver and kidneys. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 50ppm, 233mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67657)

CIS 96-1593 3-Methylbutan-2-one. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lowering of consciousness. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 200ppm, 705mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67658)

CIS 96-1594 Methylcyclohexane. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; neurotoxic effects; lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: defats the skin. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 400ppm, 1610mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67659)

CIS 96-1595 Nickel (II) oxide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes and the respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; asthma; carcinogenic effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.05mg/m³ (as Ni) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67660)

CIS 96-1596 Nickel carbonate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; asthma; carcinogenic effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.05mg/m³ (as Ni) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67661)

CIS 96-1597 Nickel sulphide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; carcinogenic effects. Occupational exposure limit: 1mg/m³ (as nickel) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67662)

CIS 96-1598 Nitrogen dioxide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lung oedema. Long-term exposure effects: affects the lungs. Occupational exposure limit: 3ppm, 5.6mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67663)

CIS 96-1599 Octane. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 300ppm, 1400mg/m³; TLV (as STEL): 375ppm, 1750mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67664)

CIS 96-1600 1-Octene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: neurotoxic effects; lowering of consciousness. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; defats the skin. (67665)

CIS 96-1601 Pentachloronaphthalene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; may result in death. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; chloracne; affects the liver; jaundice. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.5mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67666)

CIS 96-1602 Phenetyl alcohol [sic]. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: 2-phenylethanol. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritates the eyes and the respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: neurotoxic effects; genetic effects. (67667)

CIS 96-1603 n-Propyl acetate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes and the respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: defats the skin. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 200ppm, 840mg/m³; STEL: 250ppm (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67668)

CIS 96-1604 Sodium azide. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Short-term exposure effects: irritates the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: genetic effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV (ceiling): 0.11ppm, 0.29mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67669)

CIS 96-1605 Stannic chloride (anhydrous). Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

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International Chemical Safety Card. Synonym: tin tetrachloride. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects, corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; lung oedema; swallowing the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; unconsciousness. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 2mg/m³ (as tin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (67670)

[ Top of page ]

CIS 96-1606 Health risk management: A practical guide for managers in small and medium-sized enterprises. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. vi, 49p. Illus. 76 ref. Price: GBP 6.50., ISBN 0-7176-0905-7 (In English)

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Contents of this practical guide: hazard evaluation within the enterprise; adoption of control measures; implementation of preventive measures; checking up on the effectiveness of measures taken. Concrete examples and check lists accompany the text throughout. In annex: where to go for help; final check list. (67562)

CIS 96-1607 Health and safety committees. (French: C.H.S.C.T.) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1994. VHS videotape (length: 14min). ### (In French)

This videotape is aimed at members of joint safety and health committees. It shows some of the experiences and achievements of such committees in the construction and civil engineering sector. (67792)

CIS 96-1608 Consulting employees on health and safety: A guide to the law. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. 10p. 4 ref. (In English)

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Training booklet aimed at employers. It provides instruction on the importance of consulting employees, on what such consultation involves and on how it should take place. Other matters covered: what information should be available; how regulations are enforced; which system of consultation applies to particular employers (depending on the presence of recognized trade unions). (67683)

CIS 96-1609 How to start up a construction site. (French: Installer son chantier) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1996. VHS videotape (length: 11min). ### (In French)

This videotape illustrates the five keywords for safety on a construction site: materials, environment, equipment, technique and workers. An analogy is drawn with safety procedures before engaging in deep-sea diving. (67793)

CIS 96-1610 The case of the workplace killers: A manual for cancer detectives on the job. International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agriculture Implement Workers of America (UAW), UAW Purchase and Supply Department, 8000 E. Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48214, USA, 1980, reprinted 1992. 40p. Illus. 9 ref. Price: USD 2.00. (In English)

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A training guide that teaches workers how to investigate whether cancer deaths among workers and retirees from a plant are due to occupational exposures. Contents: the UAW Cancer Program; possibilities for local union action; cancer studies on the job (basic definition of epidemiology, the proportional mortality ratio (PMR), when to do and when not to do a study); how a local union can help conduct a cancer study (evaluation of the problem, detailed collection of data, completing a PMR, planning a follow-up study); evidence collection (death certificates, making and checking a list, the OSHA "Right to Know" standard, OSHA occupational illness and injury recording forms); tricks of the trade (comparisons, varying conditions); some basic statistical information on cancer deaths in the US; how to prepare graphs; list of known carcinogens; list of high-risk jobs and workplaces; basic facts on workplace cancer; role of OSHA, NIOSH, companies and unions in the fight against occupational cancer. (67690)

CIS 96-1611 Handbook on occupational diseases. (French: L'essentiel des pathologies professionnelles) Géraut C., ed., Edition Marketing, 32, rue Bargue, 75015 Paris, France, 1995. 431p. Bibl.ref. Indexes., ISBN 2-7298-9506-X (In French)

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University-level textbook and practical guide, with easy access to information thanks to its 3 indexes (occupations, symptoms/diseases, agents). It is designed for medical practitioners, medical students and OSH specialists. The main classification is by occupational category: administrative work, aerospace industry, agriculture, food industry, automotive industry, jewellery and watchmaking, dry-cleaning, bakeries, do-it-yourself work, management, supermarkets, rubber industry, industrial truck driving, bodyshops, metal construction, boilermaking, shoe-making, chemical industry, hairdressing, dye industry, machine operation, leather and fur industry, restaurants, frequent travelling, dock work, garbage and sewage industry, electric work, electronics, technical training, teaching, smelters, funeral services, automotive repair, security, gardening, printing, laboratory work, machine-tool work, masonry, material handling and storage, seamen, cleaning, carpenters, metalworking, miners, mountain workers, shipyards, nuclear plants, work with radar and microwave generating equipment, painting, photography, plastics industry, plumbing, diving, floor laying, precarious employment, dental work, repetitive work, health care workers, welders, professional athletes, telephone operators, tobacco industry, textile and garment industry, transportation, night work and shiftwork, glassmaking, veterinary medicine, work with vibrating equipment. (67448)

CIS 96-1612 Shared places. (French: Lieu commun) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1986. VHS videotape (length: 20min). ### (In French)

Colour film transferred into video format, aimed mainly at site supervisors, construction foremen, contractors and construction company managers. The main message of the tape is that one of the sources of risk on a construction site is the pursuance of activities by workers unaware of the activities of others. A slide set accompanies the video. (67791)

CIS 96-1613 Visual display units in the place of work. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1995. Information kit (Code of Practice: 66p., illus, bibl.ref., index + Checklists: 11p. + Information booklet: 43p., illus.) Price: NZD 20.00 (Code of Practice only: NZD 10.00)., ISBN 0-477-03575-2 (Code), ISBN 0-477-03590-6 (Checklists), ISBN 0-477-03592-2 (Inf.booklet) (In English)

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Training kit consisting of three booklets: 1 - Code of Practice (new edition of the 1993 publication abstracted as CIS 94-603), contents: introduction, compliance, health problems of VDU work, relationship between the Code and the relevant provisions of the Health and Safety in Employment Act (CIS 93-701), glossary, ISO 9241; 2 - Checklists for monitoring hazards of VDU work (work organization, VDU selection, hazard identification, evaluation of workplace visual conditions); 3 - Information booklet: promotion of workstation comfort (why we get discomfort, relaxation, body positions, getting comfortable at the workstation, workplace exercises, preventing visual and ocular discomfort, finger and wrist techniques for keyboard users), general advice (lighting, noise, thermal comfort, air quality, electromagnetic fields). (67526)

CIS 96-1614 A system for building with prefabricated elements. (French: Un système constructif de bâtiment en éléments préfabriqués) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1990. VHS videotape (length: 24min). ### (In French)

Videotape on the safety of construction work involving the production, transportation and on-site assembly of prefabricated elements. (67801)

CIS 96-1615 Asbestos and you. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. 7p. 5 ref. (In English)

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Training brochure on the dangers of asbestos. Contents: definition of asbestos; hazards; paths of entry into the body; kind of work giving rise to asbestos dust; employers' duties to protect workers against asbestos; control limits; workers' role in prevention; health checks. (67684)

CIS 96-1616 Danger! Neoprene adhesives. (French: Attention! adhésifs néoprène) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1986. VHS videotape (length: 12min). ### (In French)

A tape/slide presentation (66 slides) transferred to videotape, aimed at workers in the construction and civil engineering sector. It shows the risks of exposure to neoprene adhesives, and demonstrates the best ways of reducing such exposure. (67795)

CIS 96-1617 Chemical risks. (French: Risques chimiques) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1987. VHS videotape (length: 15min). ### (In French)

A tape/slide presentation (80 slides) transferred to videotape. It presents chemical hazards and their prevention, aimed at construction workers. (67796)

CIS 96-1618 OSHA's Respiratory Protection Standard: A proven written program for compliance. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1995. Computer diskette (text in WordPerfect) + manual (88p.). Price: USD 59.00. ###, ISBN 0-86587-501-4 (In English)

Pre-written programme that can be adapted for the development of a safety management programme within the enterprise in order to comply with the OSHA standard. Complete text of the OSHA Standard is included. (67786)

CIS 96-1619 Why should I worry? - Shot in the dark. Shot in the Dark, Freepost HF 2219, St James Clare, Huddersfield Rd, Brighouse HD6 1QY, United Kingdom. Videotape (length: 23min.) + manual (74p.). Price: GBP 198.00. ### (In English)

Videotape package on environmental protection for managers. The raising of workers' consciousness regarding environmental matters is emphasized, as is the relationship between such matters and workers' health and safety. A manual entitled DIY Environmental Risk Profile is included. The package was reviewed in Health & Safety at Work, July 1995, p.34. (67775)

CIS 96-1620 OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard: A proven written program for compliance. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1995. Computer diskette (text in WordPerfect) + manual (176p.). Price: USD 59.00. ###, ISBN 0-86587-499-9 (In English)

Pre-written programme that can be adapted for the development of a safety management programme within the enterprise in order to comply with the OSHA standard. Complete text of the OSHA Standard is included. (67787)

CIS 96-1621 Lift trucks in potentially flammable atmospheres. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. iv, 26p. Illus. 21 ref. Price: GBP 7.75., ISBN 0-7176-0706-2 (In English)

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Guidance document useful for training purposes. Contents: introduction; legal requirements in the United Kingdom; hazardous area classification; precautions for diesel-engined lift trucks; precautions for battery powered lift trucks; inspection and maintenance; training; emergency procedures; permits-to-work. In annex: legal requirements; glossary. (67681)

CIS 96-1622 It always happens to someone else. Tinsley Bridge Ltd./BFV, TTE, Wellingham House, Crawley Road, Faygate, Horsham, West Sussex RH12 4SE, United Kingdom. Videotape (length: 22min). Price (for rental): GBP 85.00 per week. ### (In English)

Two-part videotape. Part 1 concerns fire prevention, emergency planning and designation of responsibilities in case a fire works out at the enterprise. Part 2 is a case history of the preparation of an emergency plan (against fires or bomb threats) in a plant, and of an exercise carrying it out. The videotape was reviewed in Health & Safety at Work, July 1995, p.34. (67774)

CIS 96-1623 Risk management rule; Understanding atmospheric dispersion of accidental releases. American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), AIChExpress Service Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2395, USA (or e-mail: xpress@aiche.org), 1996. Videotape (2h) + manual. Price: USD 250.00. ### (In English)

The videotape shows highlights of a 5h satellite videoconference broadcast in the US in June 1996 on the major requirements of the new EPA Rule 40 CFR Part 68 (Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention: Risk Management Programs), which affects facilities that handle, process or package hazardous chemicals. The manual Understanding atmospheric dispersion of accidental releases is a Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) concept book, which helps with off-site consequence analysis. (67772)

CIS 96-1624 OSHA's Process Safety Management Standard: A proven written program for compliance. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1995. Computer diskette (text in WordPerfect) + manual (256p.). Price: USD 59.00. ###, ISBN 0-86587-500-6 (In English)

Pre-written programme that can be adapted for the development of a safety management programme within the enterprise in order to comply with the OSHA standard. Complete text of the OSHA Standard is included. (67784)

CIS 96-1625 Construction site fire safety. Publications Department, Fire Protection Association, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HX, United Kingdom. Videotape (length: 16min). Price: GBP 37.50. ### (In English)

Videotape reviewed in Health & Safety at Work, July 1995, p.34. (67773)

CIS 96-1626 Preventing occupational hearing loss - A practical guide. Franks J.R., Stephenson M.R., Merry C.J., eds., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Publications Dissemination, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, 1996. xiii, 91p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Update of the document A practical guide to effective hearing conservation programs in the workplace, published by NIOSH in 1990 (see CIS 91-427). Though the OSHA Noise Standard with its Hearing Conservation Amendment and the NIOSH hierarchy of controls (engineering control, administrative control, PPE) have remained the same, changes since 1990 include the new use of the term occupational hearing loss (not necessarily associated with exposure to noise - chemicals, vibration and extreme heat might also be involved), the emphasis on prevention rather than conservation, a new recommended definition of hazardous noise (85 vs. 90dB(A)), and new ways of evaluating noise exposure and defining standard threshold shift (STS). This guide, usable for training purposes, take these changes into account. Contents: value of hearing loss prevention programmes (HLPPs); policy needs; HLPP audits; monitoring of hearing hazards; engineering and administrative controls; audiometric evaluation; personal hearing protection devices; education and motivation; record keeping; programme evaluation; emerging trends and technologies. In annex: OSHA Noise Standard compliance checklists; list of useful audiovisual training material; resources; glossary. (67682)

CIS 96-1627 Danger! Hazardous noise. (French: Danger! pollution sonore) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1982. VHS videotape (length: 17min). ### (In French)

A tape/slide presentation (80 slides) transferred to videotape, designed to teach professionals about the dangers of noise and the best ways to reduce noise exposure. (67794)

CIS 96-1628 Radiation protection - Impact on man and the environment. (French: La radioprotection, impact sur l'homme et l'environnement) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Sektion Physik, Fluhmattstrasse 1, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1994. 8p. Illus. (In French)

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Contents of this data sheet on services offered by the SUVA (Swiss National Fund in the case of accidents) in the field of radiation protection: guidance, training, measurements. (67446)

CIS 96-1629 The bridge. (French: Le pont) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1986. VHS videotape (length: 20min). ### (In French)

Colour film transferred into video format. Through the detailed study of the consequences of an accident caused by incorrect manual load handling, it shows the best ways to prevent such accidents. The film obtained First Prize at the 1986 International Safety and Health Festival. (67797)

CIS 96-1630 Ladders. (French: Les échelles) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1987. VHS videotape (length: 12min). ### (In French)

Slide/tape presentation (69 slides) transferred to videotape, on the safe use of ladders in the construction industry. (67805)

CIS 96-1631 Selection of lifting appliances. (French: Choisir l'accessoire de levage) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1986. VHS videotape (length: 17min). ### (In French)

Slide/tape presentation (80 slides) transferred into video format, on the principal equipment used to balance loads and to prevent all accidental upsets or dropping of loads. (67809)

CIS 96-1632 Machine lockout procedures for the 90's. Health and Safety Department, International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agriculture Implement Workers of America (UAW), 8000 East Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48214, USA, 1992. vi, 11p + annexes. (In English)

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Guide to the implementation of the OSHA Safety Lockout Standard (1910.147) (see CIS 96-1564). Contents: lockout standard chronology; analysis of the standard; the energy control programme (i.e. the programme for lockout implementation: reliance on the principle of one person - one energy source - one lock - one key; involvement of the plant safety director and facility lockout committee; general lockout procedure; identification of activities needing lockout protection; equipment- and activity-specific procedures; posting of procedures; training and retraining; self inspection in facilities; refitting of equipment for lockouts; lockout devices and equipment; departmental and abandoned locks). In annex: sample forms (for: energy control device surveys, written procedures, posted procedures, lockout application inspection checklist, lockout removal inspection checklist, abandoned lockout device removal permit); training programme suggestions. (67686)

CIS 96-1633 OSHA's Electrical Safety and Lockout/Tagout Standards: Proven written programs for compliance. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1995. Computer diskette (text in WordPerfect) + manual (182p.). Price: USD 59.00. ###, ISBN 0-86587-502-2 (In English)

Pre-written programme that can be adapted for the development of a safety management programme within the enterprise in order to comply with the OSHA standard. Complete text of the OSHA Standards and Guidelines is included. (67785)

CIS 96-1634 TRAC-SAFE: A community-based program for reducing injuries and deaths due to tractor overturns - Facilitator's manual. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Publications Dissemination, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998, USA, 1996. vi, 82p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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This document contains basic information about tractor overturns and methods for preventing them. It is aimed primarily at instructors wishing to develop and implement an educational programme for reducing injuries and deaths caused by tractor overturns. Contents: introduction to instructional programme planning; tractor overturns (statistics, causes, solutions - emphasis on ROPS: "rollover protective structures"); proposals for community action. In appendices: audiovisual aids, publicity, participant sign-up forms and worksheets, evaluation forms, support services and references. (67685)

CIS 96-1635 Safety of metal presses. (Dutch: Veiligheid van persen voor metaalbewerking; French: La sécurité aux presses à métaux) Comité professionnel national de sécurité, d'hygiène et d'embellissement des lieux de travail de la construction métallique, Commissariat général à la promotion du travail, 53 rue Belliard, 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium, 1992. 72p. Illus. 27 ref. (In Dutch, French)

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Data sheet, usable for training purposes, on the prevention of accidents when working with metal presses, whether during machining operations or during adjusting or maintenance. It is designed for all those working with presses or facing safety problems due to presses. Main contents: description and operation of presses; description of various built-in safety devices on power presses; description of various safety devices in the work area of power presses; safety in the vicinity of presses; controls and maintenance; table showing risks and relevant safety controls. (67447)

CIS 96-1636 Aluminium metalworking workshop - Safe working practices. (French: Atelier de métallerie aluminium - Travail en sécurité) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1996. VHS videotape (length: 8min). Price: FRF 1,000.00 (1,250.00 for non subscribers). ### (In French)

Videotape on safe working practices in a workshop where aluminium window-frames are made. (67810)

CIS 96-1637 Prevention of falls during the construction of single-family houses. (French: Maisons individuelles (gros-œuvre), protection contre les chutes) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1988. VHS videotape (length: 13min). ### (In French)

A tape/slide presentation (76 slides) transferred to videotape, on the prevention of falls during the construction of single-family houses. (67799)

CIS 96-1638 Preventing falls in the construction of apartment buildings. (French: Empêcher les chutes dans la construction de bâtiments collectifs) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1988. VHS videotape (length: 16min). ### (In French)

A tape/slide presentation (80 slides) transferred to videotape, on the prevention of falls in the construction of apartment buildings. (67800)

CIS 96-1639 Installation of manually-operated suspended access equipment. (French: Installation de l'échafaudage volant à commande manuelle) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1988. VHS videotape (length: 13min). ### (In French)

Slide/tape presentation (71 slides) transferred into video format. (67802)

CIS 96-1640 Safe installation of fixed prefabricated built-up scaffolds. (French: Montage en sécurité des échafaudages de pied préfabriqués fixes) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1995. VHS videotape (length: 15min). ### (In French)

(67803)

CIS 96-1641 Safe installation of prefabricated rolling scaffolds. (French: Montage en sécurité d'un échafaudage roulant préfabriqué) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1996. VHS videotape (length: 10min). ### (In French)

(67804)

CIS 96-1642 Safe use of woodworking machines. (French: Travail en sécurité sur machines à bois) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1989. VHS videotape (length: 25min). ### (In French)

Videotape on the safe use of woodworking machines in the construction industry. (67806)

CIS 96-1643 Grinding of woodworking machine tools. (French: Affûtage des outils pour machines à bois) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1994. VHS videotape (length: 13min). ### (In French)

Videotape showing the safe grinding of machine tools for surface planing machines, chain saws, band saws and spindle moulders. (67807)

CIS 96-1644 Homologation of woodworking machines. (French: Mise en conformité des machines à bois) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex France, 1996. VHS videotape (length: 12min). Price: FRF 1,000.00 (FRF 1,200.00 for non subscribers). ### (In French)

Videotape on the homologation of woodworking machines in France, based on a guide published by OPPBTP. (67808)

CIS 96-1645 The zero accident objective in manual handling. (French: Objectif "0 accident" de manutention manuelle) OPPBTP, Comité national, Service Formation, Tour Amboise, 204, rond-point du Pont-de-Sèvres, 92516 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex, France, 1988. VHS videotape (length: 25min). ### (In French)

Videotape designed to draw attention to the consequences of poor posture during manual handling. (67798)

CIS 96-1646 Ergonomics awareness manual. Health and Safety Department, International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agriculture Implement Workers of America (UAW), 8000 East Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48214, USA, 1994. 42p. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

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The aim of this training manual is to increase the awareness of ergonomics issues among workers. Coverage: cumulative trauma disorders (symptoms and evaluation); ergonomic risk factors (repetitive work, forceful exertions, awkward postures, mechanical stress concentration, vibration); ergonomics programmes within enterprises. In annex: symptoms survey; glossary. (67688)

CIS 96-1647 Strains & sprains: A worker's guide to job design. MacLeod D., International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agriculture Implement Workers of America (UAW), UAW Purchase and Supply Department, 8000 E. Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48214, USA, 1982, reprinted 1992. 37p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: USD 2.00., ISBN 0-9609274-0-9 (In English)

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Contents of this training guide on job design: definition of ergonomics; twisting wrists (carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, white finger disease, multiple problems, tool design, grip design); weary arms (design principles to protect arms, repetition reduction, clamping things down, using body strengths, body reach); aching backs (design principles, lifting techniques, standing and sitting postures, workbench and chair height); action plan for better job design; inspection checklist. Questions (essentially, checklists) accompany each section of the text. (67689)

CIS 96-1648 One too many...: Alcohol at the workplace. (French: Trop plein: l'alcool au poste de travail; German: Schön blau: Alkohol am Arbeitsplatz; Italian: A tutta birra: alcol e lavoro) Schweizerische Fachstelle für Alkohol- und andere Drogenprobleme (SFA), Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (SUVA), Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1996. Videotape (length: 16min). Price: CHF 60.00. ### (In French, German, Italian)

Realistic videotape on the relationship between the consumption of alcohol and other drugs and the occurrence of occupational accidents. Supporting documentation is available from SUVA. (67790)

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CIS 96-1649 Analysis of risks at the workplace - Elements for an approach to a methodical procedure. (Italian: Analisi dei rischi sui luoghi di lavoro - Elementi di approccio ad una procedura metodologica) Cianotti R., Di Mambro A., Prevenzione oggi, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.6, No.3, p.59-70. Illus. (In Italian)

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This report concerns provisions of Italian Decree D.L. 626/94 (of 19 Sep.), introduced in line with Directive 89/391/EEC (see CIS 89-1401) on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers. One of the provisions of the Decree is the introduction in Italy of "enterprise safety documents", whose aim is to assess the different risks of manufacturing processes and eventually to remove unsafe situations dealt with by CEN standard EN 1050 as well. This latter concerns the dangers of work equipment and machinery. Risk factors and risk assessment procedures, to be included in safety documents, are also analyzed. (67542)

CIS 96-1650 Collective agreements and workers' health. (Portuguese: Contrato coletivo e saúde dos trabalhadores) Bonciani M., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.22, No.83, p.25-33. 20 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

Relationship between collective agreements and workers' health in Brazil. (67778)

CIS 96-1651 Improvements in the BLS safety and health statistical program. Abraham K.G., Weber W.L., Personick M.E., Monthly Labor Review, Apr. 1996, Vol.119, No.4, p.3-12. 20 ref. (In English)

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Improvements in the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) statistical system are described. Survey information on serious, nonfatal incidents now includes occupational and demographic data, the nature of the injury or disease and how it occurred, and resulting time away from work. Work-related fatalities are recorded in a separate BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. The specific data elements of the BLS survey and census are listed. Examples illustrate the use of the data in the identification and prevention of occupational hazards. (67430)

CIS 96-1652 Patterns and risk factors for sprains and strains in Ontario, Canada 1990: An analysis of the Workplace Health and Safety Agency data base. Choi B.C.K., Levitsky M., Lloyd R.D., Stones I.M., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.379-389. 21 ref. (In English)

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In 1990 there were 171,047 compensated lost-time injuries in Ontario, Canada; 50.43% of these were sprains and strains. They occurred more frequently than expected in the morning hours and in the first 4 hours of the workshift, during the early part of the week and of the year. Workers 30 to 59 years old had an increased risk of sprains and strains. Workers who were not single and females had also a higher risk. The same was observed for nurses and truckers. Higher risk of occurrence was related to a number of work environments and activities. Significant reduction in the number of occupational sprains and strains could be achieved by prevention programmes reducing as far as possible the risk variables. (67706)

CIS 96-1653 Survey of working conditions in 1995 - Activities of the Higher Council for the Prevention of Occupational Risks. General perspectives on policies for the prevention of occupational hazards in France - 1996 Programme. (French: 1. Bilan des conditions de travail 1995. Activité du Conseil supérieur de la prévention des risques professionnels. 2. Orientations générales de la politique de prévention des risques professionnels. Programme 1996) Ministère du Travail (France), Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1996, No.66, p.115-126 and 127-130. (In French)

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Excerpts from the chapter "Survey of working conditions 1995" of the Annual Report of the French Higher Council for the Prevention of Occupational Risks devoted to the Council's activities in occupational medicine. Work carried out by its various committees in 1995 is presented (information, training, prevention organization; chemical, biological risks, physical environments; physical, mechanical and electrical risks; occupational diseases; occupational medicine; risks specific to the construction industry) followed by an overview of the general policies in the 1996 programme of the Ministry of Labour: changes required as a result of technological trends and the evolution of European practices (e.g. data on asbestos hazards, setting up of a national register of mesothelioma); fields requiring regulatory changes (radiation protection, standardization, occupational medicine); follow-up and assessment of the implementation of existing systems (mobilization of labour inspection services, launching of a reflexion on the modernization of various OSH instruments); information activities. (67468)

CIS 96-1654 Guidance on risk assessment at work. European Commission, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. 57p. 8 ref. Price: ECU 7.00., ISBN 92-827-4278-4 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on implementing the risk assessment requirements of Council Directive 89/391/EEC on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in worker health and safety. Part 1 describes the principles and general practice of risk assessment at work and provides guidance on the selection, involvement and use of external consultants. Part 2 addresses the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises. Includes illustrative examples of situations and activities requiring risk assessment and lists workers who may be at risk. (67499)

CIS 96-1655 Analyzing safety system effectiveness. Petersen D., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, and Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., 1996. xi, 271p. Illus. 51 ref. Index. Price (in Europe): GBP 37.50., ISBN 0-442-02180-1 (In English)

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This manual is in three parts: 1. Approaches to analyzing safety performance: the analysis task (role of the safety professional, safety management principles, safety culture); traditional approaches to analysis; analysis by workers (perception survey). 2. Areas to be analyzed: continuous improvement (accident investigation, employee involvement, operating procedures, discipline); building a safety culture; improving managers' and employees' skills; improving worker behaviour (worker communication, alcohol and drug abuse, awareness programmes); improving physical conditions (inspection, hazard correction). 3. The change process: interpreting statistical data; defining and implementing change; sources of help. In appendices: measuring safety performance; safety sampling; accountability systems; supervisory tasks. (67613)

CIS 96-1656 Occupational safety and health in small and medium-size enterprises. (German: Präventiver Arbeitsschutz in Klein- und Mittelbetrieben) Ministerium für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Herionplatz 1, 40213 Düsseldorf, Germany, 1994. 114p. (In German)

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Subjects covered at the workshop on 9 June 1994 at Wuppertal, Germany, were: 1. Problems of safety and health in small and medium-size enterprises as seen by the Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, the unions and employers and the role each of these bodies has to assume in organizing safety and health in small and medium-size enterprises. 2. The information and help needed by small and medium-size companies with regard to plant safety and health organization. The participants at the workshop came to the conclusion that small and medium-size enterprises lack information on the hazards that occur in workplaces and on methods to reduce these hazards. (67694)

CIS 96-1657 Occupational accident and disease statistics 1994. (Dutch: Statistieken arbeidsongevallen en beroepsziekten 1994; French: Statistiques accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles 1994) Nationale vereniging tot voorkoming van arbeidsongevallen, Gachardstraat 88, Bus 4, 1050 Brussel, Belgium, 1996. 40p. Illus. 7 ref., ISBN 2-87112-043-9 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-43-5 (ned) (In Dutch, French)

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The 1996 edition of this booklet deals with Belgian occupational accident and disease statistics for 1994. The principal conclusions are that accidents and diseases are decreasing in frequency, while back injuries account for an increasing proportion of disability claims. Contents: synthesis - stagnation of accidents (7,000 fewer than in 1993) and reductions of 6% and 10%, respectively, in the numbers of first claims for compensation and of reported cases with respect to 1993; back injuries - a phenomenon in evolution; occupational accidents (definitions, sectoral statistics for 1991 and 1994, cost of accidents in 1994, evolution of accident statistics); occupational diseases (definition and modalities of compensation in Belgium, other definitions and basic concepts, diseases in 1993 and 1994, evolution of disease statistics, selected preventive actions taken by the Accident Disease Fund). (67717)

CIS 96-1658 The identification and assessment of occupational health and safety strategies in Europe - Volume 1: The national situations. Policies on health and safety in thirteen countries of the European Union; Volume 2: The European situation. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. 2 vols. x, 206p. and ix, 89p. Price: ECU 16.50 and ECU 11.50., ISBN 91-827-6642-X, ISBN 92-827-6641-1 (In English)

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The first of these two volumes provides an overview and assessment of occupational health and safety (OHS) strategies in 13 Member States of the European Union: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the UK. Information is provided on: legislation; OHS structures; control and inspection; OHS services; information of personnel; training; economic incentives; research; occupational health insurance; statistics on occupational accidents, diseases and absenteeism. Based on these 13 reports, the second volume provides a consolidated report on the situation in Europe. (67528)

CIS 96-1659 Inspection for health: The International Association of Labour Inspection. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1996. iv, 81p. (In English)

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Proceedings of a conference on inspection for health held in London, United Kingdom, November 1995. Papers cover: priorities and problems in tackling health risks; uses and limitations of information (data available to inspectors, collection of data on the European working environment, role of research in setting and applying standards); delivering effective interventions; advisory and supervisory approaches to inspection and improving levels of compliance (health campaigns); future directions (well-being at work, future roles of labour inspectors). Papers include examples of activities in a number of European countries. (67612)

CIS 96-1660 Occupational safety and health in the process of integration of the European Union. (Spanish: La seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el proceso de integración de la Unión Europea) Castellá J.L., Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social, ILO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Apartado Postal 3638, Lima 1, Peru, Mar. 1996. 24p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-2-310203-0 (In Spanish)

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Survey of activities within the European Union (EU) aimed at the integration of occupational safety and health (OSH) activities. Contents: integration processes within the EU; the OSH framework within the legal structure of the EU; directives on product safety; directives on OSH; activities in favour of inspection and OSH promotion and support within enterprises; perspectives and consequences of EU activities in the OSH field. (67676)

CIS 96-1661 Occupational safety and health in the processes of integration in Latin America. (Spanish: Seguridad y salud en el trabajo en los procesos de integración en América Latina) Rodríguez C.A., Ramos González J.M., Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social, ILO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Apartado Postal 3638, Lima 1, Peru, Mar. 1996. 23p. 40 ref., ISBN 92-2-310204-9 (In Spanish)

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Study of international occupational safety and health (OSH) activities in Latin America. Contents: OSH aspects of the integration of Mexico in NAFTA; OSH aspects of the MERCOSUR association (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay); OSH aspects of the Andes Pact (Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela), in particular in the light of the Simón Rodríguez Convention relating to the harmonization of activities aimed at the improvement of labour conditions and the Hipólito Unanue Convention aimed at the coordination of health promotion within the Pact countries. (67677)

CIS 96-1662 Occupational hazards, risks and solutions. Swuste P., Delft University Press, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands, 1996. 219p. Illus. Bibl. ref., ISBN 90-407-1356-1 (In English)

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The objective of this thesis is to deal with the management of risk factors in industries by a systematic approach. The relevant issues are covered from a general point of view and with reference to the specific Dutch experience: toxic substance hazards in the rubber industry and hand-arm vibrations risks in the construction industry. The design analysis of safety in the workplace requires the management technique of the "problem solving cycle", i.e. a three-step description of the production process. The first step is the "function" (what is produced), the second is the "principle" (how the function is to be carried out) and the third is the means by which the production is performed ("form"). A detailed classification of production processes is also proposed. Alternative strategies and solutions ought to be considered in the production design (or re-designed) phases, assessing the hazardous consequences (exposures and accidents). For the choice of a solution, other factors beside those of safety are also influential (purchase costs, training, environmental effects etc.). The experience gained through such research has led to the setting up a prototype database of solutions to occupational hazards of possible usefulness for prevention in different industries and working conditions. (67481)

CIS 96-1663 An innovative incentive model to improve the working environment - Testing in France. (French: Un modèle innovant d'incitations économiques pour améliorer les conditions de travail - Evaluation en France) Cartier I., Cazeneuve J.P., Dupré D., Le Page D., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. 37p. 4 ref. Price: ECU 7.00., ISBN 92-827-0372-X (En), ISBN 92-827-0373-8 (fr) (In English, French)

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This report compares the model of economic incentives proposed by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions with the one currently applied within the French system of insurance at the workplace. The foundation model (see CIS 96-1670) is based on a framework of compulsory industrial injury insurance taken out by the employer; employers' premiums are linked to present and future risks, unlike existing schemes which are based on past experiences. Applications of the model in France are described. (67617)

CIS 96-1664 European Network Workplace Health Promotion. (German: Europäisches Netzwerk "Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung") Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. 138p. (132p. English edition)., ISBN 3-89429-738-7 (deu), ISBN 3-89429-739-5 (eng) (In English, German)

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Proceedings of a conference on health promotion in Europe held at Dortmund, Germany, on 21 June 1995. Country reports included: Austria; Belgium; Germany; Finland; France; Greece; Italy; Luxembourg; Netherlands; Spain; Sweden; United Kingdom; health promotion in Europe (paper from the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Dublin); effectiveness of occupational health promotion (International Union for Health, Utrecht). (67623)

CIS 96-1665 1994 Publications of the BIA (Institute for occupational safety of the accident insurance institutions). (German: Veröffentlichungen des Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Instituts für Arbeitssicherheit - BIA - 1994) Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitsschutz, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Aug. 1995. 304p. (In German)

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Directory of BIA publications issued in 1994. Articles, reports, and technical documents are grouped under the following headings: multidisciplinary papers; chemical and biological hazards; physical hazards - noise - vibration; personal protective equipment; technical equipment; workshop equipment; congress proceedings. In addition to bibliographic data, the summary includes abstracts of each contribution in German, English, French and Spanish. (67630)

CIS 96-1666 Occupational safety and health in the context of the globalization of the economy. (Spanish: Seguridad y salud en el trabajo en el marco de la globalización de la economía) López-Valcárcel A., Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social, ILO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Apartado Postal 3638, Lima 1, Peru, Mar. 1996. 33p. 64 ref., ISBN 92-2-310202-2 (In Spanish)

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Survey of the occupational safety and health (OSH) aspects of the current globalization trends in the world economy. Contents: trade liberalization, economic integration and globalization of the economy (description of the phenomenon, processes of economic integration, GATT and the agreement on technical obstacles to trade); debate on the Social Clause; challenges and opportunities for OSH (harmonization of labour and product standards, OSH and productivity, OSH and the environment, new behaviour codes for companies). In annex: statistics on the number of registrations of ISO 9000 in selected countries (1993-1995); annotated list of ISO 9000 standards on quality control. (67678)

CIS 96-1667 First symposium on occupational health and safety. (French: Premier colloque sur l'hygiène et sécurité du travail) Union nationale des Travailleurs du Zaïre (UNTZa), Fédération nationale des travailleurs du transport (FNTT), B.P. 8814, Kinshasha/Gombe, Zaïre, 1989. approx. 68p. (In French)

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Compendium of papers presented at a symposium organized by a national trade union of Zaire (at the Nganda Center (Zaire) from 28 August to 1st September 1989) on hygiene and safety in enterprises. The role of the promotion of prevention is highlighted and is considered as important as the promotion of other social benefits. (67719)

CIS 96-1668 Zero accident - Controlling occupational accidents. (French: Zéro accident - Comment lutter contre les accidents du travail) Cusey R., Odilon-Média, 127, rue Amelot, 75011 Paris, France, 1996. 183p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: FRF 130.00., ISBN 2-84213-013-8 (In French)

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This book written by a safety specialist shows that the objective of zero accidents is not a myth or a utopia, but that it can be achieved as the author himself did at different industrial sites during his career. Safety is a concern for all: for management, unions and workers alike. Contents: introduction to safety; safety partners; from the human factor to occupational psychopathology; risk control; technical aspect of the process; the human aspect of the process; traffic accidents; conclusions. Appendices. (67720)

CIS 96-1669 Development of safety films and evaluation of their contribution to the improvement in awareness heightening in safety matters. (German: Entwicklung, Erprobung und Evaluation von Filmen zum Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz zur Verbesserung des Sicherheitsbewusstseins) Zimolong B., Trimpop R., Windel A., Oecking D., Hildebrandt-Müller D., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1995. ix, 249p. Illus. 157 ref. (In German)

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Results of a questionnaire study conducted in ten mining establishments concerning the effectiveness of safety films in changing the attitudes and the behaviour of workers over safety matters. Principal conclusions of the study: safety films influence the thinking and behaviour of workers as well as their ideas on safety; the impact of these films depends on their type (narration, fiction, etc.). The wearing of personal protective equipment is more likely after workers have watched a safety film. It has not been possible to decide whether films using an emotional approach have more of an impact than documentaries. In annex: full text of the questionnaires used for the study. (67748)

CIS 96-1670 An innovative economic incentive model for improvement of the working environment in Europe. Bailey S., Jorgensen K., Koch C., Krüger W., Litske H., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1995. 105p. Price: ECU 8.50., ISBN 92-827-4912-6 (In English)

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This report describes a European model for economic motivation targeting the improvement of health and safety at work. Several types of economic incentives are contained within the one model. The proposed system operates within a framework of compulsory industrial injury insurance paid by the employer. The incentives aim to mobilize a number of social parties inside and outside the individual enterprise. (67761)

CIS 96-1671 Confidentiality of worker health records. (French: La confidentialité des dossiers médicaux des travailleurs) Ministry of Labour, Publications Section, 400 University Avenue, 9th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M7A 1T7, Canada, Jan. 1996. i, 12p., ISBN 0-7778-4929-1 (Eng), ISBN 0-7778-4930-5 (fr) (In English, French)

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This directive was designed to help employers, workers, members of joint health and safety committees and occupational health personnel meet the requirements regarding confidentiality of worker health records. It answers commonly asked questions on the appropriate handling of worker health records and considers both current accepted practice and regulatory requirements applicable in Ontario, including the Occupational Health and Safety Act (see CIS 87-730). (67746)

CIS 96-1672 Environmental, Health and Safety CFRs on CD ROM [USA]. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Illus. CD-ROM (for Windows 3.1, Windows 95, DOS or Macintosh). Price: (most recent quarterly update) - USD 395.00 (single user), USD 1,185.00 (network license); (1yr subscription, 4 quarterly updates) - USD 980.00 (single user), USD 2,940.00 (network license). ### (In English)

CD-ROM based compendium of US federal regulations dealing with environmental and occupational safety and health matters. Included are: Title 40 (EPA); Title 29 (OSHA, from parts 1900 to Part 1926); Title 49 (DOT: HAZMAT and related Parts 100-199, 301-399). (67789)

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CIS 96-1673 Pulmonary embolism and road transport - A recognized case of occupational accident. (French: Embolie pulmonaire et transport - A propos d'un cas reconnu en accident du travail) Laubignat J.F., Barraud P., Fontana L., Romain M.C., Cassagnes J., Catilina P., Chamoux A., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.474-475. 3 ref. (In French)

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A case of pulmonary embolism in a truck driver is described. Prolonged immobilization caused by a long journey appears to be the triggering factor. The medico-legal consequences are discussed. (67445)

CIS 96-1674 Economic and occupational activities at increased risk of mortality from lung tumours in Turin (1981-89) and Italy (1981-82). (Italian: Attività economiche e professioni ad elevato rischio di mortalità per tumore polmonare a Torino (1981-89) e in Italia (1981-82)) Lagorio S., Forastiere F., Rapiti E., Di Pietro A., Costa G., Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1995, Vol.86, No.4, p.309-324. 96 ref. (In Italian)

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This paper reports on excess lung cancer mortality in Italy by industry and occupation. The study population consists of subjects included in the Italian Cross-Sectional Study (STI) and in the Turin Longitudinal Study (SLT), both of which are surveys based on record-linkage procedures between census records and death certificates. Only persons aged 18-64 years at entry, and economically active, were eligible for the occupational mortality analysis (i.e. 15,734 deceased individuals out of 13 million subjects in the STI, and 435,608 individuals, among whom 10,789 deaths occurred, in the SLT). Lung cancer relative risks by category of industry and job were estimated as mortality odds ratios (MOR) in the STI, and as observed to expected death ratios (SMR) in the SLT. Only excess risks based on ≥3 observed cases and with p<0.1, were included in the report. Lung cancer mortality was increased in different industries and jobs. The excess risks found in the machine working and transport industries are of particular interest from the perspective of public health, due to the large number of Italian workers employed in these sectors. From an aetiologic point of view, however, careful attention should be paid to the excess lung cancer risks among workers in the woodworking industry, in meat preparation, and in nursing occupations, where detailed analytical studies of exposure profile and cancer risk are warranted. (67484)

CIS 96-1675 Incidence of occupational asthma and persistent asthma in young adults has increased in Finland. Reijula K., Haahtela T., Klaukka T., Rantanen J., Chest, July 1996, Vol.110, No.1, p.58-61. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

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To investigate the incidence of occupational asthma in Finland and its relationship to new cases of persistent asthma, data were collected from two national registers, which cover practically all new cases of both types of asthma. From 1986 to 1993, the annual incidence of persistent asthma in adults (from 15 to 64 years) increased from 6,645 to 8,056 (21%). The incidence of asthma in women increased from 3,302 to 4,717 (43%). In the age group of 15-29 the increase was 91%, in 30-49 it was 60% and in 50-64 the increase was 7%. Among men, in the age group of 15-29 it increased by 87%, in 30-49 by 46%, while a decrease of 43% was detected in the age group of 50-64 years. During the same period, the annual incidence of occupational asthma increased from 227 to 386 (70%), from 109 to 185 (70%) in women and from 118 to 201 (70%) in men. In 1993 the population in Finland in the age range from 15-64 was 2.026 million. Thus, the incidence of persistent asthma was 0.4%. The proportion of newly diagnosed occupational asthma out of all new cases of asthma was 4.8%. (67486)

CIS 96-1676 Job-related vein disorders in heavy industry, construction and the service industries. (Italian: Flebopatie professionali nell'industria, nell'edilizia e nel terziario) Tomei F., Baccolo T.P., Papaleo B., Rosati M.V., Magrini L., Iavicoli S., Fantini S., Scarselli R., Palmi S., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-June 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.123-155. Illus. 44 ref. (In Italian)

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Insufficient information on the influence of work on vein disorders was obtained from a literature review. The authors therefore studied by means of a questionnaire and clinical examinations 447 male subjects, who belonged to three different occupational categories: 151 industrial workers, 159 construction workers and 137 office workers. Particular consideration was given to the time spent in different postures at the workplace. The three groups were comparable in terms of age and other risk factors. Vein disorders were found in 38.4% of the heavy industry workers, 25.1% of construction industry workers and 22.6% of the office workers. The main work-related risk factor inducing vein disorders was identified as keeping a standing posture for a period equal or greater than 50% of the working time. (67545)

CIS 96-1677 Epidemiological aspects of cancer risk associated with exposure in the occupational environment. Simonato L., Boffetta P., Kogevinas M., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.5-15. 24 ref. (In English)

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The contribution and limitations of epidemiological research on cancer risks from exposure in the occupational environment is analyzed in this review, using essentially the information gathered through the years by the Monograph Programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Occupations and industries recognized as presenting a carcinogenic risk for which sufficient evidence has been found by IARC are listed in one table. A second table includes occupations and industries, for which the assessment of carcinogenic risk is not definitive. Among other critical aspects it is emphasized that this epidemiological research is carried out only in a few highly industrialized countries. It should be concluded that an overall estimate of the proportions of cancers due to occupational exposure is not feasible and can be misleading because extrapolation to different populations is not necessarily justified. (67556)

CIS 96-1678 Male cancer incidence by occupation: New Zealand, 1972-1984. Firth H.M., Cooke K.R., Herbison G.P., International Journal of Epidemiology, Feb. 1996, Vol.25, No.1, p.14-21. Illus. 54 ref. (In English)

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Occupational groups with increased incidence of cancer in male workers for the period 1972-1984 in New Zealand were identified for the first time. Standardized incidence rates (SIRs, i.e. the ratio between the number of registrations observed in the occupational group under study and the total number of expected registrations, multiplied by 100) for age and socioeconomic level ratios were calculated for males 15-64 years old for all cancers combined and for site-specific cancers by occupational group. Standardized rates were also calculated by socioeconomic level (SIR₂). Higher socioeconomic levels had in general lower all-cancer incidence ratios. However, the highest socioeconomic level had a higher all-cancer incidence rate. After socioeconomic adjustment, an increased incidence ratio for lung cancer was found for jewellery and precious metal workers (SIR₂ = 241) and bricklayers and carpenters (SIR₂ = 130). Woodworkers had increased ratios for stomach (SIR₂ = 144) and rectal cancer (SIR₂ = 146). Firefighters had an increase for laryngeal cancer (SIR₂ = 1074), presumably due to their exposure to a range of respiratory hazards in the course of their work. Research appears to be warranted to further investigate associations of the exposed categories of workers. (67561)

CIS 96-1679 Use of biomarkers to investigate occupational and environmental lung disorders. Schulte P.A., Chest, Mar. 1996, Vol.109, No.3 Supplement, p.9S-12S. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

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From a review of selected studies on occupational and environmental lung diseases (malignant and nonmalignant) the present difficulties in adding biomarkers (biological markers) to the tools for their investigation are discussed. An interdisciplinary approach, based on a matrix of biomarker combinations, is therefore proposed as the most suitable. (67563)

CIS 96-1680 Role of the neurologist in hazard identification and risk assessment. Feldman R.G., White R.F., Environmental Health Perspectives, Apr. 1996, Vol.104, Suppl. 2, p.227-237. 27 ref. (In English)

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This review emphasizes the difficulties in differentiating neurotoxic from non-neurotoxic disease when a suspicion arises of environmental substances capable of producing neurologic impairment. When many people are exposed to neurotoxicants, the effects may vary because of differences in susceptibility, duration of exposure, dosage of neurotoxicant and other risk factors. A comprehensive table is included, listing neurological symptoms, the possible causal neurotoxicants (metals, solvents, insecticides etc.) and their major uses in different industries. Sensitive electrophysiological and neuropsychological test batteries are described in terms of their usefulness in identifying subclinical impairment and in providing objective confirmation of abnormalities in the central and peripheral nervous systems. A detailed protocol is proposed on essential questions to be answered in order to arrive at the diagnosis of neurotoxic disease and to eliminate as many confounding variables as possible. This scheme (the Boston University Environmental Neurology Assessment - BUENA) attempts to combine epidemiologic methodology and clinical approaches to detect such effects. The advantages and limitations of such a strategy are discussed. (67564)

CIS 96-1681 Choosing optimal values of FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC for surveillance for respiratory disorders in occupational populations. Post W.K., Steyerberg E., Burdorf A., Heederik D., Kromhout D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.673-680. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

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The diagnostic performance of two spirometric parameters FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC was evaluated by applying relative operating characteristics curves (ROCs) to data for a cohort gathered in 1965. Both parameters showed quite similar ROCs, with a maximal sensitivity of 40% at a specificity of 95% relative to the physician's diagnosis of respiratory disorder. The area under the curves indicated that misclassification of 25% of subjects was likely to occur. The determination of optimal cut-off points in relation to false-positive and false-negative results is discussed. The study illustrates the usefulness of decision analysis techniques in arriving at an optimal diagnosis. (67584)

CIS 96-1682 Cold urticaria as an occupational dermatosis. Fitzgerald D.A., Heagerty A.H.M., English J.S.C., Contact Dermatitis, Apr. 1995, Vol.32, No.4, p.238. 7 ref. (In English)

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A 45-year-old female pottery worker presented with a six-month history of intermittent swelling and itching of the hands. This generally occurred during the course of her work as a lithographer, which consisted of manually immersing transfers in a cold solution and applying them to pieces of finished pottery. She had no history of skin disease. Examination was initially unremarkable, but application of an ice cube wrapped in a polyethylene bag to the forearm for two minutes resulted in a pronounced urticaria weal, which persisted for approximately 30min and was accompanied by intense pruritus. Cold urticaria should be considered as a skin disease of potentially occupational origin. (67721)

CIS 96-1683 National Association of Occupational Medicine and Ergonomics of Health Care Personnel - 31st National Workshop. (French: Association nationale de médecine du travail et d'ergonomie du personnel des hôpitaux - XXXIe Journées nationales de formation) Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.569-596. Illus. (In French)

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Subjects of reports presented at the 31st National Association of Occupational Medicine and Ergonomics of Health Care Personnel, held at Bordeaux, France, 21-23 Sept. 1994 on specific occupational risks and pathology in health care workers. Topic I - Remaining in good health and prevention of physical and infectious risks (good practices in molecular biology laboratories; prevention among hospital staff who handle cytotoxic injectable drugs; contamination by anaesthetic gases in operating theatres; viral hepatitis in the French National Health Service in 1993). Topic II - Health of the staff and hospital policy management (specific factors influencing hospital staff health: constraints; ethics and health in hospital work; setting up of a "school" for back problems and assessment of results after one year). Topic III - Technical note (spinal pain among hospital staff; prevalence of slipped discs; medico-legal aspects). (67745)

CIS 96-1684 Comparative measurements of pulmonary function in forestry workers on days with low and high ozone concentration. (German: Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Lungenfunktion von Waldarbeitern an Tagen mit niedrigen und erhöhten Ozonkonzentrationen) Höppe P., Lindner J., Praml G., Edrich F., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, July 1994, Vol.44, No.7, p.236-242. Illus. 13 ref. (In German)

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Airway resistance significantly increased and peak expiratory flow significantly decreased in forestry workers on days with high ozone concentration. These are the most important results of pulmonary function measurements taken on days with low ozone concentration (63µg/m³) and on days with high ozone concentration (128µg/m³). The ozone values represent the averages of the peak ozone concentrations measured between 29 March and 15 April 1993 and between 31 August and 9 September 1993. A total of 41 forestry workers in Germany participated in the 1993 study. The highest ozone concentration measured during the study periods reached 154µg/m³. (67449)

CIS 96-1685 The epidemiological information system of the French national electricity and gas company: The SI-EPI project. Goldberg M., Chevalier A., Imbernon E., Coing F., Pons H., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.16-28. 54 ref. (In English)

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This report describes the epidemiological information system (SI-EPI), developed by Electricité de France-Gaz de France (EDF-GDF). This system covers data on approximately 150,000 workers involved in the production, transmission and distribution of energy. The databases constituting SI-EPI deal with: population aspects, health aspects, occupational exposure and working conditions. The latter includes information on exposure to 30 potentially carcinogenic agents, as well as surveillance aspects. Beside these, the cohort database, called GAZEL, concerns a sample of more than 20,000 volunteer workers, followed since 1989. From the beginning of the SI-EPI project in 1978, one or more of its databases have provided data for many epidemiological studies in various contexts, e.g.: mortality and morbidity studies. (67557)

CIS 96-1686 Occupational asthma due to egg protein sensitization: A case report. (Italian: Asma bronchiale professionale da sensibilizzazione alle proteine dell'uovo: Presentazione di un caso clinico) Todaro A., Pogliaghi L., Spezio E., Zaratin L., Nava C., Archivio di Scienze del Lavoro, July-Sep. 1993, Vol.9, No.3, p.165-167. 15 ref. (In Italian)

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A case is reported of bronchial asthma induced by egg proteins sensitization in a professional confectioner. This patient was already known to be allergic to: wheat flour, mites and egg white and egg yolk. Exposure to only egg was able to evoke asthma. It was concluded that sensitization to more common allergens for bakers and confectioners, like wheat flour and yeast-powders, is not the only possible source of occupational asthma in these workers. Therefore allergological tests must be conducted for all ingredients used in the workplace. (67548)

CIS 96-1687 Work characteristics and lifestyle as predictors in the development of chronic non-specific lung disease among elderly municipal employees. Tammilehto L., Tuomi K., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.134-137. 20 ref. (In English)

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Baseline data were collected in 1981 from 5386 municipal employees in Finland who had no diagnosed chronic non-specific lung disease (CNSLD) in order to study prospectively evaluated factors of working conditions and lifestyle in the development of CNSLD. The differences in the predictors of the incidence of CNSLD between men and women were partly explained by different smoking habits, frequency of atopy and working conditions. (67738)

CIS 96-1688 Atopy, asthma and the evaluation of preemployment fitness. (Italian: Atopia, asma e guidizio di idoneità in preassunzione) Innocenti A., Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1995, Vol.86, No.4, p.303-308. 36 ref. (In Italian)

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It has been assumed that atopy, with a prevalence in the general population around 30%, is a predictive factor useful in the prevention of occupational allergic asthma, but literature data show that the hypothetical exclusion of 23% of total job applicants (because they are atopic) would seem to prevent only 55% of asthma cases. The pre-employment medical examination is a practice viewed as important by some Italian laws, but its efficacy with regard to atopy is a matter of controversy. The conclusion of the author is that the concept of discrimination in employment founded on the presence of atopy is scientifically unsubstantiated and ethically unacceptable. (67483)

CIS 96-1689 Medical causation analysis heuristics. Harber P., Shusterman D., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.577-586. 3 ref. (In English)

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Processes used in determining whether a patient's illness is the result of an occupational or environmental exposure are reviewed. The meaning of causation is discussed in terms of the target of what is caused (disease, impairment, disability) and the forms of causation (direct cause, contributing cause, host factor-occupational interaction, precipitation, acceleration). Causation analysis heuristic models are described and differences in process, outcome, and fundamental assumptions are discussed. Formal assessment of the medical causation analysis process can provide insight and may ultimately lead to its standardization and improvement. (67422)

CIS 96-1690 Occupational and environmental medicine in preventionist residency training programs. Cordes D.H., Rea D.F., Rea J.L., Peate W.F., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.615-618. 19 ref. (In English)

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A questionnaire survey investigated the inclusion of occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) training within general preventive medicine and combined general preventive medicine/public health programmes. Of the 14 programmes surveyed, over 50% included OEM training opportunities. Some graduates obtained employment in positions related to this training and some went on to receive formal certification. Preventive medicine training programmes with an emphasis on OEM may provide an avenue for training and certification in this area. (67427)

CIS 96-1691 Civil and criminal liability of the occupational physician. (French: La responsabilité civile et pénale du médecin du travail) Zajac P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.457-466. 5 ref. (In French)

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While exercising his/her professional activity, an occupational physician may commit medical or administrative mistakes involving criminal or civil liability towards employees. To establish this liability, the victim must prove that a mistake has been made, that there has been damage and that there is a direct link between the mistake and the damage. When the damage involves bodily injury resulting from an occupational disease or accident, civil liability claims in France against the employer or his/her agents are lifted in favour of a lump-sum compensation payment. Criminal liability by the occupational physician, often limited to cases of breaches of confidence, can also be invoked in other cases as defined by French labour legislation. (67442)

CIS 96-1692 Urinary cytology in occupational medicine. (French: Cytologie urinaire en médecine du travail) Masure M., Touche S., Visseaux-Coletto B., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1996, No.66, p.95-99. Illus. 9 ref. (In French)

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In France, compensation of pathologies induced by aromatic amines and derived substances has been modified under the Decree of 6 Nov. 95. Former Schedule 15 of occupational diseases is now divided into 3 parts with 3 groups of pathologies. In Schedule 15 ter, one of the main changes deals with the identification and recognition of bladder damage. For the purpose of diagnosis, invasive exploration as practised in cystoscopic tests is no longer the only reference test. The circumstances and conditions under which this modification of screening practices may be applied as well as the results which can be expected and their interpretation are spelled out. (67466)

CIS 96-1693 Decree 96-445 of 22 May 1996 modifying and completing the schedules on occupational diseases appended to Book IV of the Social Labour Code [France]. (French: Décret n°96-445 du 22 mai 1996 modifiant et complétant les tableaux de maladies professionnelles annexés au livre IV du Code de la Sécurité sociale [France]) Leprince A., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1996, No.66, p.159-165. 4 ref. (In French)

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French Decree 96-445 of 22 May 1996 (published in J.O. of 25 May 1996) brings about the following changes to the schedules of occupational diseases: modification of schedule 13 which is renamed "Occupational poisoning by nitro and chloronitro compounds of benzene hydrocarbons"; replacement of schedule 30 by a new schedule; inclusion, following this new schedule of schedule 30 bis "Bronchopulmonary cancer caused by the inhalation of asbestos dust"; inclusion following schedule 93 of schedule 94 "Chronic obstructive bronchopulmonary disease of the iron miner". Each new schedule (whether modified or new) is accompanied by commentaries on the basis of reports presented to the Commission of occupational diseases. (67470)

CIS 96-1694 Occupational health: An international perspective. Contemporary trends in occupational health. (French: Santé au travail: une perspective internationale. Tendances actuelles en Santé au Travail) Coppée G.H., Médecine et travail, June 1996, No.2, p.37-46. (In French)

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Overview of present trends in occupational health at the international level. Principal themes: evolution away from a strategy of health protection to a strategy of establishing and maintaining a safe and reliable workplace; the goal of protecting workers' health and preserving their jobs; the importance of corporate cultures that favor occupational health and safety; improving working conditions in the enterprise by active cooperation between employers and workers. (67718)

CIS 96-1695 Chest radiography and computed tomography scans in the first stages of simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis. (French: Radiographie et scanner thoracique dans les premiers stades de pneumoconiose des mineurs de charbon) Rebstock-Bourgkard E., Bertrand J.P., Chau N., Bernadac P., Mahieu B., Vandeweghe S., Bertal A., Pham Q.T., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.543-550. Illus. 24 ref. (In French)

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Study on the contribution of computed tomography scans to the diagnosis of the early stages of pneumoconiosis when interobserver variability is significant and images unremarkable. Computed tomography (CT) scans provide additional information on micronodules, which are diffuse, posterior and peripheral at early stages of pneumoconiosis. Since half of the pneumoconioses with ILO classification 0/1 or 1/0 affecting coal miners in the Lorraine region in France evolve within four years into a 1/1 pneumoconiosis or higher, it is suggested that screening specificity should be improved. The complementarity of CT evaluation and chest radiography is obvious; when the diagnosis of the first stages of simple coal-worker's pneumoconiosis is not certain, CT scanning provides more information on pulmonary abnormalities and distinguishes between pneumoconiotic opacities, chronic lung diseases and emphysema. (67742)

CIS 96-1696 Evaluation of socio-economic status in epidemiological surveys: Proposals from the "Brianza Area" MONICA Project. (Italian: La valutazione dello stato socio-economico nelle indagini epidemiologiche: ipotesi di studio nell'ambito del progetto MONICA - "Area Brianza") Cesana G.C., Ferrario M., De Vito G., Sega R., Grieco A., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.86, No.1, p.16-26. Illus. 29 ref. (In Italian)

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As a development of the WHO MONICA project (MONItoring CARdiovascular diseases), the MOPSY questionnaire (MOnica PSYchosocial sub-study) was administered to 1731 subjects in northern Italy, in order to develop a socio-economic status (SES) index. Four variables were considered: age, education, occupational level and job-strain. A model is presented by which each subject is classified according to three levels of education and occupation: high, medium and low. By means of this index it is postulated that the "low" SES category, presumably more at risk of contracting a job-related cardiovascular disease, might be identified. (67554)

CIS 96-1697 An "atomic" approach to dis/ability assessment. Harber P., Hsu P., Chen W., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.359-366. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Due to the difficulties occurring in disability and ability assessments, an "atomic" approach was developed: first disaggregating the entire process into its smallest possible components (atoms) and then seeking a method for reintegrating the information. Basic "atomic" units cover the structural components of diagnostic confirmation, medical impact assessment, work characterization (disaggregating the job into its components) and work demand indices. In the next step of integration any individual component may be associated with several additional items, in order to cover new situations. The proposed approach is considered applicable in individual cases and useful for the development of guidelines, and its application is recommended because there is no consensus on the proper methods to be used. (67703)

CIS 96-1698 Cancer incidence and mortality trends in northeastern Ontario. Lightfoot N.E., Fehringer G.M., Bissett R.J., McChesney D.C., White J.J., Canadian Journal of Public Health - Revue canadienne de santé publique, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.17-24. 72 ref. (In English)

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This study focuses on long-term excesses and deficits in cancer incidence and mortality over two decades (1971-1980 and 1981-1990) in northeastern Ontario (Canada). Historically, the principal occupations were those in mining, forestry and lumbering, agriculture, railways, and pulp and paper. At present, it is known for: mining; community, business, and personal services; trade; manufacturing; construction. Comparison with all of Ontario has revealed statistically significant excesses, at the 5% significance level or higher, of cancers of the trachea, bronchus and lung and of overall deaths in men; for women, excesses were observed for trachea, bronchus and lung cancer cases, and cervical cancer cases and deaths. Because of the descriptive nature of this study it was not possible to identify specific causes of particular cancers. Enhanced recruitment strategies and early educational interventions were identified as priorities. (67566)

CIS 96-1699 Research on skin-related health problems in working life - An international evaluation. Hannuksela M., Bruynzeel D.P., Czarnetzki B.M., Thestrup-Pedersen K., White I.R., Arbetslivsinstitutet, Swedish Council for Work Life Research, 171 84 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden, 1996. 50p., ISBN 91-88530-40-X (In English)

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This report evaluates the work of eight research groups carrying out research into dermatological problems in working life. Aspects evaluated include the quality and significance of published results, competence of the research group, feasibility and significance of research plans, and the applicability of the results achieved and to be expected. Recommendations are put forward for each group. (67539)

CIS 96-1700 Lung function - Assessment and application in medicine. Cotes J.E., ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL, United Kingdom, 5th ed., 1993. xi, 768p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 79.50., ISBN 0-632-03526-9 (In English)

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Contents of this revised manual: historical review and future prospects; terminology; basic equipment and methods; lung function testing; structure, expansion and movement of the lung; assessment of mechanical and ventilatory indices of lung function; distribution of ventilation and perfusion; assessment of distribution of ventilation and of blood flow through the lung; gas exchange; measurement of transfer factor (diffusing capacity) and its subdivisions; control of respiration; assessment of respiratory control; factors which limit exercise; assessment of the physiological response to exercise; determinants and reference values of lung function throughout life; lung function in disease; physiological aspects of treatment. (67527)

CIS 96-1701 Occupational asthma and other respiratory diseases. Madan I., British Medical Journal, Aug. 1996, Vol.313, p.291-294. Illus. 2 ref. (In English)

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This article is a synopsis of information on the medical aspects of occupational asthma and other work-related respiratory disorders. The estimated number of cases of these disorders in 1994 in the UK (3267) are reported and broken down by category. Major causes of occupational asthma and groups at risk are analyzed, with indications of the most common respiratory sensitizers in the workplace. Some sensitizers might not be immediately obvious: e.g. latex gloves. The diagnostic aspects and investigations to be performed on patients to identify specific causes are summarized. Pneumoconiosis, extrinsic allergic alveolitis and non-malignant and malignant disorders induced by asbestos are also presented. Finally, the relative frequency of inhalation accidents is discussed, although fatalities from exposure to gases in the workplace are now rare in Britain. (67488)

CIS 96-1702 Occupational bronchopulmonary cancers. (French: Cancers bronchopulmonaires professionnels) Pairon J.C., Brochard P., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, Toxicologie-Pathologie professionnelle, 1st Quarter 1996, No.110, 10p. 92 ref. (In French)

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Occupational cancers represent a significant proportion of cancers (since 1981, estimated to be between 2 et 8% of all cancers). Among all sites, bronchopulmonary cancer (BPC) is the most frequent worldwide (10.4% of all cancers), with several aetiological factors identified. This type of cancer still affects more men than women and smoking remains by far the most important factor although many occupational determinants have been identified. According to some authors, 10 to 15% of primary bronchial cancers are occupational in origin, i.e. between 3,000 and 4,000 cases annually in France. According to a review of case-control studies, risks of this pathology attributable to occupation are between 1 and 40%, depending on the study. A more recent study evaluates the "specific" portion of occupational factors to probably less than 10% of all BPC cases. The significance of this disease in terms of public health as well as its prevention are highlighted. (67727)

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CIS 96-1703 The Gran Sasso Laboratory: Technology and safety in underground workplaces. (Italian: Il laboratorio del Gran Sasso - tecnologia e sicurezza nei lavori in sotteraneo) Valeriani L., Benvenuti F., Prevenzione oggi, 1995, Vol.7, No.1 (special issue), p.1-206. Illus. (In Italian)

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This monograph deals with the occupational safety problems studied by ISPESL (Istituto Superiore Prevenzione e Sicurezza Lavoro) at the Gran Sasso Laboratory (GSL), located on the highway connecting Rome to L'Aquila in central Italy. This laboratory was built alongside the Gran Sasso tunnel (10.4km long) to allow unique experimental investigations of cosmic particles. Thanks to the thickness of the rock overburden, the underground laboratory is very efficiently shielded from cosmic rays and in addition the rock is characterized by a low level of natural radioactivity, thus only neutrinos and high energy particles can be detected. The GSL consists of three experimental halls and a series of connecting tunnels and service areas. Particular consideration was given to structural measures in building the different tunnels halls and special doors in order to prevent risks of fire, toxic fumes, explosions and falls of rocks. The measures adopted for ventilation and electrical equipments are also reported in detail. Safety and emergency measures are illustrated for external buildings and laboratories e.g. avalanche protection. (67547)

CIS 96-1704 Risk factors and health conditions in the fishing industry. (Italian: Fattori di rischio e condizioni di salute nel lavoro della pesca) Tozzi G.A., Archivio di Scienze del Lavoro, July-Sep. 1993, Vol.9, No.3, p.235-243. 50 ref. (In Italian)

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For the European Year of Safety, Hygiene and Health at Work 1992 the European Communities considered fishing among their priority sectors. Epidemiological aspects and prevention experiences were therefore studied, confirming that in Italy fishing is a highly hazardous occupation. Risk factors are due to the natural environment (in case of events like shipwrecks, man overboard), to the on-board environment (noise, heavy shift work, dangerous fishing equipment) and also to the lifestyle of the fishermen. Prevention plans ought to consider the prevalence of small enterprises and the presently limited possibilities of preventive action in this sector by safety and health institutions. (67549)

CIS 96-1705 Injuries among construction workers in rural Iowa: Emergency department surveillance. Zwerling C., Miller E.R., Lynch C.F., Torner J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.698-704. 15 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of emergency department admissions data at nine rural hospitals in the State of Iowa (USA) identified 1,843 patients with known occupations, 189 of whom were construction workers. Approximately half of the construction workers' injuries were work-related; their work-related injury rate was more than four times that of all other employed people. Most frequent injuries were open wounds, fractures and dislocations, and contusions, injuries similar to those of other workers. Construction workers had a higher proportion of burns than other workers. Emergency department surveillance provides a valuable tool in the characterization of construction workers' injuries. (67588)

CIS 96-1706 A safety officer's notes: Rough guide to dogs. Hodgson L., Dixon J., Taylor R., Boocock G., Safety Review (Electricity Association), Sep. 1996, No.60, insert p.i-vii. 2 ref. (In English)

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The hazards of dog attacks on electricity metering staff are described and precautions are outlined. Typical behaviour patterns of different breeds of dogs are described along with ways of approaching them, first aid in case of a dog bite, reporting of incidents and legal provisions in the United Kingdom. (67611)

CIS 96-1707 CEP survey suggests safer plants, but ... Caruana C.M., Chemical Engineering Progress, Mar. 1996, Vol.92, No.3, p.11-14. (In English)

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In an informal questionnaire survey of workers in the U.S. chemical process industries, almost all of the 157 respondents said they felt safe at their workplace. 31% cited increased workload as the most negative factor in maintaining plant safety; 34% believed attention to safety reviews and management of change and operating procedures were the most positive factors. 90% of respondents said that compliance requirements had increased during the past five years. The importance of management commitment to safety is highlighted. (67500)

CIS 96-1708 Occupational health I: Method of collective interviews applied to the study of the work-weariness process in workers of alcohol distillery plants in the Ribeirão Preto region (Brazil). (Portuguese: Saúde do trabalhador I: O método de entrevistas coletivas aplicado ao estudo do processo trabalho-desgaste operário em destilaria de álcool na região de Ribeirão Preto) Pinheiro S.A., Ruffino Netto A., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.22, No.83, p.51-61. 24 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

Article on the use of collective interviews for the diagnosis of work weariness among workers in a Brazilian distillery. (67780)

CIS 96-1709 Freezing installations - Biting and truly "cool". (German: Plattenfroster - ätzend und echt cool) Mä, FBG-Forum, Feb. 1995, No.1, p.6-7. Illus. 6 ref. (In German)

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Freezers used in the meat industry to deep-freeze meat require ammonia as refrigerant. Because ammonia is caustic and explosive, rooms containing meat freezers need to be equipped with sprinklers. The water mist produced by the sprinklers binds and dilutes accidentally released ammonia. The emergency exit may at no point be further away than 20m. In rooms in which more than 100kg ammonia are in use as the refrigerant at least 2 self-contained respirators and 2 protective overalls need to be readily available at all times. Employees need to be informed about the hazards posed by ammonia. In addition, employees need to be protected from the cold and moisture by the wearing of protective gloves and shoes and from lifting and carrying heavy loads by the use of elevating platforms. Anti-slip floors are needed to prevent falls. (67699)

CIS 96-1710 Women's work experiences and health in a male-dominated industry. Bergman B., Carlsson S.G., Wright I., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.663-672. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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Questionnaire surveys regarding the work environment, quality of life and health were carried out among 47 women working in the Swedish motor vehicle industry; two assessments were made with 4 to 9 years in between. Changes in work-role quality and in quality of life were associated with changes in somatic disorders and psychological distress. Based on in-depth interviews with four women, a theoretical model was developed to illustrate the effects on women's health of the surrounding organization and culture and the kind of leadership practised. (67583)

CIS 96-1711 Work-related accidents among minors in Lombardy. (Italian: Gli infortuni sul lavoro nei minori in Lombardia) Pianosi G., Zocchetti C., Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1995, Vol.86, No.4, p.332-340. 22 ref. (In Italian)

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This paper examines work-related injuries in children and adolescent who received compensation and which occurred in the Lombardy Region (Italy) between 1984 and 1989. The injuries occurring in the same period and area in workers over 18 years of age were used for comparison. Work-related injuries in minors were more frequent in craft activities than in industry, but their severity (in terms of deaths or permanent consequences) was lower than in the corresponding adult workers. Ninety percent of the events in young workers occurred in males, in each age category, and about 5% of the cases occurred in very young workers (less than 15 years). Cuts/lacerations are the most frequent type of lesion (49.9%), with hands being the site most frequently involved (55.5%). About 75% of the cases occurred in ten economic sectors. Metal manufacturing, construction and machine production scored first, with interesting correlations with the same sectors in adult workers. The prevalence of injuries in craft activities and the high frequency of occurrence in a limited number of specific economic sectors and/or occupations suggest some priorities for intervention, i.e. the involvement of paediatricians with experience in the prevention of accidents in children. (67485)

CIS 96-1712 Some experiences of safety activities in the faculty of engineering of one university. (Japanese: Daigaku kōgakubu ni okeru anzen katsudō no keiken) Shimizu H., Journal of the Japan Society for Safety Engineering - Anzen kōgaku, 1 Aug. 1994, Vol.33, No.4, p.226-228. 2 ref. (In Japanese)

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The author reviews his experience as chairman of the safety committee set up in the faculty of engineering of Yokohama National University. Safety activities at educational institutions in Japan only began recently. Among such activities are the publication of safety manuals, safety patrols in laboratories and reporting and analysis of accidents. The roles of legislation and of the management of educational institutions in eliminating safety problems are discussed, and some suggestions are made. (67755)

CIS 96-1713 Car repair etc. (Danish: Autoreparation m.v.) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 58p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-514-5 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish automotive repair industry. There are about 17,500 persons employed in the reparation, painting etc. of motor vehicles, which corresponds to less than 1% of the active working population. This business sector is dominated by small enterprises. There are fewer than 10 employees at 95% of the enterprises. About 85% of the employees in this sector work in car repair shops, body shops and car painting shops. The work is dominated by assembly, repair and surface treatment. The principal harmful work environment factors in this sector are noise and exposure to chemicals (brain injuries, skin diseases). Other factors are strain injuries, accidents (most frequent in car repair shops) and low levels of autonomy. Most accidents in this sector occur in repair shops, but the incidence of reported accidents is below the average for all industries. (67473)

CIS 96-1714 The green professions. (Danish: Det grønne område) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 73p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-504-8 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in Danish agriculture, gardening, forestry and other related industries. This area is characterized by work outdoors with possibilities of independence,autonomy and cooperation. The main working environment problems are accidents, noise and strain injuries. Other problems are skin diseases and respiratory diseases. Mortality is low in this area. During the period 1989-93, the area had the highest number of reported fatal accidents, of which 84% occurred in agriculture. Fatal accidents are four times more common in this area than the average for all industries. 92% of all accidents in the area occurred in agriculture, gardening and forestry. During the period 1989-93, 19% of the reported accidents were serious, causing death, amputation, fractures or injuries to large portions of the body. (67458)

CIS 96-1715 Iron and metal industry. (Danish: Jern- og metalindustri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 96p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-512-9 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish iron and metal industry. The sector is characterized by many different operations, including the processing and assembly of metal and metal articles with large and small machines as well as with hand tools. Many different materials and chemicals are used. Other activities include the handling and transportation of articles and the collecting, monitoring and dissemination of information. Exposure to all well-known working environment factors can be found in this sector. The highest exposures are found in shipbuilding. The principal problems in different parts of the industry are: iron and metal goods industry - strain injuries, noise and accidents (other factors are brain injuries and respiratory diseases); machine processing - noise, strain injuries and accidents (also respiratory diseases); electronics industry - strain injuries and skin diseases (also respiratory diseases); shipbuilding yards - noise, strain injuries and accidents (also brain injuries and cancer); instrument, gold and silver industries - strain injuries and respiratory diseases. (67472)

CIS 96-1716 Construction industry. (Danish: Bygge og anlæg) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 78p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-516-1 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish construction industry. The main harmful working environment factors are: accidents, noise and strain injuries. The incidence of reported accidents is 26 per 1000 employees, which is higher than the average for all industries. Most reported accidents are cuts and abrasions. The incidence of reported serious accidents is also higher in this sector than the average for all industries. Contractors report most accidents in general while public construction enterprises report most fatal accidents and serious accidents. Noise is more common in this industry than others. Hearing damage is the most frequently reported accident and is more frequent in this sector than the average for all industries. Most reported hearing damage occurs among carpenters and joiners. Lifting heavy things and strained work postures are more common in this sector than others; working in a squatting position is common. Monotonous work also occurs. Other harmful work environment factors in this sector are exposure to chemicals, vibrations and thermal factors. (67474)

CIS 96-1717 Transport industry. (Danish: Transportområdet) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 88p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-524-2 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish transport industry. The industry is characterized by all kinds of transport, work in storage areas and warehouses and some types of administrative work. The problems of drivers in other industries is also dealt with. The main working environment problems in the transport industry, and for drivers in all industries are: accidents, strain injuries and noise. The incidence of reported accidents in the transport industry is 25 accidents per 1000 employees, which is higher than the average for all industries. Drivers, but not the transport industry, report more serious accidents than the average for all industries. Lifting heavy things and strained work postures are common in the transport industry and for all drivers. The incidence of reported strain injuries in the transport industry is higher than the average of all industries. The incidence of hearing damage is also higher than the average. Noise is common in drivers' work, in loading and unloading, on railways and especially at airports. Other problems are whole-body vibration and psychological effects. There are more reports in the transport industry than the average of all industries of low influence on work and little possibility of cooperation and social support. Both tendencies are even more common among drivers in all industries. (67477)

CIS 96-1718 Cleaning, laundries and dry cleaning. (Danish: Rengøringsvirksomheder, vaskerier og renserier) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 78p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-499-8 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the cleaning, laundry and dry cleaning sectors in Denmark. This sector can be divided into cleaning, which is the main part, and other areas which include window-cleaning, chimney-sweeping, disinfection and pest control and laundries. Cleaning also includes cleaning carried out in other industrial sectors. The main working environment problems are: strain injuries, skin diseases and psychological stress. Other problems are respiratory diseases and accidents. There also seems to be an excess risk of complications of pregnancy. In smaller areas within this sector there are special problems: in laundries there are more cases of hearing damage, monotonous work and early retirement; in dry cleaning exposure to chemicals is higher and liver cancer and brain injuries are more common; chimney-sweepers are exposed to chemicals and have a higher risk of contracting cancer, non-allergic respiratory diseases and ischaemic heart disease. (67455)

CIS 96-1719 Chemical industry. (Danish: Kemisk industri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 83p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-530-7 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish chemical industry. About 49,000 people are employed in the industry, of which 1/5 work in the pharmaceutical sector. The main factors are: exposure to chemicals, accidents and strain injuries. Other factors are noise and whole-body vibration. These factors are common throughout the industry, but rubber and pharmaceutical factories, followed by those producing plastic packaging and plastic goods, are the most exposed sectors. (67480)

CIS 96-1720 Textile and clothing industry. (Danish: Tekstil- og beklædningsindustri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 69p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-526-9 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish textile and clothing industry. The industry is characterized by the handling and treating of textile and leather. It includes 37 different occupations with a total of 30,000 employees. The main problems are: strain injuries, exposure to chemicals and noise. Monotonous work in combination with an accelerated work rate seems to be very common. Exposure to dust, solvents, respiratory irritants and formaldehyde is the most common chemical factor. Another widespread factor is psychological effects. The incidence of reported sickness due to the working environment is high. Ready-made clothing factories, which include 1/3 of the employees in the industry, report most of such sicknesses but tanneries, cotton-mills, weaving mills and the clothing industry seem to be the most exposed occupations considering the number of employees. (67478)

CIS 96-1721 Food, beverage and tobacco industry. (Danish: Nærings- og nydelsesmiddelindustri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 75p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-502-1 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish food, beverage and tobacco industry. The largest sectors in this industry are bakeries (18%) and butchers dealing with pork (15%). Main problems: strain injuries, accidents, skin diseases, noise and thermal effects. Other problems are allergies and respiratory diseases. This industry has the highest incidence of accidents of any industry in Denmark. Monotonous work is a common problem. Respiratory diseases are especially common among bakers. There are also problems with circulatory diseases and gastric ulcer. Butchers also have problems with stress factors. There are several factors which might cause these problems, such as high working tempo and unsocial working hours. There are also some problems with infection. (67457)

CIS 96-1722 Occupational hazards in the beverage manufacturing industry - Report on the current situation. (Spanish: Riesgos profesionales en fabricación de bebidas - informe de situación) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1993. 181p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-385-3 (In Spanish)

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A survey was conducted of occupational hazards among the approx. 47,000 workers in the Spanish beverage manufacturing industry (1990 data); about 25% work in the beer and cider industry, the rest evenly divided between the manufacturing of wine and non-alcoholic beverages. This report covers: characteristics of the sector (number and distribution of workers, technology, accident statistics); definition and aims of the study (risk maps); methods used (analysis of the manufacturing process, data collection, description of the study sample, data analysis); results (general data; steam generators; electrical installations; machinery for materials movement; fire safety; compressed air; risks connected with work processes); conclusions and proposals for prevention. In annex: food additives; health risks due to the work environment; questionnaires used in the study. (67672)

CIS 96-1723 Woodworking and furniture industry. (Danish: Træ- og møbelindustri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 68p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-528-5 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish woodworking and furniture industry. The industry is characterized by the handling and treatment of wood. Around 35,000 are employed, of which about half are working in the furniture industry. Main factors and health problems are: exposure to chemicals, accidents, noise and strain injuries. Heavy lifting, monotonous work and exposure to solvents and dust are common. The most common occupational health problems are strain injuries, hearing damage, brain damage, skin diseases and respiratory diseases. Another factor is vibration. The incidence of reported occupational diseases and accidents is high. Generally, all factors seem to have similar frequencies in all occupations except accidents in sawmills. Diseases caused by chemicals and materials seem more common in furniture factories than in other occupations. Sawmills are noisier than other workplaces in the industry. (67479)

CIS 96-1724 Printing industry. (Danish: Grafisk industri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 62p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-518-8 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding work environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish printing industry. In this sector there are 56,000 employees, which corresponds to 2.1% of the active working population. The main harmful factors and health problems are: strain injuries, noise and organic solvents (brain damage). This sector is also characterized by accidents, but the incidence of reported accidents is lower than the average for all industries. (67475)

CIS 96-1725 Other common industries. (Danish: Anden almen industri) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 72p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-494-7 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish stone, ceramics and glass industry. Some other sectors (such as the instrumentation industry), which do not naturally belong to other groups of industries, are also included in this sector. There are about 42,000 employees in this group, of whom half work in the stone, ceramics and glass industry. The main working environment problems are noise, strain injuries, respiratory diseases and accidents. Other problems are exposure to chemicals and vibration. The incidence of reported occupational diseases and accidents is high. Since this group of industries is heterogeneous, working environments and their problems vary greatly. However, concrete and cement factories, glassworks and the paper industry seem to have the highest exposures to harmful factors. (67451)

CIS 96-1726 Occupational hazards in the manufacturing of ceramic products - Report on the current situation. (Spanish: Riesgos profesionales en fabricación de productos cerámicos - Informe de situación) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1992. 227p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-359-4 (In Spanish)

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A survey was conducted of occupational hazards among the approx. 40,000 workers (1989 data) in the Spanish ceramics manufacturing industry. This report covers: characteristics of the sector (number and distribution of workers, technology, accident statistics); definition and aims of the study (risk maps); methods used (analysis of the manufacturing process, description of the study sample, evaluation, data collection and analysis); results (general data; fire prevention; electrical safety; compressed air; materials movement; risks connected with work processes); conclusions and proposals for prevention. In annex: health risks due to the work environment; questionnaires used in the study. (67671)

CIS 96-1727 Offices and administration. (Danish: Kontor og administration) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 74p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-495-5 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in office and administrative work in Denmark. This review includes office and administrative work regardless of the industrial sector in which the work is carried out. The main working environment problems are: thermal environment, strain injuries and psychological stress. (67452)

CIS 96-1728 Retail trade. (Danish: Butiksområdet) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 66p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-492-0 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish retail trade. The main working environment problems are: strain injuries and skin diseases. Strain injuries are most common in supermarkets and department stores, especially at check-out counters. The enterprises where skin diseases are most common are butcher shops, supermarkets and department stores; the workers most at risk are those in the food sector. Another factor is the thermal environment. Cashiers are also exposed to psychological stress. In supermarkets and department stores occupational accidents are common. Complications of pregnancy are also a factor. Some groups are exposed to other factors; for example, workers in car and motorcycle shops are exposed to high levels of chemicals. (67453)

CIS 96-1729 Hotel and restaurant sector. (Danish: Hotel og restaurationsområdet) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 60p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-497-1 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish hotel and restaurant industry. The main working environment factors are: skin diseases and strain injuries. Other problems are psychological stress and occupational accidents. Occupational cancer has been asserted to be a problem, but there are uncertainties in its assessment. The sector also has excessive mortality, early retirements and many hospitalizations. (67454)

CIS 96-1730 Other services. (Danish: Anden service- og tjensteydelse) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 78p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-500-5 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in several branches of the Danish economy not covered by other publications in this series. These branches cover a very diverse range of activities of which defence and civil defence are the most important. (Areas not included are hotels and restaurants (CIS 96-1729), cleaning, laundries and dry cleaning (CIS 96-1718)). The most important problem is noise. Other problems are strain injuries, skin diseases, accidents, respiratory diseases, indoor climate, stress and bad lighting. In defence and civil defence the main problem is noise, followed by strain injuries and skin diseases, cold, heat and vibration. In public sanitation the main problems are accidents, strain injuries, skin diseases and biological agents which cause stomach and intestinal complaints. Sewage treatment has the same main problems as public sanitation plus vibration and indoor climate. In hairdressing the main problems are skin and respiratory diseases caused by cosmetics and strain injuries. The police and judicial system have special problems with accidents and psychological stress. (67456)

CIS 96-1731 Social work and health care area. (Danish: Social- og sundhedsområdet) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 99p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-506-4 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish social work and health care sector. The sector is very big with 16% of the active working population. The sector includes: hospitals, home-help services, retirement homes, dental services, veterinary services, pharmacies etc. The main working environment problems are: strain injuries, skin diseases and psychological effects. At retirement homes, accidents are also an important problem. Other problems for all areas are accidents, indoor climate, risk of infection and reproduction risks caused by strain injuries. Retirement homes and hospitals are the most exposed in the sector to strain injuries. Hospitals are the most affected by skin diseases. Retirement homes are the most exposed regarding psychological effects. Nursing, nurse's assistance work and cleaning assistance are the most exposed occupations regarding strain injuries. Workers in several occupations such as nurses, cleaners, home care assistants, house keepers and dental technicians have skin problems. Psychological effects are common among nurses, doctors, teachers and home care assistants. (67459)

CIS 96-1732 Training and research. (Danish: Undervisning og forskning) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 72p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-508-0 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish training and research sector. Teaching is the major occupation in the sector. The main working environment problems for teachers are indoor climate and psychological stress. Other problems are strain injuries (especially those caused by poor working postures) and irritating noise. For pregnant women, the diseases of childhood encountered in schools and nurseries are a risk as they can endanger the foetus. Other occupations have different problems e.g., cleaning assistance and housekeeping have strain injuries and skin diseases. In laboratory work exposure to chemicals and biological agents is common. Some specialized areas of education have problems not encountered in teaching in general. (67460)

CIS 96-1733 Wholesale trade. (Danish: Engroshandel) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 57p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-522-6 (In Danish)

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A systematic summary of publications and documentation regarding working environment factors and the state of workers' health in the Danish wholesale trade. This industry is characterized by the manual and mechanical handling of goods and by internal and external transport. Main harmful factors and health problems are: strain injuries, noise, skin diseases, respiratory diseases. (67476)

CIS 96-1734 Conditions of work of nursing personnel. (German: Arbeitsbedingte Belastungen des Pflegepersonals) Hofmann F., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Strasse 3, 86899 Landsberg, Germany, 1994. 120p. Illus. 299 ref. Price: DEM 42.00., ISBN 3-609-64400-1 (In German)

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Survey of the physical and mental requirements placed on nursing personnel as well as on the diseases and psychological effects their work may cause. Personnel caring for the elderly, sick children and adults have to lift and carry heavy loads, work in a bending posture and may be exposed to disinfectants, anaesthetics, cytostatic drugs, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, moulds and protozoa. The frequency rates of job-related accidents, spinal and skin diseases, infectious diseases such as hepatitis, AIDS, tuberculosis and cancer, are presented. (67693)

CIS 96-1735 Sector overview '95: Documentation on the working environment in 20 industrial sectors in Denmark. (Danish: Branchebilleder 95: En samlet dokumentation for arbetsmiljøet i 20 brancher) Arbejdstilsynet, At-Salg, Landskronagade 33, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 28p. Price: DKK 100.00 + tax., ISBN 87-7534-496-3 (In Danish)

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This publication presents the conclusions in Arbejdstilsynet's series of systematic summaries of working environment factors in 20 industrial sectors in Denmark. The main factors and health problems are: strain injuries, noise, accidents, skin diseases, psychological factors, exposure to chemicals, respiratory diseases, brain injuries, vibration, indoor climate, thermal factors and biological agents. (67471)

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CIS 96-1736 Automated brick-wall construction. (German: Automatisiertes Mauern) Hanser C., Jörgl H.P., Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, 1996, Vol.113, No.7/8, p.513-519. Illus. 7 ref. (In German)

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Report on the automated production of brick-wall elements according to DIN 1053/4. The social, technological and market-related constraints are investigated and the rules for a highly automated plant concept are derived. The automation system which was achieved according to this concept controls several robots, a brick saw, conveyors and other machines. The joint operation of all automated components, starting with the CAD-system via the supervisory control system down to the individual machine control systems, is explained. Finally, a preview of possible further developments and improvements in the automation system, as well as of technological plant modifications, is presented. (67722)

CIS 96-1737 European workshops on ECO products: Evaluation of the "Design for Health Profiler" - Proceedings. Benjamin Y., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. 52p. 4 ref. Price: ECU 7.00., ISBN 92-827-7790-1 (In English)

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Proceedings of workshops on the evaluation of a software tool called the "Design for Health Profiler", developed to help designers understand the environmental and health implications of design decisions. The system allows environmental criteria related to different user needs to be managed, evaluated and scored. The basic concepts of the system are described along with the evaluation technique used in the workshops and an overview of the findings. The system has the potential to audit or assess environmental concerns in fast screening techniques or in-depth studies. (67618)

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CIS 96-1738 Radiographic small lung opacities and pleural abnormalities in relation to smoking, urbanization status, and occupational asbestos exposure in Finland. Zitting A.J., Karjalainen A., Impivaara O., Kuusela T., Mäki J., Tossavainen A., Järvisalo J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.602-609. 19 ref. (In English)

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In a study of a representative sample of the Finnish adult population (7085 individuals), full-size chest radiographs were analyzed and data on urbanization status, health, smoking and occupational history were collected. The risk of bilateral pleural plaques was higher among urban men and women, even when adjusted for age and probability of occupational asbestos exposure and smoking. Risks of small lung opacities and thickening of the visceral pleura were positively associated with smoking and the risk of small lung opacities was also higher among smokers than non-smokers in the population fraction with unlikely occupational asbestos exposure. (67425)

CIS 96-1739 Reduction of lung dust burden in pneumoconiosis by whole-lung lavage. Wilt J.L., Banks D.E., Weissman D.N., Parker J.E., Vallyathan V., Castranova V., Dedhia H.V., Stulken E., Ma J.K.H., Ma J.Y.C., Cruzzavala J., Shumaker J., Childress C.P., Lapp N.L., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.619-624. Illus. 35 ref. (In English)

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While no effective therapy exists to prevent the progression of pneumoconioses, whole-lung lavage (WLL) might limit the rate of disease progression through the removal of dust, inflammatory cells and cytokines. WLL was performed on two miners who both demonstrated normal lung function and chest radiographs showing ILO profusion category 2 nodular interstitial changes. Relatively large quantities of non-coal mineral dust and cells were recovered along with proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors and cellular enzymes. Long-term clinical trials are necessary to establish the value of this treatment in the management of dust-induced pulmonary disease. (67428)

CIS 96-1740 Workers exposed to flour dust in flour mills and bakeries. Symptoms and functional respiratory tests. (French: Salariés exposés aux poussières de farine dans les secteurs de la meunerie et de la boulangerie. Symptômes et épreuves fonctionnelles respiratoires) Massin N., Bohadana A., Toamain J.P., Wild P., Kolopp M.N., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1996, No.66, p.109-114. 24 ref. (In French)

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Grain and flour dust induce allergic reactions as well as chronic respiratory disorders. Respiratory epidemiological studies have often been performed among silo workers and bakers but very rarely among flour mill workers. Flour is a complex product mainly made up of starch (70%) and gluten (approx. 12%). Depending on its intended use, substances such as ascorbic acid, soya bean flour, etc. may be added. In addition, flour can contain mite dust and microorganisms which may release substances such as endotoxins. Because of this kind of exposure, workers (in particular asthmatic workers) tend to exclude themselves from this type of work, with the consequence that only those who have acceptably low levels of or infra-clinical symptoms will continue working. However, tests on these workers may reveal allergic work-related asthma symptoms. This study reports on the exposure levels to dust at different workplaces in flour mills and industrial bakeries and determines the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in this industry. (67467)

CIS 96-1741 The diffusion of information on the carcinogenicity of asbestos in the Italian scientific community before 1965. (Italian: La diffusione delle informazioni sulla cancerogenicità dell'amianto nella comunità scientifica italiana prima del 1965) Carnevale F., Chellini E., Medicina del lavoro, July-Aug. 1995, Vol.86, No.4, p.295-302. 58 ref. (In Italian)

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The development of the realization of the carcinogenicity of asbestos by the Italian scientific community, a difficult process in Italy as elsewhere, is dealt with in this paper. The relevant scientific literature published in Italy during the period 1934-1965 is reviewed. The first cases of lung cancer in Italian workers exposed to asbestos were observed in 1955-56, the first cases of malignant mesothelioma in 1965. The cases observed were very few in number, but knowledge on asbestos carcinogenicity became widespread within the Italian scientific community during the fifties (from 1953 onwards) with the publication of several handbooks of occupational medicine. (67482)

CIS 96-1742 Laboratory testing of three direct reading dust monitors. Tsai C.J., Shih T.S., Lin J.D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.557-563. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

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A dust chamber was used to test the response of three direct reading dust monitors to different dust materials. The monitors included two types of photometers for total dust concentration and a piezobalance type respirable aerosol mass monitor. Differences in performance of the monitors with respect to SAE fine dust, quartz dust and carbon dust are discussed. The response of direct reading instruments depends largely on the type of dust materials in terms of refractive index, particle shape, adhesiveness, resistivity and dust loading. For the two photometers tested, refractive index was an important factor for instrument response. (67536)

CIS 96-1743 The influence of different filter elution methods on the measurement of airborne potato antigens. Zock J.P., Hollander A., Doekes G., Heederik D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.567-570. 10 ref. (In English)

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The elution of potato antigens from air sampling filters was studied using airborne dust samples from a potato processing plant. Sonication plus vortexing showed on average a 13% higher yield than gentle shaking. Type of filter (glass fibre or Teflon®), elution buffer (phosphate or bicarbonate), and the addition of 0.05% Tween-20 to the elution buffer had no significant effect on antigen yield. It was concluded that potato antigens can be readily eluted from airborne dust sampled on filters. (67538)

CIS 96-1744 Asbestos exposure in a steam-electric generating plant. Scansettei G, Pira E., Botta G.C., Turbiglio M., Piolatto G., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Dec. 1993, Vol.37, No.6, p.645-653. 22 ref. (In English)

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A study on asbestos risk in an old multi-fuel-fired steam electric power station showed that in spite of the presence of large amounts of asbestos-containing materials, the mean airborne concentration of asbestos was as low as 1.55 fibres/L under normal operating conditions. Much higher concentrations may obviously occur during maintenance or renovation operations. Man-made mineral fibres (MMMFs) were detected only occasionally in samples. Three non-consecutive sputum samples were collected from all 521 workers included in the study: 3.1% of the samples contained asbestos bodies (ABs) (less than four ABs per g of sputum). Small opacities were present in 15 out of 470 radiogrammes of acceptable quality (3.2%). No ABs were found in these cases. Pleural changes were less common (10 cases). Two out of 5 bilateral cases had ABs in the sputum. Repeated AB counts in the sputum is considered as being more useful than the search of pleural abnormalities by traditional postero-anterior (PA) view in detecting signs of low asbestos exposure. (67729)

CIS 96-1745 Are the respiratory health effects found in manufacturers of ceramic fibres due to the dust rather than the exposure to fibres?. Burge P.S., Calvert I.A., Trethowan W.N., Harrington J.M., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.105-109. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

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This cross-sectional study was designed to clarify the issue of whether the respiratory health effects found in manufacturers of ceramic fibres are due to exposure to fibres or to other constituents of dusts. A survey of all current European primary producers of ceramic fibre was carried out, with measurements of exposure to respiratory fibres by personal samplers that measured inspirable and total mass, together with a health survey with an expanded respiratory questionnaire and standardized measurement of lung function. Current symptoms (dry cough, stuffy noise, eye and skin irritation and breathlessness) were related to both current exposure to inspirable dust and respirable fibre. The decrements in lung function were related to the fibre constituent of the exposure. (67734)

CIS 96-1746 Asbestos in Brazil: Controlled use or ban?. (Portuguese: O amianto no Brasil: Uso controlado ou banimento?) Giannasi F., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.22, No.83, p.17-24. 24 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

Discussion of the pros and cons of banning asbestos in Brazil. (67777)

CIS 96-1747 Analysis of the performance of three aerosol samplers on respirable dust collection. (Portuguese: Estudo do desempenho de três monitoradores de aerossóis, na faixa respirável) Innocentini M.D.M., Coury J.R., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.22, No.83, p.35-50. Illus. 19 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

Analysis of the performance of three aerosol samplers on respirable dust collection. (67779)

CIS 96-1748 Harmful effects of odours in the workplace. (French: Les nuisances olfactives en entreprise) Deschamps F., Perrin M.L., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.467-470. 7 ref. (In French)

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Unpleasant odours are frequently present in workplaces. They are often ignored if not associated with health hazards. Air sampling, analytical methods, and - more generally - chemical investigations are often complex. This is why this kind of problem is frequently neglected. Olfactometry, which relies on the olfactive mucous membranes of a team of trained observers, permits the detection of odour origins, components and strength. It is a sensitive and effective method. Results obtained enable managers to look for the best solutions to cope with these undesirable effects. (67443)

CIS 96-1749 Evaporation of a liquid in a flowing airstream. Hummel A.A., Braun K.O., Fehrenbacher M.C., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.519-525. 17 ref. (In English)

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An equation was developed to estimate the evaporation rate of a volatile liquid in a flowing airstream. The equation requires only the molecular weight, vapour pressure, air velocity, pool size, ambient pressure, and liquid temperature, or estimates of these quantities. Values predicted by the equation agreed well with experimental data in a test of the evaporation rates of 13 different compounds at different temperatures and airflow rates. The equation thus provides an estimate of the evaporation rate for low vapour pressure liquids with a minimum of information about the liquid. (67531)

CIS 96-1750 Evaluation of the mass balance model used by the Environmental Protection Agency for estimating inhalation exposure to new chemical substances. Fehrenbacher M.C., Hummel A.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.526-536. Illus. 47 ref. (In English)

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The mass balance model was evaluated by comparing the exposure estimates for specific operations with monitoring data reported in the literature. In general, the estimated exposures based on the midpoint of the range of default input values were well within one order of magnitude of the measured exposures. Selection of more conservative (i.e. protective) model input values overestimated exposure by one or more orders of magnitude. There are many simplifying assumptions in the model and many variables that influence exposure that are not considered. Additional research is recommended to further improve and refine the model. (67532)

CIS 96-1751 Sampling petroleum oil mist and vapor: Comparison of methods. Svendsen K., Bjørseth O., Børresen E., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.537-541. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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The sampling efficiency of four methods for sampling petroleum oil mist and vapour were compared: double glass fibre filters in 37mm diameter clear styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) cassettes; a single glass fibre filter and a membrane filter in the same type of filter cassette; the IOM (Institute of Occupational Medicine of Edimburgh (Scotland)) filter cassette with 25mm double glass fibre filters; and a glass tube filled with glass wool. Tests with two petroleum oils with different boiling points showed that the IOM cassette had the highest sampling efficiency and the SAN cassette with double glass fibre filters had the lowest. Differences in sampling efficiency between the methods were mostly significant at the 5% level. (67533)

CIS 96-1752 Estimating exposure intensity in an imperfectly mixed room. Nicas M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.542-550. 17 ref. (In English)

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It is shown that for an imperfectly mixed room, use of a well-mixed room model in conjunction with a traditional mixing factor does not adequately describe the contaminant concentration in the zone of occupation. This can lead to a substantial underestimate of a worker's exposure intensity. A two-zone model is described in which a room is conceptually divided into an upper zone and a lower zone, where the latter is the zone of occupancy. Expressions for the steady-state contaminant level in the two zones and for decay from the steady-state levels are presented. (67534)

CIS 96-1753 The sampling rates of diffusive samplers measured in the laboratory and in simulated use as personal samplers. Feigley C.E., Underhill D.W., Lungu C.T., Riley T.D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.551-556. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

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The effect of the boundary layer around the human body on the performance of a diffusive sampler was investigated. The mass transfer resistance of the sampler was measured on a mannequin and compared with that of a sampler in an unobstructed airstream. The presence of the mannequin produced boundary mass transfer resistances from 0.8 to 10 times that of a sampler in unobstructed airflow for the range of air speeds and incidence angles studied. The range of the resistance was most pronounced at low air speeds. Mass transfer resistance during sampler calibration should be as close as possible to that encountered during sampling. (67535)

CIS 96-1754 Engine lubricants: Characteristics, toxicological features, risks and preventive measures. (Italian: Oli lubrificanti per motori - caratterizazione, schede tossicologiche, rischio e prevenzione) Spagnoli G., Ogis M., Maglione F., Spagnoli M., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-June 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.185-199. 8 ref. (In Italian)

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This study is a review of the additives used to improve engine lubricating oils. Short data sheets on the toxicological aspects of 12 such additives are provided: phenol, methyl red, furfural, polyacrylates (methyl and ethyl acrylates), polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyolefines (ethylene mostly), alkyl phosphonates, salicylates (methyl and octyl), naphthenates (cobalt, aluminium and lead), phenyl-1-naphthylamine, succinimide. Animal data and possible risks to humans who handle these substances are outlined. (67546)

CIS 96-1755 A cross-sectional study on nerve conduction velocities among workers exposed to carbon disulphide. Hirata M., Ogawa Y., Goto S., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.29-34. 18 ref. (In English)

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The report examines nerve conduction velocities (NCV) in the ulnar nerve (motor, slower motor fibre and mixed), the peroneal nerve (motor, MCV) and the sural nerve (sensory, SCV) among 46 Japanese workers exposed to carbon disulfide (CS₂) and 28 control normal workers. MCV and SCV in the CS₂-exposed group were significantly reduced, compared with those of the control group, but no significant difference in NCVs of the ulnar nerve was noted between the two groups. These findings indicate the existence of a toxic effect of CS₂ exposure on the NCV, predominantly evident in the lower limbs of the examined workers. On removal from CS₂ exposure, NCV recovery seemed to be possible. (67558)

CIS 96-1756 Biological monitoring of exposure to solvents: A gas chromatography method for the determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in blood and urine. (Italian: Monitoraggio biologico dell'esposizione a solventi: metodo per la determinazione gascromatografica degli idrocarburi aromatici nel sangue e nell'urina) Fustinoni S., Buratti M., Giampiccolo R., Pulvirenti S., Colombi A., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.63-75. Illus. 18 ref. (In Italian)

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A gas chromatographic procedure was used for the detection of blood and urinary levels of aromatic hydrocarbons (AH) in 151 workers from three industries: the pharmaceutical industry, photogravure printing and office work. A dynamic head-space purge and trap preconcentration and flame ionization detection were utilized. In the first two categories of the occupationally exposed workers, blood AH levels were of 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than in the environmentally exposed subjects of the third category. In this latter group (office workers) there was a significant difference in blood and urine AH levels between nonsmokers and smokers. (67560)

CIS 96-1757 Behavioral methods and organic solvents: Questions and consequences. Iregren A., Environmental Health Perspectives, Apr. 1996, Vol.104, Suppl. No.2, p.361-366. 56 ref. (In English)

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This paper reviews some illustrative examples of studies of human neurobehavioural effects from experimental as well as long-term occupational organic-solvent exposure. Some of the methodological problems such as representativity of study groups, quantification of exposure and test methods encountered in these studies are discussed, as well as some reasons for the relative success of the work performed by certain Scandinavian research teams. (67567)

CIS 96-1758 International Programme on Chemical Safety. Haines J.A., Lancet, 10 Aug. 1996, Vol.348, No.9024, p.408-409. 1 ref. (In English)

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This brief communication describes the development and activities of the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and its involvement in the INTOX project. This project aims to promote the development of poison centres, to assist such centres in the diagnosis and prevention of poisoning, and to support clinical intervention against the effects of toxic exposures. There are currently 60 centres in 45 countries. A poisons information database management system has been developed which allows the centres to collect standardized case data in English, French and Spanish. Studies planned by the project group are outlined. (67581)

CIS 96-1759 Epidemiology versus a smoke screen. Boffetta P., Vainio H., Saracci R., Lancet, 10 Aug. 1996, Vol.348, No.9024, p.410. 4 ref. (In English)

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This brief communication criticizes recent statements by the European tobacco industry that available epidemiological evidence does not support an association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of lung cancer. An evaluation by a tobacco-financed group of experts in other scientific disciplines is criticized for its inaccurate interpretation of epidemiological studies. Evaluations by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) conclude that passive smoking gives rise to some risk of cancer. (67582)

CIS 96-1760 Carboxyhemoglobin levels in methylene chloride-exposed employees. Soden K.J., Marras G., Amsel J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.367-371. 12 ref. (In English)

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Methylene chloride is a volatile liquid used in a wide variety of industrial applications. The present OSHA permissible occupational exposure (500ppm, 8h TWA) is proposed to be reduced to 25ppm. This is due to the concern about potentially adverse cardiac effects related to high levels of carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) consequent to the exposure. Exposure assessments of non-smoking employees of a plant exposed to methylene chloride in the production process was performed, comparing the levels of COHb found with those of smokers. Exposure values were similar in both groups, with individually measured methylene chloride exposures averaging up to 99ppm. COHb levels ranged between 1.7-4% in non-smokers and between 4.95-6.35% in smokers. A dose-response effect was seen only in the non-smoking group. It was concluded that the observed COHb levels, resulting from exposures to methylene chloride at or below the current permissible limit (ACGIH) of 50ppm (8h TWA) are at a sufficiently low level and unlikely to produce an adverse cardiac effect in humans. (67704)

CIS 96-1761 Clinical evaluation of 58 organolead manufacturing workers. Mitchell C.S., Shear M.S., Bolla K.I., Schwartz B.S., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.372-378. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

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58 workers were evaluated clinically and through laboratory examinations for potential health effects related to organic and inorganic lead exposures. Workers reported symptoms that predominantly involved central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous systems. Findings for which no alternative medical explanations could be found included neurobehavioural abnormalities (18 out of 39 workers) and sensorimotor polyneuropathies (11 out of 31 workers). It was pointed out that this was a case series, not an epidemiological study, and that in these workers there was more of a CNS rather than a PNS involvement. (67705)

CIS 96-1762 Exposure to aromatic amines and ras and c-erB-2 overexpression in bladder cancer. Novara R., Coda R., Martone T., Vineis P., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.390-393. 26 ref. (In English)

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Since overexpression of ras and c-er B-2 oncogenes occurs in bladder cancer, immunohistochemical analysis of the encoded protein products p21 and p185 was performed in six bladder cancer biopsies of workers exposed to high levels of 2-naphthylamine and benzidine. Eleven unexposed bladder cancer patients, 6 subjects with benign bladder conditions and 16 healthy subjects were similarly analyzed. In the latter group biopsies were obtained during cystoscopies prompted by clinical symptoms. Overexpression of ras was found in 4 of 6 exposed cancer patients, 3 of 11 unexposed cancer patients, 0 of 6 benign disease patients and none of 16 healthy subjects. No association was found between occupational exposure and c-er B-2 overexpression. (67707)

CIS 96-1763 Immunotoxicity of PCBs (Aroclors) in relation to Great Lakes. Tryphonas H., Environmental Health Perspectives, Dec. 1995, Vol.103, Suppl. 9, p.35-46. 97 ref. (In English)

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This study reviews polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Great Lakes basin of North America. Due to their resistance to biodegradation and their lipophilic properties, PCBs bioaccumulate in fish tissues and in fish-eating humans. PCBs are also known to cross the placenta and to be excreted into the mother's milk. Data on PCB-induced immunotoxic effects in humans are scarce, whether exposure is occupational or through the ingestion of contaminated fish. Nevertheless, information derived from the use of experimental animals, including nonhuman primates, indicates that the immune system is a potential target for the toxicity of PCBs. Such studies have used only commercially available PCB mixtures. However, PCBs have the potential of partially antagonizing the effects of other structurally related compounds including the highly toxic dioxins, which are also present in small amounts in the Great Lakes. More research is required on these interactions. (67710)

CIS 96-1764 Exposure to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in an explosives factory. (French: Exposition au 2,4,6-trinitrotoluène dans une fabrique d'explosifs) Robert A., Ducos P., Dieudonné M., Protois J.C., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2024-164-96, p.293-300. Illus. 19 ref. (In French)

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Exposure to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) at work was assessed in a plant manufacturing explosives in France. In addition to personal and ambient samples, pre- and post-shift urine samples were taken to estimate total uptake of TNT by workers, by inhalation and/or skin exposure. The atmospheric concentrations for personal samples were all below the French mean exposure limit value of 0.5mg/m³. However, the post-shift urine concentrations of 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT), the main urinary metabolite, showed that skin absorption can be considered as a significant exposure route at some workplaces: for 17 post-shift samples the mean concentrations were of the order of 2mg/L, with a range of 0.30 to 8.50mg/L. Analysis of 4-ADNT in urine proved to be a convenient biological method for monitoring individual exposure to TNT as well as the effects of preventive measures, particularly in the field of personal protection. (67712)

CIS 96-1765 Hot-dip galvanization - Assessment of exhaust devices on molten zinc tanks. (French: Galvanisation à chaud - Evaluation de dispositifs de captage sur des creusets de zinc fondu) Lefèvre A., Peltier A., Dessagne J.M., Muller J.P., Boulet A., Elcabache J.M., Houot F., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2025-164-96, p.301-320. Illus. 12 ref. (In French)

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Measurements of pollutant concentrations taken around hot-dip galvanizing tanks in four firms did not reveal any risks to the operators, in spite of the mediocre performance of exhaust devices, thereby confirming the results of studies conducted previously in this type of workshop. The ventilation systems tested failed to extract the pollutants fully, especially during the most critical production phases. They did, however, significantly improve the quality of the work environment, in particular by evacuating the heat given off by the bath. The trace helium technique for measuring capture efficiency proved to be a reliable means of assessing the performances of the different devices installed at the zinc tanks. Booth or hood systems were shown to be the best suited to this process, since they allow for the natural movement of the pollutants and are not very sensitive to disturbances caused by draughts. (67713)

CIS 96-1766 Historic decision to ban asbestos!. (French: L'amiante interdit, une décision historique!) Travail et sécurité, Sep. 1996, No.552, p.11-46. Illus. (In French)

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Complete report on the decision made in France to ban asbestos as of 1 Jan. 1997. Main contents: measures taken by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs; conclusions of an expert survey undertaken by INSERM (mainly, all types of asbestos are carcinogenic); ten-year review of recognized cases of occupational disease by region; responsibilities of owners of buildings; list of suppliers, equipment designed for work with or in the presence of asbestos, new regulations applicable in France. (See CIS 96-1546). (67723)

CIS 96-1767 Evaluation of exposure to inorganic lead compounds in workers of metropolitan Belo Horizonte - 1988 to 1993. (Portuguese: Avaliação da exposição aos compostos inorgânicos de chumbo em trabalhadores da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte - 1988 a 1993) Mattos S.V.M., Nicácio M.A., Prado G., Oliveira M.S., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.22, No.83, p.7-16. Illus. 13 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

This article analyzes the levels of contamination by inorganic lead compounds in 1520 blood samples taken from exposed workers in metallurgy, car battery plants, and the ceramics and paint manufacturing industries in a Brazilian city. (67776)

CIS 96-1768 Mortality in carbon black workers in the United States. Robertson J.M., Inman K.J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.569-570. 12 ref. (In English)

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An update of an earlier cohort mortality study of carbon black workers in the USA provided a total of 54,784 person-years of observation over a 60-year period from 1935 to 1994. Overall mortality and total cancer mortality were lower than expected based on state-specific rates. Deaths from malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system and from heart diseases were also lower than expected. Although these data are preliminary, they indicate that workplace exposure to carbon black does not increase overall or cause-specific mortality. (67421)

CIS 96-1769 Effects of prolonged low exposure to methyl isocyanate. Avashia B., Battigelli M.C., Morgan W.K.C., Reger R.B., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.625-630. 11 ref. (In English)

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Data on pulmonary function, smoking history and occupational history were obtained for 431 workers at a large chemical plant. Routine and special sampling data were used to classify jobs according to methyl isocyanate exposure. No specific or consistent pulmonary impairment was evident. Long-term, low-level exposure to methyl isocyanate at the levels existing at this plant could not be shown to be producing detectable effects on lung function. (67429)

CIS 96-1770 Cardiovascular effects of metals. Morvai V., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1996, Vol.2, No.2, p.115-145. 194 ref. (In English)

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Studies of the toxic cardiovascular effects of metals in animals and humans are reviewed, in particular those of arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel and vanadium. Despite the numerous data available, the exact mechanism of metals in the aetiology of cardiovascular disease remains obscure. Future research needs are outlined. (67431)

CIS 96-1771 Hypertonic saline challenge in an adult epidemiological survey. Rabone S.J., Phoon W.O., Anderson S.D., Wan K.C., Seneviratne M., Gutierrez L., Brannan J., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.177-185. 22 ref. (In English)

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Use of the hypertonic saline (4.5%) bronchial challenge (HSBC) in diagnosing current asthma was tested in a field study of 99 timber industry workers in Western Australia. Although less sensitive than pharmacological challenges, HSBC is reportedly highly specific in diagnosing current asthma. The test is described and critically appraised. At a cutoff point of 20% FEV₁ fall, HSBC was positive in 8% of subjects, appeared specific for asthma, was safe, well-accepted and easy to use in the field. (67434)

CIS 96-1772 Physician-based case-control study of non-melanoma skin cancer in Baytown, Texas. Gamble J.F., Lerman S.E., Holder W.R., Nicolich M.J., Yarborough C.M., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.186-196. 30 ref. (In English)

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A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 174 patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 59 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 72 with both and 229 controls. Data were collected on work history and risk factors including eye colour, skin type, history of sunburn and smoking. The most important risk factors common to all skin cancer categories were a family history of skin cancer and time spent outdoors. Employment in the petroleum industry showed a slight association with BCC+SCC, but not for BCC or SCC alone. Further study is needed to determine whether this association is causal or due to chance, bias or confounding. (67435)

CIS 96-1773 Feasibility study of respiratory questionnaire and peak flow recordings in autobody shop workers exposed to isocyanate-containing spray paint: Observations and limitations. Cullen M.R., Redlich C.A., Beckett W.S., Weltmann B., Sparer J., Jackson G., Ruff T., Rubinstein E., Holden W., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.197-204. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

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In a questionnaire survey of shop owners and workers at 23 autobody shops, data were collected on the characteristics of the shop and the spray paint systems in use, industrial hygiene practices, and workers' respiratory symptoms. Peak expiratory flow measurements were collected for 24 workers. The approach met with limited success. While a high rate of respiratory symptoms consistent with occupational asthma was identified (19.6%), validation of the questionnaire by use of peak expiratory flow recordings was limited by poor worker participation and inadequate data collection. Further studies are required to document rates of occupational asthma among these workers. (67436)

CIS 96-1774 Occupational allergic contact dermatitis in Lodz: 1990-1994. Kiec-Swierczynska M., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.205-208. 8 ref. (In English)

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Among 1,619 patients examined between 1990 and 1994 at the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine in Lodz, Poland, occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) was confirmed in 332 cases. OACD was most frequent among health service workers, metal-working and machine-building workers and in the building industry. The most frequent cause was contact with metals, in particular chromates, cobalt and nickel. Other sources of sensitivity were disinfecting agents (formaldehyde), resins, rubber and fragrances. Data indicate an overall increase in OACD cases compared with the period 1972-1987. (67437)

CIS 96-1775 Transient diffuse alopecia following neoprene glue exposure. (French: Alopécie diffuse réversible après exposition à une colle néoprène) Testud F., Fernandez N., Doscotes J., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.471-473. 8 ref. (In French)

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Report of a case of acute diffuse alopecia which occurred following occupational exposure to neoprene glue vapours (polychloroprene resin in the solvent phase). After a brief overview of the toxic effects of chloroprene described in the synthetic rubber industry, the clinical, evolutive and toxicological characteristics available to identify this toxic exposure are discussed. (67444)

CIS 96-1776 A cohort mortality study of cellulose triacetate-fiber workers exposed to methylene chloride. Gibbs G.W., Amsel J., Soden K., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.693-697. 14 ref. (In English)

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The purpose of this study of 3,211 cellulose-fibre production workers exposed to methylene chloride was to evaluate earlier findings of excess biliary tract and liver cancer in a similarly exposed cohort. In the current study, mortality from biliary tract and liver cancer was not increased, and there was no excess mortality from pancreatic cancer. Results are in agreement with several other studies of workers exposed to methylene chloride which demonstrate no excess cancer mortality. At present, the combined epidemiological and bioassay data do not support the conclusion that methylene chloride is either a possible or probable human carcinogen. (67587)

CIS 96-1777 Stillbirth after occupational exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone - A case report and review of the literature. Solomon G.M., Morse E.P., Garbo M.J., Milton D.K., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.705-713. 58 ref. (In English)

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A case report is presented of a pregnant laboratory technician who suffered intrauterine growth retardation and stillbirth following exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Animal studies have demonstrated that this solvent is embryotoxic after maternal exposure to doses that have minimal or no adverse effect on the mother. Laboratory work and solvent exposure have both been previously associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Laboratory health policies should allow for voluntary removal of prospective parents in situations of possible exposure. (67589)

CIS 96-1778 Total serum IgE in trimellitic anhydride-induced asthma. Backman K.S., Shaughnessy M.A., Harris K.E., Grammer L.C., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.347-351. 29 ref. (In English)

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Trimellitic anhydride (TMA), widely used in the manufacture of plastics and paints, has been implicated in multiple occupational immunologic syndromes. Sera from 12 highly exposed workers with TMA induced asthma and from 31 similarly exposed workers without occupational immunologic disease were assayed for total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. The mean IgE levels were 176.74ng/mL and 34.55ng/mL, respectively, but considerable overlap of IgE levels was observed between the groups. Due to the significant amount of overlap and poor sensitivity of the test, it cannot be considered useful in the diagnosis of individual workers. (67701)

CIS 96-1779 Cancer and occupational exposure to inorganic lead compounds: A meta-analysis of published data. Fu H., Boffetta P., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.73-81. 56 ref. (In English)

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This study reviews and summarizes the epidemiological evidence on the carcinogenicity of occupational exposure to organic lead. The findings from workers with heavy exposure to lead provided some evidence to support the hypothesis of an association between cancers of the stomach and lung and exposure to lead. The main limitation of the present analysis is that the excess risks do not take account of potential confounders, because little information was available for other occupational exposures, smoking and dietary habits. To some extent, the risk of lung cancer might be explained by confounders such as tobacco smoking and exposure to other occupational carcinogens. The excess risk of stomach cancer may also be explained, at least in part, by non-occupational factors. For bladder and kidney cancers, the excess risks are only suggestive of a true effect because of possible publication bias. (67731)

CIS 96-1780 Determination of neurotoxic effects caused by long-term exposure to lead in the Saxony-Anhalt copper industry by means of psychometric performance tests. (German: Ermittlung neurotoxischer Effekte infolge langjähriger Bleiexposition in der Kupferindustrie Sachsen-Anhalts anhand psychometrischer Leistungsdaten) Pfister E., Böckelmann I., Brosz M., Ferl T., Winter C.G., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, Dec. 1994, Vol.44, No.12, p.422-432. Illus. 58 ref. (In German)

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The influence of long-term exposure to lead on perceptual-motor performance was studied in 109 workers of a copper smelter in the Land of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany (ex-GDR). The workers had been exposed throughout a 10-year period to permissible lead concentrations of somewhat above 0.025mg/m³, which amounted to somewhat more than one quarter of the exposure limit. The average blood lead level amounted to 31.2µg/dL which was less than half the biological threshold limit. The performance of the lead-exposed workers in 7 computer-aided psychometric tests was compared to that of a non-exposed control group of 27 workers of a mechanical engineering plant. No statistically significant relationship between the blood lead levels and the perceptual-motor performance was found for the exposed group. It is concluded that perceptual-motor performance is not a good indicator of the latent effects caused by a long-term sub-clinical exposure to lead. (67697)

CIS 96-1781 Frequency of cold infections in workers at a lead refinery. (Japanese: En seiren kōjō sagyōsha ni okeru kanbō kansen no hindo) Horiguchi S., Endo G., Kiyota I., Teramoto K., Shinagawa K., Wakitani F., Tanaka H., Konishi Y., Kiyota A., Ota A., Fukui M., Osaka City Medical Journal, June 1992, Vol.38, No.1, p.79-81. 5 ref. (In Japanese)

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The study covered 56 workers at a secondary lead refinery, 46 male and 10 female, aged 18-73, whose lengths of time working with lead ranged from less than 1 to over 43 years. Interviews were supplemented with blood and urine analyses. No cases of influenza were reported, but the frequency of colds was higher in those with more than 40µg lead/100g blood, and especially high in those with more than 60µg/100g. Similarly, the likelihood of contracting colds more than twice per year was higher in the group with blood lead levels >60µg/100g than in those with lower levels. This confirms a report published by others 10 years previously, and suggests suppression of the immune system in lead-exposed workers. (67760)

CIS 96-1782 Fibre-glass wallpaper. (German: Glasgewebe-Tapeten) Goergens, Sicher bauen, Feb. 1995, No.2, p.62-63. Illus. (In German)

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Glass-fibre wallpaper is becoming very popular in Germany, so that paperhangers are increasingly exposed to glass fibres. However, workplace monitoring of respirable particles have shown that no respirable, carcinogenic fibres with diameters <3mm and length >5mm are being released. The fibres observed had diameters between 6 and 11mm. They were found to cause skin irritation which can be avoided by application of a greaseless barrier cream. Since glass-fibre wallpaper requires application of a lacquer or paint, subsequent exposure to harmful solvents or epoxy resins cannot be excluded. Some of the applied lacquers contain isocyanates. (67691)

CIS 96-1783 Parting agents in building construction and the manufacture of prefabricated elements - A neglected health hazard?. (German: Schalöle im Hoch- und Fertigteilbau - eine vernachlässigte Gesundheitsgefahr?) Schmittner, Tiefbau, Feb. 1995, Vol.107, No.2, p.103-106. Illus. (In German)

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The parting agents that are applied to the shoring used in concrete formwork mostly contain mineral oils. Exposure to these oils may affect the skin, the respiratory tract, the central nervous system, the haemopoietic system, the liver and the kidneys. Exposure needs to be reduced by drawing off the mists and vapours of harmful substances. When this is not sufficient, the wearing of a protective overall, protective gloves, safety spectacles and an air purifying respirator need to be worn for this kind of work. (67700)

CIS 96-1784 Experimental assessment of the effectiveness of 4 types of cleansing agents for 3 types of dyes to which workers are exposed in the dying and printing industry. (Italian: Valutazione sperimentale di efficacia di 4 tipi di detergenti per 3 tipi di coloranti ai quali sono esposti i lavoratori delle tinto-stamperie) Terzaghi G.F., Settimi L., Peverelli C., Sevosi L., Duca P.G., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1996, Vol.87, No.1, p.44-50. Illus. 3 ref. (In Italian)

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This study reports on the assessment of the effectiveness of four types of skin cleansers for three types of dyes involved in occupational exposure in the dye and printing industry. A randomized double blind trial, involving each time eight workers, yielded a statistical significant difference between the effectiveness of the detergents: i.e. sodium hydrosulfite detergent was superior to that of commonly used tensioactive agents for all three categories of tested dyes. (67559)

CIS 96-1785 Study of the respiratory health of employees in seven European plants that manufacture ceramic fibres. Trethowan W.N., Burge P.S., Rossiter C.E., Harrington J.M., Calvert I.A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.97-104. 29 ref. (In English)

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In this study on the relation between occupational exposure to ceramic fibres during manufacture and respiratory health, the respiratory health of 628 employees in the manufacture of ceramic fibres in seven European plants in three countries was studied with a respiratory questionnaire, lung function tests and chest radiography. Simultaneous plant hygiene surveys measured subjects' current exposure to airborne ceramic fibres from personal samples with optical microscopy fibre counts. The measured exposures were combined with occupational histories to derive estimates of each subject's cumulative exposure to respirable fibres. Symptoms were related to current and cumulative exposure to ceramic fibres and lung function and findings from chest radiographs were related to cumulative exposure. It is concluded that exposure to ceramic fibres is associated with irritant symptoms similar to those seen in other exposures to man made mineral fibres (MMMFs) and that cumulative exposure to respirable ceramic fibres may cause airways obstruction by promoting the effects of cigarette smoke. (67733)

CIS 96-1786 Case study on dust control measures in the casting of sanitary ware. (Japanese: Eisei tōki kōjō no seikei kōtei ni okeru funjin taisaku jirei) Narukiyo Y., Tsukashima H., Nagoya T., Journal of Working Environment, 1 July 1995, Vol.16, No.4, p.2-11. Illus. 23 ref. (In Japanese)

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Five dust control measures were undertaken in the casting of sanitary ware with gypsum molds. Vacuum cleaning was introduced for the removal of foreign matter from moulds and castings, in place of the compressed air jets used previously. Mould-release agents came to be applied with brushes, not spray guns. To prevent release of slip during draining of the moulds, the drainage system was completely enclosed. To prevent resuspension of deposited dust, flanged joints and other hard-to-clean places were covered. The capacity of the wet scrubbing system was increased to permit 100% fresh air intake for ventilation, instead of the former recirculating air conditioning system. As a result of these improvements, personal exposure to dust was reduced to less than half of the occupational exposure limit at all workplaces tested, and workers were no longer obliged to wear respirators. (Dust control measures in inspection and mould-making are described in CIS 96-1410 and 96-1787, respectively.) (67752)

CIS 96-1787 Case study on dust control measures in mould-making for sanitary ware. (Japanese: Eisei tōki kōjō no zōkei kōtei ni okeru funjin taisaku jirei) Narukiyo Y., Tsukashima H., Nagoya T., Journal of Working Environment, 1 Mar. 1996, Vol.17, No.2, p.2-8. Illus. 24 ref. (In Japanese)

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To reduce dust levels in the fabrication of gypsum moulds for sanitary ware, enclosure and exhaust ventilation were applied at several points in the process. Vacuum cleaning was introduced for the removal of foreign matter from moulds and mould cases, in place of the compressed air jets used previously. A numerically controlled grinder was introduced to automate the shaving of moulds. To facilitate cleanup, the floor of the shop was coated with a special resin, cloth mops were replaced by sponge mops and a suction system was added to the rubber squeegees used to collect water. As a result of these improvements, personal exposure to dust was reduced to less than half of the occupational exposure limit at all workplaces tested. (Dust control measures in casting and inspection are described in CIS 96-1786 and 96-1410, respectively.) (67757)

CIS 96-1788 Neurobehavioral functions in operating theatre personnel exposed to anesthetic gases. Lucchini R., Toffoletto F., Camerino D., Fazioli R., Ghittori S., Giglioli R., Signorini A., Alessio L., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.86, No.1, p.27-33. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

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In this cross-sectional survey, 62 nursing personnel occupationally exposed to anaesthetic gases were monitored and compared with 46 unexposed hospital workers. To assess their working capacity performance, a Simple Reaction Time (SRT) test was administered before and after the work shifts. On the last day of the working week a wide range of atmospheric nitrous oxide (geometric mean 62.6ppm) and of atmospheric ethrane (geometric mean 1.3ppm) was found. The urinary N₂O ranged from 4 to 297µg/L (geometric mean 26.8). At the same time an impairment of performance on the SRT test was observed in comparison to controls. The findings suggest that reversible impairments of vigilance and response speed can occur in operating theatre personnel at levels of exposure to anaesthetic gases below the TLVs adopted in Italy until recently (100ppm for N₂O and 2ppm for ethrane). (67555)

CIS 96-1789 On the correlation between external and internal lead concentrations. (German: Zur Korrelation von äusserer und innerer Bleibelastung) Kentner M., Fischer T., Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie, Dec. 1994, Vol.44, No.12, p.433-443. Illus. 73 ref. (In German)

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Lead concentrations in the air of 134 workplaces in a battery manufacturing plant were correlated with lead concentrations in workers' blood. The measurements were taken once per year throughout the period from 1982 to 1991. The close correlation between the two concentrations reported by similar studies published in the literature could not be confirmed. High lead concentrations in the workplace increased the blood lead level less than low lead concentrations. Lead concentrations in the air of workplaces below the maximum allowable exposure limit of 0.1mg/m³ increased the blood lead concentrations to a considerably higher degree than did lead concentrations above the maximum allowable exposure limit. (67698)

CIS 96-1790 Relevance of skin exposure. Fiserova-Bergerova V., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Dec. 1993, Vol.37, No.6, p.673-685. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

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Dermal exposure gains in significance by the same token as permissible occupational exposures are lowered. The contribution of dermal absorption to the total dose absorbed during occupational exposure is apparent when dermal and pulmonary uptake rates are compared. Development of an experimental database for evaluation and control of dermal exposure is hindered by lack of suitable methods for measurement of dermal absorption in humans. In the absence of sufficient human data, theoretical models can provide satisfactory information on dermal absorption. It is proposed that the current practice of using acute dermal toxicity (LD₅₀) as a criterion for warning of the potential of significant dermal absorption be replaced by a criterion based on the comparison of the dermal penetration rate with the pulmonary uptake rate at inhalation exposures that do not exceed the permissible workplace levels. (67730)

CIS 96-1791 Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, chloromethane, o-nitroanisole, p-nitroanisole, m-/p-chloronitrobenzene, dinitrotoluene, diphenylamine, dibutylphthalate, chlorotoluene, N-ethylaniline, dioxane. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. 221p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 96.00., ISBN 3-7776-0717-7 (In English)

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This report contains supplementary data to 11 earlier BUA Reports: di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (BUA Report No. 4), chloromethane (BUA 7, see CIS 96-906), o-nitroanisole (1-methoxy-2-nitrobenzene) (BUA 9, CIS 94-636), p-nitroanisole (BUA 10, CIS 94-997), m-/p-chloronitrobenzene (BUA 11), dinitrotoluene (BUA 12), diphenylamine (BUA 15, CIS 95-572), dibutyl phthalate (BUA 22, CIS 94-998), chlorotoluene (BUA 38), N-ethylaniline (BUA 51) and dioxane (BUA 80). The supplements are translations of reports finalized between December 1992 and June 1993. (67491)

CIS 96-1792 p-Aminodiphenylamine. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xv, 69p. 118 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0718-5 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in April 1993: 4-aminodiphenylamine can lead to primary skin irritation in humans. Several cases of dermal sensitization have been described, but the sensitizing potential of the substance does not appear to be very great. Animal studies indicate that it is of moderate acute toxicity; repeated exposure may cause methaemoglobin formation, effects on the red blood cells and functional liver disturbances. It may also have genotoxic and teratogenic effects. (67492)

CIS 96-1793 4,4-Methylenedianiline. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xv, 125p. 346 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0709-6 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in December 1993: 4,4-methylenedianiline is well absorbed through the skin. In humans it has a mainly hepato- and nephrotoxic effect; two studies describe degenerative changes of the retina and electrocardiographic changes. There are also reports of sensitization in humans. Animal studies indicate that the substance is carcinogenic; studies of genotoxicity showed mainly positive results. (67493)

CIS 96-1794 Dichloroaniline (2,4-, 2,5- and 3,4-dichloroaniline). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xxvii, 284p. 437 ref. Price: DEM 110.00., ISBN 3-7776-0715-0 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in October 1993: 2,4-, 2,5- and 3,4-dichloroaniline may be absorbed through the skin. They are methaemoglobin-forming agents; acute poisoning in humans is manifested by hypoxia, fatigue, difficult breathing and muscular weakness. Early cases of chloracne in workers exposed to industrial 3,4-dichloroaniline were attributed to contamination with 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazobenzene or 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazoxybenzene. No data are available on carcinogenicity. (67494)

CIS 96-1795 Methyl chloroacetate. Ethyl chloroacetate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xxiv, 136p. 204 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0725-8 (In English)

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Conclusions of these criteria documents, translation of reports finalized in April 1994 and December 1993: in humans, delayed irritation of the conjunctiva is observed after exposure to methyl chloroacetate vapour; in animal studies, the substance causes irritant effects, skin corrosion and sensitization. There is one report of contact allergy in a human following exposure to ethyl chloroacetate; in experimental animals it causes irritation and sensitization. (67495)

CIS 96-1796 1,2-Dichloropropane. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xviii, 151p. 335 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0716-9 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in October 1994: ingestion of 1,2-dichloropropane (propylene dichloride) by humans causes functional hepatic and renal disorders, haemolytic anaemia, metabolic acidosis, heart muscle weakness and shock; ingestion of large amounts can be fatal. Dermal contact can cause allergic contact dermatitis. Based on animal studies, the substance is classified as having carcinogenic potential. (67496)

CIS 96-1797 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xxiv, 447p. 824 ref. Price: DEM 130.00., ISBN 3-7776-0719-3 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in August 1994: acute inhalation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane causes suppression of the central nervous system in humans, with narcotic effects at high concentrations. There are several reports of accidental inhalative intoxication. Occupational exposure has been reported to cause sleep apnoea, neurotic complaints and symptoms which could indicate an organic solvent encephalopathy. Repeated skin contact can lead to dermatitis through degreasing. (67497)

CIS 96-1798 Acrolein. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1996. xix, 236p. 529 ref. Price: DEM 102.00., ISBN 3-7776-0712-6 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in December 1994: the primary effects of human exposure to acrolein are irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Animal studies indicate that it is highly toxic; there are several case reports of human intoxication. (67498)

CIS 96-1799 Occupational exposure databases - A proposal for core information for workplace exposure measurements on chemical agents. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. 45p. 61 ref. Price: ECU 8.50., ISBN 92-827-7355-8 (In English)

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This report provides a guide to core information to be incorporated in databases of occupational exposure measurements on chemical agents. The purposes of exposure measurements and factors which may affect them are explained and key categories of information are defined: premises, workplace, worker activity, product, chemical agent, exposure modifiers, measurement strategy, measurement procedure, results and report reference. Requirements for data exchange and codification of core information are also outlined. (67619)

CIS 96-1800 European Product Registration - A review of information systems for chemical products. Andersen P., Nielsen S., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, eds., Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1996. xi, 64p. 15 ref. Price: ECU 10.00., ISBN 92-827-7354-X (In English)

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This report presents proposals for common guidelines for the development and operation of product registers in Europe. Product registers in five European countries are briefly described and data users and data sources are identified. A core data set and a data base structure are defined and procedures for data coding, data collection and maintenance, data processing, data access and dissemination, data linkage, and product registration are described. Recommendations for future work are put forward. (67620)

CIS 96-1801 Guidelines on studies in environmental epidemiology. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1983. 351p. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 26.00 (CHF 18.20 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157087-7 (In English)

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This document provides guidance on the conduct of epidemiologic studies concerning the effects of non-biological agents on the health of human communities. Contents: study design; assessment of exposure; measurement and interpretation of health effects; organization and conduct of studies; analysis, interpretation and reporting; uses of epidemiological information. (67762)

CIS 96-1802 Guidelines for the study of genetic effects in human populations. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1985. 126p. approx. 270 ref. Price: CHF 12.00., ISBN 92-4-150186-5 (In English)

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This document provides guidance on the design and conduct of genetic studies on human populations exposed, or suspected of being exposed, to mutagenic agents. General principles and examples of possible procedures are described in relation to methodological and epidemiological issues, mutations in somatic cells, and germinal mutations. (67764)

CIS 96-1803 Trichlorfon. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 162p. approx. 460 ref. Price: CHF 22.00 (CHF 15.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157132-2 (In English)

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Main conclusions of this criteria document: several cases of human poisoning from exposure to trichlorfon (chlorophos) have been reported; in some cases, delayed polyneuropathy occurred some weeks after exposure. A few cases of occupational poisoning have occurred; exposure to air concentrations exceeding 0.5mg/m³ resulted in decreased plasma cholinesterase and changes in the EEG pattern. Summaries in French and Spanish. (67765)

CIS 96-1804 Fenitrothion. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 184p. approx. 420 ref. Price: CHF 22.00 (CHF 15.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157133-0 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document: fenitrothion (metathion) is a moderately toxic organophosphorus ester; over-exposure from handling during manufacture and use may cause serious poisoning. Some cases of contact dermatitis have been reported. Summaries in French and Spanish. (67766)

CIS 96-1805 Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls (second edition). International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 2nd ed. 1993. 682p. approx. 1400 ref. Price: CHF 70.00 (CHF 49.00 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157140-3 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document: commercial mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) often contain polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) which contribute significantly to their toxicity. In two poisoning incidents in Japan, symptoms of intoxication were probably caused by combined exposure to PCBs and PCDFs in contaminated food. Continuous occupational exposure to high PCB and PCDF concentrations may have effects on the skin (chloracne) and liver. Although there are reports of cancer among some exposed workers, there is no conclusive evidence of an association between PCB exposure and increased cancer mortality. No information is available on the effects of polychlorinated terphenyls in humans. Summaries in French and Spanish. Revised version of Environmental Health Criteria 2 (CIS 78-762). (67767)

CIS 96-1806 Hydroquinone. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1994. 178p. approx. 340 ref. Price: CHF 27.00 (CHF 18.90 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157157-8 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document: there are reports of a possible relationship between occupational exposure to photographic developers containing hydroquinone and depigmentation of the skin. Patch testing with hydroquinone has resulted in irritation and contact allergy. Combined exposure to quinone vapour and hydroquinone dust causes eye irritation, sensitivity to light, corneal damage and visual disturbances. Cases of intoxication have been reported after oral ingestion. Summaries in French and Spanish. (67768)

CIS 96-1807 Acetaldehyde. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1995. 129p. approx. 300 ref. Price: CHF 22.00 (CHF 15.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157167-5 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document: acetaldehyde is mildly irritating to the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Cutaneous erythema has been observed in patch testing. Data from animal studies and human subjects suggest that acetaldehyde may be implicated in alcohol-associated liver damage, facial flushing and developmental effects. Summaries in French and Spanish. (67769)

CIS 96-1808 Cresols. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1995. 144p. approx. 340 ref. Price: CHF 22.00 (CHF 15.40 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-157168-3 (In English)

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Conclusions of this criteria document: cresols are strongly irritant and corrosive. Occupational exposure usually results from dermal contact and can cause severe burns, anuria, coma and death. No information is available regarding the effects of chronic exposure to cresols. Primary targets of ingested cresols are the central nervous system, blood and kidneys. Summaries in French and Spanish. (67770)

CIS 96-1809 Accident prevention manual for business and industry - Environmental management. Krieger G.R., ed., National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558, USA, 1995. xv, 536p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 99.95., ISBN 0-87912-170-X (In English)

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Part 1 of this manual examines the historical, ethical and economic aspects of global environmental developments along with U.S. and international legislation, basic principles of environmental science, management of environmental resources, and environmental audits and site assessments. Part 2 covers the management of hazardous wastes (storage, disposal, transportation, air and water quality, health and safety training for hazardous waste activities, pollution prevention approaches and technologies). Part 3 covers public health issues, health risk assessment, indoor air quality and global issues. Includes case studies of environmental management activities in different industries. (67540)

CIS 96-1810 Safety and environmental management. Della-Giustina D.E., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, and Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, United Kingdom, 1996. xiii, 306p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price (in Europe): GBP 45.00., ISBN 0-442-02117-8 (In English)

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This manual provides practical guidance on developing and maintaining a safety and environmental management programme. Contents: hazard communication and management of hazardous materials (material safety data sheets, identification of hazardous chemicals, employee information and training, hazardous chemical releases); accident investigation techniques; emergency response organization; fire safety; lockout/tagout procedures; preventing ergonomic hazards; precautions during work in confined spaces; role of management. Glossary. (67615)

CIS 96-1811 Diagnostic study of legislation on pesticides in Costa Rica. (Spanish: Estudio diagnóstico sobre la legislación de plaguicidas en Costa Rica) Castro Córdoba R., Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Ministerio de Salud, Departamento de Sustancias Tóxicas y Medicina del Trabajo, San José, Costa Rica, 31 Jan. 1995. 69p. (In Spanish)

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This study surveys the impact of pesticide legislation on actual pesticide use in Costa Rica. Contents: the general legal framework; specific regulations; restricted-use and prohibited pesticides; recognized responsible experts (regentes); other relevant legislation; criminal and civil liability; conclusions. (67568)

CIS 96-1812 Report on the measurement and evaluation of exposure to solvents in Hamburg's paint and varnish industry. (German: Bericht über die Ermittlung und Bewertung von Lösemittelbelastungen in Hamburger Lackfabriken) Schröter U., Lau S., Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Behörde für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales, Amt für Arbeitsschutz, Adolph-Schönfelder-Strasse 5, 22083 Hamburg, Germany, Oct. 1994. 18p. Illus. (In German)

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In nine small and medium-sized paint and varnish-producing enterprises in Hamburg, Germany, exposure to solvents was determined by taking personal and ambient air samples which were then analyzed by gas chromatography. The measurements, analyses and evaluation of the results were performed in compliance with the regulations for harmful substances in Germany. Employees were found to be exposed mainly to xylene, ethylbenzene and solvent naphtha. Exposure to these substances was high in all workplaces and exposure limits were frequently exceeded. Installed exhaust systems were found to be inefficient and personal protective equipment was either not available or not in use. (67747)

CIS 96-1813 Quintozene - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1989. 30p. 18 ref. Price: CHF 5.00., ISBN 92-4-154335-3 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 41 (CIS 86-215). Contents: identity and uses of quintozene; health hazards (low toxicity); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes an international chemical safety card for workplace display. (67502)

CIS 96-1814 Tetramethrin - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1989. 28p. Illus. 16 ref. Price: CHF 5.00., ISBN 92-4-154352-3 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 98 (CIS 90-1959). Contents: identity and uses of tetramethrin; health hazards (no reports of adverse effects in humans); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes an international chemical safety card for workplace display. (67503)

CIS 96-1815 d-Phenothrin - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1989. 27p. Illus. 19 ref. Price: CHF 5.00., ISBN 92-4-154353-1 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 96 (CIS 91-227). Contents: identity and uses of d-phenothrin; health hazards (no reports of adverse effects in humans); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes an international chemical safety card for workplace display. (67504)

CIS 96-1816 Vinylidene chloride - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1989. 28p. Illus. 18 ref. Price: CHF 5.00., ISBN 92-4-154357-4 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 100 (CIS 90-1635). Contents: identity and uses of vinylidene chloride; health hazards (skin absorption, effects on the central nervous system, kidney and liver, cardiovascular damage, irritation); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes an international chemical safety card for workplace display. (67505)

CIS 96-1817 Camphechlor - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1990. 34p. Illus. 20 ref. Price: CHF 5.00., ISBN 92-4-151040-4 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 45 (CIS 86-219). Contents: identity and uses of camphechlor (toxaphene); health hazards (poisoning, potential human carcinogen); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes an international chemical safety card for workplace display. (67506)

CIS 96-1818 Captafol - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1990. 20p. Illus. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151049-8 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of captafol based on critical national reviews along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses of captafol; health hazards (allergic and contact dermatitis, irritation, carcinogenic potential in animals); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67507)

CIS 96-1819 Captan - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1990. 20p. Illus. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151050-1 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of captan based on critical national reviews along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses of captan; health hazards (allergic dermatitis and eye irritation, carcinogenic potential in animals); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67508)

CIS 96-1820 n-Hexane - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 28p. 10 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151059-5 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 122 (CIS 91-1246). Contents: identity and uses of n-hexane; health hazards (skin absorption, irritation, central nervous system effects); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67509)

CIS 96-1821 Endrin - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 38p. Illus. 24 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151060-9 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 130 (CIS 93-616). Contents: identity and uses of endrin; health hazards (skin absorption, poisoning, central nervous system effects); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67510)

CIS 96-1822 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 28p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151063-3 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 120 (CIS 91-1639). Contents: identity and uses of hexachlorocyclopentadiene; health hazards (skin absorption, severe irritation); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67511)

CIS 96-1823 Fenitrothion - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 37p. 29 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151065-X (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 133 (see CIS 96-1804). Contents: identity and uses of metathion (fenitrothion); health hazards (skin absorption, poisoning, irritation); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. In annex: treatment of organophosphate insecticide poisoning in man. (67512)

CIS 96-1824 Trichlorfon - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1991. 41p. Illus. 30 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151066-8 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 132 (see CIS 96-1803). Contents: identity and uses of chlorophos (trichlorfon); health hazards (skin absorption, poisoning, irritation); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. In annex: treatment of organophosphate insecticide poisoning in man. (67513)

CIS 96-1825 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 52p. Illus. 18 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151068-4 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 140 (see CIS 96-1805). Contents: identity and uses of PCBs and PCTs; health hazards (poisoning, irritation, chloracne, liver disturbances); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67514)

CIS 96-1826 Dimethylarsinic acid, methanearsonic acid, and salts - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 21p. 10 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151069-2 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of cacodylic acid (dimethylarsinic acid), methylarsonic acid (methanearsonic acid), and their salts based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (animal studies indicate low toxicity); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67515)

CIS 96-1827 Inorganic arsenic compounds other than arsine - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 31p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151070-6 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of inorganic arsenic compounds based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (fatal poisoning, human carcinogen); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67516)

CIS 96-1828 Folpet - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 21p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151072-2 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of folpet based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (irritation, no serious adverse health effects); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67517)

CIS 96-1829 Rotenone - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 17p. Illus. 9 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151073-0 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of rotenone based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (poisoning, dermatitis, ulcers in the nose, irritation of mucous membranes); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67518)

CIS 96-1830 Methyl parathion - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 41p. Illus. 38 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151075-7 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 145 (CIS 94-649). Contents: identity and uses of methyl parathion; health hazards (skin absorption, poisoning); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67519)

CIS 96-1831 Monocrotophos - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 36p. Illus. 33 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151080-3 (In English)

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This document provides a hazard evaluation of azodrin (monocrotophos) based on critical national reviews, along with practical guidance on exposure limitation. Contents: identity and uses; health hazards (skin absorption, poisoning); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. (67520)

CIS 96-1832 Carbendazim - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 22p. Illus. 8 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151082-X (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 149 (CIS 94-1019). Contents: identity and uses of methyl 2-benzimidazolylcarbamate (carbendazim); health hazards (low toxicity, no reports of adverse human health effects); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67521)

CIS 96-1833 Hexachlorobutadiene - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 26p. 4 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151084-6 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 156 (CIS 94-2025). Contents: identity and uses of hexachlorobutadiene; health hazards (animal studies indicate that the substance is irritating and corrosive); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67522)

CIS 96-1834 Acetaldehyde - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1994. 32p. 8 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151090-0 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 167 (see CIS 96-1807). Contents: identity and uses of acetaldehyde; health hazards (irritation, corrosion); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67523)

CIS 96-1835 Cresols - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1996. 22p. 6 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151100-1 (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 168 (see CIS 96-1808). Contents: identity and uses of cresols; health hazards (irritation, corrosion); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67524)

CIS 96-1836 Hydroquinone - Health and safety guide. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1996. 30p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: CHF 5.00 (CHF 3.50 in developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-151101-X (In English)

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This document provides practical guidance on the application of exposure limitation guidelines contained in Environmental Health Criteria 157 (see CIS 96-1806). Contents: identity and uses of hydroquinone; health hazards (poisoning, corrosion, allergic dermatitis, sensitization, eye irritation, corneal injury visual disturbances); guidance on hazard prevention and protection, first aid, explosion and fire hazards, storage and transport, spillage and disposal; current regulations and standards. Includes a summary of chemical safety information for workplace display. (67525)

CIS 96-1837 Sampling methods for chemical contaminants in air. (Spanish: Métodos de toma de muestra de contaminantes químicos en aire) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1993. Introduction + 29 data sheets in a ring binder. Bibl.ref., ISBN 84-7425-381-0 (In Spanish)

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Compendium of 29 data sheets on standard sampling methods for chemical contaminants in air. The introduction includes notes on sampling pumps, breakthrough volumes and passive diffusion samplers. Sampling methods are provided for: asbestos fibres, carbon black, total dust, airborne particles (respirable fraction), asphalt fumes, chromic acid mist, mineral oil mists, aliphatic ketones, aliphatic esters, formaldehyde, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon fractions, isocyanates, methanol, aliphatic alcohols, acetone and its dimers, benzene-soluble coal-tar derivatives, phenol, tertiary aliphatic amines, acetone/styrene, toluene/hexane, chlorinated hydrocarbons, inorganic acid anions, metals and metal fumes, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, mercury (vapour), cyanides. (67674)

CIS 96-1838 Guidelines for the safe use of chemicals in electroplating and related industries. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, June 1996. 35p. 16 ref. Price: NZD 10.00., ISBN 0-477-03596-5 (In English)

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Contents of these guidelines: legislation; plant design (managing hazardous substances, engineering controls for plating tanks, electrical safety); safe plant operation (material safety data sheets, storage and handling of chemicals, personal protection, emergency procedures, maintenance, information and training); provision of eye-wash facilities, showers and eating facilities; health surveillance and first aid (cyanide poisoning); monitoring chromium plating tanks. In appendices: workplace checklists; exhaust ventilation for open tanks; chemicals used in electroplating; product safety card. Glossary. (67616)

CIS 96-1839 Chemical substances. (Swedish: Kemiska ämnen) Arbetarskyddsnämnden, Box 3208, 103 64 Stockholm, Sweden. CD-ROM (works on both PCs and Macintoshes). Price: Swedish version - SEK 4,800.00 (initial purchase), SEK 3,000.00 (annual updates), there is also a network version; English version - SEK 5,700.00 (initial purchase), SEK 3,550.00 (annual updates) [but: SEK 900.00 for those who already have the Swedish version; free for those who have the Swedish network version]. ###, ISBN 91-7522-525-5 (In English, Swedish)

CD-ROM containing information on approx. 3200 substances: names and synonyms in Swedish, English, French and German; tradenames; health hazards; protective measures; handling of chemicals in laboratories, industry, transport and schools; preparation of data sheets for industry and transportation; legislation; how to handle poisoning emergencies; information from the document Kemiska hälsorisker (see CIS 90-1157). (67771)

CIS 96-1840 IRIS-CD: EPA's Integrated Risk Information System. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1996. CD-ROM (for Windows). Price: USD 495.00 (single user), USD 1,495.00 (network license). ### (In English)

This CD-ROM includes 10-20 pages of risk assessment information on each of >500 chemicals, produced from the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) database. Other supportive documentation is also included: alphabetic and CAS-order list of chemicals; background documents; glossaries. (67782)

CIS 96-1841 CFR Chemical Lists on CD ROM. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1996. CD-ROM (for Windows). Price: USD 110.00 (single user), USD 330.00 (network license). ### (In English)

This CD-ROM contains 103 lists from the US Code of Federal Regulations, covering the regulation of chemicals by EPA, OSHA and DOT (HAZMAT). A printed edition (regularly updated) of the major part of this information, entitled Book of Lists for Regulated Hazardous Substances (last abstracted as CIS 92-1765) also exists. (67783)

CIS 96-1842 Chemical data for workplace sampling and analysis: OSHA's Chemical Information File, 1996. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1995. Diskette (for Windows). Price: USD 99.00 (single user), USD 297.00 (network license). ### (In English)

Chemical database on 1400 regulated substances commonly encountered in industrial hygiene investigations. For each substance, the following information is included: description; physical properties; exposure limits; classification and hazard codes; hazardous incompatibilities; exposure effects (symptoms, organs affected); references to sampling and analytical methods. (67788)

CIS 96-1843 RCRA Hazardous Waste SourceDisk - Laws, regulations, and contacts [USA]. Government Institutes, 4 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA, 1996. CD-ROM (for Windows or Macintosh). Price: USD 199.00 (single user), USD 597.00 (network license). ### (In English)

This CD-ROM contains all the legal and administrative information necessary for compliance with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of the US (1976). Included are: complete texts of the RCRA and other relevant laws; complete texts of relevant federal regulations (40 CFR, Parts 240-299; 49 CFR, Parts 171-199 and 350-399; newly revised HM-181 Table for the transportation of hazardous materials); addresses and phone numbers of relevant government offices, professional and trade organizations, periodicals and research centres; databases. (67781)

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CIS 96-1844 Protection of employees in the flooding areas of CO₂ fire-extinguishing systems. (German: Personenschutz im Flutungsbereich von CO₂- Feuerlöschanlagen) Bunthoff S., Sicherheitsingenieur, Dec. 1994, Vol.25, No.12, p.24-27. Illus. 2 ref. (In German)

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Carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations produced by the experimental activation of a fixed extinguishing system in a rolling mill were measured on the control platform and at floor level in the vicinity of the rolls. While on the control platform no hazardous levels were measured at any time, lethal concentrations did occur at floor level. During the maintenance work the automatic release mechanism of the fire extinguisher needs to be deactivated. A water extinguishing system is to be used as a substitute. In addition, escape routes from all workplaces on and near the rolling mill need to be marked clearly. (67621)

CIS 96-1845 Evaluation of the toxic hazard in fires: Toxicity tests on volatile combustion products. (Spanish: Evaluación del riesgo tóxico en los incendios. Ensayos de toxicidad de los productos volátiles de la combustión) Lacosta Berna J.M., Mapfre seguridad, 1st Quarter 1996, No.61, p.23-37. Illus. 14 ref. (In Spanish)

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Survey and study of the problems of exposure to volatile toxic substances released in fires in modern settings. Contents: the chemical nature of polyvinylchloride (PVC) and the mechanism of by-product formation (includes a table comparing substances released during fires involving wood and expanded polystyrene); qualitative description of atmospheres during a fire; classification of fires; relevance of animal experiment data for human exposure to fire by-products; classic inhalation studies and studies of exposure to combustion products; quantitative toxicology studies; concentration, time after exposure and response; models of fires and criteria for their evaluation (studies on actual fires, oxygen content, CO₂-CO relationship, temperature and heat flow, validity of toxic hazard evaluation); selection of fire models; methods for the analysis of gases and fumes; prediction of toxic effects (general concepts, single-gas atmospheres, atmospheres with gas mixtures, calculation of Fractional Effective Doses (FEDs)). (67679)

CIS 96-1846 Epidemiology of hazardous materials responses by Massachusetts district HAZMAT teams. Kales S.N., Castro M.J., Christiani D.C., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.394-400. 29 ref. (In English)

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This study is an analysis of responses obtained from six district hazardous materials (HAZMAT) teams in the state of Massachusetts (USA). Of the total number of responses, 79% related to spills, leaks or other escapes of hazardous materials, 18% to fires, 10% to vehicle accidents and 8% to explosions or other uncontrolled chemical reactions. The total exceeds 100% because more than a single cause was responsible for some of the accidents. Chemicals most frequently involved were hydrocarbons and corrosive materials. Civilians were injured in 21% of the incidents, but for most of them there were no reported injuries. Further systematic study is recommended to generate ideas for primary prevention and better control of secondary health effects. (67708)

CIS 96-1847 Gaseous fire extinguishing agents used in fixed fire extinction installations. (French: Agents extincteurs gazeux utilisés dans les installations fixes d'extinction) Petit J.M., Falcy M., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2026-164-96, p.321-328. 15 ref. (In French)

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Gaseous fire extinguishing agents may be recommended for numerous installations, in particular where there is a major fire hazard or to protect costly equipment. This guide is designed to help users, particularly staff responsible for fire safety, to become better acquainted with this type of extinguishing agent: uses and limitations; presentation of the gases used (carbon dioxide, other inert gases, halon 1301, other halogenated hydrocarbons); use on premises open to the public; risks related to decomposition products; access to premises after emission; regulations and recommendations for use. The opinion issued by the Committee of the French Ministry of the Environment for the assessment of the ecotoxicity of chemicals on 27 Jan. 1994, relating to the use of certain halon substitutes in firefighting, is appended. (67714)

CIS 96-1848 Respiratory disease as a result of talc inhalation. Scancarello G., Romeo R., Sartorelli E., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.610-614. 29 ref. (In English)

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Three cases of respiratory disease in workers occupationally exposed to talc containing asbestos fibres are reported. Clinical tests revealed bilateral pleural plaques in all patients. In two subjects the study of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) revealed lymphocytic alveolitis with an increased T4/T8 ratio. Mineralogical analysis of BAL detected asbestos fibres and many asbestos bodies. A mineralogical study of 12 commercial talc samples revealed asbestos fibres in five samples. Exposure to asbestos may not be recognized in workers exposed to talc dust. Examination of these workers should include all relevant clinical tests together with mineralogical analysis of BAL and the materials to which the patients were exposed. (67426)

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CIS 96-1849 Electrical fatalities among U.S. construction workers. Ore T., Casini V., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.587-592. 26 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of data from the NIOSH National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities surveillance system from 1980 to 1991 revealed that electrocutions ranked as the second leading cause of death in the construction industry; a total of 2015 electrocution deaths were identified. Nearly 40% of fatal electrocutions in all industries combined occurred in construction; 80% were associated with industrial wiring, appliances and transmission lines. Those most at risk were male, young, nonwhite workers employed as electricians, structural metal workers and labourers. Preventive measures are put forward. (67423)

CIS 96-1850 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for commercial electric cooking ranges, ovens, hobs and hob elements. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les cuisinières, les fours, les tables de cuisson et les foyers de cuisson électriques à usage collectif) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 3rd ed., Aug. 1993. 57p. (In English, French)

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This international standard is applicable to the safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2 relates to the requirements for commercial electric cooking ranges, ovens, hobs and hob elements. Main contents: scope; definitions; general requirement; general conditions for the tests; classification; marking and instructions; protection against access to live parts; starting of motor-operated appliances; power input and current; heating; leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature; moisture resistance; leakage current and electric strength; overload protection of transformers and associated circuits; endurance; abnormal operation; stability and mechanical hazards; mechanical strength; construction; internal wiring; components; supply connection and external flexible cords; terminals for external conductors; provision for earthing; screws and connections; creepage distances, clearances and distances through insulation; resistance to heat, fire and tracking; resistance to rusting; radiation, toxicity and similar hazards. Figures. Annexes. (67739)

CIS 96-1851 Protection of structures against lightning. Part 1: General principles. Section 1: Guide A - Selection of protection levels for lightning protection systems. (French: Protection des structures contre la foudre. Partie 1: Principes généraux. Section 1: Guide A: Choix des niveaux de protection pour les installations de protection contre la foudre) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., Aug. 1993. 43p. Illus. (In English, French)

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This international standard concerns the protection of structures against lightning. The fist part specifies the general principles: selection of protection levels for lightning protection systems. Contents: general; classification of structures; lightning parameters; selection of protection levels for Lightning Protection Systems (LPS). Figures and annex. (67740)

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CIS 96-1852 Methods to evaluate the probability of atmospheric lightning strikes. (Italian: Metodi di valutazione della probabilità di fulminazione atmosferica) Di Giovanni D., Lo Piparo G.B., Mazzetti C., Prevenzione oggi, Jan.-June 1995, Vol.7, No.1-2, p.95-121. Illus. 32 ref. (In Italian)

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This article describes different models to calculate the frequency with which lightning is likely to strike a given structure. The effectiveness of protection systems is also considered. Through the analysis of the different models their reliability is confirmed as far as possible through a comparison with experimentally obtained results. Due to the complex nature of the phenomenon of lightning and also the interaction processes between lightning and the structures, these problems can be dealt with only in terms of probability. (67544)

CIS 96-1853 Hand-arm vibration syndrome caused by power screwdrivers. Kákosy T., Martin J., Diner J., Székely A., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1996, Vol.2, No.2, p.175-180. 14 ref. (In English)

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Angiological, neurological and radiological examination of the upper extremities of 17 persons working with power screwdrivers revealed 12 patients with symptoms of the upper limbs, including numbness, muscle weakness and cold sensitivity. 10 of these also had signs corresponding to hand-arm vibration syndrome. In 9 out of 15 different types of power tools evaluated, the vibration levels exceeded the maximum allowable acceleration level. The importance of the right choice of tools and the significance of periodic medical examinations are emphasized. (67433)

CIS 96-1854 Methodologies for the detection and evaluation of hand-arm vibration caused by agricultural and forestry machinery. (Italian: Metodologie di rilevazione e di valutazione delle vibrazioni trasmesse al sistema mano-braccio da macchine agricole e forestali) Azzaretto E., Peretti A., Prevenzione oggi, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.6, No.3, p.3-58. Illus. 30 ref. (In Italian)

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This report deals with the impact of hand-arm vibration caused by work with agricultural and forestry machines. A standardized methodology to measure such vibrations was defined, partly in order to obtain data that can be used to reduce health problems (Raynaud's phenomenon), due to exposure to vibration in an unregulated environment. Results of measurements are used to suggest possible improvements in the manufacturing of these vibration-generating machines. (67541)

CIS 96-1855 Pleasingly quiet - Designing silent hydraulic pumps with the help of the finite element method. (German: Schön leise - Lärmarme Hydraulikpumpen konstruieren mit Hilfe der Finite-Elemente-Methode) Breuer-Stercken A., Hörster J., Jochum S., Maschinenmarkt, Sep. 1994, Vol.100, No.38, p.66-70. Illus. (In German)

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The finite-element-method for predicting the vibrations of hydraulic pumps is based on dividing the pump into smaller sections. The noise and vibration excitation in the individual sections is simulated by mathematical models. A radial piston pump is used to illustrate the method. The influence of variables such as wall thickness or location of various components on the noise radiated by the pump can be predicted. Development time can be cut due to a lower number of prototypes needed in the design of silent hydraulic pumps. (67627)

CIS 96-1856 Measurement of the acoustic performances of ear plugs. Test using the MIRE technique. (French: Mesure des performances acoustiques des bouchons d'oreille - Essai d'application de la technique MIRE (Microphone in the real ear)) Kusy A., Damongeot A., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2023-164-96, p.287-291. Illus. 7 ref. (In French)

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The protection offered by some hearing protectors (ear muffs or ear plugs) of the non-linear or active types varies with the sound level. For the specific standardization of such hearing protectors, the need was felt to validate an objective method for assessing the noise attenuation afforded by a proven passive protector. The application of the MIRE (Microphone In Real Ear) technique, in which noise is measured by a miniature microphone placed in the ear canal, to the measurement of the acoustic performances of ear plugs of the user-moulded type is described. The noise attenuation measured using this technique was compared with the results obtained for the same protector using the subjective REAT (standardized hearing threshold displacement) method. There appears to be good agreement between the two methods, except at the 8kHz frequency. This discrepancy may be corrected by taking certain precautions in use. (67711)

CIS 96-1857 Determination of sound power by intensity measurement using a scanning technique. Comparison of accuracy indicators by numerical simulation. (French: Détermination de la puissance acoustique par intensimétrie, à l'aide de la technique de balayage - Comparaison par simulation numérique des indicateurs de précision) Danière P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2027-164-96, p.329-342. Illus. 19 ref. (In French)

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This study was based essentially on numerical simulation of the determination of sound power levels by intensity measurement using two techniques (fixed point and scanning). Additional experiments confirmed the results of the simulation and also allowed for variation in time, which could not be simulated. It demonstrated that the scanning technique, using the same criteria and indicators as the fixed point technique, is a valid method for the determination of sound power levels. It also served to define the scanning conditions that produce results comparable to those obtained by the fixed point method. (67715)

CIS 96-1858 Prognosis of vibration induced white finger: A follow up study. Petersen R., Andersen M., Mikkelsen S., Nielsen S.L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.110-115. 22 ref. (In English)

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A total of 102 subjects with vibration induced white finger (VWF) were reexamined 13 years after the condition had first been diagnosed. Information about symptoms, occupation, and the prevalence of other diseases was present in the medical records from the first examination and was collected by a questionnaire and an interview at the second examination. The decrease in systolic blood pressure in a finger during cold provocation (FSP%) was measured in the same finger at both examinations. At the second examination, 22% stated that the frequency of attacks had decreased, 32% that it had increased. The aggravation was most notable in smokers and subjects who also had circulatory diseases other that VWF. As the FSP% in nearly half of the subjects had improved, it is concluded that VWF has a good prognosis in patients with mainly moderate to severe VWF after one to 13 years of observation. Continued work with high-vibration hand-held tools, smoking, other circulatory diseases and young age at the time of the diagnosis hand an unfavourable influence on the prognosis. (67735)

CIS 96-1859 Neuropathy in female dental personnel exposed to high frequency vibrations. Åkesson I., Lundborg G., Horstmann V., Skerfving S., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.116-123. 38 ref. (In English)

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To evaluate early neuropathy in dental personnel exposed to high-frequency vibrations, 30 dentists and 30 dental hygienists who used low and high speed hand pieces and ultrasonic scalers were compared with 30 dental assistants and 30 medical nurses not exposed to vibrations (all women). Vibrotactile sensibility, strength, motor performance, sensorineural symptoms and signs, and vascular symptoms in the hands were studied. The two groups exposed to vibration had significant impairments of vibrotactile sensibility, strength and motor performance, as well as more frequent sensorineural symptoms which may be detrimental to their work performance. Thus, development of safer equipment is urgent. (67736)

CIS 96-1860 Heart rates, rectal and skin temperatures recorded during work in moderate cold. Griefahn B., Forsthoff A., Bröde P., Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 1996, Vol.2, No.2, p.146-157. 18 ref. (In English)

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Heart rates and rectal and skin temperatures were continuously recorded for three groups of food industry employees working in air temperatures of 0-7°C, 13-15°C or moving frequently between these temperatures. The three groups differed only with regard to temperatures of the skin directly exposed to cold air, particularly the fingers. Temperature declines at the fingers and subsequent rewarming times were inversely related to average air temperatures. Since cold-induced vasoconstrictions probably constitute a risk for Raynaud's phenomenon, adequate protection of the hands against cold is required. (67432)

CIS 96-1861 Risk of heat-related injury to disaster relief workers in a slow-onset flood disaster. Dellinger A.M., Kachur S.P., Sternberg E., Russell J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.689-692. 15 ref. (In English)

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Analysis of medical claims filed by disaster relief workers in the State of Illinois (USA) following the 1993 floods indicated that the most frequently reported injury was heat-related injury or illness. Workers involved in sandbagging activities were exposed to high ambient temperatures, high humidity and prolonged exertion, all of which can contribute to heat-related injury. Basic prevention guidelines include a balanced work-rest schedule, easily accessible drinking water, acclimatization to work activities, and early recognition and treatment of heat-related symptoms. (67586)

CIS 96-1862 Is occupationally induced exposure to radiation a risk factor for thyroid nodule formation?. Antonelli A., Silvano G., Gambuzza C., Bianchi F., Tana L., Baschieri L., Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1996, Vol.51, No.3, p.177-180. 9 ref. (In English)

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The prevalence of thyroid nodules was studied with ultrasonography in a group of 44 male hospital workers occupationally exposed to X-rays during 23.5 ± 6.4 years. The control group consisted of 88 non-exposed male workers. Thyroid nodules were detected in 18 (41%) of the exposed workers and 11 (13%) of controls. Thyroid function tests were performed in all subjects and found to be in the normal range. The younger subjects of the first group appeared to be at a particular high risk of nodule formation. The nodules were statistically more frequent in subjects occupationally exposed for more than 20 years, compared with those exposed for 10-19 years and with controls. The results of this preliminary study suggest that long-term, low dose occupational exposure to radiation may be a risk factor for thyroid nodule formation. (67487)

CIS 96-1863 Report on the doses of ionizing radiation received by employees of public health care institutions. (Italian: Rapporto delle dosi da radiadiazioni ionizzanti ricevute dai lavoratori degli istituti pubblici di ricovero e cura) Parisi A., Bonanni A., Loppa A., Prevenzione oggi, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.6, No.3, p.83-124. Illus. (In Italian)

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This survey on ionizing radiation doses received by Italian hospital workers during 1990 was carried out by ISPESL (Istituto Superiore Prevenzione Sicurezza Lavoro). Data were collected by means of a questionnaire addressed to 1,205 hospitals and other health-care institutions (data on 45,750 exposed workers were returned by 612 institutions). A distinction was made between professionally and occasionally exposed workers. In addition to summary information on national cumulative data, separate tables provide a breakdown of the results by professional category and by region. The analysis of the dose distributions shows that practically all (99.9%) the professionally exposed subjects received doses below the annual maximum value of 50mSv. For the occasionally exposed subjects, 99.8% received doses below the 50mSv limit. (67543)

CIS 96-1864 Study of radiation doses to personnel in a cardiac catheterization laboratory. McKetty M.H., Health Physics, Apr. 1996, Vol.70, No.4, p.563-567. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

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The objective of this study was to determine the reasons for the high personal dosimetry readings for staff in a cardiac catheterization laboratory and to implement corrective measures to keep exposures as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). Twelve physicians were double badged (at waist and collar level), while all other routinely monitored personnel continued to be single badged (at waist or collar level, with respect to the lead apron used). With few exceptions, the monitored badges exceeded the Level 1 of ALARA limits, because dosimeters were either improperly used or not always worn by all personnel. Other variables affecting dosimeters exposure such as position of personnel during the procedure, position of x-ray beam and haphazard use of shielding devices were also taken into account. (67565)

CIS 96-1865 Estimated dose to a flood clean-up worker. Cehn J.I., Health Physics, Jan. 1996, Vol.70, No.1, p.109-110. 1 ref. (In English)

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A case is discussed of a waste station worker accidentally exposed to ionizing radiation from 10 radium needles. She worked nearby for 2.5 days until the material was identified as a radioactive source. Her external exposure was reconstructed and estimated to be 1.25-1.75mSv (125-175mrem), but no medical concern or follow-up was indicated from this dose. If she were pregnant during this incident, since the regulatory dose limit for a pregnant radiation worker is 5mSv (500mrem) the dose to the foetus would also be within safe limits. (67569)

CIS 96-1866 Silicosis, radon, and lung cancer risk in Ontario miners. Finkelstein M.M., Health Physics, Sept. 1995, Vol.69, No.3, p.396-399. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

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Uranium miners are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer. This is generally attributable to exposure to radon. However, miners are also exposed to silica, classified by IARC as a possible human carcinogen. In a study of lung cancer risk in 328 miners with silicosis, which included a small number of uranium miners (23 subjects), it was found that the radon risk factor decreased when lung cancer risk was adjusted for the presence of silicosis. Smoking is also an important risk factor, but it was not feasible to include smoking in the statistical models. The results for the radon risk factors are, however, uncertain because of the small number of uranium miners included in the sample. Additional studies of this factor are considered warranted. (67570)

CIS 96-1867 Analysis of chromosome aberrations to provide evidence of exposure to radiation. (German: Analyse von Chromosomenaberrationen zum Nachweis von Strahlenexpositionen) Stephan G., Atomwirtschaft - Atomtechnik, June 1995, Vol.40, No.6, p.399-403. Illus. (In German)

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The analysis of chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes is used in addition to dosimetry to determine the radiation exposure of occupationally exposed personnel. The technique, which is described in the article, can provide evidence of exposure to ionizing radiation when no dosimeter is worn. It can also be used to confirm results obtained with a dosimeter. The problems encountered by the use of dicentric chromosomes for quantifying radiation exposures and the advantages of using symmetrical translocations instead are discussed. (67692)

CIS 96-1868 Bronchial dysplasia induced by radiation in miners exposed to ²²²Rn progeny. Michaylov M.A., Pressyanov D.S., Kalinov K.B., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.82-85. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

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This study investigated whether sputum cytology can be used to monitor epithelial cell changes in groups at high risk of lung cancer from exposure to radiation. To this end, 434 underground miners were examined of whom 334 were exposed to ²²²Rn progeny and 100 were not. The frequency of dysplasia in the exposed group was significantly higher than in the unexposed group and an exposure-response relation was found which was different for smokers and non-smokers. Possibly the frequencies of dysplasia could be used to assess past exposures of groups of miners. This approach could be applied to cases where data on radiation monitoring are not available or are very scarce. (67732)

CIS 96-1869 Thoriated tungsten welding rods and radioactive risk. (French: Baguettes de soudure en tungstène thorié et risque radioactif) Jacquet C., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.551-555. 21 ref. (In French)

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TIG welding of stainless steel and aluminium requires the use of thoriated tungsten rods which are regularly ground, a process involving a risk of internal and external contamination by thorium, a slightly radioactive metal emitting alpha and gamma rays. Work analysis, measurement of inhalable dust and urinary analysis of thorium, when taken together with its physical properties, suggest that TIG welders receive a non-significant external dose of gamma-ray radiation and a significant internal dose of alpha-rays radiation, although even the latter remains below exposure limits. Thus, these welders are among employees subject to legally defined radiation exposure. Given the carcinogenic risks of thorium, medical surveillance must be reinforced and preventive measures taken, through exhaust ventilation during the grinding process or the replacement of thorium, e.g. by cerium, which has the same stabilizing properties on electric arc welding. (67743)

CIS 96-1870 Noise exposure of truck drivers: A comparative study. van den Heever D.J., Roets F.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, June 1996, Vol.57, No.6, p.564-566. 16 ref. (In English)

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The continuous A-weighted sound pressure, maximum sound pressure levels and percentage noise dose were determined in the cabs of two different brands of trucks manufactured with identical engines. No significant differences regarding the individual noise exposure of the truck drivers were found. Comparison of measured noise exposures with existing criteria revealed that the truck drivers were exposed to noise levels that were potentially hazardous to their hearing. (67537)

CIS 96-1871 Effects of vibration on the work environment of drivers of trucks with gross weights up to 7.5T. (German: Schwingungseinwirkung an Arbeitsplätzen von Kraftfahrern auf Lkw bis 7,5T) Fischer S., Göres B., Gondek K.H., Sayn D., Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstr. 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, 1995. 77p. Illus. 14 ref., ISBN 3-88383-385-1 (In German)

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Report containing data and vibration spectra for the drivers of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) with a total permissible laden weight of up to 7.5T. The 24 vehicles examined were monitored over representative terrain and the acceleration at the transmission points lorry/cab/seat (seat mounting point) and driving seat/driver was measured in both cases for the three directions of vibration, X (back-chest), Y (shoulder-shoulder) and Z (direction of the spinal column). It seems that HGVs with gross weights up to 7.5T are comparable with HGVs with gross weights in excess of 7.5T not just in terms of the spectral distribution of the chassis vibrations but also with regard to the intensity of the vibrations. Summaries in English, French, German and Spanish. (67624)

CIS 96-1872 Study on air velocities and air temperatures in industrial workplaces. (German: Untersuchungen von Luftgeschwindigkeiten und Lufttemperaturen an industriellen Arbeitsplätzen) Gräff B., Hubert K., Zoller H.J., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1995. 188p. Illus. 8 ref., ISBN 3-89429-651-8 (In German)

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Air temperature, air velocity and relative humidity were measured at various locations in 11 industrial plants. The measurements were taken at 0.1, 1.1 and 1.7m above the ground. In all cases the values for air turbulence and air temperatures were in the acceptable range. Industrial plants studied included manufacturers of ventilation and air conditioning systems, a large truck assembly plant, a manufacturer of electronic components, a boiler manufacturer, a company producing punched metal products and chemical plants producing household products. (67749)

CIS 96-1873 Development and assessment of requirements for using closed life-saving appliances in case of distress at sea - Microclimate requirements and data on the acceleration behaviour in closed life-saving appliances. (German: Entwicklung und Bewertung von Anforderungsprofilen für den Einsatz geschlossener Rettungsmittel im Seenotfall: mikroklimatische Festlegungen und Aussagen zum Beschleunigungsverhalten in geschlossenen Rettungsmitteln) Hahne J., Baaske G., Hein S., Tober H., Dörp E., Hortian B., Lorenz D., Künstner H., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. 308p. Illus. 91 ref., ISBN 3-89429-728-X (In German)

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Study on the survival of occupants of closed life-saving appliances. Tests carried out under near-life conditions showed that emphasizing the protection of life-saving appliances against external factors results in ignoring or neglecting living conditions within the devices themselves. Strain parameters, especially gas concentrations and rolling and diving acceleration, may lead to obvious psychological and physical stress symptoms and changes in blood gas concentrations which may jeopardize survival itself. To ensure that live-saving appliances serve their purpose, improvements must be made so that external and internal stress parameters are kept within appropriate limits. Summaries in German, English and French. (67750)

CIS 96-1874 Occupational hearing loss and vibration induced disorders. Jones C.M., British Medical Journal, July 1996, Vol.313, p.223-226. Illus. 3 ref. (In English)

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This article is a synopsis of information on the medical aspects of occupational hearing loss and vibration-induced disorders. The incidence of hearing loss in the United Kingdom is reported (an estimated 13,000 received compensation benefits in 1992). The causes of deafness, its clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures together with audiometric screening in industry are summarized. The calculation of compensation benefits for disability from hearing loss is explained. The procedure for assessing noise exposure and the prevention of hearing loss, i.e. the appropriate ear protectors are described. Hand-arm vibration syndrome is presented together with its classification (Stockholm Workshop Scale). Diagnosis, prognosis and risk assessment aspects are also surveyed. (67489)

CIS 96-1875 Personal protective equipment - Standards complying with technical rules. (French: Equipements de protection individuelle - Normes satisfaisant aux règles techniques de sécurité) Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 3rd Quarter 1996, No.164, Note No.2028-164-96, p.349-357. (In French)

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Two tables list the certified French standards transposing the European standards adopted either by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) or the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). These standards are applied on a voluntary basis and are thought to satisfy the technical regulations set forth in the French Labor Code (Articles R.233-84 and R.233-151 respectively). (67716)

CIS 96-1876 Noise reduction in the textile industry. (French: L'insonorisation dans l'industrie textile) Guillemin C., Burgert J.C., Koninck A., Robin C., Barbara J.J., Travail et sécurité, Sep. 1996, No.552, p.69-72. Illus. 6 ref. (In French)

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Main contents of this safety data sheet on noise reduction in the textile industry: regulations applicable in France; duties of employers (control of noise exposure, collective and personal protection); duties of manufacturers (design and construction of machines that emit as little noise as possible, information of purchasers through the users' manual); duties of contractors; noise levels in the textile industry (concepts of sound field and received noise dose; noise levels by workplace); possible actions (predictive acoustics, acoustic treatment of premises, noise reduction at source, antivibration devices, installation or reinstallation of machines, enclosure of the noise source, individual isolation). Conclusions: limitations of the effectiveness of preventive action, personal protection, workers' information. (67724)

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CIS 96-1877 Risk factors in passenger lifts. (Italian: Situazioni di "Rischio" negli ascensori) Balbino P., Fogli d'informazione ISPESL, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.7, No.3, p.34-39. Illus. (In Italian)

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This brief study covers probable risk factors in passenger lifts with an analysis of accident causes. This is graphically represented by means of three typical "fault trees" (analysis of possible sequences of events), which are commented. (67550)

CIS 96-1878 Lower extremity injuries caused by the rotary blades of pulling-type tractors. (Japanese: Hokōgata torakutā no rōtarī ni yoru kashi sonshō no kentō) Nakae H., Endo S., Japanese Journal of Traumatology and Occupational Medicine, 1 June 1995, Vol.43, No.5, p.376-380. Illus. 4 ref. (In Japanese)

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Clinical analysis of five cases of lower extremity injury caused by the rotary tilling blade of pulling-type (two-wheeled) farm tractors. The injuries are of two types. Femoral injuries were associated with environmental and mechanical factors, and took the form of impalement injury to the thigh not accompanied by bone fracture. Crural injuries involved both decortication and fracture, and were due to human factors. All patients healed without sequelae after thorough cleaning and primary closure of the wound. Prevention of such accidents will require improvement in tractor design and training in the safe operation of tractors. (67751)

CIS 96-1879 High-visibility clothing for workers and European regulations. (German: Warnkleidung für den beruflichen Bereich unter dem Gesichtspunkt europäischer Regelsetzung) Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1996. 75p. Illus. 17 ref. Price: DEM 19.50., ISBN 3-89429-913-4 (In German)

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Proceedings of a conference on high-visibility clothing and European legislation held at Dortmund, Germany, on 19 Sep. 1995. Contents: visibility, perception and recognition of persons on roads and highways; provisions and basic concepts of standard DIN EN 471 on warning clothes; new conception of European harmonization and implications for legislation on equipment safety; comparisons of standards DIN 30 711 (parts 1 to 3) and DIN EN 471; certification of warning clothes; the law on equipment safety. (67622)

CIS 96-1880 Moving loads in agriculture - A global problem of prevention and rehabilitation. (French: Mouvement des charges et postures dans les divers travaux agricoles - Un problème global de la prévention et de la réadaptation) International Social Security Association (ISSA), ISSA Agriculture Section, Weissensteinstrasse 72, 34131 Kassel, Germany, 1996. 124p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-843-1102-0, ISBN 92-843-2102-6, ISBN 92-843-7102-3 (In English, French, German)

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Proceedings of a symposium on moving loads in agriculture held in Albufeira, Portugal, 4-6 October 1995. Papers cover: load activities in agriculture and forestry and general measures for avoiding or improving the manual handling of loads; physiological and ergonomic aspects; practical examples of ergonomics in forestry, viticulture and horticulture; the concept of ergonomotricity (the ergonomic study of general motion during work) and development of training programmes; quantitative analysis of postural load. (67530)

CIS 96-1881 Technical rules on steam boilers. (German: TRD - Technische Regeln für Dampfkessel) Deutscher Dampfkesselausschuss, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, 50939 Köln, Germany, 1995. 749p. Illus., ISBN 3-452-23203-4 (In German)

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Compilation of all German technical rules and draft technical rules concerning steam boilers: they deal with the materials to be used, equipment design, installation, operation, and testing of various types of steam boilers. (67695)

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CIS 96-1882 Biological risk in sewage treatment plants. (Italian: Il rischio biologico negli impianti di depurazione) Magni S., Malacarne M., Vismara R., Biologi Italiani, May 1996, Vol.26, No.5, p.46-52. 27 ref. (In Italian)

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Biological risks for waste-water treatment plant workers are discussed, with particular reference to the Italian situation compared with that existing in some other countries (Sweden, Denmark, USA, Canada, Romania). The relevant provisions of Italian decree D.L. 626/94 (see CIS 96-1531) are also commented on. Two levels of evaluation are emphasized: risk of exposure and risk of infection. It is recommended that epidemiological aspects be also analyzed together with systematic monitoring procedures of the main ways of infection: contact, ingestion and inhalation. Studies concerning hepatitis A and microbial contamination by aerosols are also reviewed. (67551)

CIS 96-1883 Post-splenectomy sepsis - The role of occupational health. Brew I., Adisesh A., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.231-232. 6 ref. (In English)

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The risks of serious infection in persons who have had their spleens removed (asplenics) are described along with the prophylaxis available and the role of the occupational health department in protecting asplenic employees. The importance of vaccination is stressed, particularly in employees travelling abroad. (67440)

CIS 96-1884 Blood-borne infections. Occupational risks and prevention. (French: Infections transmissibles par le sang. Risques professionnels et prévention) Abiteboul D., Leprince A., Carruel F., Fleury L., Forestie-Auter A.F., Joly N., Neuville K., Patey O., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1996, No.66, p.131-147. (In French)

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Report on the 1st colloquium organized by the International Section on the Prevention of Occupational Risks in Health Services of the International Association of Social Security on the prevention of blood-borne infections (Paris, France, 8-9 June 1995). Organized to survey the most recent scientific knowledge obtained from cases, this meeting attracted medical experts from various fields (occupational physicians, OSH and infection specialists, hygienists, nurses, laboratory technicians, etc.), researchers, university professors, manufacturers and equipment designers, health care institution managers, etc. Main topics: epidemiological data: prevalence of major blood-borne infections; HIV occupational contaminations; work-related hepatitis B and C; infections by other pathogens (including non conventional agents and prions); exposure risk factors (surgery, obstetrics, gynaecology; laboratories; odontology, dental medicine; home care services; other exposed occupations (garbage workers, cleaners, workers in city cleaning and hygiene services, sewage workers, workers in funeral homes and penitentiary institutions, etc.)); waste disposal; vaccination; procedure in case of accident and compensation; risk assessment and control. (67469)

CIS 96-1885 Composting facilities. Second Communication: Airborne microorganisms at different workplaces in composting plants. (German: Kompostierungsanlagen. 2. Mitteilung: Aerogene Keimbelastung an verschiedenen Arbeitsbereichen von Kompostierungsanlagen) Jager E., Rüden H., Zeschmar-Lahl B., Zentralblatt für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, 1994, Vol.196, No.4, p.367-379. Illus. 16 ref. (In German)

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Measurements in Germany of microbial pollution in the air of workplaces in 2 garbage composting plants revealed the following: the highest number concentrations of bacteria and moulds and the largest respirable dust fraction were observed during garbage comminution, turning and mixing. These findings are in agreement with published results of similar measurements in composting plants in other countries. Full enclosure of the garbage shredders and automation of garbage turning and mixing are recommended to avoid harmful levels of bacteria and mould in these workplaces. (67696)

CIS 96-1886 Allergy to laboratory animals: A follow up study of its incidence and of the influence of atopy and pre-existing sensitisation on its development. Botham P.A., Lamb C.T., Teasdale E.L., Bonner S.M., Tomenson J.A., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Feb. 1995, Vol.52, No.2, p.129-133. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

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This follow-up prospective study investigated the incidence of allergy to laboratory animals (ALA) during the first two years of employment, and the effect on ALA of atopy and sensitization. The incidence of the disease during the first year of employment has remained at about 10% since the mid-1980s. The reduction in incidence and its maintenance at a lower level is thought to be due to the introduction and management of improved engineering controls, working practices, and educational programmes designed to reduce exposure to allergens from laboratory animals. The underlying incidence of immunological sensitization to animals (the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to animal allergens) is much higher (40% after one and 53% after two years of exposure). Both atopic diathesis and pre-sensitization to laboratory animals increased the likelihood that a person would develop ALA. Neither factor predicted the disease accurately, therefore their use should be restricted to the identification of people who may be more susceptible to the development of ALA. (67737)

CIS 96-1887 Bloodborne infections - Occupational risks and prevention. (French: Infections transmissibles par le sang - Risques professionnels et prévention) International Social Security Association (ISSA), ISSA Health Services Section, Pappelallee 35-37, 22089 Hamburg, Germany, 1996. 505p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 92-843-0104-1 (In English, French, German)

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Proceedings of a symposium on the occupational risks of bloodborne infections held in Paris, France, 8-9 June 1995. Papers cover: review of bloodborne occupational infections; risk factors of exposure and consequences in terms of prevention; prevention strategies and procedures associated with patient care, the operating room, dentistry and oral surgery, home care, laboratories and other occupations; evaluation of safety devices; waste and waste disposal; influence of workload (occupational stress, work organization, risk management); disinfection; management of occupational exposure to HIV and hepatitis; legislation and compensation; training programmes; vaccinations; epidemiological aspects. (67529)

CIS 96-1888 Aquatic (marine and freshwater) biotoxins. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1984. 95p. approx. 250 ref. Price: CHF 10.00., ISBN 92-4-154097-4 (In English)

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This document deals with outbreaks of certain human diseases associated with exposure to compounds produced by algae; the main route of exposure is through the food chain. Effects are described in relation to: paralytic shellfish poisons; ciguatera toxins; tetrodotoxin (pufferfish poison); neurotoxic shellfish poisons; diarrhoeic shellfish poison; cyanophyte toxins. (67763)

CIS 96-1889 Brucellosis: Descriptive study of health risk factors and working conditions. (Spanish: Brucelosis: Estudio descriptivo sobre factores de riesgo laboral y condiciones de trabajo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 148p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-340-3 (In Spanish)

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Study of work-induced brucellosis in Spain. Contents: analysis of statistical data on brucellosis (1985-1989); socio-economic impact of the disease; aims of the study; study methods (study design, questionnaires used, geographical scope); analysis of results (analysis of notified cases, cases by profession and labour activity, cases of temporary incapacity, cases by season); clinical symptoms and laboratory tests; analysis by possible source of infection and animal hygiene implications; livestock installations; analysis of other factors (province, age, sex, washing facilities, hygienic habits, type of disease); conclusions (incidence in the labour force, classification of risk factors, registers); recommendations for prevention. In annex: list of abbreviations; list of illustrations and tables; questionnaire forms. (67673)

CIS 96-1890 I. Hepatitis A and waste water. Vaccination strategy in the workplace. II. Hepatitis and occupational exposure to waste water. Serological prevalence study. (French: I. Hépatite A et eaux usées. Stratégie vaccinale en milieu de travail. II. Hépatite A et exposition professionnelle aux eaux usées. Etude de séroprévalence) Forestié-Auter A.F., Abadia G., Levery G., Besnard C., Dubois F., Thévenas C., Tichet J., Henin D., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1996, No.65, p.7-11. 28 ref. (In French)

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Medical technical data sheet in two parts on the relationship between hepatitis A and waste water in France (vaccination strategies in occupational settings and seropositivity study). Because of the recent availability of a vaccine against hepatitis A, which is both effective and well tolerated, the relevance of vaccination in France and the strategy to be adopted in certain occupations, primarily those with an exposure to waste water, are under review. This prevalence survey supports the proposed vaccination strategy. (67462)

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CIS 96-1891 Physiological and psychological effects of illuminance in an office space. (Japanese: Shitsumu kūkan ni okeru sh-ōdo no seiri shinriteki eikyō) Sato M., Toma A., Nakayama K., Takahashi M., Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan, May 1996, Vol.80, No.5, p.23-30. Illus. 18 ref. (In Japanese)

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To evaluate the physiological and psychological effects of illuminance levels during the performance of monotonous tasks, subjects performed work on computer terminals in a simulated office space. The lighting levels were 200, 500, 1250 and 3125 lx. The variables measured were electroencephalogramme (EEG), finger photoelectric plethysmogramme (PTG), heart rate and score on the Kansei Gakuin Sleepiness Scale (KSS). The subjects were more alert and relaxed at 500 and 1250 lx than at higher or lower levels. (67756)

CIS 96-1892 Periarticular disorders of the upper limbs and work organization. Results of the national epidemiological study. (French: Affections périarticulaires des membres supérieurs et organisation du travail. Résultats de l'enquête épidémiologique nationale) Documents pour le médecin du travail, 1st Quarter 1996, No.65, p.13-31. 28 ref. (In French)

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This survey was carried out in France by several agencies including the ANACT (National Agency for the improvement of working conditions), the INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), the INRS (National Institute of Research and Safety) and the Inspectorate for Occupational Medicine in collaboration with medical inspectors from different regions and with 39 occupational physicians. It underlined the role of occupational factors and production organization in the incidence of upper limb disorders. Although the survey was not designed to study the role of body movement in detail, it nevertheless confirmed data from other studies in that respect. It also showed that risk factors differ according to pathologies concerned. Finally, its results help in the organization and adaptation of general preventive actions in various industries as well as in the identification of further research needs. (67463)

CIS 96-1893 Design of a control centre with special consideration of the age of employees. (German: Leitwartengestaltung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Altersstruktur) Fröhner K.D., Angermann K., Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, June 1993, Vol.47, No.2, p.79-84. Illus. 5 ref. (In German)

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The nautical centre in Hamburg, Germany, monitors and directs all traffic on the last section of the Elbe river emptying into Hamburg harbour. Analyses of workplace design revealed deficiencies in visual and acoustic perception and a failure to take into account the fact that the majority of the employees was over 50 years old. Outdated equipment and the room design created a working situation which did not meet the communicative and cooperative needs of the employees in terms of their own health and comfort or their ability to ensure safe water transport. The new equipment layout and workplace design, which support safe operations even in critical situations and thus diminishes strains on the employees, are presented. (67628)

CIS 96-1894 Fire fighters' physical and mental fatigue in 24-hour shift work. (Japanese: 24-Jikan kakujitsu kinmusha no hirō tokusei - shōbō taiin o taishō to shite) Saito M., Asano S., Nozawa K., Hiro to Kyuyo no Kagaku, 1 June 1992, Vol.7, No.1, p.63-74. Illus. 11 ref. (In Japanese)

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Heart rate, blood pressure at rest, handgrip force, vertical jumping, body flexibility, physical working capacity, perceived exertion during bicycle exercise and subjective symptoms of 14 firefighters (aged 29-48) were measured for 10 consecutive days during which the subjects alternated between 24h on duty and 24hr off. The only statistically significant change over this period was a slight decrease in the height to which subjects could jump. Perceived exertion increased over the observation period for subjects in their 40s and decreased for the younger ones. Subjective symptoms of physical, mental and sensory fatigue increased over the 10 days, i.e., the 24hr off-duty period was insufficient for recovery. The 24hr shift, which involves mainly sedentary work at night, seems to produce psychological discomfort but to have little physical effect. (67759)

CIS 96-1895 Human behaviour and workplace design for piano tuning in the industrial manufacturing of pianos. (German: Menschliches Verhalten versus technisches Gestalten beim Klavierstimmen in industrieller Produktion) Robmert W., Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, Mar. 1993, Vol.47, No.1, p. 34-43. Illus. 13 ref. (In German)

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Pain in the neck, right shoulder and left hand was more common among piano tuners than among controls. A myographic study led to recommendations for the improvement of the workplace design: the use of an arm support, a specially designed chair and tuning fork as well as a mechanical aid to relieve the left hand of the frequent impacts of hitting the keys. (67629)

CIS 96-1896 An evaluation of ergonomic improvements in the woodworking industry. Burdorf A., Van Duuren L., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Dec. 1993, Vol.37, No.6, p.615-622. 17 ref. (In English)

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The effect of machine characteristics on exposure to mechanical load was studied in 28 subjects working in five small factories and operating four-sided planing machines. Work postures and external load were analyzed with the Ovako working posture analysis system. Awkward postures, such as bent or twisted back (25%), twisted head (28%), etc., regularly occurred among the operators. The proportion of working time spent with lifting and carrying wooden boards and planks averaged 41%. Statistical analysis indicated that beneficial effects on postural load were achieved by various ergonomic improvements such as rising platforms and roller paths. Work time with external load was reduced by 10% as a result of the presence of rising platforms and tables. This type of analysis may contribute to the improvement of working conditions for operators of planing machines by reducing mechanical load on the body. (67728)

CIS 96-1897 Experimental study on the work load of continuous sign language interpretation. (Japanese: Renzoku shuwa tsūyaku sagyō no futan ni kansuru jikkenteki kenkyū) Kitahara T., Taoda K., Nishiyama K., Sangyō Eiseigaku Zasshi, 20 Mar. 1996, Vol.38, No.2, p.59-69. Illus. 29 ref. (In Japanese)

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The workload of sign-language interpretation was evaluated in an experimental session with 20 sign-language professionals. Five of the subjects (Group I) had no health problems, nine had mild symptoms of cervicobrachial syndrome (Group II) and six had moderate symptoms (Group III). During a 50min period of interpretation, two workload tests were conducted every five minutes. Subjective symptoms and electromyographic (EMG) data on the upper trapezius muscles were recorded. The speed of onset and the intensity of local discomfort increased in the order I-II-III. The only statistically significant EMG difference between the groups was a higher root-mean-square amplitude of the signals in Group III. (67758)

CIS 96-1898 Assessment of vibrotactile sensitivity in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Checkosky C.M., Bolanowski S.J., Cohen J.C., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 1996, Vol.38, No.6, p.593-601. 52 ref. (In English)

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Thresholds for detecting 1-, 10-, and 300-Hz vibratory stimuli were measured on the fingertips of 24 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and 20 healthy controls. No significant differences in threshold between the two groups were observed, indicating that threshold testing is not a suitable diagnostic tool for CTS. In addition, in seven patients who experienced pain associated with CTS during some testing sessions, no significant differences in threshold were found between the pain/no-pain sessions, indicating that the presence of pain related to CTS does not affect threshold. (67424)

CIS 96-1899 Shift work and subfecundity: A European multicenter study. Bisanti L., Olsen J., Basso O., Thonneau P., Karmaus W., European Study Group on Infertility and Subfecundity, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.352-358. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

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The suggested mechanism underlying various unfavourable pregnancy outcomes attributed to shift work is the interference with the circadian regulation of human metabolism and endocrine functions. A low but consistent excess risk of subfecundity (during a time of unprotected intercourse for a period of ≥9.4 months) was observed in both a representative sample of 6,630 women and a sample of 4,035 pregnant women. Only the exposure of women to shift work seemed to affect couples' fecundity. No association of menstrual disorders with shift work was identified. Other factors may partly account for the observed association. However, consistency between completely different study groups and centres is in favour of an association between shift work and prolonged waiting time to pregnancy. (67702)

CIS 96-1900 Recent trends in work-related cumulative trauma disorders of the upper extremities in the United States: An evaluation of possible reasons. Brogmus G.E., Sorok G.S., Webster B.S., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Apr. 1996, Vol.38, No.4, p.401-411. Illus. 58 ref. (In English)

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This study discusses the upward trends of cumulative trauma disorders of the upper extremities (CTDUEs) in US industry. Various aspects are examined and a possible explanation is offered: As people with the symptoms of CTDUEs have learned of the compensability of their disorders, they make claims. As more claims are made, more jurisdictions recognize these kinds of claims as work related and compensable. As more people with CTDUEs symptoms realize that they can be compensated, a peak phenomenon (followed by a levelling-off of reporting) may be recognized in the trend as it has previously been reported in Australia and in USA. Special consideration supporting this explanation is given to specific job classes. (67709)

CIS 96-1901 Trial of novel stress-reducing methods and procedures in a new aluminium foundry with innovative technology and organization. (German: Pilothafter Einsatz neuartiger belastungsmindernder Techniken und Verfahren im Rahmen der vollständigen technisch-organisatorischen Neugestaltung einer Aluminiumgiesserei) Müller P., Schmid R., Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, eds., Giesserei-Verlag GmbH, Breite Strasse 27, 40213 Düsseldorf, Germany, 1993. 77p. Illus. 3 ref., ISBN 3-87260-122-9 (In German)

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The German automotive company BMW moved its aluminum foundry to a new plant with the most modern equipment. The staff of 135 employees was organized in novel teams. Various team sizes and compositions were tested to operate the die-casting, rough dressing and coremaking departments. The experiences gained with the different types of teams are described. It was found important that workers have a say in the team composition and that the teams be not too large in size. An increase in productivity was not feasible without pecuniary incentive. Schemes for continued education in social and professional skills and for improvement of the flow of information are presented. (67625)

CIS 96-1902 Ergonomic design of service counters in supermarkets. (German: Gestalten von Bedienungstheken) Jahn J., Stubben W., Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1995. 152p.+annexes. Illus. 26 ref. Price: DEM 43.50., ISBN 3-89429-947-9 (In German)

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The work postures of personnel at service counters in use in supermarkets in Europe were determined through the study of videotapes and photographs. The dimensions of service counters were compared with anthropometric data. A questionnaire was applied to the personnel to determine job satisfaction and work-related problems. (67461)

CIS 96-1903 Wide awake at odd hours: Shift work, time zones and burning the midnight oil. Åkerstedt T., Swedish Council for Work Life Research, Box 1122, 1181 Stockholm, Sweden, 1996. 116p. Illus. 127 ref. Price: SEK 100.00., ISBN 91-88530-42-6 (In English)

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Survey on sleep-waking patterns, particularly of sleep disturbances and consequent risks of accidents due to irregular working hours, especially in connection with night or early morning work shifts. Jet-lag can induce similar alterations of sleep cycles. Jet-lag affects both flight crews and passengers and its symptoms disappear after a few days. Sleep processes are explained together with the phases of deep sleep and dream sleep (also known as REM, i.e. rapid eye movements). The requirements and quality of sleep and the effects of its loss are described, pointing out that napping is a very effective way of compensation. The role of circadian rhythm is emphasized: this is determined by a clock-like structure in the hypothalamus and it generates alertness and good functioning capacity, but poor sleep, during the daytime, while at night it provides good sleep, but poor functional capacity and low body temperature. Alertness increases at the peak of the rhythm (late afternoon: approximately 5 p.m.) and is reduced to its lowest point in the early morning (approximately 5 a.m.). Due to the corresponding increase in the level of tiredness, work between 4 and 7 a.m. should be avoided if possible. ILO Recommendations, Swedish laws, EU directives. Discussion of insomnia and other sleep troubles. (67490)

CIS 96-1904 Cumulative trauma disorders in the workplace - Bibliography. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, Sep. 1995. vi, 209p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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This publication provides a series of reprinted materials reporting on research conducted by NIOSH on cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) in the workplace. CTD is generally used as a term describing disorders of the upper limbs, among which the best known is carpal tunnel syndrome, caused by compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel of the wrist. Other reviews cover: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) proposed rules on ergonomic safety; a manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs; physical exercises for VDT operators; management and prevention of CTDs. An extensive annotated bibliography of NIOSH and selected non-NIOSH publications on the same themes is also included. (67552)

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CIS 96-1905 Study of stressful life events of workers in Japan. (Japanese: Nihon no sangyō rōdōsha no life events ni kansuru kenkyū) Tsuchiya Y., Uehata T., Sekiya E., Abe M., Ishihara S., Oikawa S., Chida T., Yamazaki Y., Sugisawa A., Sakano J., Hasegawa Y., Japanese Journal of Hygiene - Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 15 June 1994, Vol.49, No.2, p.578-587. 31 ref. (In Japanese)

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Questionnaire survey, with responses from 18,657 male and 4,443 female workers aged 20-59 years. Workplace events such as unsatisfactory transfers were not ranked as highly as such nonoccupational factors as family troubles or financial problems. (67754)

CIS 96-1906 Minor psychiatric morbidity, its prevalence and outcome in a cohort of civil servants - A seven-year follow-up study. Jenkins R., Harvey S., Butler T., Lloyd Thomas R., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.209-215. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

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Psychological assessment of a cohort of United Kingdom civil servants revealed a 32% prevalence of minor psychiatric morbidity (depression, anxiety), similar to that found seven years earlier in the same cohort, and similar to that found in other occupational studies. Half of the cases followed a chronic course, indicating the need for early detection and management of these conditions. Further research is needed to investigate why higher rates are found in occupational surveys than in community surveys of the general population. (67438)

CIS 96-1907 Employee injuries and convenience store robberies in selected metropolitan areas. Amandus H.E., et al., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.714-720. 9 ref. (In English)

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The number of robberies and robbery-related injuries to employees in convenience stores during 1992 or 1993 was estimated for selected U.S. metropolitan areas. Of a total of 1835 such incidents, 12 involved homicides of convenience store employees and 219 resulted in nonfatal injuries. The risk of homicide or injury to these employees was high in many areas. There is a need for more effective robbery prevention and injury control programmes in the convenience store industry. (67590)

CIS 96-1908 French Society of Occupational Medicine, Hygiene and Safety of Strasbourg - Meeting of 17 March 1995. (French: Société de médecine, d'hygiène et de sécurité du travail de Strasbourg - Séance du 17 mars 1995) Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.561-562. (In French)

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Paper on the psychological and occupational repercussions of bankrobberies, presented at the meeting of the French Society of Medicine, Hygiene and Safety of Strasbourg (France), 17 March 1995. Main contents: training of bank employees against attacks; circumstances of bank robberies; behaviour during robbery; post-trauma management; medical repercussions (in France, all aggressions against employees must be notified as occupational accidents). (67744)

CIS 96-1909 Contribution of psychotechnical tests to the evaluation of aptitude of mentally retarded adults employed in a protected work environment. (French: Apport des tests psychotechniques dans l'évaluation des capacités de sujets handicapés mentaux travaillant en centre d'aide par le travail) Fontana L., Chamoux A., Arnaudo V., Brunet F., Catilina M.J., Catilina P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.6, p.437-443. Illus. 15 ref. (In French)

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This study compared psychomotor ability between mentally retarded adults (or adults with psychological problems) working in a protected environment and adults employed in an unprotected occupational environment, and assessed the use of psychotechnical tests by occupational physicians for the selection of job orientation, for making decisions on the aptitude of mentally retarded adults and for proposing job adjustments. Concrete or performing comprehension as well as reaction time (RT) to simple and complex auditive and visual stimuli were studied in 115 retarded male adults and 407 non-retarded workers. The retarded subjects showed significantly lower results than controls. Overall results are interpreted. Individually, the usefulness of psychotechnical tests as a tool among others for the evaluation of the aptitudes of a retarded worker, as well as their limits in occupational medicine, are discussed. (67441)

CIS 96-1910 A study of the impact of occupational and domestic factors on insomnia among industrial workers of a manufacturing company in Japan. Tachibana H., Izumi T., Honda S., Horiguchi I., Manabe E., Takemoto T., Occupational Medicine, June 1996, Vol.46, No.3, p.221-227. 45 ref. (In English)

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In a survey of 271 male industrial workers in a medium-sized company in Japan, 75 workers (27.7%) complained of insomnia during the previous month; the prevalence increased with age. Only 11 workers reported current or past use of sleeping pills. The factors most significantly associated with insomnia were VDT work overload, limited bedroom space, over-involvement in job, and frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages. (67439)

CIS 96-1911 Drugs - Problems in assessing fitness for work. (German: Drogen - Probleme bei Einschätzung der Arbeitsfähigkeit) Kleinsorge H., Zober M.A., Arbeitsmedizin - Sozialmedizin - Umweltmedizin, Nov. 1994, Vol.29, No.11, p.486-489. Illus. (In German)

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Application of a questionnaire to 25 drug dependent employees in a German chemical company in the years 1992 and 1993 revealed that 40% of the cases had gone unnoticed for a long time. Absenteeism, together with a drop in performance, strange behaviour and strange looks revealed the remaining nine drug addicts. However, in these cases almost nine years passed between initial drug use until addiction became apparent. It is recommended that drug addicts not be allowed to return to the workplace until they have been successfully treated. This measure is considered necessary for safety reasons. Drugs take longer than alcohol to be eliminated from the human organism. (67450)

CIS 96-1912 Organizational analysis of hospital work: Identification of organizational constraints and their relationship with nurses' well-being. (Italian: Analisi organizzativa del lavoro ospedaliero: identificazione degli elementi di costrittività ed ipotesi sulle loro relazioni con il benessere degli infermieri) Rulli G., Cristofolini A., Bianco R., Garrino L., Maffei L., Mussano R., Maggi B., Medicina del lavoro, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.86, No.1, p.3-15. Illus. 16 ref. (In Italian)

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Report on a research project on hospital work, whose aim was to identify organizational constraints and their relationship with nurses' well-being. Via the application of the Organizational Congruence (OC) Method, developed by one of the authors, different Italian hospital work situations were analyzed in order to identify the possible risks and damage to nursing personnel due to their work. Such damage is not limited to that due to exposure to physical or biological agents, but includes also that due to psychophysical aspects of discomfort, caused by stressful conditions. Incomplete communication between nurses and other health personnel on patients' needs and their health status during work shifts has been identified as one of the main sources of work constraint. An improved organizational infrastructure and active participation of all health personnel is postulated as the best means to reduce stressful work conditions. (67553)

CIS 96-1913 The increased incidence on Mondays of work-related sprains and strains. Shepherd S.L., LaFleur B.J., Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1996, Vol.38, No.7, p.681-688. 7 ref. (In English)

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Data from claims for injuries occurring among civilian employees of the U.S. Department of the Navy between 1989 and 1994 were analyzed. The rate of Monday sprains and strains significantly exceeded the expected rate. Such claims were more likely to be made by claimants who were craftsmen and mechanics, who reported an injury to the back or trunk, who were supervisors, or who did not have college degrees. It was estimated that 22% of these claims were possibly fraudulent and that their cost during the six years studied was $38 million. (67585)

CIS 96-1914 Teamwork versus isolated work: Influence of work organization on human reliability. (German: Team- versus Einzelarbeit: Handlungssicherheit in Abhängigkeit von der Arbeitsform) Rau R., Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 2nd Quarter 1994, Vol.38, No.2, p.62-70. Illus. 25 ref. (In German)

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Pulse rate and blood pressure were measured in 50 volunteers who performed computer-simulated tasks in isolation or in a team. In addition, mental stress was assessed with a questionnaire. The tasks performed by the volunteers corresponded to their real work and were concerned with monitoring the distribution of electric power and with repairing faults in the power distribution system. All volunteers performed the tasks without mistakes, but pulse rate, blood pressure and the subjectively assessed mental stress were significantly higher for work performed in isolation. Although it did not lead to mistakes, work in isolation is seen as a risk factor which may reduce human reliability. Abstract in English. (67626)

CIS 96-1915 Smoking in the enterprise. (Spanish: El hábito tabáquico en la empresa) Cipriáin Chocarro C., Lázcoz Rojas J.L., Lezáun Eslava M., Pangua Cerrillo S., Prevención, Jan.-Mar. 1996, No.135, p.43-50. Illus. 18 ref. (In Spanish)

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Survey of smoking in a large Spanish enterprise (306 employees). A sample of 280 workers was investigated by a questionnaire survey (269 valid responses). Distribution by smoking habits (48% smokers, 16% ex-smokers, the rest non-smokers). Three major methods are recommended in order to avoid passive smoking by non-smokers: physical separation of the two categories of workers; complete prohibition of smoking in the workplace; installation of smoke extraction equipment and appropriate ventilation. (67680)

CIS 96-1916 Relationship between the total health test (Langner and Amiel) and enterprise organizational structure (Mintzberg) in the tertiary sector: Cross-sectional study conducted in the Lille region from April 1993 to March 1994. (French: Relation entre résultat au test de santé totale (de T. Langner et R. Amiel) et structure organisationnelle de l'entreprise (d'après H. Mintzberg) dans les activités tertiaires: enquête transversale réalisée dans la région lilloise du 1er avril 1993 au 31 mars 1994) Laurent P., et al., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.7, p.535-542. Illus. 7 ref. (In French)

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Mental health disorders seem to become more frequent in the workplace. In order to study their prevalence, a cross-sectional study was carried out among office workers in France involving the administration of the T. Langner and R. Amiel total health test and comparing their scores with those of workers from firms with different work organizational schemes. A 1025-worker random sample was examined by 19 occupational physicians and were asked to fill a questionnaire that examined: socio-administrative data; professional data: job type, hierarchical rank, length of service; mental health by "total health test". The importance of organizational structure type among the studied occupational factors is highlighted. (67741)

CIS 96-1917 Occupational stress and maladjustment. (Japanese: Shokuba no sutoresu to futekiōshō) Miyazaki K., Teishin Igaku, 10 May 1995, Vol.47, No.5, p.33-38. Illus. 9 ref. (In Japanese)

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High stress or chronic stress from work often cause maladjustment to work. In Japan, such occupational stress is considered to be more serious than other types because many workers regard the company as their prime concern. Occupational stress is classified into three categories: acute stress caused by a change of work, chronic stress due to long hours of work or an inappropriate assignment and stress caused by human relations. There are three symptoms of maladjustment at work: depression, neurosis and psychosomatic disorders. Although cases of depression largely outnumber the other two, cases of neurosis are increasing. Psychosomatic disorders are often followed by ulcers of the digestive tract. (67753)

CIS 96-1918 Understanding some of the more difficult research problems in maritime human factor research. Couper A.D., International Research Centre for Seafarers Safety and Occupational Health, Department of Maritime Studies and International Transport, University of Wales, Cardiff CF1 3TS, United Kingdom, Oct. 1996. [59p.]. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

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Study of ship-board cultures and lifestyles in order to understand the human errors that occur in seafaring and the accidents that occur because of them. Results of four particular studies are summarized: fatigue at sea; coronary heart disease (CHD) among seafarers; deaths and injuries from accidents on board merchant ships; problems caused by the multicultural nature of ship crews and from the attendant failures of verbal and non-verbal communication. Extensive statistical tables are presented. Background material: fatigue on merchant ships (research data, current methods for fatigue reduction, the changing ship environment, causes and measurement of fatigue, circadian rhythms, microsleep, high risk times, desirability of rest days, fatigue monitoring, further research topics, conclusions); quality of sleep; CHD (project design, aims: data collection, risk estimation, proposals for prevention); multicultural problems and verbal and non-verbal on-board, ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore communication (background on intercultural relationships, sources of friction, development of standard maritime vocabularies; objectives of a project examining the problem from various angles). (67501)

CIS 96-1919 Human error reduction and safety management. Petersen D., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA, and Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, United Kingdom, 3rd ed., 1996. xvii, 397p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price (in Europe): GBP 45.00., ISBN 0-442-02183-6 (In English)

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Contents of this manual: human error (definitions, error types and causes); system-caused human error and its reduction (management causes, culture causes, design causes); overload (overtime and shift work, reactions to overload, psychosocial factors, capacity of human subsystems, short- and long-term load, mental attitude, reducing overload-caused errors); decision to err (logical decision to err, proneness, perception of risk, reducing decision to err); roles (human error reduction concepts, line management roles, role of staff). In appendices: stress tests; cumulative trauma disorders; ergonomics; behavioural research; major incidents. (67614)

CIS 96-1920 Combating sexual harassment at work. (Spanish: La lucha contra el acoso sexual en el trabajo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 317p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 84-7425-420-5 (In Spanish)

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This is a translation of an issue of the ILO's Conditions of Work Digest (1992, Vol.11, No.1, CIS 92-2097) devoted to sexual harassment at work. It is organized as follows: part I analyzes sexual harassment in industrial countries in the light of recent developments; part II contains information on the action taken at international level on the prevention of sexual harassment; part III contains a summary of the national legal instruments that can be used to deal with sexual harassment at work; part IV includes relevant provisions of collective agreements, as well as policy statements, directives and/or guidelines issued by individual employers; part V presents the positions of workers' and employers' organizations, governments, and women's and other groups on sexual harassment at work, as well as the measures they recommend; and part VI summarizes the programmes that have been developed by various groups to raise awareness about sexual harassment at work and to promote action against it. (67675)

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