CIS 95-1921 Act on the prevention of occupational hazards [Spain]. (Spanish: Ley de prevención de riesgos profesionales [España]) Boletín Oficial del Estado, 10 Nov. 1995, No.269, p.32590-32611. Also available as an offprint (36p., ISBN 84-7425-428-0) from the Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo (INSHT), Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. (In Spanish)

Internet:
http://www.insht.es/InshtWeb/Contenidos/Normativa/TextosLegales/LeyPrevencion/PD…
   …Fs/leydeprevencionderiesgoslaborales.pdf

This law (effective 10 Feb. 1996) implements into Spanish legislation the provisions of Directive 89/391/EEC (CIS 89-1401) on the improvement of safety and health at work, as well as those of other related EEC directives (e.g. 92/85, 94/33 and 91/383). Contents: aims, scope (all work except for police and the armed services) and definitions; OSH policies - including designation of the INSHT as the chief institution for research into and promotion of OSH; role and organization of the Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social and of the Comisión Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo; rights and obligations of workers and employers in OHS-related matters (hazard evaluation; adoption of preventive measures; information and training; emergency organization; health surveillance; documentation; protection of specially vulnerable workers, mothers and minors; temporary work); OSH services (including the role of the Mutuas, i.e. Mutual Funds for Workmen's Compensation); safety delegates and committees; particular obligations of manufacturers, importers and suppliers; responsibilities and penalties. Decrees of 26.7.1957 (prohibition of hazardous work by women and minors) and 11.3.1971 (OSH committees) are abrogated, as are Sections I and III of the General Ordinance on OSH (CIS 76-1495). (65507)

CIS 95-1922 Law No. 1568 on Health and Safety at Work [Greece]. (Greek: Nomos up'arith. 1568/1985 - Ugieine kai asfaleia tōn ergazomenōn) In: Egheiridio nomothesias ugieinēs kai asfaleias tēs ergasias (ISBN 960-7389-04-2), Ellēniko Institouto Ugieinēs & Asfaleias tēs Ergasias, Patēsiōn 89, 104 34 Athēna, Greece, 1994, p.592-626 (Vol.A). Also in: Efēmeris tēs kubernēseōs, 18 Oct. 1985, No.177 A'. The English translation (11p.) is also microfiched by CIS. (In Greek)

This Law applies to all workplaces, except those in the explosives manufacturing, mining and quarrying, fishing and transportation industries and those involving work with ionizing radiation. Contents: OSH bodies in enterprises (OSH committees and safety delegates, their responsibilities and election); safety engineers and occupational physicians (obligation to employ; qualifications; responsibilities; surveillance of working conditions and workers' health; collaboration; further training); setting up of the Sumboulio Ugieinēs kai Asfaleias tēs Ergasias, or "Hygiene and Safety at Work Council" (HSWC) within the Supreme Labour Council of the Ministry of Labour, responsible for the preparation of expert opinions related to OSH legislation; setting up of prefectural OSH Committees; requirements for premises (design of work areas, emergency exits, maintenance, criteria for workplaces (ventilation, temperature, lighting)); machine safety requirements; protection of workers against physical, chemical and biological factors (obligations of employers and suppliers, prevention, medical surveillance, information of personnel); scope of presidential decrees that may be issued under this Law; obligations of undertakings to supply information regarding OSH matters to the government; general obligations of employers and workers regarding OSH; penalties. (65712)

CIS 95-1923 Protocol of 1995 to the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 [ILO]. (French: Protocole de 1995 relatif à la convention sur l'inspection du travail, 1947 [OIT]; Spanish: Protocolo de 1995 relativo al Convenio sobre la Inspección de Trabajo 1947 [OIT]) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1995. 4p. (In English, French, Spanish)

This Protocol of 1995 (adopted 22 June 1995) to the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 (see CIS 95-1924) extends the application of the provisions of the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947 to activities in the non-commercial services sector. Main contents: scope, definition and application (the term "activities in the non-commercial services sector" refers to activities in all categories of workplaces that are not considered as industrial or commercial for the purposes of the Convention); the Protocol applies to all workplaces that do not already fall within the scope of the Convention; special arrangements (possibility for a Member to make special arrangements for the inspection of specific workplaces, such as the armed services, the police and other public security services, etc.); final provisions (concerning ratification by Members; entry into force of Protocol; denouncement of Protocol). (65543)

CIS 95-1924 Convention No.81 concerning Labour Inspection in Industry and Commerce; Recommendation No.81 concerning Labour Inspection [ILO]. (French: Convention n°81 concernant l'inspection du travail dans l'industrie et le commerce; recommandation n°81 concernant l'inspection du travail [OIT]; Spanish: Convenio nº81 relativo a la Inspección de Trabajo en la industria y el comercio; Recomendación nº81 relativa a la Inspección de Trabajo [OIT]) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1947. 9+4p. (In English, French, Spanish)

Convention and Recommendation adopted at the 20th session of the International Labour Conference on 11 July 1947. The Convention is to be applied to all industrial workplaces, though mining and transportation undertakings may be exempted by national laws or regulations. It defines the functions of labour inspection systems, the qualification, independence, minimal numbers and powers of inspection staff, and the contents of annual reports to be submitted by central inspection authorities. Unless a Member State makes an explicit declaration to the contrary during the ratification process, the provisions of the Convention shall also apply to commercial workplaces. The Recommendation provides further details on: preventive duties of labour inspectorates; collaboration of employers and workers with regard to safety and health; annual reports on inspection. (65561)

CIS 95-1925 Decree of 5 Sep. 1994 - List of unhealthy industries in article 216 of the consolidated texts of health laws [Italy]. (Italian: Decreto 5 settembre 1994 - Elenco delle industrie insalubri di cui all'art. 216 del testo unico delle leggi sanitarie) Ministero della Sanità, Gazzetta ufficiale, 20 Sep. 1994, No.129, p.5-13. (In Italian)

Consolidated list of industries, processes and substances judged unhealthy or dangerous by Italian health legislation, with relevant phases of industrial activity provided. Classification: I (Class 1 industries) - A: chemical substances (116 in all); B: products and materials (115); C: industrial activities (28). II (Class 2 industries) - A: chemical substances (10); materials and products (54); C: industrial activities (17). (65563)

CIS 95-1926 Regulation on the use of personal protective equipment in the workplace [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift om bruk av personlig verneutstyr på arbeidsplassen) Norsk Lovtidend, 4 Oct. 1994, No.19, p.1511-1513. Also available as a separate booklet (11p.) from Arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep, 0032 Oslo, Norway. (In Norwegian)

This regulation was issued by Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet on 24 May 1993, with modifications on 31 Aug. 1994. It came into effect on 1 Jan. 1995. It implements in Norway the provisions of Directive 89/656/EEC (CIS 90-385). It makes the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) obligatory when the safety, health or welfare of a worker cannot be protected fully by technical equipment or by the modification of work methods or processes. The relevant obligations of employers are outlined (supply of PPE; hazard evaluation; storage, maintenance and testing; training and information of workers). Chapter VI of the 1987 Regulation concerning PPE (see CIS 88-1429, English translation CIS 90-385) is repealed. (65568)

CIS 95-1927 Instructions concerning industrial accidents and occupational diseases [Jordan]. (Arabic: Al-ta⁽līmāt al-tanfīthiyya li isābāt al-⁽amal wa al-amrād al-mihniyya) Al-Jarīda Al-Rasmīya, 1 Mar. 1994, No.3953, p.462-466. (In Arabic)

Instructions issued under the authority of the Social Security Act of 1978 (No.30). It defines "industrial accidents", prescribes reporting and other obligations after they occur, and provides for medical assistance for victims and financial compensation for disability resulting from an industrial accident or an occupational disease. (65569)

CIS 95-1928 Decree No.31/94 of 5 Aug.1994 concerning the occupational safety, hygiene and health system [Angola]. (Portuguese: Decreto n.° 31/94 de 5 de Agosto - Sistema de segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho) Diário da República, 5 Aug. 1994, No.31, p.390-399. (In Portuguese)

Contents of this Decree (effective on publication): concepts; objectives of the system of occupational safety, hygiene and health (OSHH) in Angola; obligations of the State and its primary and secondary organs; obligations of employers (enterprise duties, inter-enterprise collaboration, information and training of workers); obligations and rights of workers and their organizations; specialized research into OSHH matters; accident investigation; safety conditions and organization of safety services; requirements of workplaces (buildings, safety signs, work permits, lighting, electric safety); health protection (manual handling, personal protective equipment, medical supervision of workers, unhealthy and dangerous work); fiscal and statistical provisions; sanctions; creation of a National Safety and Health Council (Conselho Nacional de Prevenção); creation of committees for the prevention of occupational accidents in enterprises with >50 workers or particularly dangerous workplaces. All legislation "contrary to the provisions of this Decree" is repealed. (65645)

CIS 95-1929 Official Standard for the Use and Meaning of Colour Schemes for Safety Signs [Costa Rica]. (Spanish: Norma oficial para la utilización de colores de seguridad y su simbología [Costa Rica]) Consejo de Salud Ocupacional, San José, Costa Rica, 1990. 19p. Illus. Also in: La Gaceta, 16 July 1981. (In Spanish)

Official Standard with legal force, issued 15 June 1981. It covers the use of safety colours: red for danger, immediate cessation of activity and fire hazards; orange for alerting dangerous machine parts and electrical hazards; yellow for alert signs, moving equipment, obstructions, projections, stairs etc.; yellow with black borders for barriers, unprotected openings in the ground etc.; green for first-aid boxes, machine guards, cabinets for gas masks, safety showers, interrupt buttons; blue for lifts, tanks, boilers, electrical controls, valves, mobile scaffolds, ladders, compressors; violet for radioactive substances; white, gray or black for general-purpose signs. A different meaning will be assigned to colours associated with substances carried or contained in piping and containers. The UN scheme for marking the transport of dangerous merchandise is also adopted. (65648)

CIS 95-1930 Health and Safety - The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Publications Centre, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1995. 32p. Price: GBP 5.60., ISBN 0-11-053751-3 (In English)

These Regulations were made on 6 Dec. 1995, and are effective on 1 Apr. 1996. They replace the 1985 Regulations with the same title (S.I. 2023, see CIS 88-1753), as amended by S.I. 1989/1457. They require the notification of the enforcing authority (generally, the Health and Safety Executive) of fatalities and major injuries arising out of or in connection with work, as well as of dangerous occurrences and incapacities due to occupational accidents lasting more than three days. Cases of occupational disease and gas incidents are also to be reported. The keeping of records of events subject to notification is also required. In schedules: list of major injuries; dangerous occurrences (with particular schedules relating to offshore workplaces, mines, quarries, transport systems); reportable diseases (with activities they are related to); details to be noted in records; additional provisions related to mines, quarries and offshore workplaces. (65720)

CIS 95-1931 Directive on safety officers and working environment committees [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Verneombud og arbeidsmiljøutvalg) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, Oct. 1995. 13p. (In Norwegian)

Update of Norwegian regulations (1977 original: CIS 78-247, 1984 mod.: CIS 85-554) concerning safety officers and OSH committees, applying the appropriate legislation (CIS 78-296). Changes involve the definition of the scope of the Regulation: work activities in areas defined by the Laws on the working environment and the Regulation on the working environment in petroleum enterprises. Contents: election of safety officers; their term of office; their duties; the chief safety officer; election of the committee; case of several committees in one enterprise; the term of office and duties of the committee; procedure; professional secrecy; training of safety officers and committee members; other forms of collaboration between labour and management; special groups. (65803)

CIS 95-1932 Directive on personal protective equipment [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrifter - Personlig verneutstyr) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Fr. Nansens vei 14, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, 1995. 12p. Illus. (In Norwegian)

These regulations (for 1987 version, see CIS 88-1429; latest modification: Jan. 1995) cover: respiratory protective equipment; ear, head and eye protectors; protective equipment for hands and arms, legs and feet; safety belts. Contents: general requirements concerning protective equipment; type approval (by the Norwegian Directorate of Labour Inspection); marking and directions for use; responsibilities of employers; exemptions. Detailed commentaries are appended. (65806)

CIS 95-1933 Directive on workplaces and work locales [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Arbeidsplasser og arbeidslokaler) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Fr. Nansens vei 14, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, 1995. 23p. (In Norwegian)

These Regulations satisfy in Norway the minimum requirements of Directive 89/654/EEC (CIS 90-356). They are effective 1 June 1995, revoking the previous Regulation on the same subject dated 13 June 1980. Contents: general requirements of workplaces (lighting, microclimate, noise, access ways, danger zones, dimensions, daylight and windows, doors, ladders, ramps, floors, walls and roofs, emergency exits, first aid, etc.); requirements for personnel rooms (lockers, washrooms, toilets, eating facilities, etc.); outside workplaces (traffic, danger zones, visibility, stability, cofferdams and caissons, electricity distribution installations). Detailed commentary. (65807)

CIS 95-1934 Manual of occupational health and safety legislation [Greece]. (Greek: Egheiridio nomothesias ugieinēs kai asfaleias tēs ergasias) Ellēniko Institouto Ugieinēs & Asfaleias tēs Ergasias, Patēsiōn 89, 104 34 Athēna, Greece, 1994. 2 vols. (657+613p.). Illus. Index., ISBN 960-7389-04-2 (In Greek)

Compendium of Greek legislation covering occupational safety and health matters (102 laws, decrees etc. in all) in effect in 1994. (65711)

CIS 95-1935 General Regulation of the Disabilities Act [Ecuador]. (Spanish: Reglamento general de la Ley sobre discapacidades [Ecuador]) Registro Oficial del Ecuador, 4 Feb. 1994, 2nd Year, No.374, p.4-18. (In Spanish)

Regulation implementing the Disabilities Act (No.180 of 1992). Among its provisions, it includes the following ones relating to occupational matters: it empowers the Ministry of Health to set up programmes for the prevention of biological and environmental hazards and of accidents in the workplace, and to carry out epidemiological studies to discover risk factors for disabilities; it empowers the Ministry of Labour to set up programmes for the professional rehabilitation and training and the employment of persons with disabilities; it sets up CONADIS (Consejo Nacional de Discapacidades, National Council for Disabilities), and it establishes the structure and responsibilities of this organization; it establishes the modalities of the evaluation and registration of disabilities; it introduces modifications regarding disabilities into the 1986 Regulations concerning the safety and health of workers and the improvement of the working environment (CIS 89-1065). (65646)

CIS 95-1936 Directive on reproductive hazards in the working environment [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Forplantningsskader og arbeidsmiljø) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Fr. Nansens vei 14, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, Oct. 1995. 9p. (In Norwegian)

This Directive is issued in order to implement in Norway the minimal requirements of Directive 92/85/EEC (CIS 93-22). It applies to all physical, psychological and organizational factors that might affect adversely the foetus before delivery and babies through mother's milk. Provisions concern: hazard evaluation; implementation of preventive measures; responsibilities of employers to provide information; reassignment of workers at risk. Detailed commentary. (65808)

CIS 95-1937 Maternity Protection Act, 1994 [Ireland]. Government Publications Sales Office, Sun Alliance House, Molesworth Street, Dublin 2, Ireland, 1994. 21p. (In English)

This Law implements Council Directive 92/85/EEC (see CIS 93-22) into Irish legislation. Among its provisions are those enabling women to transfer to a job posing no danger to her, the foetus or her child, or - alternatively - to enable her to take leave from employment. (65649)

CIS 95-1938 Convention 175 and Recommendation 182 concerning part-time work [ILO]. (French: Convention 175 et Recommandation 182 concernant le travail à temps partiel [OIT]; Spanish: Convenio 175 y Recomendación 182 relativos al trabajo a tiempo parcial [OIT]) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1994. 5+4p. (In English, French, Spanish)

Main provisions of this convention on part-time work adopted in Geneva on 24 June 1994: definition of the part-time worker (an employed person whose normal hours of work are less than those of comparable full-time workers); scope; protection of part-time workers (right to organize, in respect of occupational safety, etc.); calculation of basic wage; statutory social security schemes; measures relating to maternity protection, to leave and holidays, etc.; measures to facilitate access to productive and freely chosen part-time work responding to the economic and social aims of employers and workers; measures to ensure that transfer from full-time to part-time work or vice versa is voluntary; ratification of the convention; obligations of Members having ratified the convention. The Recommendation amplifies the provisions of the Convention. It applies in conjunction with those of the Part-time Work Convention, 1994. (65541)

CIS 95-1939 Convention 176 and Recommendation 183 concerning safety and health in mines [ILO]. (French: Convention 176 et Recommandation 183 concernant la sécurité et la santé dans les mines [OIT]; Spanish: Convenio 176 y Recomendación 183 relativos a la seguridad y la salud en las minas [OIT]) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1995. 8+7p. (In English, French, Spanish)

Contents of Convention 175 concerning safety and health in mines, adopted the 22 June 1995: definitions; scope and means of application; preventive and protective measures at the mine (responsibilities of employers, rights and duties of workers and their representatives, cooperation); implementation; final provisions. Contents of Recommendation 183, adopted at the same time: general provisions; preventive and protective measures at the mine; rights and duties of workers and their representatives; cooperation; other provisions. (65542)

CIS 95-1940 Order of the President of the Superior Mining Council of 20 June 1994 regarding plans for the operation of mining establishments [Poland]. (Polish: Zarządzenie prezesa Wyższego Urzędu Górniczego z dnia 20 czerwca 1994 r. w sprawie planów ruchu zakładów górniczych) Monitor Polski, 20 July 1994, No.38, p.449-479. (In Polish)

Entry into force: 2 Sep. 1994. This order defines requirements to be met by underground and opencast mines, as well as by establishments that extract material by drilling, to ensure that adequate safety, health and environmental measures are included when such establishments plan their operations. Three annexes give specific requirements for each category of establishment, with sample reporting forms. (65591)

CIS 95-1941 Act No.93-1418 of 31 Dec. 1993, Decree No.94-1159 of 26 Dec. 1994 and Orders of 7 Mar. 1995. Coordination of risk prevention activities on building and civil engineering sites - Organizing site coordination - Training site coordinators [France]. (French: Loi n°93-1418 du 31 déc. 1993, décret n°94-1159 du 26 déc. 1994 et arrêtés du 7 mars 1995. Coordination de chantier de bâtiment et de génie civil - Organisation de la coordination - Formation du coordonnateur [France]) Ministère du Travail et de l'Emploi, Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1993-159-95, p.273-285. Also in: Journal officiel, 1 Jan. 1994, 29 Dec. 1994 and 7 Mar. 1995. (In French)

This document provides an overview of all the regulations adopted to date concerning safety organization on building sites and in civil engineering in France. 1. Act No.93-1418 of 31 Dec. 1993, amending the provisions of the Labour Code applicable to building and civil engineering operations, to protect the health and safety of workers; in particular, the Act provides for the integration of safety at the work design stage, the organization of site coordination and the application of health and safety legislation to self-employed workers. 2. Decree No.94-1159 of 26 Dec. 1994, on safety integration and the organization of coordination in the interest of health and safety, stating, inter alia, the conditions inherent in the role of coordinator. 3. Orders of 7 Mar. 1995: (1) fixing the content of the prior declaration to be made by coordinators working in certain construction and civil engineering operations; (2) on the training of coordinators and their training instructors, and the official approval of training organizations. (65788)

CIS 95-1942 Council Directive of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market; Amendments of 27 July 1993, 22 July 1994, 27 July 1994 and 21 December 1994 [European Communities]. (French: Directive du Conseil, du 15 juillet 1991, concernant la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques; modifications des 27 juillet 1993, 22 juillet 1994, 27 juillet 1994 et 21 décembre 1994 [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 19 Aug. 1991, Vol.34, No.L 230, p.1-32; 25 June 1992, No.L 170, p.40; 31 Aug. 1993, No.L 221, p.27-36; 29 July 1994, No.L 194, p.65-81; 1 Sep. 1994, No.L 227, p.31-55; 31 Dec. 1994, No.L 354, p.16-31. (In English, French)

Contents of the 1991 Directive (OD): definitions; general provisions on the authorization of the placing on the market of plant protection products (PPPs); granting, review and withdrawal of authorizations; inclusion of "[authorized] active substances" in Annex I; information on potentially harmful effects; applications for and mutual recognition of authorizations; exchange of information; data requirements and protection; packaging and labelling; control measures; administration; research and development. In Annexes II and III: requirements for information to be submitted with requests for authorizations of active substances and PPPs. Annexes IV and V introduce risk and safety phrases from Dir. 67/548/EEC (CIS 92-23). The item dated 25.6.1992 is a Corrigendum of the OD. Dir. 93/71/EEC modifies Annexes II and III of the OD concerning information to be submitted on authorizations and "Efficacy data". Dir. 94/37/EC modifies information requirements listed in Annexes II and III of the OD concerning identity, properties and further information on active substances and PPPs. Dir. 94/43/EC introduces Annex VI: Uniform principles for evaluation and authorization of PPPs. Dir. 94/79/EC modifies information requirements listed in Annexes II and III of the 1991 Directive concerning toxicological and metabolism studies on active substances and PPPs. (65562)

CIS 95-1943 Decree of 6 Sep. 1994 - Standards and techniques for the implementation of paragraphs 6.3 and 12.2 of the Act of 27 March 1992 (No.257) concerning the cessation of the utilization of asbestos [Italy]. (Italian: Decreto 6 settembre 1994 - Normative e metodologie tecniche di applicazione dell'art.6, comma 3, e dell'art.12, comma 2, della legge 27 marzo 1992, n.257, relativa alla cessazione dell'impiego dell'amianto) Ministero della Sanità, Gazzetta ufficiale, 20 Sep. 1994, No.129, p.15-60. Illus. (In Italian)

These Standards were introduced as a consequence of the Law of 27 March 1992 (No.257) relating to the cessation of the utilization of asbestos. They contain standards and techniques for: identification and characterization of asbestos in building structures; hazard evaluation; asbestos removal and encapsulation techniques; programme for the in situ inspection and control of asbestos-containing materials (surveillance, handling); safety measures during removal and encapsulation activities; criteria for the certification of locales as free of asbestos hazard; special rules for asbestos-cement roofs. In annex: quantitative determination of asbestos in mass samples; quantitative determination of asbestos fibres in indoor air; qualitative determination of asbestos fibres by chromatic dispersion light microscopy; criteria for the choice of respiratory protective equipment; forms for the recording of information on asbestos content in building materials. (65564)

CIS 95-1944 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response: Final rule [USA]. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 22 Aug. 1994, Vol.59, No.161, p.43268-43280. (In English)

This final rule (effective date: 21 Sep. 1994) adds technical amendments to Appendix B and a new non-mandatory Appendix E (Training Curriculum Guidelines) to the final rule on Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (CIS 89-1420) included in 29 CFR 1910 (full version last analyzed as CIS 90-9). The technical amendments concern the addition of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards on chemical protective clothing to the list of recommended protective equipment published in the original final rule. Appendix E contains recommendations for a training curriculum, including: general and core course criteria; programme quality control criteria; training curriculum guidelines (general operations and site-specific training; training for waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities; emergency response training). Parallel changes are also introduced into 29 CFR 1926 (Construction Safety and Health Standards). (65566)

CIS 95-1945 Official Standard concerning safety and health in the storage, transportation and handling of corrosive, irritant and toxic substances in workplaces [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana relativa a las condiciones de seguridad e higiene para el almacenamiento, transporte y manejo de sustancias corrosivas, irritantes y tóxicas en los centros de trabajo [México]) Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, Diario Oficial de la Federación, 13 June 1994, Vol.489, No.9, p.79-87. (In Spanish)

Standard issued in accordance with provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (CIS 83-2092). It contains: obligations of employers (appropriate preventive measures, substitution, reduction of use, modification in work processes and equipment, isolation, limitation of exposure, supply of personal protective equipment, training and information, supply of safety data sheets, maintenance of exposure registers, etc.); obligations of workers; provisions for safe storage and transportation; work in confined spaces. In annex: information note for the storage and handling of corrosive, irritant and toxic substances (definitions, labelling and other types of warning notices, data sheets); information for the granting of authorization for executing dangerous work involving exposure to corrosive, irritating or toxic substances in workplaces. Directive No.9 of 1983 (mod. 1989) (see CIS 94-1106) is revoked. (65644)

CIS 95-1946 Decree 1248-94 of 17 Aug. 1994: Regulation modifying the Regulations on the quality of the working environment [Canada - Quebec]. (French: Décret 1248-94, 17 août 1994 - Règlement modifiant le Règlement sur la qualité du milieu de travail [Canada - Québec]) Gazette officielle du Québec, 7 Sep. 1994, Vol.126, No.37, p.5453-5491. (In French)

This Regulation modifies the existing Quebec regulations concerning the quality of the working environment (see CIS 95-4). It makes minor changes in provisions dealing with exposure to carcinogens and isocyanates, personal protective equipment and sampling methods. In addition, it introduces a new Annex A containing the complete list of exposure limits for gases, dusts, fumes, vapours and mists in the working environment. This Annex contains definitions of TWA and short-term TLVs, excursion and ceiling limits, carcinogens, respirable fibres and simple asphyxiants. It contains a list of approx. 850 substances, together with their CAS number, TWA and short-term TLV and skin and carcinogenicity notation (if any). It also contains calculation methods for exposure to chemicals of workers with several workplaces, or exposed to several substances. There are also lists of substances that may not be recycled, or exposure to which must be kept to a minimum (carcinogens C1 and C2, isocyanates). (65647)

CIS 95-1947 Safety, Health and Welfare at Work (Chemical Agents) Regulations, 1994 [Ireland]. Government Publications Sales Office, Sun Alliance House, Molesworth Street, Dublin 2, Ireland, 1994. 8p. Price: IEP 1.60., ISBN 0-7076-0500-8 (In English)

Regulations issued under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act, 1989 (CIS 90-1751) in accordance with Council Directive 88/642/EEC (CIS 90-1430) and Commission Directive 91/322/EEC (CIS 92-1427). They came into effect on 25 Jan. 1995. Contents: duties of employers related to chemical safety; information, training and consultation. (65650)

CIS 95-1948 Administrative standards for atmospheric pollutants at the workplace - 1995 [Norway]. (Norwegian: Veiledning - Administrative normer for forurensning i arbeidsatmosfære - 1995) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, 9th ed., 1995. 23p. 12 ref. (In Norwegian)

List of threshold limit values for some 750 substances (CAS number, exposure limits in ppm and mg/m³, special codes). Dusts and mineral fibres are included in the list. The introduction contains information on the significance of an exposure limit, use of the list, the units of measurement, mean values, ceiling values and combination effects. Special letter codes are used for particular effects: H - Skin absorption; K - Carcinogens; M - Mutagens; R - Reproductive effects; A - Allergens. In annex: modifications and additions involving 20 substances proposed for the next publication of the list. Previous edition abstracted by CIS: CIS 90-1077. (65801)

CIS 95-1949 Commission Directive of 15.6.1994 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 79/196/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres employing certain types of protection [European Communities]. (French: Directive de la Commission du 15.6.94 portant adaptation ... de la dir. 79/196/CEE du Conseil concernant le rapprochement des législations ... relatives au matériel électrique utilisable en atmosphère explosible mettant en œuvre certains modes de protection [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 24 June 1994, Vol.37, No.L 157, p.33-35. (In English, French)

This Directive replaces Annex I of Directive 79/196/EEC (CIS 90-1774). It provides a list of 13 harmonized European (EN) standards (with their amendments) to which electric equipment must conform if they are to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. (65567)

CIS 95-1950 Council Directive of 5 April 1993 on the harmonization of the provisions relating to the placing on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses [European Communities]. (French: Directive du Conseil, du 5 avril 1993, relative à l'harmonisation des dispositions concernant la mise sur le marché et le contrôle des explosifs à usage civil [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 15 May 1993, Vol.36, No.L 121, p.20-36. (In English, French)

Main contents of this directive on the harmonization of the provisions relating to the placing on the market and supervision of explosives for civil uses: general provisions; harmonization of laws relating to explosives; provisions governing the supervision of transfers within the European Community; other provisions; final provisions (penalties to be applied for infringement of the provisions, measures enabling the seizure of any product which could be illicitly acquired, used or dealt with). Annexes: essential safety requirements (special requirements of blasting explosives, detonating cords, safety fuses, igniter cords, shock tubes, detonators and relays, propellants and rocket propellants); EC type-examination, conformity to type, production quality assurance, product quality assurance, product verification, unit verification; minimum criteria to be taken into account by Member States for the notification of bodies; conformity marking. (65571)

CIS 95-1951 Hearing Conservation and Noise Control Regulation [Canada - Manitoba]. (French: Règlement sur la protection de l'ouïe et la lutte contre le bruit [Canada - Manitoba]) Manitoba Gazette - Gazette du Manitoba, 17 Dec. 1994, Vol.123, No.50, Part II, p.1503-1527. (In English, French)

This Regulation was issued under the Workplace Safety and Health Act (CIS 87-1130), and it replaces Regulation 103/88. Contents: definitions and interpretation; assessment of workers' exposure to noise and action levels required of employers (with specific measures for exposure <80dB(A), 80-85dB(A), 85-90dB(A) and >90dB(A)); hearing surveillance programmes; disclosure of information; preservation of records on workers' health and on workplace sound records; licensing of industrial audiometric technicians. (65565)

CIS 95-1952 Official Standard concerning occupational exposure to high and low temperatures at the workplace [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana relativa a la exposición laboral de las condiciones térmicas elevadas o abatidas en los centros de trabajo [México]) Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, Diario Oficial de la Federación, 30 May 1994, Vol.488, No.20, p.54-73. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Spanish)

Standard issued in accordance with provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (CIS 83-2092). It contains general provisions, as well as provisions relating to: temperature measurement methods; hazard recognition, evaluation and control; limits of exposure to high ambient temperatures, in function of the nature of the work and the length of the rest periods provided; estimates of energy metabolism for a 70kg man, depending on the nature of the work (without periods of rest). In annex: information note used to determine the acceptability of work under high-temperature conditions; determination of high-temperature conditions, based on wet-bulb temperature measurements. Directive No.15 of 1991 (CIS 94-1118) is repealed. (65641)

CIS 95-1953 Directive on noise at the workplace - Regulation with commentary [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Støy på arbeidsplassen: Forskrifter med kommentarer) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, Sep. 1993. 20p. Illus. (In Norwegian)

These regulations (effective on 1 Jan. 1994, the date on which the Treaty on entering the European Economic Area came into force) satisfying the requirements of Directive 86/188/EEC (see CIS 87-45) replace the 1982 regulations on noise (CIS 85-658). They lay down 8-hour noise exposure limits for 3 categories of work: work requiring a large amount of mental concentration (maximum permissible level 55dB(A)), work requiring verbal communication or great accuracy and attention (70dB(A)) and work involving noisy equipment (85dB(A)); the recommended limits are 10dB lower. Workers exposed to equivalent continuous noise levels > 85dB(A) or peak noise levels > 130dB(C) should wear hearing protectors. Technical equipment is to be chosen and installed with a view to limiting the noise emitted by it. If there is reason to assume that the noise level exceeds the recommended limits, the employer should have the noise level measured and take measures to reduce exposure. All workers exposed to equivalent continuous noise levels > 80dB(A) or peak noise levels > 130dB(C) should undergo annual audiometric tests. Detailed commentaries. (65804)

CIS 95-1954 Official Standard concerning protection systems and safety equipment for machinery, equipment and accessories at workplaces [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana relativa a los sistemas de protección y dispositivos de seguridad en la maquinaria, equipos y accesorios en los centros de trabajo [México]) Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, Diario Oficial de la Federación, 13 June 1994, Vol.489, No.9, p.72-76. (In Spanish)

Standard issued in accordance with provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (CIS 83-2092). It covers: obligation of employers and employees; safety devices for protection against the hazards of moving machinery and mechanical transmission systems; safety devices at operational locations; special provisions for lifting equipment, goods lifts, tractors and self-propelling industrial trucks; electrically earthed equipment; power cut-off systems. Directive No.4 of 1991 (CIS 94-1121) is repealed. (65642)

CIS 95-1955 Official Standard concerning safety and health rules during the installation and operation of in-plant railways [Mexico]. (Spanish: Norma Oficial Mexicana relativa a las condiciones de seguridad e higiene para la instalación y operación de ferrocarriles en los centros de trabajo [México]) Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, Diario Oficial de la Federación, 13 June 1994, Vol.489, No.9, p.76-79. (In Spanish)

Standard issued in accordance with provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (CIS 83-2092). It covers: obligations of employers and workers; provisions relating to the installation and operation of in-plant railways. Directive No.7 of 1983 (modified 1989) (see CIS 94-1123) is repealed. (65643)

CIS 95-1956 Directive on avalanche hazards to accommodation and construction sites [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Snøskredfare ved oppholds- og anleggssteder) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, 1995. 3p. (In Norwegian)

This Directive was originally issued in June 1974 (see CIS 75-226), with a modified introduction in 1983 and paragraph 9 added in Nov. 1995 (agricultural activities excluded). Contents: When planning construction sites potentially exposed to avalanches, an expert should be consulted about the precautions necessary. An expert should also be consulted if, after work has been started, the avalanche danger is found to be different from the initial evaluation, and in the event of accidents due to avalanches. The rules also deal with the organization of a rescue team and the provision of adequate rescue and first aid equipment. If 2 or more employers are engaged on a construction site, they should collaborate in the observance of these safety requirements. (65802)

CIS 95-1957 Directive on technical appliances - Regulations with guidance notes and commentary [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrifter - Tekniske innretninger: Forskrifter med veiledning og kommentarer) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Postboks 8103 Dep., Oslo, Norway, 1994. 52p. Illus. (In Norwegian)

This regulation (effective: 1 Nov. 1982, last modified: Dec. 1994) applies to machines, containers, transport equipment, appliances and tools used in industry. For the original regulation, see CIS 84-1208. Contents: scope and definitions; design, manufacture and equipment (reliability, configuration, stability, built-in safety, ergonomic factors, control elements, speed of work, automatic monitoring equipment, signalling devices, emergency stop devices, brakes, work in danger zones, electrical safety, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, access to the workplace); installation and anchoring; assembly, maintenance and repair; nameplates and operating instructions; testing, approval and inspection; provisions in the 1977 regulations which are still in effect (lighting, harmful substances, radiation, fire safety, explosion prevention); examples of ergonomic design of machinery and machine guards. An English translation of the 1982 regulations (12p.) was published by the Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet (Bestillingsnr. 426). (65805)

CIS 95-1958 Directive on the approval of tractors in accordance with European Economic Area rules [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - EØS-godkjenning av traktorer) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Fr. Nansens vei 14, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, Mar. 1995. 4p. (In Norwegian)

This Directive (entry into force: 1 Dec. 1994) completes the provisions of the 1977 Norwegian directive on tractor safety (see CIS 79-197) by making appropriate references to various EEC directives on the same subject. Technical specifications are introduced this way for: driver's cabin, driver's seat, passenger seat, protection against overturning, noise, power take-off. (65809)

CIS 95-1959 Directive on driver safety on old tractors [Norway]. (Norwegian: Forskrift - Førervern på gamle traktorer) Direktoratet for arbeidstilsynet, Fr. Nansens vei 14, Postboks 8103 Dep., 0032 Oslo, Norway, Nov. 1994. 11p. (In Norwegian)

This Directive (published in the Norsk Lovtidend on 4 Oct. 1994, entry into force: 4 Oct. 1996) specifies the safety provisions to be applied to the operation of old tractors (delivered before 1 Sep. 1964 or imported before 1 Jan. 1967). Detailed commentary. (65810)

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CIS 95-1960 Citric acid, monohydrate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Exposure limits not established. (65661)

CIS 95-1961 Demeton-s-methyl. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Tradename: metasystox 55. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; eye irritation; neurotoxic effects. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.5mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1989-1990); PDK: 0.1mg/m³ P (USSR). (65662)

CIS 95-1962 Chloroacetaldehyde (40% solution). Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; loss of visual function; pulmonary oedema. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 1ppm, 3.2mg/m³ (ceiling) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65663)

CIS 95-1963 Oxalic acid dihydrate. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; corrosive on ingestion; chemical burns; pulmonary oedema; exposure at high concentration may provoke convulsions and renal damage. Long-term exposure effects: urinary lithiasis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 1mg/m³ (ACGIH 1989). (65664)

CIS 95-1964 Fonofos. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); inhibition of blood cholinesterase. Long-term exposure effects: depression of blood cholinesterase; cumulative effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.1mg/m³ (TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65665)

CIS 95-1965 Hydroxylamine, hydrochloride. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; may affect the blood: methaemoglobinaemia (cyanosis, brain damage and renal insufficiency). (65666)

CIS 95-1966 Lithium chloride. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin irritation; corrosive effects on the eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); may affect the renal function; may cause birth defects. Exposure limits not established. (65667)

CIS 95-1967 Decaborane. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.05ppm, 0.25mg/m³ (TWA); 0.15ppm, 0.75mg/m³ (STEL) (skin) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65668)

CIS 95-1968 Diisobutyl ketone. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Synonym: 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 25ppm, 145mg/m³ (TWA) (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65669)

CIS 95-1969 1-Chloro-3,4-dinitrobenzene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English)

International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: may affect blood chemistry: methaemoglobinaemia. Exposure limits not established. (65670)

CIS 95-1970 Oxalic acid (dihydrate). (Spanish: Acido oxálico (dihidratado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0707. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; corrosive on ingestion; chemical burns; pulmonary oedema; exposure at high concentration may provoke convulsions and renal damage. Long-term exposure effects: urinary lithiasis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 1mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65671)

CIS 95-1971 2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene. (Spanish: 2,4,4-Trimetilpent-2-eno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0737. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; skin irritation; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Exposure limits not established. (65672)

CIS 95-1972 Dinoseb acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de dinoseb) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0882. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Exposure to high concentrations may lead to death. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the human reproductive system. Exposure limits not established. (65673)

CIS 95-1973 Acetylsalicylic acid. (Spanish: Acido o-acetilsalicílico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0822. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the function of the liver, kidneys, bladder, gastro-intestinal tract, cardiovascular system and central nervous system; may provoke allergic and asthmatic reactions; may affect the human reproductive system. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 5mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 0.5mg/m³ (USSR 1988). (65674)

CIS 95-1974 Propionic acid. (Spanish: Acido propiónico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0806. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: corrosive effects on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 10ppm, 30mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65675)

CIS 95-1975 Chlorine trifluoride (liquefied). (Spanish: Trifluoruro de cloro (licuado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0656. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema (may be delayed); frostbite; chemical burns. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.1ppm, 0.38mg/m³ (ceiling) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65676)

CIS 95-1976 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de 2-etoxietilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0364. Synonym: cellosolve acetate. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); may affect the blood. Long-term exposure effects: liquid defats the skin; may affect the liver and kidney; may impair male fertility; may cause retarded development of the new-born. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 5ppm, 27mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65677)

CIS 95-1977 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate. (Spanish: Acrilato de 2-etilhexilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0478. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema (may be delayed). Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization. Occupational exposure limit: PDK: 1mg/m³ (USSR 1988). (65678)

CIS 95-1978 Isobutyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de isobutilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0494. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: liquid defats the skin. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 150ppm, 713mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65679)

CIS 95-1979 Lactic acid. (Spanish: Acido DL láctico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0501. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; corrosive on ingestion; pulmonary oedema; chemical burns. Exposure limits not established. (65680)

CIS 95-1980 2-Methoxyethyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de 2-metoxietilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0476. Synonym: methyl cellosolve acetate. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: liquid defats the skin; may affect the liver, kidney, blood and reproductive system. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 5ppm, 24mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65681)

CIS 95-1981 Methyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de metilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0507. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; neurotoxic effects; damage to the optical nerve. Long-term exposure effects: liquid defats the skin. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 200ppm, 610mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65682)

CIS 95-1982 Picric acid. (Spanish: Acido pícrico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 6-0316. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin. Long-term exposure effects: may cause birth malformations. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.1ppm (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65683)

CIS 95-1983 3,5,5-Trimethylhexanol. (Spanish: 3,5,5-Trimetilhexan-1-ol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0608. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the liver and kidneys; may cause birth malformations. (65684)

CIS 95-1984 Urea. (Spanish: Urea) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0595. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: eye irritation. Exposure limits not established. (65685)

CIS 95-1985 Vinyltoluene (mixed isomers). (Spanish: Viniltolueno (mezcla de isómeros)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0514. Synonym: ethenylmethylbenzene. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the liver. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 50ppm, 242mg/m³ (TWA); 100ppm, 483mg/m³ (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65686)

CIS 95-1986 Butyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de n-butilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0399. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: liquid defats the skin. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 150ppm, 713mg/m³ (TWA); STEL: 200ppm, 950mg/m³ (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65687)

CIS 95-1987 Isopropyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de isopropilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0907. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; chemical pneumonitis. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 250ppm, 1040mg/m³ (ACGIH 1990-1991); STEL: 310ppm, 1290mg/m³ (ACGIH 1991-1992). (65688)

CIS 95-1988 Adipic acid. (Spanish: Acido adípico) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0369. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; irritation of the skin and respiratory tract; asthmatic reactions. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; skin sensitization; asthma. (65689)

CIS 95-1989 Thioacetic acid. (Spanish: Acido tioacético) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0679. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the kidneys. (65690)

CIS 95-1990 2-Hydroxypropyl acrylate. (Spanish: Acrilato de 2-hidroxipropilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish)

Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0899. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; skin sensitization. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.5ppm, 2.8mg/m³ (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65691)

CIS 95-1991 Ferrovanadium powder. (Spanish: Polvo de ferrovanadio) Noticias de seguridad, June 1995, Vol.57, No.6. 3p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; may cause chronic bronchitis and lung disorders. (65692)

CIS 95-1992 Nitropropane. (Spanish: 1-Nitropropano) Noticias de seguridad, May 1995, Vol.57, No.5. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; may cause hepatic damage. (65693)

CIS 95-1993 Ethylene dichloride. (Spanish: Dicloruro de etileno) Noticias de seguridad, May 1995, Vol.57, No.5. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Synonym: ethylene dichloride. Health hazards: irritation of the respiratory tract; may cause lung diseases (pulmonary oedema, pneumonia), renal and hepatic damage and neurotoxicity. (65694)

CIS 95-1994 Allyl chloride. (Spanish: Cloruro de alilo) Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 1995, Vol.57, No.4. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; lung diseases; renal and hepatic damage. (65695)

CIS 95-1995 Dichlorvos. (Spanish: Diclorvos) Noticias de seguridad, Apr. 1995, Vol.57, No.4. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: skin absorption; delayed effects; blood cholinesterase inhibition; respiratory and ocular disorders; musculoskeletal disorders; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; arrhythmia. (65696)

CIS 95-1996 Chloroacetaldehyde. (Spanish: Cloroacetaldehído) Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 1995, Vol.57, No.3. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: strong irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; corrosive effect and chemical burns; eye injuries; skin and respiratory sensitization. (65697)

CIS 95-1997 Diisobutyl ketone. (Spanish: Diisobutil cetona) Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 1995, Vol.57, No.3. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Synonym: 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects; dermatitis; skin sensitization. (65698)

CIS 95-1998 Hydroquinone. (Spanish: Hidroquinona) Noticias de seguridad, Feb. 1995, Vol.57, No.2. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes and skin; haematotoxic effects; methaemoglobinaemia; cyanosis; neurotoxic effects; eye injuries. (65699)

CIS 95-1999 Sodium fluoroacetate. (Spanish: Fluoroacetato sódico) Noticias de seguridad, Feb. 1995, Vol.57, No.2. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; neurotoxic effects; arrhythmia; convulsions; may affect the lungs and kidneys. (65700)

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CIS 95-2000 The supervisor and his techniques for the investigation of accidents. (Spanish: El supervisor y sus técnicas de investigación de accidentes) Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2nd ed., 1992. 15p. Illus. (In Spanish)

This training guide, aimed at supervisors, uses tables and check-lists to explain how to conduct an investigation following a workplace accident. Principal points covered: safety responsibilities of supervisors; main actions to undertake during the investigation; accident factors (causes, unsafe actions and conditions, accident types); principal types of accidents; model accident report form. (65516)

CIS 95-2001 Occupational health: Anthology - Manual for students of Academic and Technical Levels III and IV. (Spanish: Salud ocupacional - Antología: Texto de consulta para los estudiantes del III y IV nivel académico y técnico) Pinto Molina A.A., Ministerio de Educación Pública, ed., Consejo de Salud Ocupacional, San José, Costa Rica, 1993. 92p. Illus. 31 ref. (In Spanish)

Introduction to occupational safety and health, aimed at college and university students. Contents: the health-work relationship and the working environment; physical hazards (noise, lighting, heat, cold); chemical hazards; physical and mental workload; other occupational factors (hand tools, order and cleanliness, machine guarding, materials storage); electrical hazards; legislative requirements in Costa Rica and relevant international conventions ratified by Costa Rica; OSH institutions in Costa Rica; glossary of terms used. (65523)

CIS 95-2002 Manual of occupational health and safety. (Portuguese: Manual de higiene e segurança do trabalho) Miguel A.S.S.R., Porto Editora Lda., Rua da Restauração 365, 4099 Porto Codex, Portugal, 3rd ed., 1995. 512p. Illus. 174 ref., ISBN 972-0-45100-9 (In Portuguese)

Advanced-level textbook on OSH (for previous edition, see CIS 90-1144). Contents: ethical, social, legal and economic aspects of occupational safety; detailed discussion of the legal situation in Portugal; risk analysis; administration and organization of risk prevention in Portugal; personal protective equipment; fire prevention and protection; electric hazards; handling and storage; chemical substances (including a discussion of exposure limits); noise; vibration; the thermal environment; ionizing and non-ionizing radiation; lighting; organization and layout of workplaces. In annex: safety symbols; list of principal EC directives, with corresponding national legislation. (65528)

CIS 95-2003 Successful health and safety management. (Spanish: Exito en la gestión de la salud y la seguridad) Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna, 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. vi, 72p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 84-7425-407-8 (In Spanish)

This document is the translation of a manual prepared in 1991 by HSE's Accident Prevention Advisory Unit as a practical guide for directors, managers and health and safety professionals intent on improving health and safety performance (see CIS 92-69). It describes the principles and practices of good health and safety management. Chapter 1 provides an overview of key issues which need to be considered and which are developed in succeeding chapters. These include: effective health and safety policies; organizing for health and safety; planning for health and safety; measuring performance; auditing and reviewing performance. (65530)

CIS 95-2004 Learning about health at school. (Italian: A scuola di salute) Bruscagli A., Dolfi G., Garzi S., Scala D., Centro regionale di documentazione per la prevenzione ambientale e del lavoro (CEDOC), eds., Regione Toscana Giunta Regionale, Via dei Servi 51, 50122 Firenze, Italy, May 1994. 55p. Illus. (In Italian)

Monograph on the role of the school system in teaching the basics of occupational safety and health to future citizens. Examples are given of actual teaching projects in Italian schools. (65553)

CIS 95-2005 Films and videotapes on occupational and traffic safety. (German: Filme und Videos für die Arbeits- und Verkehrssicherheit der Berufsgenossenschaften) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, 1995. 268p. Indexes., ISBN 3-88383-386-X (In German)

Annotated catalogue of approximately 320 films and videocassettes available from the German Berufsgenossenschaften on health and safety at work and traffic safety. Films are classified by Association and two indexes, one alphabetic and the other thematic, facilitate the location of materials. For each item, the following information is provided: abstract, intended audience, length and year of production. (65708)

CIS 95-2006 Labour inspection systems and labour inspectors [sic] training policies. (French: Systèmes d'inspection du travail et politiques de formation des inspecteurs du travail; Spanish: Sistemas de inspección del trabajo y políticas de formación de los inspectores de trabajo) Derrien J.M., Xirau D., Cano A., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. 51p. Illus., ISBN 92-2-108728-X (Eng), ISBN 92-2-208728-3 (fr), ISBN 92-2-308728-7 (esp) (In English, French, Spanish)

Worldwide survey of labour inspection and labour inspection training systems, based on the answers to a questionnaire survey conducted in preparation for an international seminar on the training of labour inspectors, held in Lyon (France), 12-15 Oct. 1992. Three types of labour inspectorates are distinguished: generalist, specialized and multidisciplinary. The main theme of the section devoted to the training of labour inspectors is that of "change", i.e. integrating training in a coherent management of change. (65718)

CIS 95-2007 Near misses. U.S. Safety Academy, Training Media Group, 3a Station Parade, Ealing Road, Northolt, Middlesex US5 5HR, United Kingdom. Videotape (length: 7min.) Price: GBP 295.00. ### (In English)

US-made videotape on near-miss incidents and how analysis of such incidents can lead to greater safety awareness. A review of this videotape was published in: Health and Safety at Work, May 1995, p.35. (65869)

CIS 95-2008 Safety management review training material for the Lead Local Authority Scheme. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, [no date]. iii, 110p. Illus. Price: GBP 9.50., ISBN 0-7176-0964-2 (In English)

This document contains the core material prepared by the Health and Safety Executive for a series of training courses on safety management review. Topics covered include: definition of safety management review; the need for health and safety management; overview of successful health and safety management (policies, organizing, planning, measuring); principles of health and safety auditing; planning and conducting a safety management review; follow-up. A number of exercises are included with suggested answers, and a timetable for the course is proposed. (65606)

CIS 95-2009 Continuous training - 1995 Programme. (French: Formation continue - Programme de l'année 1995) Institut de Santé et de Sécurité au Travail (ISST), Rue Mustapha Khaznadar, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia, 1995. 23p. Illus. (In French)

This brochure lists all training programmes organized in 1995 by the ISST (Tunisian OSH Institute) namely: training coordinated by more than one plant; continuing education organized in conjunction with CEGEPs (secondary level education institutions in Quebec - Canada) (information, education, communication); safety at work; health at work; continuing education organized in cooperation with other institutions; prevention programmes organized on "Tuesdays" (safety at work; information, education, communication, health at work); worker education (safety at work, health at work); ISST seminars on occupational health. Registration forms. For each category of courses, the following information is provided: title of the programme, topic, target public, date, duration, venue, name of contact person and in some cases, registration costs. (65789)

CIS 95-2010 Occupational health in national development. Jeyaratnam J., Chia K.S., eds., World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., P.O. Box 128 Farrer Road, Singapore 9128, 1994. xii, 476p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 981-02-1465-0 (In English)

This manual on occupational health is aimed particularly at trainees in developing countries. Part 1 covers occupational health issues (pesticide poisoning and development of safe pesticides; needs of farmers, small scale industries, health professionals, women workers and office workers; stress management; executive health screening; health promotion; risk of injury and disease among health professionals; chemical risk assessment; transfer of hazardous industries; occupational cancers; role of legislation). Part 2 covers the development of national health plans for the working population (occupational health services; identifying and evaluating occupational health needs; examples of occupational health services in some developed countries; role of the World Health Organization). (65655)

CIS 95-2011 Maritime regulations. (Spanish: Reglamentación marítima) Olivares Puente F., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2nd ed., 1992. 12p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Survey of Chilean safety regulations applying to fishing vessels: role of the Maritime Authority; jurisdictional waters; despatch and reception of boats; the fishing crew; work aboard fishing vessels; obligations of the crew. (65513)

CIS 95-2012 Hazards aboard fishing vessels. (Spanish: Riesgos a bordo del barco pesquero) Olivares Puente F., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2nd ed., 1992. 12p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Training guide to safety aboard fishing vessels. Contents: hazards during embarkation and disembarkation; hazards during mooring manoeuvres; hazards during deck manoeuvres; hazards at sea. Glossary. (65514)

CIS 95-2013 Farm health and safety. Federated Farmers of New Zealand, Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1995. 1 vol. [170]p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Five-part training manual on safety and health in agricultural work. Section 1 covers issues related to the relevant provisions of the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 (see CIS 93-701), including responsibilities towards visitors to farms and the safety and health of self-employed farmers. Section 2 contains 18 advice sheets on a wide variety of hazards present on farms (including: compliance with the law, machinery, transportation and materials handling, farm forestry, electricity, fires and explosions, maintenance work, protective clothing and equipment, child safety, avoiding health problems, livestock, pesticides and other chemicals, noise, atmospheric pollution, work methods, general working environment, dealing with accidents and emergencies, substitution of hazardous chemicals). Section 3 contains 43 check sheets on preventive action in connection with the advice sheets. Section 4 deals with accident investigation and notification. Section 5 is on how to obtain further information. (65559)

CIS 95-2014 Safety in gas-flame welding and cutting. (Hebrew: Btichut brituch vchituch blhvat gaz) Rubitz Sh., Israeli Institute for Occupational Safety and Hygiene, 22 Maze Street, P.O. Box 1122, Tel Aviv, Israel, 1994. 80p. Illus. (In Hebrew)

Illustrated booklet which may be used for training purposes. Subjects covered: definition of terms and standards; gases used in gas welding and cutting; equipment and auxiliaries; safe working practice; personal protective equipment and working clothes; summary of safety rules; accidents and how to prevent them; safety checks for gas-flame welding, brazing and cutting work. (65793)

CIS 95-2015 Health and safety in the office. Corporate Television, 44 Ridgeway Avenue, Newport, Gwent NP9 5AH, United Kingdom, s.d. Videotape (length: 17min). Price: GBP 150.00. ### (In English)

Videotape on office safety, with particular attention paid to the importance of tidiness and the dangers of electricity. A review of this videotape was published in: Health and Safety at Work, May 1995, p.35. (65868)

CIS 95-2016 Work with visual display terminals. (French: Le travail sur écran) Negroni P., Institut pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail (IN.PACT), 4 Blvd. de la Villette, 75019 Paris, France, 1994. 45p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: FRF 80.00., ISBN 2-907760-16-5 (In French)

This training booklet surveys the provisions of the French Decree of 14 May 1991 (CIS 92-13) concerning the use of visual display terminals (VDUs), itself issued in conformity with Directive 90/270/EEC (CIS 90-1069) on the same subject. Step-by-step instruction is provided on the application of the Decree in the workplace (work equipment characteristics, work organization, training, medical surveillance). (65549)

CIS 95-2017 Measures of protection against hydrogen sulfide fumes. (Spanish: Medidas preventivas ante emanaciones de ácido sulfhídrico) Aranda S.J., González R.O., Herrera H.C., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 17p. Illus. (In Spanish)

The presence of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) fumes is primarily due to the decomposition of sulfur-containing organic matter (such as fish). This training guide covers: characteristics of H₂S; natural, artificial and industrial sources; effects of exposure on the body (can be fatal at concentrations > 200ppm); accident causes; exposure limit in Chile (8ppm = 11.2mg/m³); measures of prevention (general; before, during and after fish unloading operations; emergency measures); first aid; personal protective equipment; detectors; check-list for prevention. (65518)

CIS 95-2018 Chemical hazards - Prevention, safety, health. (French: Risque chimique - Prévention, Sécurité, Santé) Fédération unifiée des industries chimiques CFDT, Institut pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail (IN.PACT), 4 Blvd. de la Villette, 75019 Paris, France, 1994. 31p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: FRF 40.00., ISBN 2-907760-15-7 (In French)

This training booklet is aimed at all workers potentially exposed to harmful chemical substances or mixtures in the workplace. It takes a step-by-step approach to the presentation of the provisions of the Decree of 3 Dec. 1992 (see CIS 93-1423) concerning chemical hazards and the preparation of chemical data sheets, together with detailed instructions on how to comply with them. Examples of preventive action from industry are provided. (65550)

CIS 95-2019 Metal working fluids: Effective coolant care. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, s.d. Videotape (length: 11min) + booklet (56p.) Price: GBP 19.50. ### (In English)

Videotape on the hazards associated with the use of metal-working fluids, and on their safe use. The accompanying booklet is entitled: Guide to good practice for minimising risks to health. A review of this videotape was published in: Health and Safety at Work, May 1995, p.35. (65867)

CIS 95-2020 The safe handling of pesticides in the home - Instructor's manual. (Spanish: Manejo seguro de plaguicidas en el hogar - Manual instructores) Matarrita L., Dehaney I., Aguilar L., Cámara Insumos Agropecuarios, Apdo.:691 - 2150 Moravia, San José, Costa Rica, 1993. 129p. Illus. 12 ref. (In Spanish)

Teacher's manual for a 6-day course on pesticide safety. The course is aimed primarily at housewives responsible for the application of pesticides in agricultural households. Main topics covered: role of women as household managers in the handling of pesticides; storage and labelling of pesticides; preventive measures; use and cleaning of protective clothing; pesticide poisoning and first-aid measures; household pests and their control. Glossary. (65524)

CIS 95-2021 Training Programme on the Safe Handling of Pesticides - Equipment for ground-level application. (Spanish: Programa de Educación Manejo Seguro de Plaguicidas - Equipos de aplicación terrestre) Matarrita L., Cámara Insumos Agropecuarios, Apdo.:691 - 2150 Moravia, San José, Costa Rica, 2nd ed., 1992. 29p. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish)

Training manual on the proper application of agricultural pesticides at ground level (i.e. not by aerial spraying). It describes the different kinds of pesticide applicators and their constituent parts. (65525)

CIS 95-2022 Environmental and agricultural education: Practical didactic guide for teachers - Pesticides. (Spanish: Educación ambiental y agropecuaria: Guía didáctica para el docente - Plaguicidas) Ortega Vincenzi D., Soto Brenes C.M., Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura, Cámara Insumos Agropecuarios, Apdo.:691 - 2150 Moravia, San José, Costa Rica, 1991 (I), 1995 (II). 2 vols. 106+121p. Illus. 17+26 ref., ISBN 92-9039-168-5 (I), ISBN 92-9039-262-2 (II) (In Spanish)

Illustrated teacher's guide to pesticide safety. Vol.I contains teaching material for grades 1-3, while Vol.II contains teaching material for grades 4-6. Also included is information on: labelling of pesticides; use of pesticides in Costa Rica; relevant legislation in Costa Rica; registration and control; diagnosis and treatment of poisoning by pesticides; glossary of terms used. (65526)

CIS 95-2023 Manual on the prevention of hazards during the utilization of pesticides. (Spanish: Manual de prevención de riesgos en el uso de plaguicidas) Rojas Trejos J.F., Instituto Nacional de Seguros, San José, Costa Rica, 1995. 25p. Illus. 3 ref. (In Spanish)

Teaching manual on the safe use of pesticides. Contents: general information on pesticides and their hazards; toxicity of pesticides; hazards of use (toxicity, exposure period and concentration, ways of entry into the organism, individual susceptibility); preventive measures; first aid. In annex: recommendations for the cleaning of protective clothing; table presenting pesticides of various chemical classes, together with their effects on the health and the environment; formulation codes. (65527)

CIS 95-2024 Wood preservation. (French: Traitement curatif des bois en place) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1991. 31p. Illus. ### (In French)

Richly illustrated training brochure on the safe use of wood preservatives. Review of product toxicity, the duties of employers and the major safety rules applicable in plants and on worksites. (65882)

CIS 95-2025 Prevention of hazards encountered in the collection of solid waste. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos en el proceso de recolección de residuos sólidos) Reyes Soto M., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1993. 48p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Contents of this training guide: description of the process of waste collection and disposal; statistical analysis of occupational accidents in waste collecting enterprises; hazard control (waste collection from homes and the street, waste transportation, final disposal of waste, personal protection, vehicle maintenance, hygienic conditions); programme of accident hazard prevention; list of responsibilities for hazard control. Glossary. In annex: special legal provisions for waste collection and removal. (65522)

CIS 95-2026 Fires and explosions: Awareness training for your staff. Safety, Health and Environment Department, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom. Manuals + 7 case studies + slide set (90 slides) + overhead (O/H) projections. Price: GBP 260.00 (all except O/H), GBP 50.00 (O/H) + VAT + delivery charges. ###, ISBN 1-898945-27-6, ISBN 1-898945-28-4 (O/H) (In English)

Audiovisual interactive training package on fire and explosion safety. (65864)

CIS 95-2027 How to run a course on safer piping. Safety, Health and Environment Department, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom. Videotape (30min.) + manual + case studies + slide set (105 slides). Price: GBP 860.00 + VAT + delivery charges. ### (In English)

Audiovisual interactive training package aimed at operators, designers, safety managers and senior managers dealing with piping systems. (65863)

CIS 95-2028 How to train for safer maintenance. Safety, Health and Environment Department, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 1994. 7 training packages, each containing manuals, case studies, slide sets and course leader's notes. Price: GBP 260.00 (per package, except 020: GBP 290.00, 025: 300.00) + VAT + delivery charges. ### (In English)

Audiovisual training packages on safe maintenance techniques, particularly in the chemical industry. Package numbers and titles are: 004 - Preparation for maintenance; 007 - Work permit systems; 008 - Human error; 014 - Practical risk assessment; 019 - Offshore practical risk assessment; 020 - Learning from accidents; 025 - Modifications: The management of change. (65866)

CIS 95-2029 Incident reporting, investigation and analysis. Safety, Health and Environment Department, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby CV21 3HQ, United Kingdom, 1994. Manuals + case studies + slide set (144 slides) + overhead (O/H) projections. Price: GBP 300.00 (all except O/H), GBP 50.00 (O/H) + VAT + delivery charges. ###, ISBN 1-898945-25-X, ISBN 1-898945-26-8 (O/H) (In English)

Audiovisual training package on the best practices to follow for the reporting, investigation and analysis of dangerous incidents (minor accidents, near-misses). (65865)

CIS 95-2030 Prevention of electric hazards: Basic notions. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos eléctricos: Nociones básicas) Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 16p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Training guide providing an introduction to the hazards of electricity. Contents: electric circuits; types of electrical accidents; factors determining the extent of injury due to electric shock; causes of the most common accidents produced by electricity; general preventive measures. (65521)

CIS 95-2031 Preventing voice damage. (Spanish: Prevención de daño a la voz) Muñoz R.J., Poza V.P., Salas O.L., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2nd ed., 1992. 14p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Contents of this introduction to voice protection: role of language as a means of communication; production of speech sounds; role of the respiratory system in voice production; the speech organs; the articulation system; the nervous system; principal measures for protecting one's voice (avoid talking in noisy environments, avoid continuous shouting, avoid coughing and clearing the throat while talking, avoid rapid changes in air temperature, avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, avoid talking during heavy physical activity). (65517)

CIS 95-2032 Health surveillance in noisy industries: Advice for employers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Apr. 1995. 12p. 9 ref. Free., ISBN 0-7176-0933-2 (In English)

Contents of this leaflet aimed at employers: meaning of health surveillance in noisy industries; how to decide when such surveillance is needed; how to introduce it for employees; how to use its results. (65557)

CIS 95-2033 Cold weather worker's safety guide. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ont. L8N 1H6, Canada, 1995. 104p. Illus. Price: CAD 10.00 (+ GST) in Canada; USD 10.00 (elsewhere)., ISBN 0-660-16228-8 (In English)

Safety guide useful for the training of workers for outdoor work in cold weather. Contents: elements of on-the-job safety; safety inspections, accident investigation and reporting, first aid; cold weather safety - hazards due to cold, measurement of cold (including wind chill factors), dressing warmly, maintenance of cold-weather clothing, working safely on snow and ice, ice safety on frozen bodies of water, vital signs of cold injury (including prevention and treatment of frostbite, hypothermia, trench foot, white finger and carpal tunnel syndrome); cold-weather work in remote areas; general safety in outdoor work (electric safety, ladders, chain saws, compact loaders, snow throwers, shovelling and digging, manual material handling, truck start up, infectious waste); safety guidelines for the work environment; personal protective equipment; OSH legislation in Canada. (65556)

CIS 95-2034 Physical and biological hazards of the workplace. Wald P.H., Stave G.M., eds., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003, USA and International Thomson Publishing, Berkshire House, 168-173 High Holborn, London WC1V 7AA, United Kingdom, 1994. xxi, 511p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price (UK): GBP 59.00., ISBN 0-442-01677-8 (In English)

University-level manual providing very detailed up-to-date information on physical and biological hazards, with emphasis on those affecting workers and workplaces in the United States. For each hazard or condition, diagnosis, treatment, medical surveillance and prevention are addressed at length. Contents: Physical hazards - Worker-material interfaces (ergonomic hazards and upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders, manual materials handling, vibration, mechanical energy); the physical work environment (hot and cold environments, high- and low-pressure environments, shift work); energy and electromagnetic radiation (ionizing, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, laser, microwave, radiofrequency and ELF radiation; noise; electricity, including lightning injury). Biological hazards - General principles of microbiology and infectious disease; clinical recognition and health consequences of occupational exposure; prevention of illness from biological hazards; viruses; bacteria; mycobacteria; fungi; Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae; parasites; envenomations (arthropods, marine animals, snakes); allergens; malignant cells; recombinant organisms; endotoxins; wood dust. (65509)

CIS 95-2035 Prevention of hazards during the operation of fork-lift trucks - Guide for the operator. (Spanish: Prevención de riesgos en la operación de grúas horquillas - Guía para el operador) Aguayo G.F., Herrera H.C., Molinos B.S., Molina G.J., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 3rd ed., 1992. 20p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Contents of this training guide: general safety recommendations; safety measures to be taken before and during the operation of fork-lift trucks; loading and unloading operations; parking of the truck. Important warning signs. (65515)

CIS 95-2036 Prevention of risks in the use of hand tools. (Spanish: Prevención en el uso de herramientas de mano) Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 31p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Training guide to the safe use of hand tools. It covers: proper and improper use of hand tools; commonly used hand tools (used for hitting, fastening, cutting, etc.); acquisition, storage and maintenance of hand tools. (65520)

CIS 95-2037 Hazards of using fishing vessel gear. (Spanish: Riesgos en maniobras con aparejos) Olivares Puentes F., Mercado Aguilar V., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1990. 8p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Introduction to the safe use of fishing vessel gear: pulley blocks, winches etc. (65512)

CIS 95-2038 Biological hazards: Prevention, safety, health. (French: Risque biologique - Prévention, Sécurité, Santé) Fédération unifiée des industries chimiques CFDT, Institut pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail (IN.PACT), 4 Blvd. de la Villette, 75019 Paris, France, 1995. 40p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: FRF 40.00., ISBN 2-907760-19-X (In French)

This manual, useful as a training brochure, surveys the provisions of the French Decree of 4 May 1994 concerning biological hazards (see CIS 95-36). Step-by-step instruction is provided on the application of this Decree in the workplace. Many true-life examples are given. (65548)

CIS 95-2039 Hygiene in food preparation: Guide for the food handler. (Spanish: La higiene en la manipulación de alimentos - Guía para el manipulador) Muñoz R.J., Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 1992. 20p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Introduction to the basics of good hygiene for food handlers. (65511)

CIS 95-2040 Prevention of musculoskeletal problems due to repetitive motion. (French: Prévention des troubles musculo-squelettiques liés aux gestes répétitifs) Etienne P., Hervé J.B., Privet L., Zerbib J.C., Institut pour l'amélioration des conditions de travail (IN.PACT), 4 Blvd. de la Villette, 75019 Paris, France, 1994. 67p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: FRF 100.00., ISBN 2-907760-16-5 (In French)

Booklet on the prevention of musculoskeletal problems (MSP) due to repetitive motions at work. Contents: statistical data on the prevalence of repetitive work in France; physiology and anatomy of the problem; survey of the problem in enterprises, and the resulting preventive and corrective action; prevention policies; real-life examples of preventive action. (65547)

CIS 95-2041 Don't pick up an injury. Workcare, Freepost CN 3145, P.O.Box 889, Mitcham, Surrey CR4 4YZ, United Kingdom, no date. Videotape (length: 18min) + trainer's guide. Price: GBP 250.00. ### (In English)

Videotape on safe manual handling practices on building sites. Review in Health and Safety at Work, Feb. 1995, Vol.17, No.2, p.18. (65847)

CIS 95-2042 Order and cleanliness. (Spanish: Orden y limpieza) Asociación Chilena de Seguridad, Casilla 14565, Correo Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2nd ed., 1992. 8p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Training guide on the importance in maintaining order and cleanliness in the workplace. (65519)

CIS 95-2043 Ergonomics. (Spanish: Ergonomía) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad en el Trabajo (INSHT), Ediciones y Publicaciones, C/ Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 217p. Illus. 69 ref., ISBN 84-7425-401-9 (In Spanish)

Manual on ergonomics. Contents: fundamental concepts of ergonomics; human beings and their environment; design of work places; design of work stations; illumination, colour and their effects on well-being; physical work (force, posture, repetitive motions); mental workload; controls and signs; noise and vibration; the thermal environment; air quality in interior spaces; machinery and tools; nutrition and work; the ergonomics of organizations (levels of mechanization and automation, functionality, participation, communications, training); working time (flexible working time, shortened week, shift work). (65570)

CIS 95-2044 The psychosociology of work. (Spanish: Psicosociología del trabajo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo (INSHT), Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 173p. Illus. 74 ref., ISBN 84-7425-419-1 (In Spanish)

Contents of this introductory manual into occupational psychology, usable for training purposes as well: general concepts related to stress and other psychosocial problems in the workplace; characteristics of the enterprise; structure of organizations; personal characteristics; task-related factors; physiological consequences of stress; psychological consequences of stress and dissatisfaction; dysfunctions at work and in social life; methodology for the evaluation of psychosocial factors; evaluation techniques; changes in work organization; changes in management style; changes at the level of the individual. (65508)

CIS 95-2045 Stress at work: A GMB guide. GMB, 22-24 Worple Road, London SW19 4DD, United Kingdom, 1994. 35p. 7 ref. Price: GBP 5.00 (non-members). (In English)

Training brochure on mental stress at work, prepared by a trade union. Contents: scale of the problem; definition and symptoms of stress; causes of stress; remedies; case studies. In annex: a check list of stress factors and symptoms. (65554)

CIS 95-2046 Stress at work: A guide for employers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 19p. Illus. 6 ref. Price: GBP 5.25., ISBN 0-7176-0733-X (In English)

Contents of this training guide, aimed at employers: commonsense about stress; definition of stress; causes of harmful levels of stress; identification of stress problems; legal aspects; possibilities of action by employers; monitoring of stress levels; pay-offs in reducing stress at the workplace. (65555)

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CIS 95-2047 Safety communication and the role of an OSH information center. Donagi A., Chereisky M., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.35-55. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

The concepts of "safety information" and "safety communication" are analyzed and used in a study of a large national information centre in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH). A system analysis is made of the structure and operation of this centre. It provides, primarily, answers to requests from OSH professionals, plant managers, workers in specific occupations and their representatives, etc., and is, also, a source of targeted and general information in its field of activity. (65797)

CIS 95-2048 Occupational accidents in Brazil - Some economic, social and legal implications. (Portuguese: Os acidentes do trabalho no Brasil - Algumas implicações de ordem econômica, social e legal) Lucca S.R., Fávero M., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Jan.-Mar. 1994, Vol.22, No.81, p.7-14. 18 ref. ### (In Portuguese)

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CIS 95-2049 Working conditions, morbidity and injuries in industry. (Russian: Sostojanie uslovij truda, zabolevaemosti i travmatizma na proizvodstve) Bezopasnost' truda v promyšlennosti, 1995, No.11, p.2-12. Illus. (In Russian)

Overview of trends in the Russian Federation compiled by the editorial staff of the monthly journal of the State Mining and Engineering Inspectorate (Gosgortehnadzor). Although the absolute number of accident victims fell from 432,400 (8,390 deaths) in 1990 to 303,800 (6,779 fatalities) in 1994, this was due to reductions in the workforce. The rate of fatal accidents increased from 0.121 to 0.133 per 1000 workers, and the number of cases of first-time compensation for invalidity rose from 52 cases per 10,000 persons to 76 in the same period. More than 30% of the fatalities are due to failure to respect safety rules in transport. Industry-specific data for the last 5-10yr are given for the coal, chemical and construction materials industries. Regulations have been strengthened, and thousands of inspections are carried out every year by Gosgortehnadzor, alone and jointly with other inspectorates (numbers and outcomes are given). However, the resources are still inadequate. (65820)

CIS 95-2050 White Paper Report on U.S. industry safety & health practices. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Dec. 1995, Vol.56, No.12 (supplement), 34p. Illus. (In English)

This supplemental issue covers the following topics: outlook for 1996: reinventing safety and health (impact of "downsizing" on OSH practices, impact of the quality movement, reduced role for OSHA and EPA, emphasis on employee involvement); statistical analysis of trends in the OSH field, based on answers to a questionnaire survey of 1102 OSH and environment professionals (by type of industry: manufacturing, chemical industry, government employment, high-tech, construction, small plants, large plants); the future of OSHA. (65717)

CIS 95-2051 Over-protection versus discrimination in (Israeli) disabilities-insurance legislation (work-related injuries vs. general disabilities). (Hebrew: Haganat yeter el mul qipuah bhakika lemaan nehim (nifgaei avoda, nehim qlaliim)) Ben-Tzvi B., Bitachon Sotziali, 1995, No.43, p.45-53. (In Hebrew)

Disabled with work-related injuries (DWRI) and disabled with general disabilities (DGD) form the two largest groups of disabled in Israel. Although both groups are covered by National Insurance legislation, there are some marked differences between them. Thus, DWRI are granted a disabled-person status on the basis of the injury itself, while DGD have to prove that the disability affects their capacity to work. DWRI receive special grants for lodgings, equipment and a personal car; there are no such grants for DGD. There is special legislation for disability-related medical treatment of DWRI, but not for DGD. The maximum monthly disability pension for DWRI (e.g., for a 100% disabled independent) at the beginning of 1995 was ILS 10,632, vs. ILS 886 for DGD (ILS 1.00 is worth about USD 0.33). Income-tax (and other tax) benefits for DWRI are also much higher for DGD. A policy aimed at minimizing the present inequalities is proposed. Its main points are: (a) the adoption of a uniform definition of what a disabled person is; (b) professional rehabilitation for all - returning to work and assistance in adaptation to the job; (c) provision of adequate pensions for all. (65792)

CIS 95-2052 Management systems for safety. Stranks J., Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), Pitman Publishing, 128 Long Acre, London WC2 9AN, United Kingdom, 1994. 186p. 51 ref. Index. Price: GBP 16.99., ISBN 0-273-60441-4 (In English)

This manual provides practical advice for managers and others on implementing effective safety management systems. Contents: principles and objectives of health and safety management; the legal duty to manage health and safety at work (including requirements of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992 - see CIS 92-1754); risk and risk assessment; safety management systems; occupational health management; loss control management and the Total Loss Control (TLC) system; risk management; human factors; joint consultation; developing a safety culture. (65621)

CIS 95-2053 The complete guide to business risk management. Sadgrove K., Gower Publishing Ltd., Gower House, Croft Road, Aldershot, Hampshire GU11 3HR, United Kingdom, 1996. 238p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 42.00. ###, ISBN 0-566-07551-2 (In English)

Manual on the identification, assessment and management of the risks confronting modern businesses. Among the topics covered: environmental pollution; health and safety; fire protection; contingency planning and crisis management. Case studies, self-assessment exercises and checklists throughout. (65890)

CIS 95-2054 Fatal injuries to workers in the United States, 1980-1989: A decade of surveillance. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Aug. 1993. xi, 33 p. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

Data gathered by the National Traumatic Occupational Fatalities (NTOF) surveillance system, 1980-1989, are analyzed. A total of 63,589 deaths were recorded. Information is presented for men and women, and by race and age groups, cause of death, industry and occupational divisions, and fatality rates by State. Over the decade, rates for the four highest risk industries (mining, construction, transportation/communication/utilities and agriculture/forestry/fishing) remained consistently higher than for other industries. Leading causes of fatal injury included motor vehicle and machinery incidents, homicides, falls, electrocutions and being struck by falling objects. The data help to identify occupational groups at high risk of traumatic fatal injury. (65610)

CIS 95-2055 Compendium of workers' compensation statistics, Australia, 1992-93. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Aug. 1995. xxi, 131p. 6 ref., ISBN 0-644-45153-X (In English)

This report is based on workers' compensation data for 1992-1993. Data include: fatalities by jurisdiction, injury or disease, sex, age, occupation, industry and type of occurrence; overview of new cases reported for all industries and occupations; new cases reported in each industry and occupation (number, incidence and frequency by jurisdiction, duration of absence, type of occurrence and comparison with 1991-1992). Data are generally presented in graphical form with detailed analysis and commentary. (65624)

CIS 95-2056 Work accidents: Injuries in State of Kuwait. (Arabic: Hawadeth: Isabat 'Amal bi Dawlat Al-Kuwait) Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour, Kuwait, 2nd ed., 1989. 120p. Illus. (In Arabic, English)

This publication presents and analyzes statistics on occupational injuries in the State of Kuwait in 1989; some comparisons with 1988 are included. Information includes: total number of injuries; numbers and causes of fatal and nonfatal accidents; injuries by economic activity and by labour department; compensation paid by insurance companies; work days lost. The role of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour is also outlined. (65656)

CIS 95-2057 A summary of accident statistics. (German: BG-Statistiken für die Praxis) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, 1995. 71p. Illus. (In English, German)

Pocket book giving an overview of the statistics of the Mutual Industrial Accident Insurance Association (Berufsgenossenschaften) in Germany for 1994: number of affiliated firms and insured workers; number of insured workers per branch of industry; occupational accidents and diseases reported or compensated for the first time (total numbers, frequency rates, breakdown by sector); fatal accidents and diseases (total numbers, frequency rates, breakdown by sector); fatal accidents and diseases (total numbers, frequency rates, breakdown by sector); schedule of compensable occupational diseases; occupational diseases reported or compensated for the first time, broken down by disease classification; costs of compensation, treatment, accident prevention and disability pensions. Staff in technical inspectorate in 1994; occupational safety training events and participants by target group in 1994. (65709)

CIS 95-2058 International accident facts. (French: Données internationales sur les accidents; Spanish: Datos internacionales sobre accidentes) National Safety Council, 1121 Spring Lake Drive, Itasca, IL 60143, USA, 1995. vii, 151p. Illus. 11 ref., ISBN 0-87912-184-X (In English, French, Spanish)

Comparative statistical data on accidental deaths and injuries in various countries of the world. For overall death rates in 24 countries, both crude and age-adjusted accidental death rates are provided, otherwise all rates are crude. The following data are of occupational relevance: deaths due to falls, fires, drowning, poisoning, accidental work deaths, work injuries, workdays lost, industries with the greatest number of accidental work deaths and injuries. Some data are also analyzed by age group. Commentary and selected statistical analysis are also supplied separately for the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada (analysis by province as well), Czech Republic, Denmark, England and Wales, France, Germany, Greece, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea (Republic), Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USA. (65719)

CIS 95-2059 Law of health and safety at work in Scotland. Craig V., Miller K., Sweet and Maxwell Ltd., Cheriton house, North Way, Andover, Hampshire SP10 5BE, United Kingdom, 1995. xxxvii, 286p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 28.50., ISBN 0-414-01057-4 (In English)

This book provides an introduction to the law of health and safety as it applies in Scotland. Contents: sources and institutions (criminal law, civil law, approved codes of practice, influence of the European Community, institutions of the law of health and safety at work); the common law and the employer's duty; the statutory regime (the importance of legislation as a mechanism for setting standards; the evolution of health and safety law); requirements of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974; selected areas of statutory regulation; remedies and insurance. Statutes and judicial cases are listed. (65653)

CIS 95-2060 Protecting whistleblowers at work. Vickers L., The Institute of Employment Rights, 160 Falcon Road, London SW11 2LN, United Kingdom, 1995. 51p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 5.50., ISBN 1-873271-37-9 (In English)

This booklet, aimed at union members, discussed how employees can raise issues of concern about their employer's practices or policies (whistleblowing), including those relating to health and safety at work, and explains legislative measures available to protect these employees from victimization. Topics discussed include: the legal protection of whistleblowers in the United Kingdom and the role of trade unions; the legal position regarding breach of contract and dismissal for whistleblowing; shortcomings of current legal protection; the example of the National Health Service; international comparisons; proposals for reform. (65654)

CIS 95-2061 ELINYAE - Hellenic Institute for Occupational Health & Safety. (Greek: EL.IN.U.A.E. - Ellēniko Institouto Ugieinēs & Asfaleias tēs Ergasias) Ellēniko Institouto Ugieinēs & Asfaleias tēs Ergasias, Patēsiōn 89, 104 34 Athēna, Greece, [1995]. 13p. Illus. (In English, Greek)

History, structure and activities (information, advisory and research) of the tripartite Greek national OSH institute, set up in 1992 with the aim of satisfying some of the requirements of Directive 89/391/EEC. A summary of the five-year development programme (1995-1999) is also given. (65713)

CIS 95-2062 Administration report of the Department of Labour for the year 1993. Department of Labour, Labour Secretariat, Kirula Road, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka, no date [distributed 1995]. 61p. (In English)

Four chapters of this annual report touch on occupational safety and health: "Library Services", "Factories Division", "Division of Occupational Hygiene" and "Foreman Training Institute". The chapter on the Factories Division reports 26 fatal accidents (33 victims) and 3417 non-fatal accidents in premises subject to the Factories Ordinance (CIS 88-1416, 88-1417). Research, inspection, exposure assessment, information and training activities of the units are summarized. (65762)

CIS 95-2063 Annual report 1994-95. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. xvii, 102p. Illus. Index. ### (In English)

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CIS 95-2064 Facts & Figures 94. Duvernoy F., Moyen D., Institut national de recherche scientifique (INRS), 30, rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1994. 21p. Illus., ISBN 2-7389-0392-4 (In English)

Main contents of the 1994 annual report (English version) of the INRS in France: Message from the Director General; Board of Directors and Committees; INRS activities; calendar of the year's events; actions undertaken 1994; assistance; training; studies and research; a glance at two themes of activity; personal protective equipment; technological exploitation of research results; financial data; glossary of abbreviations. (65544)

CIS 95-2065 First European survey on the work environment 1991-1992. Paoli P., European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1992. xvii, 229p. Price: ECU 22.50., ISBN 92-826-4378-6 (In English)

Results of a survey of 12,500 workers in the 12 countries of the European Community are analyzed. Data is presented on: the size and distribution of the labour force; workers' assessments of their exposure to potential mechanical, physical and chemical hazards (noise, heat and cold, dangerous substances, machines and tools, etc); assessment of conditions of work (working time, nightwork, repetitive work, training, etc.); workers' perceptions of the health and safety risks of their work; analyses by industrial sector and by country. The main safety and health issues are summarized and groups most at risk are identified. Differences according to sex, age, company size, country and industrial sector are highlighted. Survey questionnaires in the nine community languages are added in annex. (65590)

CIS 95-2066 Risk evaluation: Guidelines by DG V of the EEC; Guidelines for small and medium-sized enterprises. (Italian: Valutazione del rischio - Linee guida DG V della CEE; Linee guida per la piccola e media impresa) Istituto Superiore Prevenzione e Sicurezza Lavoro (ISPESL), via Alessandria 220/E, 00198 Roma, Italy, 1995. 78p. Illus. (In Italian)

Part A of these guidelines cover general recommendations concerning risk evaluation in the workplace: definitions; objectives (including a flowchart); base elements of risk evaluation; methodologies; responsibilities of employers; selection of persons charged with risk evaluation; information sources; evaluation schedules; monitoring; modification of working practices and reevaluation subsequent to risk evaluation; examples of work situations and activities requiring risk evaluation; choice of organisms outside the enterprise for consultancy or actual carrying out of risk evaluation activities. Part B covers recommendations for risk evaluation by small and medium-sized enterprises: choice of person to carry out the evaluation; evaluation of risks due to the current situation; reduction and evaluation of work hazards; use of personal protective equipment; definition of priorities for control measures. In annex: step-by-step introduction of risk identification and evaluation procedures. ISPESL comments on the guidelines are also attached: significance of risk evaluation; classification and definition of terms used in risk evaluation; procedure criteria; stages of risk evaluation; contents of the "Safety Document" (Documento della Sicurezza) produced in accordance with the Legislative Decree of 19 Sep. 1994, including illustrations of the safety signs and directions to be used within the enterprise. (65716)

CIS 95-2067 INVAC - Investigations on occupational accidents. (Spanish: INVAC - Investigación de accidentes de trabajo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo (INHST), Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain. CD-ROM + 1 demonstration diskette (DOS). ### (In Spanish)

This diskette contains the text of all current Spanish legislation concerning occupational safety and health. It also contains software enabling users to perform statistical analysis of accident data and to construct fault trees. (65862)

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CIS 95-2068 The value or urinary lead measurements in the periodic examination of battery workers. Froom P., Kristal-Boneh E., Ashkanazi R., Ribak J., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.27-32. 11 ref. (In English)

An attempt was made to determine whether urinary Pb measurements can help to identify battery workers who need more careful follow-up. The results, which were compared with data from blood Pb measurements, indicated that, although a correlation was found between blood and urinary Pb levels, urinary lead measurements should not be included in the periodic examination of workers exposed to lead. (65795)

CIS 95-2069 Transient changes in the pulmonary function of welders - A cross sectional study of Monday peak expiratory flow. Donoghue A.M., Glass W.I., Herbison G.P., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1994, Vol.51, No.8, p.553-556. 28 ref. (In English)

The aim of the study was to compare the peak expiratory flow (PEF) of 20 welders and 20 non-welders, all men who had essentially never smoked, with no significant difference in age, height, ethnicity or baseline spirometry, over a 12-hour period from the start of work on Monday. The PEF was measured for each welder before the start of work and 15min, 30min, one, two, four, seven and 12h after the start of welding. The same method was applied to the non-welders. The welder and non-welder group means were significantly different at 15min (p = 0.028). Also, the group mean for maximum fall in PEF was significantly greater for the welders (p = 0.011). The results are suggestive of an immediate type reaction in welders, similar to that seen in some cases of occupational asthma. It is recommended that future studies undertake breathing zone measurements to relate the response to particular constituents of the welding fumes, especially the gases ozone and nitrogen dioxide. (65707)

CIS 95-2070 Cancer occurrence among workers exposed to acrylonitrile. Rothman K.J., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.20, No.5, p.313-321. 18 ref. (In English)

A MEDLINE search identified 12 published epidemiological studies that have reported incidence or mortality experience among workers exposed to acrylonitrile. Though many of the studies had design flaws, it was possible to use meta-analytical techniques to show that there is little evidence for carcinogenicity among such workers. The combined information from these studies is insufficient, however, to support confidence about a lack of carcinogenicity at all sites. Nevertheless, despite the flaws in some of the individual studies, the summarized findings offer reassurance that workers exposed to acrylonitrile face no striking increases in mortality for all cancers or for respiratory cancer. (65771)

CIS 95-2071 Bladder cancer and occupational exposures. Hours M., Dananche B., Fevotte J., Bergeret A., Ayzac L., Cardis E., Etard J.F., Pallen C., Roy P., Fabry J., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.20, No.5, p.322-330. 40 ref. (In English)

A hospital-based case-referent study (116 bladder cancer patients, 232 controls) was carried out in Lyon, France, with the purpose of generating hypotheses about the role of occupational exposures to 320 compounds in bladder carcinogenesis. Significantly elevated odds ratios were observed for exposure to pyrolysis and combustion products (odds ratio (OR) 2.3, 95% (CI) 1.0-4.0) when the general referents were used and for cutting fluids (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.4) when adjusted for smoking. The latter was highest among blue-collar and unskilled workers, supervisors, and agricultural workers, while the odds ratio for the others was 0.8 (95% CI 0.3-2.7). An elevated odds ratio for exposure to inks was observed for women (OR 14.0, 95% CI 1.8-106.5) on the basis of 14 exposed cases, but confounding factors could have been responsible for this result. The observations of this investigation should be further tested in future studies. (65772)

CIS 95-2072 Some considerations on diabetes and work. (Italian: Alcune considerazioni in tema di diabete e lavoro) Perrelli G., Pettinati L., Rivista di medicina del lavoro ed igiene industriale, 1993, Vol.17, p.39-46. 25 ref. ### (In Italian)

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CIS 95-2073 Leukemia mortality and farming in the prairie provinces of Canada. Semenciw R.M., Morrison H.I., Morison D., Mao Y., Canadian Journal of Public Health - Revue canadienne de santé publique, May-June 1994, Vol.85, No.3, p.208-211. 24 ref. (In English)

The purpose of the study was to examine the risk of fatal leukaemia according to various farming practices in a large cohort of Canadian farm operators. The mortality experience (1971-1987) of male farmers in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta was studied. The census records of 156,242 male farmers identified on the 1971 Census of Agriculture and the corresponding Census of Population were linked to mortality records through 1987. A statistically significant test for trend (p=0.03) was observed between leukaemia mortality and the number of chickens and/or turkeys owned (relative risk for ≥130 chickens and/or turkeys=1.32, 95% confidence interval=0.99, 1.77). No association was observed between leukaemia mortality and either insecticide or herbicide use. (65739)

CIS 95-2074 Prevalence of shoulder and upper-limb disorders among workers in the fish-processing industry. Chiang H.C., Ko Y.C., Chen S.S., Yu H.S., Wu T.N., Chang P.Y., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1993, Vol.19, No.2, p.126-131. 19 ref. ### (In English)

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CIS 95-2075 Cancer incidence and mortality among Swedish leather tanners. Mikoczy Z., Schütz A., Hagmar L., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1994, Vol.51, No.8, p.530-535. 30 ref. (In English)

Cancer incidence and mortality patterns were assessed for the periods 1958-89 and 1952-89 respectively, in a cohort of 2,026 subjects who had been employed for at least one year between 1900 and 1989 in three Swedish leather tanneries. Cause-specific standardized incidence and mortality ratios (SIRs and SMRs) were calculated. A significantly increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas (SIR 4.27; 95% CI 1.39-9.97) was found, based on five cases. An excess (not statistically significant) was also found for multiple myelomas and sinonasal cancer. The increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas adds support to previous findings of an excess mortality in this diagnosis among leather tanners. A plausible cause is exposure to chlorophenols, which had occurred in all three plants. The excess of multiple myelomas may also be associated with exposure to chlorophenol. The association between incidence of cancer and specific chemical exposure should be elucidated in a cohort-based case-referent study. (65703)

CIS 95-2076 Relations between respiratory symptoms and sickness among workers in the animal feed industry. Post W.K., Burdorf A., Bruggeling T.G., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1994, Vol.51, No.7, p.440-446. 24 ref. (In English)

A cross-sectional survey among male workers in an animal feed mill was conducted. A total of 303 production workers and 102 office clerks completed a questionnaire on respiratory complaints, smoking habits and occupational history. Causes of sickness were classified in broad categories encompassing respiratory symptoms, influenza, musculoskeletal disorders and others. Logistic regression analysis showed that workers with respiratory complaints experienced a higher rate of sickness absence than those without respiratory complaints. The odds ratio (OR) for sickness prevalence, adjusted for age and smoking habits, was 1.9 among office clerks and 2.6 among blue collar workers. Smoking increased the risk of sickness absence with ORs of 2.4 and 1.6, respectively. The clear associations between respiratory complaints and prevalence and rate of respiratory sickness absence indicate that workers with respiratory complaints are at risk of temporary disability and, thus, may experience a reduced ability to cope with routine activities at work. (65701)

CIS 95-2077 Cancer mortality among workers in the meat department of supermarkets. Johnson E.S., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1994, Vol.51, No.8, p.541-547. 53 ref. (In English)

Cancer mortality for the period 1949 to 1989 was compared in a previously studied cohort of 10,841 members of a local meatcutters' union in Baltimore, Maryland (USA), who worked in the meat department of supermarkets, after an extended follow-up of nine years (1981-1989). Among women, an SMR of 1.6 and a PMR of 1.5 for lung cancer were found. For men, the SMR for cancer of the buccal cavity and pharynx was 1.8, and for colon cancer it was 1.5. The respective PMRs were 1.9 and 1.5. Whereas the role of non-occupational factors needs to be taken into account before occupational factors can be implicated in the occurrence of the excess of cancer of the buccal cavity and pharynx, and colon cancer in men, there is reason to suspect that occupational factors may be responsible for the lung cancer excess in women. Thus exposures that occur predominantly in women, such as exposure to fumes during wrapping and labelling, should be investigated as to their role in this excess. (65705)

CIS 95-2078 Allergic airway disease in Italian bakers and pastry makers. De Zotti R., Larese F., Bovenzi M., Negro C., Molinari S., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1994, Vol.51, No.8, p.548-552. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

A survey was carried out on respiratory symptoms and skin prick test response to common allergens (atopy), storage mites and occupational allergens among 226 bakers and pastry makers from 105 small businesses in northern Italy. Atopy was present in 54 workers (23.4%); 40 workers (17.7%) were skin positive to at least one storage mite, 27 (11.9%) to wheat flour and 17 (7.5%) to α-amylase. Work-related asthma was reported by 11 (4.9%) workers and rhinoconjunctivitis by 31 (17.7%); 22 workers (10.2%) complained of chronic bronchitis. It appears that there is still a significant risk of allergic respiratory disease among bakers. Atopy must be regarded as an important predisposing factor for skin sensitization to occupational allergens and for the onset of symptoms at work. The data confirm that for effective prevention, greater care should be taken not only in limiting environmental exposure, but also in identifying susceptible people. (65706)

CIS 95-2079 15th training seminar for hospital occupational physicians - Theme I: Parasitic diseases and tropical disorders in hospitals. Theme II: Situation of hospital occupational physicians in France and Europe. (French: XVes Journées de formation des médecins du travail du personnel des hôpitaux - Thème I. Parasitoses et affections tropicales en milieu hospitalier. Thème II. Situation des médecins du travail hospitaliers en France et en Europe) Archives des maladies professionnelles, de médecine du travail et de sécurité sociale, 1992, Vol. 53, No. 8, p.739-774. Illus. (In French)

Principal subjects of the papers presented at the 15th Training Seminar for Hospital Occupational Physicians, organized at La Baule (France), 4-6 Dec. 1991. Theme I: parasitic and tropical diseases in the hospital environment - medical treatment of blood hypereosinophilia; result of foecal parasitological examinations of hospital personnel on the Island of Reunion from 1987 to 1990; cysticercosis (a tapeworm infection) on the Island of Reunion; present-day problems of malaria; immunologic diagnosis of parasitic and other tropical diseases in hospital personnel; digestive diseases due to parasites; precautions to take before overseas travel. Theme II: the situation of hospital occupational physicians in France and Europe (general survey; particular studies in Germany, Belgium, Sweden and Spain; international organizations and hospital occupational health services). (65497)

CIS 95-2080 The first steps of occupational health in Israel. Dror K., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.91-94. (In English)

Historical notes, based on the reminiscences of the first head of the Occupational Medicine Department of Kupat Holim - the largest medical fund in Israel, belonging to the main trade union. (65800)

CIS 95-2081 International classification of impairments, disabilities, and handicaps - A manual of classification relating to the consequences of disease. World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, 1980. 207p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: CHF 18.00 (industrialized countries); CHF 12.60 (developing countries)., ISBN 92-4-154126-1 (In English)

This scheme published by the WHO provides a classification of the sequelae of various diseases, injuries and other conditions resulting in impairment, disability or handicap. Main types of information provided: the consequences of disease; classification of impairment; classification of disabilities; classification of handicaps. [A French version was published in 1988, and is distributed by the Presses Universitaires Françaises.] (65830)

CIS 95-2082 Medical aspects of modern office work. (German: Arbeitsmedizinische Aspekte der modernen Büroarbeit) Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1994. 142p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 27.00., ISBN 3-89429-579-1 (In German)

Proceedings of a workshop in Germany, held on 10 September 1994. The subjects covered were: visual strain by work on computers, electromagnetic fields, harmful substances, noise, lighting and climate in the office, the problems of sedentary work, subjectively perceived stress caused by work on computers, the causes and symptoms of the sick building syndrome, the occurrence of musculoskeletal diseases, tasks and workload in the modern office. (65840)

CIS 95-2083 The diabetic patient at work. Petrides P., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Strasse 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 1994. 123p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-609-64660-8 (In English)

Collection of articles that address the aetiology, pathogenesis as well as the medical treatment and supervision of employees with diabetes mellitus. In addition, the work capacity of diabetic employees and the effects of shift work on diabetics are discussed. The work situation of diabetics in Germany, France, Spain, the United Kingdom and USA are described by authors from these respective countries. For example, diabetics are not allowed to fly an aircraft or drive a train in any of these countries. (65574)

CIS 95-2084 Effectiveness and quality in motor function rehabilitation. (Italian: Efficacia e qualità in riabilitazione motoria) Bazzini G., Clinica del Lavoro e della Riabilitazione - IRCCS, ed., Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri Edizioni, PI-ME Press, Viale Sardegna 64, Pavia 27100, Italy, Jan.-Apr. 1995. xi, 291p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 30.00., ISBN 88-7963-035-0 (In Italian)

Collection of 27 papers on the evaluation of rehabilitation efforts in motion-impaired individuals, subsequent to occupational or other injury. The papers are divided into three categories: quality control in rehabilitation; principal evaluation scales in rehabilitation medicine; application of WHO's ICIDH (International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps) schedule for the evaluation of personal autonomy (see CIS 95-2081). (65714)

CIS 95-2085 Work and pregnancy. (Italian: Lavoro e gravidanza) Alaura C., Scala D., Centro regionale di documentazione per la prevenzione ambientale e del lavoro (CEDOC), eds., Regione Toscana Giunta Regionale, Via dei Servi 51, 50122 Firenze, Italy, 1994. 188p. Bibl.ref. (In Italian)

Contents of this monograph devoted to the study of the relationship between work and pregnancy: the legislative framework (ILO Conventions, EEC Directives, Italian national and regional laws and regulations); statistics on reproductive health in the population (with particular attention to the Tuscany Region in Italy); relevant research projects in Italy (traces of chlorinated hydrocarbons in mother's milk, medical and sociodemographic characteristics of women seeking abortions, the multi-centre EUROCAT study of exposures and pregnancy, lead levels in pregnant women, factors in repeated cases of spontaneous abortion); reproductive health in working women: physiology of pregnancy and increased susceptibility to occupational hazards, reproductive pathologies (infertility, spontaneous abortion, foetal malformations, childhood cancers); classification of reproductory risk factors (including list of substances classified as teratogenic by the EC); hazards and pathologies of pregnancy (infections, noise, vibration, organic solvents, metals, pesticides); profile on hazards in various occupations (incl. information on transfer to other jobs for the duration of the pregnancy); training and information of workers. In appendices: texts of Italian and EC legislative texts for the protection of pregnant women at work. (65552)

CIS 95-2086 Nunn's applied respiratory physiology. Nunn J.F., Butterworth Heinemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 4th ed., 1993. xviii, 658p. Illus. approx. 1500 ref. Index. Price: GBP 50.00., ISBN 0-7506-1336-X (In English)

This manual presents the basic principles and applications of respiratory physiology. Topics covered include: functional anatomy of the respiratory tract; elastic forces and lung volumes; control of breathing; pulmonary ventilation; pulmonary circulation; diffusion and alveolar/capillary permeability; role of carbon dioxide and oxygen; non-respiratory functions of the lung; respiratory aspects of exercise, sleep, high altitude and space, high pressure and diving; drowning; smoking; anaesthesia; ventilatory failure; artificial ventilation; anaemia; pulmonary oedema; pulmonary collapse; pulmonary embolism; adult respiratory distress syndrome; effects of changes in the carbon dioxide tension; hypoxia; hyperoxia and oxygen toxicity. (65640)

CIS 95-2087 An introduction to the Notifiable Occupational Disease System. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, Aug. 1995. 32p. 12 ref., ISBN 0-477-03579-5 (In English)

This booklet describes the Notifiable Occupational Disease System (NODS) administered by the Occupational Safety and Health Service of the New Zealand Department of Labour. The four stages involved in the system are outlined: notification of a possible work-related condition; investigation of the individual worker and their work and workplace; validation of the notification by departmental medical practitioners; and entry of confirmed cases on the NODS database. Notifications received between 1992 and 1995 are summarized and individual case studies are reported. (65601)

CIS 95-2088 Guidance note for best practice rehabilitation management of occupational injuries and disease. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Apr. 1995. vii, 61p. 3 ref., ISBN 0-644-35-285-X (In English)

Internet:
http://www.ascc.gov.au/NR/rdonlyres/9E42BB45-FD0D-474B-8DDA-3D30239C66D0/0/BestP…
   …racticeRehabilitationManagement.pdf

Contents of this guidance note: principles and philosophy of rehabilitation; benefits for employers and employees; role of statutory authorities, insurers, employees, employers, employee representatives, rehabilitation providers, medical practitioners and rehabilitation coordinators; rehabilitation policy development; rehabilitation systems; establishing a case team; referral of injured employees for rehabilitation assistance; confidentiality; rehabilitation services; return to work guidelines; rehabilitation reports; programme evaluation. In appendix: use of statistical indicators in the management of occupational injuries. (65622)

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CIS 95-2089 Mortality of filling station attendants. Lagorio S., Forastiere F., Ivarone I., Rapiti E., Vanacore N., Perucci C.A., Carere A., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.20, No.5, p.331-338. 51 ref. (In English)

The health impact of exposure to gasoline has not been fully elucidated. The article reports on the mortality of a cohort of 2,665 filling station managers from the Latium region (Italy). The follow-up period extended from 1981 through 1992. The mortality experience of the cohort was compared with that of the regional population. The overall analysis for standardized mortality ratios (SMR) showed a significantly decreased mortality from all causes, mainly due to a deficit of cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms. Non-significant increased risks for oesophageal cancer (SMR 241), brain cancer (SMR 195) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SMR 173) were found for men. Among the attendants of small stations, the SMR values for oesophageal cancer (SMR 351) and brain cancer (SMR 266) showed increased values. Filling station attendants are exposed to gasoline vapours and seem at risk of cancer of various sites. Due to the limitations of this study, however, a precise estimate of the risk for many causes of death was not achievable. (65773)

CIS 95-2090 The incidence of tuberculosis among North Carolina migrant farmworkers, 1991. Ciesielski S., Esposito D., Protiva J., Piehl M., American Journal of Public Health, Nov. 1994, Vol.84, No.11, p.1836-1838. 15 ref. (In English)

All locatable subjects (n=94) for whom tuberculosis prevalence had been determined in an earlier study were tested with purified protein derivative (PPD) and control antigens, sputum sampling and chest x-rays. Of the 46 who had been tuberculin negative (confirmed with control antigens) three years earlier, two had developed active tuberculosis in the interim and 14 (30%) were tuberculin positive. All had been engaged continuously in migrant farmwork. Lack of access to health care, an institutional feature of migrant farmwork, was significantly associated with primary infection. (65735)

CIS 95-2091 Investigation of occupational accidents in the fishing industry of the Salerno coastal region. (Italian: Indagine sull'infortunio sul lavoro nell'attività della pesca nel Salernitano) Pennarola R., Castiello C., Pennarola E., Rivista di medicina del lavoro ed igiene industriale, 1993, Vol.17, p.47-55. Illus. 10 ref. ### (In Italian)

(65842)

CIS 95-2092 Assessing occupational hazards for workers in electric steel manufacture. (Bulgarian: Ocenka na profesionalnija risk na rabotnicite ot elektrostomanodobiva) Mihajlova A., Zaprjanov Z., Antov G., Hristeva V., Muhtarova M., Černeva P., Hinkova L., Ivanovič E., Enev S., Todorova L., Izrael M., Georgieva R., Peneva V., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.122-128. 12 ref. (In Bulgarian)

These studies involved 105 workers in eight job groups, with an average age of 45 years and 5-10 years of special occupational experience at the "Electrosteel" works. Measurement of various factors in the work environment showed unfavorable microclimatic conditions, elevated equivalent levels of noise, excessive general and local vibration, and exposure to manganese aerosols, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides; some of the subjects had hepatic status and connective tissue abnormalities. Job groups found to be at risk were those of steel founders, crane workers and pourers. Summary in English. (65814)

CIS 95-2093 Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations in railroad car painters. Piña-Calva A., Madrigal-Bujaidar E., Fuentes M.V., Neria P., Perez-Lucio C., Velez-Zamora N.M., Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.335-339. 38 ref. ### (In English)

Study conducted on 25 railroad car painters and 25 controls in Mexico. (65852)

CIS 95-2094 Cohort study of silicon carbide production workers. Infante-Rivard C., Dufresne A., Armstrong B., Bouchard P., Thériault G., American Journal of Epidemiology, 1 Dec. 1994, Vol.140, No.11, p.1009-1015. 16 ref. (In English)

Silicon carbide production workers (n=585) from Quebec, Canada, who had worked at any time from 1950-1980 were studied. Follow-up was to the end of 1989, and 167 deaths were observed. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes of death was 1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90-1.23); for nonmalignant respiratory diseases it was 2.03 (95% CI 1.21-3.22); and for lung cancer it was 1.69 (95% CI 1.09-2.52). The risk for nonmalignant respiratory diseases and for lung cancer increased with exposure to total dust. In the highest exposure category, rate ratios (RR) were 4.08 (95% CI 1.11-14.96) for nonmalignant respiratory diseases and 1.67 (95% CI 0.57-4.83) for lung cancer. The power of the study was low, because of small sample size and use of cumulative total dust as the exposure variable. (65731)

CIS 95-2095 A longitudinal study of lung function in jute processing workers. Liu Z., Zhou C., Lou J., Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1992, Vol.47, No.3, p.218-222. Illus. 13 ref. ### (In English)

Five-year follow-up study of pulmonary function in 50 current and retired jute workers and 25 controls in China. (65858)

CIS 95-2096 Mortality of workers employed in shoe manufacturing. Walker J.T., Bloom T.F., Stern F.B., Okun A.H., Fingerhut M.A., Halperin W.E., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1993, Vol.19, No.2, p.89-95. 31 ref. ### (In English)

(65883)

CIS 95-2097 Chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of workers employed in the plywood industry. Kurttio P., Norppa H., Järventaus H., Sorsa M., Kalliokoski P., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1993, vol.19, No.2, p.132-134. 14 ref. ### (In English)

A statistically significant elevation of the frequency of cells with chromatid-type breaks as compared with the corresponding frequency of the referents was observed for the lymphocytes of the wood workers. This confirms the results of previous studies suggesting that wood-drying fumes may be carcinogenic. (65886)

CIS 95-2098 Three-year follow-up study of health conditions among dental technicians. (Japanese: Shika gikoshi no kenko jotai ni kansuru sannen kan ni watarutsuseki chosa) Mori C., Journal of the Kurume Medical Association, 25 Jan. 1995, Vol.58, No.1, p.13-24. Illus. 25 ref. (In Japanese)

To provide detailed data on the health and working conditions of dental technicians in Japan, 39 male members of a professional association responded to questionnaires and underwent medical examinations in 1991 and 1994. The mean working time per day fell from 13.3h to 12.1h. Good health habits (longer sleep, more exercise, less smoking) became more prevalent, but satisfaction decreased. Numbness in the arms and fingers was positively correlated with daily working hours but not with length of career. However, vibrotactile threshold did increase with length of career. The prevalences of cough and sputum were 10% and 20%, respectively. Small opacities were seen in chest x-rays in 20% of the cases; their number increased with length of career. This suggests that dust exposure is responsible for the respiratory symptoms. Further improvements in the working conditions of dental technicians are necessary. (65599)

CIS 95-2099 Self-employed individuals fatally injured at work. Personick M.E., Windau J.A., Monthly Labor Review, Aug. 1995, Vol.118, No.8, p.24-30. 8 ref. (In English)

Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries 1993 were analyzed according to type of incident, industries and occupations involved and the age-group of the worker. Compared with wage and salary workers, the self-employed as a group showed relatively high risks of fatal injuries, partly reflecting their disproportionate employment in hazardous industries and their tendency to be older workers. Homicide was the most common fatal incident reported, followed by nonhighway transportation incidents, highway incidents and being struck by an object. Farmers and shopkeepers showed the highest risk of fatal injury. (65607)

CIS 95-2100 An occupational health study relevant to the prevention of occupational accidents among middle-aged and older workers. (Japanese: Chūkō nenrei sha no rōdō saigai bōshi ni kansuru sangyō igaku teki kenkyū) Une S., Medical Journal of Hiroshima University, 28 Feb. 1992, Vol.40, No.1, p.47-70. Illus. 86 ref. (In Japanese)

In a sample of 341 male workers from two steel companies (ages 18-60 years), 102 had experienced accidents and 239 had not. Regression analysis of the relationship of accidents to various factors showed that age itself was not a simple determinant of accident frequency: loss of concentration was the most important factor. The ability to jump at least 43cm vertically was important for accident avoidance; jump heights 5cm below this threshold gave a relative risk of accident of 1.46. A comparable threshold (25dB) was established for hearing, and a 10dB decrement gave a relative risk of 1.31. Consumption of more than 66.8g of alcohol per day was a contributing factor. There was no correlation of body sway with accident risk. (65600)

CIS 95-2101 Fatal injuries investigated by HM Agricultural Inspectorate 1994-1995. Health and Safety Executive, Field Operations Division, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. v, 57p. Illus. 28 ref. (In English)

This report presents and analyzes statistics on fatal injuries in agriculture, forestry and associated industries in the United Kingdom during the period 1994-1995. Details are provided of total fatalities, trends, types of fatal injuries and numbers of injuries by geographical area, employment status, month and age. Fatal and non-fatal injuries and tractor incidents are also analyzed for the period 1986/87 to 1993/94. A number of accident descriptions are included. (65618)

CIS 95-2102 1994 annual report to the Health and Safety Commission. HM Inspectorate of Mines - Safety in Mines Research Advisory Board, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. 16p. ### (In English)

(65860)

CIS 95-2103 Health promotion in the skilled trades. (German: Gesundheitsförderung im Handwerk) Hauss F., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 117p. Illus. Price: DEM 24.50., ISBN 3-89429-203-2 (In German)

This document is devoted to OSH in small enterprises in the skilled trades. Part I is a report on an investigation of sickness absenteeism among employees of automobile repair establishments in Germany. With an average incidence of 4.45%, sickness absenteeism was lower than in other industries. Employees below the age of 25 were more often absent due to sickness but for fewer days than older employees over 50 years of age. Cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases were most prominent among older employees while injuries and respiratory diseases prevailed among younger ones. Part II consists of practical recommendations for OSH promotion in small enterprises in the skilled trades sector. In annex: sample questionnaire used in the study for Part I. (65831)

CIS 95-2104 Occupational safety in small and medium-sized plants as well as in the skilled trades. (German: Arbeitsschutz in Klein- und Mittelbetrieben sowie im Handwerk) Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1994. 57p. Illus. 7 ref., ISBN 3-89429-492-2 (In German)

Proceedings of the symposium on safety and health organization in small plants including those involving skilled trades, held in 1992 in Dortmund, Germany. Main subjects covered: safety and health training of personnel, plant safety and health organization exemplified by a vehicle repair shop, basic safety and health needs of small plants. (65837)

CIS 95-2105 Dust and noise in the construction process. Ferguson I., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 38p. 43 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-7176-0768-2 (In English)

This report gives advice on methods of eliminating and controlling dust and noise hazards during the construction process by means of the correct specification of materials, components and assembly processes. Contents: definition of terms; principles of risk assessment and control; dust hazards during demolition, grit blasting, asbestos removal, handling loose powders and other activities; noise hazards (noise action levels, effects of noise); methods of avoiding or controlling these hazards; responsibilities of designers, planning supervisors and principal contractors; use of personal protective equipment. (65604)

CIS 95-2106 Occupational health and safety in Hamburg harbour. (German: Sicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz im Hamburger Hafen) Behörde für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, Edition Temmen, Hohlenstr. 21, 20209 Bremen, Germany, 1993. 160p. Illus. 16 ref. Price: DEM 19.90., ISBN 3-86108-222-5 (In German)

Proceedings of a symposium on the health and safety of workers in the harbour of Hamburg, Germany. Subjects addressed include: effects of the lifting and carrying of loads on the musculoskeletal system, hazards involved in the slinging of loads, health hazards caused by exposure to organic dusts and diesel engine emissions, conditions and hazards associated with grain handling and exposure to vibrations and noise (e.g. on fork-lift trucks). (65828)

CIS 95-2107 Report on activities - 1993. (French: Compte rendu d'activités 1993) Institut national de recherche sur les transports et leur sécurité, 2 avenue du Général Malleret-Joinville, 94114 Arcueil Cedex, France, 1994. 123p. Illus. ### (In French)

Annual report on the activities of the French National Institute for Research into Transportation and Transportation Safety. (65859)

CIS 95-2108 Occupational health and safety performance overviews, selected industries. Issue No.4 - Textiles industry. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Mar. 1995. viii, 26p. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

This report highlights potential safety and health problem areas in the Australian textiles industry. Statistics of injury and disease are based on workers' compensation data and are analyzed by occupation, age group and sex, by the nature, bodily location, mechanism and agency of the injury or disease, and by time of accident. Data on compensation costs are included. Fabric production machine operators made the largest number of claims during this period; textile, clothing and footwear machinery was the most common agency; muscular stress during manual lifting and carrying was the most common injury mechanism. (65619)

CIS 95-2109 Requirements concerning the use of hydrocarbons as solvents in dry-cleaning establishments. (German: Anforderungen beim Einsatz von Kohlenwasserstofflösemitteln (KWL) in Chemischreinigungen) Länderausschuss für Immissionsschutz LAI, Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co., Berlin, Germany, 1994. 39p. Illus., ISBN 3-503-03669-5 (In German)

Chlorofluorohydrocarbons, the use of which has been banned in Germany since 1 January 1995, have been replaced in dry-cleaning establishments by aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with 10-12 carbon atoms. Fire- and explosion-prevention measures to be taken by establishments using these hydrocarbons as solvents are outlined. In addition, limitations on the emission of solvents and the disposal of the waste products such as contaminated filters are addressed. The regulations which dry cleaning plants in Germany must comply with are outlined. (65580)

CIS 95-2110 Occupational health and safety performance overviews, selected industries. Issue No.7 - Hospitals, nursing homes and related industries. Foley G., Cole B., National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, July 1995. viii, 34p. 5 ref. (In English)

This report highlights potential safety and health problem areas in Australian hospitals, nursing homes and related industries. Statistics of injury and disease are based on workers' compensation data and are analyzed by occupation, age group and sex, by the nature, bodily location, mechanism and agency of the injury or disease, and by time of accident. Data on compensation costs are included. The most common injury was muscular stress during lifting and carrying patients; nurses and ward helpers experienced the highest incidence rates. (65620)

CIS 95-2111 Cytostatic substances, shiftwork, anaesthetic gases, cleaning personnel - Occupational safety and health in hospitals. (German: Zytostatika, Schichtarbeit, Narkosegase, Reinigungskraft - Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz im Krankenhaus) Behörde für Arbeit, Gesundheit und Soziales der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, Edition Temmen, Hohlenstr. 21, 28209 Bremen, Germany, 1994. 143p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 19.90., ISBN 3-86108-224-1 (In German)

This is a report of a conference on the occupational hazards of hospital work and their prevention. Subjects covered: preparation and use of cytostatic substances; hazards of shiftwork (survey of various kinds of worktime planning); exposure of anaesthesia, operating theatre and nursing staff to anaesthetic gases; protection of cleaning staff (including the main provisions of a new directive on cleaning adopted by the Hamburg Hospital Administration (LBK)). (65829)

CIS 95-2112 The artist's complete health and safety guide. Rossol M., Allworth Press, 10 East 23rd Street, New York, NY 10010, USA, 2nd ed., 1994. 343p. Illus. 22 ref. Index. Price: USD 19.95., ISBN 1-880559-18-8 (In English)

This manual provides guidance on the safe use of potentially toxic materials by art and craft workers and teachers. Contents: legislation in the USA and Canada (hazard communication and the right-to-know); health hazards of art and craft materials; chemical health hazards and their control (inhalation hazards, exposure standards); physical hazards and their control (noise, vibration, radiation, overuse injuries); identifying hazardous materials (labels, material safety data sheets); general precautions; ventilation; respiratory protection; artists' raw materials (solvents, pigments and dyes, metals and metal compounds, minerals, plastics); precautions for individual media; teaching art (classroom safety). (65638)

CIS 95-2113 Research results for practical use - Safe organization of welding workplaces. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Einrichtung von Schweisswerkstätten unter Arbeitsschutzaspekten) Grothe G., Kramume G., et al., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1993. 20p. 19 ref. (In German)

Contents of this information note: introduction; scope; hazards and exposures during welding work; preparation of workpieces; layout of welding workplaces; gas and electricity supply; limits of welding workplaces; welding work stations; tools and machinery; judicial overview (ordinances, directives and rules: ASR, TRAC, TRB, TRGS, UVV, ZH) and list of relevant standards (DIN and others) applicable in Germany. (65827)

CIS 95-2114 Research results for practical use - Working conditions and hygiene in the German deep-see fishing industry. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Arbeits- und Gesundheitsbedingungen in der deutschen Hochseefischerei) Harbrecht J.P., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1992. 12p. 20 ref. (In German)

Principal themes of this information note: introduction; safety considerations during shipping boat construction (seaworthiness, protection against waves, storage for fishing gear, cranes, noise protection (fans installed on the fishing deck, winches, work rooms, fish treatment rooms), machine rooms); technical and ergonomical improvements in fish treatment and storage; fall protection (head protection, communication with the bridge, foot protection, protective clothing and gloves, safety belts, lifejackets, immobilization of fishing gear during repairs). (65824)

CIS 95-2115 Research results for practical use - Design of workstations and workplaces in automobile repair shops. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Gestaltung von Arbeitsplätzen und Arbeitsumgebung in Kfz-Werkstätten) Bolay C., Kelter J., Lorenz D., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1993. 16p. Illus. 22 ref. (In German)

Main topics covered in this information note: introduction; workstations (design, inspection and repair pits, workbench, work equipment, other recommendations); workplaces (lighting - recommendations for various activities (e.g. repairs/maintenance: 300Lux, inspection: 750Lux), colours used for the walls and other surfaces, noise and vibration control, microclimate and air quality, workplace design (ergonomics, organizational and safety criteria), repair shop with parts service included, body shops, paint shops); the working environment. (65823)

CIS 95-2116 Managing health and safety pays in the catering industry. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1995. 2p. (In English)

This information sheet describes how employers in small catering establishments can meet their legal obligations regarding health and safety. The need for health and safety management is outlined along with management responsibilities (identifying and avoiding risks, employee training, employee consultation), the role of enforcement officers, basic legal principles, and assistance available from the Health and Safety Executive. (65611)

CIS 95-2117 Health and safety training pays in the catering industry - Guidance for owners and managers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1995. 4p. 10 ref. (In English)

This information sheet describes how employers in catering establishments can meet their legal obligations regarding provision of health and safety information and training to employees. The need for training is outlined along with levels of training required, when to train (induction, reinforcement and ongoing training), contents of training courses for all staff and for managers and supervisors, and assistance available from the Health and Safety Executive. (65612)

CIS 95-2118 Safety in meatcutting establishments and butcher shops. (German: Sicherheit in Fleischereien) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Abteilung für Unfallverhütung und Berufskrankheitenbekämpfung, Adalbert-Stifter-Strasse 65, 1200 Wien, Austria, May 1993. 19p. Illus. 13 ref. (In German)

Safety guide for employers and workers who cut and process meat. Machines such as cutters, grinders and sausage stuffers should be fitted with appropriate guards and interlock switches. Manual operations such as trimming and boning should be done with proper methods and protective equipment. The sales room poses special risks due to the limited space behind the counter and the pressure imposed by clients. (65819)

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CIS 95-2119 Visual dysfunction among former microelectronics assembly workers. Mergler D., Huel G., Bowler R., Frenette B., Cone J., Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.326-334. 57 ref. ### (In English)

Study conducted on 54 former microelectronics workers and 54 controls in the United States. (65851)

CIS 95-2120 Immunity from electromagnetic interference of human presence detectors. (French: Immunité de détecteurs électroniques de personnel aux perturbations électromagnétiques) Klein R., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1992-159-95, p.251-264. Illus. 11 ref. (In French)

Three families of devices were tested: perimetric detectors, proximetric detectors and area detectors. They were subjected to radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference and to electrostatic discharges. Immunity levels were found to vary considerably. The low levels recorded for some devices disqualify them for use from industrial process control/command functions. The devices that gave the best results were those that had been in use for a relatively long time and used confirmed and well-tried technologies. (65787)

CIS 95-2121 Design of workplaces with industrial robots. (German: Gestaltung von Industrieroboterarbeitszellen und -bereichen) Nicolaisen P., Kaun R., Krockenberger O., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 364p. 27 ref. Illus. Price: DEM 53.00., ISBN 3-89429-184-2 (In German)

From observations in small and medium-sized plants, five different types of robots are distinguished. General guidelines for the identification of accident hazards and the safe design of these robots are presented. Ten robot workstation designs, including enclosures and the surrounding work areas, are described in detail. Practical examples of the safe design of man-robot interfaces, such as material input, product output and quality control, are given. (65832)

CIS 95-2122 Methodology for simultaneous robot system safety design. Kuivanen R., Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT Information Service, P.O. Box 2000, 022044 VTT, Finland, 1995. 157p. Illus. 105 ref. Price: FIM 235.00., ISBN 951-38-4657-1 (In English)

This thesis presents a methodology based on new software tools (3D animation models) for the safety design of an industrial robot system. Results of safety analyses based on these models were compared with those of the actual robot systems built; decisions made by designers and robot users concerning safety and production were evaluated; and the recommendations of robot safety standards were tested under realistic conditions simulated in the laboratory. Case studies supported the hypothesis that the new software tools can effectively be applied to the safety design of a robot system. (65588)

CIS 95-2123 Ergonomics of support systems for the operation of complex industrial processes. (French: Ergonomie des aides à la conduite de processus industriels complexes - Etude préliminaire) Grosjean V., Allay M., Fadier E., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1994. 3 vols. (117+91+37p.) Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. (In French)

Contents of this three-volume manual: 1 (Grosjean) - Literature survey: survey of research design and practices concerning cognitive ergonomics in the domain of operation support systems; operation of complex industrial processes; functional models of support systems; partial support systems; evolution of complex support systems; design and evaluation methods for support tools. 2 (Grosjean) - Results of a survey of designers and users of support systems: overview of present-day support tools and supervision practices; details concerning advance operational tools (expert systems); annex (survey questionnaires in detail). 3 (Allay, Grosjean, Fadier) - Simulated study of an industrial process operations system: aims of the study; general characteristics of the graphic interface of a supervision system; description of the graphic software system SIMULATIX; preparation of the application interface; problems encountered. (65578)

CIS 95-2124 Ergonomics of the operation of industrial processes. (French: Ergonomie de la conduite des processus industriels) Hoc J.M., Bès M.O., Moulin L., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1994. 4 vols. (74+30+31+37p.) Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Contents of this four-volume manual: 1 (Hoc) - Cognitive functioning of human operators in the running/supervision of dynamic environments: A theoretical approach (cognitive typology of dynamic situations; regulatory levels of the activity; knowledge representation; strategies and procedures). 2 (Hoc, Bès) - Survey of experimental studies of "dynamic microworld" simulated situations (activity control levels, cognitive dimensions of situations, ecological validity, principal dynamic microworlds in existence). 3 (Hoc, Moulin) - Experiments in simulated situations: effects of process speed on planning strategies in the management of a dynamic microworld (process speed; the Newfire microworld; calibrating training - a pre-experiment in response delay; training; experimentation). 4 (Hoc) - Cognitive analysis of human errors: consequences for the ergonomics of highly-automated systems (example of an accident - where is the error?; from human reliability to cognitive control; types and forms of error; cognitive ergonomics of the reliability of man-machine systems). (65579)

CIS 95-2125 Research results for practical use - Diversification of office and administrative tasks in the context of the introduction of new technologies. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Mischarbeit in Büro und Verwaltung beim Einsatz neuer Technologien: Teil 1; Teil 2; Teil 3) Krüger D., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1992. 14+16+16p. Illus. 63 ref. (In German)

This series of three information notes covers: 1) text processing and secretarial work; 2) multi-stage work organization; 3) schematized work organization. Principal themes covered by each of these documents: introduction; diversification of tasks; principles relating to planning, productivity, stress and strain in function of the organizational plan adopted. This guidance document was adopted as the result of the report Forschungsbericht n°45 published under the title "Mischarbeit im Büro- und Verwaltungbereich beim Einsatz neuer Technologien". (65826)

CIS 95-2126 Visual display terminals: Recommendations for the ergonomic design of work stations. (Spanish: Pantallas de visualización: Recomendaciones para el diseño ergonómico de los puestos de trabajo) Sanz Merinero J.A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, C/Torrelaguna, 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1995. 27p. Illus., ISBN 84-7425-426-4 (In Spanish)

Contents of this ergonomic recommendation: main features of microcomputer equipment; physical design of work stations; the physical work environment (lighting, noise, thermal and humidity conditions, electrostatic fields); job design for workplaces with VDUs. These Recommendations are based on Standards ISO 9241 and EN 29241. (65529)

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CIS 95-2127 Evaluation and reduction of risk in buildings with sprayed asbestos. (French: Evaluer et réduire les risques dans les immeubles floqués à l'amiante) Pezerat H., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.374-384. 47 ref. (In French)

Within the European Union, several million people have weak to moderate levels of exposure to asbestos in buildings with sprayed asbestos. Recent data reveal that even exposure to low levels of asbestos may be responsible for a substantial number of pleural pathologies (e.g. mesotheliomas, fibrosis). Thus, it appears necessary to elaborate - if possible at the EC level - a strategy to define the areas at risk, based on inspection records of the buildings concerned, with a statement as to the principal factors potentially responsible for the release of asbestos. Information and hazard analysis may then permit a gradual approach to risk reduction, including the implementation in each building of a programme designed to prevent peak exposures, in particular during cleaning, renovation and maintenance activities. (65493)

CIS 95-2128 Updating the epidemiology of asbestos disease. Medicina del lavoro, Sep.-Oct. 1995, Vol.86, No.5, p.383-500 (whole issue). Illus. 293 ref. (In English)

This whole issue was devoted to the proceedings of the Irving J. Selikoff Scientific Conference (Annual Ramazzini Days) held 30 Oct. 1994 in Carpi (Italy). In addition to recent epidemiological data on asbestos-related disease in various countries (USA, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Germany, Japan and China), the following topics were covered: role of the pathologist in the evaluation of mesothelioma as a risk indicator of asbestos exposure; uses and risks of and exposure to chrysotile and crocidolite in Israel; mesothelioma following exposure to asbestos in Italian railroads and sugar refineries; ignored (i.e. little-known) occupational risks of asbestos mesotheliomas; results of asbestos mineralogical analysis as indicators of carcinogenic risks; European multicentric case-control study on the risk of non-occupational exposure to asbestos. (65715)

CIS 95-2129 Airborne irritant contact dermatitis from metal dust adhering to semisynthetic working suits. Hafner J., Rüegger M., Kralicek P., Elsner P., Contact Dermatitis, May 1995, Vol.32, No.5, p.285-288. Illus. 6 ref. (In English)

Two workers at an aircraft factory were employed in a plasma spraying unit. Soon after they were equipped with new semisynthetic working suits, they started to complain of pruritic eruptions following heavy exposure to metal dust. Clinical findings consisted of discrete macular and papular lesions on the ventral and medial thighs. Atopy score, IgE level and a standard series of prick tests ruled out atopic disposition. Patch tests revealed no reactions. A diagnosis of occupational airborne irritant contact dermatitis from metal dust was therefore made. To elucidate the role of the working suit, extensive physical investigations of the physical properties of the textile were performed. Microscopic pictures at low magnification showed more dust particles on the semisynthetic working suit, compared with the former pure cotton suit. When use of the semisynthetic overall was discontinued, the patients reported no recurrence. The two reported cases show that the physical properties of the textiles of working suits can be of interest and should be considered in the management of dust-induced irritant contact dermatitis. (65729)

CIS 95-2130 The occupational physician's point of view: The model of man-made vitreous fibers. Brochard P., Pairon J.C., Bignon J., Environmental Health Perspectives, Oct. 1994, Vol.102, Suppl.5, p.31-36. 39 ref. (In English)

This article describes the procedure the occupational physician uses in interpreting scientific data to provide useful information for the prevention of pulmonary diseases related to man-made mineral fibres, particularly lung cancer and mesothelioma. Concerning animal data, adequate inhalation studies are the "gold standard" for extrapolating to humans. However, experiments using intracavitary injection or cells in vitro may represent indicative tests for a possible carcinogenic effect. Such tests should be used to assess the intrinsic carcinogenicity of fibres, but they must be confirmed by adequate inhalation models. A proposal is made that could make it possible to classify fibres according to their toxicologic potential, grading them in accordance with physicochemical parameters, in vitro testing and animal experiments. This procedure may be applicable to nonvitreous fibres and to organic fibres. (65748)

CIS 95-2131 Selected papers from the Biopersistence of Respirable Synthetic Fibers and Minerals conference, Sept. 7-9, 1992, Lyon, France. Environmental Health Perspectives, Oct. 1994, Vol.102, Suppl.5, p.221-275. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

A collection of papers on the following topics: the epidemiological significance of mineral fibre persistence in lung tissue; biopersistence of man-made vitreous silicate fibres in the lung; chrysotile biopersistence in the lungs of persons in the general population and exposed workers; influence of particle size and chemical composition on efficiency of clearance mechanisms; lung content analysis of cases occupationally exposed to chrysotile asbestos; environmental asbestotic pleural plaques in northeast Corsica; retention of asbestos fibres in the human body; comparative analysis of inhaled particles contained in human bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, lung parenchyma and lymph nodes; fibre levels and disease in workers from a factory predominantly using amosite; biopersistence of the mineral matter of coal mine dusts in silicotic human lungs; biopersistence of nonfibrous mineral particles in the respiratory tracts of subjects following occupational exposure. (65749)

CIS 95-2132 Presence of stable coal radicals in autopsied coal miners' lungs and its possible correlation to coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Dalal N.S., Jafari B., Petersen M., Green F.H.Y., Vallyathan V., Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.366-372. Illus. 23 ref. ### (In English)

Study of the lung tissue of 98 coal miners with and without pneumoconiosis, cancer and a history of cigarette smoking. (65855)

CIS 95-2133 Lobe of origin of lung cancer among asbestos-exposed patients with or without diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Karjalainen A., Antilla S., Heikkilä L., Kyyrönen P., Vainio H., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Apr. 1993, Vol.19, No.2, p.102-107. 31 ref. ### (In English)

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CIS 95-2134 Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to lead - Precautions during sampling, analysis and interpretation of data on blood lead levels. (French: Surveillance biologique de l'exposition professionnelle au plomb: précautions de prélèvement, d'analyse et interprétation des résultats de plombémie) Pillière F., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd Quarter 1994, No.59, p.267-270. (In French)

In France, medical surveillance of workers exposed to lead must satisfy the conditions of the order of 15 Sep. 1988 implementing article No.16 of Decree No.88-120 of 1 Feb. 1988. This decree, relating to the protection of workers exposed to metallic lead and its compounds, requires that employers must use the services of an organism licensed for this kind of activity to monitor exposure by atmospheric sampling and biological surveillance. (65494)

CIS 95-2135 Mortality study of workers occupationally exposed to chloroprene. (French: Etude de mortalité dans le cadre d'une exposition professionnelle au chloroprène) Romazini S., Laydevant G., Lutz J.M., Colonna M., Menegoz F., Archives des maladies professionnelles, de médecine du travail et de sécurité sociale, 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.721-725. Illus. 9 ref. (In French)

This retrospective study focuses on the mortality among workers (599 men and 61 women) exposed to chloroprene for at least two years, between 1966 and 1989. Of the 660 subjects included, 18 were lost to follow-up. Vital status in 1989 was known for 642 subjects: there were 32 deaths. Cohort mortality was compared with the mortality observed within the same area among the general population using the standard mortality rate (SMR). No excess mortality was observed for workers employed in the factory when compared with the general population. However, an increase in mortality risk was observed for factory workers exposed during the earlier years of the study period when compared with those exposed later on. A nested case-control study enabled a clearer observation of this excess risk among subjects exposed prior to 1977 when compared with those exposed during the latter half of the observation period, which is compatible with the development of protective measures for exposed workers. To determine more exactly the nature of this positive association (period effect or duration of exposure effect), further studies are necessary to analyze morbidity and mortality from cancer and to determine the possible carcinogenic effects of chloroprene. (65495)

CIS 95-2136 The DuPont Imron® studies: An example of possible misrepresentation of data in the industrial hygiene literature. Durand K.T.H., Egilman D.S., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.817-825. 33 ref. Editor's comments, p.815-816; rebuttal on p.826-829. (In English)

Opinion article (not peer reviewed) commenting on a 1985 article by Vasta J.F. in the same journal ("Respirator cartridge evaluation for isocyanate containing Imron® and Cantari® enamels", see CIS 85-785). It is claimed that the original article contained intentionally misleading information suggesting that air-purifying respirators provided adequate protection against isocyanate-based paints (data suggesting the opposite are claimed having been suppressed). The manufacturer employing the researcher in question stood to gain significantly from results supporting this hypothesis. The Editor's comments preceding the article discuss the ethical issues involved. The rebuttal by Krivanek N.D. (p.826-829) defends the integrity of the original research article and its author and questions the motives of the authors of the present article. (65506)

CIS 95-2137 Aliphatic nitro hydrocarbons (nitroalkanes and nitroparaffins). (French: Dérivés nitrés des hydrocarbures aliphatiques (nitroalcanes ou nitroparaffines)) Gehanno J.F., Avignon M., Kamal A., Caillard J.F., Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale, 1st Quarter 1995, No.106. 5p. 43 ref. (In French)

Information note on nitroparaffins (nitroalkanes), of which only a few are of use to industry. Tables present chemical and physical properties of five of these substances as well as their exposure limits (French VME and US TLV-TWA values). Further information: nitromethane, nitroethane - no epidemiological evidence for carcinogenicity; 1-nitropropane - no evidence exists for carcinogenicity or teratogenicity in man; 2-nitropropane - IARC Class IIB (potential carcinogen), TLV (STEL): 10ppm (35mg/m³); tetranitromethane - ACGIH Class A2 (potential carcinogen), TLV (TWA): 0.05ppm (0.4mg/m³). (65577)

CIS 95-2138 Immunologic contact urticaria due to airborne methylhexahydrophthalic and methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydrides. Tarvainen K., Jolanki R., Estlander T., Tupasela O., Pfäffli P., Kanerva L., Contact Dermatitis, Apr. 1995, Vol.32, No.4, p.204-209. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

Phthalic anhydrides used as hardeners for epoxy resins are known to cause respiratory irritancy and allergy. Skin allergy has on rare occasions been reported. Two workers developed urticaria on uncovered skin after 2 months airborne exposure to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride. Later, the patients also developed conjunctivitis, rhinitis, sore throat or asthma. Both patients' immediate allergy to these anhydrides was proved by different tests. On prick testing, both patients also reacted to phthalic anhydride. The patients had developed airborne contact urticaria, in addition to respiratory allergy, due to phthalic anhydrides. (65730)

CIS 95-2139 Porphyrin studies in TCDD-exposed workers. Jung D., Konietzko J., Reill-Konietzko G., Muttray A., Zimmermann-Hölz H.J., Doss M., Beck H., Edler L., Kopp-Schneider A., Archives of Toxicology, 1994, Vol.68, No.9, p.595-598. 18 ref. (In English)

2,3,7,8,-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to inhibit uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity resulting in chronic hepatic porphyria. From a cross-sectional study of 170 workers in the chemical industry 68 showed elevated coproporphyrin levels, interpreted as secondary coproporphyrinuria. Three persons suffered from chronic hepatic porphyria in subclinical stages. None of the workers showed an overt porphyria cutanea tarda. A low-grade zinc protoporphyrinaemia was observed in three persons. Forty-three of the 170 workers were evaluable for investigating the effect of TCDD on porphyrin levels. No significant correlation was found between TCDD concentration in adipose tissue and the level of uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin. The influence of a chloracne history is described. (65737)

CIS 95-2140 Genotoxic risk for humans due to work place exposure to ethylene oxide: Remarkable individual differences in susceptibility. Fuchs J., Wullenweber U., Hengstler J.G., Bienfait H.G., Hiltl G., Oesch F., Archives of Toxicology, 1994, Vol.68, No.6, p.343-348. 36 ref. Illus. (In English)

Single strand breaks of DNA of peripheral mononuclear blood cells from 97 workers exposed to ethylene oxide were analyzed by the alkaline elution method. The maximum concentration of ethylene oxide detected in the air was 16.5mg/m³ calculated as 4-h time-weighted average (4h TWA). Compared to the mean elution rate of the DNA from non-smoking workers exposed to air concentrations of ethylene oxide below the detection limit of 0.1mg/m³ (4h TWA) the non-smokers working in rooms with a concentration of ethylene oxide between 0.5mg/m³ and 2mg/m³ showed a statistically significant (P<0.05) 119% higher mean elution rate and even for the non-smokers exposed to 0.1-0.5mg/m³ of ethylene oxide a statistically significant (P<0.05) 53% higher mean elution rate was observed. In the majority of the non-smokers (67%) approximately 5-fold more DNA strand breaks were induced by ethylene oxide than in the other non-smokers. (65738)

CIS 95-2141 Toxicology of selected nitric oxide-donating xenobiotics, with particular reference to azide. Smith R.P., Wilcox D.E., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Oct. 1994, Vol.24, No.4, p.355-377. 129 ref. (In English)

Although nitric oxide (NO) is responsible for a variety of normal physiological functions, it has also been implicated in several pathophysiological processes. Recently, a variety of xenobiotics have been shown to owe their biological activity in vivo to their biotransformation to NO. As reviewed here, NO does not appear to contribute importantly to the toxicity of NO donors nitrite, hydroxylamine or nitroprusside. However, it is not clear if NO generated in vivo from sodium azide contributes in a major way to its toxicity. Some evidence suggests a tendency for azide to produce low-grade cumulative toxicity. Azide is widely used as a preservative in aqueous laboratory reagents and as a propellant in automobile air bags and aircraft escape chutes. To protect workers who handle these devices and others who may come into contact with the sodium azide propellant in these systems, the rudimentary knowledge of azide toxicity needs to be expanded. (65743)

CIS 95-2142 Styrene production, use, and human exposure. Miller R.R., Newhook R., Poole A., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Oct. 1994, Vol.24, Suppl., p.S1-S10. 48 ref. (In English)

Styrene is an extremely important commodity chemical used extensively in the manufacture of numerous polymers and copolymers, including polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), styrene-butadiene latex, and styrene-butadiene rubber. It is a component of cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust, and it may occur naturally at low levels in various types of foods. The highest potential human exposures to styrene occur in occupational settings, particularly those involving the production of large glass-reinforced polyester products such as boats, which require manual lay-up and spray-up operations. Substantially lower occupational exposures occur in styrene monomer and polymer production facilities. The general public is exposed to very low concentrations of styrene in ambient air, indoor air, food and drinking water. (65744)

CIS 95-2143 The neuroepidemiology of styrene: A critical review of representative literature. Rebert C.S., Hall T.A., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Oct. 1994, Vol.24, Suppl., p.S57-S106. 162 ref. (In English)

Several studies of workers exposed to styrene for up to 30 years have been undertaken in factories worldwide. Epidemiologists have suggested that neurophysical deficits such as slowing of reaction time, loss of colour vision and vestibulo-oculomotor dysfunction are reliably induced by styrene at levels near or below current exposure standards. However, the workers so studied were always described as healthy, and the effects noted were considered to be subclinical. A detailed evaluation of much of the neuroepidemiological literature on styrene, however, indicated that the findings were, almost universally, false positive outcomes due to (1) type I statistical error, (2) the action of another factor, and (3) misinterpretation of data. Despite the study of workers exposed for many years, no indications of persisting nervous system damage were evident from this review. The conclusions of this review are consistent with those based on critical reviews of the solvent literature in general. (65745)

CIS 95-2144 Epidemiological studies of styrene-exposed populations. Coggon D., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, Oct. 1994, Vol.24, Suppl., p.S107-S115. 21 ref. (In English)

Several cohort studies of occupationally exposed populations have suggested that workers exposed to styrene in the chemical industry have increased mortality from lymphatic and haematopoietic cancer. However, this finding has not been consistent and has not been reproduced in studies of reinforced plastics manufacturers, whose exposures to styrene are generally higher. The explanation for the observed associations may therefore be confounding by concomitant exposures to other chemicals such as benzene and butadiene, which are not used in the reinforced plastics industry. Despite their large size, the published studies of mortality and cancer incidence lack the statistical power to rule out an important hazard from long-term exposure to high (>50ppm) airborne concentrations of styrene. However, they indicate that any risk of cancer from lower levels of exposure is likely to be small. (65746)

CIS 95-2145 Epidemiology of cancer from exposure to arylamines. Vineis P., Environmental Health Perspectives, Oct. 1994, Vol.102, Suppl.6, p.7-10. 19 ref. (In English)

Occupational exposure to certain arylamines is associated with exceptionally elevated risks of bladder cancer. In one plant, all 15 workers involved in distilling naphthylamine developed bladder cancer. More recently, exposure to other arylamines also has been suggested to increase the risk of bladder cancer in humans. In addition, cohort and case-control studies suggest that several job titles or exposures may involve elevated risks of bladder cancer. Some of these jobs or exposures are associated with exposure to arylamines. Arylamines are also found in tobacco smoke, and some evidence suggests this can explain the risk of bladder cancer, which has been shown clearly in smokers. Epidemiologic analyses of timing of exposure in workers exposed to arylamines or in air-cured tobacco smokers suggest that arylamines exert both an early- and late-stage activity, compatible with a two-mutation theory of bladder carcinogenesis. (65747)

CIS 95-2146 Development of a method for measuring exposure to resin acids in solder fume. Pengelly M.I., Groves J.A., Foster R.D., Ellwood P.A., Wagg R.M., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Oct. 1994, Vol.38, No.5, p.765-776. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

A method for measuring personal exposure to the resin acids released from rosin core solder wire during soldering is described. The particulate fraction of the solder fume is collected on a membrane filter and the resin acids recovered by solvent extraction with ether. After evaporation of the solvent and methylation, the resin acid esters are analyzed by gas chromatography. To test the method, field comparisons were carried out between paired samplers located in the traditional position on the operator's lapel and in a position close to the breathing zone. In most cases, the exposure measured near the breathing zone was at least twice that measured on the lapel. The method can be easily adapted to measure volatile components of the fume also. (65778)

CIS 95-2147 Biological monitoring of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (French: La surveillance biologique de l'exposition aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques) Viau C., Vyskocil A., Bouchard M., Carrier G., Travail et santé, June 1995, Vol.11, No.2, p.S7-S11. Illus. 28 ref. (In French)

Estimation of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be complicated by the difficulty to evaluate accurately the absorbed dose associated with certain industrial processes. Two approaches of biological monitoring of exposure to PAHs were studied: (1) the measure of adducts formed between an electrophilic metabolite of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), the diolepoxide (BaPDE), and haemoglobin or albumin, and (2) the measurement of hydroxylated metabolites of pyrene or BaP in urine. Studies in animals and humans indicate that (1) the measurement of adducts appears adequate for the biological monitoring of exposure to electrophilic compounds when concentrations are sufficiently important and (2) in the case of PAHs, the measurement of hydroxylated metabolites in urine appears to be a useful indicator of exposure to these contaminants. (65790)

CIS 95-2148 Occupational exposure limits for chemical substances in Israel. Lemesch K., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.33-34. (In English)

The ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle encounters in Israel less opposition than elsewhere; as a result, for some substances the TLV values adopted in Israel are different (usually lower) than the values recommended by ACGIH. Examples of such substances are (in parentheses - the Israeli TLV/TWA): benzene (0.6ppm); styrene (20ppm); 1,1,1-trichloroethane (200ppm); vinyl chloride (1ppm). In addition, there are substances for which there is no ACGIH-recommended value, but there is an Israeli TLV, e.g., kerosene (100mg/m³ TLV/TWA); isoflurane (2ppm, ceiling), and hard metals (0.2mg/m³, TLV/TWA). (65796)

CIS 95-2149 Biosensor applications for pesticide monitoring. Part 1. Combined electrochemical-microgravimetric biosensor and its application for pesticides detection and measurement. Ilan O., Rishpon J., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.57-74. Illus. 34 ref. (In English)

A combined electrochemical-microgravimetric system based on the use of enzymatic reactions (employing the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme) was able to measure an organophosphorus insecticide (DDVP or Dichlorvos) at concentrations much lower than the ACGIH-recommended Threshold Limit Value. For instance, good reproductibility was obtained at 50% enzyme inhibition, and the sensitivity for DDVP was as low as 1x10^-5 mole/L in an aqueous phase. The enzyme electrode showed good regeneration behaviour, and the use of the combined method greatly improved the reliability of the measurements. The use of enzyme-electrode measurements in occupational hygiene measurements is discussed. (65798)

CIS 95-2150 Exposure to solvents in work with industrial contact adhesives. Aladjem A., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995, Vol.1, No.1, p.75-90. 71 ref. (In English)

A review. The current ban on the use of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which has in the past few decades been one of the major solvents for industrial contact adhesives has prompted adhesive manufacturers and users to intensify the search for substitutes, preferably water-based ones. However, it has at the same time led to a partial return to the use of more hazardous adhesives, e.g. ones based on mixtures or organic solvents, which are both highly flammable and more toxic. The occupational hazards associated with solvents of different types are summarized, and problems encountered in Israel with the adoption of water-based glues in industry are reported. (65799)

CIS 95-2151 Spectrophotometric method for monitoring concentrations of some aromatic hydrocarbons in the calibration of indicator tubes. (Bulgarian: Spektrofotometričen metod za kontrol na koncentracijata na njakoi aromatni văglevodorodi pri kalibrovkata na indikatorni trăbički) Panova N., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.191-198. Illus. 6 ref. (In Bulgarian)

A modified spectrophotometric method is proposed for determining the concentrations of xylene, toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene and chlorobenzene in air. The method was introduced to verify concentrations of these aromatic hydrocarbons for the calibration of the indicator tubes which are now being produced in Bulgaria. There are possible applications in other areas, but further studies would be needed. The proposed method satisfies accuracy and reproducibility requirements and successfully replaces the gas-chromatographic and IR-spectroscopic methods. Summary in English. (65818)

CIS 95-2152 Sleep disturbances and exposure to organic solvents. Lindelof B., Almkvist O., Göthe C.J., Archives of Environmental Health, Mar.-Apr. 1992, Vol.47, No.2, p.104-106. 12 ref. ### (In English)

A significant correlation between solvent exposure and sleep disturbances was found in this Swedish case-control study of 112 solvent-exposed people with health disturbances and 99 controls. (65856)

CIS 95-2153 Kinetics of mercury in blood and urine after brief occupational exposure. Barregård L., Sällsten G., Schütz A., Attewell R., Skerfving S., Järvholm B., Archives of Environmental Health, May-June 1992, Vol.47, No.3, p.176-184. Illus. 29 ref. ### (In English)

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CIS 95-2154 Persistent reactive airway dysfunction syndrome after exposure to chrome salts. (Japanese: Kuromu san'en bakuro go ni mirareta reactive airway dysfunction syndrome no rinsho zo) Nagasaka Y., Nakano N., Tohda Y., Nakajima S., Japanese Journal of Thoracic Diseases, July 1995, Vol.33, No.7, p.759-764. Illus. 16 ref. (In Japanese)

First report of reactive airway dysfunction syndrome (RADS) after exposure to chrome salts. A man was admitted to a hospital because of wheezing and dyspnoea that began 20 minutes after accidental exposure to dust containing chrome ore, coke and bentonite at a chrome pellet manufacturing plant. A skin test and inhalation challenge with chromite (Cr₂O₃) were positive. The patient met all the clinical criteria of RADS, including onset of symptoms very soon after a single exposure, persistence of asthmatic symptoms, obstructive pulmonary dysfunction and airway hyperreactivity to methacholine. Asthmatic symptoms have persisted for eight years, and require the use of systemic steroids as well as inhaled steroids and bronchodilators. (65597)

CIS 95-2155 The prevention of nickel contact dermatitis: A review of the use of binding agents and barrier creams. Gawkrodger D.J., Healy J., Howe A.M., Contact Dermatitis, May 1995, Vol.32, No.5, p.257-265. Illus. 54 ref. (In English)

Chelating agents and other substances can be used to bind nickel or reduce its penetration through the skin and hence to reduce the symptoms of nickel sensitivity. Topical usage is mostly described but chelating agents are also used systemically. The most effective ligand for nickel has been proved to be 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol (clioquinol). Although normally regarded as safe, its usage in some situations may be limited by concerns about its toxicity. Other ligands with demonstrable effect include EDTA, diphenylglyoxime and dimethylglyoxime. Cation exchange resins can effectively bind nickel and work through the skin. Corticosteroids and cyclosporin work in nickel dermatitis by suppressing the immunological reaction rather than through an effect on nickel. Studies of the oral administration of ligands have given conflicting results. Further work is required to develop the existing agents and to look at the use of novel combinations. (65727)

CIS 95-2156 Parental exposure to pesticides and risk of Wilms' tumor in Brazil. Sharpe C.R., Franco E.L., Camargo B., Lopes L.F., Barreto J.H., Johnsson R.R., Mauad M.A., American Journal of Epidemiology, 1 Feb. 1995, Vol.141, No.3, p.210-217. 27 ref. (In English)

Wilms' tumour is one of the most common abdominal childhood malignancies. The authors collected information on relevant occupational exposures by interviewing the parents of 109 Wilms' tumour cases admitted to hospitals in 4 Brazilian cities. Also interviewed were the parents of 218 age- and sex-matched control children admitted to the same or nearby hospitals. Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for income and education were calculated by conditional logistic regression. Consistently elevated risks were seen for farm work involving frequent use of pesticides by both the father (OR=3.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-9.0) and the mother (OR=128.6, 95% CI 6.4-2,569). These risk elevations were restricted to cases diagnosed after 2 years of age (ORs > 4), for paternal exposure, and after 4 years of age (OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.2-98.8), for maternal exposure. Risk elevations were also more pronounced among boys than among girls. (65734)

CIS 95-2157 A perspective on benzene leukemogenesis. Snyder R., Kalf G.F., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, July 1994, Vol.24, No.3, p.177-209. 278 ref. (In English)

This review focuses on several of the problems facing investigators who study the mechanism of benzene-induced leukaemogenesis. Benzene metabolism is reviewed with the aim of suggesting metabolites that may play a role in the aetiology of the disease. The formation of DNA adducts and their potential significance are analyzed. The clastogenic activity of benzene is discussed both in terms of biomarkers of exposure and as a potential indication of leukaemogenesis. The significance of chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchange, micronucleus formation and chromosomal translocations is discussed. The mutagenic activity of benzene metabolites is reviewed and benzene is placed in perspective as a leukaemogen with other carcinogens. Finally, a pathway from benzene exposure to eventual leukaemia is discussed in terms of biological mechanisms, the role of cytokines and related factors, latency and expression of leukaemia. (65742)

CIS 95-2158 Occupational exposures to Cd, Ni, and Cr modulate titers of antioxidized DNA base autoantibodies. Frenkel K., Karkoszka J., Cohen B., Barański B., Jakubowski M., Cosma G., Taioli E., Toniolo P., Environmental Health Perspectives, Sep. 1994, Vol.102, Suppl.3, p.221-225. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

The study determined whether occupational exposures to derivatives of carcinogenic metals evoke inflammatory immune responses, as determined by the presence of elevated titres of antibodies (Ab) that recognize oxidized DNA bases. The oxidized thymidine [5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (HMdU)] coupled to bovine serum albumin was used as an antigen. Titres of anti-HMdU Ab were significantly elevated in the high cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) exposure groups (18.3 ± 3.2 vs. 10.8 ± 2.1 A492/µL). The Ab titres present in the sera of controls for Cd and Ni exposures appear to be constant regardless of the protein content. In contrast, both lightly and heavily exposed subjects exhibited Ab titres that increased with increasing protein content. The anti-HMdU titres of 12 workers wearing personal monitors showed a significant difference between the groups with light and heavy exposures to Cd (9.8 ± 3.7 vs. 22.1 ± 3.7 A492/µL) and Ni (11.7 ± 1.4 vs. 31.0 ± 1.8) (65750)

CIS 95-2159 Multiple chemical sensitivities - New paradigm needed. Bronstein A.C., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1995, Vol.33, No.2, p.93-94. 4 ref. (In English)

The current principles of toxicology, immunology and allergy do not provide a coherent explanation of a chemical sensitivity that does not result in reproducible and measurable physiological or biochemical changes. A new paradigm is needed to provide a scientific model for multiple chemical sensitivities. (65763)

CIS 95-2160 Multiple chemical sensitivities - Syndrome and solution. Spyker D.A., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1995, Vol.33, No.2, p.95-99. 17 ref. (In English)

Although the incidence of multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) is not known, the syndrome is demographically similar to agoraphobia. The classical (Pavlovian) conditioning model may be a useful description of MCS. Results with three patients suggest that a psychophysiological desensitization approach to diagnosis and treatment is worthy of further development. (65764)

CIS 95-2161 Multiple chemical sensitivities - A syndrome of pseudotoxicity manifest as exposure perceived symptoms. Kurt T.L., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1995, Vol.33, No.2, p.101-105. 36 ref. (In English)

Current study of multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) can be dated from 1962, but the syndrome called "neurasthenia" at the turn of the century is similar. A seven-point definition of MCS was proposed in 1992, but the criteria have not been accepted as an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis or code, nor by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An alternative definition of MCS is a symptom complex (1) triggered by odour or a perceived exposure; (2) occurring at exposure levels below those of allergic sensitivity or irritation; (3) analogous to the symptoms of panic disorder as defined by the American Psychiatric Association; (4) lacking objective clinical pathological criteria; (5) responsive to panic disorder management. (65765)

CIS 95-2162 Multiple chemical sensitivities - Chemical sensitivity as a symptom of airway inflammation. Meggs W.J., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1995, Vol.33, No.2, p.107-110. 29 ref. (In English)

The term "multiple chemical sensitivity" confuses aetiology with diagnosis: chemical sensitivity is a symptom expressed by patients. The symptom complex is also expressed by the majority of patients with asthma or rhinitis following a single acute exposure to a substance, a condition called "reactive upper airway dysfunction syndrome". The chemical sensitivity patient merits evaluation for upper airway and bronchial reactivity that may cause extra-airway symptomatology. (65766)

CIS 95-2163 Multiple chemical sensitivities - Public policy. Gots R.E., Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology, 1995, Vol.33, No.2, p.111-113. 12 ref. (In English)

Although multiple chemical sensitivity has been rejected as an established organic disease by the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology, the American Medical Association, the California Medical Association, the American College of Physicians and the International Society of Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, it has achieved credibility in workmen's compensation claims, liability case law and the interpretation of regulations by various departments of the US federal government. (65767)

CIS 95-2164 Field performance measurements of half-facepiece respirators - Study protocol. Myers W.R., Zhuang Z., Nelson T., Sides S., Wilmes D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.765-775. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

This article presents the research protocol used for a series of field studies that were conducted to measure workplace protection factors (WPF) for elastomeric and disposable half-facepiece respirators against particulate contaminants. The field studies were conducted at foundries, an aircraft painting workshop and a steel mill. The protocol involves (1) collection of WPF samples at different parts of the shift; (2) collection of respirable dust samples; (3) washing of sample cassettes; (4) use of proton-induced X-ray emission analysis. WPF results after several hours of respirator use were generally higher than just after it was put on, but not significantly so. WPF estimation might be erroneous when respirable and total dust collection techniques are mixed. Data from cassette washing suggest that average wall losses for ambient and in-facepiece samples were <2% and ca. 6%, respectively. In appendix: notes on the selection of exposure agents, facilities, workers and respirators; respirator inspection and use; analytical and cassette washing methods used. (65501)

CIS 95-2165 Laboratory evaluation of combined exposure to lead, zinc and copper in secondary copper smelter workers. Pines A., Klebanov M., Lemesch C., Alkaslassy D., Furth M., Meiri N., Ribak J., Israel Journal of Occupational Health, 1995. Vol.1, No.1, p.5-26. Illus. 46 ref. (In English)

Compared with a control group of wood workers not exposed to metals, the exposed workers showed high mean blood Pb (29.8µg/100mL) and zinc protoporphyrin in blood (48.5µg/100mL), an increased Zn level in blood serum, and increased urine excretion of copper. The correlations in the study group were lead-dominated. There was a significant negative correlation between blood creatinine and the Pb blood level. (65794)

CIS 95-2166 Depressed serum erythropoietin in pregnant women with elevated blood lead. Graziano J.H., Slavkovic V., Factor-Litvak P., Popovac D., Ahmedi X., Mehmeti A., Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.347.350. Illus. 24 ref. ### (In English)

Study of serum changes in 1502 lead-exposed pregnant women in Kosovo (Yugoslavia). (65854)

CIS 95-2167 Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a new coking plant. Yrjänheikki E., Pyy L., Hakala E., Lapinlampi T., Lisko A., Vähäkangas K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.782-787. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

Exposure of workers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was measured in a modern coking plant in Finland established in 1987. This study was part of a more comprehensive follow-up study to develop reliable and useful biomonitoring methods for PAH exposure. Both personal and stationary sampling were carried out, using dust and gas sampling methods. Twelve PAH compounds were identified and quantified. The highest exposure levels were found in the working areas on the top of the oven battery, where the Finnish TLV (TWA) for benzo(a)pyrene (10µg/m³) was, in particular, exceeded in most personal and stationary samples. In most other samples the measurements were below the TLV. (65503)

CIS 95-2168 Quantitation of employee exposure to emission products generated by commercial-scale processing of polyethylene. Tikuisis T., Phibbs M.R., Sonnenberg K.L., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.809-814. 16 ref. (In English)

The exposure to thermal degradation products of polyethylene by workers in commercial polyethylene extrusion operations was studied. The operations involved the transformation of nine polyethylene resins into blown film, extrusion coating, blow moulding, pipe extrusion and rotational moulding. Both personal and stationary sampling were used, and samples were analyzed for a large number of organic compounds, including aldehydes, aromatics, formic and acetic acids, furans and acetone. Of the 450 concentrations measured from workplace air and operator breathing zones, 440 were below detection limits. Of the remaining ten concentrations, nine were < 10% of the established exposure limit, with the remaining one still below 50% of the limit. Only samples of gas trapped inside film bubbles and moulded parts showed higher concentrations than those in the ambient air. Polyethylene extrusion presents minimal inhalation hazards in a moderately ventilated working environment. (65505)

CIS 95-2169 Follow-up study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among workers poisoned by gas at Okunojima. (Japanese: Ōkunojima doku gasu shōgaisha ni okeru mansei heisokusei haishikkan no keikai) Ihara Y., Japanese Journal of Thoracic Diseases, 25 Mar. 1994, Vol.32, No.3, p.216-224. Illus. 21 ref. (In Japanese)

From 1927 to 1945, a factory in Ōkunojima, Japan, produced yperite (dichlorodiethyl sulfide) and lewisite (β-chlorovinyldichloroarsine). Observation of 72 surviving workers from 1981 to 1991, with analysis of chest x-rays, sputa and respiratory function tests, was followed up by computerized tomography. Whereas previous reports on chronic bronchitis among these workers stated it to be mainly inflammatory and to have a variable clinical course, the present results indicate long-term progression of obstructive ventilatory disorder due to emphysematous changes in the respiratory tract. (65596)

CIS 95-2170 Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in two different silicon carbide plants. Petry T., Schmid P., Schlatter C., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Oct. 1994, Vol.38, No.5, p.741-752. Illus. 15 ref. (In English)

A total of 38 personal and stationary samples were taken in the working atmosphere in two silicon carbide plants to determine the concentrations of 20 unsubstituted PAHs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These included benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(j+b+k)fluoranthene, dibenzo(ah)anthracene and indeno(1.2.3-cd)pyrene, all of which are carcinogenic. In plant A, the total PAH concentrations in the personal samples varied from 0.28 to 2.67µg/m³ with a mean BaP concentration of 0.05µg/m³ for all worksites. In plant B, the total PAH varied from 2.93 to 50.03µg/m³ with a mean BaP concentration of 0.13µg/m³. Compared to the exposure to carcinogenic PAHs in coke and aluminium plants, the concentrations measured in both silicon carbide plants were low. (65777)

CIS 95-2171 Production and surveillance of mercury exposure over 40 years at a chloralkali plant. Nordhagen H.P., Ellingsen D.G., Kjuus H., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Oct. 1994, Vol.38, No.5, p.777-788. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

Mercury vapour exposure was studied for 40 years in 419 chloralkali workers. The concentration of mercury was measured in the workroom from 1953 and in urine from 1948. During the study period, the mean urinary mercury concentration, uncorrected for urinary dilution, for all subjects varied between 30 and 250µg/L. For workers in the cell-room the correlation (r) between urinary mercury and mercury in the workroom was r=0.74 (p<0.001), and for repair men/mechanics it was r=0.70 (p<0.001). The introduction of new cells and stabilizing the volume of production may have been important for the reduction of air-Hg and U-Hg, whereas other changes in the production process, or actions to reduce the release of mercury to the work environment, had no detectable effect. The urinary mercury concentration among all workers was related to the relative energy consumption (r=0.l83, p<0.001). (65779)

CIS 95-2172 Toxico-hygienic problems for workers at the "Dinamik" automobile tyre factory, Sofia. (Bulgarian: Toksikohigienni problemi pri raboteštite v zavod za avtomobilni gumi "Dinamik" - Sofija) Ivanova-Čemišanska L., Hinkova L., Mihajlova A., Antov G., Hristeva V., Halkova Ž., Mirkova E., Mitova Ž., Muhtarova M., Ilieva P., Nikolova L., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.138-145. Illus. (In Bulgarian)

Toxicological and hygienic investigations were carried out on a representative group of 131 workers (50 females and 81 males) in three main workshops - preparation, building and vulcanization - at an automobile tyre plant in Sofia. The majority of the workers were over 40 years old, having a general length of service in excess of 10 years and specialized occupational experience from 10-20 years or more. Chemical hazards were among the most important ones in the occupational environment. Exposure limits were exceeded for 3,4-benzopyrene, mineral oil and the accelerators thiuram and altax in preparation, benzine in building and styrene and hydrocarbons in vulcanization. Clinical laboratory findings revealed changes in haemopoiesis and hepatic functional state, while urinary sulfate and glucuronide levels confirmed the workers' high exposures to sulfur compounds and benzine. Summary in English. (65815)

CIS 95-2173 Cytogenetic effects (frequency of micronuclei) in peripheral lymphocyte cultures from workers in automobile tyre manufacture. (Bulgarian: Citogenetični efekti (čestota na mikronukleusi) v limfocitni kulturi ot periferna krăv na rabotnicite ot proizvodstvoto na avtomobilni gumi) Mirkova E., Ivanova-Čemišanska L., Hinkova L., Antov G., Muhtarova M., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.146-162. 13 ref. (In Bulgarian)

Studies at the Preparatory Workshop of a plant for automobile tyres included chemical analyses for levels of identifiable human carcinogens in the working area (benz(a)pyrene, mineral oils, 2-naphthylamine), questionnaire investigations, cytogenetic analysis by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus method in peripheral lymphocyte cultures from 23 workers in occupational groups at risk and urinanalysis for mercapturic acids. The control group was 13 nonexposed subjects from outside the plant. For levels of benz(a)pyrene and mineral oils exceeding 2.5 to 3.5 times the respective exposure limits, cytogenetic analysis showed a 4-fold increase in indicators of genotoxicity (frequency of micronucleated binucleated lymphocytes, number of micronuclei per 1,000 binucleated lymphocytes). These results imply an increased risk of cancer in the exposed workers. Summary in English. (65816)

CIS 95-2174 Study of individual occupational exposures in xylenes manufacture (the "Neftochim" firm, Burgas city). (Bulgarian: Izsledvane na personalnata ekspozicija na rabotnici v proizvodstvo "Ksiloli" - NHK Burgas (firma Neftohim)) Panova N., Bonev N., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.185-191. 6 ref. (In Bulgarian)

Individual exposures were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized for workers at different posts in a xylene plant. Breathing-zone air samples from 29 subjects were compared with 17 stationary samples were taken from workplaces at the same facility. A gas chromatographic procedure specially developed for this purpose was used for identification and quantitative analysis of the substances recovered. Exposure values for each job were tabulated. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are the principal pollutants. The most important is benzene, due to its high toxicity and relatively high levels (around and above its official exposure limit). Summary in English. (65817)

CIS 95-2175 Heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide and other chlordane compounds in Finnish plywood workers. Mussalo-Rauhamaa H., Pyysalo H., Antervo K., Archives of Environmental Health, Nov.-Dec. 1991, Vol.46, No.6, p.340-346. Illus. 33 ref. ### (In English)

Study of chlordane compound residues in the blood of 74 Finnish plywood workers and 52 controls. (65853)

CIS 95-2176 Are opera-house artistes afflicted with contact allergy to colophony and cosmetics?. Färm G., Karlberg A.T., Lidén C., Contact Dermatitis, May 1995, Vol.32, No.5, p.273-280. 30 ref. (In English)

The frequency of cosmetics intolerance and contact allergy to colophony was investigated among 116 singers and dancers and 16 make-up artists. Individuals were interviewed, examined and patch tested with a standard series and with materials from the opera house. Common skin lesions were found in one third of participants and more than 50% had a history of intolerance to cosmetics. Colophony gave positive patch test reactions in only 3 subjects. The prevalence of positive patch test reactions to fragrance mix and Peru balsam was about the same as among dermatitis patients generally. Contact allergy to colophony did not seem to be a problem regarding cosmetics. (65728)

CIS 95-2177 An exhaust system for waste gases from surgery. (German: Absaugsysteme für die Chirurgie-Rauchgase) Gawlick-Rau P., Krankenhaustechnik, Mar. 1994, vol.20, No.3, p.80-81. Illus. 4 ref. ### (In German)

Description of a local exhaust system for waste gases from operating theatres where laser or high-frequency surgical equipment is used. (65887)

CIS 95-2178 Biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt metal, salt, oxides, and hard metal dust. Lison D., Buchet J.P., Swennen B., Molders J., Lauwerys R., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, July 1994, Vol.51, No.7, p.447-450. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

A cross-sectional study was undertaken in workers exposed to cobalt metal, oxides and salts in a refinery and to a mixture of cobalt and tungsten carbide in a hard metal producing plant. Although biological monitoring of workers exposed to cobalt oxides showed higher blood and urine concentrations than in non-exposed subjects, these indices reflected poorly the recent exposure level. In contrast, when exposure was to soluble cobalt compounds (metal, salts and hard metals), the measurement of urine or blood cobalt at the end of the work-week could be recommended for the assessment of recent exposure. An 8h exposure to 20 or 50µg/m³ of a soluble form of cobalt would lead to an average concentration in a post-shift urine sample collected at the end of the work-week of 18.2 or 32.4µg of cobalt/g creatinine, respectively. (65702)

CIS 95-2179 Endocrine function in mercury exposed chloralkali workers. Barregård L., Lindstedt G., Schütz A., Sällsten G., Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aug. 1994, Vol.51, No.8, p.536-540. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

The aim of this study was to establish whether functional impairment of the pituitary, thyroid, testicular and adrenal glands of humans occupationally exposed to mercury (Hg) vapour can be shown as a result of accumulation of Hg in these glands. Basal concentrations of thyrotrophin (TSH), prolactin, free thyroxine (free T4), free 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (free T3), antibodies against thyroperoxidase, and testosterone in serum, as well as cortisol in morning urine were measured in 41 chloralkali workers exposed to Hg vapour, and in 41 age-matched, occupationally unexposed referents. The serum free T4 concentration and the ratio free T4/free T3 were slightly, but significantly, higher in the subgroups with the highest exposure, and the serum free T3 was inversely associated with cumulative Hg exposure. This indicates a possible inhibitory effect of mercury on 5'-deiodinases. Serum total testosterone, but not free testosterone, was positively correlated with cumulative Hg exposure. Prolactin, TSH and urinary cortisol concentrations were not significantly associated to exposure. Apart from inhibition of the deiodination of T4 to T3, the endocrine functions studied seem not to be affected by exposure to Hg vapour at the exposure levels of the present study. (65704)

CIS 95-2180 Exposure characteristics and cutaneous problems in operating room staff. Holness D.L., Tarlo S.M., Sussman G., Nethercott J.R., Contact Dermatitis, June 1995, Vol.32, No.6, p.352-358. 22 ref. (In English)

The objectives of this exploratory study performed in operating room personnel were to characterize the exposure and determine the prevalence of cutaneous symptoms and findings and to examine relationships between exposure characteristics and cutaneous outcomes. A questionnaire and standardized hand examination were used to assess the exposure and cutaneous status. 184 operating room staff were assessed. Current skin problems were reported by 26%. Hand examination revealed that 9% had findings consistent with eczema and 10% changes of moderate dryness. A variety of preventive practices were being used by those with symptoms or findings. The use of preventive strategies varied between different groups. It is concluded that these workers might benefit from more education regarding cutaneous hazards, preventive strategies and the importance of appropriate investigation of these problems. (65726)

CIS 95-2181 Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xvii, 145p. approx. 240 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0666-9 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in June 1991: occupational exposure to chloroprene (chlorobutadiene) causes irritation of the mucous membranes; acute exposure causes depression of the central nervous system. A number of inadequately documented studies describe effects on different organ systems. Epidemiological studies provide no firm evidence for carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic effects in humans. (65531)

CIS 95-2182 Triethylenetetramine. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xiv, 84p. approx. 120 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0603-0 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in June 1992: triethylenetetramine is a severe skin irritant and induces skin sensitization. Liver damage is a possible systemic effect. In appendix: copy of the report Toxicological Evaluation No.181 on triethylenetetramine by the Berufsgenossenschaft der chemischen Industrie (Heidelberg, 1991, 49 ref.). (65532)

CIS 95-2183 N,N-Dimethylaniline. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xiv, 76p. approx. 150 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0667-7 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in Apr. 1992: no well documented studies are available on the effects of N,N-dimethylaniline in humans. Effects of acute intoxication at high doses include cyanosis, breathing difficulties and circulatory collapse. Results of one long-term study of occupational exposure indicated an increase in methaemoglobin. (65533)

CIS 95-2184 Melamine. Diisopropanolamine. 1,6-Hexanediol. Tri/Dibutyl phosphate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxvii, 197p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 96.00., ISBN 3-7776-0662-6 (In English)

Conclusions of these criteria documents, translation of reports finalized in June-Dec. 1992: no data are available on the acute or chronic effects of melamine in man; tests for irritating or sensitizing properties proved negative. Animal studies indicate that diisopropanolamine (1,1'-iminodi-2-propanol) is of low acute toxicity; tests on humans reveal that it does not induce allergic or photoallergic reactions. No data are available on the effects of 1,6-hexanediol in man; animal studies indicate a slight acute toxicity. Tributyl phosphate is strongly irritating to the skin and mucous membranes in man; exposure by inhalation leads to nausea and headache. The toxicological action of dibutyl phosphate is assumed to be comparable to that of tributyl phosphate. (65534)

CIS 95-2185 Butoxyethoxyethyl acetate. 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene. Acetoacetyl-m-xylidide. Pigment red 53:1. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. x, 141p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0677-4 (In English)

Conclusions of these criteria documents, translation of reports finalized in Aug. 1992 - Aug. 1993: animal studies indicate that butoxyethoxyethyl acetate (butyl carbitol acetate) has a low toxicity; contact dermatitis was observed in one case of occupational exposure, but only on affected skin which had been previously damaged. No data are available on the effects of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene or acetoacetyl-m-xylidide (N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-oxobutanoamide) or pigment red 53:1 (D&C red no.9) in man; animal studies indicate a low acute toxicity. (65535)

CIS 95-2186 Cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xvii, 90p. approx. 170 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0668-5 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in Aug. 1993: human exposure to cyanuric chloride causes irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Bronchial obstruction, bronchitis and bronchopneumonia are reported following inhalation of gaseous/particle-formed cyanuric chloride. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis have been reported after repeated exposure; an increased rate in asthmatic illnesses was observed in one cyanuric chloride processing plant. In studies on workers exposed to a mixture of cyanuric chloride and other vapours, there were subjective reports of disturbances of the central nervous system, headaches, body weakness and insomnia. (65536)

CIS 95-2187 Ethyl acrylate. n-Butyl acrylate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxxi, 163p. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0664-2 (In English)

Conclusions of these criteria documents, translation of reports finalized in Dec. and Aug. 1992, respectively: no data are available on the acute effects of ethyl acrylate in humans; the substance acts as a sensitizer. An increased rate of cancer of the colon and rectum was observed among acrylate production plant workers with a high and prolonged exposure to a mixture of acrylates in the 1940s. Cases of skin irritation and sensitization have been reported in humans handling n-butyl acrylate. Epidemiological studies indicate a dose-dependent reduction in the sense of smell following exposure to these two substances. (65537)

CIS 95-2188 4-Chloro-2-methylphenol. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xv, 74p. approx. 140 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0669-3 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in June 1993: no data are available on the effects of 4-chloro-2-methylphenol (4-chloro-o-cresol) in humans. Animal studies indicate a pronounced irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. (65538)

CIS 95-2189 Acrylonitrile. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxi, 262p. approx. 420 ref. Price: DEM 102.00., ISBN 3-7776-0670-7 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in Aug. 1993: occupational exposure to acrylonitrile causes irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and nose. There are also reports of nausea, lower abdominal pain, diarrhoea, jaundice and bronchitis. In contrast to animal studies, epidemiological studies provide no clear evidence of a carcinogenic effect in humans. (65539)

CIS 95-2190 1,1,2-Trichloroethane. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxi, 165p. approx. 330 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0671-5 (In English)

Conclusions of this criteria document, translation of a report finalized in Apr. 1994: 1,1,2-trichloroethane in low concentrations acts as a narcotic in humans. It also causes irritation of the conjunctiva, the respiratory tract and skin. Prolonged exposure leads to upper gastrointestinal tract ailments as well as to fatty liver and lung damage. (65540)

CIS 95-2191 Solid waste management - Selected topics. Suess M.J., ed., WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1985. xiv, 210p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 15.00., ISBN 92-890-1023-1 (In English)

This publication is based on two working groups and one seminar held between 1972 and 1977 each addressing a particular aspect of solid waste management. Contents: model code of practice for the disposal of solid waste on land (planning, site selection and survey, types of waste acceptable for disposal in landfills, operational practice, completion of landfilling and final restoration); composting (range of applicability, mechanical treatment and composting, health and safety aspects, testing of final compost); incineration (types of waste, principles of incineration, plant selection, environmental and economic constraints); animal waste (properties of animal feedlot waste, handling and transport, physical and biological treatment methods). (65636)

CIS 95-2192 p-Nitroaniline (4-nitrobenzeneamine). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) - Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xiv, 89p. approx. 150 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0676-6 (In English)

Conclusions of this report, tanslation of a document finalized in 1987: acute exposure to p-nitroaniline causes methaemoglobinaemia in humans. Chronic exposure may cause liver damage. p-Nitroaniline has been proved to be mutagenic in bacteria; teratogenic effects have been observed in animal studies. (65652)

CIS 95-2193 Biomarkers of human exposure to pesticides. Saleh M.A., Blancato J.N., Nauman C.H., eds., American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036, USA, Nov. 1993. x, 326p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 79.95., ISBN 0-8412-2738-1 (In English)

Occupational or environmental exposure to pesticides can be revealed either by the presence of a substance or its metabolites in urine, blood or some other easily sampled medium, or by the observation of a biochemical effect such as enzyme inhibition, reaction with proteins such as receptors or antibodies or mutation. A general review is followed by 17 separately authored papers under the headings "molecular characterization", "biomarker measurement methods" and "data analysis and application to risk assessment". Compounds and compound classes covered include nitriles, dioxins, organophosphorus insecticides, 2,5-hexanedione, p-nitrophenol, and chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides. (65761)

CIS 95-2194 An introduction to health risk assessment of chemicals. Haag Grönlund M., Information Secretariat, The Swedish National Chemicals Inspectorate, P. O. Box 1384, 171 84 Solna, Sweden, 1995. 78p. Illus. 141 ref. Price: SEK 150.00. (In English)

Risk in this context is the probability that harm will occur when persons are exposed to specific amounts of a substance for a specific period of time. Risk assessment involves the collection, evaluation and presentation of data from research and testing so that regulators, plant operators and others can set priorities and take appropriate decisions to minimize that probability. This report describes the principles and methods used in risk assessment, and the problems encountered. The advantages and disadvantages of different mathematical models are compared. Trends in the field are described. (65770)

CIS 95-2195 Solvent substitution in the workplace - Development of a tool for intervention. (French: Substitution des solvants en milieu de travail - Elaboration d'un outil pour l'intervention) Gérin M., Bégin D., Goupil J., Garneau R., Sacks S., Université de Montréal, Faculté de Médecine, Département de médecine du travail et d'hygiène du milieu, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal H3C 3J7, Quebec, Canada, May 1995. 365p. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 2-551-13502-8 (In French)

The objective of this study was to critically review the current knowledge on solvent substitution. A survey of the industrial sector in Quebec, Canada, permitted the identification of priority needs for solvent substitution (painting, printing, gluing, metal cleaning and degreasing, paint stripping, reinforced polyesters). The critical factors in a substitution analysis are: occupational health and safety, environmental concerns, technical feasibility, costs, human and organizational factors. A comparative analysis of hazards due to substances or processes is necessary but may be complex. The various solutions documented in the technical and scientific literature are presented for the principal uses. The main solutions consist of the use of alkaline cleaners, terpenes, dibasic esters, vegetable oil derived esters, oxygenated solvents in general, water-based or powder coatings and physical cleaning and stripping methods. Actual cases of solvent substitution are presented in detail. A valid preventive approach implies that all prevention methods be considered globally. (65780)

CIS 95-2196 Dose-effect relationship derived from studies of the exposure of the respiratory tract to irritants (Final report). (German: Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehungen bei irritativer Atemtraktbelastung (Schlussbericht)) Schneider W.D., Bräunlich A., Lorenz A., Schöneich R., Thürmer H., Wallenstein G., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsmedizin, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1995. 194p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 33.00., ISBN 3-89429-584-8 (In German)

Subjects covered in this report: (1) the frequency of chronic respiratory diseases as well as the occupations and irritants involved as it appears from the analyses of records of periodic medical examinations by industrial physicians in Germany between 1982 and 1990; (2) the irritative effects of flyash on workers in power plants burning bituminous coal; (3) the effects of soldering with colophony on the respiratory tract; (4) biological indicators of the inhalation of irritants; (5) dose-effect relationship between the exposure to dust and pulmonary function in foundry workers. (65839)

CIS 95-2197 Permeability of protective gloves to solvents. (German: Durchlässigkeit von Schutzhandschuhen gegenüber Lösemitteln) Böning A., Gmehling J., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 66p. Illus. 174 ref. Price: DEM 35.00. (In German)

The permeability of ten different kinds of protective gloves to five commonly used organic solvents and to solvent mixtures was studied. In permeation test cells of various design the time to breakthrough and the permeation rate were determined. The influence of material thickness, test cell design and temperature on the results was studied. Only one of the ten gloves, which was made of polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol and laminated polyethylene, was resistant to solvent penetration. A standard procedure for testing the permeability of protective gloves to organic solvents was derived from the results of the experiments. (65835)

CIS 95-2198 Contaminated land. Tromans S., Turrall-Clarke R., Sweet & Maxwell Ltd., South Quay Plaza, 183 Marsh Wall, London E14 9FT, United Kingdom, 1994. xlix, 668p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 85.00., ISBN 0-421-50920-1 (In English)

This manual addresses the legal problems presented by land subject to contamination in the United Kingdom. Contents: definition of contaminated land; causes and consequences of contamination; examples of problems; policy approaches; liability; sources of information for assessing the possible contamination of land; land investigation and appraisal; preventive mechanisms; water pollution; land clean-up; planning and building controls; funding of land reclamation; use of consultants; property transactions; corporate transactions and insolvency; contaminated land legislation in other countries; recommendations. (65587)

CIS 95-2199 Indoor air quality - Organic pollutants. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1989. vi, 70p. 29 ref. Price: CHF 8.00., ISBN 92-890-1277-3 (In English)

Report of a Working Group on Indoor Air Quality: Organic Pollutants convened in Berlin, Germany, 23-27 August 1987. Topics covered: chemical characterization of indoor organic pollutants; estimation of population exposure distribution; characterization of health effects; sensory effects; sensory effects of mixtures; systemic toxic effects; genotoxicity and carcinogenicity; potential hazards of pesticides, nitrosamines, vinyl chloride, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and organic compounds from building materials and furnishings; maintaining and improving indoor air quality; conclusions and recommendations. Summaries in French, German and Russian. (65633)

CIS 95-2200 Official report - Pesticide poisoning. (Spanish: Reporte oficial - Intoxicaciones por plaguicidas) Ministerio de Salud, División de Saneamiento Ambiental, Depto. Sustancias Tóxicas y Medicina del Trabajo, San José, Costa Rica, 1993. 44p. Illus. (In Spanish)

Report on pesticide poisoning during 1993 in Costa Rica. Poisoning cases are classified by the following: province; month and attending institution; age and sex; occupational or non-occupational occurrence; occupation; route of entry; type of pesticide. Data are illustrated with graphics. Annexes 1 and 2 include graphics of cases according to various parameters. A decree on the notification of pesticide poisoning and the notification form prepared by the Ministry of Health are also attached. (65721)

CIS 95-2201 The textile industry and the environment. United Nations Environment Programme, Industry and Environment, Tour Mirabeau, 39-43 quai André-Citroën, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France, 1994. 120p. 66 ref. Price: FRF 175.00, USD 35.00., ISBN 92-807-1367-1 (In English)

This report provides guidance on measures to prevent pollution and save raw materials in the textile industry through a cleaner production approach. Contents: overview of textile wet processing operations; environmental impact of the textile industry (air and water pollution); cleaner production techniques and processes (optimization of chemical usage, modification of processes and equipment); end-of-pipe treatment (liquid effluent treatment, control of air emissions); policy, management and legal framework. Glossary. (65589)

CIS 95-2202 Management of waste from hospitals and other health care establishments. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1985. iv, 61p. 28 ref. Price: CHF 7.00., ISBN 92-890-1263-3 (In English)

Report of a Working Group on Hospital Waste Management convened in Bergen, Norway, 28 June-1 July 1983. Topics covered: waste categories and their sources; occupational hazards and health risks; impact of health care waste on human health and the environment; waste handling, storage and transport; waste treatment and disposal methods; radioactive waste; planning for health care waste management; training and supervision; legislative, administrative and economic aspects. Summaries in French, German and Russian. (65632)

CIS 95-2203 Aromatic hydrocarbons. (German: Aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Abteilung für Unfallverhütung und Berufskrankheitenbekämpfung, Adalbert-Stifter-Strasse 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, Feb. 1995. 20p. Illus. (In German)

After describing the properties of toluene and xylene and of solvent mixtures containing aromatic hydrocarbons, this booklet deals with: storage and handling; young persons and pregnant women (employment restrictions); pre-employment and periodic medical examinations; first aid. (65499)

CIS 95-2204 Guide to sampling for air contaminants in the working environment. (French: Guide d'échantillonnage des contaminants de l'air en milieu de travail) IRSST - Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail au Québec, Direction des communications, 505, Blvd. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal, Québec H3A 3C2, Canada, 6th rev.ed., Sep. 1994. 161p. Illus. 31 ref. Price: CAD 16.00., ISBN 2-551-13355-6 (In French)

Contents of this guide to air sampling: sampling strategies (description of strategies; examples of how to calculate excursion limits and TWA values for single substances and mixtures (R_m); sampling instruments and techniques (gases, fumes, aerosols, microorganisms; samples obtained from an industrial process; sampling pumps; sampling trains; corrections for temperature and/or pressure variation); sampling and analysis of air contaminants (tables offering information on substances analyzed by RQMT - including TLVs - and by IRSST). In annex: sampling equipment available in Quebec; table of acronyms. (65546)

CIS 95-2205 Volatile organic compounds in air. Health and safety Executive, Health and Safety Laboratory, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Aug. 1995. 12p. 14 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-7176-0913-8 (In English)

This data sheet describes a laboratory method for the determination of volatile organic compounds in air. Principle: a diffusive sampler with an appropriate sorbent is exposed to air for a measured time period; the collected vapours are desorbed by heat and transferred into a gas chromatograph equipped with a suitable capillary column and a flame ionization detector. The method is valid for the measurement of airborne vapours (individual compounds or components of mixtures) in a concentration range of approximately 1-1000mg/m³ individual organic for exposure times between 30min and 8h. A number of different sorbents are recommended for different ranges of compounds. (65615)

CIS 95-2206 Code of practice for the transportation and disposal of petroleum storage tanks and related wastes. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, May 1995. 56p. 20 ref., ISBN 0-477-03564-7 (In English)

Contents of this code of practice: safety of works; authorization, permits and certification; removal of tanks; transport of used underground tanks; tank processing and disposal (precautions against explosion and fire from petroleum products or vapours, asphyxiation from vapours or lack of oxygen, and toxic effects of petroleum products, vapours or wastes); treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes; lead hazards; equipment checklist for tank disposal; supervision by the site contractor. In appendix: sample forms and notices; safe handling of petroleum products; accidents during leaded gasoline tank cleaning. (65627)

CIS 95-2207 Standard for the uniform scheduling of drugs and poisons No.10. Australian Health Ministers' Advisory Council, Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, GPO Box 9848, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. x, 312p. Index., ISBN 0-644-45292-7 (In English)

This standard lists poisons in eight schedules according to the degree of control recommended to be exercised over their availability to the public. Poisons for therapeutic use (drugs) are included in schedules 2, 3, 4, and 8. Schedules 5, 6, and 7 represent increasingly strict container and labelling requirements for agricultural, domestic and industrial poisons. Schedule 9 lists substances that should be available only for medical or scientific research use. Recommended standards for labels and containers are also included. (65659)

CIS 95-2208 Controlling new chemical substances. (French: Contrôle des substances chimiques nouvelles) Bonnard N., Ministère de l'Environnement, Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1988-159-95, p.201-220. (In French)

Main contents of this information note: definition of new substances subject to declaration prior to marketing in the European Union; declaration dossiers, technical dossiers; special case of substances at the research or production development stage; updating of declaration dossiers; additional technical dossier in the event of an increase in the quantities marketed by different manufacturers. Procedure for the notification of a new substance - Substances manufactured inside the European Union; substances manufactured outside the European Union. Exemption from physico-chemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological tests if the substance has already been declared. Confidentiality: dossiers, data storage by French competent authorities; access to the dossiers. Practical information on filing declaration dossiers. Time lapse before arrival on market of newly declared substances. Time lapse before arrival on market of new quantities of a new substance, with updating of technical dossiers. Examination of dossiers; exchanges with the EU; data storage. (65783)

CIS 95-2209 Quick selection guide to chemical protective clothing. Forsberg K., Mansdorf S.Z., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10003, USA, 2nd ed., 1993. vi, 99p. 2 ref. Price: GBP 11.99., ISBN 0-442-01215-2 (In English)

This booklet provides recommendations for the selection of chemical protective clothing materials based on published and unpublished test data. The guide does not take into account the intended use or physical demands (resistance to tear, puncture resistance) of the clothing. Colour coded tables indicate the chemical breakthrough performance of 15 protective materials (including glove, boot and suit materials) against over 500 chemicals. An additional table provides a hazard rating for each chemical. The selection and use of protective clothing is also discussed. (See CIS 95-1821 for previous edition). (65651)

CIS 95-2210 Pictograms for agrochemical labels: An aid to the safe handling of pesticides. Groupement International des Associations Nationales de Fabricants de Produits Agrochimiques (GIFAP), 79a ave. Albert Lancaster, Bruxelles, 1180 Belgium, 1988. [7]p. Illus. (In English)

Pictograms devised by GIFAP, in cooperation with FAO, with the aim of communicating key safety information to people of diverse cultures and varied levels of literacy. The 12 pictograms are grouped in 4 main categories: storage (keep locked away and out of reach of children); activity (handling liquid concentrate, handling dry concentrate, application); advice for personal protection (gloves, eye protection, wash after use, boots, nose and mouth protection, respirator); warning (dangerous to animals, dangerous to fish). Advice is also given on how to use the pictograms. (65558)

CIS 95-2211 Guidelines for the management of lead-based paint. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, June 1995. 51p. 8 ref., ISBN 0-477-03572-8 (In English)

These guidelines concern the management of hazards associated with the removal of lead-based paint. Contents: hazards of lead; statutory controls; responsibilities of contractors, owners and managers; recommended working practices (procedures for paint removal, special precautions for interior and exterior paintwork, protective clothing, personal hygiene); personal health surveillance; environmental surveillance; sampling, analysis and interpretation. In appendix: lead content of paints; health effects of lead; hazard assessment. (65625)

CIS 95-2212 GESTIS - Information system on dangerous substances. (German: GESTIS - Gefahrstoffinformationssystem der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, March 1995. 35p. Illus. (In German)

This booklet describes the complex information system on dangerous substances managed by the German Mutual Professional Associations for Accident Insurance (Berufsgenossenschaften). Contents: the purpose of the system; design; the standardized coding system for GESTIS; storage and use of data; structure (internal and external - possibilities of interconnection with outside databases such as DIMDI (Deutsches Institut für medizinische Dokumentation und Information), ECHO (European Commission Host Organization) and CHEMSAFE); central database on products and substances (DOK-MEGA); documentation on occupational diseases (BK-DOK); dangerous substances included in the ZIGUV documentation (CAS, TOXALL; SIGEDA, CHEMSAFE); users of GeSi; information system on dangerous substances managed by the Berufsgenossenschaften der Bauwirtschaft; decentralized databases for medical surveillance (ODIN, ZA, ZeBWis). (65710)

CIS 95-2213 Chem-Check Version 2.01. Stratus Environmental, 536 West Hillside Blvd., San Mateo, CA 94403, USA. Database program running on IBM-compatible microcomputers (386 processor or higher; minimum memory requirement: 3MB; operating system: MS-DOS 3.x or higher). Price: USD 695.00 (annual cost for quarterly updates: USD 495.00). ### (In English)

Database providing a structured means for organizing and recording information about reportable quantities of chemicals. A review was published in the AIHA Journal (Apr. 1995, Vol.56, No.4, p.407-408). (65850)

CIS 95-2214 MSDIS CD-ROM: Material Safety Data Information System. SATIS Products GmbH, Zürcherstrasse 69, 4052 Basel, Switzerland, 1995-. CD-ROM + Installation diskette (DOS) + User's manual (36p.) Price: USD 1,970.00 (annual subscription). ### (In English)

CD-ROM based database onsources of information on chemical substances and products. Searching by name, synonyms and CAS numbers is possible. For each substance (>500,000 records), detailed bibliographic information is provided as to which sources contain property, toxicity, first aid etc. data on the substance in question. (65861)

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CIS 95-2215 EPIDHERME. A method for determining hierarchies of risks and preventive action strategies. (French: EPIDHERME - Une démarche de hiérarchisation des risques et des stratégies d'actions de prévention) Cantin R., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1991-159-95, p.243-250. Illus. 9 ref. (In French)

The EPIDHERME approach is designed to help occupational risk prevention specialists, manufacturers and social partners to establish a hierarchy of the risks present in a firm, a sector of activity or a geographical area, and to determine suitable action strategies to deal with the problems actually encountered in the field, with an appropriate order of priority. This methodology is illustrated by the example of the metal drawing and cutting industry in the Department of Loire (France). The example shows in particular how certain adjustments are needed to put the method into practice. (65786)

CIS 95-2216 Interaction of fast explosions with an obstacle. Phylaktou H., Alexiou A., Andrews G.E., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 45p. 28 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-7176-0934-0 (In English)

Laboratory tests were carried out to investigate flame acceleration during interaction of fast explosions with an obstacle. Such situations can occur in the highly congested volumes found in offshore structures. This report provides experimental data and theoretical analysis on the fundamental influences and effects of single obstacles. One important finding was that maximum flame speed downstream of the obstacle was linearly dependent on the upstream flame speed. A fundamental turbulent combustion model was developed and applied to the test data and was shown to correlate well. (65617)

CIS 95-2217 Methods for determining and processing probabilities. Directorate-General of Labour, Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, P.O. Box 69, 2270 MA Voorburg, Netherlands, 1988. 488p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

This report describes mathematical and statistical calculation methods for determining the probability of undesired events, the effects they cause and any damage which may develop from those effects. Specific consideration is given to carrying out safety studies on systems involving hazardous substances. Topics covered include: failure behaviour and failure data; fault tree and event tree analysis; development probabilities; probability of human error; probability and reliability theory; statistics; computerized methods for fault tree analysis; evaluation of the calculation results. (65630)

CIS 95-2218 Hazardous substances on spillage. Carter D., ed., Institution of Chemical Engineers, Davis Building, 165-189 Railway Terrace, Rugby CV21 3HQ, Warwickshire, United Kingdom, 1995. vi, 60p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-85295-352-6 (In English)

This report concerns the incorporation of source term effects into atmospheric dispersion modelling. These effects are directly related to the release characteristics and include: initial momentum of the release and how it is dissipated; for liquid releases, how the spreading and evaporation of the pool affects the generation of vapour and subsequent dilution in the atmosphere; for two-phase releases, the initial flash expansion process. These effects are described and the interfacing between source terms and dispersion modelling is discussed. Currently available computer codes are also described. (65631)

CIS 95-2219 Ignition of explosive atmospheres by high-frequency sparks. (German: Zündung explosionsfähiger Atmosphären durch Hochfrequenzfunken) Krösche M., Höner P., Kreutz E.W., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 97p. Illus. 45 ref. Price: DEM 21.00., ISBN 3-89429-182-6 (In German)

High-frequency electromagnetic radiation from radiofrequency transmitters may produce sparks on metallic constructions. At high energy the sparks are capable of igniting explosive atmospheres at gas stations or in chemical plants. The minimum spark energy required for ignition of explosive atmospheres was determined in experiments using stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen. A new test apparatus was used for the measurements. No significant frequency dependence in the range 10 to 70MHz was observed. The minimum spark energy of 40µJ was reported in the literature for low frequencies also. (65834)

CIS 95-2220 Ammonia plant safety and related facilities. American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017, USA, 1994. 312p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-8169-0655-6 (In English)

Presentations and subsequent discussions from a symposium held in Orlando, Florida, USA in 1993. In addition to several papers on the causes and prediction of equipment failure, there are three dealing explicitly with occupational safety. "Management of safety on major turnarounds" describes the administrative and technical methods used to safety shut down, modify and restart chemical plants. "Training CPI [chemical process industry] workers to comply with OSHA [US Occupational Safety and Health Administration] regulations" emphasizes the importance of developing employee competence and documenting work procedures. "Application of HAZOP [hazard and operability] analyses" deals with safety analysis in a large 20-year-old ammonia plant in Europe. (65769)

CIS 95-2221 Establishing exclusion zones when using explosives in demolition. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Aug. 1995. 2p. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

This information sheet describes how to design an exclusion zone for demolition of a structure using explosives. Guidance is provided on assessing the size of the exclusion zone, factors influencing its design, and public safety and security. (65613)

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CIS 95-2222 Classification of fatal occupational electrocutions. Rossignol M., Pineault M., Canadian Journal of Public Health - Revue canadienne de santé publique, Sep.-Oct. 1994, Vol.85, No.5, p.322-325. 19 ref. (In English)

The study describes fatal occupational electrocutions that occurred in Quebec, Canada between 1981 and 1988 and proposes a classification suitable for setting up a prevention agenda. Of 63 fatalities, an investigation report was available in 57 cases (90.5%). They all occurred among males, 70.2% of whom were under the age of 35; 49.1% were performing a task related to the construction sector. A principal factor analysis allowed classification of 90.2% of the fatalities in two categories: victims assigned to electrical tasks indoors and those assigned to non-electrical tasks outdoors. Victims in the first group (56.5% of the cases) were electrocuted by direct contact with current at voltages <10kV and those in the second by contact with current at voltages >10kV. The identification of the two patterns of electrocution provided an additional argument for shifting prevention strategies from worker education to reducing electrical hazards at their source. (65740)

CIS 95-2223 Human safety in quick and slow supply terminals used to recharge electric road vehicles. (French: Sécurité des personnes dans les infrastructures de recharge normale et rapide pour véhicule électrique routier) Hiriart A., J.M. Lec¿uvre, EDF-DER, Service IPN, Département SID, 1 avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 92141 Clamart Cedex, France, 1994. 32p. Illus. 14 ref. (In French)

This information note summarizes the safety measures to be followed by personnel responsible for the recharging of electric road vehicles. These measures are essentially those prescribed by Standard NFC 15 100. Main points covered: list of relevant regulations and standards; protection against electric shock; proper configuration for normal and fast recharging of vehicle batteries; recommendations for terminals used for normal and fast recharging. In annexes: classification of electrical equipment according to publication CEI 536 and Standard NF C 20 030; characteristics of residual-current operated earth-leakage circuit breakers; levels of protection according to different types of electric insulation. (65575)

CIS 95-2224 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing electrocutions of crane operators and crew members working near overhead power lines. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, May 1995. 10p. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

This NIOSH Alert describes five incidents in which crane operators were electrocuted following contact of the crane with overhead power lines. Current regulations for the prevention of such incidents are outlined (de-energizing power lines, use of insulated barriers, maintaining a minimum clearance between power lines and the crane). Recommendations for employers include: compliance with current regulations; notification of power line owners; evaluation of jobsites; use of work methods not requiring cranes; worker training. (65629)

CIS 95-2225 Live working - Insulating hollow tubes for electrical purposes. (French: Travaux sous tension - Tubes creux isolants pour travaux électriques) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., Aug. 1993. 51p. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2226 Live working - Portable equipment for earthing or earthing and short-circuiting. (French: Travaux sous tension - Dispositifs portables de mise à la terre ou de mise à la terre et en court-circuit) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., Aug. 1993. 73p. Illus. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2227 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for electric irons. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les fers à repasser électriques) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., June 1993. 31p. ### (In English, French)

(65873)

CIS 95-2228 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for washing machines. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les machines à laver le linge) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., June 1993. 41p. 5 ref. ### (In English, French)

(65874)

CIS 95-2229 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for spin extractors. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les essoreuses centrifuges) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., June 1993. 29p. ### (In English, French)

(65875)

CIS 95-2230 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for tumbler dryers. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les sèche-linge à tambour) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., June 1993. 29p. Illus. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2231 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for toasters, grills, roasters and similar appliances. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les grille-pain, les grils, les cocottes et appareils analogues) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., June 1993. 38p. Illus. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2232 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for air-cleaning appliances. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les épurateurs d'air) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., June 1993. 21p. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2233 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for milking machines. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les machines à traire) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., July 1993. 28p. Illus. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2234 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. Part 2: Particular requirements for electrical heating appliances for breeding and rearing animals. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues. Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les appareils de chauffage électrique destinés à la reproduction et à l'élevage des animaux) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., June 1993. 33p. ### (In English, French)

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CIS 95-2235 Portable grinding machines. Vibration sources. Preventive measures. (French: Meuleuses portatives - Bilan des sources de vibrations - Moyens de prévention) Piette A., Malchaire J., Gomes-Ferreira M., Bitsch J., Donati P., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1989-159-95, p.221-230. Illus. 28 ref. (In French)

This literature survey reviews studies on vibration exposure when using portable grinding machines. After a theoretical overview concerning the sources of vibration, the survey supplements previous studies, where appropriate, with several series of measurements. The spread of vibration amplitudes observed depends on several factors: the handle (main or auxiliary, material it is made of), the state of wear of the disc, the type of grinding operation and of material ground, and machine maintenance. Based on measurement results, means of reducing operator exposure are proposed, particularly to hand-arm vibration. For existing machines, apart from the use of properly balanced discs (an economically and technically difficult solution), anti-vibration handles are the only means of achieving significant vibration reduction (from 50% to more than 85% reduction), but only on the auxiliary handle. Gloves and resilient protective materials around handles are recommended to protect the hands from injury and from the cold, but they do not help to reduce vibration. (65784)

CIS 95-2236 Noise of office automation apparatus. (Japanese: OA kiki no sōon) Nagayasu K., Journal of the INCE of Japan, 1 Oct. 1992, Vol.16, No.5, p.15-19. Illus. 9 ref. (In Japanese)

Minicomputers installed in offices, together with their peripheral equipment, are sources of noise. Cooling fans, disk drives and printers are especially important sources. Noise can be reduced by changes in the office environment (e.g., carpeting) and by redesign of the equipment. Examples show how cases can be redesigned to reduce the noise radiated by ducts and vents, fans themselves can be redesigned to reduce aerodynamic noise, and the mechanical properties of impact printer platens can be altered to minimize their amplitudes of vibration. (65593)

CIS 95-2237 Exostosis of the external auditory canal and sensorineural hearing loss in professional divers. (Japanese: Shokugyō daiba ni mirareta ji shikkan-gaiji dō gai kotsushu to kan'on'sei nanchō ni tsuite) Ohgaki T., Nigauri T., Okubo J., Komatsuzaki A., Journal of Otolaryngology of Japan, 20 Sep. 1992, Vol.95, No.9, p.1323-1331. Illus. 20 ref. (In Japanese)

Audiometry and endoscopic examination of the external auditory canal were performed on the 31 professional divers of a fishing cooperative, who were frequently exposed to dysbaric conditions. Over 40% of the subjects had exostosis (projections of bony tissue in the canal). Over 70% had sensorineural hearing loss, even when audiometric data were corrected for aging. Hearing loss increased with the number of years spent in diving. Few of the subjects had experienced inner ear barotrauma on descent. It is proposed that the frequent small changes of pressure occurring in the outer ear are transmitted to the middle ear and perilymph, which eventually damages the inner ear. (65598)

CIS 95-2238 Ergonomic aspects of noise. (Spanish: Aspectos ergonómicos del ruido) Gómez-Cano Hernández M., Salud y trabajo, 1994, No.102, p.33-41. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

This article analyzes the consequences of noise exposure from an ergonomic point of view, with emphasis on its extra-auditory effects. In addition to hearing loss, the consequences described are the following: disorders of the digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, and central and autonomous nervous systems, and of the visual and vestibular functions; annoyance and distraction due to noise and distractions; speech interference; behavioural effects; psychosocial effects. Acceptable noise levels, including speech interference levels, as well as relevant directives of the European Union and ISO and UNE standards are surveyed. Tables are included. (65724)

CIS 95-2239 Health effects of long-term occupational exposure to whole-body vibration: A review. Wikström B.O., Kjellberg A., Landström U., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Dec. 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.273-292. Illus. 104 ref. (In English)

Whole-body vibrations occur in most vehicles and working machines when they are driven over rougher surfaces and/or at higher speeds. A review is presented of research on health effects of whole-body vibration. The objective is to provide a basis for rules and guidelines on exposure to whole-body vibration, particularly for professional drivers. A greater part of the review concerns risks for low-back injuries. After a systematic literature review in the field, the conclusion is drawn that whole-body vibration may contribute to injuries and other problems of the lower back. The exposure-response relationship, however, has not been clarified. To reduce the risk of low-back injuries, new machine components have to be constructed and better driving surfaces created. (65751)

CIS 95-2240 Postural stability after whole-body vibration exposure. Cornelius K.M., Redfern M.S., Steiner L.J., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, June 1994, Vol.13, No.4, p.343-351. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

One possible contributing factor in fall injuries of heavy mobile equipment operators is a loss of postural stability during egress. Because many of these operators are exposed to prolonged periods of whole-body vibration (WBV), a study was conducted to determine if postural stability is impaired by WBV exposure. The WBV consisted of 40 minutes of vertical vibration generated by a motion platform, which emulated actual vibration levels of an underground shuttle car. Two independent variables, each at two levels, consisted of vibration and vision. The measured dependent variables were postural sway amplitude and velocity of sway. No significant difference between the vibration and no vibration conditions were found. Based on the results of this study, it cannot be concluded that WBV at the exposed frequencies influences postural stability. Other factors may contribute to falls during egress, such as problems with foot placement accuracy or system design. (65757)

CIS 95-2241 Noise in the office: Part I - Guidelines for the practitioner; Part II - The scientific (knowledge base) for the guide. Kjellberg A., Landström U., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Aug. 1994, Vol.14, No.1-2, p.87-118. 161 ref. (In English)

The aim of the guideline is to identify the principal noise sources in offices and to point to possible measures to deal with them. It is intended primarily for the various groups that are involved in the planning and hygienic assessment of office environments. In addition, the guideline suggests highest acceptable levels of noise from different sources. The aim of the second part of the paper is to review research relevant for the understanding of noise problems in offices. The main types of noise are identified and characterized. A review is presented of the different types of effects, mainly subjective and performance effects. Suggestions are made concerning the need for workplace studies on the effects of noise levels that do not constitute a risk for hearing damage. (65759)

CIS 95-2242 Assessment of the noise factor and state of the auditory analyzer in rolling mill workers. (Bulgarian: Ocenka ha šumovija faktor i săstojanieto na sluhovija analizator pri rabotnici ot prokatnoto proizvodstvo) Ivanovič E., Kolarova D., Enev S., Savov A., Kojčeva V., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.100-109. Illus. 11 ref. (In Bulgarian)

At the main workplaces in a sorting and sheet-rolling works, noise was measured and hearing sensitivity was investigated in 229 men aged 36.1±9.8 years (mean length of service 9.7 years), taking into consideration the excessive equivalent levels and its impulsive nature. Hearing thresholds for 4 and 6kHz and average speaking frequency were elevated, and the proportion of subjects with hearing thresholds above 30dB for all frequencies tested was larger among roll operators, furnace workers, cutters, crane operators, markers, packers, quality control staff and dispatchers than among subjects working at lower noise levels or exposed for shorter times to intense noise. Change in hearing sensitivity was more closely related to age than to duration of occupational experience. Summary in English. (65813)

CIS 95-2243 Chronic exposure to noise at work: A major risk factor in myocardial infarction. (German: Chronischer Arbeitslärm - ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor für Herzinfarkt) Ising H., Babisch W., Kruppa B., Lindthammer A., Wiens D., Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Apr. 1995, Vol.38, No.4, p.127-130. Illus. 22 ref. ### (In German)

According to this case-control study conducted through a questionnaire survey, the relative risk of myocardial infarction (adjusting for confounding variables) increased significantly with increasing exposure levels to noise. Exposure to noise at work ranked second after smoking as a risk factor and accounted for 30% of the myocardial infarctions. Summary in English. (65889)

CIS 95-2244 Replacement of fluid lost due to sweating in a hot working environment. (Japanese: Kōon sagyō genba de no suibun hokyū kōka) Yamada S., Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, 1 Sep. 1992, Vol.34, No.5, p.468-471. 12 ref. (In Japanese)

Weight loss and fluid intake during a working day were measured in a group of 14 workers performing maintenance and repair on blast furnaces at WBGT temperatures of 27.9-42.6°C. On days when the workers had free access to tap water and green tea as beverages, they consumed an average of 0.75L and rehydrated 47%. When a commercial isotonic beverage (a flavoured glucose-electrolyte solution) was offered as a third choice, fluid intake was 1.03L and rehydration was 61%. This indicates that such beverages have value in the maintenance of workers' fluid and electrolyte balance in hot environments. (65594)

CIS 95-2245 Evaluation and control of hot working environments: Part I - Guidelines for the practitioner; Part II - The scientific (knowledge base) for the guide. Ramsey J.D., Bernard T.E., Dukes-Dobos F.N., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Aug. 1994, Vol.14, No.1-2, p.119-138. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

The guideline includes information on the way the human body stores heat, on potential illnesses caused by heat overexposure, methods for measuring and estimating the various components of exposure, limiting values of thermal exposure and work times in the heat, how these limits are affected by levels of acclimatization and clothing, and means of controlling heat exposure and heat stress. The second part of the paper provides the rationale for evaluation of heat stress and for interventions to reduce the risk of heat-related disorders. An overview of heat-related disorders is provided first to help the practitioner understand common causes and the rationale for most heat stress hygiene practices. The successful evaluation of heat stress requires a quantitative basis to make decisions about the level of heat stress present. The empirical basis of a scheme based on wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is presented. (65760)

CIS 95-2246 The role of the IREQ index in the design of working practices for cold environments. O'Leary C., Parsons K.C., Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Oct. 1994, Vol.38, No.5, p.705-719. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

For any cold environment a calculation can be made of the minimum clothing insulation required by workers (IREQ). Two studies are reported which investigated the role of the IREQ index in the design of working practices for cold indoor environments. The two studies suggest that the use of the IREQ index alone as a working practice may not be adequate to provide thermal comfort. The IREQ index was suggested as adequate initial protection against the strain induced on a worker in a cold environment. The design tool included the IREQ index as an initial indicator of cold stress; subsequent application of local clothing adjustment, followed by suitable general working practices were then required to achieve thermal comfort. (65776)

CIS 95-2247 Outdoor work. (German: Arbeit im Freien) Keck G., Sichere Arbeit, 1993, No.4, p.22-29. Illus. 7 ref. ### (In German)

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CIS 95-2248 Association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France. Armstrong B., Thériault G., Guénel P., Deadman J., Goldberg M., Héroux P., American Journal of Epidemiology, 1 Nov. 1994, Vol.140, No.9, p.805-820. 18 ref. (In English)

The authors report the association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada (follow-up, 1970-1988), and France (follow-up, 1978-1989), among whom 2,679 cases of cancer were identified. Exposures were assessed through a job-exposure matrix based on about 1,000 person-weeks of measurements from exposure meters worn by workers. Exposures were considerably higher in Quebec than in France. No association was found between PEMFs and cancers previously suspected of association with magnetic fields (leukaemia, other haematopoietic cancers, brain cancer or melanoma). However, there was a clear association between cumulative exposure to PEMFs and lung cancer, with odds ratios rising to 3.11 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-6.04) in the highest exposure group (84 cases). The association was not explained by smoking or other occupational exposures. (65732)

CIS 95-2249 Magnetic field exposure in relation to leukemia and brain cancer mortality among electric utility workers. Savitz D.A., Loomis D.P., American Journal of Epidemiology, 15 Jan. 1995, Vol.141, No.2, p.123-134. 33 ref. (In English)

The authors conducted an historical cohort mortality study of 138,905 men employed at 5 large electric power companies in the US between 1950 and 1986. Exposure was estimated by linking individual work histories to data from 2,842 workshift magnetic field measurements. Mortality follow-up identified 20,733 deaths based on 2,656,436 person-years of experience. Total mortality and cancer mortality rose slightly with increasing magnetic field exposure. Leukaemia mortality, however, was not associated with indices of magnetic field exposure except for electricians. Brain cancer mortality was modestly elevated in relation to duration of work in exposed jobs and much more strongly associated with magnetic field exposure indices. Brain cancer risk increased by an estimated factor of 1.94 per microtesla-year of magnetic field exposure in the previous 2-10 years, with a mortality ratio of 2.6 in the highest exposure category. (65733)

CIS 95-2250 Incidence of cancer among workers in Norwegian hydroelectric power companies. Tynes T., Reitan J.B., Andersen A., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.20, No.5, p.339-344. 29 ref. (In English)

The goal of this study was to examine whether exposure to electromagnetic fields is related to cancer. The study cohort consisted of 5,088 men who had worked for at least one year between 1920 and 1991 for hydroelectric power companies in Norway. The occupational exposure of these workers included extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. The standardized incidence (SIR) of cancer was close to unity for the cohort. Calculated cumulative exposure to electromagnetic fields was not associated with the incidence of leukaemia or brain tumours, but an excess of malignant melanoma was shown for the highest category of magnetic field exposure. An analysis of combined possible exposure to oils containing polychlorinated biphenyls and exposures to magnetic fields or possible exposure to electric sparks gave SIRs of 265 and 280, respectively, for the higher exposure category. These results do not support the assumption of a possible association between exposure to electromagnetic fields and leukaemia and brain tumours. The possible association between exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls or magnetic fields and risk of malignant melanoma should be studied further. (65774)

CIS 95-2251 Gender ratio of offspring and exposure to shortwave radiation among female physiotherapists. Gubéran E., Campana A., Faval P., Gubéran M., Sweetnam P.M., Tuyn J.W.N., Usel M., Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.20, No.5, p.345-348. 7 ref. (In English)

The goal of this study was to investigate whether the deficit of male births found among the offspring of Danish physiotherapists exposed to shortwave radiation during the first month of their pregnancy could be confirmed among the offspring of physiotherapists from Switzerland. A self-administrated questionnaire was mailed to all of the 2,846 female members of the Swiss Federation of Physiotherapists. It included questions on the sex and birthweight of all children of the physiotherapists, as well as on the use of shortwave or microwave equipment during the first month of each pregnancy. The sex ratio (number of males per number of females x 100) was 107 with a 95% confidence interval of 89-127 for the 508 pregnancies exposed to shortwave radiation and 101 (95% CI 90-113) for the 1,273 unexposed pregnancies. The prevalence of low birthweight (≤2,500g) was not related to exposure to shortwave radiation for either the boys or the girls. No atypical sex ratio was found for the children of female physiotherapists from Switzerland who had been exposed to shortwave radiation at the beginning of pregnancy. The findings of the Danish study could not be confirmed. (65775)

CIS 95-2252 Elbow joint disorders in relation to vibration exposure and age in stone quarry workers. Sakakibara H., Suzuki H., Momoi Y., Yamada S., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1993, Vol.65, No.1, p.9-12. 18 ref. (In English)

Angles of maximum active motion in elbow extension and flexion were measured in 74 male workers of a stone quarry in Japan. In addition, antero-posterior and lateral radiographs of both elbows were taken. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the influences of age and vibration caused by power-driven hammers and tools on the diagnosed elbow joint disorders. It was found that the duration of operation of power-driven hand tools contributed significantly to the elbow joint disorders while there was no significant relationship to the age of the workers. (65572)

CIS 95-2253 Noise emission by hydraulic pumps and noise reduction. (German: Geräuschemission von Hydraulikpumpen und Lärmminderung) Lang C.M., Nafz H.M., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 320p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 47.00., ISBN 3-89429-160-5 (In German)

The aim of this study was to determine the variation in sound pressure level data due to the different types of hydraulic pump test rigs used. Using noise emission data derived from reference pumps, correcting factors were calculated for the noise emissions of over 100 commonly used hydraulic pumps of different design and size. A mathematical model of the relationship between pump design and noise emission was developed. Noise control measures presently applied to the different types of hydraulic pumps are outlined. (65833)

CIS 95-2254 Noise control - The law and its enforcement. Penn C.N., Shaw & Sons Limited, Shaway House, 21 Bourne Park, Bourne Road, Crayford DA1 4BZ, Kent, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., Feb. 1995. xli, 387p. approx. 190 ref. Index. Price: GBP 24.95., ISBN 0-7219-0831-4 (In English)

This manual explains the law and practice relating to environmental and occupational noise in the United Kingdom. Contents: noise and sound; health effects; noise measurement; noise reduction techniques; noise nuisance; sources, effects and statutory control of noise in public places, abatement zones, construction sites, and from road traffic and aircraft; planning and development; occupational noise exposure (noise exposure and hearing loss, employer's duties and liability, statutory right to benefit, hazard evaluation, hearing conservation, role of safety committees). Summaries of relevant legal decisions are included. (65637)

CIS 95-2255 Nuclear power - Health implications of transuranium elements. (French: Energie nucléaire - Les transuraniens et la santé) World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. viii, 88p. Illus. 113 ref. Price: CHF 14.00., ISBN 92-890-1102-5 (Eng), ISBN 92-890-2102-0 (fr) (In English, French)

This report was prepared by a working group that met in Brussels, Belgium, 6-9 Nov. 1979. It is concerned with the health effects of exposure to transuranium elements, i.e. those that occur above uranium in the periodic table (the most important are neptunium, plutonium, americium and curium, all of which are generated in nuclear power reactors, and have various industrial and medical uses). The manual covers: conclusions and recommendations (metabolism and health effects, particularly of exposure to radiation from the transuranium elements; health physics and occupational aspects; environmental aspects); physical and chemical properties; metabolism, dosimetry and health effects; sources of human exposure (natural background, non-power industry, nuclear power industry); occupational aspects (plant design, organization, radiation limits, monitoring of the work environment, personnel monitoring); surveillance and medical care; environmental aspects; protective measures. In annex: mathematical models on the metabolism and elimination of transuranium elements in the human organism. (65510)

CIS 95-2256 Nonionizing radiation protection. Suess M.J., Benwell-Morison D.A., eds., WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 2nd ed., 1989. xiv, 346p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: CHF 43.00., ISBN 92-890-1116-5 (In English)

This publication covers both public and occupational health issues concerning non-ionizing radiation. Each section describes the characteristics, exposure sources, biological effects, hazard evaluation, safety standards and control measures of a particular type of radiation: ultraviolet radiation; optical radiation and lasers; infrared radiation; radiofrequency radiation; electric and magnetic fields at extremely low frequencies; ultrasound. A final section presents regulation and enforcement procedures. (See CIS 86-996 for previous edition). (65634)

CIS 95-2257 Catalogue of noise-reducing measures in the manufacturing industries - Metalworking industry. (German: Katalog lärmmindernder Massnahmen in der Fertigung - Metallverarbeitung) Horns H., Wettschureck R., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1989. 391p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 40.50., ISBN 3-88314-909-8 (In German)

More than 150 examples of noise control in the metal-working industries as well as in foundries, steelworks and the aluminium industry are described. Included are, for example, the noise control measures applied to machines such as rolling mills, rolling machines for metal forming, presses, shears, metalcutting saws, grinding machines, hydraulic pumps, conveyors, hammers and drills. (65838)

CIS 95-2258 Research results for practical use - Noise reduction - Data sheet to be transmitted to purchasers concerning the noise levels of machinery. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Geräuschdatenblatt für die Beschaffung von Maschinen) Dövener A., Fritz K.R., Haering H.U., Hübner G., Kurtz P., Lazarus H., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1992. 12p. 13 ref. (In German)

Main points covered by this information note on the obligations of sellers to transmit a data sheet concerning the noise levels of machinery to purchasers: introduction (relevant legislation: Directives 86/188/EEC and 89/392/EEC (see CIS 87-45 and 92-25, respectively) and VBG 121 (CIS 93-723)); sample data sheet (empty and filled out). List of Forschungsbericht that might be of use: No.209, 399, 447 and 481. (65822)

CIS 95-2259 Research results for practical use - Noise reduction: Sound levels. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Lärmminderung: Geräuschemissionswerte - Teil 1; Teil 2; Teil 3; Teil 4) Probst W., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1994. 17+10+8+8p. Illus. 37 ref. (In German)

Series of four information notes on noise reduction. Part 1 (Basic information on sound levels) covers: units used in measuring sound levels; measurement standards; recommendations concerning quality control. Part 2 concerns the establishment of reference points for sound levels. Part 3 deals with the establishment of reference values for machines of which the sound emission levels can be measured individually. Part 4 concerns the establishment of reference values for machines the sound emission levels of which must be evaluated on the basis of type measurements. (65825)

CIS 95-2260 Ear protectors. (German: Gehörschützer) Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Abteilung für Unfallverhütung und Berufskrankheitenbekämpfung, Adalbert-Stifter-Strasse 65, 1201 Wien, Austria, July 1995. 20p. Illus. 7 ref. (In German)

Contents of this information note on hearing protection: general concepts; hearing and hearing protection; principles of hearing protection equipment (types, classification); recommendations on equipment purchase; obstacles to the wearing of hearing protectors; selection, use and maintenance. In annex: check lists. (65498)

CIS 95-2261 Hot work at docks. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, Sep. 1995. 4p. 10 ref. (In English)

This information sheet provides guidance on precautions to be taken in connection with hot work at docks and on ships in them. Topics covered: hot work (use of open fires, flames and application of heat); legislation; responsibilities of dock and harbour authorities, terminal operators, individual employers, and masters of ships; permits-to work; training and supervision; precautions during hot work on tankers and combination carriers. (65614)

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CIS 95-2262 Requirements for a floor slip-resistance measurement standard - Literature review and discussion. (French: Exigences pour une norme de mesure de la glissance des sols - Etude documentaire et discussion) Tisserand M., Leclercq S., Saulnier H., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1987-159-95, p.191-199. 50 ref. (In French)

This literature review surveys methods available for assessing the slip resistance of pedestrian floors. It discusses the criteria used to date and suggests essential requirements for the standardization of methods at the European level; the diversity of methods used at present leads to different, sometimes contradictory floor classifications, which can lead to errors in proposals for the prevention of accidents due to slipping. The study covers the following: metrological principles (objective or subjective methods), most sensitive measurement factors (kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the test, definition of floor state: dry, wet, oily). These characteristics are selected firstly to ensure the validity of the test (ability to reflect the real risk) and secondly to ensure its reliability (measurement repeatability and reproducibility). The great sensitivity of the friction coefficient to these basic metrological criteria, and also to most of the measurement parameters, means that in-depth analysis is required before any normative decision is taken. (65782)

CIS 95-2263 Shock resistance of light roofing plates. (French: Résistance au choc des plaques de couverture légère) Paureau J., Parisot E., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1990-159-95, p.231-242. Illus. 13 ref. (In French)

The method used to test shock resistance of reinforced asbestos-cement plates was adapted to the testing of 44 types of light roofing plates. Tensile tests on notched and unnotched specimens demonstrated the possible effects of ageing, notches and above all temperature on plate resistance. The influence of the conditions of mounting and the statistical significance of the results are also discussed. The resistance values announced for the plates tested should be considered as indications rather than specifications. (65785)

CIS 95-2264 Carded wool spinning. (Italian: Filatura del cardato) Banchi G., Perazzi B., Perissi S., Centro regionale di documentazione per la prevenzione ambientale e del lavoro (CEDOC), eds., Regione Toscana Giunta Regionale, Via dei Servi 51, 50122 Firenze, Italy, 1994. 79p. Illus. (In Italian)

This monograph describes the different hazards associated with carded wool spinning using modern machinery. Contents: generalities (including statistics on accidents in the industry); phases of the manufacturing process (fibre preparation, carding, spinning); analysis of hazards and their prevention; relevant legislation and standards in Italy; glossary. (65551)

CIS 95-2265 Workers Compensation statistics: A profile of Australian hand tool injuries and diseases. Coleman N., Long A.F., National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. v, 28p. Illus. 27 ref., ISBN 0-644-35279-5 (In English)

This report examines the types of injuries and diseases resulting from the use of hand tools in Australia and investigates the specific tools, industries, occupations and costs involved. Data relate to 1991-92 with some comparisons with 1986-87. Knives and cutlery accounted for the highest proportion of compensation claims followed by abrasive planing and cutting tools. Occupational groups most affected were tradespersons, labourers and related workers; most affected industries were manufacturing, construction and wholesale and retail trades. Behaviourally-oriented strategies are considered to have the most widespread impact on the reduction of hand tool injuries and diseases. (65603)

CIS 95-2266 Approved code of practice for training operators and instructors of powered industrial lift trucks (forklifts). Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, Aug. 1995. 54p. Illus. 15 ref. Price: NZD 10.00., ISBN 0-477-03577-9 (In English)

This code of practice outlines a standard of training that should be provided by forklift owners, managers and trainers of forklift operators. Contents: definition of powered industrial truck vehicles and alternative names; causes of accidents and responsibilities of employers and operators; maintenance of forklifts; procedures and requirements for instructor registration; outline of training programme; extract from a national standard on operating safety rules and practices. A sample theory test is included. (65602)

CIS 95-2267 National occupational health and safety certification standard for users and operators of industrial equipment. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 2nd ed., Jan. 1995. viii, 218p. 3 ref., ISBN 0-644-35276-0 (In English)

This revised national standard specifies nationally uniform certification classes and competency standards for scaffolding and rigging, crane and hoist operation and pressure equipment operation. General certification requirements common to all certificate classes are specified along with detailed performance requirements for work involving the use of industrial equipment in each certificate category. Replaces previous edition (CIS 93-1724). (65623)

CIS 95-2268 Approved code of practice for powder-actuated, hand-held fastening tools. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, May 1995. 24p. 6 ref. Price: NZD 10.00., ISBN 0-477-03571-X (In English)

Contents of this code of practice: general safety requirements for powder-actuated fastening tools (provision of operating instructions, responsibilities of employers and operators, instruction and training, certificate of competence as an operator); safe operating procedures (loading, eye and ear protection, characteristics of materials being fixed, caution signs, misfiring, storage of tools and charges); inspection and maintenance. (65626)

CIS 95-2269 Single-blade edging circular saws for timber. (French: Déligneuses monolame pour le débit des bois massifs) Lamoureux P., L'Huillier J.C., Ciccotelli J., Cahiers de notes documentaires - Hygiène et sécurité du travail, 2nd Quarter 1995, No.159, Note No.1986-159-95, p.169-190. Illus. 19 ref. (In French)

Designed for managers, supervisory staff and foremen, this technical safety data sheet deals with the occupational risks involved in sawing timber with single-blade edging circular saws, and their prevention. These machines are used mainly in saw mills, the woodworking industry and the furniture and packing industries. Contents include: description, conditions of acquisition of a new or second-hand machine (reception, location, installation); conditions of use (guarding of mobile transmission and working parts, noise level); implementation and user instructions (workplace, preparation, use and maintenance). The appendix includes a diagram of an interlocking device with guard locking for an access door in an enclosure, and safety distances to be applied to openings. (65781)

CIS 95-2270 Approved code of practice for power-operated elevating work platforms. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, May 1995. 31p. 11 ref. Price: NZD 10.00., ISBN 0-477-03574-4 (In English)

This code provides guidelines for the design, safe use and maintenance of power-operated elevating work platforms. Contents: responsibilities of manufacturers, employers, operators and others; general safety requirements (hydraulic equipment, welding, fuel and exhaust systems, platforms and guardrails); machine controls; safety features; markings and documentation; stability tests; acceptance of work platforms; work platform maintenance; machine operation. (65628)

CIS 95-2271 Railway safety: The prevention of risk to workers on the track. Health and Safety Commission, Railway Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, May 1995. iii, 20p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: GBP 7.95., ISBN 0-7176-0805-0 (In English)

Contents of this safety guide: legal requirements for assessing and controlling risks to railway track workers; removing the risk by segregation of workers from trains; protective systems during work near moving trains (assessment of employee competence and physical health and fitness, safe means of access and refuges, provision of track safety information); safety systems to warn of trains; warnings from trains; high-visibility clothing; management of health and safety (maintenance of safety systems, reporting of accidents and near misses). In appendix: training and certification of competence; medical standards for people required to go on or near the track. (65616)

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CIS 95-2272 Exposure to air contaminants in chicken catching. Nielsen B.H., Breum N.O., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.804-808. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

The job of a chicken catcher in the modern poultry industry is to catch the chickens (raised in chicken houses housing up to 50,000 birds) by hand and place them in cages for transportation by truck to a processing plant. Two methods are used for loading birds into cages: the drawer method (DM) (loading birds into cages mounted in a rack standing on the floor) and the truck method (TM) (loading birds into cages on a trailer truck parked inside the chicken house). According to this Danish study, DM catchers are exposed to higher concentrations of hazardous substances (endotoxins, viable bacteria, viable fungi) than TM catchers, except for ammonia. Full-shift dust exposure exceeded the Danish occupational exposure limit of 3mg/m³ by at least a factor of 2 (the concentration of respirable dust ranged from 18% to 28% of the total dust concentration). Bacterial endotoxin concentrations in total dust were also 4-8 times higher than the 10ng/m³ limit recommended for poultry processing workers in the US. Exposure to microorganisms was also very high. In light of the high levels of exposure to airborne contaminants, the development of preventive measures is recommended. (65504)

CIS 95-2273 Occupational exposure to Mycobacterium bovis infection in deer and elk in Ontario. Liss G.M., Wong L., Kittle D.C., Simor A., Naus M., Martiquet P., Misener C.R., Canadian Journal of Public Health - Revue canadienne de santé publique, Sep.-Oct. 1994, Vol.85, No.5, p.326-329. 19 ref. (In English)

In late 1991, two herds of deer and elk were depopulated at a slaughtering plant in Ontario, Canada, followed by processing of infected animals at a rendering plant. A questionnaire plus tuberculin skin-test survey was conducted of 104 exposed slaughtering and rendering plant workers, and government veterinarians and inspectors. Overall, 17 cases were skin-test positive; one of 51 initially skin-test negative subjects tested a second time three months later became positive, consistent with the risk associated with occupational exposure during the depopulation of tuberculous elk previously observed in Alberta, Canada. The likely route of transmission is through aerosols. Possible reasons for the low conversion rate include the use of respiratory protection, absence of a tanning plant, an enclosed rendering plant process, and late skin testing which may have underestimated the number of conversions. Recommendations for prevention are summarized. (65741)

CIS 95-2274 Trichothecene mycotoxins in the dust of ventilation systems in office buildings. Smoragiewicz W., Cossette B., Boutard A., Krzystyniak K., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1993, Vol.65, No.2, p.113-117. 25 ref. (In English)

The presence of trichothecene mycotoxins in dust samples from the air conditioning systems of four office buildings in Montreal, Canada, was determined. The buildings were known to cause sick building syndrome among their occupants. Analyses of the dust samples by thin-layer chromatography yielded four kinds of trichothecene mycotoxins. The results were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography. This method appeared to be more sensitive while positive colour reaction on thin-layer chromatography plates using 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine proved less costly and less time-consuming. It was found suitable for qualitative detection of trichothecene mycotoxins in dust extracts. (65573)

CIS 95-2275 Improving working conditions - Workplace AIDS policies. (French: Pour une amélioration des conditions de travail - Une politique-SIDA dans l'entreprise) Vaillancourt M., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.359-368. Illus. 60 ref. (In French)

Main issues dealt with in this review of current knowledge on workplace AIDS and on the relevance of the implementation of an AIDS policy in companies: Should a company institute an AIDS policy? Do carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) threaten the health of their colleagues, customers or that of their own? Disclosure of the serological status of workers has serious socio-economic consequences. Is it possible to prevent involuntary unemployment of HIV-infected workers or to workers having AIDS who otherwise accomplish their duties? What are the essential elements of a workplace AIDS policy? What are the ethical issues to be considered in developing an AIDS policy? (65492)

CIS 95-2276 Indoor air quality - Biological contaminants. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1990. v, 67p. 40 ref. Price: CHF 9.00., ISBN 92-890-1122-X (In English)

Report of a Working Group on Indoor Air Quality: Biological Contaminants convened in Rautavaara, Finland, 29 August-2 September 1988. Topics covered: nature and definition of morbidity effects; hazard assessment; environmental measurement, sampling and analysis; sources of microbiological contaminants; environmental and biological factors in the indoor environment; strategies for control of biological contaminants (building design, ventilation, cleaning); conclusions and recommendations. Summaries in French, German and Russian. (65635)

CIS 95-2277 Guide to the prevention of microbial proliferation in ventilation systems. (French: Guide de prévention contre la prolifération microbienne dans les systèmes de ventilation) Lavoie J., Lazure L., IRSST - Institut de recherche en santé et en sécurité du travail au Québec, Direction des communications, 505, Blvd. de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal, Québec H3A 3C2, Canada, Oct. 1994. 1 loose-leaf binder. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CAD 25.00., ISBN 2-551-13374-2 (In French)

Contents of this safety guide aimed at designers of ventilation systems and at all those potentially affected by the biological contamination of such systems: microorganisms in general (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, antigens); air treatment systems (air conditioning system components and processes); biological contaminants of system components; inspection procedures (visual methods and biological sampling); maintenance and cleaning; preventive measures and legislation applicable to various components of ventilation systems. In annex: diagrammatic presentation of biological contamination of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems; sample estimate form for the cleaning of ventilation ducts; sample check-list for the inspection of ventilation systems. (65545)

CIS 95-2278 Sick building syndrome: Evaluation methodology. (Spanish: El síndrome del edificio enfermo: metodología de evaluación) Berenguer Subils M.J., Guardino Solá X., Hernández Calleja A., Martí Solé M.C., Nogareda Cuixart C., Solé Gómez M.D., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 149p. Illus. 66 ref., ISBN 84-7425-393-4 (In Spanish)

After presenting some basic concepts of sick building syndrome (definitions, symptoms and risk factors), this book focusses on how to evaluate and control risks when dealing with this situation. Main aspects analyzed are: artificial lighting; noise and vibration; air temperature; humidity; ventilation; ergonomic and psychosocial factors; thermal comfort; chemical and biological hazards. Fourteen case studies as well as 5 annexes are included. The annexes deal with: (a) chemical and biological contaminants; (b) questionnaires; (c) measurement of indoor air quality; (d) organizations and publications on indoor air quality; (e) reference values. (65725)

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CIS 95-2279 Dance-specific injuries and overuse syndrome. (German: Tanz-typische Verletzungen und überlastungssyndrome) Riel K.A., Bernett P., Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, 1993, Vol.44, No.7, p.284-286, 288-290. Illus. 23 ref. ### (In German)

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CIS 95-2280 A computerized system for analysing working postures in agriculture. Pinzke S., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, June 1994, Vol.13, No.4, p.307-315. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

This paper presents a computerized programme for analyzing work postures in agriculture. The system contains two types of routines for studies of observation, Working Posture Analysing System (WOPALAS) and a simple video film technique for Registration and Analysis of working postures and movements (VIRA). Furthermore, the system consists of programmes for moment calculations and routines for registration of problems in the locomotive organs. The computerized system provides several advantages compared with traditional manual systems. It is less demanding for the operator and the analyses are more accurate. The system rapidly provides the results of an analysis. The system can be advantageously used in ergonomic research and teaching as well as by company health service centres. (65756)

CIS 95-2281 Low-back pain within EDF-GDF - Study over two years of the medical and socio-economic consequences of occupational injuries. (French: Les lombalgies à EDF-GDF - Etude des circonstances et conséquences socio-économiques des accidents du travail sur deux ans) Charuel C., Romazini S., Gallin-Martel C., Martin A., Schlumberger H.G., De Gaudemaris R., Archives des maladies professionnelles, de médecine du travail et de sécurité sociale, 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.727-732. Illus. 10 ref. (In French)

A study of subjects suffering from occupational back pain during the period 1987-1988 was carried out by occupational physicians of the electricity and gas company EDF-GDF (France) to evaluate the circumstances and causes, the seriousness and the medical, social and professional consequences of the condition. A multivariate analysis revealed the risk factors particular to each professional group. Priority was given to two kinds of activity: trench welding and work requiring much travel, both of which had a high incidence of back pain due to the frequent rotation of the body. A prevention programme can be established for each professional category: modified workstation fittings, modification of work processes, body movement training. The evaluation strategy of these various actions are still to be defined. (65496)

CIS 95-2282 Prevention of back injuries in healthcare workers. Garg A., Owen B., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Dec. 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.315-331. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

Five manual techniques were evaluated for transferring patients from wheelchair to toilet and toilet to wheelchair. In addition, three different mechanical hoists were studied for transferring patients from toilet to wheelchair. Six female nursing students served as both nurses and passive patients. The mean trunk flexion moments, erector spinae muscle forces and compressive forces for the four manual pulling methods ranged from 93 to 133Nm, 1861 to 2653N and 1974 to 2745N, respectively, as compared to about 200Nm, 4100N and 4800N for two-person manual lifting. Manual lifting was perceived to be the most stressful by the nurses and the least comfortable and secure by the patients. An intervention study was conducted in a nursing home to determine the effectiveness of ergonomic changes. The reported incidence and severity rates for back injuries over 13 months decreased from 83 to 43 and from 634 to 0, respectively, after the intervention. (65752)

CIS 95-2283 Seated VDU work-station organization. (French: Méthodes d'aménagement de postes assis avec écran de visualisation) Cail F., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 3rd Quarter 1994, No.59, p.271-273. Illus. 6 ref. (In French)

Two methods are described for choosing a fixed-height screen keyboard configuration that would eliminate errors during the design of a VDU workstation and respect the recommended angles and work surfaces for maximum user comfort. (65500)

CIS 95-2284 Proceedings of the Fourth SEAS Conference "Ergonomics for Productivity and Safe Work". Journal of Human Ergology, June 1995, Vol.24, No.1, p.37-135. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Papers presented at the Fourth Conference of the South-East Asian Ergonomics Society (Bangkok, Thailand, 21-23 Nov. 1994). Abridged titles: participatory ergonomics that builds on local solutions; the irruption of new technologies; improvement of lifting heavy objects work; development of mat weaving frame for better posture; ergonomics considerations for the design and development of agricultural machinery in Thailand; an intelligent safety feature of AGVs [automated guided vehicles]; eye scanning behaviour as a discriminator of instrument- and scenery-centred flight task; visual comfort in VDT workstation design; pupillary response among VDU users in daylighted workplaces; improving working conditions at worksites providing school lunch service in Japan; introducing ergonomics through "subak" organization among the farmers in Bali; experiences of successful action programmes in small scale enterprises in Thailand; ergonomics productivity enhancement at government-owned sugar cane factories in East Java, Indonesia; ergonomics for industrially developing countries; how to benefit from ergonomic interventions through participation by workers, managers and the company: an example of a small- to medium-sized factory with no ergonomic knowledge; relation between feelings of fatigue, reaction time and work productivity. (65592)

CIS 95-2285 Evaluation of an ergonomics intervention programme in VDT workplaces. Westlander G., Viitasara E., Johansson A., Shahnavaz H., Applied Ergonomics, Apr. 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p.83-92. 16 ref. (In English)

Surveys of work conditions, work loads and job-related health issues were carried out among VDT operators engaged in routine data-entry and data-dialogue tasks in two Swedish companies. On the basis of these surveys, an intervention programme was developed, implemented and evaluated. Evaluation criteria covered the opinions of personnel on the programme, efforts made to implement suggested measures and recommendations, and the impact of organizational conditions on the implementation of the programme. Particular emphasis was placed on the research interest of the study. The role of the organizational context in the effective implementation of an intervention plan is discussed. (65608)

CIS 95-2286 Packing products for customers - An ergonomics evaluation of three supermarket checkouts. Carrasco C., Coleman N., Healey S., Lusted M., Applied Ergonomics, Apr. 1995, Vol.26, No.2, p. 101-108. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

An ergonomic evaluation was carried out on three different designs of checkout workstations which require the operator to stand while they scan the products, pack them into plastic bags and transfer the packed bags to the customer. Musculoskeletal load and exertion were measured, subjective rankings obtained and productivity was examined. Some of the variables measured showed significant differences in postural load between the workstations. The results of the evaluation formed the basis of recommendations for an improved workstation design. (65609)

CIS 95-2287 Sustained muscle tension as a risk factor for trapezius myalgia. Veiersted K.B., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Dec. 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.333-339. Illus. 37 ref. (In English)

Thirty female chocolate packers were included in a prospective study to relate trapezius muscle activity during work to the development of myalgia. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings and interviews on risk factors were performed at the start of employment and every 10th week. The muscle activity was characterized by the averaged static and median level. Only data obtained before a possible development of severe symptoms of trapezius myalgia (patient) was used in the analysis. Seventeen of the subjects became patients within the first year of employment. Machine-stops occurred accidentally during work. At one task the stops induced a pause where the subjects passively waited for the machine to start. Twenty-one subjects experienced machine-stops of sufficient duration to be evaluated for a potential "resting tension". Future patients showed significantly higher "resting tension" compared to healthy controls. (65753)

CIS 95-2288 Relationship between trapezius load and the incidence of musculoskeletal illness in the neck and shoulder. Aarås A., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Dec. 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.341-348. Illus. 22 ref. (In English)

A relationship between trapezius load measured by electromyography (EMG) and the incidence of musculoskeletal illness in the neck and shoulder regions, was investigated for both assembly workers and VDT operators. For assembly workers, the static trapezius load was significantly reduced from 4.3% MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction) to 1.4% MVC as a group median value after an ergonomic adaptation of their work places. Musculoskeletal sick-leave was significantly reduced from 22.9 days to 1.8 days as a medium duration per-man-labour year for the same group. All three groups of VDT operators reported significantly less intensity or duration of pain either in the neck or shoulder region after ergonomic intervention. The trapezius load was reduced for all groups post vs. prior intervention. The results from this study indicate that the trapezius load may be a predictor for development of musculoskeletal illness in the neck and shoulder regions. (65754)

CIS 95-2289 Applying ergonomics with the help of its users. (Spanish: Aplicando la ergonomía con la ayuda de sus usuarios) Montero Martínez R., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Jan.-Mar. 1994, Vol.22, No.81, p.43-50. Illus. 18 ref. ### (In Spanish)

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CIS 95-2290 Determination of occupational stress in refuse collectors by applying work organization analysis to physiological data on heart rate and on posture. (French: Détermination des contraintes liées à l'activité professionnelle du ripeur par l'analyse organisationnelle du travail en relation avec les données physiologiques de fréquence cardiaque et de postures) Fontana L., Chamoux A., Albuisson E., Borel A.M., Djeriri K., Catilina M.J., Verjux T., Catilina P., Archives des maladies professionnelles et de médecine du travail, 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.351-358. Illus. 13 ref. (In French)

A study was conducted on twenty-six refuse collectors (mean age = 33.2yrs ± 9.2yrs) in order to: (1) assess the workload by measuring the heart rate in order to establish the greatest sources of stress; (2) to study the association between working postures and different kinds of refuse; (3) to describe and analyze work organization. The mean heart rate during work was 104.6 ± 16.3 beats per minute. The average relative cardiac cost was 32.9% ± 11.5; this qualifies the job as being "hard" according to the Chamoux method. A number of stress sources were identified: collection organization, the collected tonnage, the type of collected refuse and time constraints. Solutions to improve work organization and to reduce workload and spinal stress are discussed. (65491)

CIS 95-2291 Work and backache: Epidemiology and prevention. (Spanish: El trabajo y la lumbalgia: epidemiología y prevención) Nieto F.J., Piñero Delgado I., Salud y trabajo, 1994, No.102, p.24-32. Illus. 36 ref. (In Spanish)

Risk factors of backache, in particular occupational ones, as well as hazard evaluation and preventive measures of back disorders are described. Frequency rates in various countries are given. Tables illustrating the discussion are included. In annex: questionnaires on musculoskeletal disorders and backache. (65723)

CIS 95-2292 Life-time occupational exposure to heavy work and individual physical capacity. Nygård C.H., Kilbom A., Hjelm E.W., Winkel J., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Dec. 1994, Vol.14, No.4, p.365-372. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

The aim of the study was to retrospectively analyze the effect of occupational physical activity on maximal isometric hand grip strength and maximal oxygen consumption among males and females between 19 and 64 years of age in different occupations. A life-time occupational physical activity index was formed from questions in a questionnaire. The maximal isometric hand grip strength was measured with a dynamometer and maximal oxygen consumption was estimated from a submaximal bicycle ergonometer test. The results showed a negative correlation between physical activity and estimated maximal oxygen consumption among males but no other statistically significant associations between life-time physical activity and the present physical capacity was found. The present results suggest that a high level of occupational physical activity does not maintain individual physical capacity. (65755)

CIS 95-2293 Repetitive work of the upper extremity: Part I - Guidelines for the practitioner; Part II - The scientific (knowledge base) for the guide. Kilbom A., International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Aug. 1994, Vol.14, No.1-2, p.51-86. 98 ref. (In English)

The aim of the guideline is to provide assistance in primary and secondary prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities, associated with repetitive work. The guideline applies to design of new work stations and work organizations, as well as to work redesign. In the second part of the paper the aim is to: define repetitive work of the upper extremity and the parameters by which it should be described; review scientific literature with regard to the exposure-effect relationship between repetitive work of the upper extremity and short-term and long-term effects, especially musculoskeletal disorders; evaluate if there is sufficient support for recommendations that will reduce the risk of such injuries. Specific suggestions for further research on epidemiological exposure-effect relationships and pathophysiological mechanisms are made. (65758)

CIS 95-2294 Study of the exposure limits in constraining climatic conditions for strenuous tasks: An ergonomic approach. Intaranont K., Vanwonterghem K., Chulalongkorn University, Laboratory for Ergonomics Research, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Jan. 1994. ix, 183p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Final report of a 1990-93 research project sponsored by Directorate General XII-G of the Commission of the European Communities and implemented by Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, and CERGO International, Belgium. Anthropometric and work capacity data were collected in an air-conditioned laboratory, after which physiological and environmental measurements were made under real working conditions in five industries (steel, ceramics, agriculture, glass and building construction). Thai workers, both men and women, showed higher heart rates at a given level of oxygen consumption than published values for Europeans. As this is a criterion used to relate wet-bulb globe thermometer (WBGT) readings to the risk of fatigue and heat stress, a set of curves relating WBGT to workload for various work-rest schedules was developed to fit the Thai situation. The field observations revealed ergonomic problems other than those related to temperature (e.g., repetitive work in ceramics packing). (65768)

CIS 95-2295 Performance of immersion suit and lifejacket combinations at sea. Armstrong I.J., Bennett-Smith S.C., Coleshaw S.R.K., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. iii, 89p. 16 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-0854-9 (In English)

The performance of lifejackets and lifejacket/immersion suit combinations was measured at sea using a marine manikin; self righting ability and airways protection were considered. Both the insulated immersion suit and the inflatable immersion suit provided excellent airways protection; lifejackets with high buoyancy, a high proportion of the buoyancy behind the head, and a single chest lobe performed better than others. Lifejackets with a single chest lobe and high buoyancy also performed well in self righting tests. Wearing of an uninsulated immersion suit substantially improved the airways protection offered by the lifejackets and did not impair self righting performance. (65605)

CIS 95-2296 Methodological guide to the ergonomic study of supermarket cashier work. (Spanish: Guía metodológica para el estudio ergonómico del trabajo de "cajera de hipermercado") Villar Fernández F., Carretero Ruiz R., Alvarez Brime C., Hoyo Delgado A., Sanz Merinero J.A., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1994. 68[+70]p. Illus. 18 ref., ISBN 84-7425-406-X (In Spanish)

This survey of ergonomical research methods covers: methodology of ergonomic research; observations at the beginning of the study; analysis and evaluation of study factors (individual characteristics and opinions; job task requirements; workstation design; lighting conditions; microclimate conditions; environmental noise; physical and mental workload; work organization and psychosocial factors). In annex: sample workplace plan; example of a workstation layout (horizontal and lateral views); list of product purchases used for the task simulation; analysis of the hand and eye movements of check-out personnel; analysis of microclimate data; analysis of arm position during the work cycle; sample questionnaire used for surveying check-out personnel. (65560)

CIS 95-2297 Work, productivity, and human performance: Practical case studies in ergonomics, human factors and human engineering. Fraser T.M., Pityn P.J., Charles C. Thomas, Publisher, 2600 South First Street, Springfield, IL 62794-9265, USA, 1994. x, 184p. Illus. 11 ref. Index. Price: USD 46.95 (USD 29.95 paperback)., ISBN 0-398-05910-1 (In English)

This manual presents 12 case studies which illustrate how the application of ergonomics, human factors and human engineering may be used to improve work performance in a variety of occupational situations. Studies concern: injury to a handicapped worker; manual lifting of cartons; work in awkward postures; physically demanding work; workload and excessive working hours; physical aptitude of female workers and discriminatory hiring practices; mental stress in a supervisor; intensive use of small hand tools; fatigue among office workers using VDTs. In each case, the situation is described and solutions are suggested. (65660)

CIS 95-2298 Job rotation in office and administration work. (German: Mischarbeit in Büro und Verwaltung) Hahn H., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH., Postfach 10 11 10, Am Alten Hafen 113-115, 2850 Bremerhaven 1, Germany, 1992. 93p. Illus. 16 ref. Price: DEM 21.50., ISBN 3-89429-188-5 (In German)

Word processing causes mental and unilateral stress and strains the eyes, neck and shoulders. Models of job enrichment and job rotation are presented for office employees such as secretaries and clerks to relieve strain caused by work solely on visual display screens. The service centre model, for example, combines word processing with all other possible secretarial duties. Three groups of duties are performed at three workplaces shared by several secretaries who switch from one to the other according to a fixed schedule. (65836)

CIS 95-2299 Carpal tunnel syndrome and other disorders of the median nerve. Rosenbaum R.B., Ochoa J.L., Butterworth Heinemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 1993. xix, 358p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 90.00., ISBN 0-7506-9229-4 (In English)

Contents of this manual: anatomy of the median nerve; clinical presentation and diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome; carpal tunnel syndrome with other medical conditions; electrodiagnostic methods and their interpretation; quantitative sensory testing; thermography; imaging the carpal tunnel; acute and chronic mechanical nerve injury; activity, occupation and carpal tunnel syndrome (relation between manual activity and carpal tunnel syndrome, biological plausibility, vibration exposure, prevention, medical-legal issues); surgical and nonsurgical treatment; median neuropathy; tumours of the median nerve. (65639)

CIS 95-2300 High altitude medicine and physiology. Ward M.P., Milledge J.S., West J.B., Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1995. xviii, 618p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 69.00., ISBN 0-412-54610-8 (In English)

Contents of this manual: the human response to altitude; ventilatory response to hypoxia and carbon dioxide; lung diffusion; cardiovascular system; haematology; blood gas transport; peripheral tissues; exercise; limiting factors at extreme altitude; sleep; nutrition and intestinal function; the endocrine and renal systems; central nervous system; high-altitude populations; mountain sickness; high-altitude pulmonary oedema, cerebral oedema and retinal haemorrhage; vascular disorders; thermal balance and its regulation; reaction to cold; hypothermia; local cold injury; accidents, surgical emergencies and anaesthesia; skiing injuries and rescue in the mountains; heat injury and solar radiation; medical conditions at high altitude - leisure and commercial activities; fitness and performance in the mountains; practicalities of field studies. (65658)

CIS 95-2301 Research results for practical use - Measurement of lighting in the workplace. (German: Forschungsergebnisse für die Praxis - Messung von Beleuchtungsanlagen in Innenräumen) Lindemuth F., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1-25, Postfach 17 02 02, 44061 Dortmund, Germany, 1992. 16p. Illus. 13 ref. (In German)

The rules applicable in Germany relating to lighting in the workplace must follow the prescriptions in Standard DIN 5035 as well as in Paragraph 7 of the Ordinance on Workplaces (see CIS 95-3). Main features of this information note: preparatory work preceding lighting measurement; measurement; utilization of results; global evaluation of lighting in the workplace; sample form used for the evaluation of lighting data. Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz reports on which this information note is based: Forschungsbericht No.354 (CIS 85-643), 388, 504 (CIS 88-2089) and 567. (65821)

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CIS 95-2302 Cognitive performance during respirator wear in the absence of other stressors. Caretti D.M., Bay-Hansen L.A., Kuhlmann W.D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1995, Vol.56, No.8, p.776-781. Illus. 24 ref. (In English)

In order to assess the effects of respirator wear on cognitive performance, 12 men and 5 women volunteers were subjected to two (with and without wearing a respirator) 3.5h sessions of computer-controlled testing of their reaction time, decision-making and response accuracy. The anxiety levels of the subjects were also assessed. There were no significant differences in reaction time and response accuracy between the respirator and control trials. However, mean decision-making times were significantly faster during respirator wear than during the control tests. Respirator use probably increases mental function arousal and improves focussing of attention by excluding peripheral visual stimuli. The results suggest that respirator use over a relatively short period of time does not inhibit cognitive function. (65502)

CIS 95-2303 Job stress, social support and health amongst shrimp fishermen. Johnson G.D., Thomas J.S., Riordan C.A., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.343-354. 20 ref. (In English)

A survey was carried out among 211 shrimp fishermen and 99 land-based workers in a US Gulf Coast fishing community. The fishermen reported greater exposure to occupational stressors, greater amounts of social support and greater amounts of non-clinical depression and psychosomatic symptoms. A model of the stress process indicated that workers who were exposed to high levels of occupational stress, such as migration and safety factors, experienced higher levels of depression and somatic symptoms. However, no evidence was found of an indirect effect of social support on health outcomes. (65584)

CIS 95-2304 Chronic occupational stress and cardiovascular risk in schoolteachers. (Bulgarian: Hroničen profesionalen stres i sărdečno-sădov risk pri učiteli) Dejanov H., Hadžiolova I., Minčeva L., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.81-90. 24 ref. (In Bulgarian)

Changes with age in arterial pressure (AP) and incidence of arterial hypertension (AH), as well as the probability of developing ischaemic heart disease, were compared between 168 school teachers and a control group of 183 women working as office employees, designers, researchers etc. The teachers showed a closer correlation of age to AP level than did controls. Systolic AP increased markedly after 45 years of age, and there was a significant difference between the first and the second halves of the 4th decade. Diastolic AP was also higher in teachers than in controls. Duration of teaching experience was strongly correlated with systolic and diastolic AP. Beyond 40 years of age teachers showed a high incidence of AH (31%). The whole group was at high cardiovascular risk. Summary in English. (65811)

CIS 95-2305 "Burn-out" syndrome in personnel at child-care establishments. (Bulgarian: Razprostranenie na burn-out sindroma pri personal na detski zavedenija) Cenova V., Tat'ozov T., Antonova C., Cvetkova M., Problemi na higienata, 1995, Vol.20, p.90-100. 9 ref. (In Bulgarian)

The study covered 180 persons taking care of children at nurseries and Mother-and-Child Homes (MCH). Burnout is a consequence of unsurmounted prolonged occupational stress characterized by a growing sense of professional exhaustion, indifference to the ones under one's care, decreased reliance on one's own professional skills and loss of motivation for work. These symptoms were assessed with the Maslach Burn-Out Inventory. Clearly manifested symptoms were noted in 30% of the subjects. The prevalence was higher in MCHs. Burn-out in attending personnel carries a risk for the general development of children, which increases the need to recognize the problem and define responsibilities for prevention. Summary in English. (65812)

CIS 95-2306 Safe systems of work: Many a slip trip and fall - The role of human factors in an organisation's health and safety management system. Everley M., Health and Safety at Work, June 1995, Vol.17, No.6, p.19-22. Illus. ### (In English)

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CIS 95-2307 Changing work environments: Innovative coping responses to occupational stress. Bunce D., West M., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.319-331. 44 ref. (In English)

A questionnaire survey was carried out among 333 health care professionals to investigate the extent to which individuals adapt their work environment in response to occupational stress. Approximately 32% reported innovative responses to occupational stress. Paramedics and community nurses reported the highest frequency; clerical and hospital nurses reported the lowest incidence. The majority of the innovative responses involved some change in working procedures. Overwork, procedural difficulties and dealing with others elicited most innovative coping responses. The study shows that such responses were perceived as an effective and important means of dealing with occupational stress. (65583)

CIS 95-2308 A proposed methodology for the prediction of mental workload, based on engineering system parameters. Bi S., Salvendy G., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.355-371. 37 ref. (In English)

A conceptual model for the prediction of mental workload in system design is proposed. In this model, workload is represented by a set of system parameters (task arrival rate, task complexity, task uncertainty and performance requirements) which are considered to be the main sources of workload. Whether an individual or population is overloaded depends on their workload threshold with respect to the specified task and environment. It is hoped that this model, after laboratory and industrial validation, may be used by system engineers to predict the workload imposed on people by systems. (65585)

CIS 95-2309 Coping resources, coping strategies and adjustment to organizational change: Direct or buffering effects?. Callan V.J., Terry D.J., Schweitzer R., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.372-383. 35 ref. (In English)

Two models for examining the effects of personal and social resources, coping strategies and stress on levels of anxiety and depression were tested: the main effects model proposes that, irrespective of the level of stress, coping resources and strategies have direct effects on well-being; the buffering model predicts that the buffering effects of coping resources and strategies are only evident at high levels of stress. A survey of 100 lawyers revealed strong support for the main effects model in the prediction of levels of anxiety and depression. Lower levels of anxiety and depression were linked to judgments of lower levels of organizational change. (65586)

CIS 95-2310 Relationship between drinking habits and accident or sickness absenteeism among male workers at a steel works. (Japanese: Bō seitetsujo ni okeru dansei jūgyōin no inshu shūkan to shōbyōkyūgyō to no kanren) Masumoto T., Tanaka K., Kudo T., Hiramoto Y., Okawa H., Journal of Labour Hygiene in the Iron and Steel Industry - Tekko Rōdō Eisei, 1 Mar. 1994, Vol.41, No.2, p.108-111. Illus. 6 ref. (In Japanese)

The 2,349 male workers who suffered accidents or diseases from Feb. through Nov. 1992 in a steel manufacturing plant with a total workforce of 12,000 were classified into three groups: non-drinkers, those consuming less than two servings of alcoholic beverages (less than 0.36L Japanese sake) and those consuming 0.36L or more on the basis of a questionnaire survey. They were also categorized by age and by the type of disorder according to the table of occupational injuries and diseases of the Japan Steel Federation. There was no quantitative correlation between alcohol intake and absenteeism: the highest proportion of absentees fell in the "less than 0.36L/day" category. Absenteeism did increase with age. The number of workdays lost was significantly higher for the non-drinkers with digestive disorders and for the "0.36L/day and up" group with circulatory disorders than for other consumption/disorder categories. (65595)

CIS 95-2311 For the prevention of stress at the workplace. (Spanish: Por la prevención del estrés en el trabajo) Casanueva Urcullu B., Di Martino V., Salud y trabajo, 1994, No.102, p.17-23. Illus. (In Spanish)

Based on the ILO publication Conditions of Work Digest on Preventing stress at work (see CIS 93-1748), this article gives an overview of the prevention of stress at the workplace. First, it discusses the extent and costs of the problem as reasons for its prevention. Then, it describes consecutive steps which are useful in order to understand stress, recognize its existence, identify its causes and decide on the measures to take. It also outlines various enterprise programmes that might be adopted to combat stress. Finally, several legislative measures dealing with occupational stress at the national and international level are surveyed. (65722)

CIS 95-2312 Job strain and health-related quality of life in a national sample. Lerner D.J., Levine S., Malspeis S., D'Agostino R.B., American Journal of Public Health, Oct. 1994, Vol.84, No.10, p.1580-1585. 27 ref. (In English)

The study examined the relationship of job strain to comprehensive health status measures that encompass health-related quality of life. In a cross-sectional survey, 1319 working men and women, aged 18 through 64, completed a questionnaire that classified jobs into four categories: high strain, passive, low strain, and active. Subjects also completed the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey and a health distress scale. Logistic regression analyses were employed that controlled for age, race/ethnicity, gender and education. Both work and nonwork variables were included. It was found that job strain was significantly associated with five of nine components of health-related quality of life: physical functioning, role functioning related to physical health, vitality, social functioning and mental health. Job strain made a modest yet statistically significant contribution beyond the effects of chronic illness and psychosocial variables. (65736)

CIS 95-2313 A sociological analysis of occupational accidents. (Portuguese: Uma concepção sociológica dos acidentes do trabalho) Dwyer T., Revista brasileira de saúde ocupacional, Jan.-Mar. 1994, Vol.22, No.81, p.15-19. ### (In Portuguese)

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CIS 95-2314 Safe systems of work: Managing to avoid violence; Dispelling fear. Gates E., Lamplugh D., Health and Safety at Work, Feb. 1995, Vol.17, No.2, p.40-43. Illus. 5 ref. ### (In English)

Two articles on the prevention of violence, including bullying and aggressive behaviour, in the workplace. (65846)

CIS 95-2315 Healthcheck - Stress at work. Gates E., Health and Safety at Work, June 1995, Vol.17, No.6, p.13-16. 7 ref. ### (In English)

Case studies of stress in five occupations: engineering, teaching, security services, prison guards and veterinary medicine. (65848)

CIS 95-2316 Employee stress litigation: The UK experience. Earnshaw J., Cooper C.L., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.287-295. 16 ref. (In English)

The extent to which stress-induced illness can be regarded as a personal injury that could give rise to civil action for damages against employers in the United Kingdom is examined. Results of a brief survey of personal injury solicitors indicates that claims are already being initiated by employees who allege that they have suffered a stress-induced illness. Consideration is given to the hurdles that litigants will have to surmount, such as proving that their condition is work-related and that their employer was at fault, and what employers can do to protect themselves from such claims or to defend them successfully. (65581)

CIS 95-2317 Regulations, policies and practices concerning work stress in five European countries. Kompier M., De Gier E., Smulders P., Draaisma D., Work and Stress, Oct.-Dec. 1994, Vol.8, No.4, p.296-318. 27 ref. (In English)

A comparison is presented of regulations, policies and practices concerning the prevention of work stress in the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Germany and France. While Sweden, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom recognize stress as an important health and safety topic, less attention is paid to psychosocial work characteristics than to traditional health and safety issues such as noise, machine safety and toxic agents. France and Germany do not yet recognize stress as an important policy issue. There is a lack of well-documented examples of good preventive practice. A number of recommendations are put forward. (65582)

CIS 95-2318 Readiness to take risks during troubleshooting. (Hebrew: Hanetiya lnetilat sikun bet htmoddut im taqlot) Wiil M., Gopher D., Erv I., Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Research Centre for Work Safety and Human Engineering, Haifa 32000, Israel, 1994. 86p. Illus. 95 ref. (In Hebrew)

Simulation of malfunctions during work with semiautomatic equipment of a type often encountered in the chemical industry (filling of containers with a hazardous solution) showed that in most cases the operator tended to "compensate" for the malfunction and continue to work, with manual intervention, instead of interrupting work and asking for the equipment to be repaired. Although such behaviour is irrational from the standpoint of system safety, it is motivated by an attempt, on the part of the operator, to gain time and increase productivity and thus remuneration. (65791)

CIS 95-2319 Burnout in the health-care sector: A European perspective - Report of a EUROPEDOP workshop held in Luxembourg on 4 March 1992. (French: L'épuisement anxio-dépressif ('Burnout') dans le secteur des soins de santé: Une perspective européenne - Rapport sur la journée d'étude EUROFEDOP du 4 mars 1992 à Luxembourg) Schaufeli W., Psychologisch Laboratorium, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 1992. 22p. (In French)

Report of a workshop devoted to the subject of the "burnout" syndrome (characterized by anxiety and depression) among workers in the health-care sector, held in Luxembourg on 7 March 1992. Main points covered: introduction (psychological problems of occupational origin); definition and causes of "burnout" (social, personal, and task- and organization-linked factors); consequences and incidence of "burnout"; means of prevention (person- and organization-related strategies); conclusions. (65576)

CIS 95-2320 Employee-driven systems for safe behavior: Integrating behavioral and statistical methodologies. Krause T.R., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1995. xiii, 284p. Illus. 38 ref. Index. Price: GBP 37.50., ISBN 0-442-01671-9 (In English)

This manual discusses the use of behavioural science methods and statistical methods as components of quality-based safety. Part 1 describes basic concepts of behavioural science and discusses the links between those concepts and basic quality issues of measurement and employee involvement. Part 2 presents an overview of measurement issues and of statistical process control, and describes how behavioural science procedures may be used in continuous improvement applications. Part 3 addresses management issues in safety, including incident investigation and ergonomics. Part 4 presents illustrative case histories of sites using employee-driven safety to manage continuous improvement. (65657)

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