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ILO-CIS Bulletin 1995/05CIS 95-1551 --- CIS 95-1920Laws, regulations, directivesCIS 95-1551 Employees' Compensation and State Insurance Fund (with implementing rules) - Presidential Decree No.626 (as amended...) further amending certain articles of Presidential Decree No.442 entitled "Labor Code of the Philippines" [Philippines]. Public Information Division, Employees' Compensation Commission Secretariat, 355 Sen. Gil Puyat Avenue, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines, 1987. iv, 60p. (In English) These rules specify the operation of the workmen's compensation system in the Philippines. All employees in the country are essentially covered. In addition to financial matters, medical services and rehabilitation, the Decree also provides for penalties for failure to install and maintain safety devices. In annexes: list of occupational diseases (with associated employment categories); prescribed minimum standards for periodic medical examinations designed for the early detection of occupational diseases. (65321)
CIS 95-1552 Act of 10 June 1952 concerning the safety and health of workers, as well as healthy working conditions and workplaces [Belgium]. (Dutch: Wet betreffende de gezondheid en de veiligheid van de werknemers, alsmede de salubriteit van het werk en van de werkplaatsen; French: Loi du 10 juin 1952 concernant la santé et la sécurité des travailleurs, ainsi que la salubrité du travail et des lieux de travail [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 19 June 1952, p.4610-4611. CIS has an updated copy as of 1994. (In Dutch, French) This Law is applicable to every Belgian employer, including all levels of government. It authorizes the government to take all necessary measures to protect workers, including medical surveillance and control and the establishment of occupational health services. Employers are obliged to set up services for safety, health and workplace improvement, as well as joint safety and health committees. The designation and/or election of members of these services and committees are detailed. (65342)
CIS 95-1553 Workers Compensation Act [Canada - British Columbia]. Canadian OSH Legislation CD-ROM, CCOHS, 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada, 1992. 87p. (In English) This law (assented to on 28 June 1989, consolidated to 3 Nov. 1989) consists of two parts. Part I: scope of the Act (essentially all employers and workers not under federal jurisdiction, except for casual workers, performing artists, outworkers, members under 19yrs of age of the employer's family and the spouse of the employer, employers from outside the Province who temporarily carry out business there but do not employ residents); special provisions concerning the fishing industry; compensation for personal injury, occupational disease and loss of hearing; limitations on legal actions; impossibility of waiving compensation; vocational rehabilitation; the scale of compensation, including medical aid; the accident fund and assessments on the employer; judicial procedures; obligations of consulted physicians; obligations of the employer to maintain first aid facilities; investigations and inspections; constitution and role of the Workers' Compensation Board. Part II: liability of employers in industries not within the scope of Part I. In schedules: list of industrial undertakings covered by the Act; schedule of occupational diseases (with the industries where they may be recognized); non-traumatic hearing loss, expressed as percentage of total disability. (65384)
CIS 95-1554 Decree No.24/PR of the President of the Republic, dated 21 April 1994 promulgating Act No. 002/NA of 14 March 1994 concerning labour [Laos]. (French: Décret n°24/PR du Président de la République, en date du 21 avril 1994, portant promulgation de la loi n°002/NA du 14 mars 1994 sur le travail [Laos]) Labour Law Documents - Documents de droit social, 1994, No.3, p.44-58. (In English, French) This basic law on labour came into force on 20 June 1994. Chap.IV is concerned with hours of work and rest periods, and in particular with the limitation of hours of work for workers whose occupation exposes them directly to one of the following hazards: radiations; contagious diseases; dangerous gases, fumes or substances (in particular to explosives); dangerous environments (pits, tunnels, underwater work, heights); abnormally hot or cold environments; vibrating machinery. Chap.VI concerns the protection of women and adolescents, in particular the prohibition of employment in certain physically demanding or dangerous jobs of pregnant women, mothers within six months of giving birth and young persons. Chap.X deals with labour protection: guarantees of safety and working conditions; medical examination and health care for workers. Chap.XI contains measures concerning occupational injury and disease: assistance to victims; compensation. This Act replaces Labour Act No.10/90 of 29 Nov. 1990. (65387)
CIS 95-1555 Decision No. 19/MTEAS/DC/SRT on the establishment and role of an information network on occupational health and safety issues [Benin]. (French: Arrêté No. 19/MTEAS/DC/SRT portant création et attributions du réseau d'information sur la sécurité et la santé au travail en République du Bénin [Bénin]) Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et des Affaires sociales, Direction du Travail, Cotonou, Republic of Benin, 1995. 2p. (In French) This order established an information network dealing with safety and health issues in Benin. Its duties are to collect information from public services as well as from private enterprises, for processing in a machine-readable format and dissemination to social partners at the national level. (65161)
CIS 95-1556 Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.173-196. (In English) Internet: First published in 1970 and revised in 1983, these Regulations came into effect on 21 Apr. 1983. Main topics to be covered: installation of machinery; access to workplaces; stairways and ladders; work at height; confined spaces; dangerous liquids; prevention of fires and explosions; storage; cleanliness; space for each person; ventilation; air cleanliness; temperature; lighting; seating and work benches; working clothing and personal protective clothing and appliances; welfare facilities; first aid. In schedules: classification of factories; lighting standards; processes requiring eye protection; contents of first-aid boxes. (65295)
CIS 95-1557 Factories and Machinery (Administration) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.197-203. (In English) Internet: These Regulations were published in 1970, revised in 1983 and came into force on 21 Apr. 1983. They cover: responsibilities of the Chief Inspector; records to be kept by the Chief Inspector, the Senior Inspector and the Inspectors in charge of a State or Area; enquiries; prosecutions; service fees. (65296)
CIS 95-1558 Ordinance on the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases (OPA) - Modification of 1 June 1993 [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance sur la prévention des accidents et des maladies professionnelles (OPA): modification du 1er juin 1993 [Suisse]; German: Verordnung über die Verhütung von Unfällen und Berufskrankheiten (VUV): Änderung vom 1.Juni 1993) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 1993, p.1895-1899. (In French, German) This ordinance, which modifies that of 19 Dec. 1983 (see CIS 84-589) on the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases, came into force on 1 July 1993. The main points of the ordinance cover: obligation of the employer to call upon the services of occupational physicians and other OSH specialists; qualification, tasks and status of OSH specialists; powers and obligations of the coordination committee; the right of SUVA to proceed to pre-employment medical tests; obligation of occupational physicians and other OSH specialists to keep professional secrets. (65389)
CIS 95-1559 Safety and health protection at work [Slovak Republic]. (Slovak: Bezpečnost' a ochrana zdravia pri práci) Hatina T., Eurounion, Priemyselná 1, 821 09 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, 1995. 360p. Index., ISBN 80-85568-27-6 (In Slovak) Compendium of occupational safety and health laws in effect in the Slovak Republic as of April 1995. Laws and regulations still in effect predating the independence of Slovakia, whether those issued by the federal Czechoslovak government or by Slovakia itself, are included. (65329)
CIS 95-1560 Order of 1 July 1971 concerning the classification of occupational diseases [Algeria]. (French: Arrêté du 1er juil. 1971 relatif à la classification des maladies professionnelles [Algérie]) Ministère du travail et des affaires sociales, Journal officiel de la République algérienne, 22 Oct. 1971, p.1126. (In French) This Regulation classifies the occupational diseases listed in the schedule of occupational diseases provided in the Order of 22 March 1968 into three classes: morbidities due to acute or chronic poisoning; microbial infections; conditions due to the working environment. (65388)
CIS 95-1561 Council Dir. 95/21/EC of 19.6.95 re the enforcement, in respect of shipping using Community ports and sailing in the waters under the jurisdiction of the Member States, of interna. standards for ship safety, pollution prevention and shipboard living and working conditions (port State control) [EC]. (French: Dir. 95/21/CE du Conseil, du 19.6.95, concernant l'application aux navires faisant escale dans les ports de la Communauté ou dans les eaux relevant de la juridiction des Etats membres, des normes intern. rel. à la sécurité maritime, ... et aux conditions de vie et de travail ... [CE]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 7 July 1995, Vol.38, No.L 157, p.1-19. (In English, French) This Directive applies to all ships used for commercial purposes (except for fishing vessels) and their crew if they call at a port of a Member State or at an off-shore installation or if they are anchored off such a port or installation. Contents: obligation of Member States to maintain ship inspection authorities; inspection commitments and procedures; rights of detention; follow-up to inspections and detention; administrative matters. In annex: ships to be considered for priority inspection; list of certificates and documents; examples of "clear grounds" for more detailed inspections; procedures for the control of ships; categories of ships subject to expanded inspection; criteria for detention of a ship; minimum criteria for inspectors. (65327)
CIS 95-1562 Ordinance No.115/1993 (12 Aug.) of the government concerning the application of Law No.48 of 1993 concerning mining [Hungary]. (Hungarian: A kormány 115/1993. (VIII.12.) Korm. rendelete a bányászatról szóló 1993. évi XLVIII. törvény végrehajtásáról) Magyar Közlöny, 12 Aug. 1993, No.111, p.6017-6028. (In Hungarian) These Regulations were issued under the authority of Law. 48 of 1993 concerning mining (CIS 93-1411). Safety aspects covered include: obligation of the employer to provide instructions for the safe operation of equipment and the safe handling of materials; obligations to offer appropriate training to workers; installation of safety barriers and safety zones; mine plans; hazard evaluation (including radiation hazard assessment where relevant); action to be taken before a mine is closed down. (65348)
CIS 95-1563 Environmental Protection - The Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 1995 [United Kingdom]. HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1995. 12p. Price: GBP 2.80., ISBN 0-11-052433-0 (In English) These Regulations amend SI 1992 No.3280 (see CIS 93-1073) which give effect in Great Britain to Council Directive 90/220/EEC. Amendments relate to applications for consent to release genetically modified organisms into the environment, requirements for advertising applications for consent to release, cases and circumstances in which a marketing consent is required and provisions relating to the keeping of the register. (65150)
CIS 95-1564 Factories and Machinery (Mineral Dust) Regulations 1989 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.369-381. (In English) Internet: These Regulations, replacing those of 1986 (see CIS 91-365), came into force on 1 Feb. 1989. Summary: definitions; obligation of occupiers and employees; permissible exposure limits (in particular for cristobalite, silica and tridymite); exposure monitoring; methods of compliance; personal protective equipment; housekeeping; medical examinations; changing rooms and lockers; employee information and training; record keeping. In annex: list of minerals. (65300)
CIS 95-1565 Decree No.94-784 of 2 Sep. 1994 completing the General Regulation on Extractive Industries introduced by Decree No.80-331 of 7 May 1980, as modified; Decree No.94-785 of 2 Sep. 1994 modifying the chapter on flammable dust of the General Regulation on Extractive Industries ... [France]. (French: Décret n°94-784 du 2.9.94 complétant le règlement général des industries extractives institué par le décret n°80-331 du 7 mai 1980 modifié; Décret n°94-785 du 2.9.94 modifiant le titre: Poussières inflammables, du règlement général des industries extractives [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 8 Sep. 1994, 126th year, No. 208, p.12978-12994. (In French) Contents of the first of these decrees concerning dust in mines and quarries: reduction and measurement of dust levels in these industries; information and medical examination of workers; exposure monitoring; supplementary measures to be taken in open-air mines and other surface installations with respect to exposure to alveolar silica dust. The second decree concerns flammable dust in underground coal-mines. Summary: general provisions; personnel; classification of jobs; general protective measures; dust neutralization by schistification (with exposure limits); neutralization by application of hygroscopic salts; neutralization by water; installation of dust barriers; ventilation. In annex: ministry circulars dated 2 Sep. 1994 concerning the application of Decrees 94-784 et 94-785. (65343)
CIS 95-1566 Ordinance on substances dangerous for the environment (Amendment dated 11 Jan. 1989) [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance sur les substances dangereuses pour l'environnement (modification du 11 janv. 1989) [Suisse]; German: Verordnung über umweltgefährdende Stoffe: Änderung vom 11. Januar 1989) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 1988, p.270-274. Illus. Errata: 1989, p.1214 (In French, German) This Regulation, which came into force on 1 March 1989, amends the original Ordinance (see CIS 90-370) by introducing provisions concerning the utilization of asbestos. Main points covered are: definitions (different types of asbestos); restrictions on use; sale and importation (date from which asbestos-containing products may not be sold in or imported into Switzerland, by type of product); exceptions; labelling; means of use; elimination. (65381)
CIS 95-1567 Act on the protection against dangerous substances (Chemicals Act - ChemG) including the relevant Statutory Ordinances [Germany]. Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Postfach 12 06 29, 53048 Bonn, Germany, May 1995. v, 127p. (In English) English translation of the following legal or regulatory texts in force in Germany: Act on the protection against dangerous substances (as last amended on 2.8.94, see CIS 95-16 for last consolidated version in German); Ordinance on bans and restrictions on the placing on the market of dangerous substances, preparations and products pursuant to the Chemicals Act (as last amend. 25.7.94); Ordinance on the prohibition of certain ozone-depleting halogenated hydrocarbons (6.5.91); Ordinance on evidence and testing and other notification and information documents under the Chemicals Act of 1.8.94; Ordinance on the determination of offences against EEC Regulations on substances and preparations which are punishable by a fine under the terms of the Chemicals Act (30.3.94); Ordinance on the costs of official Acts of the Federal Authorities under the Chemicals Act (16.8.94). (65354)
CIS 95-1568 Ordinance of 27 Feb. 1991 concerning protection against major accidents (Major hazards ordinance, OPAM) [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance du 27 fév. 1991 sur la protection contre les accidents majeurs (Ordonnance sur les accidents majeurs, OPAM) [Suisse]; German: Verordnung vom 27 Feb. 1991 über den Schutz vor Störfallen (Störfallverordnung, StFV); Italian: Ordinanza del 27 febbraio 1991 sulla protezione contro gli incidenti rilevanti (OPIR)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 1991, p.748-782. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: The purpose of this regulation, which came into force on 1 April 1991, is to protect the population and the environment against the hazards of major accidents (disasters). Contents: general measures; principles of risk prevention; disaster management; role of cantons and the Swiss federal government in disaster prevention and the preparation of emergency plans; final provisions. In appendices: quantitative thresholds for substances, products and waste material; microorganisms; general and special safety measures; major hazard risk evaluation; access ways. (65383)
CIS 95-1569 Act of 22 Mar. 1991 concerning Radiation Protection [Switzerland]. (French: Loi du 22 mars 1991 sur la radioprotection (LRaP) [Suisse]; German: Strahlenschutzgesetz vom 22. März 1991 (StSG); Italian: Legge federale del 22 marzo 1991 sulla radioprotezione (LRaP)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 27 sep. 1994, No.38, p.1933-1946. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: This law (effective 1 Oct. 1994) aims at the protection of people and the environment against the dangers of ionizing radiation. Contents: scope (all activities, installations, events and situations that may lead to exposure to ionizing radiation); protection of persons and of the environment; permits and monitoring (in particular, obligations of those who manufacture, sell, install, use or handle radioactive substances or equipment emitting ionizing radiation); civil responsibility; procedures, appeal possibilities and fees. The ordinance of 30 June 1976 on radiation protection (CIS 76-1888) is abrogated. (65345)
CIS 95-1570 European Parliament and Council Directive 95/27/EC of 29 June 1995 amending Council Directive 86/662/EEC on the limitation of noise emitted by hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders [European Communities]. (French: Directive 95/27/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 29 juin 1995, modifiant la directive 86/662/CEE relative à la limitation des émissions sonores des pelles hydrauliques et à câbles, des bouteurs, des chargeuses et des chargeuses-pelleteuses [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 18 July 1995, Vol.38, No.L 168, p.14-17. Illus. (In English, French) This directive defines the maximum sound-power levels of airborne noise (in function of their net installed power) emitted by these earth-moving machines and required to obtain an EC type-examination certificate. A diagrammatic sketch of the provisions relating to the permissible sound-power level as a function of the net installed power is given in appendix. For directive 86/662/EC see CIS 90-382. (65170)
CIS 95-1571 Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations 1989 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.349-363. (In English) Internet: These Regulations, replacing those of 1986 (see CIS 91-367), came into force on 1 Feb. 1989. Contents: definitions; permissible exposure limits (equivalent continuous sound level: 90dB(A), absolute sound level: 115dB(A); exposure monitoring; compliance; hearing protectors; audiometric testing; information and training of employees; warning signs; record keeping. In annex: permissible exposure limits (in function of exposure duration); maximum allowable octave-band sound pressure levels for audiometric test rooms. (65299)
CIS 95-1572 Decree No.94-604 of 19 July 1994 concerning the establishment of the Office of Protection against Ionizing Radiation [France]. (French: Décret n°94-604 du 19 juil. 1994 portant création de l'Office de protection contre les rayonnements ionisants [France]) Journal officiel de la République française, 21 jul. 1994, 126th year, No. 167, p.10512-10514. (In French) The role foreseen for the Office created by this Decree is the provision of expert advice and the monitoring and control of the hazards associated with ionizing radiation. The Office must also participate in the enforcement of laws concerning radiation protection. The Governing Council of the Office shall consist of members nominated by various ministers and of members chosen for their technical competence or from the Office itself. (65344)
CIS 95-1573 Ordinance of 22 June 1994 on Radiation Protection [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance du 22 juin 1994 sur la radioprotection (ORaP) [Suisse]; German: Strahlenschutzverordnung vom 22. Juni 1994 (StSV); Italian: Ordinanza del 22 giugno 1994 sulla radioprotezione (ORaP)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 27 sep. 1994, No.38, p.1947-2050. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Internet: This ordinance, issued in accordance with the Act of 22 Mar. 1991 concerning Radiation Protection (see CIS 95-1569), came into effect on 1 Oct. 1994. It applies to substances, materials and waste matter of which the concentration, contamination level, dose or mass exceed the threshold values given in Annex 2. Contents: general measures and principles of radiation protection; technical qualification, experts, training and advanced education; medical application of radiation; protection of persons exposed to radiation (exposure limits: eye, 150mSv per year; skin and extremities, 500mSv per year); use of installations and radioactive sources; radioactive waste; faulty operation and breakdowns; radiation monitoring of the environment and of foodstuffs; protection of the population in case of increases in radioactive activity; authorizations and surveillance; sanctions. In annex: data for radiation protection under operating conditions; dose factors for different age groups. (65346)
CIS 95-1574 Act of 15 Apr. 1994 concerning the protection of the public and the environment against the dangers resulting from ionizing radiation and concerning the Federal Agency for Nuclear Control [Belgium]. (Dutch: Wet betreffende de bescherming van de bevolking en vat het leefmilieu tegen de uit ioniserende stralingen voortspruitende gevaren en betreffende het Federaal Agentschap voor Nucleaire Controle; French: Loi du 15 avr. 1994 relative à la protection de la population et de l'environnement contre les dangers résultant des rayonnements ionisants et relative à l'Agence fédérale de Contrôle nucléaire [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 29 July 1994, 164th year, No.149, p.19537-19545. (In Dutch, French) Contents of this law: definitions; establishment of a Federal Agency for Nuclear Control (AFCN); competent authorities (right of the government to take measures for the protection of workers, the public and the environment against dangers due to ionizing radiation; right of the government to take emergency measures in the case of nuclear emergencies); responsibilities, finances and administration of the AFCN. (65347)
CIS 95-1575 Ordinance concerning radiation protection (Amendment dated 26 Sep. 1988) [Switzerland]. (French: Ordonnance concernant la protection contre les radiations (modification du 26 sept. 1988) [Suisse]; German: Verordnung über den Strahlenschutz (Änderung vom 26 September 1988)) Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesrechts - Recueil officiel des lois fédérales, 1988, p.1561-1562. (In French, German) This Regulation, which came into force on 1 Nov. 1988, modifies the Ordinance concerning radiation protection (see CIS 76-1888) by defining the role of various organizations in the control of the use of radioactive substances and radiation-emitting equipment. Principal points treated: competent authorities for the authorization of the handling, import and export of radioactive substances; request for the authorization of the installation or use of controlled substances, equipment or objects; role of SUVA in the protection of workers against radiation hazards. (65382)
CIS 95-1576 Act of 11 July 1961 concerning the safety and health requirements of machinery, machine parts, equipment, tools, apparatus, containers and protective equipment [Belgium]. (Dutch: Wet betreffende de waarborgen welke de machines, de onderdelen van machines, het materieel, de werktuigen, de toestellen, de recipiënten en de beschermingsmiddelen inzake veiligheid en gezondheid moeten bieden; French: Loi du 11 juil. 1961 relative aux garanties de sécurité et de salubrité que doivent présenter les machines, les parties de machines, le matériel, les outils, les appareils, les récipients et les équipements de protection [Belgique]) Moniteur belge - Belgisch Staatsblad, 24 July 1961, p.5908-5909 (plus an updated copy as of 1994) (In Dutch, French) The Law, as modified till 1994, authorizes the government to determine the safety and health conditions that must be satisfied by machinery and various related pieces of equipment. In addition, it authorizes inspection personnel to enter premises where machinery and other equipment covered by the law is present for purposes of making an inventory of the equipment present, taking samples, seizing equipment that infringes safety and health rules and testing equipment. Other possible measures are foreseen for the withdrawing from the market, the installation or other restraints placed on the free circulation of equipment presenting a danger to workers and others. Before the modifying Act of 7 July 1994 the title had not included a reference to protective equipment. (65341)
CIS 95-1577 European Parliament and Council Directive 95/16/EC of 29 June 1995 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to lifts [European Communities]. (French: Directive 95/16/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 29 juin 1995, concernant le rapprochement des législations des Etats membres relatives aux ascenseurs [Communautés européennes]) Official Journal of the European Communities - Journal officiel des Communautés européennes, 7 Sep. 1995, Vol.38, No.L 213, p.1-31. Illus. (In English, French) This directive stipulates the measures to be taken by the Member States so that lifts may be placed on the market and put into service only if they are not liable to endanger the health or safety of persons or, where appropriate, the safety of property. It also defines the conformity assessment procedure (EC marking). Appendices: essential health and safety requirements relating to the design and construction of lifts and safety components; content of the EC declaration of conformity for safety components; CE conformity marking; EC type-examination; final inspection; minimum criteria to be taken into account by Member States for the notification of bodies; product quality assurance by module. (65169)
CIS 95-1578 Factories and Machinery (Steam Boiler and Unfired Pressure Vessel) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services, No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.37-77. (In English) Internet: Published on 8 Jan. 1970 and modified several times since then, these Regulations provide for the safe installation and operation of steam boilers and unfired pressure vessels. (65291)
CIS 95-1579 Factories and Machinery (Electric Passenger and Goods Lift) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services, No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.79-117. (In English) Internet: These Regulations (entered into force: 8 Jan. 1970) apply to all electric and passenger and goods lifts. They concern the design, construction, installation, testing and maintenance of this kind of equipment. (65292)
CIS 95-1580 Factories and Machinery (Fencing of Machinery and Safety) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.119-159. Illus. (In English) Internet: These Regulations were published in 1970, revised in 1983 and came into force on 21 Apr. 1983. They concern: general conditions for machine safety; prime movers; transmission machinery; driven machinery; duties and liabilities. Seven schedules. (65293)
CIS 95-1581 Factories and Machinery (Persons-in-Charge) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.161-172. (In English) Internet: Published in 1970 and revised in 1983, these Regulations came into force on 21 Apr. 1983. Contents: machinery required to be in charge of persons holding certificates of competency; training of operators of machinery. In schedule: list of the types of machinery in question. (65294)
CIS 95-1582 Factories and Machinery (Certificates of Competency-Examinations) Regulations, 1970 [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.205-223. (In English) These Regulations were published in 1970, revised in 1983 and came into force on 21 Apr. 1983. They specify the conditions for the awarding of certificates of competency to operators of machinery. (65297)
CIS 95-1583 Factories and Machinery (Notification, Certificate of Fitness and Inspection) Regulations [Malaysia]. In: Factories and Machinery Act, 1967 (Act 139) & Regulations and Rules, International Law Book Services. No. 14, 1st Floor, Lorong Bunus Enam, Off Jalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1990, p.225-261. (In English) Internet: These Regulations were published in 1970 and were amended several times subsequently. They concern: definitions; notification of factories, use of machinery, accidents and industrial diseases; certificates of fitness; inspection. In annex: sample forms used in notification and certification procedures. (65298)
CIS 95-1584 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Suspended Working Platforms) Regulation [Hong Kong]. Hong Kong Government Gazette, 1 July 1994, Vol.136, No.26, legal supplement No.2, p.B1405-B1418. (In English) This Regulation concerns the safe operation of suspended platforms used for carrying persons. Contents: interpretation of terms used; construction and maintenance; anchorage and support; suspension; counterbalance and counterweights; platform; safe means of access; drums and pulleys; brakes; control levers, switches; protection of climbers against the effects of weather; safety ropes and safety devices; safety belts and lifelines; erection, dismantling and alteration; trained and competent workers; use in bad weather conditions; inspections by competent persons; test and examination before use; duties of examiners; marking of safe working loads and number of persons allowed; construction of wire ropes; keeping of records of maintenance; keeping and displaying of reports; prohibitions and offences. (65385)
CIS 95-1585 Grand-Ducal Regulation of 8 Jan. 1992 Concerning Machinery [Luxembourg]. (French: Règlement grand-ducal du 8 janv. 1992 relatif aux machines [Luxembourg]) Mémorial - Journal officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, 16 jan. 1992, Vol.A, No.2, p.13-32. Illus. (In French) This Regulation specifies the essential safety requirements of machinery use, taking into consideration the provisions of Directive 89/392/EEC (CIS 89-1442) concerning the approximation of legislation of Member States on machinery. Contents: scope, placement on the market and free circulation; procedures of certification; EC labels and final provisions. In appendices: essential safety and health requirements concerning the design and the construction of machines; contents of an EC conformity declaration; types of machinery for which the procedures mentioned in article 8 need to be applied (Certification procedures); minimal criteria that must be taken into consideration by the Member States for the notification of competent authorities. (65386)
Chemical data sheets and criteria documentsCIS 95-1586 Data sheets on dangerous substances. (Polish: Karty charakterystyk substancji niebezpiecznych) Koradecka D., ed., Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy, ul. Czerniakowska 16, 00-701 Warszawa, Poland, 1993. 79+11p.+50 data sheets (6-8p. each). Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. (In Polish) Collection of 50 chemical data sheets, each with information on: names and synonyms in Polish, English, German, French and Russian; identification numbers; physical properties; fire and explosion hazards; toxicological information; first aid; exposure limits; hazard labels. The substances are: 2-naphthylamine; acetic acid; acetic anhydride; acetone; acrolein; acrylic acid; ammonia; aniline; benzene; benzidine; butyl acetate; butyl alcohol; carbon disulfide; carbon monoxide; carbon tetrachloride; chlorine; chloroform; dibutyl phthalate; dichloromethane; diethyl ether; dioctyl phthalate; ethanol; ethyl acetate; ethyl chloride; ethylene glycol; formaldehyde; formic acid; halothane; hydrochloric acid; hydrocyanic acid; hydrofluoric acid; hydrogen sulfide; maleic anhydride; mercury; methanol; naphtha; nitric acid; nitrobenzene; phenol; phosphoric acid; phthalic anhydride; potassium hydroxide; pyridine; sodium hydroxide; sulfur dioxide; sulfuric acid; toluene; trichloroethylene; vinyl chloride; xylene. (65210)
CIS 95-1587 International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC) - Spanish edition. (Spanish: Fichas internacionales de seguridad química - Edición española) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Centro Nacional de Condiciones de Trabajo, Dulcet 2-10, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, 1994. 3rd vol. 400p. Index (20p.)., ISBN 84-7425-405-1 (In Spanish) This compendium is the third volume of the Spanish translation of the international chemical safety cards - ICSCs (first and second volumes - see CIS 93-1091) and contains 200 cards. ICSCs summarize essential health and safety information on chemicals using a pre-selected set of standard phrases. ICSC sections include: chemical identification (name in Spanish; CAS, RTECS and ICSC numbers; synonyms; chemical formula; molecular weight); health and safety hazards; first aid; spillage and disposal; storage; packaging; labelling and transport; summary of important data (including exposure limits); physical properties; environmental data. Index by Spanish name and by CAS number and cumulative index of the three Spanish volumes. (65401)
CIS 95-1588 International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC) - Swahili edition. (Swahili: Kadi za kimataifa za usalama wa kemikali) International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre, CIS, ILO, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1995. Index. (In Swahili) This compendium contains the Swahili translation of almost 100 international chemical safety cards (ICSCs) prepared jointly by IPCS and the EEC. ICSCs summarize essential health and safety information on chemicals, using a pre-selected set of standard phrases. ICSC sections include: chemical identification (name in Swahili; CAS, RTECS and ICSC numbers; synonyms; chemical formula; molecular weight); health and safety hazards; first aid; spillage and disposal; storage; packaging, labelling and transport; summary of important data (including exposure limits); physical properties and environmental data. Index by Swahili name. (65402)
CIS 95-1589 1,3-Dinitrobenzene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; may affect the lungs and the blood chemistry; methaemoglobinaemia. Long-term exposure effects: hepatic damage; may impair male fertility. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.15ppm, 1.0mg/m3 (TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65403)
CIS 95-1590 1,4-Dinitrobenzene. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; may affect the lungs and the blood; methaemoglobinaemia. Long-term exposure effects: hepatic damage. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 0.15ppm, 1.0mg/m3 (TWA) (skin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65404)
CIS 95-1591 Phosphine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; may affect the nervous system, blood, liver, kidney and heart; methaemoglobinaemia; frostbite. Long-term exposure effects: cumulative effects. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.3ppm, 0.4mg/m3 (ACGIH 1985-1986); PDK: 0.1mg/m3 (USSR 1984); PDK (as MAC): 0.001mg/m3 (USSR 1984). (65405)
CIS 95-1592 Phosphorous trichloride. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; asthmatic reactions; chemical pneumonitis; chemical burns. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the blood. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.2ppm, 1.5mg/m3 (ACGIH 1985-1986); PDK: 0.2mg/m3 (USSR 1977). (65406)
CIS 95-1593 Propazine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; eye irritation; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization. (65407)
CIS 95-1594 Sodium selenite. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; may affect the liver, kidneys, heart, nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the teeth, bone and blood. Occupational exposure limit: TLV (as Se): 0.2mg/m3 (ACGIH 1989-1990). (65408)
CIS 95-1595 Simazine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; eye irritation; neurotoxic effects. Long-term exposure effects: skin sensitization; may affect the liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system; may cause genetic damage in humans; may cause retarded development of the new-born. (65409)
CIS 95-1596 Triphenylphosphine. Official Publications of the European Communities, 2985 Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland, 1993. 2p. (In English) International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (65410)
CIS 95-1597 Phosphorous trichloride. (Spanish: Tricloruro de fósforo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0696. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; asthmatic reactions; chemical pneumonitis; chemical burns. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the blood. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 0.2ppm, 1.5mg/m3 (ACGIH 1985-1986); PDK: 0.2mg/m3 (USSR 1977). (65411)
CIS 95-1598 Triphenylphosphine. (Spanish: Trifenilfosfina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0700. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (65412)
CIS 95-1599 Tin tetrachloride. (Spanish: Tetracloruro de estaño) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 10-0953. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; chemical pneumonitis; chemical burns. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 2mg/m3 (as tin) (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65413)
CIS 95-1600 Metaldehyde. (Spanish: 2,4,6,8-Tetrametil-1,3,5,7-tetraoxociclooctano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of future IPCS ICSC 0765. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; hepatic damage; neurotoxic effects. (65414)
CIS 95-1601 Diethyl sulfate. (Spanish: Sulfato de dietilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0570. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the lungs; probable human carcinogen; may cause heritable genetic damage. (65415)
CIS 95-1602 Sodium dodecylsulfate. (Spanish: Sulfato de sodio y dodecilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0502. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. (65416)
CIS 95-1603 Nicotine sulfate. (Spanish: Sulfato de nicotina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0520. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; respiratory insufficiency. (65417)
CIS 95-1604 Potassium sulfide. (Spanish: Sulfuro de dipotasio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 7-0549. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; pulmonary oedema. (65418)
CIS 95-1605 Sodium borate (decahydrate). (Spanish: Tetraborato de disodio (decahidratado)) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0567. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the mucous membranes and eyes; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); may affect the liver and kidneys. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; may affect the skin when ingested; male antifertility effects. Occupational exposure limit: TLV: 5mg/m3 (ACGIH 1990-1991). (65419)
CIS 95-1606 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene. (Spanish: 1,2,4,5-Tetraclorobenceno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0676. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. (65420)
CIS 95-1607 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol. (Spanish: 2,3,5,6-Tetraclorofenol) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0573. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and upper respiratory tract. No data are available on this isomer, but a mixture of tetrachlorophenols may cause toxic effects in the liver and the central nervous system. (65421)
CIS 95-1608 Tetrachlorosilane. (Spanish: Tetracloruro de silicio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0574. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; loss of vision; pulmonary oedema; dyspnoea. (65422)
CIS 95-1609 Tetrafluorosilane. (Spanish: Tetrafluoruro de silicio) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0576. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: delayed effects; very corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; loss of vision; pulmonary oedema; asthmatic reactions. (65423)
CIS 95-1610 Tetrahydrofuran. (Spanish: Tetrahidrofurano) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0578. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); narcotic effects. Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; liquid defats the skin; may affect the liver and kidneys. Occupational exposure limits: TLV: 200ppm, 590mg/m3 (TWA); 250ppm, 737mg/m3 (STEL) (ACGIH 1990-1991); PDK: 103mg/m3 (USSR 1984). (65424)
CIS 95-1611 Tetrahydrothiophene. (Spanish: Tetrahidrotiofeno) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0677. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis; liquid defats the skin. (65425)
CIS 95-1612 Theophylline. (Spanish: Teofilina) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 9-0678. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; cardiovascular disorders; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). (65426)
CIS 95-1613 Thioacetamide. (Spanish: Tioacetamida) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0579. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure effects: possible human carcinogen. (65427)
CIS 95-1614 Thiometon. (Spanish: Tiometón) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0580. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; eye irritation; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Long-term exposure effects: dermatitis. (65428)
CIS 95-1615 Thiophosphoryl chloride. (Spanish: Tricloruro de tiofosforilo) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0581. International chemical safety card. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; corrosive effect on the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; chemical pneumonitis; chemical burns; serum cholinesterase inhibition. Long-term exposure effects: may affect the lungs. (65429)
CIS 95-1616 Trichlorphon. (Spanish: Triclorfón) Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Ediciones y Publicaciones, c/Torrelaguna 73, 28027 Madrid, Spain, 1991. 2p. (In Spanish) Spanish version of IPCS ICSC 8-0585. International chemical safety card. Synonym: chlorophos. Short-term exposure effects: skin absorption; delayed effects; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); serum cholinesterase inhibition; convulsions; respiratory insufficiency. Long-term exposure effects: cumulative effects; important depression of blood cholinesterase. (65430)
CIS 95-1617 Diphenyl ether. (Spanish: Fenil éter) Noticias de seguridad, Sep. 1994, Vol.56, No.9. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, upper respiratory tract and skin; may affect the liver and kidneys. (65431)
CIS 95-1618 Dimethylamine. (Spanish: Dimetilamina) Noticias de seguridad, Sept. 1994, Vol.56, No.9. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; chemical burns; may cause pulmonary oedema, hepatic damage and visual function disorders. (65432)
CIS 95-1619 Phenylphosphine. (Spanish: Trifenil fosfato) Noticias de seguridad, Oct. 1994, Vol.56, No.10. 3p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: neurotoxic effects; musculoskeletal diseases; haematotoxic effects. (65433)
CIS 95-1620 Vanadium pentoxide powder. (Spanish: Polvo de pentóxido de vanadio) Noticias de seguridad, Oct. 1994, Vol.56, No.10. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; skin eruption; may cause asthma, bronchitis and pulmonary diseases. (65434)
CIS 95-1621 Propylenimine. (Spanish: Propilenimina) Noticias de seguridad, Nov. 1994, Vol.56, No.11. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Synonym: 2-methylaziridine. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes; may have haematotoxic effects; may cause eye injuries; possible human carcinogen. (65435)
CIS 95-1622 2-Nitropropane. (Spanish: 2-Nitropropano) Noticias de seguridad, Nov. 1994, Vol.56, No.11. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: may have neurotoxic effects; may cause hepatic and renal damage and pulmonary oedema; probable human carcinogen (lymphatic and connective tissues). (65436)
CIS 95-1623 Isopropyl acetate. (Spanish: Acetato de isopropilo) Noticias de seguridad, Dec. 1994, Vol.56, No.12. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; dermatitis; liquid defats the skin. (65437)
CIS 95-1624 Organic mercury (alkyl). (Spanish: Mercurio orgánico (alquilo)) Noticias de seguridad, Dec. 1994, Vol.56, No.12. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; dermatitis; skin eruption; chemical burns; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); disturbances of coordination; visual function disorders; may affect the liver and kidneys; may cause chromosome alterations. (65438)
CIS 95-1625 Butyl acetate. (Spanish: Butil acetato-secundario) Noticias de seguridad, Jan. 1995, Vol.57, No.1. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; dermatitis; liquid defats the skin; respiratory diseases; narcosis. (65439)
CIS 95-1626 Tetrachloroethylene. (Spanish: Tetracloroetileno) Noticias de seguridad, Jan. 1995, Vol.57, No.1. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish) Chemical safety card published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; narcotic and neurotoxic effects; may affect the liver and kidneys. (65440)
Training materials and practical informationCIS 95-1627 Equipped for safety: Personal protective equipment. Industrial Training Systems Co., TFI, Hadlow House, 9 High Street, Green St Green, Orpington, Kent BR6 6BG, United Kingdom, no date. Videotape. Length: 9min. Price: GBP 85.00 (sale), GBP 85.00 (rental for 5 working days). ### (In English) Videotape on the proper use and maintenance of personal protective equipment. (65478)
CIS 95-1628 The sum of it. Lessons from Worksafe Australia's occupational health and safety building best practice case studies. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, [1995]. 16p. Illus. Price: AUD 12.95. (In English) This booklet presents a series of brief case studies describing improvements in occupational safety and health procedures undertaken by a variety of Australian firms. The benefits of the changes in terms of health and safety performance and business performance are outlined. (65158)
CIS 95-1629 Plant design: Making it safe - A guide to risk management for designers, manufacturers, importers, suppliers and installers of plant. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. 22p., ISBN 0-644-45156-4 (In English) Guide to risk management of plant (machinery, tools, appliances and equipment) at the design/installation stage in light of the Australian performance-based national standard for plant (CIS 95-744). Contents: overview of the risk management process; step-by-step approach to risk management (hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control, review); design of safe plant; manufacturing safe plant; importation and/or supply of safe plant; safe installation. In annex: sources of information about plant hazards; check-list for hazard identification; design considerations; OSH contacts in Australia. (65201)
CIS 95-1630 Plant in the workplace: Making it safe - A guide to managing risks from plant in the workplace for employers and employees. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. 22p., ISBN 0-644-45155-6 (In English) Guide to risk management of plant (machinery, tools, appliances and equipment) at the workplace in light of the Australian performance-based national standard for plant (CIS 95-744). Contents: overview of the risk management process; step-by-step approach to risk management (hazard identification, risk assessment, risk control, monitoring and review). In annex: check-list for workplace inspection; sources of information about hazards from plant; sample inspection and risk management worksheets; OSH contacts in Australia. (65202)
CIS 95-1631 OHS - Good for business. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 1995. 20p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-644-35287-6 (In English) Training and guidance booklet aimed at employers, particularly in small and medium-sized enterprises. It covers: cost-effectiveness of good OSH practices; integrating OSH in enterprise management; designing better work environments; training and communication; continuous improvement. Case studies accompany the text throughout. Sources of information. (65206)
CIS 95-1632 Risk engineering. (Indonesian: Rekayasa risiko) Hegney R., Centre for Work Safety and Health, South-East Metropolitan College, Bentley TAFE Campus, Hayman Road, Bentley WA 6102, Australia, [1995]. [104]p. (ring binder). Illus. (In Indonesian) Training manual on risk engineering, aimed at students following a distance-education course leading to a certificate in occupational safety and health. It covers: machine guarding; manual handling; fire prevention; electrical safety; machine safety. A machine safety checklist and a student exercise on gas cylinder safety are included. Glossary (English-Indonesian) of technical terms. (65350)
CIS 95-1633 Workwise. Health and Safety Executive, Room 401, St Hugh's House, Trinity Road, Stanley Precinct, Bootle, Merseyside L20 3QY, United Kingdom, [1992]. Work cards, teacher's book, students' book. ### (In English) This training kit is aimed at secondary school students, aged 15-16, about to take up full-time employment. It is used to explain to the students how to deal with hazards and how the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) operates. The training kit is integrated into the normal school curriculum. It deals with what hazards these students might face in the future, how these hazards and risks might be avoided, and who to go to if a problem arises. (65482)
CIS 95-1634 The Exetown Experience. Manchester Business School, 5 The Glade, Buxton, Derbyshire SK17 6SL, United Kingdom, [1992]. Computer programme. ### (In English) Computer game. It is aimed at students who are studying to become managers of small companies. It teaches trainees to integrate the safety aspect in their management of a company. Both individual and group work are possible. The game simulates all major decisions involved in the management of a company: marketing, raw material, pricing, production, operational and financial matters, health and safety. The game was nominated in the Category Higher Education of the competition organized as part of the European Year 1992. (65484)
CIS 95-1635 Statistical tools of safety management. Walters H.A., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Ave., New York NY 10003, USA; Chapman & Hall 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, United Kingdom, 1995. x, 335p. Illus. 12 ref., ISBN 0-442-02125-9 (In English) University-level textbook on probability and statistics as used by safety professionals. Topics covered include: general probability; specific kinds of probability distributions (binomial, multinomial, hypergeometric, Poisson, normal); chi-square confidence intervals; event systems; the cut-set method; Boolean algebra; fault-tree analysis; gaming theory (the maximin method); the critical path method. Problems and their solutions take up more than half the book. (65203)
CIS 95-1636 Health and safety: The European challenge. Trade Films Ltd., 36 Bottle Bank, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear NE8 2AR, United Kingdom, [1992]. 4 videotapes (length: 13+23+20+20min) and leaflets. ### (In English) Aimed at health and safety specialists, this training set provides an accessible introduction to the European Community's programme for workplace health and safety. Useful in a variety of teaching situations including formal courses, seminars, group discussions and individual viewing, the videotapes cover: dynamic introduction; examination of the framework Directive; the Directive on manual handling of loads; transposition into national laws. (65486)
CIS 95-1637 1995 Catalogue of publications of the French National Research and Safety Institute. (French: Catalogue 1995 - Publications) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 40 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75860 Paris Cedex 14, France, Feb. 1995. 53p. Illus. Indexes., ISBN 2-85599-514-0 (In French) 1995 publications catalogue of the French National Research and Safety Institute. INRS publications are grouped under 3 headings: 1) General problems (regulatory texts, safety organization, training, work organization, etc.); 2) Hazards and problems common to all industries (lifting, handling, fires, explosions, electricity, physical and chemical environment, etc.); 3) Hazards of specific industries (metallurgy, construction, wood, plastics, etc.). This publication contains as well an alphabetic index of titles, an index by publication number, an alphabetic list of key words, information on INRS data banks and a list of periodicals published by INRS. (65121)
CIS 95-1638 1995 Catalogue of posters from the French National Research and Safety Institute. (French: Catalogue 1995 - Affiches) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 40 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75860 Paris Cedex 14, France, Feb. 1995. 39p. Illus., ISBN 2-85599-064-5 (In French) The INRS posters are classified under 3 major headings: 1) General problems (regulations, etc.); 2) Common hazards and problems (lifting, handling, machines and equipment, fire, explosions, electricity, personal protection equipment, etc.); 3) Specific hazards (construction, food industry, wood industry, health care and laboratory personnel, etc.). The catalogue includes a list of the posters in numerical order, suggestions on the use of posters and information on INRS display stands. (65122)
CIS 95-1639 Audiovisual materials 1995. (French: Catalogue 1995 - Audiovisuel) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 40 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75860 Paris Cedex 14, France, Feb. 1995. 80p. Illus. Indexes., ISBN 2-85599-122-6 (In French) 1995 annotated catalogue of videocassettes, films and slide sets available from INRS (the French National Institute for research into OSH matters). For each item, the following information is given: target audience, purpose, abstract, keywords, year of production, length, format(s), sponsoring agency, director, producer, distributor, framework of presentation (optional). Three indexes are included in numeric, alphabetic and keyword order. Rental and purchase information. (65123)
CIS 95-1640 The decision is in your hands. (Spanish: La decisión está en sus manos) Consejo Colombiano de Seguridad, Carrera 20, No.39-62, 6839 Bogotá, Colombia, no date. Videotape. Length: 15min. Price: COP 87,500 or USD 100.00 (members); COP 113,500 or USD 125.00 (non-members). ### (In Spanish) Videotape on the protection of hands against mechanical, physical, chemical and biological agents at work. (65476)
CIS 95-1641 Practical occupational health. Phoon W.O., PG Publishing Pte Ltd, 304 Orchard Road, 04-20/22 Lucky Plaza, Singapore 0923, 1988. x, 429p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 9971-973-96-0 (In English) Contents of this manual: principles of occupational health; methods in occupational health practice (occupational history, epidemiologic studies, organization of occupational health services, medical examinations, clinical and biological monitoring, occupational hygiene, accidents and first aid, ergonomics); occupational health practice applied to specific exposures (physical hazards, dust diseases of the lungs, chemical hazards, dermatosis, cancer, biological hazards); occupational health practice applied to special sectors. Glossary. (65142)
CIS 95-1642 Farming : A way of life. The Irish Farmers' Association, Irish Farm Center, Bluebell, Dublin 12, Ireland, [1992]. Videotape + Teacher's manual. ### (In English) This video training package is aimed at children 6-12 years old, both rural and urban, and adults indirectly influenced through their children. Its aim is to inform children about the dangers on farms, to motivate them towards influencing their parents and to stimulate tangible reaction among the farming community. Topics covered: heights and falls, tractors and machinery, chemicals, electricity, slurry pits, animals. The video obtained the Grand Prize and 1st Prize in Category Agriculture of the competition organized as part of the European Year 1992. (65481)
CIS 95-1643 Health and safety for construction professionals. Travers Morgan Ltd., Mead House, Cantelupe Road, East Grinstead, West Sussex RH19 3DG, United Kingdom, [1992]. 3 workbooks, transparencies and 35 mm slides, 1 videotape. ### (In English) This training kit is aimed at three types of trainee groups: health and safety engineers, architects and surveyors; resident engineers, their staff and other construction professionals; directors, partners and senior managers. Its purpose is to raise the participants' awareness of overall prevention in its legal, technical and human aspects within an English and European framework. It emphasizes participative group work, open discussions, lectures, exercises and presentation of equipment. It includes an assessment questionnaire and makes provisions for assessment of the group's participation. The training kit was nominated in Category Construction of the competition organized as part of the European Year 1992. (65485)
CIS 95-1644 Labour administration training material: Labour inspection skills in the petroleum industry. Asian and Pacific Regional Centre for Labour Administration (ARPLA), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1991. v, 155p. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 9.00., ISBN 92-2-108142-7 (In English) Proceedings of a regional training course on labour inspection in the petroleum industry organized by ILO/ARPLA in Bombay, India, 16 Oct.-3 Nov. 1989. Topics covered include: a profile of the petroleum industry; legislation and enforcement; safety engineering in refineries (permit-to work system, inspection and maintenance of electrical equipment, non-destructive testing of pressurized components, instrumentation and safety devices); industrial hygiene and occupational health (hygiene inspection, control of hazardous substances, health problems); major accident hazard control (hazard assessment, fire protection, startup and shutdown procedures); safety management. (65148)
CIS 95-1645 An employer's guide to health & safety for the woodworking industry. British Woodworking Federation, Broadway House, Tothill Street, London SW1H 9NQ, United Kingdom, 1995. 60p.+ 28p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 10.00. (In English) Guidance to employers concerning safety and health in the woodworking industry. Contents: survey of relevant regulations and approved codes of practice in the United Kingdom; woodworking machines; programmable machinery; noise; hazardous substances; waste management; abrasive wheels; eye protection; protective clothing and equipment; electricity; fire safety; plant layout; materials handling; stacking, storage and handling of materials; mechanical handling and road transport in factories; scaffolding, ladders and mobile towers; first aid; reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences; notifications and documentation; apprentices and trainees. In appendices: risk assessment; types of danger signs; training courses; national vocational qualifications; WOODNIG information sheets. A shorter version aimed at employers is also available. (65328)
CIS 95-1646 "Nothing ever happens here": Safety in offices. (Spanish: "Aquí nunca pasa nada": seguridad en oficinas) Consejo Colombiano de Seguridad, Carrera 20, No.39-62, 6839 Bogotá, Colombia, no date. Videotape. Price: COP 87,500 or USD 100.00 (members); COP 113,500 or USD 125.00 (non-members). ### (In Spanish) (65475)
CIS 95-1647 Office safety for managers. Skillstream Learning Systems, Unit 10, Upper Wingbury Farm, Leighton Road, Wingrave, Buckinghamshire HP23 4LW, United Kingdom, [1992]. Training and reference software (IBM compatible microcomputers, running under Windows 3.1). ### (In English) Computer software aimed at managers with responsibility for office workers. Its aim is to give trainees knowledge in order for them to provide safe working conditions to their employees. It includes provisions for individual or group work and lectures provided by an interactive computer software. It covers: health and safety law, hazard awareness, dealing with hazards, human factors. The content of the software can be updated. Self-evaluation exercises are included. (65489)
CIS 95-1648 Safe to breathe - Dust and fume control in the rubber industry. Health and Safety Commission - Rubber Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk, CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 13p. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Guidance and training booklet covering: relevant legislation in the United Kingdom; maximum exposure limits (8h-TWA: 6mg/m3 for rubber process dust, 0.6mg/m3 for rubber fume); strategy for dust and fume control; assessing the health hazard from dust and fume; control methods and strategy. (65209)
CIS 95-1649 The Cop Factor Video. National Irish Safety Organization Ltd., Temple Court, 10 Hogan Place, Dublin 2, Ireland, [1992]. Videotape. ### (In English) This videotape depicts a fictitious classroom in order to teach good working habits in chemical laboratories. It is used to back up the teacher's course and to open discussion. Topics dealt with: changing of attitudes, safe handling of chemicals, safe use of laboratory equipment, all approached in a humorous way. (65483)
CIS 95-1650 Exposure to substances hazardous to health. Aston University, Health and Safety Unit, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom, [1992]. Training package (1-day training session). ### (In English) This training package is aimed at experienced departmental managers in large engineering companies. Its aim is to develop confidence in managers to carry out primary risk assessment and to provide practical experience in tackling risk assessment problems. It covers occupational health problems, general background to legal requirements, the management of risk from substances hazardous to health, outline of methodology of risk assessment and practical risk assessment exercises. (65488)
CIS 95-1651 What to do in case of an emergency. (Spanish: Cómo actuar en casos de emergencia) Consejo Colombiano de Seguridad, Carrera 20, No.39-62, 6839 Bogotá, Colombia, no date. Videotape. Price: COP 87,500 or USD 100.00 (members); COP 113,500 or USD 125.00 (non-members). ### (In Spanish) Videotape on emergency response organization, with particular attention paid to fires, terrorist attacks and earthquakes. (65477)
CIS 95-1652 Core training elements for the National Standard for Occupational Noise. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Aug. 1995. vi, 25p. 10 ref., ISBN 0-644-45146-7 (In English) Internet: This is one of a series of core training manuals for the performance-based standards addressing major hazards and developed by Worksafe Australia. It is recommended to include its contents in any Australian training programme on occupational noise. The core training elements are grouped under: scope; target groups; training aims; training objectives; performance indicators; main topic/content areas; notional times; training and learning methods; resource list. In appendix: a series of "breakdown" (data) sheets, presenting the role of everyone in the workplace in dealing with specific issues: legislation relating to the risks associated with exposure to occupational noise; health and safety effects of exposure to occupational noise; identification, assessment and control of risks; communication and consultation regarding the implementation of management strategies for dealing with occupational noise; design of a management programme for occupational noise; implementation of appropriate exposure monitoring and health surveillance for occupational noise; training outcomes for manufacturers, importers and suppliers of material likely to produce exposure to noise. (65204)
CIS 95-1653 Eye and hearing protection. (French: Lunettes de protection et protecteurs d'ouïe; German: Augen- und Gehörschutzmittel; Italian: Mezzi di protezione degli occhi e dell'udito) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, Jan. 1995. 26p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Main contents of this guide to eye and ear protectors: protective glasses (the eye, uses of protective glasses, polycarbonate devices, cleansers, glass cases); hearing protectors (the ear and hearing function, types of protectors, earmuffs, plastic, foam earplugs, spare parts). Placing an order. (65358)
CIS 95-1654 Workplace transport safety - Guidance for employers; Managing vehicle safety at the workplace - Leaflet for employers. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O.Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 2 books (52p.+13p.). Illus. 16 ref. Price: GBP 7.50 (HS(G) 136); GBP 5.00 (IND(G)199(L)), for pack of 10., ISBN 0-7176-0935-9 (HS(G) 136), ISBN 0-7176-0982-0 (IND(G)199(L)) (In English) Two guidance and training documents. They are aimed primarily at owners, employers and managers at workplaces where any form of transport is used. Main topics covered by the "Booklet": assessment of risks associated with workplace transport activities; organizing for safety by establishing responsibilities among drivers and other employees and promoting a safety culture in the workplace; securing a safe workplace and safe vehicles; establishing safe working practices. Examples of safe working practices are described. In appendix: checklist for safety. The leaflet is essentially a brief summary of the longer "Booklet". (65207)
CIS 95-1655 Guidelines for the safe handling, transportation and stacking of large hay bales. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1995. 44p. Illus., ISBN 0-477-03570-1 (In English) Basic safety guide usable for training purposes. Contents: hazard assessment (including a safety checklist before starting work); child safety; employee safety; overhead power lines; use of proper equipment; bale transport; safe stacking and destacking; stack maintenance; safety with trailers; roping and sheeting; working at heights; accident case histories; basic safety rules. In appendix: summary of legal obligations under the Health and Safety in Employment Act (CIS 93-701). (65349)
CIS 95-1656 Practicing safe science. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 28017. Videotape. Length: 29min. ### (In English) This videotape is aimed at scientists and their technical research staff in biology and medicine. It provides instruction as to the control of the intrinsic hazards associated with biomedical research. It includes group viewing with questions and discussions, as well as demonstrations. It covers chemical, physical, radiological and biological hazards. (65487)
CIS 95-1657 A guide to manual handling assessments. CFL Vision, P.O.Box 35, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7EX, United Kingdom, no date. Videotape. Price: GBP 28.68 (rental). ### (In English) (65480)
CIS 95-1658 Preventing repetitive motion injuries. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), 250 Main Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 1H6, Canada. CD-ROM. ### (In English) Multimedia software on CD-ROM. It is aimed at everyone whose work involves repetitive motions, staff representatives and health and safety specialists. It covers the prevention, nature, causes, detection and elimination of repetitive motion injuries. The CD-ROM can be used for individual self-study or small group work on a computer. It includes 5 modules: understanding repetitive motion injuries and their effects on the body, causes, detection and treatment. Exercises and games. (65490)
CIS 95-1659 How to understand your back better. (Dutch: Verstandig omgaan met je rug; French: Mieux connaître votre dos) Nationale vereniging tot voorkoming van arbeidsongevallen, ANVVA, Gachardstraat 88, Bus 4, 1050 Brussel, Belgium, 1994. 20p. Illus. 7 ref., ISBN 2-87112-024-2 (fr), ISBN 90-70902-24-9 (ned) (In Dutch, French) This booklet illustrates working postures designed to avoid back-pain resulting from manual handling operations. (65163)
CIS 95-1660 Bullying at work: Combating offensive behaviour in the workplace. Adams A., BBC Enterprises Ltd 1994, BBC for Business, Woodlands, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0TT, United Kingdom, 1994. 2 videotapes + facilitator's guide (90p., 13 ref.). (In English) Training package designed to teach workers how to identify and combat bullying in the workplace. The effects of bullying on the mental and physical health of employees are discussed in detail. Check-lists, handouts and role playing exercises form an integral part of the training package. (65330)
CIS 95-1661 How to last a lifetime. Thames TV, Yorkshire International Thomson Multimedia, The Television Centre, Leeds LS3 1JS, United Kingdom, no date. 5-part TV series, also available on videotape. ### (In English) Five-part TV series also available in video format. Part 3 (Work/Survival) deals with stress in the workplace, with nursing, financial trading and machinery operation in modern factories used as examples. The role of stress in the aetiology of heart disease is discussed. (65479)
Periodicals, books, databases, audiovisualsCIS 95-1662 Advances in personal protective equipment. Proctor T.D., Mining Engineer, May 1992, Vol.151, No.368, p.311-313. Illus. 4 ref. (In English) Methods used to evaluate the use of personal protective equipment are briefly described. A survey of foundry workers indicated that goggles frequently misted up during hot, heavy work; laboratory experiments demonstrated that the problem could be overcome by increasing the ventilation of the goggles. A study of the comfort of helmets on construction sites led to a number of improvements in the design of the helmet cradle and the sweat band. Studies show that considerations of acceptability are at least as important as those of protection. (65262)
CIS 95-1663 Degree-level education in occupational health and safety in Australia. Taylor G., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Aug. 1995, Vol.11, No.4, p.359-371. 3 ref. (In English) A skills audit conducted by the Safety Institute of Australia (SIA) resulted in a set of seven units of competency for health and safety practitioners along with performance criteria for each element of competency. Worksafe Australia has also developed seven core learning objectives. A comparison of the SIA competencies and the Worksafe core objectives is presented along with a comparison of available university courses and the proposed TAFE national diploma. (65278)
CIS 95-1664 Occupational injuries in Bahrain. Al-Arrayed A., Hamza A., Occupational Medicine, Oct. 1995, Vol.45, No.5, p.231-233. 5 ref. (In English) Data on occupational injuries in Bahrain between 1988 and 1991 were obtained from social insurance records and analyzed by sex, nationality, location of injury, workplace and main cause of injury. Data show that Asian workers are at high risk of occupational injury. The construction industry reported most accidents followed by manufacturing; accidents to workers in mining and quarrying were reported least frequently. The main cause of injury was falling or flying objects. Implementation of stringent safety regulations and worker training is recommended. (65305)
CIS 95-1665 When the media seeks out the scientist: What to do?. Schuman S.H., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.3, p.1-9. 12 ref. (In English) The discrepancy between the expectations of the scientist to communicate effectively on his research and the actual outcome presented in the media is discussed. Examples are provided to illustrate the ability of the media to create unnecessary fear: a report of an outbreak of diarrhoea wrongly associated with unwashed melons, and an article implying a link between the reduced use of pesticides by Christmas tree growers and clusters of childhood leukaemia cases. Suggestions are made for scientists in handling interviews with journalists. (65311)
CIS 95-1666 Possibility of using research in safety and technical practice. (Slovak: Možnosti využitia výskumu v bezpečnostnotechnickej praxi) Hatina T., Bezpečná práca, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.26, No.1, p.5-8. (In Slovak) Research tasks in the field of occupational safety: analysis of negative factors at work; creation of a system for monitoring dangerous factors; research on the technical safety of machines and equipment; protection against explosion of flammable gases and vapours; new trends in personal protective equipment; occupational safety education in organizations and in schools (vocational training, management training, workers in special occupations, educational methods, evaluation of education programmes); a government testing station for personal protective equipment; solution of occupational safety problems according to the requirements of enterprises. (65361)
CIS 95-1667 Working conditions and motivation to occupational safety in Eastern German enterprises. (Slovak: Pracovné podmienky a motivácia na bezpečnost' práce vo východonemeckých podnikoch) Uhlig D., Bezpečná práca, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.26, No.1, p.37-40. Illus. (In Slovak) After the unification of Germany, the branch of the Federal Occupational Safety Institute in Dresden carried out a survey to determine how the changed conditions had affected the occupational safety level in enterprises in 1991-1993. The number of enterprises covered by the survey increased during the period and comprised at the end 764 enterprises from all branches of the national economy. After consolidation and modernization of enterprises, an improvement of the safety level was observed. Only in 6% of the enterprises did a bad economic situation cause a deterioration. Responses to questions that reflect employees' attitudes toward occupational safety are shown in graphs in terms of (1) their role in the enterprise (management, safety engineers, workers), (2) the size of the enterprise and (3) its economic situation. Summaries in English and German. (65363)
CIS 95-1668 The VNR dictionary of environmental health and safety. Lisella F.S., ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York N.Y. 10003, USA, 1994. xvi, 356p. 220 ref. (approx.) Price: USD 37.50., ISBN 0-442-00508-3 (In English) Unilingual dictionary of more than 7000 terms in common use in the field of environmental health and safety. The areas of biosafety, environmental law, epidemiology, refuse and sewage disposal, hazardous-material control, industrial hygiene and radiation safety are well covered. Each term is accompanied by a detailed definition. References to related terms are supplied throughout. In appendices: list of acronyms; list of hazardous chemicals, with CAS numbers. (65326)
CIS 95-1669 National education and training strategy for occupational health and safety. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Sep. 1993. vi, 31p. 6 ref., ISBN 0-644-45142-4 (In English) This strategy provides a framework for the coordination of national activities to improve the provision, access and quality of occupational health and safety education and training. The goals and principles of the strategy are set out, priority target groups are identified and roles and responsibilities of participants are described. Components of the strategy are listed along with details of proposed action, responsibilities for key tasks, timeframes and expected outcomes. (65153)
CIS 95-1670 Labour laws and small and medium enterprises. Asian and Pacific Regional Centre for Labour Administration (ARPLA), ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1991. iii, 168p. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 9.00., ISBN 92-2-108158-3 (In English) Proceedings of a conference on labour laws and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) held in Pattaya, Thailand, 24-29 March 1991. Topics covered include: working conditions in small-scale enterprises in the Asia-Pacific region; promotion of occupational safety and health in Japan (information dissemination, assistance in implementation of accident prevention programmes, medical examinations, investigation and research); labour inspection and SMEs in France; implementation of labour laws in SMEs in individual Asian countries. (65147)
CIS 95-1671 Health and safety law. Stranks J., Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), Pitman Publishing, 128 Long Acre, London WC2E 9AN, United Kingdom, 1994. vi, 216p. Illus. 31 ref. Index. Price: GBP 16.99., ISBN 0-273-60733-2 (In English) This manual provides detailed guidance on the principal statutes, regulations, approved codes of practice and guidance notes relating to occupational safety and health in England and Wales. The civil liabilities of employers are explained along with their available defences. Important legal cases concerning occupational safety and health law are summarized. The book includes a general overview of the legal system in England and Wales, the legislative process of the European Communities and the development of European standards. (65275)
CIS 95-1672 Uniform guidelines for accreditation of rehabilitation providers. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Apr. 1995. iv, 13p., ISBN 0-644-35284-1 (In English) These guidelines describe a strategy to ensure compliance with workers' compensation regulations as they relate to the provision of rehabilitation services and to maximize provider performance. Nine principles are set out: existence of organizational philosophy; reporting requirements; staffing; case management; service provision; return to work management; administrative and financial management responsibilities; internal quality assurance; employer-based services. (65154)
CIS 95-1673 1992 and 1993 Annual Reports of the Occupational Diseases Compensation Fund [Belgium]. (Dutch: Fonds voor de beroepsziekten - Jaarverslag - Dienstjaar 1992, 1993; French: Rapports annuels du Fonds des maladies professionnelles - Exercice 1992 et Exercice 1993 [Belgique]) Fonds voor de beroepsziekten, Sterrenkundelaan 1, 1030 Brussel, Belgium, 1992, 1993. 173p. (1992), 166p. (1993). Illus. (In Dutch, French) Contents of these annual reports: I. Organization and operation of the insurance fund. 1. Overview of Belgian legislation pertaining to occupational diseases (list of applicable and abrogated laws and Royal Orders). 2. Occupational Diseases Compensation Fund: 1. Notification of occupational diseases by industrial physicians (breakdown by diagnosis, sex, nationality, age, industry and occupation). 2. Claims for compensation (tendencies in the numbers of diseases reported, breakdown by sex, nationality, place of residence, origin of claim). 3. Issuing of claims. 4. Beneficiaries of workmen's compensation. 5. Removal from the harmful environment and preventive action. II. Statistical data in tabular form. III. Financial data. (65164)
CIS 95-1674 The use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software in safety-related applications. Sinclair I.J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 53p. 15 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-0984-7 (In English) Issues related to the use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software in safety-related applications are discussed. Topics covered include: definitions and description of COTS software; review of existing and emerging standards and guidelines; use of COTS software in a number of industries; suppliers' policies; practical experience of COTS software in high integrity applications; justifying the use of COTS software. It is concluded that COTS software can justifiably be used in low integrity applications provided reasonable arguments can be built up along the lines outlined in this report. Guidance on its use in safety-related applications is presented. (65246)
CIS 95-1675 Valedictory summary of industrial health and safety since the 1974 Act. Rimington J., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 39p. Illus. (In English) This paper by the former Director General of the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive summarizes developments in health and safety during the 21 years since the formation of the Health and Safety Commission (HSC) and Executive (HSE). Topics discussed include the introduction of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974, activities of the European Commission, the development of the HSC and HSE, the emergence of private sector safety and health organizations, European policy making, the HSC's review of health and safety law in 1994, increase in responsibilities of the HSE, and achievements and trends since 1975. (65310)
CIS 95-1676 Occupational safety and health - Thesaurus (I: Alphabetic part; II: Systematic part). (German: Arbeitsschutz - Thesaurus (I: Alphabetischer Teil; II: Systematischer Teil)) Kusenberg W., von Ohle J., Quittek T., Trapp U., Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz, Wirtschaftsverlag NW, Verlag für neue Wissenschaft GmbH, Postfach 10 11 10, 27511 Bremerhaven, Germany, 1995. 2 vols. (xii, 201p. + xi, 191p.), ISBN 3-89429-648-8 (In German) Facet-based thesaurus of 4,880 German-language terms used in the field of occupational safety and health. The terms are those used as descriptors (Hauptschlagwörter) by the LITDOK database of the Bundesanstalt. There are 17 main facet headings: A - General OSH; B - Occupational medicine and psychology; C - Work and safety organization; D - Technology and safety technology; E - Work equipment; F - Transportation and traffic; G - The work environment; H - Dangerous substances; I - Products; K - Activities and processes; L - Occupations; M - Economic sectors; N - Environmental protection; Q - Knowledge, information and documentation; S - Social sciences (including economics), social policies; T - Natural sciences (including medicine); U - Other (geography, persons, institutions, media etc.). (65390)
CIS 95-1677 Safety signs in the workplace: Following European practice. (French: Signalisation sur les lieux de travail. La signalisation à l'heure européenne) Travail et sécurité, Feb. 1995, No.533, p.111-114. Illus. (In French) Implementation into French legislation of Directive 92/58/EEC (see CIS 93-1752) of the Council of European Communities concerning the minimum requirements for the provision of safety and health signs at work. A colour table presents the various safety signs and symbols used. (65281)
CIS 95-1678 Improving compliance with safety procedures - Reducing industrial violations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. vii, 64p. 26 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-7176-0970-7 (In English) This report outlines practical strategies for reducing the potential violation of safety rules and procedures. Contents: human error in industry; the effect of violations on safety and efficiency; role of management; types of violations; methodology for reducing violation potential (identifying the main problems, understanding the causes of the problem, identifying and selecting solutions); sample questionnaires and analysis charts used in the investigation. Recommended solutions are presented in the areas of the design and application of rules and procedures, training, safety commitment, supervision, plant design, job design, work conditions and logistic and organizational factors. (65264)
CIS 95-1679 Risk comparisons between limit values for ionizing radiation, PAH, and benzene in Sweden. Victorin K., Valentin J., Wahlberg K., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Dec. 1993, Vol.18, No.3, p.381-391. 16 ref. (In English) The background of regulatory limit values for carcinogens is discussed and exemplified with the ambient and occupational air pollutants benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene, BaP), ionizing radiation and radon. The estimated cancer risks at different limit values are compared, as is the estimated number of cancer cases annually due to existing pollutant levels. Although the individual lifetime cancer risks are much higher at the occupational limit values for benzene and BaP than what is recommended for the general public, the estimated number of cancer cases annually is lower at existing pollutant levels. The individual cancer risk at the occupational limit for ionizing radiation is comparable to the occupational cancer risk with BaP, but higher than the one for benzene. The estimated number of cancer cases annually due to radiation is low and comparable to the estimated number due to the chemical air pollutants discussed. (65451)
CIS 95-1680 A comparison of analyses of occupational bladder cancer: Death certificate vs. population-based case-control interview data. Burnett C.A., Silverman D.T., Lalich N.R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.677-688. 33 ref. (In English) The ability of death certificate data to identify high-risk occupations for bladder cancer was compared with that of a population-based case-control study. Death certificate data for 1979-1987 were compared with data from cancer registry cases for 1977-1978. Results were compared for 21 suspect occupations. There was broad agreement for 62% of the occupations; the death certificate study identified eight of 15 occupations identified by the case-control study and neither study identified five of the categories. While death certificate data have many limitations, results indicate that such data can provide clues to some occupational health problems. (65174)
CIS 95-1681 Loss of employment and mortality. Morris J.K., Cook D.G., Shaper A.G., British Medical Journal, Apr. 1994, Vol.308, No.6937, p.1135-1139. 30 ref. (In English) A prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the effect of unemployment and early retirement on mortality. The subjects were 6191 British men aged 40-59. The results showed that men who experienced unemployment in the five years after initial screening were twice as likely to die during the following five and a half years as men who remained continuously employed (relative risk (RR) 2.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71-2.65). After adjustment for socioeconomic variables, health-related behaviour, and health indicators that had been assessed at initial screening the relative risk was slightly reduced, to 1.95 (CI 1.57-2.43). Even men who retired early for reasons other than illness and who appeared to be relatively advantaged and healthy had a significantly increased risk of mortality compared to men who remained continuously employed (RR 1.87, CI 1.35-2.60). The increased risk of mortality from cancer was similar to that of mortality from cardiovascular disease. (65447)
CIS 95-1682 Effects of the workplace on fertility and related reproductive outcomes. Baranski B., Environmental Health Perspectives, 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.2, p.81-90. 114 ref. (In English) This report reviews the recent literature on the adverse effects of occupational factors on fertility and related reproductive outcomes. The high prevalence of unsuccessful reproductive outcomes in the general population makes the design of human fertility studies difficult, and it is virtually impossible to estimate the incidence of infertility due to occupational factors in the general population. The collected data suggest that exposure to a number of substances or occupational settings may affect various functions of the male reproductive system. The majority of reviewed papers on female infertility concerns the alterations of menstrual cycle and pregnancy complications rather than occupational exposure-induced female infertility. The literature supports the hypothesis that, in general, working women have a tendency of higher risk of unsuccessful reproductive outcomes, although the existing data are not sufficient. (65465)
CIS 95-1683 A 39-year follow-up of the UK oil refinery and distribution center studies - Results for kidney cancer and leukemia. Rushton L., Environmental Health Perspectives, Dec. 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.6, p.77-84. 71 ref. (In English) This paper reports the principal results of a mortality analysis of workers at UK oil refineries and distribution centres, together with detailed results for kidney cancer and leukaemia. The mortality from all causes of death is lower than that of the general population, and reduced mortality is also found for many of the major nonmalignant causes of death. In the refinery study, some increased mortality patterns are found for diseases of the arteries, and no healthy worker effect is found in the distribution centre study for ischaemic heart disease. Mortality from all neoplasms is lower than expected overall in both studies, largely due to a deficit of deaths from lung neoplasms. Mortality from kidney neoplasms is increased overall in the distribution centre study, and in drivers in particular. The deaths from leukaemia are slightly less than expected in the refinery study and slightly more than expected in the distribution centre study. (65470)
CIS 95-1684 A comparison of some of the characteristics of patients with occupational and non-occupational asthma. Axon E.J., Beach R.J., Burge P.S., Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1995, Vol.45, No.2, p.109-111. 8 ref. ### (In English) (65474)
CIS 95-1685 The use and cost of first aid in the food and drink manufacturing industry. Ferriday D., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.199-204. 11 ref. (In English) A questionnaire survey of 36 food and drink manufacturing companies in the United Kingdom showed that almost all of the companies complied with current legislation by providing trained first aiders and adequate treatment equipment and facilities. The average cost was GBP 16.00 per worker per year. The majority of the treatment provided (93%) was of a minor nature. A case is made for first-aid training to be reduced in content, but undertaken more frequently, to ensure that first aiders can adequately manage an acute, life-threatening medical emergency. (65227)
CIS 95-1686 Occupational case-control studies: I. Collecting information on work histories and work-related exposures. II. Recommendations for exposure assessment. Stewart W.F., Stewart P.A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1994, Vol.26, No.3, p.297-326. Illus. 63 ref. (In English) In the first of these two papers, methods for obtaining work and exposure history data are reviewed and their limitations with respect to exposure assessment are discussed. Problems with the exchange between an interviewer and the respondent and problems in conducting exposure assessments independent of interviewing are discussed and strategies designed to address these problems are presented. In the second paper, systematic procedures are suggested for evaluating occupational exposures in community-based case-control studies. The quality of the reported information and rater familiarity with the job are discussed. Development of an estimate of the probability is recommended and criteria for assessing exposures are identified. (65177)
CIS 95-1687 Effect of different questionnaire formats on reporting of occupational exposures. Teschke K., Kennedy S.M., Olshan A.F., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1994, Vol.26, No.3, p.327-337. 21 ref. (In English) In an exposure monitoring study, 78 saw maintenance tradesmen were interviewed using one of the two questionnaire formats: open-ended and partly prompted questions about categories of materials; and detailed prompting about specific agents. The more open-ended questionnaire elicited fewer exposure responses overall, but more responses about agents not included on the detailed questionnaire. Trade name products and composite materials received more responses in both questionnaire formats. Choices between the two formats should be based on the likely prevalence of exposure in controls and on the effects of trade-offs in sensitivity and specificity. (65178)
CIS 95-1688 SWORD '94: Surveillance of work-related and occupational respiratory disease in the UK. Ross D.J., Sallie B.A., McDonald J.C., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.175-178. Illus. 7 ref. (In English) Chest and occupational physicians participating in SWORD are estimated to have seen 3267 cases of work-related respiratory disease in 1994, similar to the total for 1992-1993. Diseases of long latency accounted for 45% of all reports, followed by asthma (31%) and inhalation accidents (14%). Asbestos was the attributed cause in 92% of reports of long-latency diseases (1529 cases), including 132 cases of pneumoconiosis and 26 cases of lung cancer. Trends over the six years of the scheme show slight changes in attributed agents for occupational asthma and in the frequency of various diagnoses. (65223)
CIS 95-1689 Health status, health habits, utilization behaviour and health care utilization in an actively employed Japanese population. Ren A., Okubo T., Takahashi K., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.186-192. Illus. 25 ref. (In English) Health care utilization data for local public service employees were obtained from health insurance claims. The data were analyzed in relation to data on their perceived health status, health habits, health care utilization behaviour and health related worries obtained from a questionnaire survey. Health care utilization behaviour was the most important predictor of health care utilization, followed by perceived health status and some health habits (sleep, diet, body weight). Findings indicate that if utilization behaviour modification is incorporated into various worksite health programmes, greater reduction can be achieved in employee health care utilization and costs. (65225)
CIS 95-1690 Determination of consumer satisfaction - A basic step for quality improvement of an occupational hygiene service. Kahan E., Peretz C., Rybski M., Shain R., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.193-198. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) A questionnaire survey was carried out among clients of the Institute of Occupational Health at Tel Aviv University (Israel) to determine consumer satisfaction with various aspects of the service. Satisfaction with the waiting period for the last service report, satisfaction with the courtesy of the last service and respect for the consumer had the strongest influence on general satisfaction with the service. Costs were not found to be significant with regard to satisfaction with the service. The methodology is recommended as a way of defining the key factor for service improvement. (65226)
CIS 95-1691 Multiple channels for occupational health services to small-scale enterprises in Japan. Muto T., Higashi T., Mizoue T., Fukuwatari Y., Yoshimura T., Occupational Medicine, Oct. 1995, Vol.45, No.5, p.268-272. Illus. 19 ref. (In English) A literature survey was carried out to determine the characteristics of occupational health services available to small-scale enterprises in Japan. Services were provided by both government organizations (the Japanese Industrial Safety and Health Association, regional and prefectural occupational health centres, and other health centres) and by non-governmental organizations (parent companies, occupational health organizations, hospitals, medical associations, trade associations and health insurance societies). The quality of service differed greatly between the organizations; parent companies and occupational health organizations appeared to provide the best services. Health care programmes were more popular than management of the work environment or working practices. (65307)
CIS 95-1692 Audit of pre-employment assessments by occupational health departments in the National Health Service. Whitaker S., Aw T.C., Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1995, Vol.45, No.2, p.75-80. Illus. 8 ref. ### (In English) This comparative study of pre-employment assessments of applicants to the British National Health Service revealed wide variation in restriction and rejection policies of various occupational health departments conducting the assessments. (65472)
CIS 95-1693 Assessing the use of computers in industrial occupational health departments. Owen J.P., Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1995, Vol.45, No.2, p.105-108. 8 ref. ### (In English) (65473)
CIS 95-1694 Occupational bronchial asthma. (German: Das berufliche Asthma bronchiale) Maruna H., Kohout E., Vetter N., Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Adalbert-Stifter-Strasse 65, 1200 Wien, Austria, 1992. 53p. 29 ref., ISBN 3-900608-14-8 (In German) Contents of this information booklet: bronchial asthma (BA) as an occupational disease; history of the recognition of BA as an occupational disease in Austria; statistics of the disease; disease causes; pathogenesis and clinical history of occupational BA; diagnosis and expertise; cost of disability pensions given to BA sufferers in Austria; prevention of the inhalation of substances liable to cause BA; importance of professional orientation in the prevention of BA. In annex: list of the most common BA-inducing agents, divided according to whether they occur in the "natural" or occupational environment; estimated "sensitization index" of various BA-inducing agents. (65325)
CIS 95-1695 Diseases of workers. Ramazzini B., OH&S Press, NorthWest Training and Development, 438 S. Franklin St., Thunder Bay, Ontario P7E 1R4, Canada, 1993. [11], 317p. Bibl.ref. Price: CAD 29.95., ISBN 0-9696816-0-7 (In English) New edition of a 1940 English translation (by W. C. Wright) of the first manual of occupational medicine (De morbis artificum diatriba), as published at Padua, Italy, in 1713. Diseases associated with 53 occupations or groups of occupations are described. Relevant observations by earlier authors are quoted. The importance of good hygiene is stressed. (65338)
CIS 95-1696 Fitness for work - The medical aspects. Cox R.A.F., Edwards F.C., McCallum R.I., eds., Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, United Kingdom, 2nd ed. 1995. xxi, 540p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 27.50., ISBN 0-19-262345-1 (In English) This manual provides guidance to the effects of medical conditions on employment and working capacity. Contents: assessment of fitness for work; legal aspects and services for the disabled; effects of medication; hearing, vestibular, visual and ocular disorders; dermatology; neurological disorders; epilepsy; spinal disorders; limb disorders; trauma; diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders; gastrointestinal and liver disorders; cardiovascular disorders; respiratory disorders; renal and urological disorders; haematological disorders; women at work; surgery; psychiatric disorders; stress, alcohol and drug abuse; acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Appendices cover: driving; civil aviation; seafarers; offshore workers and divers; working overseas; ethics for occupational physicians; European Community directives; ill-health retirement guidance. (65144)
CIS 95-1697 Health protection and health promotion in small-scale enterprises. Rantanen J., Lehtinen S., Mikheev M., International Labour Office, eds., Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Information Office, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250 Helsinki, Finland, 1994. ii, 178p. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 30.00, USD 20.00 for developing countries., ISBN 951-802-060-4 (In English) Proceedings of a joint WHO/ILO task group on health protection and health promotion in small-scale enterprises (SSEs) held in Bangkok, Thailand, 1-3 November 1993. The purpose of the meeting was to review the global situation on health protection and health promotion in SSEs and to identify effective, low-cost solutions. Papers include: working document on occupational health activities in SSEs and recommendations for occupational health promotion; WHO and ILO approaches in the fields of SSEs; country reports describing the situation in nine countries. (65151)
CIS 95-1698 Public health surveillance. Halperin W., Baker E.L., Monson R.R., eds., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1992. xx, 238p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-442-00762-0 (In English) This textbook reviews the history of public health surveillance in the US and describes methodologies used. Examples of surveillance in a range of areas are presented, including hazard surveillance, nosocomial infections, injury surveillance and epidemiological surveillance following disasters. A chapter on surveillance of occupational illness and injury covers general principles, medical screening, interpretation and action based on group test results (legal and ethical responsibilities), health care provider case reporting and monitoring injury, illness and exposure trends. (65260)
CIS 95-1699 Hazard perceptions of California farm operators. Farrar J.A., Schenker M.B., McCurdy S.A., Morrin L.A., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.27-40. 24 ref. (In English) In a survey of 140 randomly selected California farm operators, only 10% perceived farming to be more hazardous than other occupations. The most frequently mentioned health concerns were injuries, pesticides and chemicals, stress and cancer. Operating or repairing farm equipment was most frequently identified as the single most hazardous farm task. Earlier studies in Iowa and New York had revealed that approximately 70% of farmers in those States considered farming to be more dangerous than other occupations. Reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. (65183)
CIS 95-1700 A survey of California pest control advisers: Occupational health and safety implications. Maizlish N.A., Rudolph L.A., Dervin K.A., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.41-55. 11 ref. (In English) A survey of licensed pest control advisors in California was undertaken to investigate current practices and their implications for the health and safety of pesticide workers. Advisors ranked effectiveness of pest control and worker health and safety as the top concerns when selecting pest control materials; a need for more useful non-chemical alternatives was identified. Following the ban on the use of parathion, most advisors planned to substitute either insecticides of similar toxicity or less toxic organophosphates or carbamates. Large-scale expansion of integrated pest control management and substitution of chemical pesticides are recommended. (65184)
CIS 95-1701 Identifying fatal agricultural occupational injuries in Colorado, 1982-1987: A comparison of two surveillance systems. Stallones L., Marine W., Garrett C., Krafft K., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.3, p.29-38. 14 ref. (In English) Two systems for the surveillance of fatal agricultural injuries in Colorado, USA were compared: one based on death certificate data where place of injury was a farm, and a second, more comprehensive, system based on death certificate data for work-related injuries and on a workers' compensation data system. The comprehensive surveillance identified more agricultural work-related deaths than place of injury surveillance and provided higher average annual rates of injury. Results suggest that place-of-injury surveillance alone would underestimate agricultural work-related deaths and that more comprehensive surveillance systems are required. (65314)
CIS 95-1702 Neuropsychological deficit among elderly workers in aluminum production. Bast-Pettersen R., Drabløs P.A., Goffeng L.O., Thomassen Y., Torres C.G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.649-662. 35 ref. (In English) Neuropsychological tests were carried out on 38 workers aged 61-66 years at a Norwegian primary aluminium plant. The group comprised 14 potroom workers, 8 foundry workers and 16 controls. There was a tendency towards more neuropsychiatric symptoms in both groups of aluminium workers. Potroom workers showed a subclinical tremor, a tendency towards impaired visuospatial organization, and a slight decline in psychomotor tempo. No signs of cognitive impairment were observed. The findings may be related to long-term exposure in the potroom and further to chronic low-dose exposure to aluminium. (65173)
CIS 95-1703 Health status and exposure of workers at a pilot brown coal liquefaction plant in Australia, 1985-1991. Driscoll T., Mandryk J., Corvalan C., Nurminen M., Hull B., Rogers A., Yeung P., Hollo C., Ruck E., Leigh J., Occupational Medicine, Oct. 1995, Vol.45, No.5, p.239-246. 41 ref. (In English) A study was carried out on 408 workers employed at an Australian brown coal liquefaction plant at some time between 1985 and 1990. An analysis was made of airborne exposure data and health information which were routinely collected by the company. The main adverse finding was the large proportion of workers who reported photosensitive reactions; reported photosensitivity was associated with higher cumulative skin exposure. There was no consistent evidence for adverse effects on haematological, biochemical, endocrine or lung functions. However, further follow-up would be necessary to detect any emerging chronic effects. (65306)
CIS 95-1704 Small-scale enterprises. African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, Sep. 1995, Vol.5, No.2, p.27-48 (whole issue). Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Contents of this issue entirely devoted to the safety and health problems of small-scale enterprises in the developing world, with particular attention to Africa: Improving productivity by means of better working conditions - an ILO intervention programme for small enterprises (Di Martino V.); workplace improvements in small-scale industries in Kenya achieved by WISE methodology (Muchiri F.K.); work and hazards in Jua Kali ("Hot Sun") industries in Kenya ( Atambo H.); occupational health in small-scale industries in Africa (Loewenson R.); occupational health hazards of cassava processing in Nigeria (Fajemilehin B.R., Jinadu M.K.); the health effects of unemployment in Africa (Alli B.O.); action programme on small-scale enterprises in Finland (Huuskonen M., Koskinen K.). (65322)
CIS 95-1705 The workplace of garage mechanics. A toxicological and epidemiological approach. (French: Le poste de mécanicien automobile. Toxicologie et approche épidémiologique) Médecins du Comité d'Hygiène Industrielle de Lyon, Centre d'information des services médicaux d'entreprises et Interentreprises, 31 rue Médéric, 75832 Paris Cedex 17, France, 1992. [122]p. Illus. 16 ref., ISBN 2-85525-319-5 (In French) Clinical investigation was carried out by occupational physicians on 267 garage mechanics working in 86 automotive repair shops as well as on 536 controls. A detailed analysis of the workplace was carried out at the same time concerning the following major factors: manual handling, solvents and fuels, brake dust, carbon and nitrogen monoxide, mutagenicity of air contaminants, health impairment in garage mechanics, ophthalmological hazards, role of the occupational physician. (65162)
CIS 95-1706 Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994: Brief for a designers' handbook. Joseh C., Delves A., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 61p. Illus. Price: GBP 17.00., ISBN 0-7176-0896-4 (In English) This report provides guidance for authors of handbooks aimed at helping designers comply with their responsibilities under the Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) Regulations, 1994 (see CIS 95-13). It is recommended that the handbooks be organized under the following headings: introduction; the size of the problem; the CDM Regulations; the principles of the approach; information and guidance on pervasive issues; tests of designers' competence; integrating CDM into the design process; systems and work sections; worked examples; presentation; selected sources of guidance. (65244)
CIS 95-1707 Physical selection for rescue craft crew. David G.C., Fernandes A.F., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. ii, 75p. Illus. 34 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-0855-7 (In English) A survey was carried out to investigate the training received by rescue craft crew in the offshore oil and gas industry in the North Sea and the physical demands of their work. Recovery of a casualty into the rescue craft was identified as one of the most physically demanding activities carried out. A simulation study showed that this task caused high levels of physiological and biomechanical stress. Data from the study were used to design a static strength test for use in the physical selection of crew. The physical demands of other tasks need to be investigated so that further physical selection criteria may be developed. (65249)
CIS 95-1708 Occupational health and safety performance overviews, selected industries. Issue No.5 - Clothing and footwear industry. Cole B., Foley G., National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, May 1995. viii, 26p. Illus. 6 ref., ISBN 0-644-35292-2 (In English) This report highlights potential safety and health problem areas in the Australian clothing and footwear industry. The statistics of injury and disease are based on workers' compensation data and are analyzed by occupation, age group, sex, the nature, bodily location, mechanism and agency of the injury or disease and by time of accident. Data on compensation costs by State and Territory are included. Areas of concern are machine operations, muscular stress during manual handling, falls associated with hazardous indoor traffic areas and noise. (65156)
CIS 95-1709 Occupational health and safety performance overviews, selected industries. Issue No.6 - Cleaning services industry. Foley G., National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Apr. 1995. viii, 16p. Illus. 6 ref., ISBN 0-644-35288-8 (In English) This report highlights potential safety and health problem areas in the Australian cleaning services industry (cleaning of buildings, windows, chimneys, offices, telephones). The statistics of injury and disease are based on workers' compensation data and are analyzed by occupation, age group, sex, the nature, bodily location, mechanism and agency of the injury or disease and by time of accident. Costs of work-related injury and disease are estimated. Areas of concern are use of hand-tools, appliances and equipment, manual handling practices, and slips and falls related to the work environment. (65157)
CIS 95-1710 Local authorities report on health and safety in the service industries. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 7p. (In English) This report provides summary information on the nature of accidents in service sector premises for the period 1993-1994 and details of local authorities' enforcement action. A total of 25,865 injuries were reported, including 5,695 major injuries and 51 fatalities. The highest rates of major injury occurred in the recreational industry and wholesale sector. Slips and falls accounted for over 40% of all injuries; handling, lifting and carrying accounted for 36% of over-3-day injuries. The work of the Health and Safety Executive/Local Authority Enforcement Liaison Committee (HELA) for the same period is reviewed. (65267)
CIS 95-1711 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing injuries and deaths of fire fighters. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Sep. 1994. 9p. Illus. 20 ref. (In English) Fatality data on fire fighters are presented along with a case report of a fire in which two firemen died. Four precautionary measures for avoiding injuries and deaths to firemen are identified: following established fire-fighting policies and procedures; implementing an adequate respirator maintenance programme; establishing fire fighter accountability at the fire scene; using personal alert safety system (PASS) devices at the fire scene. (65269)
CIS 95-1712 Evaluation of the health risks to compost workers due to emission of microbes and development of protective measures. (German: Abschätzung von Gesundheitsrisiken für Müllwerker durch Keimemissionen und Entwicklung von Arbeitsschutzmassnahmen) Stalder K., ed., Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Technologie, 53170 Bonn, Germany, Apr. 1994. 55p. Illus. 68 ref. (In German) The total and suspended particulate matter of 4 different composting plants was analyzed to determine the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. Total values of pathogens ranged between 100 and 100,000cfu/m3. Viruses were detected in 49 of 165 samples. In all composting plants mesophilic and thermophilic actinomycetes were found in numbers above 100,000cfu/m3. Moulds mostly amounted to more than 10,000cfu/m3 with peaks of 1,000,000cfu/m3. Tests of sensitization to actinomycetes and moulds in 30 workers from the composting plants showed significantly higher antibody titres against actinomycetes than in a control group. There were no signs of illness in the workers. Health protection of workers can be achieved through blood monitoring for antibodies, enclosing conveyor belts, exhaust ventilation, confining the use of work clothing to the composting plant and prohibition of any food intake in the workplace. Summary in English. (65393)
CIS 95-1713 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing deaths and injuries of adolescent workers. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, May 1995. 13p. 18 ref. (In English) This data sheet presents data on work-related injuries among adolescents and identifies work that is especially hazardous: working in or around motor vehicles, operating tractors and other heavy equipment, working near electrical hazards, jobs with a high risk for homicide, working with fall hazards, working around cooking appliances, hazardous manual lifting. Existing regulations are outlined and recommendations for protecting adolescent workers are put forward. (65270)
CIS 95-1714 What makes women sick. Gender and the political economy of health. Doyal L., Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS, United Kingdom, 1995. xii, 280p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 11.99., ISBN 0-333-54205-3 (In English) This book identifies similarities in the health needs of all women whatever their social or cultural environment and also highlights important differences. A chapter on household and waged work covers: sexual divisions in waged work; a review of studies on women, work and health; hazards of industrial and agricultural employment; male bias in occupational health research; reproductive risks associated with occupational exposure to toxic chemicals; occupational stress and gender; hazards of 'female occupations' with reference to nursing and office work. The activities of organizations aimed at improving the working conditions of women are also discussed. (65232)
CIS 95-1715 Metal-degreasing machines using chlorinated and fluorochlorinated solvents. (French: Machines à dégraisser les métaux aux solvants chlorés et chlorofluorés) Institut national de Recherche et de Sécurité, INRS, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1990. 31p. Illus. 9 ref., ISBN 2-85599-885-9 (In French) Contents of this safety guide: description of the techniques used; analysis of the chemical, mechanical and electrical hazards; hazards of thermal burns, falls and noise; preventive measures to be applied at the design stage of the machine, at the installation of the equipment and during normal operation and maintenance. (65167)
CIS 95-1716 Health and safety for small construction sites. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. v, 64p. Illus. 60 ref. Price: GBP 5.95., ISBN 0-7176-0806-9 (In English) This health and safety guide is for smaller construction firms employing up to about 20 people and for those involved with work at smaller construction sites. Contents: setting up the site (planning, notification, reporting of accidents and diseases); potential hazards on the site (working at height, materials handling, excavations and underground services, working in confined spaces, harmful substances, noise and vibration, site vehicles, electricity, fire, work affecting the public); protective equipment; setting up the company (complying with health and safety legislation, responsibilities, role of inspectors). (65320)
CIS 95-1717 A guide to the Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works (Management and Administration) Regulations 1995. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 41p. 11 ref. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-7176-0938-3 (In English) This guide presents the text of the Offshore Installations and Pipeline Works (Management and Administration) Regulations 1995 (see CIS 95-804) along with appropriate guidance. Main provisions concern: definition of offshore installations; places and activities to which the Regulations apply; notification of authorities; duties and rights of installation managers; co-operation requirements; record keeping; permits to work; requirements for written health and safety instructions; arrangements for effective communication; safety of helideck operations; operational information requirements; health surveillance; supply drinking water and other provisions; identification of the offshore installation; employers' liability. (65318)
CIS 95-1718 Health and safety in the textile industry - 6. Spinning of semi-carded wool. (French: Hygiène et sécurité dans l'industrie textile - 6. La filature de la laine semi-peignée) Institut national de Recherche et de Sécurité, INRS, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1988. 56p. Illus., ISBN 2-85599-783-6 (In French) Booklet aimed at managers, foremen, industrial physicians and health and safety committees. Every operation involved in the spinning process in described as well as the hazards related to machinery and equipment. General safety rules to be applied. (65166)
CIS 95-1719 Arsenic levels in hair of workers in a semiconductor fabrication facility. de Peyster A., Silvers J.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Apr. 1995, Vol.56, No.4, p.377-383. 22 ref. (In English) This study examines the relationship between total arsenic (As) levels in the hair of employees in a semiconductor fabrication facility and job responsibility, a surrogate variable for As exposure potential. Maintenance personnel who regularly worked in equipment cleaning areas were assumed to have a higher potential for occupational exposure to As than other employees. Hair samples were collected from workers with high, medium and low potential for exposure and from controls (administrative employees). Total As in hair was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Exposure levels were established by taking air and wipe samples, and by evaluating returned questionnaires designed to detect nonoccupational As sources. Mean hair As, though somewhat higher than in controls, was not significantly higher in any of the exposed groups. In general, nonoccupational sources of As seemed to contribute more to hair As levels than any occupational exposure. Monitoring for low-level As exposure in this industry should only be considered if nonoccupational exposures can also be examined. (65373)
CIS 95-1720 Incorporation of safety - Design of an automated system. (French: L'intégration de la sécurité. Conception d'un automatisme) Kneppert M., Travail et sécurité, May 1995, No.536, p.309-315. Illus. 7 ref. (In French) This study investigates safety during the operation of an automated production system (for example, hazards due to the presence or intrusion of persons in the danger zone). The principal safety measure is the shutting down of dangerous parts and their maintenance in an immobilized state. Basic safety principles are surveyed (direct and indirect safety measures, incorporation of safety elements in the equipment), as is the integration of safety elements at different levels of the system (power source; controls; wired logic part (treatment of various functions, construction, principles)). The main recommendation is that the functional components of the system should be separated from the safety components in order to avoid mistakes and breakdowns. Several diagrams illustrate the study. (65285)
CIS 95-1721 The blueprint of life. Paddock P., Safety and Health Practitioner, Aug. 1995, Vol.13, No.8, p.28-35. Illus. 27 ref. (In English) The benefits and risks of genetic engineering are outlined along with key developments over the past 40 years and current techniques. The regulatory framework in the United Kingdom is explained, in particular the requirements of the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations, 1992 (see CIS 93-1072), Part VI of the Environmental Protection Act, 1990, the Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations, 1992 (see CIS 93-1073), and the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations, 1994 (COSHH) (see CIS 95-19). Short glossary. (65222)
CIS 95-1722 Hazard assessment and control technology in semiconductor manufacturing II. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), 6500 Glenway Avenue, Bldg. D-7, Cincinnati, OH 45211-4438, USA, 1993. vii, 347p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 1-882417-02-X (In English) Proceedings of a conference on hazard assessment and control in semiconductor manufacturing held in Massachusetts, USA, October 1991. Topics covered: health studies (statistics of injury and illness 1982-1990, reproductive health, respiratory symptoms, carpal tunnel syndrome); exposure assessment (glove permeation by solvents, exposure to inorganic acids and magnetic fields etc.); toxicology (biological indicators of exposure to III-V semiconductors, medical management of exposure to hydrofluoric acid etc.); process hazard review (FMECA, HAZOP etc.); control technologies; new technologies. The proceedings of the first conference were abstracted as CIS 90-159. (65143)
CIS 95-1723 Technological change in the workplace: Health impacts for workers. Brown M.P., Froines J.R., eds., UCLA Institute of Industrial Relations, Publications Center, 1001 Gayley Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1478, USA, 1993. viii, 130p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 18.50., ISBN 0-89215-180-3 (In English) This monograph discusses the impact of changing workplace technologies on workers' health and safety. Topics include: positive and negative aspects of new technology; initiatives for promoting technological change in the workplace; legal aspects with reference to the mining and poultry processing industries; health effects of technological change in offices and the health care industry; need for an ergonomic approach to technological change; ergonomics of hand-held power tools; role of injury prevention research; new technology in developing countries; reduction of worker stress caused by technological change. (65152)
CIS 95-1724 The particle size distribution, density, and specific surface area of welding fumes from SMAW and GMAW mild and stainless steel consumables. Hewett P., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.128-135. Illus. 24 ref. (In English) Particle size distributions were measured for fumes from SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) and GMAW (gas metal arc welding) mild steel (MS) and stainless steel (SS) consumables. The estimated mass distribution geometric means of the aerodynamic equivalent diameter (AED) were 0.59µm for SMAW-MS, 0.46µm for SMAW-SS and 0.25µm for both types of GMAW consumables. The bulk fume densities and specific surface areas were similar for SMAW and GMAW consumables, respectively, but differed between each other. The distribution of metals was similar to that of mass distributions. Particle size distributions and physical characteristics of the fumes differed considerably between welding methods, with little difference between MS and FS fumes within each method. (65211)
CIS 95-1725 Estimation of regional pulmonary deposition and exposure for fumes from SMAW and GMAW mild and stainless consumables. Hewett P., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.136-142. Illus. 21 ref. (In English) Particle size distributions and bulk fume densities for mild steel and stainless steel welding fumes generated using the SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) and the GMAW (gas metal arc welding) process were used in mathematical models in order to estimate regional pulmonary deposition and exposure. Total lung deposition for GMAW fumes was 60% greater than that of SMAW fumes. It is likely that for the same exposure concentration GMAW fumes deliver nearly three times the particle surface area to the lungs as SMAW fumes, leading to the hypothesis that GMAW fumes constitute a greater pulmonary hazard than do SMAW fumes. (65212)
CIS 95-1726 Factors influencing the production of dust during the hand sanding of wood. Thorpe A., Brown R.C., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.236-242. Illus. 6 ref. (In English) The effect of wood density and hardness, sandpaper grade and contact pressure on the production of dust during the sanding of wood was investigated. The harness and density of wood correlated so well with each other that their effects could not be distinguished from each other. The rate of dust production was lower and the resulting dust finer with harder woods, but the mass ratio of dust produced and wood removed was fairly constant for all types of wood. Fine and coarse sandpaper produced similar concentrations of airborne dust, but coarse sandpaper produced less dust per unit mass of wood removed. Similarly, less dust per unit mass of wood removed was produced by small samples than by large ones, but this benefit is offset by the lower efficiency of dust extraction systems when small samples are involved. (65218)
CIS 95-1727 Variability of particle size-specific fractions of personal coal mine dust exposures. Seixas N.S., Hewett P., Robins T.G., Haney R., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.243-250. Illus. 28 ref. (In English) This study estimated the ratio of the tracheo-bronchial dust fraction to the fraction collected by a respirable-dust sampler for various job classifications in coal mining. These ratios can then be applied in epidemiologic studies to existing respirable dust measurements to estimate thoracic mass concentrations for evaluation of the relative importance of the respirable and thoracic dust fractions to obstructive lung disease. Particle-size distribution data (180 samples in all) from 4 underground coal mines in the US were used. No significant differences were found when the samples were grouped by occupation, proximity of work to the mine face or by the type of mining technology in use. Differences between samples from one of the mines and the others might be attributed to the use of diesel equipment for haulage, which contributed to the fine aerosol fractions. Results suggest that estimates of occupation-specific tracheo-bronchial dust fractions are not likely to produce better exposure-response information than estimates of respirable dust concentrations collected by traditional techniques. (65219)
CIS 95-1728 Dust generation from handling powders in industry. Plinke M.A.E., Leith D., Boundy M.G., Löffler F., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.251-257. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) This article explores the hypothesis that the amount of dust generated by an industrial process that handles granular material depends on the size distribution of the granules and the ratio of impaction to cohesion. A mathematical model based on this hypothesis is developed and evaluated using 441 data sets from an apparatus that measures dust generation in industry. Various kinds of dust (titanium dioxide, limestone, glass beads and lactose), with different moisture contents (0-6%) and size distributions were dropped from various height levels and at different material flow rates. The most important factor for dust generation was cohesion. Impaction had a lesser influence, and size distribution of the granular material even less. On the whole, the equations presented were validated and can be used with reasonable confidence for the prediction of dust generation. (65220)
CIS 95-1729 Asbestos - A risk too far?. Weill H., Hughes J.M, Jones R.N., Johnson E.S., Weiss W., Browne K., McDonald C., Taylor A.N., Lancet, 29 July 1995, Vol.346, No.8970, p.304-306. 7 ref. (In English) A series of letters is presented in reply to an earlier article describing a study to test the hypothesis that asbestos is associated with lung cancer even in the absence of radiologically apparent pulmonary fibrosis (see CIS 95-1319). Discrepancies in the study design and methods used are discussed and it is concluded that the hypothesis was not proved. Includes a reply to these letters by the authors of the study. (65242)
CIS 95-1730 Standing committee on asbestos: Four measures. (French: Comité permanent amiante. 4 mesures) Bignon J., Brochard P., Ravault M.C., Laforest J.C., Bouige D., Travail et sécurité, May 1995, No.536, p.288. Illus. (In French) In order to be able to respond to questions raised by the presence of asbestos in buildings, the French Permanent Commission on Asbestos (CPA) organized a press conference in which the following four measures were announced: dissemination of 10 recommendations for what to do in the presence of sprayed asbestos; organization of a mail campaign addressed to regional and general councils throughout France in order to call their attention to these recommendations and to ensure their distribution to persons concerned by them; publication of a guidance note aimed at persons with responsibility for buildings; installation of a telephone service providing answers to questions relating to the subject. (65283)
CIS 95-1731 Occupational health problems caused by asbestos. (French: Les pathologies professionnelles liées à l'amiante) Travail et sécurité, May 1995, No.536, p.289. (In French) Asbestos is a general term that actually refers to two classes of minerals. The most important distinction to be made is that between chrysotile and the amphiboles. In fact the amphibole family is clearly linked to the health effects normally associated with asbestos. Present-day epidemiological studies of populations exposed only to chrysotile demonstrate the existence of a threshold value below which there is no significant increase in the incidence of asbestosis or lung cancer. (65284)
CIS 95-1732 Design of a versatile impactor-type aerosol collector. (French: Conception d'un collecteur d'aérosols de type impacteurs à cascade polyvalent) Picard P., Michaud D., Baril M., Travail et santé, Sep. 1995, Vol.11, No.3, p.S-13 to S-17. 23 ref. Illus. (In French) The use of cascade impactors for sampling aerosols according to their size is particularly effective for the sampling of aerosols with diameters between 0.1µm and a few tens of microns. An apparatus, the SPAL collector, was designed with rotatable substrate plates and radially aligned rectangular orifices. The cut-off diameters are, respectively, for stages 1 to 7 of the collector: 10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.1µm for a nominal air flow of 10L/min. The sampler has an auxiliary set of orifice plates for operation at 20L/min giving the same cut-off characteristics. Uniform, annular deposits are obtained following complete rotation of the collecting substrates. Rotation of the plates may be controlled to some fixed and predetermined angle to produce a more concentrated deposit if necessary. Air-flow is controlled with a critical orifice at the last stage. The performance of the SPAL collector has been successfully compared to that of other samplers of this type. It gives the user increased control over air flow, type of substrate and geometry of deposit. It can thus meet with a larger range of specific sampling requirements in different fields of application: environment, bio-aerosols, industrial hygiene, etc. For this, just a few changes need to be made. (65331)
CIS 95-1733 Estimating possible fraud in coal mine operators' samples of respirable dust. Weeks J.L., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Apr. 1995, Vol.56, No.4, p.328-332. 26 ref. (In English) In the US, coal mine operators are required to sample miners' exposure to respirable dust on a regular basis. A method was developed for the screening of all operator samples for detecting possible instances of fraud. The method relies on the occurrence of very low concentration (VLC) samples, i.e. concentrations ≤ 0.1mg/m3, more frequently than expected. Out of 1983 continuous mining section samples examined, there were 147 VLC-50 sections, i.e. for which the proportion of VLC samples exceeded 50% (vs. 7.3 expected, O/E 0 20.1, based on the assumption that the occurrence of VLC samples could be described with the binomial probability distribution). These 147 sections occurred more frequently than expected in small as opposed to large mines. For sections using conventional mining techniques, 19 out of 175 were VLC-50 vs. 0.9 expected (O/E = 20.8). On the other hand, in mines with longwall sections and in those with bituminous and anthracite hand-loading sections the observed number of VLC-50 sections was not significantly different from the expected. It is suggested that investigation for fraud should be restricted to continuous and conventional-technique coal mines with VLC-50 sections. (65371)
CIS 95-1734 Phase contrast microscopy asbestos fiber counting performance in the Proficiency Analytical Testing program. Schlecht P.C., Shulman S.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.480-489. Illus. 10 ref. (In English) This report evaluates 20 years (1972-1992) of asbestos fibre count reporting for the Proficiency Analytical Testing (PAT) programme operated jointly by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the US. Estimates were obtained for total, intracounter and intercounter variability. Total variability of counting chrysotile asbestos fibres improved by ca. 35% in recent years when compared with the period 1975-1977, at the lowest filter fibre densities used in the PAT programme. Compared with chrysotile fibre counts, there was a reduction of ca. 25% for intracounter and of ca. 33% for intercounter and total variability for amosite fibre counts during the period 1986-1991. In addition, amosite intercounter variability improved by ca. 33% during the same period. Factors affecting performance, such as changes in phase contrast microscope fibre counting methods, PAT participation, the AIHA Laboratory Accreditation Program and PAT sample production, are discussed as possible factors affecting variability. (65378)
CIS 95-1735 Pulmonary retention of ceramic fibers in silicon carbide (SiC) workers. Dufresne A., Loosereewanich P., Armstrong B., Infante-Rivard C., Perrault G., Dion C., Massé S., Bégin R., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.490-498. Illus. 26 ref. (In English) The fibrous inorganic content of post-mortem lung material from 15 men who had worked in the primary silicon carbide industry was evaluated. Of the workers, with 23-32 years of exposure, 6 had lung fibrosis (LF), 4 had LF and lung cancer (LFLC) while 5 had neither condition (NFNC). Pulmonary retention of SiC fibres ≥5µm showed an excess in LF and LFLC cases combined versus NFNC that approached statistical significance (p=0.06). Though further differences were found between the groups in correlations of measures of fibre content (lung concentrations of SiC ceramic fibres < 5µm, lung retention of ferruginous bodies) and type (or absence) of lung disease, none of them reached statistical significance. (65379)
CIS 95-1736 Estimation of long-term exposure to pesticides. Brouwer D.H., Brouwer E.J., van Hemmen J.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1994, Vol.25, No.4, p.573-588. 26 ref. (In English) An exposure index was developed to estimate long-term dermal and inhalation exposure of bulb farmers to pesticides. The proposed index consists of generic levels of exposure specific to the method of application and is further determined by farm-related parameters such as acreage and number of pesticide applications. Ranking of 127 bulb farmers according to calculated lifetime dermal exposure correlated only moderately to ranking based on duration of exposure. The proposed index could provide a useful estimate of long-term exposure to a mixture of pesticides in epidemiological investigations. (65139)
CIS 95-1737 A retrospective mortality study of workers exposed to arsenic in a gold mine and refinery in France. Simonato L., Moulin J.J., Javelaud B., Ferro G., Wild P., Winkelmann R., Saracci R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.625-633. 18 ref. (In English) In a mortality study among employees of a French gold mining and refining company, a twofold excess of lung cancer was found among both miners and smelters, mainly concentrated among workers who had experienced exposure to past levels of arsenic, radon and silica. The consistency of the results in the mine and the refinery are suggestive of a carcinogenic risk from both soluble and insoluble arsenic, although the potential role of other factors cannot be dismissed. (65171)
CIS 95-1738 The national sheet metal worker asbestos disease screening program: Radiologic findings. Welch L.S., Michaels D., Zoloth S.R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.635-648. Illus. 35 ref. (In English) This report presents data from a series of asbestos disease screening examinations of 9605 United States sheet metal workers with at least 20 years experience in the trade. The overall prevalence of asbestos-related radiographic changes was 31.1%. Of these, 18.8% had pleural abnormalities alone, 6.6% had parenchymal abnormalities alone, and 5.7% had both. Prevalence of abnormalities increased with years of exposure and years since first exposure. Cigarette smoking was found to increase the risk of abnormalities as was a history of shipyard employment. Efforts were made to inform the sheet metal workers of the sources and effects of asbestos exposure. (65172)
CIS 95-1739 Mortality among synthetic fiber workers exposed to glycerol polyglycidyl ether. Lanes S.F., Rothman K.J., Soden K.J., Amsel J., Dreyer N.A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, no.5, p.689-696. 5 ref. (In English) A mortality study was carried out among 8878 employees at a synthetic fibres plant that used a finishing agent containing glycerol polyglycidyl ether. No clear carcinogenic effects of glycerol polyglycidyl ether were identified, but plausible induction periods had not yet elapsed. Deaths from lung cancer appeared to be unrelated to exposure. An association for lymphoma and myeloma was based on only seven cases, although risk estimates increased with duration of exposure. Limitations of the study are discussed. (65175)
CIS 95-1740 Postulated interaction between hydroxychloroquine and cholinesterase enzyme activity: A case report. Lessenger J.E., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.5-12. 13 ref. (In English) A case study is presented of a pesticide applicator with depressed cholinesterase levels which returned to normal following removal from organophosphate spraying. When the subject started taking hydroxychloroquine for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, his serum cholinesterase levels were again low. In the absence of any other causes, it is postulated that the hydroxychloroquine was responsible for the depression of serum cholinesterase levels. Physicians should be aware of causes of cholinesterase activity depression other than organophosphate poisoning. (65181)
CIS 95-1741 Respirable aerosol sampler performance testing. Bartley D.L., Chen C.C., Song R., Fischbach T.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55. No.11, p.1036-1046. Illus. 36 ref. (In English) Performance tests for evaluating respirable aerosol sampling methods were developed. The tests entail measurement of the flow-dependent collection efficiency of the aerosol size-discriminating part of the sampler using an aerodynamic particle sizer. The bias relative to an international sampler standard is mapped over aerosol size distributions of intended application. Imprecision from flow effects, filter weighing errors and intersampler variability is either measured or estimated. Two commercially available personal samplers were subjected to the performance tests suggested. (65194)
CIS 95-1742 An alternative method for the analysis of phenol and o-, m-, and p-cresol by capillary GC/FID. Pendergrass S.M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1051-1054. 16 ref. (In English) A method for the sampling and simultaneous analysis of phenol, o-, m-, and p-cresol using XAD-7 as a sorbent for the collection of each analyte is described. Desorption was achieved with methanol followed by analysis of all samples using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Separation of all analytes was achieved on a Stabilwax-DA capillary column. The method provides a number of improvements over currently available methods. (65196)
CIS 95-1743 Laboratory evaluation of a novel reactive passive sampler for the quantitative determination of formaldehyde in air. Dillon H.K., Gao P., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1061-1068. Illus. 14 ref. (In English) A colour-indicating passive dosimeter for formaldehyde, the AirChem Technologies (ACT) Monitoring Card System, was developed and evaluated. Test atmospheres of formaldehyde were generated by the injection of formalin into a heated stream of nitrogen, with subsequent dilution with charcoal-filtered air to produce concentrations in the range 0.1 to 2ppm. The mixed gas stream was introduced into an insulated cylindrical test chamber equipped with a rotating disc sampler holder. The ACT card readings were highly correlated with results obtained with NIOSH Method 3500. Results of accuracy and precision tests are discussed. (65198)
CIS 95-1744 Cadmium in plastic processing fumes from injection moulding. Bonilla J.V., Milbrath R.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1069-1071. Illus. 9 ref. (In English) Laboratory tests were carried out on five thermoplastic resins with cadmium pigment loadings in the range 1.43-1.82%. Air samples were collected during the moulding of each material. Thermal processing of these plastic resins formulated with medium to high levels of cadmium pigments did not generate workplace cadmium concentrations above the level of 2.5µ/m3. The inorganic pigments did not volatilize at the temperatures recommended for processing these resins. Processors should be aware of other potential sources of cadmium in the workplace. (65199)
CIS 95-1745 Evaluation of an infrared open-path spectrometer using an exposure chamber and a calibration cell. Todd L., Ramachandran G., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.151-157. Illus. 10 ref. (In English) This study evaluated the use of a controlled exposure chamber and calibration cell to investigate the performance of open-path remote sensing instruments for workplace monitoring of pollutants. Homogenous and heterogenous gas concentration determinations involving sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) were used to compare the accuracy of infrared open-path spectrometers with that of point-sample concentrations measured by infrared gas analyzers (IR) and by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (ECD). The open-path measurements were within 20% of the point samples measured with ECDs, with a consistent positive bias of about 12%. Certain aspects of remote sensing instrument design were discovered that might have an adverse effect on its use for indoor monitoring: the weight and size of the instrument make it useable only in a fixed position; instrument components are not airtight (resulting in some overestimation of open-path concentrations). (65213)
CIS 95-1746 Toxicological and chemical evaluation of emissions from carpet samples. Tepper J.S., Moser V.C., Costa D.L., Mason M.A., Roache N., Guo Z., Dyer R.S., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.158-170. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) This study investigated findings that the off-gassing of certain carpets caused sensory and pulmonary irritation, changes in neurobehavioural signs and death in exposed mice. Detailed study of three treatment groups of mice, two of them exposed to preheated carpet emissions (from two different carpets) and the third exposed to preheated air samples. No toxic effects were observed in any of the test groups, though detailed chemical and microbial evaluation of the carpets and carpet emissions showed many different potentially harmful chemicals and microbiological flora. Clinical and histopathological changes were observed in all the groups of exposed mice when compared with non-exposed, unrestrained mice, suggesting that the exposure procedure itself caused significant effects unrelated to carpet emissions. Based on this assessment, no health risk can be attributed to the two carpets tested. (65214)
CIS 95-1747 Assessment of the accuracy of material safety data sheets. Kolp P.W., Williams P.L., Burtan R.C., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.178-183. 29 ref. (In English) This study evaluated 150 material safety data sheets (MSDSs) for the accuracy and completeness of five areas of information (chemical identification; health effects; suggested first aid procedures; recommended personal protective equipment (PPE); exposure level regulations and guidelines). The material from each MSDS was reviewed by both an industrial hygienist and an occupational physician, using a rating system and relying on standard secondary reference sources. Only 134 of the MSDSs with identifiable chemical names were fully evaluated. Of these 134 (99 of which, i.e.73%, dealt with mixtures), the following percentages were found for various aspects of accuracy: CAS numbers given (89%), accurate health effects (37%), correct first-aid procedures (76%), correct PPE information (47%), correct exposure limits (47%). Improved information in MSDSs, particularly of health effects, is recommended. (65215)
CIS 95-1748 Importance of an analysis into main components for the assessment of hazards due to the thermal decomposition of materials. (French: Intérêt de l'analyse en composantes principales lors de l'évaluation du risque dû à la décomposition thermique des matériaux) Guerbet M., Jouany J.M., Capron R., Dittmar E., Sécurité - sciences et techniques, Mar. 1994, Vol.2, No.11, p.17-26. Illus. 12 ref. (In French) A large amount of data must be taken into account for the overall assessment of toxicological hazards due to the thermal decomposition of materials in a fire. A simple study of correlations provides good information on the interaction of various factors but a determination of the main components remains undoubtedly the most effective statistical method for risk assessment. (65356)
CIS 95-1749 Methods of disposing of hazardous chemical substances and wastes. Group: Other poisons, I (letters A-F). (Slovak: Spôsoby zneškodňovania nebezpečných chemických látok a odpadov. Skupina: Ostatné jedy, I (písmeno A-F)) Kizlink J., Bezpečná práca, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.26, No.1, p.15-18. (In Slovak) Sequel to an article on the elimination of especially toxic substances (Bezpečná Práca 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.225-228) not yet abstracted. This continuation shows practical ways of rendering harmless 69 other poisons named in Slovak and Czech government decrees in alphabetical order (letters A-F). Summaries in English and German. (65362)
CIS 95-1750 Forty years in the poisonous trades. Hamilton A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.423-431. (In English) Reprint of a classic paper delivered in 1948 by Dr. Alice Hamilton (1869-1970) as the Cummings Memorial Lecture at the Ninth Annual Meeting of the American Industrial Hygiene Association. It surveys the progress of industrial hygiene in the US during the first half of the 20th century as seen through the eyes of one of the pioneers of the discipline. Particular attention is paid to the progress, or lack of thereof, in the fight against workplace poisoning by the most commonly known industrial toxic substances: lead, mercury, carbon monoxide, phosphorus, aluminium, beryllium, cadmium, chrome, benzene, methanol, carbon disulfide, synthetic rubber. Comments on prevention. (65374)
CIS 95-1751 Investigation of the ability of MDHS Method 25 to determine urethane-bound isocyanate groups. Streicher R.P., Arnold J.E., Cooper C.V., Fischbach T.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.437-442. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) Method 25 for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS 25, see CIS 88-955) was developed by the Health and Safety Executive of the United Kingdom for the identification and quantification of all isocyanates in an air sample. This investigation sought to determine if this Method was capable of the identification and quantification of intermediates possessing free isocyanate groups created during polyurethane formation. Model compounds derived from 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) and ethylene glycol were prepared. These urethanes contained two ("dimer") and three ("trimer") TDI units and terminal MOPP-derivatized isocyanate groups. Neither the ultraviolet nor the electrochemical response of the Method is proportional to the number of isocyanate groups present in the model compounds. Therefore MDHS 25 is neither capable of correctly identifying TDI-urethane intermediates possessing MOPP-derivatized isocyanate groups nor is it capable of accurately identifying these isocyanate groups. The proposed way to overcome this problem is to use a derivatizing reagent yielding derivatized isocyanates whose detector responses come more exclusively from the derivatized isocyanate moiety and therefore are more proportional to the number of derivatized isocyanate groups. (65375)
CIS 95-1752 Analytical problems encountered with NIOSH method 5521 for total isocyanates. Key-Schwartz R.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.474-479. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) A recent analysis for total isocyanates in air using NIOSH Method 5521 (adaptation of the British HSE Method MDHS 25, see CIS 88-955) presented two problems in the identification of an oligomeric isocyanate species: 1) a false negative response in the high-performance liquid chromatography chromatogramme was seen in a majority of field samples, and 2) an anomalous peak served to give a false positive in some of the field blanks and in some of the field samples. By supplementing the ratio criterion of Method 5521 using the complete ultraviolet absorption spectrum from a photodiode array (PDA) UV detector, the two peaks were successfully identified. However, this need for additional data to identify an oligomeric isocyanate species raises the question whether the ratio criterion (ratio of the electrochemical detector response to the ultraviolet detector response) of Method 5521 allows the qualitative identification of isocyanate oligomers. (65377)
CIS 95-1753 NATO's efforts to set indoor air quality guidelines and standards. Maroni M., Axelrad R., Bacaloni A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.499-508. 7 ref. (In English) Report on a multinational cooperative programme (200 experts from 15 countries during 1989-1993) conducted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society. The programme examined policy strategies related to indoor air quality (IAQ) and various health conditions related to buildings (building-related symptoms/health complaints (BRC)/illness (BRI), sick building syndrome). The achievement of health and comfort in the indoor environment combined with energy efficiency can be obtained by a proper control of human exposure to indoor air contaminants. Recommendations for this purpose were made by the Committee concerning: building design and internal HVAC pollution; source control; development of guidelines and standards; definitions; health effects by indoor environment to be considered in epidemiological investigations; use of a questionnaire for epidemiological investigations of indoor-related health problems; diagnosis and medical management; ascertainment of IAQ factors possibly responsible for BRI/BRC; medical activities and advice for the treatment and prevention of BRI/BRC; technical measures to eliminate BRI/BRC. (65380)
CIS 95-1754 Sensitization by chromates in leather. (German: Chromatsensibilisierung durch Leder) Stein G., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, May-June 1992, Vol.40, No.3, p.110-112. Illus. 15 ref. (In German) Published epidemiologic studies on children and teenagers wearing ordinary leather shoes and adults wearing safety shoes show a connection between foot eczema and chromates in the shoes. Sensitization by chromates requires the presence of sweat in the shoe. Trivalent chromium is frequently used as a tanning agent. The use of safety shoes made of leather tanned with phytogenic agents is recommended. Summaries in English and French. (65399)
CIS 95-1755 Glutaraldehyde - Occupations connected with an allergen. (German: Glutardialdehyd - Berufsspektrum eines Allergens) Geier J., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, Jan.-Feb. 1995, Vol.43, No.1, p.30-31. 14 ref. (In German) Glutaraldehyde is used as a substitute for formaldehyde. It is added for example to cleaning agents and skin creams as a disinfectant. In patch tests with 1% glutaraldehyde in petroleum jelly applied to 2939 patients between November 1989 and July 1993, allergic reactions were observed in 170 cases. Nurses and assistants in doctor's offices were most frequently affected. The next most affected group was charwomen. Measures are needed to protect the groups most severely affected; otherwise an increase in allergic skin diseases cannot be avoided. The measures should include compliance with the exposure limit of 0.2ppm. (65400)
CIS 95-1756 On the concept of the "normal" day - Quality control of occupational hygiene measurements. Olsen E., Jensen B., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Apr. 1994, Vol.9, No.4, p.245-255. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) Occupational hygiene measurements are often performed on a single day or over a few days. When quantitative exposure data from the same exposure period are lacking, the representativeness of the measurement days must be assessed based on non-quantitative exposure data. This article describes a quantitative method for verifying whether or not the data collected are representative for a longer period than a single day or over a few days. The method consists of a categorical description of the working days by workers keeping logs concerning when, and for how long a time, they perform a set of predefined processes. By assigning a concentration level to each process, the time-weighted average concentration (TWAC) for the shift can be calculated for each day. The underlying assumption of all occupational hygiene measurements that measurement days are normal can be evaluated by comparing the TWACs calculated for the measurement days with the calculated TWACs for a log period of sufficient length. (65445)
CIS 95-1757 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - Environmental impact, biochemical and toxic responses, and implications for risk assessment. Safe S.H., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 1994, Vol.24, No.2, p.87-149. Illus. 602 ref. (In English) This paper offers a comprehensive review of the toxicological properties of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Occupational exposure to relatively high levels of PCBs resulted in a number of adverse responses, which appear to be reversible. Epidemiological surveys of several occupationally exposed groups did not reveal any increased incidence of specific cancers in all studies. Commercial PCB mixtures elicit a broad spectrum of biochemical and toxic responses and most of these effects are similar to those caused by TCDD and other Ah-receptor agonists. The results of most studies suggest that PCBs are not genotoxic but act as tumour promoters in several bioassays. Application of the toxic equivalency factor approach for the risk assessment of PCBs must be used with caution. The results of laboratory animal and wildlife studies suggest that the predictive value of toxic equivalents for PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs may be both species- and response-specific. (65448)
CIS 95-1758 A method for determination of methyl tert-butyl ether in gasoline vapors and liquid gasoline samples. Palassis J., Hartle R.W., Holtz J.L., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Nov. 1993, Vol.8, No.11, p.964-969. Illus. 9 ref. (In English) This article describes the development of a method for determining the presence of methyl tert-butyl ether (MBTE), in a matrix of gasoline vapours and in liquid gasoline samples, with the simultaneous analysis of benzene, toluene, xylenes and total hydrocarbons. An assessment of the method's performance based on field tests at different service stations is also included. The method recommends collection of air samples on 400- and 200-mg coconut-shell charcoal tubes in series, desorption in carbon disulfide, split-vent injection, gas chromatography (GC) analysis using a capillary column and detection by flame ionization detector. The analysis of liquid gasoline samples is accomplished by direct GC injection. The method worked well for all these samples. The majority of personal exposures to MBTE were near the detection limit. MBTE concentrations in gasoline bulk samples varied from non-detectable to 12.4 percent. (65455)
CIS 95-1759 Techniques for estimating the percutaneous absorption of chemicals due to occupational and environmental exposure. Leung H.W., Paustenbach D.J., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Mar. 1994, Vol.9, No.3, p.187-197. 92 ref. (In English) This article reviews the scientific principles involved in determining the percutaneous absorption of chemicals. To assist industrial hygienists in assessing the risks of dermal uptake of chemicals, lists of absorption rates and example calculations including the use of wipe sampling to estimate skin exposure are presented. The available published information suggests: (1) the bioavailability of chemicals in media vary widely; (2) proper wipe sampling should be conducted to estimate the degree of skin contact with contaminated surfaces; (3) the hazards of dermal contact with certain workplace chemicals can produce an appreciable degree of the daily absorbed dose; (4) the contribution to overall uptake from percutaneous absorption of chemical vapours can be significant if the atmospheric concentration of the chemicals is tenfold to one thousandfold higher than the threshold limit value, even when protective clothing and adequate respiratory protection are used. (65457)
CIS 95-1760 Databases on measures to prevent occupational exposure to toxic substances. Swuste P., Hale A., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Jan. 1994, Vol.9, No.1, p.57-61. 15 ref. (In English) This article examines some databanks concerned with providing information on practical experience in the prevention of occupational exposure to health-threatening factors. The selection, storage and retrieval of relevant records are studied along with the effectiveness of existing databanks in transferring information between companies and industries. The databanks provide descriptive and condensed information, including graphic presentations of the solution, and are primarily aimed at a non-specialist audience. The main function of existing databanks is to stimulate creativity among user-groups rather than provide clear-cut solutions to be implemented immediately. Large company databanks seem to meet a demand when incorporated within a broader health and safety company policy. The generalizability of preventive measures is not guaranteed in the present databanks, due to the lack of a classification of solutions and processes that would allow the user to find relevant solutions across industry boundaries. (65459)
CIS 95-1761 Mercury exposure from exterior latex paint. Hefflin B.J., Etzel R.A., Agocs M.M., Stratton J.W., Ikawa G.K., Barsan M.E., Schutte G.R., Paschal D.C., Kozman A.R., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Oct. 1993, Vol.8, No.10, p.866-870. Illus. 14 ref. (In English) An investigation was conducted to determine the extent of mercury exposure from the outdoor application of exterior latex paints. Air and urinary mercury concentrations of 13 professional male painters were compared with those of 29 men having non-painter occupations. The median concentration of mercury for the four paint samples obtained was 570mg/L. The median air mercury concentration was higher for painters than for nonpainters. The median urinary mercury concentration was nearly twice as high for painters as for nonpainters. Among painters, urinary mercury concentrations increased with the percentage of time spent applying exterior paint. These data suggest increased mercury exposure among professional painters who use mercury-containing exterior paint outdoors. (65461)
CIS 95-1762 Mechanisms of chromium carcinogenicity and toxicity. Cohen M.D., Kargacin B., Klein C.B., Costa M., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 1993, Vol.23, No.3, p.255-281. 340 ref. (In English) Chromium is essential to life at low concentrations yet toxic to many systems at higher concentrations. In addition to the overt symptoms of acute chromium toxicity, delayed manifestations of chromium exposure become apparent by subsequent increases in the incidence of various human cancers. Chromium, in its myriad chemical forms and oxidation states, has been well studied in terms of its general chemistry and its interactions with biological molecules. However, the precise mechanisms by which chromium is both an essential metal and a carcinogen are not yet fully clear. This review does not seek to embellish upon the proposed mechanisms of the toxic and carcinogenic actions of chromium, but rather provides a comprehensive review of these theories. The chemical nature of chromium compounds and the impact of these properties on the interactions of chromium with cellular and genetic targets, including animal and human hosts, are discussed. (65463)
CIS 95-1763 Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene: A biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in coal liquefaction workers. Quinlan R., Kowalczyk G., Gardiner K., Hale K., Walton S., Calvert I., Occupational Medicine, Apr. 1995, Vol.45, No.2, p.63-68. Illus. 10 ref. ### (In English) (65471)
CIS 95-1764 Retrospective cohort mortality study of workers with potential exposure to epichlorohydrin and allyl chloride. Olsen G.W., Lacy S.E., Chamberlin S.R., Albert D.L., Arceneaux T.G., Bullard L.F., Stafford B.A., Boswell J.M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1994, Vol.25, No.2, p.205-218. 34 ref. (In English) Mortality experience was examined among 1064 workers involved in the production or use of epichlorohydrin and allyl chloride between 1957 and 1986. A follow-up study in 1989 showed no increase in mortality due to all malignant neoplasms, lung cancer, circulatory system disease or arteriosclerotic heart disease. Results are not consistent with an earlier hypothesis that epichlorohydrin exposure is associated with lung cancer and, in conjunction with allyl chloride exposure, to heart disease mortality. Limitations of the study are discussed. (65132)
CIS 95-1765 Toxic health effects including reversible macrothrombocytosis in workers exposed to asphalt fumes. Chase R.M., Liss G.M., Cole D.C., Heath B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1994, Vol.25, No.2, p.279-289. 14 ref. (In English) An investigation was carried out into an outbreak of irritative and neurotoxic symptoms associated with exposure to asphalt fumes in a commercial lighting factory. Clinical assessment of 27 female workers indicated that the mean platelet volume (MPV) was higher and the mean platelet count was lower than in a laboratory reference group. Follow-up assessments after modification of the factory's ventilation system showed a decline in acute symptoms and a lowering of MPV towards normal. The findings suggest that reversible macrothrombocytosis (enlarged platelets) can occur among symptomatic workers exposed to asphalt fumes. (65135)
CIS 95-1766 Review of epidemiologic studies of paternal occupational exposure and spontaneous abortion. Savitz D.A., Sonnenfeld N.L., Olshan A.F., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1994, Vol.25, No.3, p.361-383. 80 ref. (In English) Thirty-nine studies of male occupational exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion were examined. Occupational agents studied include heavy metals, rubber, plastics, solvents, anaesthetic gases, pesticides, radiation, hydrocarbons and exhaust emissions. Exposure to mercury has been implicated most strongly in spontaneous abortion and a number of studies show associations for exposure to anaesthetic gases. Suggestive associations have also been found inconsistently for exposure to lead, rubber manufacturing, selected solvents and some pesticides. Methodological issues are discussed. (65136)
CIS 95-1767 Lung cancer mortality and airways obstruction among metal miners exposed to silica and low levels of radon daughters. Carta P., Cocco P., Picchiri G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1994, Vol.25, No.4, p.489-506. 92 ref. (In English) A study of miners in two Sardinian metal mines showed an increased mortality for nonmalignant chronic respiratory diseases in both mines. Among underground miners from mine A (low silica and high radon levels), there was a slight excess of lung cancer mortality which increased with duration of underground employment; highest lung cancer mortality was observed in underground miners with an obstructive ventilatory impairment. Deaths from lung cancer in mine B (higher silica and lower radon levels) were less than expected. Results suggest a slight association between lung cancer mortality and exposure to radon daughters. Impaired pulmonary function may be an independent predictor of lung cancer and an important risk factor. (65138)
CIS 95-1768 Atrial fibrillation and sudden death related to occupational solvent exposure. Kaufman J.D., Silverstein M.A., Moure-Eraso R., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.731-735. 15 ref. (In English) Two cases of atrial fibrillation and one case of sudden death are described in workers exposed to trifluorotrichloroethane used as a solvent/degreasing agent. This agent and related halogenated hydrocarbons have been previously linked to ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac sudden death when inhaled in excessive concentrations. These reports suggest that occupational overexposure to a fluorocarbon may cause atrial fibrillation. (65176)
CIS 95-1769 Lung cancer among tin miners in Southeast China: Silica exposure, silicosis and cigarette smoking. Fu H., Gu X., Jin X., Yu S., Wu K., Guidotti T.L., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1994, Vol.26, No.3, p.373-381. 18 ref. (In English) Incidence of lung cancer was studied among miners in Dachang tin mine (China), known to have relatively high levels of suspended dust (silica and other potential carcinogens) and low radon levels. Among the risk factors for excess mortality from lung cancer, only the years spent drilling underground and the cumulative smoking index (product of daily cigarette consumption and number of years smoking) were independent contributors to risk; no interaction between the two was observed. The presence of silicosis did not contribute to predicting the risk independently of the years spent underground. (65179)
CIS 95-1770 Cohort study among workers exposed to benzene in China: I. General methods and resources. II. Exposure assessment. Yin S.N., et al., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Sep. 1994, Vol.26, No.3, p.383-411. Illus. 58 ref. (In English) The first of these two papers (M. Yin et al) describes the methods and resources used in a 16-year follow-up of 74,828 benzene-exposed and 35,805 unexposed workers employed for any length of time during 1972-1987 in 712 factories in 12 cities in China. The strengths and limitations of the study are discussed. The second paper describes a retrospective exposure assessment method used to quantify historical exposure to benzene among workers in 672 factories and 12 cities in China. Estimated exposure levels are presented by industries and occupations. The highest average exposures during 1949-1987 were observed for the rubber and plastics industry and for rubber glue applicators. (65180)
CIS 95-1771 Occupational allergy to propacetamol. Barbaud A., Trechot P., Bertrand O., Schmutz J.L., Lancet, 30 Sep. 1995, Vol.346, No.8979, p.902. 2 ref. (In English) A brief report is presented of three cases of occupational contact dermatitis in nurses who prepared injections of Pro-Dafalgan (propacetamol dissolved in sodium citrate) and who did not have allergy to paracetamol. Patch tests showed strongly positive reactions. Health care workers are advised to wear gloves when handling propacetamol. (65301)
CIS 95-1772 Intervention studies against "Green Symptoms" among Indian tobacco harvesters. Ghosh S.K., Gokani V.N., Doctor P.B., Parikh J.R., Kashyap S.K., Archives of Environmental Health, Sep.-Oct. 1991, Vol.46, No.5, p.316-317. 7 ref. (In English) The occurrence of "green symptoms" (nausea, vomiting, dizziness, prostration and weakness) and urinary excretion of nicotine and cotinine were examined among tobacco farmers on small farms in India. When gloves were worn during harvesting, most subjects reported a reduction in symptoms and urinary excretion rates of nicotine and cotinine were lower. When gloves, socks and boots were worn, excretion rates were significantly decreased and no symptoms were reported. The added protection offered by the socks and boots reduced the absorption of nicotine through the feet. (65302)
CIS 95-1773 A rash and chemical burns in a cowboy exposed to permethrin. Lessenger J.E., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.3, p.25-28. 7 ref. (In English) A case report is presented of a cowboy suffering from eczema and chemical burns on his arm and shoulder following misuse of a fly spray containing the pesticide permethrin. The patient used an underdiluted formulation and wore a long sleeve shirt which became soaked during the spraying. The case highlights the need to ascertain the history of a patient presenting with a rash and to ask about chemical exposure. (65313)
CIS 95-1774 On the life-span of the patients with pneumoconiosis at a mine. (Japanese: Bō kōzan ni okeru jinpai chōki ryōyōsha no raifu supan ni tsuite) Kaburaki K., Nagumo M., Annual Reports of the Medical Research Society for Mining and Smelting, 1 Nov. 1993, No.32, p.23-28. Illus. 3 ref. (In Japanese) Data on 109 patients who had level-4 pneumoconiosis according to the Japanese grading scheme and who died between 1948 and 1993 were analyzed. All had undergone long-term treatment. The mean age at death increased from 48.0±3.8 years in the 1940s to 75.2±5.7 years in the 1990s. The mean age at which the patients were diagnosed as requiring medical treatment also increased, from 46.7±3.9 to 58.3±10.1 years. The same tendency is found among those with other levels of pneumoconiosis. The later onset and increased life expectancy in more recent years are probably due to (1) reduced dust exposure thanks to improvements in the work environment and (2) improvements in occupational health management and the workers' compensation system. (65364)
CIS 95-1775 Biological monitoring IX - Concomitant exposure to medications and industrial chemicals. Rosenberg J., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, May 1994, Vol.9, No.5, p.341-345. 18 ref. (In English) Discussion on how the use by workers of prescription or non-prescription medications may interfere with the results of biological monitoring tests for exposure to industrial chemicals. Examples are given of drugs which have similar products or metabolites as industrial chemicals. The effects of drugs on pulmonary uptake, blood flow, cardiac output, elimination, metabolism, enzyme inhibition or induction and receptor sensitivity are covered. (65444)
CIS 95-1776 Hemorrhagic rhinitis - An immunologic disease due to hexahydrophthalic anhydride. Grammer L.C., Shaughnessy M.A., Lowenthal M., Chest, Dec. 1993, Vol.104, No.6, p.1792-1794. 8 ref. (In English) This is a descriptive study of six men who had been occupationally exposed to heated epoxy resin containing hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) and subsequently developed rhinitis, nasal mucosal erosions and significant epistaxis; three also had asthma. When they were removed from exposure to HHPA, the rhinitis symptoms, nasal erosions and epistaxis resolved spontaneously. All six had high titres of IgG and IgE against hexahydrophthalyl-human serum albumin (HHP-HSA) as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Other asymptomatic workers with similar HHPA exposure had very low or negative titres of IgG and IgE against HHP-HSA. These results are very suggestive of an immunological mechanism being responsible for the rhinitis, nasal mucosal erosions and epistaxis that occurred in the six described HHPA workers. (65454)
CIS 95-1777 A selection of papers from INDOOR AIR '90 concerning health effects associated with indoor air contaminants. Lebowitz M.D., Walkinshaw D.S., eds., Archives of Environmental Health, Jan.-Feb. 1992, Vol.47, No.1, p.6-91. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) Selected papers are presented from the Fifth International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate held in Toronto, Canada, 29 July - 3 August 1990. Papers include: study of the effect of air humidification on symptoms and perception of indoor air quality in office workers; sick building syndrome in a new air-conditioned building; studies of the effects on humans of exposure to a volatile organic mixture; sensitivity of the eyes to airborne irritants; effects of particulate matter exposure and medication use on asthmatics; multipollutant exposures and health responses to particulate matter; the health significance of environmental odour pollution. (65303)
CIS 95-1778 Estimation of pesticide exposure to greenhouse applications using video imaging and other assessment techniques. Archibald B.A., Solomon K.R., Stephenson G.R., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Mar. 1995, Vol.56, No.3, p.226-235. Illus. 29 ref. (In English) Pesticide exposure in greenhouse applicators was measured using the video imaging technique to assess exposure (VITAE) along with dermal patches, air monitoring and biological assessment techniques. The exposure of 5 male workers to pesticides during high- and low-volume application methods was studied. The highest level of dermal tracer deposition occurred when there was failure to use precautionary handling methods during low-volume applications. In general, there was non-uniform deposition of tracer/pesticide mixtures on various body regions, which goes against the assumption of uniform deposition when assessing exposure with the dermal patch technique. Estimates of exposure to a pesticide (pirimicarb) using the VITAE method had a high correlation with the excretion of urinary metabolites. The immediate visual results obtained by the VITAE system were a powerful educational tool for persuading workers to adopt precautionary application techniques. The need to employ protective operating procedures was demonstrated, no matter how short the exposure period. (65217)
CIS 95-1779 Asbestos-induced pleural diseases among miners. (German: Asbestbedingte Pleura-Erkrankungen auch bei Bergleuten) Müller K.M., Weigt-Weber B., Fischer M., Marmulla W., Kompass, Aug. 1992. Vol.102, No.8, p.373-375. Illus. 6 ref. (In German) Over the past five years the number of cases of pleural mesothelioma has been increasing among miners and coking plant workers in the Ruhr area (Germany). Of 89 cases, 17 are under investigation. For 33 cases, exposure to asbestos dust during work could be confirmed. Brake linings of hauling equipment, coke oven insulation and welding operations in the mines were identified as sources of asbestos exposure. (65394)
CIS 95-1780 Assessment of exposure to arsenic among smelter workers: A five-year follow-up. Lagerkvist B.J., Zetterlund B., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Apr. 1994, Vol.25, No.4, p.477-488. 38 ref. (In English) Studies of copper smelter workers exposed to arsenic dust for 13-45 years were carried out in 1982 and 1987. In both studies, peripheral nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) were significantly lower than in a matching reference group; there was a significant negative correlation between estimated total absorption of arsenic and NCVs in peripheral nerves. The differences in NCVs between the groups had increased during the follow-up period, although exposure to arsenic was lower. The data indicate that the adverse effects of arsenic on the peripheral nerves is dependent on long-term exposure rather than on short-term fluctuations in exposure levels. (65137)
CIS 95-1781 A study of respirable versus nonrespirable copper and zinc oxide exposures at a nonferrous foundry. Cohen H.J., Powers B.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1047-1050. 27 ref. (In English) Personal air samples were collected from workers involved in the casting of a 70% copper and 30% zinc alloy. Samples were taken using 10mm nylon cyclones to categorize aerosols into respirable and nonrespirable fractions. Most of the copper (94%) and zinc oxide (65%) particulate matter collected was nonrespirable. On the whole, a larger proportion of samples of total particulate matter exceeded the OSHA PEL for these substances as fumes than did samples of respirable fractions. It is recommended that air monitoring should include particle size differentiation when comparing results to health standards for fumes or respirable dusts. (65195)
CIS 95-1782 Method for the assessment and control of chemical risks in industry. (French: Méthode d'évaluation et de lutte contre le risque chimique dans l'industrie) Murat T., Préventique-Sécurité, May-June 1995, No.21, p.8-17. Illus. (Supplément Sciences et Techniques). (In French) This method is designed to detect chemical risks based on an exhaustive survey of substances and preparations present in a given firm. The survey is carried out workstation by workstation, unit by unit, workshop by workshop. One of the objectives of the method is to provide trend indicators allowing the comparison of workshops and firms among themselves on a common basis which is reliable and repeatable. These indicators can be used for drawing up performance tables for the operational units. (65128)
CIS 95-1783 Occupational health findings of workers exposed to organic solvents in small-sized painting enterprises. (Japanese: Shōkibo tosō jigyōsho ni okeru yūki yōzai toriatsukai sagyōsha no bakuro to kenkō no jittai to sono mondai ten) Hanaoka T., Fukabori S., Nakaaki K., Journal of Science of Labour - Rōdō Kagaku, 10 Oct. 1994, Vol.70, No.10, p.463-473. Illus. 11 ref. (In Japanese) In 41 small painting establishments in downtown Tokyo, airborne toluene levels were measured and 205 workers underwent medical examinations. (Mixed organic solvents were used at all the sites, but the major component was toluene.) Toluene concentrations in air ranged between 1 and 27ppm, while urinary hippuric acid levels were 0.04-3.44g/L (average 0.67±0.58g/L). No abnormalities attributable to solvent exposure were seen in the results of blood and urine analysis, but dermatological effects were evident: 76% of the workers had defatted skin and 17% had hardened horny layers. Some 87% of the workers used solvents to clean paint from their hands; greater use of solvents for hand cleaning was correlated with more severe dermatological effects. The habit was more common among workers less than 30 years old and in establishments with four or fewer workers. (65365)
CIS 95-1784 Tar-induced precancerous growths and malignant tumours of the skin among employees of a tar refinery. (German: Teer-induzierte Präkanzerosen und Malignome der Haut bei Beschäftigten einer Teer-Raffinerie) Letzel S., Drexler H., Lehnert G., Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt, May-June 1992, Vol.40, No.3, p.94-101. Illus. 25 ref. (In German) The frequency and type of precancerous and malignant skin tumours among 568 male employees of a German coal-tar refinery were determined. All persons participating in the study were recipients of compensation payments for occupational dermatoses. There were 28 cases of precancerous Bowen's disease, 152 cases of skin carcinoma and 77 cases of basal-cell epithelioma. The skin carcinoma incidence was about twice that of the general population; the incidence of basal-cell epithelioma was no higher. The locations and latency periods of the skin tumours are discussed. Summaries in English and French. (65398)
CIS 95-1785 Health effects of gasoline exposure - I. Exposure assessment for US distribution workers; II. Mortality patterns of distribution workers in the United States. Smith T.J., Hammond S.K., Wong O., Harris F., Environmental Health Perspectives, 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.6, p.13-21, 63-76. Illus. 43 ref. (In English) Personal exposures were estimated for a large cohort of US gasoline distribution workers. A worker's vapour exposure was extrapolated from three sets of factors: the tasks in the job associated with vapour sources, the characteristics of vapour sources (equipment and other facilities) at the work site, and the composition of petroleum products producing vapours. Vapour exposures were highest during tank filling in trucks and marine vessels. Measured average annual, full-shift exposures during 1975-1985 ranged from 9-14ppm of total hydrocarbon vapour for truck drivers and 2-35ppm for marine workers on inland waterways. Extrapolated past average exposures in truck operations were highest for truck drivers before 1965 (range 140-220ppm). Other jobs in truck operations resulted in much lower exposures. Well-defined exposure gradients were found across jobs within time periods, but there was no increased mortality (overall or from specific causes) associated with gasoline exposure. (65467)
CIS 95-1786 Review of the carcinogenic potential of gasoline. Raabe G.K., Environmental Health Perspectives, Dec. 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.6, p.35-38. Illus. 9 ref. (In English) This review examines the animal, human, and mechanistic studies that precede the studies presented at the International Symposium on the Health Effects of Gasoline (Florida, 1991). Wholly vaporized unleaded gasoline was found to produce a dose-dependent increase in renal carcinoma in male rats and an excess of hepatocellular tumours in female mice in the high-dose group. Mechanistic studies suggest that gasoline is not mutagenic and that the probable mechanism for the male rat renal tumours involves a rat-specific protein, α2u-globulin, which binds with highly branched aliphatic compounds. Evidence generated predominantly from studies of refinery workers does not support a kidney or liver cancer risk in humans. The current epidemiologic database is inadequate to assess leukaemia risk from low-level benzene exposure from gasoline. Studies of gasoline-exposed workers that incorporate quantitative exposure information are needed. (65468)
CIS 95-1787 Kidney cancer and hydrocarbon exposures among petroleum refinery workers. Poole C., Dreyer N.A., Satterfield M.H., Levin L., Rothman K.J., Environmental Health Perspectives, Dec. 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.6, p.53-62. 53 ref. (In English) A review of 18,323 death certificates of male refinery workers identified 102 kidney cancer cases, to each of whom four controls were matched by refinery location and decade of birth. Work histories were found containing an average of 15.7 job assignments per subject. To each job, semiquantitative ratings were assigned for the intensity and frequency of exposures to three hydrocarbon categories: non-aromatic liquid gasoline distillates, aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile hydrocarbons. Each exposure had either no association or a weak association with kidney cancer. For the non-aromatic liquid gasoline distillates the estimated relative risk (RR) for any exposure above refinery background was 1.0. In an analysis of the longest job held by each subject, three groups appeared to be at increased risk: labourers (RR = 1.9), workers in receipt, storage, and movements (RR = 2.5), and unit cleaners (RR = 2.3). (65469)
CIS 95-1788 VOC emission rates and emission factors for a sheetfed offset printing shop. Wadden R.A., Scheff P.A., Franke J.E., Conroy L.M., Javor M., Keil C.B., Milz S.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Apr. 1995, Vol.56, No.4, p.368-376. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Emission rates of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) were determined during the production phase in a sheetfed offset printing shop. The determination made use of measured concentration data (gas chromatography), ventilation rate information and mass balance models that characterize printing space. The average VOC emission rate was 470g/hr (range 160-1100g/hr). These values were in good agreement with the amounts of VOC, hexane, toluene and aromatic hydrocarbons determined from estimated solvent usage and measured solvent compositions. Comparison of the emission rates with source activities indicated an emission factor of 30-50g VOC/press cleaning. Based on the test observations it was estimated that this typical small printing facility was likely to release 1-2t VOC/year. Because this methodology does not require the use of temporary local enclosure and does not interfere with worker activities, it might be usefully applied in other industries with extensive solvent use, such as the surface coating industry. (65372)
CIS 95-1789 Safety first - Protection of workers examining contaminated sites. (German: Sicherheit hat Priorität - Arbeitsschutz bei der Erkundung kontaminierter Standorte) Richter-Politz I., Entsorgungs-Technik, Mar.-Apr. 1995, Vol.7, No.2, p.38-41. Illus. 1 ref. (In German) On the premises and in the vicinity of a chemical plant in Germany the mercury concentrations in ambient air, precipitation, soil and groundwater were measured. In addition, they were determined in the atmosphere inside the plant and on the equipment. The measurements became necessary because the 50-year-old chemical plant had been scheduled to be shut down. Mercury-contaminated sites needed to be cleaned up, for which the extent of the contamination had to be determined. The measurement methods are described. For taking these measurements and for the ensuing cleanup and demolition work personnel were supplied with a disposable overall, protective helmet, rubber boots, protective gloves and an air-purifying respirator when the mercury content in the air was higher than 25µg/m3. (65396)
CIS 95-1790 Cohort mortality study of rock salt workers in Italy. Tarchi M., Orsi D., Comba P., De Santis M., Pirastu R., Battista G., Valiani M., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1994, Vol.25, No.2, p.251-256. 14 ref. (In English) In a mortality study of 487 rock salt workers in Volterra, Italy, two cases of pleural mesothelioma and two malignant brain tumours were detected. Among males, mortality for all cancers was significantly increased; observed mortality for malignant tumours of the digestive and respiratory systems was higher than expected. In women, two cases of malignant ovarian cancer were observed. Increased mortality from lung and pleural tumours was consistent with exposure to asbestos, which has also been shown to play a role in the development of ovarian tumours. Limitations of the study are discussed. (65134)
CIS 95-1791 Reanalysis of a longitudinal study of pulmonary function in coal miners in Lorraine, France. Dimich-Ward H., Bates D.V., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 1994, Vol.25, No.5, p.613-623. Illus. 25 ref. (In English) Data from a 1985 study of pulmonary function in coal miners from the Lorraine region of France were re-analyzed. The miners had relatively high average rates of decline in forced expiratory volume during one second (FEV1) and in forced vital capacity (FVC). These rates were greater in workers who had died during the study period and smoking affected the rapidity of decline. Similar estimates of decline resulted irrespective of the statistical method used. Retired workers who had never smoked showed a decreasing rate of decline in FEV1, while smokers showed an increasing rate of decline after retirement. (65140)
CIS 95-1792 Absence of symptoms in silver refiners with raised blood silver levels. Williams N., Gardner I., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.205-208. Illus. 11 ref. (In English) Case reports are presented of two silver refinery workers with blood silver levels of 49µg/L and 74µg/L. The workers were asymptomatic and showed no signs of argyric neuropathy which has previously been associated with blood silver levels as low as 10µg/L. One of the men showed non-characteristic clinical signs of argyrosis. The clinical findings, results of environmental monitoring and effects of environmental improvements on blood silver levels are discussed. (65228)
CIS 95-1793 Protecting personnel at hazardous waste sites. Martin W.F., Levine S.P., eds., Butterworth Heinnemann, Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 2nd ed., 1994. xviii, 570p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 60.00., ISBN 0-7506-9457-2 (In English) Contents of this manual: overview of current issues and regulatory requirements; federal government programmes and information gathering; health and safety programmes for hazardous waste workers; toxicology overview; air monitoring at hazardous waste sites; compatibility testing; medical surveillance for hazardous waste workers; site layout and engineered controls; personal protective equipment; heat stress in industrial protective encapsulating garments; decontamination; training; contingency plans; radiation safety; ordnance, explosive waste and unexploded ordnance; site health and safety plans. (See CIS 86-2000 for first edition). (65146)
CIS 95-1794 A review of the manufacture, uses, incidents and hazard models for hydrogen fluoride. Lines I.G., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. vi, 157p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 0-7176-0983-9 (In English) The nature and scale of the manufacture and use of hydrogen fluoride (HF) within the European Union are reviewed and incidents involving HF worldwide are identified. Techniques for modelling the release, thermodynamics, dispersion and mitigation of accidental HF releases are summarized. The report shows that there are major hazards associated with the manufacture, storage, transport and use of HF in industry. There are currently considerable uncertainties in modelling the dispersion of HF in high humidity conditions typical of North West Europe which may have important implications for land-use planning and future decision making concerning HF installations. (65245)
CIS 95-1795 Nitrobenzene. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1994. xiv, 100p. 248 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0614-6 (In English) Translation of a report finalized in Jan. 1991. No epidemiological data are available on the effects of nitrobenzene in humans. Acute intoxication has been reported following exposure to solutions containing nitrobenzene; intake in conjunction with alcohol appears to promote absorption. Both acute and chronic exposure cause methaemoglobin formation which results in haemolytic anaemia, icterus, hypoxic damage to internal organs and disorders of the central nervous system. The substance may be absorbed through the skin. (65251)
CIS 95-1796 Urea. Isobutylidene diurea. Potassium amylxanthate. Potassium isobutylxanthate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. ix, 122p. 82 + 9 + 28 + 18 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0646-4 (In English) Translation of reports finalized in Oct.-Dec. 1991. Toxicological data provide no indication of a hazard potential associated with exposure to urea or isobutylidene diurea; irritation dermatitis and conjunctivitis have been reported following occupational exposure to urea. On the basis of acute toxicity data in animals, potassium amylxanthate and potassium isobutylxanthate are classified as harmful; direct contact with the skin causes burns. These latter two substances are no longer produced or used in Germany. (65252)
CIS 95-1797 Phenylenediamines (1,2-diaminobenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene, 1,4-diaminobenzene). Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxi, 259p. approx. 500 ref. Price: DEM 102.00., ISBN 3-7776-0647-2 (In English) Translation of a document finalized in June 1992. Little information is available on the effect of o- and m-phenylenediamine in man. Acute oral intoxication with p-phenylenediamine causes local irritation, depletion of erythrocytes and skeletal muscle cells with acute renal failure, or oedema of the head and neck with dyspnoea; it is also a common allergen. There are reports of acute intoxication with hair dyes containing p-phenylenediamine; effects include allergic reactions, damage to the liver, kidney and nervous system and changes in the eye lens. There is no clear evidence for a carcinogenic effect of hair dyes. (65253)
CIS 95-1798 OH radicals in the troposphere. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xxi, 154p. Illus. 273 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0648-0 (In English) Translation of a document finalized in Apr. 1992. It presents an overview of present knowledge on the concentrations of hydroxyl (OH) radicals and methods for their determination in the troposphere. Contents: photochemistry of the troposphere and the occurrence of OH reactions; determination of OH rate constants and the generation of OH radicals under laboratory conditions; methods for the measurement of OH concentrations in the troposphere; calculation of OH concentrations by computer models; known factors influencing OH concentrations. (65254)
CIS 95-1799 Acrylamide. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xvii, 150p. approx. 330 ref. Price: DEM 88.00., ISBN 3-7776-0649-9 (In English) Translation of a document finalized in Aug. 1992. Irritation of the skin and mucous membranes has been observed in humans following contact with acrylamide. Repeated exposure has been reported to cause neurotoxic effects in the form of ataxia, tremor, reflex disturbances and peripheral neuropathy; in most cases, the effects were reversible. Acrylamide produces carcinogenic effects in laboratory animals. (65255)
CIS 95-1800 Methallyl chloride. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xv, 43p. 43 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0650-2 (In English) Translation of a document finalized in Apr. 1993. No data are available on the effects of methallyl chloride in humans. On the basis of animal studies, the substance is classified in Germany as having suspected carcinogenic potential. (65256)
CIS 95-1801 Vinyl acetate. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1994. xi, 89p. 118 ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0626-X (In English) Translation of a document finalized in Apr. 1993. There are reports of irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory system following occupational contact with vinyl acetate. Chromosome aberrations have been reported in workers at a polyvinyl acetate plant, although an evaluation of this study is not possible. In a study of some 4,000 workers exposed to 19 different chemicals including vinyl acetate there was a significant excess of malignant neoplasms. (65257)
CIS 95-1802 Processing of measurement data on the environmental occurrence of industrial chemicals. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. 116p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 72.00., ISBN 3-7776-0627-8 (In English) This translation of a document finalized in Feb. 1993 is a survey of environmental agencies and other institutions in Germany which was carried out to investigate measurement data on the environmental occurrence of a priority list of industrial chemicals. Detailed results are presented for benzene, nitrilotriacetic acid and chloroform. (65258)
CIS 95-1803 2,2'-Dithio-bis-benzothiazole. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh) Advisory Committee on Existing Chemicals of Environmental Relevance (BUA), S. Hirzel Verlag, P.O. Box 10 10 61, 70009 Stuttgart, Germany, 1995. xv, 66p. Illus. 139 ref. Price: DEM 48.00., ISBN 3-7776-0651-0 (In English) Translation of a document finalized in Oct. 1993. The only human health effects reported for 2,2'-dithio-bis-benzothiazole (dibenzothiazolyl disulfide) are positive reactions to patch tests among eczema patients. (65259)
CIS 95-1804 Kerosines/jet fuels. CONCAWE, Madouplein 1, 1030 Bruxelles, Belgium, Apr. 1995. v, 47p. 116 ref. (In English) Under normal industrial conditions of storage, handling and use, kerosines do not present a risk to health provided excessive skin contact is avoided. Prolonged exposure to increasing vapour concentrations (eg in confined spaces and at elevated temperatures) may cause narcotic effects. Spray application of products containing kerosine may cause irritation of the upper respiratory tract. Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause irritation, erythema and possibly dermatitis. Guidance is given on precautions for handling, emergency treatment and fire and explosion hazards. (65309)
CIS 95-1805 Gardner's chemical synonyms and trade names. Ash M., Ash I., eds., Gower Publishing Company, Gower House, Croft Road, Aldershot, Hampshire GU11 3HR, United Kingdom, 10th ed., 5 Apr. 1994. xvi, 1293p. Indexes. Price: GBP 125.00., ISBN 0-566-07491-5 (In English) Alphabetical listing of over 40,000 names; 18,000 are new to this edition. Subjects covered include: industrial chemicals, polymers, plastics, resins, elastomers and their additives; coatings and paints; adhesives; inks, pigments and dyes; textiles; surfactants; alloys; fillers and fibres; pharmaceuticals; agricultural chemicals; food additives; cosmetic additives. A directory of 2900 manufacturers is included, as are indexes by Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number and EINECS (European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances) Number. (65339)
CIS 95-1806 Pyrolysis products. (German: Pyrolyse-Produkte) Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Alte Heerstrasse 111, Postfach 2052, 53757 Sankt Augustin 2, Germany, May 1994. 111p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-88383-344-4 (In German) Proceedings of a seminar held in Sankt Augustin, Germany, on 15 June 1993 on pyrolysis products. Main papers presented: thermolytic and pyrolysis reactions of substances; specific problems associated with the measurement and assessment of pyrolysis products; overview and concrete examples of engineering controls; dioxin exposure during work performed after a fire; occupational exposure to PCDD/PCDF in waste burning plants; pyrolysis products during heat cutting of textiles; PAH formation during various processes; pyrolysis of polymeric hardeners. (65355)
CIS 95-1807 Allergens - Chemical, clinical and experimental data (list of allergens). (German: Kontaktallergene - Chemische, klinische und experimentelle Daten (Allergen-Liste)) Klaschka F., Vossmann D., Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co., Berlin, Germany, 1994. 392p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-503-03631-8 (In German) This list of allergens described in the scientific literature provides information on animal and human experiments that have been conducted in each case, the concentrations which were used and the frequency and kind of reactions triggered by each concentration applied. CAS numbers and chemical structures are presented for all substances. An extensive bibliography, classified by substance, is appended. (65360)
CIS 95-1808 Risk assessment of chemicals: An introduction. van Leeuwen C.J., Hermens J. L. M., eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 17, 3300 Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1995. xviii, 374p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 0-7923-3740-9 (In English) This book is intended to support capacity-building in developing countries and countries in transition, to support use of the Netherlands' Uniform System for the Evaluation of Substances and to provide material for students in environmental sciences. Major headings: general introduction; emissions of chemicals; transport, accumulation and transformation processes; exposure modelling; toxicity testing and human health; ecotoxicological effects; properties of chemicals and estimation methodologies; procedures of hazard and risk assessment. A glossary is included. (65369)
CIS 95-1809 Analysis of dangerous substances. (German: Gefahrstoff-Analytik) Leichnitz K., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 3, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 34. Ergänzungslieferung, Aug. 1995. 280p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-609-73294-6 (In German) Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 95-1442. It includes: descriptions of European Standards DIN EN 689 on determination of exposure and DIN EN 482 on the performance of methods for determining concentrations in air; definitions of "to be exposed" (ausgesetzt sein) and "action level" (Auslöseschwelle); updated lists of exposure levels (TRK, MAK, BAT) and of recognized carcinogens; new or updated Technical Rules for Dangerous Substances (TRGS) 300 (safety techniques), 513 and 522 (fumigation with ethylene oxide and/or formaldehyde), 519 (demolition, cleanup or maintenance involving asbestos) and 520 (hazardous waste dumps). (65370)
CIS 95-1810 List of dangerous substances - Limit values, classification, labelling and technical rules. (German: Gefahrstoffliste 1995 - Grenzwerte, Einstufungen, Kennzeichnungen, Vorschriften) Pflaumbaum W., Blome H., Kleine H., Stamm R., Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften (HVBG), Alte Heerstrasse 111, 53754 Sankt Augustin, Germany, Apr. 1995. 613p. Illus., ISBN 3-88383-363-0 (In German) List of over a thousand harmful and dangerous substances with the following information when available: name, CAS and EINECS numbers, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, anti-fertility effects, risk and safety phrases for labelling, (for preparations, 2 columns indicate maximum percentages), classification and labelling; exposure limits (MAK, TRG, recommended, temporary EC values, sensitizing properties); measurement methods, BEI (biological Exposure Index); medical surveillance by occupational physicians; directives and technical rules (VBG and TRG). Appendices: biological exposure limits, exposure equivalents for carcinogenic substances. List of over a hundred carcinogens and substances with genotoxic or anti-fertility effects. Update of document abstracted under CIS 93-1985. (65391)
CIS 95-1811 Occupational neurotoxicity: Criteria document for evaluation of existing data. Johnsen H., Lund S.P., Matikainen E., Midtgård U., Simonsen L., Wennberg A., Nordic Council of Ministers, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 2nd. ed., Oct. 1992. 52p. Illus. 60 ref., ISBN 87-7534-388-6 (In English) Report of a working group on criteria for the evaluation and classification of neurotoxic chemicals. A chemical is considered to be neurotoxic if it is capable of inducing a consistent pattern of neural dysfunction or lesion in the nervous system. Criteria were developed for deciding if published evidence for a specific chemical fit this definition. The approach follows that used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer for evaluating data on carcinogenicity. The criteria were tested by evaluating selected research papers on manganese, aluminium, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, dichlorvos, trichloroethylene, formaldehyde, triorthocresyl phosphate, n-hexane and vinyl chloride. Formaldehyde was not classifiable. Cyclohexanone, dichlorvos, tetrahydrofuran and vinyl chloride were classified as possibly neurotoxic and the others as definitely neurotoxic. (65367)
CIS 95-1812 Occupational neurotoxicity: Evaluation of neurotoxicity data for selected chemicals. Simonsen L., Midtgård U., Lund S.P., Hass U., Nordic Council of Ministers, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 København Ø, Denmark, 1995. 119p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 87-7534-455-6 (In English) Previously determined criteria for evaluating published data on the neurotoxicity of chemicals (see CIS 95-000) were applied to the literature on 79 common industrial chemicals. Data were too sparse to permit classification of 28. Of the rest, eight were classified as probably and 16 as possibly neurotoxic, and the following 27 as definitely neurotoxic: acrylamide, acrylonitrile, aluminium, arsenic, sodium azide, borax, boric acid, carbon monoxide, carbon disulfide, potassium cyanide, ethanol, ethylene oxide, hexachlorophene, manganese, mercury, methanol, methyl bromide, methyl butyl ketone (2-hexanone), methyl chloride, methyl methacrylate, n-hexane, nitrous oxide, styrene, thallium, toluene, trichloroethylene, triorthocresyl phosphate. (65368)
CIS 95-1813 A glossary of pesticide toxicology and related terms. Cutkomp L.K., Eesa N., eds., Thomson Publications, P.O. Box 9335, Fresno, CA 93791, USA, 1994. 74p. 53 ref., ISBN 0-913702-28-5 (In English) This glossary lists over 700 terms related to pesticide toxicology along with their definitions. Appendices include a chronology of significant events in the development of insecticides and other measures for pest control, a list of acronyms and abbreviations and examples of pesticide labels. (65238)
CIS 95-1814 Complete guide to pest control with and without chemicals. Ware G.W., Thomson Publications, P.O. Box 9335, Fresno, CA 93791, USA, 2nd ed., 1988. xii, 304p. Illus. 100 ref. Index., ISBN 0-913702-09-9 (In English) This book provides information on pest control for homeowners, owners of small farms, professional gardeners and grounds keepers. Contents: pests and their damage; the choice between chemical and non-chemical control; types of pesticides and their formulation; equipment for pest control; details of types of pests and appropriate means of control; safe handling and storage of pesticides; pesticide legislation; hazards of pesticides and first aid treatment. Includes lists of common, trade and chemical names. (65239)
CIS 95-1815 The pesticide book. Ware G.W., Thomson Publications, P.O. Box 9335, Fresno, CA 93791, USA, 4th ed., 1994. xii, 384p. Illus. 86 ref. Index., ISBN 0-913702-58-7 (In English) Contents of this book: damage caused by pests and a chronology of pesticide use; pesticide formulations; chemicals used to control invertebrates (insecticides, molluscicides, nematicides), vertebrates (rodenticides, avicides, piscicides, repellents), plants (herbicides, plant growth regulators, defoliants, desiccants) and microorganisms (fungicides, bactericides, algicides, disinfectants); modes of interaction with pesticides; hazards of pesticide use (safe handling and storage, legislation); pesticides of the future. Includes lists of common, trade and chemical names. (65240)
CIS 95-1816 Removal of asbestos-containing floor coverings and partitions or walls. (French: Elimination des revêtements de sols et de parois à base d'amiante; German: Entfernen von asbesthaltigen Boden- und Wandbelägen; Italian: Rimozione di rivestimenti per pavimenti e pareti contenenti amianto) Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, May 1995. 8p. Illus. (In French, German, Italian) Main contents of this data sheet on the safe removal of asbestos-containing floor coverings and partitions or walls in buildings: legal framework in Switzerland and purpose of this data sheet (CFST rules No. 6503 "flaked asbestos and other lightly agglomerated asbestos-containing materials"; limit values (VME in Switzerland: 250,000 respirable fibres per m3) and notification responsibilities; nature, use and condition of asbestos-containing materials; work planification and preparation; cleaning-up work; removal of asbestos-containing waste; training of floor coverers involved with the disposal of asbestos-containing materials; exceptions. (65126)
CIS 95-1817 Exposure standards for atmospheric contaminants in the occupational environment - Guidance note and national exposure standards. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, May 1995. viii, 105p. 77 ref., ISBN 0-644-45147-5 (In English) Internet: The first part of this document provides guidance on the interpretation of exposure standards for atmospheric contaminants in the occupational environment: unlisted substances, prohibition of the use of substances, workload considerations, exposure duration, excursion limits, monitoring of exposure, biological monitoring, odour thresholds, simple asphyxiants, effects on the skin, sensitizers, carcinogens, airborne particulates, mixtures of substances, refined petroleum solvent mixtures, fumes and gases from welding and cutting processes, thermal decomposition products of plastics, expression of exposure standards. The second part contains exposure limits recommended for adoption by federal and State governments (8h-TWA and 15min-STEL, ppm and mg/m3) for approximately 700 substances. Includes carcinogen category and other notes where applicable. (Replaces CIS 92-1296). (65155)
CIS 95-1818 Sampling and analysis of gaseous organic pollutants. I. On activated charcoal according to standard NF X 43-252. II. On silica gel according to standard NF X 43-258. (French: Prélèvement et analyse des polluants organiques gazeux. I. Support charbon actif. Fiche d'application de la norme NF X 43-252. II. Support gel de silice. Fiche d'application de la norme NF X 43-258) Guénier J.P., Muller J., Institut national de Recherche et de Sécurité, INRS, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1990. Vol.I: 250p. and Vol.II: 120p., ISBN 2-7389-0014-3 (I), ISBN 2-7389-0015-1 (II) (In French) French standards NF X 43-252 and NF X 43-258 describe a method for the sampling and analysis of organic substances using solid sorbents and gas chromatography. Document I contains 123 data sheets for sampling on activated carbon, and document II contains 55 data sheets for sampling on silica gel. Each data sheet deals with a specific air contaminant and contains information on: principal characteristics and scope of the method; physical and chemical properties of the substance; equipment and reagents used; chromatographic conditions; potential interferences and replacements; desorption coefficients; global adsorption-desorption coefficients; trapping capacity for the compound in standard environmental conditions for the given concentration range; sampling threshold. (65168)
CIS 95-1819 Peroxodisulphate salts in air. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, June 1995. 8p. 20 ref. Price: GBP 4.00., ISBN 0-7176-0802-6 (In English) This data sheet describes a method for the determination of sodium, ammonium and potassium peroxodisulfate salts in air. The method is suitable for sampling over the range 15min to 8h. Qualitative and quantitative detection limits are 0.29µgmL-1 and 0.96µgmL-1 respectively. Principle: a measured volume of air is drawn through a filter mounted in an inhalable dust sampler. The filter and sample are treated with water and the mixture swirled on an orbital shaker. The resulting solution is diluted with water and the peroxodisulfate concentration determined using mobile phase ion chromatography. (65263)
CIS 95-1820 Chemical products - The material safety data sheet. (French: Produits chimiques. La fiche de données de sécurité) Cheron J., Huré P., Travail et sécurité, Apr. 1995, No.535, p.269-272. Illus. Also available as an offprint from INRS. (In French) This information note reviews the 16 obligatory sections in a material safety data sheet (MSDS): identification of the chemical product and of the person or company putting it on the market; components of the product; hazard identification; first aid information for emergencies; fire fighting information; actions to take in case of accidental release; precautions during storage, use or handling; exposure reduction, control and monitoring, personal protective equipment; physical and chemical properties; stability and reactivity; toxicological information; ecological impact; waste elimination; transportation; regulations concerning the product; other information. Information is also provided on how to use MSDSs. (65288)
CIS 95-1821 Quick selection guide to chemical protective clothing. Forsberg K., Mansdorf S.Z., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA, 1989. iv, 60p. 2 ref., ISBN 0-442-23795-2 (In English) This booklet provides recommendations for the selection of chemical protective clothing materials based on published and unpublished test data. The guide does not take into account the intended use or physical demands (resistance to tear, puncture resistance) of the clothing. Colour-coded tables indicate the chemical breakthrough performance of 11 generic materials against approximately 450 chemicals. An additional table provides a hazard rating for each chemical. (65141)
CIS 95-1822 Pollution by Diesel engines during tunnel construction - Problems, objectives, programme. (French: Pollution par les moteurs Diesel lors de la construction de tunnels. Problèmes, objectifs, programme; German: Abgasschadstoffe von Dieselmotoren im Tunnelbau. Probleme, Ziele, Programm; Italian: Gas inquinanti dei motori Diesel nella construzione di gallerie. Problemi, obiettivi, programma) Tiefbau-Berufsgenossenschaft (TBG), VERT, Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Kundendienst, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, June 1995. 4p. Illus. 6 ref. (In French, German, Italian) The VERT programme (Verminderung der Emissionen von Realmaschinen im Tunnelbau) is designed to reduce to a minimum the Diesel emissions of machines used for tunnelling. Because of the large number of tunnel construction projects in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, relevant authorities responsible for work safety in tunnels (i.e. the AUVA, the CNA and the TBG) decided to launch this joint programme. The VERT Bulletin provides information in this respect. (65124)
CIS 95-1823 The safe storage, handling and use of special gases in the micro-electronics industry. British Compressed Gases Association, 14 Tollgate, Eastleigh, Hampshire SO53 3TG, United Kingdom, Rev.ed., 1995. ix, 55p. 33 ref. Price: GBP 35.00 (GBP 30.00 to member companies). (In English) Contents of this code of practive (1988 edition, see CIS 91-261): key requirements for employers of personnel using special gases; potential hazards of compressed gas containers; potentially hazardous properties of gases; location, design, construction and operation of the gas container storage area; handling of gas containers; gas supply points; gas supply systems; disposal of waste gases; operating principles for gas supply systems; plant maintenance; general safety requirements (protective equipment, training, emergency response). (65308)
CIS 95-1824 REPIDISCA (Pan-American Information Network for Environmental Health). (Spanish: REPIDISCA (Red Panamericana de Información en Salud Ambiental)) REPIDISCA, C.P. 4337, Lima 100, Peru. Computer databases available on INTERNET (listserv@cepis.org.pe) and in CD-ROM format (order from: Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud SPD, Unidad LILACS/CD-ROM, CEP 04023-901 São Paulo SP, Brazil; subscription to 3 annual editions for USD 180.00 from Latin America and the Caribbean and USD 500.00 from elsewhere). (In English, Portuguese, Spanish) This information service covers the following subjects: environmental health; environmental epidemiology; environmental toxicology; health and environment engineering; water supplies; waste water; solid and/or dangerous waste; occupational health. It consists of 5 databases: bibliographic database (approx. 85,000 references to documents registered by cooperating centres (CCs)); directory of institutions; collective catalogue of serial publications held by CCs; thesaurus (environmental health terminology in 5 languages - English, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish); IRPTC (International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals, see CIS 93-933 for printed version). Hard copies of cited references may be obtained by mail or telefax. (65323)
CIS 95-1825 Handling spray cans. (French: Conditionnement de bombes aérosols) Dosne R., Face au risque, June-July 1995, No.314, p.38-45. Illus. (In French) Description of a chain-reaction fire that broke out in a tractor trailer filled with spray cans. The fire spread to all the other firms sharing the premises, destroying the whole building. It should be noted that the firm was not registered as a hazardous plant and it lacked proper water supplies although it had a strong calorific potential. Lessons to be learned from this disaster are highlighted. (65130)
CIS 95-1826 Adding odorants to oxygen. (German: Odorierung von Sauerstoff) Nölle P., Sicherheitsingenieur, Mar. 1995, Vol.26, No.3, p.16-19. Illus. 5 ref. (In German) Oxygen is used in the metal-working industry for gas welding and cutting. An increase of oxygen in the atmosphere on the workplace, for example through a leak in the oxygen supply line, enhances the flammability of substances and the rate of fire spread. For olfactory signalling of an oxygen leak, dimethyl sulfide is added to oxygen in a concentration of at least 3.6mL/m3 but not more than 10.8ppm. A new injection system is presented for the safe addition of the appropriate concentration of dimethyl sulfide to oxygen. It consists of the gas cylinder holding the toxic and easily inflammable dimethyl sulfide in a carrier gas, the injector and the unit controlling pressure, flow and temperature during the injection process. (65392)
CIS 95-1827 Problems in experimental measurements of dust explosions. Mintz K.J., Journal of Hazardous Materials, July 1995, Vol.42, No.2, p.177-186. 4 ref. (In English) The experimental method used for measuring the parameters of dust explosions was critically examined. Since the method is carried out under turbulent, dynamic conditions, a study was carried out using methane/air explosions to compare dynamic with static conditions and thus determine the accuracy of the results. The study indicated that the characteristics of the dust dispersal system and the ignition system must be studied in detail for any particular apparatus. Unusual problems encountered with particular dusts are discussed. (65149)
CIS 95-1828 Underground fires and frictional ignitions. Revell N., Mining Engineer, May 1992, Vol.151, No.368, p.299-307. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) The circumstances surrounding a fire in a coal mine in Scotland in 1959 are outlined. The fire started at a booster fan drive belt and spread to wooden roof supports; 47 men died. Actions and recommendations made following the disaster are reviewed. Statistics on ignitions and fires in recent years are examined and methods of fire detection and environmental monitoring are discussed. Causes of underground fires are analyzed and initiatives on coal clearance systems management and machine design to reduce frictional ignition risk from quartz and pyrites are reviewed. (65261)
CIS 95-1829 Fire and explosion risk assessment in the wood industry. (French: Analyse des risques d'incendie et d'explosion dans l'industrie du bois) Lodel R., Préventique-Sécurité, May-June 1995, No.21, p.3-7. Illus. (Supplément Sciences et Techniques). (In French) This guide analyses fire and explosion risks in the wood industry. First, a description of plants such as wood panel and furniture manufacturing and sawmills is provided with an emphasis on collaboration among the "risk partners". Fire and explosion characterization methods are described as well as the present state of existing regulations and standards. The guide ends with a review of existing prevention and protection techniques and their particular installations in these plants. (65127)
CIS 95-1830 Survey of technological accidents, March-April 1995. (French: Argus des accidents technologiques, mars-avril 1995) Mansot J., Préventique-Sécurité, May-June 1995, No.21, p.56-58. (In French) In March-April 1995, 161 accidents were reported to the French Ministry of the Environment including 11 major accidents abroad. Two major types of accidents are to be noted: mechanical failures of storage tanks or of their fittings, due to design errors, faulty construction or inadequate maintenance; mixing of incompatible products or flammable substances, due to human error or mechanical failure resulting in a dangerous reaction. These accidents illustrate the absolute necessity for enterprises to be provided with the best information possible, in order to prevent this type of technological accident. (65129)
CIS 95-1831 Safety at scenes of fire and related incidents. Munday J.W., The Fire Protection Association, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HX, United Kingdom, 1994. 50p. Illus. 23 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-902167-26-X (In English) This booklet provides guidance on safety during the investigation of fires and similar incidents. Contents: legislation; use of protective clothing; approaching and viewing the scene; assessment of building safety; examination of building structures; after-effects of firefighting; industrial processes and stored materials; disconnection of gas and electricity services; examining fire-damaged vehicles; other people at the scene; safe working practices; particulate materials; chemical hazards; biological hazards. (65231)
CIS 95-1832 Dispersion of releases of hazardous materials in the vicinity of buildings. Lines I.G., Hall R.C., Gallagher P., Deaves D.M., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1994. iii, 62p. 204 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-0887-5 (In English) This report presents the results of the first phase of a research programme into the dispersion of hazardous releases in the vicinity of buildings. The current status of airflow and dispersion modelling around buildings is reviewed and requirements for future efforts are identified. Information was obtained for both CFD modelling of this problem and also for full scale and model scale tests. The report includes a specification for the second phase of the project. (65243)
CIS 95-1833 Guidelines for process safety fundamentals in general plant operations. American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2395, USA, 1995. xxiv, 360p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 120.00 USA and Canada, USD 170.00 elsewhere., ISBN 0-8169-0564-9 (In English) Contents of this manual: safe handling of chemical substances and materials (hazard identification, material handling hazards, waste handling); safety considerations in the design, installation, operation and maintenance of selected process equipment and systems; general safety topics (inspection and maintenance, storage and warehousing, plant modifications, hazardous work, use of contractors, worker protection); procedures for cleanup and process changeover; personnel training; programmes for the improvement of overall plant safety performance. (65145)
CIS 95-1834 Management guide to fire investigation. The Fire Protection Association, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HX, United Kingdom, no date. 8p. Illus. 19 ref. (In English) This data sheet provides guidance on the investigation of fires on company premises. Contents: indications leading to suspicion of arson; the role of management in ensuring the proper investigation of fires; collecting information on the nature of the fire and pre- and post-fire events; recording evidence from the investigation; site investigation to locate the seat of the fire and determine the cause; fire brigade and police activities. (65233)
CIS 95-1835 Incendiary devices: Information and guidance. The Fire Protection Association, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HX, United Kingdom, 1990. 6p. Illus. 13 ref. (In English) This data sheet provides guidance on dealing with incendiary devices used in arson attacks on business premises. The nature of an incendiary device is outlined along with targets for such devices, how devices may enter the premises, dealing with advance warnings, police activities, searching the building, recognizing a device, action to take if a device is discovered and implementation of precautionary measures. (65234)
CIS 95-1836 The investigation of vehicle fires. The Fire Protection Association, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HX, United Kingdom, no date. 12p. Illus. 11 ref. (In English) This data sheet describes a systematic approach for the investigation of a fire in a road vehicle. Contents: determining relevant background details of the vehicle and the fire; hazards associated with the vehicle and its load; searching the surrounding area; examination of the exterior and interior parts of the vehicle; investigation of fires in motor cycles, buses and lorries; hazards of diesel engines, liquefied petroleum gas and electric vehicles. (65235)
CIS 95-1837 Storage and handling of industrial nitrocellulose. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. v, 18p. Illus. 31 ref. Price: GBP 6.00., ISBN 0-7176-0694-5 (In English) Contents of this guidance booklet: definition of industrial nitrocellulose; fire hazards; drum storage (location, separation, separation from dangerous substances, fire resistant storage buildings or storerooms, sources of ignition, restricted access, warning notices); procedures for drum handling and use; disposal of waste nitrocellulose; information and training; general fire precautions; emergency procedures; legal requirements. (65248)
CIS 95-1838 Loading and unloading. Road transport of dangerous materials. (French: Chargement-déchargement. Transport des matières dangereuses par route) Travail et sécurité, Feb. 1995, No.533, p.124-130. Illus. Also available as an offprint from INRS. (In French) Recommendation adopted by the French national technical committees for the transportation and chemical industries during their meetings on 9 and 16 June 1994, respectively. Because of the hazards they cause during their transportation, dangerous materials require special preventive measures. Contents: general information (definitions of terms, main regulatory texts in force); general preventive measures; technical preventive measures concerning tanker trucks and other means of transport (vehicle safety, access points of loading and unloading stations, loading and unloading zones etc.); safety measures relating to procedures involving tanker trucks and other means of transport (periodic controls, vehicle reception, safety checks after the arrival of a vehicle etc.); commentary. Proposal for a "check list for procedures involved in the transfer of hazardous liquids". (65282)
CIS 95-1839 Storage of Hazardous Materials - A technical guide for safe warehousing of hazardous materials. (French: Le stockage des produits dangereux - Guide technique sur la sécurité des entrepôts de produits dangereux) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Industry and Environment Programme Activity Centre (IE/PAC), 39-43 Quai André-Citroën, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France, 1990. 80p. Illus. 16 ref. Index., ISBN 92-807-1238-1 (Eng), ISBN 92-807-1239-X (fr) (In English, French) This Technical guide, part of a series of Technical Reports issued on a regular basis by UNEP, specifies practical guidelines for the safe storage and warehousing of hazardous materials, thus protecting human health and environment. Main contents: key responsibilities (those of authorities and of the warehousekeeper); examples of legal frameworks for regulations; appreciation of product hazards using the Material Safety Data Sheet provided by the supplier of goods and the UN classification and definitions of classes of dangerous goods; location and buildings; warehouse management; fire and environment protection; check-list. Appendices: UN hazard warning labels; UN classification and definitions of classes of dangerous goods; transport "hazard diamonds" and "user" hazard warnings; glossary of terms; examples of material safety data sheets; list of addresses of relevant UN agencies and international organizations; subject index. (65351)
CIS 95-1840 Hazard identification and evaluation in a local community. (French: Identification et évaluation des risques dans une localité) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Industry and Environment Programme Activity Centre (IE/PAC), 39-43 Quai André-Citroën, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France, 1992. 86p. Illus. 16 ref., ISBN 92-807-1331-0 (Eng), ISBN 92-807-1368-X (fr) (In English, French) This manual, part of the UNEP's Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level (APELL) programme, is designed for all those concerned with the identification and evaluation of hazards in the community (local government, police, fire, rescue services, etc). It comprises three parts: an introduction (definitions, use of the handbook); a description of the hazard analysis method with examples; a series of annexes providing more information to enable local communities to identify and evaluate hazards. (65352)
CIS 95-1841 Intervention guide for chemical hazards. (French: Le guide d'intervention face au risque chimique) Fédération nationale des Sapeurs pompiers français, 27 rue de Dunkerque, 75010 Paris, France, 1992. xi, 374p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: FRF 150.00 + FRF 25.00 mailing charges. (In French) Main topics treated in this guide to chemical safety that can equally be used as a training manual for firefighters: theoretical risk analysis; intervention methods (general information, air sampling and measurement techniques, spills of dangerous liquids, water pollution); data sheets of essential information (emission of flammable, toxic or corrosive gases; fires involving the emission of toxic fumes; spills of flammable, toxic, corrosive, hot or cryogenic liquids; refrigerated or liquefied pressurized gases; solid spills); data sheets on products (chlorine, ammonia, benzene, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, caustic soda, ethylene oxide, vinyl chloride, hydrofluoric acid, hydrocyanic acid, polychlorobiphenyls); organization of CMIC (Mobile units of chemical intervention in France); list of abbreviations. (65359)
CIS 95-1842 Risks from handling explosives in ports. Health and Safety Commission, Advisory Committee on Dangerous Substances, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. xi, 89p. Illus. 21 ref. Price: GBP 30.00., ISBN 0-7176-0917-0 (In English) This report describes a methodology for estimating individual and societal risk from the explosives trade at individual ports and nationally. Detailed studies were carried out on five ports and one jetty licensed to handle explosives and a risk assessment technique was developed and applied to the remaining ports. The report covers: potential causes of explosive events in ports; analysis of traffic data and categorization of explosives cargoes; the likelihood of explosives events occurring in ports and the consequences of such events; method for the calculation of risks; results of detailed studies; estimation of national risk; technical conclusions. (65266)
CIS 95-1843 Prevention of fire and explosion, and emergency response in offshore installations. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. v, 49p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 8.50., ISBN 0-7176-0874-3 (In English) This guide presents the text of the Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire and Explosion, and Emergency Response) Regulations 1995 (see CIS 95-813) along with appropriate guidance. Main provisions concern: application of the Regulations; general responsibilities of the duty holder (operator or owner of the installation); hazard assessment; preparation for emergencies; equipment for helicopter emergencies; emergency response plan; prevention of fire and explosion; detection of incidents; communications during an incident; control of emergencies; mitigation of fire and explosion; arrangement for evacuation, escape and rescue; suitability of personal protective equipment for use in an emergency; suitability and condition of plant; life-saving appliances. (65319)
CIS 95-1844 Guidelines on risk management and accident prevention in the chemical industry. (French: Principes directeurs sur la gestion des risques et la prévention des accidents dans l'industrie chimique) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Industry and Environment Programme Activity Centre (IE/PAC), 39-43 Quai André-Citroën, 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France, 1982. 52p. Illus. 13 ref., ISBN 92-807-1058-3 (Eng), ISBN 92-807-2072-3 (fr) (In English, French) This document provides guidelines on the important principles and factors which can aid judgement and decision-making in order to contribute to the prevention of accidents in manufacturing industrial chemicals. Main contents: general principles and definitions; identification of potentially hazardous situations; assessment of hazard and consequences; calculation of probability; quantification; criteria; engineering standards and codes of practice; management aspects; emergency planning. (65353)
CIS 95-1845 Fire safety in the paper and board industry. Health and Safety Commission, Paper and Board Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 57p. Illus. 48 ref. Price: GBP 11.95., ISBN 0-7176-0841-7 (In English) Contents of this safety guide: legal requirements; causes of fires; fire risk management (assessment of general fire precautions and of process hazards and control measures); housekeeping requirements; control of smoking; precautions against vandalism; safety of mill fire teams; hazards and precautions in various operations (storage, paper dust, fires in machine hoods, bulk starch handling, generation of hydrogen sulfide by aerobic bacterial action on paper fibre, charging of electrically operated lift trucks, storage and use of flammable liquids, electrical safety, hot work); general fire precautions (means of escape, fire alarms, training, fire extinguishing systems). (65265)
CIS 95-1846 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing injuries and deaths from metal-reinforced hydraulic hoses. Publications Dissemination, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, May 1993. 5p. Illus. 2 ref. (In English) This data sheet describes hazards associated with the use of metal-reinforced hydraulic hoses on aerial bucket trucks near energized power lines. Such hoses may rupture and cause fires if they contact power lines; electric current flowing through the metal reinforcement may also create an electrocution hazard. The use of nonconducting hydraulic hoses near energized power lines is recommended. (65268)
CIS 95-1847 Electrical safety on construction sites. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iii, 43p. Illus. 28 ref. Price: GBP 8.75., ISBN 0-7176-1000-4 (In English) Contents of this guidance booklet: legal requirements; planning the work; safety of electrical installations (generator, earthing the site supply, the temporary site distribution system, moveable plant, portable equipment, use of mains voltage equipment, residual current devices, maintenance of the electrical installation and electrical equipment); suggested inspection and test frequencies for electrical equipment; precautions during demolition, building alteration and refurbishment and handover and commissioning work; treatment of electric shock victims. (65190)
CIS 95-1848 Hearing threshold shifts, white-cell count and smoking status in working men. Cocchiarella L.A., Sharp D.S., Persky V.W., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.179-185. Illus. 46 ref. (In English) The association between cardiovascular risk factors and high-frequency hearing loss was examined using medical records from 699 employees with low workplace noise exposure. High-frequency hearing was significantly associated with white-blood-cell (WBC) count (previously implicated as a marker for cardiovascular disease), smoking status, mean corpuscular volume and the globulin/albumin ratio, especially in men ≤40 years old. The association with WBC count remained significant after controlling for other factors. Findings suggest that high-frequency hearing loss may be used as a marker for susceptibility to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. (65224)
CIS 95-1849 Time-dependent hematological changes in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields. Marino A.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Feb. 1995, Vol.56, No.2, p.189-192. Illus. 19 ref. (In English) This "short communication" is a review of the results of a World War II-era study of 45 radar and radio workers of the Naval Research Laboratory of the US. Statistically significant correlations were found between increasing white blood cell counts and average daily exposure, months of exposure and total length of exposure to electromagnetic fields. Changes in cell structure were, however, within the normal range. (65216)
CIS 95-1850 Electromagnetic field exposure during pregnancy and childhood leukaemia. Infante-Rivard C., Lancet, 15 July 1995, Vol.346, No.8968, p.177. 5 ref. (In English) A study of 128 cases of childhood leukaemia in Spain is briefly reported. An excess risk was observed in children of mothers working at home as sewing machine operators during pregnancy. Another report suggests that electromagnetic field exposures to factory and home sewing machines are among the highest for any profession. It is suggested that results of the Spanish study may be interpreted as being electromagnetic-field related. (65221)
CIS 95-1851 Magnetic fields on British trains. Chadwick P., Lowes F., Radiological Protection Bulletin, June 1995, No.166, p.17-21. Illus. 1 ref. (In English) Magnetic field strengths on various types of electric trains and trams in use in the United Kingdom are compared with investigation levels issued by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB). In all cases the measured waist-height static flux densities were much less than the basic restriction of 200mT on time-weighted average exposure to static magnetic fields; floor-level flux densities were such that pacemakers or similar devices might be affected. While none of the measured whole-body alternating magnetic fields approached NRPB investigation levels, some floor-level alternating flux densities were greater. (65271)
CIS 95-1852 Cancer risks associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric utility workers in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, and France: 1970-1989. Thériault G., Goldberg M., Miller A.B., Armstrong B., Guénel P., Deadman J., Imbernon E., To T., Chevalier A., Cyr D., Wall C., American Journal of Epidemiology, Mar. 1994, Vol.139, No.6, p.550-572. 50 ref. (In English) This article reports on a case-control study within three cohorts of electrical utility workers in France and Canada (223,292 men in total). During the observation period (1970-1989) 4,151 new cases of cancer occurred. Each participant's cumulative exposure to magnetic fields was estimated based on measurements of current exposure of 2,066 workers performing tasks similar to those in the cohorts using personal dosimetry. Estimates were also made of past exposure. Workers who had more than the median cumulative exposure to magnetic fields had a higher risk for acute non-lymphoid leukaemia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-5.44) and acute myeloid leukaemia (OR = 3.15, 95% CI 1.20-8.27). There was also an elevated risk for mean exposure above 0.2 microtesla (acute non-lymphoid leukaemia, OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.00-5.58; acute myeloid leukaemia, OR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.79-6.46). However, there were no clear dose-response trends with increasing exposure and no consistency among the three utilities. (65441)
CIS 95-1853 Miscarriages among female physical therapists who report using radio- and microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Ouellet-Hellstrom R., Stewart W.F., American Journal of Epidemiology, Nov. 1993, Vol.138, No.10, p.775-786. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) To assess the impact of occupational use of microwave and shortwave diathermy at the time of conception, questionnaires were mailed to 42,403 physical therapists. Both occupational and reproductive histories were obtained. A total of 1,753 case pregnancies (miscarriages) were matched to 1,753 incidence density control pregnancies (other pregnancies except ectopic pregnancies). Pregnancies of mothers reporting microwave use six months prior to the pregnancy or during the first trimester were more likely to result in miscarriage (odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.59). The odds ratio increased with increasing level of exposure (ξ2 = 7.25, p<0.005). The odds ratio in the highest exposure group (20 or more exposures/month) was 1.59. The overall odds ratio was slightly lower after it was controlled for prior foetal loss (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.59), but the exposure-response effect remained (ξ2 = 5.17, p<0.01). The risk of miscarriage was not associated with reported use of shortwave diathermy equipment. (65442)
CIS 95-1854 Paternal radiation exposure and leukaemia in offspring - The Ontario case-control study. McLaughlin J.R., King W.D., Anderson T.W., Clarke E.A., Ashmore J.P., British Medical Journal, Oct. 1993, Vol.307, No.6910, p.959-966. 40 ref. (In English) A case-control study was conducted to determine whether there is an association between the occupational exposure of men to ionizing radiation and leukaemia in their children. Cases (n=112; 890 controls) were children to age 14 who died from or were diagnosed as having leukaemia from 1950-1988 and were born to mothers living in the vicinity of an operating nuclear facility. Six fathers of cases and 53 fathers of controls had a total body dose >0.0mSv before a child's conception, resulting in an odds ratio of 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.32-2.34). There was no evidence of an increased leukaemia risk in relation to any exposure period (lifetime, six months or three months before conception) or exposure type (total whole body dose, external whole body dose, or tritium dose), except for radon exposure to uranium miners, which had a large odds ratio that was not significantly different from the null value. (65446)
CIS 95-1855 Effect of intermittent exposure to sunlight on melanoma risk among indoor workers and sun-sensitive individuals. Nelemans P.J., Groenendal H., Kiemeney L.A.L.M., Rampen F.H.J., Ruiter D.J., Verbeek A.L.M., Environmental Health Perspectives, Aug. 1993, Vol.101, No.3, p.252-255. 9 ref. (In English) A population-based case-control study was performed in the Netherlands to examine the effect of sunlight exposure and melanoma. The study group comprised 141 patients with a histologically verified melanoma and 183 controls with other malignancies. Subjects were categorized as indoor or outdoor workers on the basis of occupational exposure to the sun. Pigmentation characteristics were summarized as one sun sensitivity score. The odds ratios associated with sunbathing, vacations spent in sunny countries and sunburns were higher among the indoor workers than among the outdoor workers. After stratification by the sun sensitivity score, the effect of sunbathing, participation in water sports (swimming excluded), vacations in sunny countries and a history of sunburn was largest for the sun-sensitive subjects. The results of this study support the hypothesis that intermittent exposure to sunlight is an important risk factor for melanoma. (65449)
CIS 95-1856 Comparative hazard evaluation of near-infrared diode lasers. Marshall W.J., Health Physics, May 1994, Vol.66, No.5, p.532-539. Illus. 11 ref. (In English) Hazard evaluation methods from various laser protection standards differ when applied to extended-source, near-infrared lasers. The differences among laser standards are most apparent when determining the hazard class of a laser. Hazard classification is based on a comparison of the potential exposures with the maximum permissible exposures in the 1986 and 1993 versions of the American National Standard for the Safe Use of Lasers, Z136.1, and the accessible emission limits of the US federal laser product performance standard. Necessary safety design features of a particular system depend on the hazard class. The ANSI Z136.1-1993 standard provides a simpler and more accurate hazard assessment of low-power, near-infrared, diode laser systems than the 1986 ANSI standard. Although a specific system is evaluated, the techniques described can be readily applied to other near-infrared lasers or laser training systems. (65452)
CIS 95-1857 Cosmic radiation doses received by Australian commercial flight crews and the implications of ICRP 60. Wilson O.J., Young B.F., Richardson C.K., Health Physics, May 1994, Vol.66, No.5, p.493-502. Illus. 12 ref. (In English) Surveys of the cosmic radiation doses received by Australian commercial flight crews were carried out in 1982-1983 and 1991. The results indicated that the average annual doses to domestic crew members were between 1.0 and 1.8mSv. They also indicated that an increase in annual doses had occurred since 1983. A method of estimating doses from flight records was developed and the results compared favourably with the measurements from both surveys. By the use of this method, annual doses up to 3.8mSv were estimated for international crew members, representing a significant increase since 1983. ICRP Publication 60 recommended that the new occupational annual dose limit of 20mSv should now apply to flight crews. This represented a dose limit of at least four times that which was previously permitted. The use of an annual dose limit of 5mSv is suggested for Australian commercial flight crews. (65453)
CIS 95-1858 Probabilistic laser safety - Ocular damage models for Q-switched neodymium and ruby lasers. Smith P.A., Health Physics, Apr. 1994, Vol.66, No.4, p.414-419. Illus. 23 ref. (In English) International standards for eye protection from laser radiation define a distance beyond which an individual would not be expected to suffer any adverse biological effects. This nominal ocular hazard distance, and any associated hazard zones, are calculated using a deterministic technique. This technique does not consider the likelihood that an eye will be irradiated, or the probability that if any eye is exposed, then some ocular damage will result. An alternative, probabilistic, method of hazard assessment does so. An important element in this assessment is an ocular damage model which predicts the probability with which a laser exposure will cause permanent eye damage. This paper describes a rationale for the use of the minimum ophthalmoscopically visible lesion as a threshold criterion for the development of ocular damage models. (65464)
CIS 95-1859 Electric and magnetic fields. Kaune W.T., Savitz D.A., Stevens R.G., Paneth N., Shaw G.M., Croen L.A., Environmental Health Perspectives, Dec. 1993, Vol.101, Suppl.4, p.73-81, 83-91, 93-100, 101-106, 107-119, 121-133. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English) This collection of papers provides information on the health effects of electric and magnetic fields. Individual papers concern: (1) an introduction to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields; (2) epidemiologic studies of electric and magnetic fields and cancer; (3) biologically-based epidemiologic studies of electric power and cancer; (4) neurobehavioural effects of power-frequency electromagnetic fields; (5) a review of epidemiologic studies concerning adverse human reproductive outcomes and electromagnetic field exposures; (6) assessing human exposure to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields. (65466)
CIS 95-1860 Effects of thermal, personal and behavioural factors on the physiological strain, thermal comfort and productivity of Australian shearers in hot weather. Gun R.T., Budd G.M., Ergonomics, July 1995, Vol.38, No.7, p.1368-1384. Illus. 39 ref. (In English) A study was made of 35 sheep shearers and 8 wool-press operators undertaking sustained strenuous work in air temperatures up to 45°C. Many of the findings were negative or paradoxical. The subjects experienced little of the increased strain that was expected on the basis of laboratory findings; fatter men and those who had drunk more alcohol the previous evening actually experienced less strain. The findings highlight the uncertainty inherent in defining safe limits for occupational heat stress on the basis of laboratory studies. (65186)
CIS 95-1861 Effects of two kinds of clothing made from hydrophobic and hydrophilic fabrics on local sweating rates at an ambient temperature of 37°C. Ha M., Tokura H., Yamashita Y., Ergonomics, July 1995, Vol.38, No.7, p.1445-1455. 19 ref. (In English) A comparison was made of the local sweat rates from the forearm in six subjects wearing either polyester or cotton clothing at an ambient temperature of 37°C. Local sweat rates were distinctly higher for polyester clothing than for cotton clothing in five out of six subjects. Clothing surface temperatures at the chest level were higher for cotton than for polyester. The different properties of moisture absorbency between the two materials could play a role in sweating physiology in environmental conditions where only wet heat loss could occur. (65188)
CIS 95-1862 The respiratory system in a cold environment. Giesbrecht G.G., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Sep. 1995, Vol.66, No.9, Section I, p.890-902. Illus. 163 ref. (In English) This literature survey focuses on how acute or chronic exposure to a cold environment affects respiratory system functions either through direct, reflex or mediator release mechanisms. The first section describes the basic physiological effects of cold exposure on pulmonary mechanics, control of breathing, pulmonary circulation and morphology of the respiratory system. Remaining sections describe clinical disorders that may be precipitated by acute or chronic cold exposure: exercise- or cold-induced asthma; rhinitis; cough and nose bleed; frozen lung; upper airway tract infections; Eskimo lung; tuberculosis. (65304)
CIS 95-1863 Blast and shock induced vibrations in offshore jacket installations. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. iv, 60p. Illus. 12 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-7176-0937-5 (In English) A study was carried out to determine the severity of shock induced vibrations in offshore structures. Aspects investigated include: blast loading from explosions; blast loading on a typical fixed leg offshore platform; existing guidelines for assessing platform vibrations; current requirements for offshore suppliers; human response to platform vibration; vibration criteria used by the nuclear industry; developing vibration criteria for the offshore industry. (65250)
CIS 95-1864 Radioactive and mixed waste - Risk as a basis for waste classification. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-3095, USA, June 1995. v, 201p. Bibl.ref. Price: USD 25.00., ISBN 0-929600-43-6 (In English) Proceedings of a symposium on Radioactive and Mixed Waste - Risk as a Basis for Waste Classification, held 9 November 1994 in Las Vegas, USA. Papers cover: definition of the problem (regulatory situation regarding mixed waste, terminology, types of radioactive and mixed waste, parameters needed to assess risk, the availability of input needed to use risk to classify mixed waste); biology of risk (genetic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects); assessment of risk; managing the risks of radionuclides and conventional chemicals; social and political considerations; practical applications of a risk-based waste classification system; summary and conclusions. (65272)
CIS 95-1865 Safety of machinery - Temperatures of touchable surfaces - Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces. (French: Sécurité des machines - Températures des surfaces tangibles - Données ergonomiques pour la fixation de températures limites des surfaces chaudes) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92049 Paris-La Défense, France, Sep. 1994. 26p. Illus. 9 ref. (In French) This document is part of a series of European harmonized standards within the scope of Directive 89/392/EEC (see CIS 92-25). It provides ergonomic data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces relating to the safety of machinery. (65335)
CIS 95-1866 Acoustics of industrial premises. Information for designers, architects and engineers. (French: Acoustique des locaux industriels. Informations pour projeteurs, architectes et ingénieurs; German: Industrielle Raumakustik. Information für Planer, Architekten und Ingenieure) Lips W., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Arbeitssicherheit, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 4th ed., Sep. 1994. 35p. Illus. 6 ref. (In French, German) The new edition of this brochure takes into account new developments in the methods available for noise evaluation as well as in legislation and regulations in Switzerland. Main contents: introduction; principles governing acoustics of premises; requirements; practical solutions; assessment of acoustics of premises; mobile walls; practical examples; conclusion. (65125)
CIS 95-1867 Harmful effects of noise at the workplace. (French: Nuisances sonores à l'emplacement de travail; German: Belästigender Lärm am Arbeitsplatz) Staubli B., Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Postfach, 6002 Luzern, Switzerland, 1st ed., Apr. 1995. 51p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French, German) Main contents of this guide on the assessment and prevention of harmful effects of noise in the workplace: legislation, standards, directives applicable in Switzerland; basic acoustics; noise perception; noise measurement techniques; acoustic load due to noise; harmful effects of noise in the workplace; reactions to noise; mitigation of noise; engineering controls. Appendices: acoustical measurement units; limit values according to standard SIA 181. (65357)
CIS 95-1868 Hazards of tungsten halogen lamps. (French: Dangers présentés par les lampes halogène) Salsi S., Barlier A., Institut national de Recherche et de Sécurité, INRS, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, 1993. 27p. Illus. 3 ref., ISBN 2-7389-0113-1 (In French) This booklet presents the results of ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation level measurements conducted on 11 office tungsten halogen lamps of different strengths. For each lamp the following information is given: technical characteristics, where it is used, limits on use. The hazards due to halogen lamps used for direct lighting without protective glass envelopes are not insignificant. Chronic exposure to ultraviolet light from these lamps may be dangerous in the long run. On the other hand, lights equipped with protective glass should not present any danger, unless under direct viewing conditions (avoidance reflexes of the eye should, however, prevent this latter danger, considering the high intensity of the light emitted by these lamps). (65165)
CIS 95-1869 The provisions of the basic safety standards for radiation protection relevant to the protection of workers against ionising radiation. (French: Normes fondamentales de radioprotection: dispositions intéressant la radioprotection des travailleurs (rayonnements ionisants); Spanish: Las disposiciones de las Normas básicas de seguridad en materia de protección radiológica relativas a la protección de los trabajadores contra las radiaciones ionizantes) ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1990. vii, 29p. (Fre.); vii, 31p. (Spa.) Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 7.50., ISBN 92-2-205097-5 (fr), ISBN 92-2-305097-9 (esp) (In French, Spanish) Translation of a guidance document originally published in English in 1985 (see CIS 85-1878) to the 1982 publication Basic safety standards for radiation protection (see CIS 83-1600). Coverage: biological effects and occupational hazards due to ionizing radiation; objective and scope of the standards; conditions of exposure; system of notification, registration or licensing; dose limitation; classification of working conditions and working areas where radiation contamination is possible; physical and medical surveillance and monitoring; medical records; accidental and emergency exposure; definition of terms. (65205)
CIS 95-1870 Electric and magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves. A guide for the occupational physician and the OSH specialist. (French: Champs électriques, champs magnétiques, ondes électromagnétiques. Guide à l'usage du médecin du travail et du préventeur) Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30, rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Aug. 1995. 134p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French) This guide aimed at industrial physicians and OSH specialists is a survey of the physical and biological effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. It provides a detailed overview of static electromagnetic radiation, extremely low frequency (ELF) radiation (such as that generated by electric power lines), electromagnetic radiation at frequencies of 10KHz-300GHz emitted by radiofrequency and hyperfrequency generators and radiation emitted by nuclear magnetic resonance generating equipment. Aspects covered: principles of operation; threshold limit values accepted in most industrialized countries; information needed by the occupational physician in order to monitor exposed workers and to recommend preventive measures. (65273)
CIS 95-1871 Ultraviolet radiation - Perspectives. Industrial Hygiene Link, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.6, No.3, p.1-3. 9 ref. (In English) This information sheet contains a survey of the hazards of ultraviolet radiation, published in a special issue of the bulletin of the Indian Society of Industrial Hygiene. It covers: electromagnetic radiation in general (ionizing and non-ionizing); ultraviolet (UV) radiation (biological implications, sources, absorption by the ozone layer); effects on the skin and the eyes; carcinogenicity; TLVs recommended by ACGIH in the US (1µm W/cm2 for >103sec and 1J/cm2 for <103sec exposure to wavelengths between 0.2 and 0.315µm); monitoring and control of UV radiation; list of occupations involving potential UV exposure. (65324)
CIS 95-1872 International basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources - Interim edition. International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramerstrasse 5, PO Box 100, 1400 Wien, Austria, Dec. 1994. [9], 387p., ISBN 92-0-100195-9 (In English) This publication comprises a preamble, principal requirements, appendices and schedules. The preamble states the aims, bases and principles of the standards, and describes appropriate governmental arrangements for applying the standards. The principal requirements specify what is necessary for fulfillment of the aims of the standards. Detailed requirements specific to occupational exposure, medical exposure, public exposure, safety of sources, emergency exposure situations and chronic exposure situations are given in appendices. Quantitative standards and guidance are given in six schedules. A glossary, the identities of the experts who drafted and reviewed the document and a list of the representatives of the countries and organizations which endorsed the standards are also included, and the six sponsoring organizations (FAO, IAEA, ILO, OECD/NEA, PAHO, WHO) are described. (65340)
CIS 95-1873 Installation and start-up procedures: Pressure-sensitive mats and floorings - The right conditions. (French: Installation et mise en service. Tapis et planchers sensibles: les bonnes conditions) Vautrin J.P., Travail et sécurité, May 1995, No.536, p.316-319. Illus. 13 ref. (In French) Survey of the main characteristics of pressure-sensitive mats and floorings, which are safety elements that detect the presence of persons by sensing the pressure or force exerted by a part of the human body. Recommendations are made as to the utilization of these elements (how to prepare the zone they are in, how to select the mat or flooring, how to take into consideration its environment, how to reduce the "dead zones" in the detection area, how to determine distances with reference to the danger source, how to adapt oneself to the mat or flooring chosen, comparison between well-designed and badly-designed installations). There are also recommendations for the installation, start-up and testing (controls and regular inspection, periodic tests, testing after maintenance). (65286)
CIS 95-1874 Motorcycle/ATV crashes on farms. Langley J., Marshall S., Clarke J., Begg D., Reeder A., Journal of Occupational Health and Safety - Australia and New Zealand, Aug. 1995, Vol.11, No.4, p.387-394. 19 ref. (In English) Data on crashes involving two-, three- and four-wheelers on New Zealand farms are analyzed. During the period 1978-1987 there were 12 fatalities and during the period 1980-1989 there were 2,004 hospitalizations. Young males had especially high rates of injury; 25% of injuries occurred to persons less that 15 years of age and males represented 87% of victims. The most common injuries were fractured limbs and head injuries. Limited information is available on the type of motorcycle involved or on the nature of the incident. (65279)
CIS 95-1875 Importance to occupational safety - The measurement of blastholes and working surfaces in quarries. (German: Bedeutung für die Arbeitssicherheit - Vermessung von Bohrlöchern und Abbauwänden in Steinbrüchen) Horten W., Die Industrie der Steine und Erden, Jan.-Feb. 1993, Vol.103, No.1, p.9-19. Illus. 13 ref. (In German) The exact depth and inclination of blastholes in quarry mining can be determined by insertion of glass or carbon fibre rods to which a measuring unit with sensors is attached. The measured data are transferred to a personal computer for determination of the appropriate charge. The ejection of rocks by too high energy can be avoided. The height and unevenness of the working surface of a quarry can be measured from a distance with a theodolite that is coupled to a range finder. Accidents caused by falling rocks can thus be prevented. (65397)
CIS 95-1876 Stairway towers on construction sites. (German: Treppentürme auf Baustellen) Fuchs O., Sicherheitsingenieur, May 1992, Vol.24, No.5, p.28-32. Illus. (In German) Stairway scaffolds (stairway towers) are used in civil engineering and the erection of structures such as silos or cooling towers. The conventional design has steps with a rise of 20cm at most and a maximum tread depth of 24cm. A second type of limit applicability has shallower treads (about 12.5cm). There are no special regulations in Germany which deal with the design of ladder cages. However, certain standards do apply: DIN 1055 Part 3, DIN 18065, and DIN 24530. (65395)
CIS 95-1877 Approved code of practice for cranes and lifting appliances. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, PO Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, June 1995. 38p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: NZD 10.00., ISBN 0-477-03576-0 (In English) Contents of this code of practice: legal requirements under the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992; precautions during the use of mobile cranes, tower cranes, crane-lifted work platforms, lifting appliances, helicopters on construction work, slings and ropes and during load-lifting and demolition ball operations. In appendix: hand signals for cranes, lifting operations and helicopters; accepted standards for lifting gear. Replaces CIS 88-996. (65237)
CIS 95-1878 National standard for plant. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, no date. 4p. (In English) This fact sheet briefly explains the key elements of the National Standard for Plant [NOHSC:1010(1994)] (see CIS 95-744): responsibilities of designers, owners and others; hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control; registration of plant design. (65160)
CIS 95-1879 Power presses - Thorough examination and testing. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. 8p. 4 ref. Price: GBP 4.00., ISBN 0-7176-0899-9 (In English) Contents of this guidance note: legal requirements; organizing the thorough examination; first examination of a used power press; power press actuation and control (positive key clutches, friction clutch presses, brakes, dual operated valves); safety devices (interlocking guards, electrosensitive protection systems); measurement of stopping time performance; daily inspection and test of safety devices. In annex: qualifications required for the organization and persons appointed to examine power presses. (65247)
CIS 95-1880 Machinery and other equipment subject to "EC" self-certification. (French: L'autocertification "CE" applicable aux machines et à d'autres équipements de travail) Lupin H., Desmoulins J., Travail et sécurité, Apr. 1995, No.535, p.265-268. Illus. Also available as an offprint from INRS. (In French) This information note describes the self-certification process, by which the manufacturer or importer of a machine subject to obligatory safety certification may, at his sole responsibility, certify that the machine in question conforms to all the safety rules applying to it. This process includes the various formalities that the manufacturer or importer must follow with respect to the marketing of new equipment (or equipment considered as new): prepare and sign an "EC" certification declaration, install an "EC" certification badge, and put together appropriate technical documentation (basic documentation, complementary documentation when necessary, supplementary documentation in the case of serial manufacturing; various other information). Obligations relating to used equipment will be presented in another information note. (65287)
CIS 95-1881 Safety of machinery - Design: accident prevention. (French: Sécurité des machines - Conception: prévention des accidents) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92049 Paris-La Défense, France, 1993. xxxvii, 702p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 2-12-050910-7 (In English, French) This compendium designed for manufacturers and designers of machinery is not only an indispensable work tool but it is also a very useful instrument of risk control. Contents: 1. General comments: memorandum on OHS standardization designed to support new approach directives; safety of machinery (rules for the drafting and presentation of safety standards); 2. General standards: safety of machinery (basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: basic terminology, methodology; Part 2: basic concepts, general principles for design, terminology); 3. Technical specifications for machine components (emergency stop equipment, functional aspects - principles for design). 4. Safety distances (safety distances to prevent upper limbs from penetrating danger zones; minimum gaps to avoid crushing parts of the human body). 5. Electric components of machinery (part 1: general requirements); 6. Signalling (auditory danger signals - general requirements, design, testing). (65333)
CIS 95-1882 Earth-moving machinery - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 2: Specific symbols for machines, equipment and accessories. (French: Engins de terrassement - Symboles pour les commandes de l'opérateur et autres indications - Partie 2: Symboles spécifiques aux engins, équipements et accessoires) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92049 Paris-La Défense, France, Aug. 1994. iv, 34p. Illus. (In French) This document, which is part of the series of standards on earth-moving machinery, specifies the symbols used for operator controls and other displays on earth-moving machinery such as those defined in standard NF ISO 6165. The controls and displays mentioned here concern primarily loaders, bulldozers, graders, scrapers, shovels and dumpers, and attachments such as winches and routers. (65334)
CIS 95-1883 Building site equipment - Overhanging work platforms and supports - Definitions - Characteristics - Calculations - Tests. (French: Equipement de chantier - Plates-formes de travail en encorbellement et supports - Définitions - Caractéristiques - Calculs - Essais) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92049 Paris-La Défense, France, Dec. 1994. 46p. Illus. 25 ref. (In French) This document specifies rules applicable to the characteristics, calculations and tests of overhanging work platforms and supports used in the building industry. (65336)
CIS 95-1884 Building site equipment - Individual mobile light platform. (French: Equipement de chantier - Plate-forme individuelle roulante légère) Association française de normalisation (AFNOR), Tour Europe, Cedex 7, 92049 Paris-La Défense, France, Dec. 1994. 13p. Illus. 15 ref. (In French) This standard establishes minimal specifications for individual mobile light platforms used in building site equipment, generally used for work at heights as well as the tests designed to verify their resistance, deformation and stability. (65337)
CIS 95-1885 Microorganism contamination of HVAC humidification systems - Case study. Burkhart J.E., Stanevich R., Kovak B., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Dec. 1993, Vol.8, No.12, p.1010-1014. Illus. 8 ref. (In English) Water samples were collected from humidification system water reservoir pans in a large office building. Air washers and steam injection humidification systems are used in the building. Streptococcus and Pseudomonas were found to be the most predominant microorganisms. Only small quantities of bacteria were found in the steam systems, while water collected from the air wash systems was highly contaminated. Data were also available to test the effectiveness of the cleaning system. A sample collected one day before cleaning had 58,100 colony forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL). Samples collected one and two days after cleaning had 250,200 and 258,160 CFU/mL, respectively. This demonstrates not only that the cleaning process is ineffective biologically but also that it may increase the risk of bioaerosol contamination. Sample concentrations, in colony forming units per millilitre, were found to be quite different depending upon the side of the baffle plates from which the sample was collected. (65462)
CIS 95-1886 Workers' exposure to airborne bacteria and endotoxins at industrial wastewater treatment plants. Laitinen S., Kangas J., Kotimaa M., Liesivuori J., Martikainen P.J., Nevalainen A., Sarantila R., Husman K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1055-1060. Illus. 20 ref. (In English) A study of sewage workers' exposure to airborne culturable bacteria and inhaled endotoxins was performed at nine wastewater treatment plants that treat mainly industrial effluents. Concentrations of airborne endotoxin in different departments varied from below 0.01 to 250ng/m3, and the concentration of airborne bacteria varied from below 1 to 105 colony-forming units/m3. High levels of exposure were related to certain phases of the treatment process; microbiological air contamination was highest near the inlets where incoming wastewater entered the basins, in the sludge treatment area and in the biofilter tower. Measures for reducing exposure are suggested. (65197)
CIS 95-1887 Bioaerosol sampling in field studies: can samples be express mailed?. Thorne P.S., Lange J.L., Bloebaum P., Kullman G.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Nov. 1994, Vol.55, No.11, p.1072-1979. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Bioaerosol sampling for viable microorganisms was conducted in 25 dairy farms in summer and in winter. The effects of sample storage and shipping on concentrations of yeasts, moulds, mesophilic bacteria and thermophilic organisms were examined. Different sampling methods were also evaluated. Results indicate that bioaerosol samples can, under certain circumstances, be reliably collected in the field and shipped on ice overnight to a distant laboratory. Differences in performance of the various sampling methods are discussed. (65200)
CIS 95-1888 Exposure and IgG antibodies to mold spores in wood trimmers - Exposure-response relationships with respiratory symptoms. Eduard W., Sandven P., Levy F., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Jan. 1994, Vol.9, No.1, p.44-48. 23 ref. (In English) Respiratory and febrile symptoms were studied by a self-administered questionnaire and related to serum IgG antibodies to Rhizopus microsporus among 212 wood trimmers from 31 sawmills. Antibody levels to R. microsporus and exposure to mould spores were related to symptoms of the upper and lower respiratory tract and chills. A relationship was found between tight chest and exposure to wood dust, but this was probably due to correlation with exposure to R. microsporus spores. The group mean antibody level to R. microsporus was a better predictor of symptoms than the individual antibody level. Personal exposure to mould spores and wood dust particles was also measured for 107 wood trimmers from 10 sawmills. Relationships were found between group mean exposure levels to mould spores and symptoms of the upper respiratory tract. A relationship was also found between tight chest after handling of mouldy timber and group mean exposure levels to R. microsporus spores. (65458)
CIS 95-1889 Health effects of biological agents - The role of endotoxins. Olenchock S.A., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Jan. 1994, Vol.9, No.1, p.62-64. 38 ref. (In English) Gram-negative bacteria and their endotoxins are commonly found in agricultural settings, yet they can be quantified also in environmental or occupational situations that are considered traditionally to be non-dusty, such as office buildings or libraries. Endotoxins are biologically active agents that can induce respiratory and systemic reactivity after inhalation of airborne dusts which contain relatively small quantities of the toxin. Research studies with strong and compelling results are needed to lead to the prevention of lung disease caused by the inhalation of endotoxins. (65460)
CIS 95-1890 Results of a rubella screening program for hospital employees - A five-year review (1986-1990). Fraser V., Spitznagel E., Medoff G., Dunagan W.C., American Journal of Epidemiology, Nov. 1993, Vol.138, No.9, p.756-764. Illus. 21 ref. (In English) A US hospital employee health service rubella screening programme was evaluated over a five-year period from 1986-1990. A total of 6,115 new employees were screened for evidence of rubella immunity. Rubella serology was performed on 5,893 (96.4%) of the screened employees, while 222 (3.6%) had documentation of prior rubella vaccination or rubella infection. The absence of immunity was identified in 325 employees or 5.3% of all those screened. Logistical regression analysis demonstrated that five-year birth cohorts correlated significantly with serological status. Employees born in 1960-1964 were least likely to be seronegative, and employees born in 1970 or later were most likely to be seronegative. This study demonstrates a lower seronegativity rate than did previous studies. It identifies groups of employees likely to escape rubella screening and low vaccination rates. The increasing seronegativity among those born after 1964 correlates with increasing rates of rubella in the US. (65443)
CIS 95-1891 Comfort and health in air-conditioned buildings: Proposal for a self-administered questionnaire survey to be used by the occupational physician. (French: Confort et santé dans les bâtiments climatisés. Proposition d'un auto-questionnaire à utiliser par le médecin du travail) Squinazi F., Lanfranconi I., Giard A.M., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 1994, No.60, p.341-352. 36 ref. (In French) As more and more time is spent inside air-conditioned buildings, workers expect the quality of inside air to be as good as or better than outside air. Such buildings tend increasingly to be hermetically sealed, i.e. their windows cannot be opened and forced ventilation systems are in use. A number of infectious and allergic conditions have become relatively common in such indoor environments in recent years, often under the name of sick building syndrome. The self-administered questionnaire survey presented here was developed in order to obtain information on the incidence of these conditions. (65289)
CIS 95-1892 Pilot study of health complaints associated with commercial processing of mushroom compost in southeastern Pennsylvania. Cobb N., Sullivan P.S., Etzel R.A., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.13-25. 18 ref. (In English) In response to complaints from local residents, health effects near a large repository for spent mushroom compost were investigated. A questionnaire survey indicated that people living close to the site were more likely than those living further away to report headache, tiredness, eye irritation and sore throat. Local physicians did not report any distinct illness among site neighbours or mushroom workers and objective morbidity was low. There was no evidence of a major health hazard associated with this site. (65182)
CIS 95-1893 Effect of AIDS infection on employment law. (French: Incidence de l'infection par le virus de l'immuno-déficience humaine sur le droit des relations du travail) Conseil supérieur de la prévention des risques professionnels, Documents pour le médecin du travail, 4th Quarter 1994, No.60. p.365-366. (In French) This document deals with legal questions raised by AIDS seropositivity in connection with hiring practices in France (documents that may be required, pre-employment medical examinations, contents of the occupational aptitude card) and with the carrying out of the employment contract (adaptation of the job in line with the health requirements of the worker or transfer to another position, problems in the workplace due to the presence of a seropositive worker, right to refuse dangerous work). The legal situation with respect to laying off or dismissing seropositive workers is also discussed. (65290)
CIS 95-1894 Infectious disease control. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, no date. 11 leaflets (48p.). (In English) These 11 fact sheets describe safe work practices for the control of infectious diseases in a variety of occupations: accident and emergency departments; anaesthetic procedures; clinical laboratories; contract cleaners; dentistry; emergency response workers; midwifery services and obstetric procedures; operating theatres; police; post-mortem procedures; prison officers. They should be read in conjunction with the National Code of Practice for Health Care Workers and Other People at Risk of the Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in the Workplace. (65159)
CIS 95-1895 Musculoskeletal symptoms among electricians. Hunting K.L., Welch L.S, Cuccherini B.A., Seiger L.A., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1994, Vol.25, No.2, p.149-163. Illus. 24 ref. (In English) A questionnaire survey was carried out among 308 apprentice electricians to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms. Low back pain was common among these workers and resulted in medical care, missed work or light duty for almost 35% of participants. Hand/wrist symptoms and neck discomfort were also common. These workers continued to work with symptoms that are classifiable as cumulative trauma disorders. A history of injury was correlated with the subsequent prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms. (65131)
CIS 95-1896 Carpal tunnel syndrome among grocery store workers. Osorio A.M., Ames R.G., Jones J., Castorina J., Rempel D., Estrin W., Thompson D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Feb. 1994, Vol.25, No.2, p.229-245. 31 ref. (In English) A study was carried out among 56 grocery store workers at a large supermarket in California, USA. Forceful and repetitive wrist motion was measured using a job classification scheme, and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) was assessed by means of a medical questionnaire and measurements of median sensory nerve conduction. Overall prevalence of CTS was 23%. The relative risk of CTS-like symptoms between high risk workers (checkers, meat cutters and cake decorators) and all other employees was 8.3%. Basic principles of good ergonomic design should be used to prevent or diminish the risk of musculoskeletal injury among these workers. (65133)
CIS 95-1897 Using ergonomics in the prevention of musculoskeletal cumulative trauma injuries in agriculture: Learning from the mistakes of others. Meyers J., Bloomberg L., Faucett J., Janowitz I., Miles J.A., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.3, p.11-24. 55 ref. (In English) A review is presented of the size and nature of the problem related to musculoskeletal cumulative trauma disorders. Examples of successful control strategies in general industry are described in terms of engineering controls, administrative controls and behavioural controls. The application of ergonomic principles in agriculture is described with specific examples from the nursery industry. Elimination or reduction of ergonomic hazards promises greater success in controlling cumulative musculoskeletal injuries than worker training alone or prescreening. (65312)
CIS 95-1898 Physical workload of lorry drivers: A comparison of four methods of transport. van der Beek A.J., Frings-Dresen M.H.W., Ergonomics, July 1995, Vol.38, No.7, p.1508-1520. 27 ref. (In English) Four groups of lorry drivers transporting goods either on wheeled cages, as packed goods, on pallets or as bulk cargo (reference group), were studied during a complete working day. Working postures were studied by observation and heart rate was also measured. The drivers worked long hours. In general, the highest heart rate was found during loading and unloading. Poor postures of the trunk were observed in drivers lifting packed goods and pallets. It is suggested that the required pulling and pushing forces observed in all but the reference group were largely responsible for the high physical workload during loading and unloading. (65189)
CIS 95-1899 Early intervention for back-injured nurses at a large Canadian tertiary care hospital - An evaluation of the effectiveness and cost benefits of a two-year pilot project. Yassi A., Tate R., Cooper J.E., Snow C., Vallentyne S., Khokhar J.B., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.209-214. 19 ref. (In English) A two-year early intervention programme for back-injuries was introduced among 250 nurses employed in high-risk wards at a large teaching hospital. The programme consisted of prompt assessment, treatment and rehabilitation through modified work. Compared to the two years prior to the introduction of the programme, the rates of back injuries and lost-time back injuries decreased by 23% and 43% respectively; these rates increased among nurses in other wards. Combined medical and compensation expenditure was 32% lower per injury and 34% lower per lost-time injury in the targeted group. The programme was thus successful in terms of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. (65229)
CIS 95-1900 The epidemiology of back injuries at a large Canadian tertiary care hospital - Implications for prevention. Yassi A., Khokhar J., Tate R., Cooper J., Snow C., Vallentyne S., Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1995, Vol.45, No.4, p.215-220. 23 ref. (In English) Data on 416 back injuries among 1645 hospital nurses were analyzed. The rate of injury was highest for those working on orthopaedic, medical, neurological, spinal and surgical wards. Injuries were slightly more common in nurses with less seniority and significantly more common among younger nurses. Almost 63% of injuries occurred during the first two hours of the shift. Lifting and transferring patients with assistance were the two most common mechanisms for injury. Reasons given by injured nurses for the injuries included inadequate training (52.3%) and inadequate staffing (13.8%). The study highlighted priority areas for prevention efforts. (65230)
CIS 95-1901 Lifting belts - A psychophysical analysis. Lavender S.A., Kenyeri R., Ergonomics, Sep. 1995, Vol.38, No.9, p.1723-1727. 14 ref. (In English) Psychophysical lifting tests were carried out on 16 subjects in two sessions, one with a lifting belt and one without the belt. Repeated measures showed no difference between the maximum acceptable weight of lift between sessions or between two tests within a given session. Subjective evaluations of the belt via a questionnaire indicated that the group as a whole did not perceive any change in their fatigue level as a result of the belt. It is concluded that back belts do not offer a biomechanical or motivational advantage to the user. (65276)
CIS 95-1902 Ergonomics and international standards special issue. Parsons K.C., ed., Applied Ergonomics, Aug. 1995, Vol.26, No.4, p.235-302. Bibl.ref. (In English) Papers presented in this special issue: brief review of standards for anthropometry and control room design; history, organizational structure and method of development of international ergonomics standards; standards relating to the design of work systems and to mental workload; proposed international and European standards for manual handling; standards for human-system interaction (visual displays, controls, environmental requirements) and the physical environment (speech communication, danger signals, lighting, vibration, surface temperatures, thermal environment); development of ergonomics standards for software. (65317)
CIS 95-1903 An experimental study of fatigue symptoms and the effects of inserting rest periods in the work schedule of cooks providing school lunch service. (Japanese: Kyūshoku chōri sagyō ni okeru kyūkei jikan sōnyū ni tomonau hirō jikaku shōjō no kaifuku kōka) Koda S., Ogawa T., Kodera R., Oze Y., Aoyama H., Hirô to kyûyô no kagaku, 1 June 1993, Vol.7, No.1, p.51-61. 22 ref. Illus. (In Japanese) In response to reports of dermatitis, neck and arm disorders, finger deformations and low back pain among school lunch staff, the workload of the personnel of a kitchen serving several schools was assessed. Morning work (especially making lunch) was very active and put demands on the neck, arm and back muscles, while in afternoon tasks (especially dishwashing) put heavy static loads on the back. The staff were exposed to excessively hot and cold temperatures during the summer and winter. Introduction of a 30-min pause in the afternoon markedly reduced the fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders experienced by the workers. (65366)
CIS 95-1904 The Strain Index: A proposed method to analyze jobs for risk of distal upper extremity disorders. Moore J.S., Garg A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, May 1995, Vol.56, No.5, p.443-458. Illus. 85 ref. (In English) A job analysis methodology was developed for the analysis of the risk of distal upper extremity disorders (cumulative trauma disorders affecting the upper extremities). It involves the measurement or estimation of 6 task variables (intensity of exertion, duration of exertion per cycle, efforts per minute, wrist posture, exertion speed, duration of task per day). A rating was assigned to each variable based on exposure data, then a multiplier value was assigned to each variable as well. The Strain Index (SI) is the product of these six multipliers. Preliminary testing suggests that the methodology accurately identifies jobs with a risk of distal upper extremity disorders. In appendix: user's guide for the Strain Index. (65376)
CIS 95-1905 Benefits and disadvantages of joint hypermobility among musicians. Larsson L.G., Baum J., Mudholkar G.S., Kollia G.D., New England Journal of Medicine, Oct. 1993, Vol.329, No.15, p.1079-1082. Illus. 23 ref. (In English) Musicians (n=660) were interviewed concerning work-related symptoms such as joint pain and swelling and examined for joint hypermobility. The relation between the mobility of their fingers, thumbs, elbows, knees, and spine and any symptoms referable to these regions were studied. Five of the 96 musicians (5%) with hypermobility of the wrists had pain and stiffness in this region, whereas 100 of the 564 musicians (18%) without such hypermobility had symptoms (p=0.001). Hypermobility of the elbow was associated with symptoms in only one of 208 musicians, whereas seven of 452 (2%) without this hypermobility had symptoms (p=0.45). Among 132 musicians who had hypermobile knees, six (5%) had symptoms, whereas only one of 528 with normal knees had symptoms (p<0.001). Of the 462 musicians who had normal mobility of the spine, 50 (11%) had symptoms involving the back, as compared with 46 of the 198 musicians (23%) who had hypermobility of the spine (p<0.001). (65450)
CIS 95-1906 Ergonomic evaluation of checkstand designs in the retail food industry - A report based on expert assessment. Grant K.A., Habes D.J., Baron S.L., Sweeney M.H., Piacitelli L.A., Putz-Anderson V., Fine L.J., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Nov. 1993, Vol.8, No.11, p.929-936. Illus. 16 ref. (In English) The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is conducting an industry-wide study to evaluate the prevalence and possible causes of musculoskeletal disorders among retail food workers. An objective of this research is to evaluate the relationship between upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) and different checkstand designs. This article describes initial activities to identify ergonomic stressors associated with five common checkstand types found in the US. A panel of ergonomic experts was convened to rate the degree of biomechanical stress placed on specific body areas (neck, shoulders, elbows, hand/wrist, and back) by 13 different checkstand configurations. The panel reviewed cashier work activities recorded on videotape, and design specifications collected during site visits to different grocery stores. The experts agreed that certain checkstand features are more likely to impose substantial biomechanical stresses on cashiers than others. (65456)
CIS 95-1907 Upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in highly repetitive industries: Precise anatomical physical findings. Ranney D., Wells R., Moore A., Ergonomics, July 1995, Vol.38, No.7, p.1408-1423. 32 ref. (In English) Physical assessment of 146 female workers in highly repetitive jobs in five industries found 54% to have evidence of musculoskeletal disorders in the upper limb that were potentially work-related. Many workers had multiple problems and many were affected bilaterally. Muscle pain and tenderness was the largest problem, both in the neck/shoulder area and in the forearm/hand musculature, followed by tendon problems and neuritides. Results suggest that exposure should be measured bilaterally. Muscle tissue is highly vulnerable to overuse; stressors that affect muscle tissue, such as static loading, should be studied in the forearm as well as in the shoulder. (65187)
CIS 95-1908 Raynaud's phenomenon. Dowd P., Lancet, 29 July 1995, Vol.346, No.8970, p.283-290. Illus. 44 ref. (In English) Report of a meeting of physicians and scientists on Raynaud's phenomenon (held in London). Topics discussed include: three case studies of workers diagnosed as having Raynaud's phenomenon; recent advances in vascular control mechanisms; mechanisms of vasodilation; treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon. Discusses how advances in the understanding of blood-flow control have elucidated the pathophysiology of different categories of Raynaud's phenomenon. (65241)
CIS 95-1909 Loads on spinal tissues during simultaneous lifting and ventilatory challenge. McGill S.M., Sharratt M.T., Seguin J.P., Ergonomics, Sep. 1995, vol.38, No.9, p.1772-1792. Illus. 18 ref. (In English) A study was carried out to investigate the load challenge to the lower back when combined with a breathing challenge. Subjects lifted and held large loads and breathed a 10% CO2 gas mixture to elevate breathing. Individual tissue forces were calculated. Results indicated that, for large loads, most subjects relied primarily on the diaphragm to maintain ventilation patterns during challenge to the lower back. However, in some workers, elevated ventilation requirements during the lifting of small loads appeared to constitute increased risk of low back tissue overload. (65277)
CIS 95-1910 3-D evaluation of the biomechanical effects of a lumbosacral orthosis. (French: Evaluation 3D des effets biomécaniques d'une orthèse lombaire) Huynh N.T., Dansereau J., Maurais G., Herrera R., Travail et santé, Sept. 1995, Vol.11, No.3, p.S-18 to S-21. 23 ref. Illus. (In French) The effects of lumbosacral Lumbostab orthosis on intervertebral mobility, spinal global geometry and disc geometrical deformations were investigated with a 3-D reconstruction technique of the lumbar spine. Positions studied were neutral standing, flexion, extension, lift lateral Boeing and lift axial torsion. Results show that the orthosis reduces vertebral mobility mainly at the upper segments whereas it amplified vertebral displacements at the lower levels. Orthosis also had a tendency to reduce disc deformations from L1 to L3 but not from L4 to S1. (65332)
CIS 95-1911 Musculoskeletal and sports injuries. Corrigan B., Maitland G.D., Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, United Kingdom, 1994. v, 237p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-7506-1485-4 (In English) This manual explains the causes of soft tissue lesions with emphasis on sporting injuries. Contents: types of pain in the limbs; direct, indirect and overuse sports injuries; soft tissue lesions and their management; characteristics and diagnosis of injuries to the shoulder, clavicular joints, elbow, wrist, hand, hip, knee, lower leg, ankle joint, foot and temporomandibular joint. This information can be useful in the prevention of occupational accidents involving the musculoskeletal system. (65280)
CIS 95-1912 Stress in rural America. Lovelace O., Journal of Agromedicine, 1995, Vol.2, No.2, p.71-78. 13 ref. (In English) Stress factors identified among the rural population of America are discussed. In a survey of 50 rural residents, financial situation and personal illness were ranked as the most significant sources of stress, while occupational hazards were ranked the least stressful. The mortality rate from accidental death is nearly 40% higher in rural than in urban areas; rural residents have fewer injuries but greater levels of injury disability than urban residents. Problems in the provision of adequate rural health care are discussed. (65185)
CIS 95-1913 Gender differences in fire fighter job stressors and symptoms of stress. Murphy S.A., Beaton R.D., Cain K., Pike K., Women and Health, 1994, Vol.22, No.2, p.55-69. 28 ref. (In English) In a questionnaire survey of 670 male and 41 female fire fighters, males and females reported similar patterns of job stress and symptoms of stress. The job stressors ranked the most 'bothersome' during the last ten shifts worked were sleep disturbance, wage/benefit concerns, job skill concerns, substandard equipment and safety concerns; female fire fighters reported higher scores than males on job skill concerns. Among other stress factors, females reported higher scores on job discrimination and higher rates of depression. (65315)
CIS 95-1914 Job stressors and coping characteristics in work-related disease: Issues of validity. Siegrist J., Peter R., Work and Stress, Apr.-June 1994, Vol.8, No.2, p.130-140. Illus. 27 ref. (In English) A theoretical model of effort-reward imbalance is described and tested. The model assumes that high effort spent at work (work pressure, cumulative workload, need for control) in combination with low reward obtained (status control, esteem, monetary reward) trigger sustained neuro-hormonal activation. In a study of 416 male blue-collar workers, components of effort-reward imbalance were strongly related to new coronary events and to elevated levels of established coronary risk factors as well as to reduced cardiovascular responsiveness. It is concluded that effort-reward imbalance may be an important predictor of coronary risk and disease. (65191)
CIS 95-1915 Work and other factors influencing coronary health and sickness absence. Marmot M., Work and Stress, Apr.-June 1994, Vol.8, No.2, p.191-201. Illus. 15 ref. (In English) Trends in coronary heart disease mortality in various industrialized countries are discussed. In order to investigate the effect on health of occupational and other socioeconomic influences (personality, job status, social status, workplace culture), studies of mortality and sickness absence were carried out on civil servants in the United Kingdom. The lowest risk of coronary heart disease was in administrators and the highest risk in the lower socioeconomic groups; lower-grade workers had less healthy lifestyle habits. Problems in separating the effects of different related characteristics on the health of an individual are discussed. (65192)
CIS 95-1916 Health complaints, social comparisons and absenteeism. Geurts S.A., Buunk B.P., Schaufeli W.B., Work and Stress, July-Sep. 1994, Vol.8, No.3, p.220-234. 52 ref. (In English) Studies of workers in two factories in the Netherlands indicated that employees were more inclined to attribute their health complaints to the work environment if they had frequent communications with their colleagues about problems in the work situation. Also, the more employees experienced health problems and the more they attributed these problems to the work environment, the less well off they felt compared with others outside the company. This unfavourable external comparison resulted in absences, indicating that absence from work can be interpreted as an attempt by the employee to reduce an inequitable relationship with the company. Implications of the results are discussed. (65193)
CIS 95-1917 Family work demands, employment demands and depressive symptoms in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Reisine S., Fifield J., Women and Health, 1995, Vol.22, No.3, p.25-45. 40 ref. (In English) In a survey of 262 women with rheumatoid arthritis respondents reported relatively high levels of psychological demands in both paid and family work, with time constraints being the most frequent problem. Family demands appeared to be more important than paid work demands in psychological well-being; high autonomy in family work seemed to mediate the effects of family demands. Higher social support reduced the effects of work demands on depressive symptoms in employed women. The literature on paid work, family work and health risks in women is reviewed. (65316)
CIS 95-1918 Human factors and safety. Stranks J., Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), Pitman Publishing, 128 Long Acre, London WC2E 9AN, United Kingdom, 1994. iii, 200p. Illus. 62 ref. Index. Price: GBP 16.99., ISBN 0-273-60440-6 (In English) Contents of this manual: introduction to human factors and accident prevention; role of the organization and management style in promoting health and safety; job design and human reliability; personal factors (attitude, motivation, perception, personality, training and the potential for human error); theories of accident causation; workplace communication; health and safety training; ergonomic aspects (design of the working environment, manual handling operations, display screen equipment); causes and effects of stress at work; promoting a health and safety culture. (65274)
CIS 95-1919 Preventing violence to retail staff. Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, P.O. Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS, United Kingdom, 1995. v, 37p. 5 ref. Price: GBP 6.95., ISBN 0-7176-0891-3 (In English) Contents of this guide: the nature of violence, those at risk and causes of violence or aggression; developing a policy statement on how to control risk (staff consultation, identification of the problem, incident reporting, selecting preventative measures and checking that the measures work); preventative measures (workplace design, revision of working procedures, installation of security systems); staff training; networking with other local businesses; post incident support for staff; issues concerning small businesses and working alone; legal aspects. (65208)
CIS 95-1920 Guidance for the protection of premises against terrorist attack. Loss Prevention Council, 140 Aldersgate Street, London EC1A 4HY, United Kingdom, 1994. 4p. 16 ref. Price: GBP 2.50. (In English) This guidance note describes how commercial and industrial organizations should plan to deal with the threat of attack by terrorists. Security measures are outlined (staff vigilance, access control, surveillance, external lighting, protection of existing glazing) along with security by design, contingency plans in case of attack, searching and evacuation, refuges and shelter areas, screening of packages for incendiary devices, use of intrusion detection systems, access control systems and closed circuit television. (65236)
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