CIS 93-701 Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 [New Zealand]. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1992. 40p. (In English)

Internet:
http://www.workinfo.govt.nz/Document.aspx?Doc=hse-consolidated-24-09-03.pdf
http://www.legislation.govt.nz/libraries/contents/om_isapi.dll?
http://www.osh.dol.govt.nz/order/catalogue/pdf/hse-consolidated-23-01-04.pdf

This Act (effective 1 Apr. 1993) is a complete reworking of the New Zealand legislation on safety and health at work. Contents: definitions; duties relating to health and safety in employment (general; relating to hazard management, information, training and supervision); standards (authority to issue Codes of Practice and Regulations); general provisions (accidents: recording, notification, no interference at accident scene, inquiries, coroner's responsibilities after a fatal accident; inspectors and "departmental medical practitioners": functions, powers of entry and inspection, proof of identity, power to take samples etc.; improvement and prohibition notices; appeals; duties in respect of inspectors; offences and penalties; information provided by Accident Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Corporation). In schedules: list of conditions constituting "serious harm" to employees; list of amendments and repeals of existing legislation. Among the Acts and Regulations repealed are those concerning: Mining (CIS 73-280); Factories and Commercial Premises (CIS 88-11), Agricultural Workers (CIS 88-16), Bush Workers (CIS 88-17), Quarries and Tunnels (CIS 88-18), Construction (CIS 88-19), Woodworking Machinery (CIS 90-24). (60111)

CIS 93-702 Safety engineers and other occupational safety specialists [Germany]. (German: Sicherheitsingenieure und andere Fachkräfte für Arbeitssicherheit) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Apr. 1992. 70 + 45p. (In German)

Revised version of this directive addressed to those employers who are obliged to employ occupational safety specialists (updating document abstracted under CIS 89-10); it defines the qualifications of such specialists and presents the insurance associations' tables of time to be spent in safety work as a function of the type of enterprise and number of workers. An appendix gives the text of the law of 1973 on plant physicians, safety engineers and other occupational safety specialists (see CIS 74-1166). A supplement contains commentaries and examples of the calculation of minimal working time for safety specialists. (60024)

CIS 93-703 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Protection of Eyes) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 2p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 20 May 1977 (Pt I) and 7 Oct. 1977 (Pt II), as updated to 1981, and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They oblige employers to provide appropriate eye-protection equipment (eye protectors, shields or fixed shields) to workers engaged in processes presenting a hazard to the eye (whether listed in the schedule or not). The duties of employers and employees in respect of eye-protection equipment are also outlined. In the schedule: list of 14 processes specified as presenting a hazard to the eyes, whether from mechanical injuries, contact with substances injurious to the eyes or use of instruments that produce light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation (i.e. lasers). (60185)

CIS 93-704 Work Health (Occupational Health and Safety) Regulations 1992 [Australia - Northern Territory]. In: Australian Industrial Safety, Health and Welfare, CCH Australia Ltd., CNR Talavera & Khartoum Roads, Box 230, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia, Vol.3, 44p. (pages numbered 85,162 - 85,473). (In English)

Internet:
http://notes.nt.gov.au/dcm/legislat/legislat.nsf/d989974724db65b1482561cf0017cbd…
   …2/10a1bf547f11038f69256dea0019a05f?OpenDocument

Regulations made on 18.12.1992, gazetted on 24.12.1993 and issued under the authority of the Work Health Act 1986 (see CIS 92-1751). They cover: definitions; responsibilities; licences; notification of certain kinds of work; approved agencies (trainers, assessors, inspectors); general obligations (in relation to workplace hazards; notification of accidents and occurrences); workplaces (work areas, work environment, work practices, electrical safety, hazardous substances, ventilation, personal protective equipment); plants (manufacture, installation, use, guarding); designated plant (design verification and registration, registration, use); specific plant (pressure equipment, cranes and hoists, lifts and escalators, amusement structures, industrial trucks, various kinds of dangerous equipment, portable ladders, lasers, scaffolds); construction safety; specific work processes (abrasive blasting, asbestos, spray painting, underwater work). Detailed schedules. (60242)

CIS 93-705 Compendium of legislation - Occupational safety, hygiene and health: Community instruments and Portuguese legislation. (Portuguese: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho: Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa) Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992. vii, 248 + 71p. Illus. (In Portuguese)

Compendium of safety and health legislation applicable in Portugal. Following a synoptic table demonstrating the relationship between EEC instruments and the corresponding Portuguese legislation, part I of this volume contains the Portuguese-language texts of EEC instruments relating to OSH: 4 Resolutions and Action Programmes, 4 Decisions, 29 Directives (1 of the Commission, 23 of the Council and 5 of Euratom) and 3 Commission Recommendations. Part II contains the full text of 15 Portuguese laws and regulations that transpose EEC Directives into national legal practice. Sixteen Portuguese laws and regulations related to some issues raised in EEC instruments are also listed, without being reproduced in full. (60295)

CIS 93-706 First aid - Enforcement rules of regulation VBG 109 [Germany]. (German: Erste Hilfe - Durchführungsanweisungen zur VBG 109) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Apr. 1990. 8p. (In German)

Revised version of the enforcement rules of the safety regulation applying to first aid. For the regulation which came into force in 1979 and which is still valid, see CIS 79-1767. (60025)

CIS 93-707 Construction Sites (Safety) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1983. 58p. Price: HKD 22.50. (In English)

Regulations effective 21 July 1978 (updated to 1983) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). Contents: definitions; use of lifting appliances; chains, ropes and lifting gear; hoists; carrying of persons and securing of loads; scaffolds, platforms and ladders; excavation on construction sites; miscellaneous safety requirements; notification of construction work; first-aid facilities and training; welfare facilities; keeping of records; offences and penalties. In schedules: official forms (in English and Chinese); contents of first-aid boxes and cupboards. (60243)

CIS 93-708 Welding, cutting and similar operations [Germany]. (German: Schweissen, Schneiden und verwandte Arbeitsverfahren) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Apr. 1990. 31 + 48p. Illus. (In German)

Revised version of these safety regulations (updating document abstracted under CIS 78-1119) applying to welding, cutting, brazing, heating, hardening, metallising and other metalworking processes involving the use of gas/oxygen or gas/compressed air mixtures, to similar processes using electric power, and to thermit welding. General provisions respecting minimum age for admission to employment, employment of women, personal protective equipment, ventilation, work in confined spaces, fire and explosion hazards, hazardous work in or on tanks. Special provisions concerning gas and oxygen installations and gas welding, arc welding materials and operations, safe working methods for resistance welding, welding under water or in compressed air, and safety measures for thermit welding. Annex: information sheet on the prevention of acetylene container explosions, more detailed rules for application of the regulations, and comments. (60023)

CIS 93-709 Dry cleaning [Germany]. (German: Chemischreinigung) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, 1989. 16 + 19p. (In German)

Revised version of the safety regulations for dry cleaning installations in Germany. Update of document abstracted under CIS 87-30. (60029)

CIS 93-710 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Safety Officers and Safety Supervisors) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 13p. Price: HKD 22.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 1 Dec. 1986 (in part) and 1 Dec. 1987 and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern the qualifications, registers and registration of safety officers for construction sites. The duties of safety officers and safety supervisors are also outlined. In the schedules: list of qualifications for registration as a safety officer; numbers of safety officers and safety supervisors, depending on the kind of proprietor of the construction site concerned; sample application forms for registration as a safety officer; sample reports (check lists) to be submitted to the proprietor by safety officers and safety supervisors employed at construction sites. (60181)

CIS 93-711 Oxygen [Germany]. (German: Sauerstoff) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, 1989. 22 + 25p. (In German)

These safety regulations apply to the installation, use and maintenance of all types of oxygen-carrying systems (compressors, rotary pumps for liquefied oxygen, oxygen piping, etc.). (60021)

CIS 93-712 Abrasive blasting agents - Enforcement rules of regulation VBG 48 [Germany]. (German: Strahlmittel - Durchführungsanweisungen zur VBG 48) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Apr. 1990. 11p. (In German)

Revised version of the enforcement rules of the 1986 safety regulations applying to the use of non-silicogenous abrasive blasting agents in Germany. For the regulations, which came into force in 1986 and which are still valid, see CIS 87-33. (60027)

CIS 93-713 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Asbestos) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 5p. Price: HKD 14.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 1 Aug. 1986 (updated to 1989) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). It concerns the following safety and health precautions to be implemented in workplaces where asbestos processes are used: installation of exhaust ventilation; maintenance of cleanliness of plant and premises; provision of respiratory protective equipment and protective clothing; appropriate storage and distribution of asbestos and asbestos waste (including marking of receptacles in English and Chinese); miscellaneous (prohibition of the employment of young persons, medical examinations of exposed workers, prohibition of spraying of asbestos, prohibition of the use of crocidolite and amosite). (60182)

CIS 93-714 Decree No.273/89 of 21 Aug. 1989, approving measures taken for the protection of the health of workers against the risks of exposure to vinyl chloride monomer in the workplace [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Aprova o regime de protecção da saúde dos trabalhadores contra os riscos de exposição ao cloreto de vinilo monómero nos locais de trabalho) In: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho - Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa, Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992, p.LP 27-31. (In Portuguese)

This decree is issued in accordance with provisions of Decree 479/85 concerning carcinogens (see CIS 87-735). It also implements in Portuguese legislation Directive 78/610/EEC (see CIS 78-1376) concerning vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). The Decree concerns: general safety measures; exposure evaluation; determination of concentration; what to do when the technical exposure limit is exceeded; repair and conservation of equipment in contact with VCM; emergency situations; medical surveillance of workers exposed to VCM; warning signs; hygienic measures; personal protection; welfare and hygiene facilities; information of workers; keeping and consultation of records. In annex: conversion factors of exposure limits (defined in function of time, from 3ppm over a period of a year to 8ppm over 1h) to short-term technical exposure limits; guidance for the medical surveillance of workers exposed to VCM. Revoked effective on 24.4.2003. (60296)

CIS 93-715 Decree No.274/89 of 21 Aug. 1989, establishing various measures of protection of the health of workers against the risks of exposure to lead [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Estabelece diversas medidas de protecção da saúde dos trabalhadores contra os riscos de exposição ao chumbo) In: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho - Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa, Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992, p.LP 32-38. (In Portuguese)

This decree implements in Portuguese legislation Directive 82/605/EEC (see CIS 83-1783) concerning exposure to lead and its ionic compounds in the workplace. It concerns: general concepts and definitions; general safety measures; exposure evaluation; determination of lead concentration in air; what to do when the action level, the exposure limit and the biological limit are exceeded; incidents and emergency situations; medical surveillance of workers exposed to lead; hygienic measures; personal protection; welfare and hygiene facilities; information of workers; keeping and consultation of records. In annex: indicative list of activities where exposure to lead occurs; basic requirements of equipment used for sampling and for the determination of lead concentration in air; abbreviations of determination methods for biological indicators. (60297)

CIS 93-716 Decree No.284/89 of 24 Aug. 1989, approving measures taken for the protection of the health of workers against the risks of exposure to asbestos in the workplace; Regulation No.1057/89 of 7 Dec. 1989 relative to Decree No.284/89 [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Aprova o regime de protecção da saúde dos trabalhadores contra os riscos de exposição ao amianto nos locais de trabalho; Regulamenta o Decreto-Lei n°284/89 ...) In: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho - Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa, Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992, p.LP 39-50. Illus. (In Portuguese)

The Decree is issued in accordance with provisions of Decree 479/85 concerning carcinogens (see CIS 87-735). It also implements in Portuguese legislation Directive 83/477/EEC (see CIS 84-327) concerning exposure to asbestos. It concerns: general concepts and definitions; notification of work where exposure to asbestos is possible; general safety measures; exposure evaluation; determination of asbestos concentration in air; what to do when the action level or the exposure limit is exceeded; prohibitions (spraying; crocidolite except when authorised); asbestos-containing waste; demolition; medical surveillance of workers exposed to asbestos; hygienic measures; personal protection; welfare and hygiene facilities; information of workers; keeping and consultation of records. In annex: reference method for the measurement of asbestos concentration in air. The Regulation is concerned with: obligatory nature of notification; elements to be indicated on the notification form; confidentiality. In annex: sample notification forms. (60298)

CIS 93-717 Decree No.275/91 of 7 July 1991, regulating particular measures of prevention and of the protection of the health of workers against the risks of exposure to certain chemical substances [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Regulamenta as medidas especiais de prevenção e protecção da saúde dos trabalhadores contra os riscos de exposição a algumas substâncias químicas) In: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho - Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa, Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992, p.LP 51-52. (In Portuguese)

This Decree is issued in accordance with provisions of Decree 479/85 concerning carcinogens (see CIS 87-735). It also implements in Portuguese legislation Directive 88/364/EEC (see CIS 90-1423) concerning the protection of workers through the prohibition of certain specific agents and activities. The Decree prohibits, except for specific derogations, the production and use of the following carcinogens: 2-naphthylamine and its salts; 4-aminobiphenyl and its salts; benzidine and its salts; 4-nitrobiphenyl. Even in cases of derogation, protective measures are obligatory, and previous authorisation by the competent authority is needed. Potentially exposed workers must be informed of the hazards they face. (60299)

CIS 93-718 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Fire Precautions in Notifiable Workplaces) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 4p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 10 July 1981 (updated to 1989) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern: fire precaution aspects of doors; maintenance of fire escapes; means of fire fighting; rules regarding smoking, alterations and additions to workplaces, storage of inflammable substances, sources of ignition and the prevention of escape of vapours; powers of the Commissioner concerning fire precautions; offences. (60184)

CIS 93-719 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Spraying of Flammable Liquids) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 4p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 1 July 1976 (updated to 1991) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern safe working methods during the spraying of flammable liquids (i.e. those with a flashpoint > 32°C). The Regulations cover: duties of proprietors (construction of spraying room or spraying area, ventilation, sources of ignition and prohibition of smoking, notices to be displayed in English and Chinese, electrical equipment, provision of fire-extinguishing appliances, storage of flammable liquid, cleanliness, disposal of cotton waste); duties of employees (removal of contaminated material, duty to comply with regulations, duty to report defects); offences and penalties. In the schedule: type and quantity of fire extinguishing appliances, as required by the Regulations. (60189)

CIS 93-720 Royal Decree 952/1990 of 29 June 1990 modifying the annexes and completing the provisions of Royal Decree No.886/1988 of 15 July 1988 concerning the prevention of major accidents in certain industrial activities [Spain]. (Spanish: R.D. 952/1990 de 29 de junio, por el que se modifican los anexos y se completan las disposiciones del Real Decreto 886/1988, de 15 de julio, sobre prevención de accidentes mayores en determinadas actividades industriales) In: Legislación española sobre accidents mayores de origen químico, Dirección General de Protección Civil, Madrid, Spain (ISBN 84-86800-41-2), 1991, p.31-39. Also in: Boletín Oficial del Estado, 21 July 1990, No.174, p.21322-21324. (In Spanish)

This Decree complements the provisions of R.D. 886/1988 (CIS 89-34), taking into account subsequent modifications of EEC Directive 82/501 (i.e. 87/216/EEC, see CIS 90-378, and 88/610/EEC, see CIS 91-24). The Decree adds the category of oxidising substances to Appendix IV of R.D. 886/1988. In annex: addition of 19 substances to the list of dangerous substances for which threshold quantities are established for purposes of storage; threshold quantities for dangerous substances not listed individually in the previous annex and classified as very toxic, toxic, oxidising, explosive, easily flammable and extremely flammable; changes in the threshold quantities listed given in R.D. 886/1988; information that would facilitate to the public the application of the Decree. (60245)

CIS 93-721 Basic Directive for the elaboration and homologation of Special Plans in the chemical industry [Spain]. (Spanish: Directriz básica para la elaboración y homologación de los Planes Especiales del sector químico) In: Legislación española sobre accidents mayores de origen químico, Dirección General de Protección Civil, Madrid, Spain (ISBN 84-86800-41-2), 1991, p.41-117. (In Spanish)

This Directive was issued in order to provide for the technical implementation of Royal Decree 886/1988 (see CIS 89-34), as modified by R.D. 952/1990 (see CIS 93-720). Contents: definitions; concepts of risk, damage and vulnerability in the chemical industry; compulsory information to be included in emergency plans (for External Emergency Plans, for Safety Studies and for Quantitative Risk Analysis); internal protection in the chemical industry; External Emergency Plans (basics, criteria, homologation, implementation, maintenance of operability, revision). In appendix: details on various aspects of emergency plans; glossary. The Directive is preceded by the Resolution of 30.1.1991 of the Ministry of Interior publishing the Approval of the Council of Ministers of the Directive. (60246)

CIS 93-722 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Electricity) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 7p. Price: HKD 14.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 1 Dec. 1982 (updated to 1990) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). It applies to all industrial undertakings where electricity is generated, transformed, transmitted or used, with the exception of the supply of electricity in accordance with the Electricity Ordinance and the use of electricity for the purposes of moving transport vehicles. Aspects treated by the Regulations are: general safety requirements relating to electricity; switches, conductors and electric motors; switchboards and switchboard apparatus; protective equipment, lighting and special risks; substations; duties, offences and penalties. (60183)

CIS 93-723 Noise [Germany]. (German: Lärm) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Jan. 1990. 15 + 15p. (In German)

Revised version of these regulations applying to enterprises where workers are exposed to noise (updating document abstracted under CIS 85-64). Contents: responsibilities of employers for the reduction of noise, provision of hearing protectors, elimination of accident risks due to noise, warning signs for noisy areas, work restrictions. (60030)

CIS 93-724 Decree No.72/92 of 28 Apr. 1992, establishing the general framework for the protection of workers against the risks of exposure to noise at work; Regulation No.9/92 of 28 Apr. 1992 relative to Decree No.72/92 [Portugal]. (Portuguese: Estabelece o quadro geral de protecção dos trabalhadores contra os riscos decorrentes da exposição ao ruído durante o trabalho; Regulamenta o Decreto-Lei n°72/92 ...) In: Colectânea de Legislação - Segurança, higiene e saúde no trabalho - Instrumentos comunitários e legislação portuguesa, Serviço de Informação Científica e Técnica (SICT), Ministério do Emprego e da Segurança Social (MESS), Lisboa, Portugal, May 1992, p.LP 61-71. (In Portuguese)

The Decree modifies provisions of Decree 251/87 concerning noise (see CIS 90-1090) and it implements in Portuguese legislation Directive 86/188/EEC (see CIS 87-45) concerning exposure to noise at work. It essentially establishes the framework for the introduction of the Regulation. The Regulation concerns: general concepts and definitions (particularly of noise levels); general safety and health measures; evaluation of daily noise exposure; what to do when the action level and the exposure limit are exceeded; medical and audiometric surveillance of workers exposed to noise; hearing protection; noise emitted by work equipment; information and training of workers; keeping and consultation of records. In annex: noise measurement (methods and instruments); criteria for the selection and use of hearing protectors; indicative list of measures for the reduction of noise exposure at work. (60300)

CIS 93-725 Compressors [Germany]. (German: Verdichter) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, 1992. 20 + 29p. (In German)

Revised version of these safety regulations (updating the document abstracted under CIS 89-51), which apply to all types of compressors (reciprocating, turbocompressors, and vacuum pumps), contain sections devoted to: construction, equipment and use of compressors (especially marking, pressure limiting, and pressure measurement); oil-lubricated compressors and compressors for flammable, harmful and unstable gases. A supplementary booklet contains more detailed rules and commentaries for the application of these regulations. (60022)

CIS 93-726 Use of explosive-actuated tools [Germany]. (German: Arbeiten mit Schussapparaten) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, 1 Apr. 1990. 15 + 10p. (In German)

Revised version of these safety rules (updating document abstracted under CIS 83-1223) applying to work with fastening guns, joining tools, slaughtering guns, rope launchers, and industrial cannons. General provisions apply to marking, use, user qualifications, loading, maintenance, inspection and testing. Additional provisions apply to the use of particular tools (protective devices, handling of the tool, position of the operator). In annex: rules of application and comments. (60026)

CIS 93-727 Apparatus for heating, flaming and melting apparatus used in the construction industry [Germany]. (German: Heiz-, Flämm- und Schmelzgeräte für Bau- und Montagearbeiten) Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburger Strasse 449, D-W-5000 Köln 41, Germany, Oct. 1992. 22 + 12p. (In German)

Revised version of safety regulations (updating document abstracted under CIS 87-372) applying to heating, flaming and melting apparatus used in the construction industry. (60028)

CIS 93-728 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Cartridge-Operated Fixing Tools) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 3p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 1 July 1977 (updated to 1989) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern the operation of instruments designed and used for driving pins into structural material, the driving force being derived from a cartridge. (60186)

CIS 93-729 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Guarding and Operation of Machinery) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 4p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective on 1 Apr. 1977 (updated to 1985) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). It concerns: guarding of dangerous parts; methods of guarding; provision of an opening in fixed guards for the insertion and withdrawal of materials from machinery or plant; conditions for young persons working with machinery; starting and stopping devices; emergency stopping devices; stock-bars; belts and pulleys; responsibilities of proprietors, employees and others; offences. In schedules: list of dangerous parts of machinery or plant; parts of machinery or plant to which these regulations do not apply; dimensions etc. of openings in fixed guards; machines not to be operated by untrained/unsupervised young persons. (60187)

CIS 93-730 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Goods Lifts) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 3p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 2 Sep. 1976 (updated to 1981) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern: annual safety examinations of lifts and carrying out of repairs if necessary; registers of examinations; enclosure of liftways; lighting, stopping and prevention of overrunning; prevention of overloading and of the carriage of persons; obligations to report defects; offences. In the schedule: sample register form (in English and Chinese) to report examinations. (60188)

CIS 93-731 Factories and Industrial Undertakings (Cargo Handling) Regulations [Hong Kong]. Government Printer, Hong Kong, 1991. 4p. Price: HKD 10.00. (In English)

Regulations effective 21 July 1978 (updated to 1991) and issued under the authority of the 1955 Factories and Industrial Undertakings Ordinance (see CIS 89-6). They concern safety requirements during the loading, unloading and handling of goods at a dock, quay or wharf. The requirements include: safe access to all working places; provisions for rescue from drowning; proper lighting; safe electrical equipment; maintenance and safe use of fork-lift trucks; safe stacking and unstacking of cargo or goods. A separate part deals with the provision of first aid facilities and with the training of workers in first aid. In the schedule: list of first aid equipment to be kept in a first aid box or cupboard. (60190)

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CIS 93-732 International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC) - Japanese edition. (Japanese: Kokusai kagaku-busshitsu anzen-sei kādo) Kagaku-kōgyō nippōsha, Chūō-ku, Nihonbashi Hama-chō 3-16-8, 103 Tōkyō, Japan, 1992. xv, 1064p. Indexes. Price: JPY 30,000., ISBN 4-87326-109-0 (In Japanese)

This compendium of chemical data sheets contains the Japanese translations of 497 international chemical safety cards (ICSCs) prepared jointly by IPCS and the EEC (series 1-5 plus additional cards). ICSCs summarise essential health and safety information on chemicals, using a pre-selected set of standard phrases. ICSC sections include: chemical identification (name in Japanese and English; CAS, RTECS and ICSC no.; synonyms; chemical formula; molecular weight); hazards; spillage and disposal; storage; packaging, labelling and transport; summary of important data (including exposure limits in various jurisdictions, if any); physical properties; environmental data. In annex: list of the standard phrases used, in English and Japanese. Indexes by Japanese and English names, and by CAS and ICSC number. (60311)

CIS 93-733 Acetaldehyde. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 8p. 15 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation and burning of eyes and nose; corneal damage; erythema; irritation of skin, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract; conjunctivitis, blurred vision and light sensitivity; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); narcotic effects; pulmonary oedema; dermatitis; chemical burns. Effects of long-term exposure: dermatitis; may cause heart and kidney damage, embryotoxic and teratogenic effects; possible human carcinogen. (60312)

CIS 93-734 Acetic acid. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; delayed effects; severe irritation of eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract and skin; bronchitis; pulmonary oedema; dyspnoea; skin burns and blisters; eye contact with concentrated solutions causes light sensitivity and corneal opacities. Effects of long-term exposure: chronic bronchitis; dental erosion. (60313)

CIS 93-735 Acetic anhydride. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 16 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; corrosive to tissues; severe irritation of eyes, skin and mucous membranes; pulmonary oedema; eye contact causes corneal burns, cataracts, light sensitivity and visual impairment; skin contact causes corrosion, burns and blisters. Effects of long-term exposure: conjunctivitis; pulmonary oedema; skin sensitivity. (60314)

CIS 93-736 Acetonitrile. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 11 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes, mucous membranes, skin and upper respiratory tract; methaemoglobinaemia. (60315)

CIS 93-737 Acetylene tetrabromide. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 16 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Synonym: 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane. Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes, nose and upper respiratory tract; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); jaundice; corneal injury. Effects of long-term exposure: can cause liver, kidney and lung damage. (60316)

CIS 93-738 Acrolein. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 8p. 19 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Acrolein is a powerful lacrimating agent and severe tissue irritant. Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; severe irritation or corrosion of eyes, nose, throat and lungs; delayed-onset pulmonary injury and depressed pulmonary function; asthma; pulmonary oedema; corneal burns and blindness; skin burns and blisters. Effects of long-term exposure: skin sensitisation; eczema. (60317)

CIS 93-739 Acrylamide. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 17 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Effects of long-term exposure: irritation; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); possible human carcinogen. (60318)

CIS 93-740 Allyl alcohol. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 14 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of eyes, nose, upper respiratory tract and skin; pulmonary oedema; skin burns and corrosion; muscle pain; transient corneal injuries, blurred vision and light sensitivity; poisoning. Effects of long-term exposure: may exacerbate chronic respiratory, liver and kidney disease. (60319)

CIS 93-741 Allyl chloride. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 15 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; delayed effects; irritation of skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract; conjunctivitis, corneal burns and light sensitivity; pulmonary oedema. Effects of long-term exposure: irritation of tissues; light sensitivity; deep bone or muscle pain; liver and kidney damage; neurotoxic effects. (60320)

CIS 93-742 2-Aminopyridine. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin; convulsions. (60321)

CIS 93-743 Ammonia. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 16 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; blindness; dyspnoea; hypoxia; chemical pneumonitis; burns; direct contact with liquid anhydrous ammonia can cause frostbite and corrosion of the eyes and skin. Effects of long-term exposure: irritation of the eyes, nose and upper respiratory tract. (60322)

CIS 93-744 Ammonium sulfamate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the eyes, skin and mucous membranes; respiratory stimulation. (60323)

CIS 93-745 n-Amyl acetate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat; narcosis; pulmonary oedema. Effects of long-term exposure: defatting of the skin; eczema. (60324)

CIS 93-746 sec-Amyl acetate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 14 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the skin, eyes, nose, throat and upper respiratory tract; dermatitis; narcosis. Effects of long-term exposure: defatting of the skin; dermatitis. (60325)

CIS 93-747 Aniline. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 16 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; delayed effects; haemolytic anaemia; jaundice; hypoxia. Effects of long-term exposure: anaemia; gastrointestinal disturbances; possible increased risk of bladder cancer. (60326)

CIS 93-748 Anisidine (o-, p-isomers). US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 10 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; methaemoglobinaemia. Effects of long-term exposure: anaemia; methaemoglobinaemia; dermatitis; skin sensitisation; may cause cancer in humans. (60327)

CIS 93-749 ANTU. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 15 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Synonym: 1-naphthylthiourea. Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; pulmonary oedema; pneumonitis; irritation of the skin and eyes. Effects of long-term exposure: symptoms of bladder cancer; hypothyroidism; eczema. (60328)

CIS 93-750 Azinphos-methyl. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Synonym: guthion. Effects of short-term and long-term exposure: skin absorption; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); cholinesterase inhibition; hypoxia; paralysis. (60329)

CIS 93-751 Benzoyl peroxide. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. Effects of long-term exposure: dermatitis; skin sensitisation. (60330)

CIS 93-752 Benzyl chloride. (Spanish: Cloruro de bencilo) Noticias de seguridad, June 1992. Vol.54, No.6. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: dermatitis; skin sensitisation; corneal damage; lung diseases; hepatic disorders; leukopenia; serum protein changes; may cause lung cancer. (60331)

CIS 93-753 Boron oxide. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 10 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes and respiratory tract. (60332)

CIS 93-754 Boron trifluoride. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: severe irritation or burns of skin, eyes, nose and lungs, respiratory impairment; frostbite; gastrointestinal diseases; hypoxia; convulsions; stenosis; renal damage; cirrhosis. Effects of long-term exposure: osteosclerosis; anaemia; respiratory impairment. (60333)

CIS 93-755 Bromine. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 18 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: corrosion of eyes, skin, mucous membranes and respiratory tract; pulmonary oedema; bronchopneumonia; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); stenosis. Effects of long-term exposure: dermatitis; thyroid, cardiovascular and digestive disorders. (60334)

CIS 93-756 Bromoform. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Synonym: tribromomethane. Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of eyes and respiratory tract; skin burns; convulsions; narcotic effects; pulmonary oedema. (60335)

CIS 93-757 Butadiene (1,3-butadiene). US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 17 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract and skin; skin burns or frostbite. Effects of long-term exposure: dermatitis; potential human carcinogen. (60336)

CIS 93-758 2-Butoxyethanol. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 20 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Synonym: butyl cellosolve. Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of skin, eyes and upper respiratory tract; narcotic effects. Effects of long-term exposure: dermatitis; haematuria. (60337)

CIS 93-759 n-Butyl acetate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 12 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes, nose, respiratory tract and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); hepatotoxic effects. Effects of long-term exposure: eye irritation; dermatitis. (60338)

CIS 93-760 sec-Butyl acetate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 9 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes and upper respiratory tract; defatting and cracking of the skin; narcotic effects; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). Effects of long-term exposure: increased severity of short-term dermal effects. (60339)

CIS 93-761 tert-Butyl acetate. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 6p. 9 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory tract; narcotic effects. Effects of long-term exposure: increased severity of short-term dermal effects. (60340)

CIS 93-762 n-Butyl alcohol. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Division of Standards Development and Technology Transfer, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, 1992. 7p. 13 ref. (In English)

Chemical safety information sheet taken from the newly revised edition of the NIOSH publication "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards". Effects of short-term exposure: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes, skin and upper respiratory tract; narcotic effects. Effects of long-term exposure: light sensitivity; corneal damage; defatting of the skin; eczema; may increase extent of hearing loss among workers exposed to both noise and n-butyl alcohol. (60341)

CIS 93-763 Chloropicrin. (Spanish: Cloropicrina) Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 1993, Vol.55, No.3. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; sensitisation; severe irritation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract; respiratory diseases (pulmonary oedema). (60342)

CIS 93-764 Dinitrophenol. Loss Prevention News, Oct.-Dec. 1992, Vol.14, No.4, p.19-20. (In English)

Fire safety data sheet prepared by the Loss Prevention Association of India, Warden House, Sir P.M. Road, Bombay 400 001, India. Health hazards: skin absorption; irritation of the eyes and skin; corneal damage; cataracts; skin sensitisation; dermatitis; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); may affect the liver and kidneys. (60343)

CIS 93-765 Endrin. (Spanish: Endrina) Noticias de seguridad, Mar. 1993, Vol.55, No.3. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: skin absorption; delayed effects; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); convulsions; gastrointestinal disorders. (60344)

CIS 93-766 Ethyl mercaptan. (Spanish: Etil mercaptán) Noticias de seguridad, June 1992, Vol.54, No.6. 5p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Synonym: ethanethiol. Health hazards: irritation of the mucous membranes; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); may affect the liver, cardiovascular system and haematopoietic system. (60345)

CIS 93-767 Ethyl nitrate. Loss Prevention News, Oct.-Dec. 1992, Vol.14, No.4, p.21-22. (In English)

Fire safety data sheet prepared by the Loss Prevention Association of India, Warden House, Sir P.M. Road, Bombay 400 001, India. Health hazards: skin absorption; irritation of the skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); gastrointestinal disorders. (60346)

CIS 93-768 Mineral oil mist. (Spanish: Niebla de aceite mineral) Noticias de seguridad, July 1991, Vol.53, No.7. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the respiratory tract and skin; respiratory diseases (lung diseases); dermatitis. (60347)

CIS 93-769 Propylene oxide. (Spanish: Oxido de propileno) Noticias de seguridad, Aug. 1992, Vol.54, No.8. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 08731, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract; corrosive to the eyes and skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system). (60348)

CIS 93-770 Tetranitromethane. (Spanish: Tetranitrometano) Noticias de seguridad, July 1992, Vol.54, No.7. 4p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: irritation of the eyes, skin, upper respiratory tract and lungs; corrosive to the skin; neurotoxic effects (central nervous system); methaemoglobinaemia. (60349)

CIS 93-771 Zinc oxide fumes. (Spanish: Humo del óxido de cinc) Noticias de seguridad, July 1992, Vol.54, No.7. 3p. Insert. (In Spanish)

Chemical safety data sheet published by the Consejo Interamericano de Seguridad, 33 Park Place, Englewood, NJ 07631, USA. Health hazards: delayed effects; irritation of the throat and upper respiratory tract; respiratory diseases; metal fume fever; leukocytoses. (60350)

[ Top of page ]

CIS 93-772 The ABC's of training, development and education. King J., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 18p. (In English)

Training programmes offered by the Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario (MAPAO) are briefly reviewed and the role of the Education Services department of MAPAO is described. Future trends in training in the Ontario mining industry are discussed. (60102)

CIS 93-773 Supervision's role in accident prevention. Bilodeau M., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 6p. (In English)

The role and responsibilities of supervisory staff in accident investigations are outlined in this training manual. (60103)

CIS 93-774 Induction training. Industrial Accident Prevention Association, 250 Yonge Street, 28th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2N4, Canada, 1990. 6p. 4 ref. Price: CAD 1.15 (IAPA members), CAD 2.35 (non-members). (In English)

In this guidance note, the benefits of induction training are described and the three stages of a training programme (general training, job-specific training and follow-up and evaluation) are outlined, along with the responsibilities of managers and supervisors. Relevant legislation is outlined and a checklist of items to be included in an induction programme is included. (60152)

CIS 93-775 Information products and services - Catalogue 1993. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1993. 39p. Illus. (In English)

Catalogue of occupational safety and health related publications and videotapes available from the New Zealand national OSH organisation. Main categories, further subdivided by type of risk or occupation, are: booklets and pamphlets; information sheets; education and training resources; posters; videotapes. Most of the videotapes are from outside New Zealand (Australia, United Kingdom, USA). (60354)

CIS 93-776 Millbank health and safety video catalogue 1993-4. Longman Training, Longman House, Burnt Mill Harlow, Essex CM20 2JE, United Kingdom, 1993. 66p. Illus. Index. (In English)

Annotated catalogue of 99 occupational safety and health related videotapes available for sale or hire from a British company. The videotapes are classified by main subject area. In addition to projection length, prices and a summary, the learning areas covered and the target audience of each videotape are presented. Addresses of distributors outside the United Kingdom. (60359)

CIS 93-777 Safety + Health = Good Business: Managing safety and health in the New Zealand manufacturing and construction industries. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1992. Videotape (VHS PAL; Length: 22min). (In English)

Two entertaining videos (11min each) showing how a manufacturing and a construction firm apply the principles of the New Zealand Health and Safety in Employment Act of 1992 (see CIS 93-701). (60361)

CIS 93-778 Unit: Risk assessment and control - Module: Risk assessment methodology. Raafat H., Occupational Health and Safety, Portsmouth Polytechnic, Lion Gate Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth PO1 3HF, United Kingdom, 1990. 159p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 1-869959-43-4 (In English)

Training module designed for home study. It includes many practical exercises with answers. There are eight segments: risk acceptability; hazard analysis and risk assessment; failure modes and effects analysis; fault tree analysis; event tree analysis; case studies; design and reliability of protective systems; quantification of human reliability. (60368)

CIS 93-779 Asthma in the workplace. Bernstein I.L., Chan-Yeung M., Malo J.L., Bernstein D.I., Marcel Dekker Inc., 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA, 1993. xvi, 655p. Index. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: USD 185.00., ISBN 0-8247-8799-4 (In English)

This textbook is organised into three main sections: Section I covers general considerations including historical background, epidemiology, pathophysiology and basic guidelines for evaluation, detection and prevention of occupational asthma, along with medico-legal aspects, assessment of disability and surveillance; Section II provides detailed information on specific disease entities covering a variety of aetiological agents; Section III contains several compendia including a comprehensive list of the major protein and chemical inducers of occupational asthma, the chief industries in which they occur and other relevant immunological and physiological data. (60171)

CIS 93-780 Checkmate...? - A film about brain damage and rehabilitation. Frandsen N., Frandsen, Amalievej 3, 1875 Frederiksberg C, Denmark, 1992. Videotape (46min) + brochures. 12p. (In Danish, English, German)

Videotape about two Danish workers suffering from brain damage induced by exposure to chemicals in the workplace (turpentine and other organic solvents in one case, agricultural chemicals sprayed in a greenhouse in the other). The circumstances of exposure, the recognition of the condition and the rehabilitation of the victims are discussed. (60352)

CIS 93-781 Occupational cancer. Davis W., Vainio H., African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, 1992, Vol.2, Suppl.1, i, 75p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Special issue devoted to occupational cancer in Africa. It reproduces some of the papers presented at the International Course on Detection of Health Hazards in Human Populations Exposed to Chemical Mutagens and Carcinogens held in Harare (Zimbabwe), 9-20 Sep. 1991. The papers concern: public health in Africa - from infectious diseases to cancer prevention (Vainio H., Matos E.); limitations of the epidemiology of cancer in Africa (Jack A.D.); importance of cancer registries in Africa for cancer surveillance (Jack A.D.); occupational hazards and reproduction (Lindbohm M.L., Hemminki K.); causes, mechanisms and prevention of environmentally-induced cancers (Weinstein I.B., Groopman J.D.); hereditary factors in human cancers (Sylla B.S.); chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges in cytogenic surveillance (Anwar W.A.); viruses and human cancer in Africa (Jack A.D.); mycotoxins (Nyathi C.B., Dube N., Hasler J.A.); molecular approaches to epidemiological studies of aflatoxin and hepatocellular carcinoma (Wild C.P.); interactions between schistosomiasis and carcinogenesis (Hasler J.A., Naik Y.S., Nyathi C.B.). In annex: list of faculty; list of participants. (60357)

CIS 93-782 Hardrock miner, common core training for area mines. Staines B., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1989. 5p. (In English)

The Hardrock Miner Common Core Training Program at Citadel Gold Mines Inc. in Wawa (Ontario, Canada) is described. Training modules on inspection, scaling, staging, drilling, rock bolting, blasting, and mucking are outlined, as well as the certification process, costs, and benefits of the programme. (60109)

CIS 93-783 In-house training at Falconbridge - Kidd Creek. Turner D., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1989. 24p. Illus. (In English)

The Kidd Creek Mines (Timmins, Ontario, Canada) common core training programme for basic underground mining skills is explained. Using modular techniques for organising training, new employees are taught the skills needed to perform a particular task such as scaling or drilling and are certified according to their performance of these tasks. The underground equipment in-house licensing training programme is also described. (60110)

CIS 93-784 Office chemicals ; Air quality ; Light ; Noise and acoustics ; Prevent office injuries ; Stress in the office ; Video display terminals. Canada Safety Council, 6-2750 Stevenage Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 3N2, Canada, 1991. 7 pamphlets. Illus. (In English)

This set of seven pamphlets discuss topics related to office safety and health: noise, office injuries, video display terminals, lighting, chemicals, air quality, stress. An evaluation form is included. (60100)

CIS 93-785 Child labour: A guide to project design. Fyfe A., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. xii, 99p. Illus. 9 ref. Price: CHF 17.50., ISBN 92-2-108005-6 (In English)

This manual presents a set of guiding principles and practical tools to help in the design of projects for the benefit of working children. Part I provides an overview of the extent and consequences of child labour and responses to it, and a discussion of policies, programmes and projects. Part II describes a step-by-step approach to project design using the logical framework format. Part III provides practical tools including a review of international labour standards, guidance on situation analysis, interview techniques, a checklist on the effects of work on children, and guidance on how to write a project document. This manual is part of the ILO-Child labour collection. (60224)

CIS 93-786 Asbestos fibre exposure during a removal project. Yearwood P., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 29p. Illus. 5 ref. (In English)

Health effects and relevant Ontario regulations for asbestos are covered in this training manual. Procedures for identifying and removing asbestos at Inco Limited are outlined along with examples of typical activities and control measures which would be involved in such a project. A sample removal project is described in detail as well as how to dispose of asbestos waste material. (60101)

CIS 93-787 Industrial ventilation work book. Burton D.J., IVE Inc., 178 North Alta Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84103, USA, Rev. 2nd ed., 1991. viii, 339p. Illus. Index. Price: USD 39.00., ISBN 0-9623160-0-8 (In English)

This revised work book (see CIS 90-1850 for original edition) stresses the practical applications of industrial ventilation. Topics covered include: emission source behaviour and its relation to worker and air behaviour; dilution and local exhaust ventilation; design and selection of hoods, ducts and fans; non-standard conditions; HVAC and make-up air systems; recirculation; obtaining US air permits; purposes of stacks and dilution of stack emissions; system testing and monitoring; plans and specifications; measurement of hood static pressure and daily inspection and maintenance. Practical examples and exercises with answers are included. Appendix: glossary, charts, forms, checklists, index, order form. (60232)

CIS 93-788 Asbestos and you. Health and Safety Executive Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, 1993. 10p. 2 ref. (In English)

This training leaflet describes the health hazards of asbestos along with an outline of protective measures. Contents: the nature of asbestos and where it is found; the hazards of asbestos, how it enters the body and the resulting health effects; activities creating asbestos dust; responsibilities of employers and employees; health checks; checklist for reducing the risks from asbestos dust. (60149)

CIS 93-789 Safety and health in the use of chemicals at work. A training manual. Bakar Che Man A., Gold D., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. ix, 78p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: CHF 17.50., ISBN 92-2-106470-0 (In English)

Contents of this training manual: health hazards due to chemical exposure (factors contributing to hazardous situations, toxic effects of chemicals); fire and explosion hazards; basic principles of prevention (elimination or substitution, organisational control); chemical emergency procedures (emergency plan, evacuation, first aid, fire fighting, spill and leak procedures); management of a chemical control programme. Annexes include a training checklist for safe use of chemicals at work, text of the ILO Chemicals Convention and Recommendation, and guidance on the classification, identification and labelling of chemicals. (60227)

CIS 93-790 Pollution prevention resources and training opportunities in 1992. Hanlon D., Hindin D.A., Morse M.E., US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW, Washington D.C. 20460, USA, Feb. 1992. 115p. Illus. (In English)

This annual guide contains information about publicly sponsored pollution prevention resources and training opportunities available in the United States. It provides information on: pollution prevention documents and videos; state pollution prevention programmes; university-affiliated pollution prevention research and training centres; US EPA pollution prevention resources, environmental education activities and libraries; pollution prevention clearinghouse and associations; pollution prevention events. Details are given on how to obtain the books and videos and contact the various programmes and organisations mentioned. (60160)

CIS 93-791 Major hazards in the Department of Isère - Natural and technological hazards. (French: Risques majeurs en Isère - Naturels, technologiques) Association d'information pour la prévention des risques majeurs, 9 rue Lesdiguières, 38000 Grenoble, France, 1992. 80p. Illus. 14 ref. Price: FRF 10.00. (In French)

Imaginatively produced booklet aimed at the general population. It explains what to do in case of a major disaster, be it natural (avalanches, torrential floods, floods, earthquakes, earthslides, storms) or man-made (accidents involving chemical and petroleum installations, nuclear plant, dam bursts, pipelines and the transportation of dangerous substances). Under each heading, the effects of the hazard, its relative probability of occurrence in the French Department of Isère, and recommendations for action are discussed. Relevant French legislation is surveyed. (60364)

CIS 93-792 Danger of death: The dangers of working near overhead power cables. CITB (Construction Industry Training Board), Bircham Newton, King's Lynn, Norfolk PE31 6RH, United Kingdom, 1992. Videotape (20min) + trainer's manual + 3 overhead masters. Price: GBP 90.00 (UK), GBP 135.00 (elsewhere). (In English)

Videotape on the dangers of construction work near overhead power (electric) lines carrying electricity at voltages of 240V-400kV. Simulated accidents are shown. Suggestions for safe working practices in the construction industry. A trainer's manual, with suggested course formats and discussion topics, is included. (60370)

CIS 93-793 Unit: Harmful noise - Module: Legal and organisational aspects of noise. Lawton B., Walker J., Occupational Health and Safety, Portsmouth Polytechnic, Lion Gate Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth PO1 3HF, United Kingdom, 1991. 91p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-900234-47-4 (In English)

Training module designed for home study, replacing the module analysed under CIS 88-1846. It includes many practical exercises with answers. There are six segments: introduction to noise legislation in the United Kingdom; outline of the legal framework; noise regulations ancient and modern; the 1989 Regulations (Noise at Work Regulations 1989, see CIS 90-21) as viewed by the noise assessor; noise nuisance; future trends in noise levels, standards and legislation (with reference to European Communities directives and actions). (60369)

CIS 93-794 Unit: Safety technology - Module: Materials movement and storage. Mirkowski J., Occupational Health and Safety, Portsmouth Polytechnic, Lion Gate Building, Lion Terrace, Portsmouth PO1 3HF, United Kingdom, 1990. 97p. Illus., ISBN 1-869959-56-6 (In English)

Training module designed for home study. It includes many practical exercises with answers. There are four segments: 1 - Materials storage (pallets, racks, code of practice relating to rack damage, warehouse layout, fire precautions, order picking); 2 - Internal transport (types of vehicles, fork-lift truck attachments, selection of operators, lift truck stability, daily checks, accident prevention); 3 - Manual handling (scale of the problem, man's evolution, structure of the spine, preventing spine damage, manual handling of loads); 4 - External transport (statistical information; vehicle dimensions, weights and testing; driving restrictions; licenses and working hours; loading dock operations; transport of dangerous substances; emergency kits). (60367)

CIS 93-795 A guide to safety with chainsaws. Husqvarna Forest & Garden, Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1993. 36p. Illus., ISBN 0-477-13514-0 (In English)

Safety guide usable as training material for farmers, forestry workers and others using chainsaws. Contents: knowing one's capabilities; knowing the chainsaw; personal safety equipment; work area safety; checking, starting, using and refuelling chainsaws; avoiding kickbacks; care of chainsaws; protection against health risks (exhaust fumes, hearing loss, vibration disease); general chainsaw maintenance. (60353)

CIS 93-796 Biological hazards - Prevention in research laboratories. (French: Risques biologiques - Prévention en laboratoire de recherche) Simons J., Sotty P., INRA Editions, Route de Saint Cyr, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France, 1991. 248p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: FRF 170.00., ISBN 2-7380-0307-9 (In French)

The purpose of this training manual is to teach research laboratory personnel the best means to reduce or eliminate biological risks in their work. The main biological hazards present in such work are surveyed. Five principal approaches to safety are detailed: correct hazard evaluation (taking into consideration the microorganism and establishing a protocol for its handling); proper laboratory design; equipment adapted to the risks (microbiological safety station etc.); safe laboratory practices; effective medical surveillance. (60365)

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CIS 93-797 Absenteeism from work. (Spanish: Absentismo laboral) Alcázar Soler J., Maldonado Pérez-Castejón M, Martínez Montiel M.D., Montalbán Alpañez J., Navarro González M.S., Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, Oct.-Dec. 1992, Vol.39, No.158, p.46-62. Illus. 9 ref. (In Spanish)

A statistical study of occupational absenteeism was carried out during 1989 in a Spanish enterprise with 741 workers. The study aimed at identifying the most frequent causes of occupational accidents and diseases and the specific and secondary related factors, with a view to their prevention. The results showed that 51% of total absenteeism resulted from common diseases (most common: upper respiratory tract infections) and 49% from occupational accidents (most common: hand-tool injuries). The most affected age group was the one between 19 and 25 years old. The incidence of absenteeism not justified by sickness or accident is estimated at 4.5-4.7% of the total absenteeism. (60201)

CIS 93-798 Personal protective equipment and measures - The present and the future. (Spanish: Los equipos y medios de protección individual - Presente y futuro) Partida Perdigones E., Salud y trabajo, 1992, No.93, p.19-23. Illus. (In Spanish)

Legal provisions establishing the official approval of personal protective equipment in Spain are discussed. The most important Spanish legal text on the matter is the General Ordinance on occupational safety and health of 1974 (see CIS 76-1495). Also discussed are EEC Council Directive 89/686/EEC (see CIS 90-381) on the approximation of the laws of the member States relating to personal protective equipment and Council Directive 89/656/EEC (see CIS 90-385) on the minimum health and safety requirements for the use by workers of personal protective equipment at the workplace. (60218)

CIS 93-799 Approach to risk reduction in manufacturing firms in Australia. Low I., Holz A., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.43-46. 9 ref. (In English)

A survey of the 100 largest manufacturing firms in Australia has revealed that there is a lack of emphasis on controlling the incidence of serious injuries and diseases. In a considerable number of organisations, there appears to be a reliance on the attitude of employees and safety training to control risk. There seems to be a lack of knowledge among the respondents of information sources which can be used to assess both risk and proposed control measures. The results suggest that Robens type legislation (such as the British Health and Safety at Work Act, CIS 74-2099) may be of limited utility in controlling risk in the workplace and a more definitive approach to identifying hazards and instituting appropriate control measures should be provided to organisations. (60047)

CIS 93-800 The role of regulations in the prevention of occupational injury. Gun R.T., Safety Science, Jan. 1993, Vol.16, No.1, p.47-66. 9 ref. (In English)

An investigation was made of 98 worksites where severe or moderately severe injuries had recently been reported, and, where possible, of matching worksites where a similar accident had not occurred, at least for a period of 2 years. On the basis of the results it was estimated that about one-half of serious injuries are attributable to violation of a regulation and that failure of compliance with regulations would result in a 2.25-fold increase in the injury rate. Compliance was associated with management awareness of regulatory requirements and with training of management in safety. It is concluded that regulations have a substantial relevance to occupational injury. Summaries in French and German. (60169)

CIS 93-801 QUASA: A method for assessing the quality of safety analysis. Rouhiainen V., Safety Science, Sep. 1992, Vol.15, No.3, p.155-172. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

The described method is based on evaluation of the analysis process and identification of its deficiencies by means of a checklist. In order to validate the method, the interassessor reliability was examined by conducting parallel independent assessments of the same safety analysis. The validity of the method in uncovering deficiencies in the safety analysis was examined by using information on critical incidents collected from the analysed activity and descriptions of accidents as reference. The results of the study demonstrated that this new method is capable of revealing most of the significant deficiencies in a safety analysis. Summaries in French and German. (60261)

CIS 93-802 Work-related injuries in Athens county 1982 to 1986 - A comparison of emergency department and workers' compensation data. Fingar A.R., Hopkins R.S., Nelson M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.779-787. 4 ref. (In English)

In this study, two sources of data on occupational injuries were examined for one US county in the State of Ohio for the years 1982 to 1986. The data sources were: emergency department visits for occupational injuries as reported in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS); lost-work time claims to the Bureau of Workers' Compensation (BWC). Based on comparison of the NEISS and BWC data sets, it is concluded that neither data set alone gives a complete or accurate picture of occupational injuries in the county. The two may provide a more complete representation of occupational injuries when examined together. Using the NEISS and BWC data sets in combination results in a total number of injuries higher than that predicted by national norms. (60073)

CIS 93-803 Study of working conditions in 1991 - Activities of the Higher Council for the Prevention of Occupational Risks. (French: Bilan des conditions de travail 1991 - Activité du Conseil supérieur de la prévention des risques professionnels) Ministère du travail (France), Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.187-205. (In French)

Chapter on "Examination of work conditions" taken from the Annual Report of the Council. It is devoted to activities in occupational medicine. Work carried out by various committees in 1990 are presented. List of legislation submitted for to the Council for examination during 1990. (Importance of provisions adapting the national legislation to European law). (60210)

CIS 93-804 Analysis of the implementation of occupational health programmes - Results of an evaluative research study. (French: Analyse d'implantation du programme de santé au travail - Résultats d'une recherche évaluative) Berthelette D., Pineault R., Travail et santé, Winter 1992, Vol.8, No.4, p.S-23-S29. 23 ref. (In French)

The purpose of this study was to examine variations among the results of occupational health programmes (OHPs) provided by public health agencies at Quebec worksites, including medical and environmental surveillance, primary prevention counselling and evaluation of first-aid personnel and kits available at the worksites. The objective was to identify the factors that contributed to the success or failure of the programme (rather than assess the results of the programmes themselves) provided by 14 teams in 96 firms of a sub-sector of the metal product manufacturing industry in Quebec. The availability of personal protection and of adequate training of first-aid personnel was significantly related to the frequency of visits by the occupational health team. However, the length of existence of occupational health and safety committees is the only variable significantly related to a reduction of occupational hazards at the source. (60179)

CIS 93-805 General trends in policies concerning the prevention of occupational hazards in France - 1992 Programme. (French: Orientations générales de la politique de prévention des risques professionnels - Programme 1992) Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.207-212. (In French)

In 1992, the French Higher Council for the Prevention of Occupational Risks engaged in seven principal activities: ensuring the implementation of Act No.91-1414 modifying the Labour Code and the Public Health Code; application of FACT funds to research projects; concentration on priority research areas (construction, chemical hazards, workers in an unusual situation, particularly employees of subcontractors); provision of support to external activities of the Ministry of Labour and co-ordination of the activities of various OSH organisations and specialists; introduction into French law of EEC directives; occupational medicine activities; continuation of activities from previous years (an "observatory" of occupational hazards; updating of the schedule of occupational diseases). (60214)

CIS 93-806 Models for problem-solving in health and safety. Bensiali A.K., Booth R.T., Glendon A.I., Safety Science, Sep. 1992, Vol.15, No.3, p.183-205. Illus. 27 ref. (In English)

An essential phase in the development of expert systems is to identify knowledge and expertise within a domain and to find out how these are used by experts to solve problems. This paper describes how experts solve certain types of health and safety problems and some of the tools that are used, including checklists and audits and accident investigation techniques. The need for a preventive approach in health and safety is emphasised. Knowledge elicitation techniques include industrial visits, questionnaires, interviews and expert observation. Models are developed as a basis for an explanation of health and safety problem-solving processes. Summaries in French and German. (60263)

CIS 93-807 Safety management in the enterprise. Implementation of a display of safety indicators in two departments of a large public-sector organisation. (French: Gestion de la sécurité dans l'entreprise. Mise en œuvre d'un tableau de bord d'indicateurs de sécurité dans deux départements d'une grande organisation à caractère public) Favaro M., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 1991. 81p. Illus. 23 ref. (In French)

This study took place in two departments of a large anonymous public enterprise in France. The departments had volunteered to participate in the design and testing of a battery of safety indicators and of a display summarising the indicators, oriented toward middle management. The present note gives a qualitative overview of the whole process: operation of the working group, design and detailed presentation of the indicators and the display, design of documents, collection of information, implementation, follow-up. It concludes with remarks and methodological recommendations that could facilitate a similar programme in other enterprises. (60276)

CIS 93-808 NIOSH 1992 projects. US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Oct. 1992. viii, 152p. Bibl.ref. (In English)

This document gives details of NIOSH occupational safety and health projects underway during 1992. The first section provides summaries of US national prevention strategies in each of ten occupational health areas (occupational lung diseases, musculoskeletal injuries, occupational cancers, severe occupational traumatic injuries, occupational cardiovascular diseases, disorders of reproduction, neurotoxic disorders, noise-induced hearing loss, dermatological conditions, psychological disorders). The second section lists each project within the same programme areas and gives details of the purpose of each project, name of project leader and start and finish dates. The final section provides a list of projects by NIOSH division. (60125)

CIS 93-809 Annual Report of the Health and Safety Commission 1991/92. Health and Safety Commission, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. xvi, 145p. Illus. Price: GBP 12.50., ISBN 0-11-882073-7 (In English)

A review of the work of the British Health and Safety Commission in the areas of: inspection, advice and enforcement; European and domestic legislation; international technical standards; risk assessment; management of health and safety; statistics, research and information; action in different industrial sectors and on particular health and safety hazards; the structure, organisation and management of the British Health and Safety Executive. The report includes detailed statistics on occupational accidents and ill health by industrial sector. (60272)

CIS 93-810 Systems for the monitoring of working conditions relating to health and safety: Papers presented at the Conference. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Loughlinstown House, Shankill, Co. Dublin, Ireland, 1990. vi, 167p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Papers presented at the first European Conference on Monitoring the Work Environment held in Dublin, Ireland, 15-16 November 1990. Topics covered: description of the European Foundation Catalogue of systems for monitoring working conditions related to health and safety in the EC (see also CIS 92-1525); experience with the Danish Product Register of chemical substances and products; organisation, origin and use of the MEGA exposure database in Germany; French experience with questionnaire-based surveys; strategy and preliminary findings of an Italian occupational disease surveillance programme; analysis of occupational accidents as an instrument for preventive action in Sweden; US systems for monitoring working conditions. (60121)

CIS 93-811 Health and Safety Commission: Annual report 1991/92 - Summary. Health and Safety Commission, HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, 1992. 10p. (In English)

This summary reports some of the main achievements of the Health and Safety Commission for 1991/92 along with key points from the statistics. Topics covered include: offshore safety; preventive inspection programmes; implementation of EC directives; health and safety management; enforcement; developments on cross-sectoral hazards and in individual sectors. (60176)

CIS 93-812 A guide to the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992: Outlining the law affecting people at work from 1 April 1993. Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, P.O. Box 3705, Wellington, New Zealand, 1992. 24p., ISBN 0-477-03512-4 (In English)

Commentary of the Law abstracted in this Bulletin under CIS 93-701. It explains the reasons for the changes in New Zealand OSH legislation by outlining the ten principles underlying the philosophy of the Act: universality, clearly defined responsibilities, promotion of good OSH performance, improvement of hazard identification and control methods, involvement of employees, appropriate safety training and education, dual approach of incentives and penalties, promulgation of regulations and codes of practice to deal with specific hazards, government interventions to reduce compliance costs, active administration of OSH. Chapters of the guide are devoted to: duties in connection with the Act (particularly of employers); issuing of codes of practice and regulations; what to do after accidents; role of labour inspectors and departmental medical practitioners; offences and penalties. (60112)

CIS 93-813 Workplace health, safety and welfare - Approved Code of Practice and Guidance. Health and Safety Commission, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. viii, 50p. 76 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-11-886333-9 (In English)

This Code of Practice is issued in conjunction with The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 of Great Britain (see CIS 93-351). It comes into effect on 1 Jan. 1993. The purpose of the Code of Practice is to provide guidance to employers as to how best to satisfy the provisions of the Regulations, as well as of other OSH Regulations coming into force in 1993. The Code covers: maintenance of workplace, equipment, devices and systems; ventilation; indoor temperature; lighting; cleanliness and waste materials; room dimensions and space; workstations and seating; floors and traffic routes; falls and falling objects; windows, doors, gates, walls, skylights and ventilators; escalators and moving walkways; welfare and sanitary facilities. (60113)

CIS 93-814 How to conduct workplace inspections. Industrial Accident Prevention Association, 250 Yonge Street, 28th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2N4, Canada, Rev.ed., 1991. 6p. 8 ref. Price: CAD 1.15 (IAPA members), CAD 2.35 (non-members). (In English)

This guidance note explains the need for workplace inspections and provides advice on who should conduct inspections, how often they should be conducted, how to prepare for and conduct an inspection, the recording of observations and review and follow-up. A sample checklist of hazardous materials and a workplace inspection recording form are included. (60155)

CIS 93-815 The signs and labels mail order catalogue No.18. Signs and Labels Ltd., Latham Close, Bredbury Industrial Park, Stockport SK6 2SD, Cheshire, United Kingdom, 1992. 195p. Index. Illus. (In English)

The safety signs and labels shown in this mail order catalogue appear under the following headings: safety signs; hazardous substance labelling; escape plans and signs; safety training; pocket guides and wall charts; site management; personal protective equipment; environmental protection; prestige signs; general signs and markings. Detailed illustrations and descriptions are provided along with prices and ordering information. (60180)

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CIS 93-816 Finger systolic blood pressure measurements after finger cooling - Using the laser-Doppler method for assessing vibration-induced white finger. Kurozawa Y., Nasu Y., Oshiro H., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.683-686. 9 ref. (In English)

Finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) measurements after finger and body cooling using a strain-gauge plethysmograph is a useful objective test for diagnosing Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). Body cooling, however, is uncomfortable to subjects. In this study, the measurements of FSBP after finger cooling without body cooling, using Digitmatic DM2000 (Medimatic) combined with laser-Doppler flowmetry (ALF2100 Advance), were performed in 99 vibration-exposed men (40 men without RP, 39 men with mild RP, and 20 men with severe RP) and 13 healthy controls. This method is relatively useful for assessing the severity of vibration-induced white finger (VWF). (60061)

CIS 93-817 A dose response relation for noise induced hypertension. Zhao Y., Zhang S., Selvin S., Spear R.C., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.179-184. 19 ref. Illus. (In English)

The effect of industrial noise on the prevalence of hypertension was studied in 1101 female workers in a textile mill in Beijing in 1985. The noise levels within the plant appear to have been constant since 1954, resulting in well defined noise exposures for these workers. The study indicates that exposure to noise is a significant determinant of prevalence of hypertension, but third in order of importance behind family history of hypertension and use of salt. Each of the predictor variables exerted an independent influence on risk of hypertension. Cumulative exposure to noise was not an important dose related variable suggesting that, for those susceptible to the effect, hypertension was manifested within the first five years of exposure. (60136)

CIS 93-818 Field methods for the assessment of visual fatigue. (French: Méthodes de terrain pour l'investigation de la fatigue visuelle) Cail F., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.159-166. Illus. 33 ref. (In French)

When undergoing field tests, operators often complain of high degrees of visual fatigue, whether working with visual display terminals (VDUs) or optical instruments. Symptoms of this fatigue might be subjective or objective (physiological modifications of vision). The confirmation of visual fatigue requires a number of medical tests therefore. This article describes a number of such tests used by occupational physicians during visits to enterprises. Such tests may also be useful during the initial medical examination of newly-hired VDU operators. Sample questionnaire. (60206)

CIS 93-819 Use of death certificates in epidemiological studies, including occupational hazards - Discordance with clinical and autopsy findings. Selikoff I.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.469-480. 73 ref. (In English)

There has long been evidence of frequent inaccuracy of death certificates, with significant discordance between such designations and clinical and autopsy data. This exists for occupational diseases as well. The use of statistical rates based on death certificates has been seriously questioned despite their utility for total mortality. Programmes to supplement death certificate data, particularly in occupational disease studies, may be helpful, and are reviewed. (60031)

CIS 93-820 Use of death certificates in epidemiological studies, including occupational hazards - Variations in discordance of different asbestos-associated diseases on best evidence ascertainment. Selikoff I.J., Seidman H., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.481-492. 15 ref. (In English)

There is extensive information on discordance in general between accuracy of medical diagnoses on death certificate categorisation of cause of death and available clinical and histopathological data. This is as true for occupational diseases as for other conditions. But occupational illnesses have a special problem. Discordance is not equal across the board - it may vary with each occupationally related disease, and no single formula can be applied. It was found that for one agent - asbestos - there were different rates of discordance for different asbestos-related diseases (e.g. lung cancer, mesothelioma, asbestosis, kidney cancer) among 4,951 deaths studies prospectively from 1967 to 1986. Caution is therefore required before accepting generalisations concerning (unstudied) discordance in occupational mortality studies, and in their use in risk assessment models. (60032)

CIS 93-821 Death certificates in epidemiological studies, including occupational hazards - Inaccuracies in occupational categories. Selikoff I.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.493-504. 27 ref. (In English)

Death certificates for asbestos-related diseases (mesothelioma, lung cancer, asbestosis) were compared in two asbestos workers' cohorts. One cohort (insulation workers) had current or recent employment and a continuing union support system which gave them considerable information about the effects of asbestos exposure. The second cohort, asbestos factory workers, had no such advantage. Accuracy of medical diagnosis was comparable in the two groups, but occupational listings were not. Three-quarters of the insulators' death certificates mentioned asbestos work, while virtually none of the factory workers' certificates provided such information, even for deaths from mesothelioma and asbestosis. The data indicate that disease categories, based on medical and pathological diagnoses, at least for asbestos-associated disease, tend to be accurate. Attempts to identify groups at risk by sorting occupational categories can give good results for those with current exposures, but less reliable ones for those with long-past occupational exposures. (60033)

CIS 93-822 Influence of age at death on accuracy of death certificate disease diagnosis - Findings in 475 consecutive deaths of mesothelioma among asbestos insulation workers and asbestos factory workers. Selikoff I.J., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.505-510. 15 ref. (In English)

The analysis of 475 consecutive deaths of mesothelioma among asbestos insulation and asbestos factory workers until age 75 or older showed that age at death had no appreciable influence on the accuracy of death certificate diagnoses. (60034)

CIS 93-823 A case-control study of cancer of the nose and paranasal sinuses and occupational exposure. Comba P., Battista G., Belli S., de Capua B., Merler E., Orsi D., Rodella S., Vindigni C., Axelson O., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.511-520. 37 ref. (In English)

The association between nasal cancer and various occupations was investigated in a case-control study in three provinces of Italy. The study concerned cases of malignant epithelial neoplasm of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses diagnosed in the years 1982-1987 in five hospitals. Controls were patients admitted to the same hospitals as the cases, with any diagnosis except chronic rhino-sinusal disease and nasal bleeding. Altogether, 78 cases and 254 controls provided information by means of a questionnaire on occupational history. Significantly increased risks were associated (in males) with work in the wood industry (odds ratio [O.R.] : 5.8; 90% confidence interval [C.I.] : (2.2-16) and in the leather industry (6.8; 1.9-25). Textile workers, furnace men, construction workers, and workers with possible exposure to organic dusts showed increased risks even if statistical significance was not reached. (60035)

CIS 93-824 Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura in Trieste, Italy. Giarelli L., Bianchi C., Grandi G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.521-530. 46 ref. (In English)

One hundred and seventy malignant pleural mesotheliomas seen at necropsy at the Institute of Pathological Anatomy of Trieste University during the period 1968-1987 were reviewed. The series included 153 men and 17 women, aged between 33 and 92 years (median 70 years). Lifetime work histories were obtained from the patients' relatives in 162 cases. A majority of the male subjects had been employed in "naval" work, 99 people having worked in the shipbuilding industry, 19 in the navy and merchant marine, and seven in docks. Work histories were indicative of occupational exposure to asbestos in 150 cases. A further five patients with negative or insufficient data showed asbestos bodies in routine lung sections and five women had a history of domestic exposure. A majority of the patients had had their first exposure before 1950. The intervals between first exposure and death ranged from 14 to 71 years (median 48 years). (60036)

CIS 93-825 Work-related mesothelioma in Québec, 1967-1990. Bégin R., Gauthier J.J., Desmeules M., Ostiguy G., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.531-542. Illus. 50 ref. (In English)

This article presents the results of a study conducted in Canada to evaluate current status of malignant pleural mesothelioma in the Quebec (Canada) workforce. 120 cases of pleural mesothelioma seen and accepted by the Quebec Workman's Compensation Board (CSST) for work-related compensation of industrial disease were identified. They were of an average age of 59±8.5 yrs (sd) (range 42-84); they were exposed to asbestos dust in the workplace for an average of 26±14.3 yrs (range 0.5-50). Comparative analyses of incidence of the disease suggest that tremolite contamination may not be a determining factor in chrysotile workers. Whereas in mines and mills, the majority of cases are found in long-term workers, in manufacturing, industrial applications and the tertiary sector (in the last asbestos is not used as major work material), the fraction of cases with short-term exposures is twice as high. The incidence of work-related mesothelioma in the tertiary sector appears to be increasing more rapidly than in other sectors, and constituted 33% of all cases in the last four-year period of the study. (60037)

CIS 93-826 Pneumoconiosis research in South Africa with emphasis on developments in the last quarter century. Sluis-Cremer G.K., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.591-603. 56 ref. (In English)

This article reviews basic research findings in the field of pneumoconiosis in South Africa during the period 1965-1990. Main themes covered: silicosis research; asbestos mining; broadening concepts of pulmonary disabilities; silica and cancer; pneumoconiosis in non-mining industry; autopsy data; silicosis and tuberculosis; other studies; control perspectives for the future. (60042)

CIS 93-827 Latent period for malignant mesothelioma of occupational origin. Lanphear B.P., Buncher C.R., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.718-721. 34 ref. (In English)

To estimate the minimal latent period for malignant mesothelioma of occupational origin, 21 journal articles were reviewed that documented latent periods for malignant mesothelioma, totalling 1,690 cases. Of these, 1,105 (65%) cases fulfilled the strict histological and exposure criteria and were included in this analysis. Of these mesotheliomas, 99% had a latent period more than 15 years, 96% had a latent period of at least 20 years, and the observed probability of an occupational exposure within a decade of the first exposure was zero. The estimated median latent period was at least 32 years after the initial exposure. These epidemiological conclusions are important in determining the source of a specific case of the disease, understanding the natural history of the disease, determining liability, and in aiding in the diagnosis of malignant mesotheliomas of occupational origin. (60066)

CIS 93-828 Lymphocyte-macrophage alveolitis in nonsmoking individuals occupationally exposed to asbestos. Rom W.N., Travis W.D., Chest, Mar. 1992, Vol.101, No.3, p.779-786. Illus. 65 ref. (In English)

A disordered immunological activity has been observed in human and animal models of asbestosis and silicosis. To characterise the lung immunological response following long-term occupational exposure to asbestos, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 28 non-smokers. Increased BAL lymphocytes were observed in one-third. Histological evaluation of lung tissue from two persons with lymphocytic-macrophage alveolitis and asbestos exposure revealed an infiltration of alveolar walls with chronic inflammatory mononuclear cells (lymphocytes). Interferon gamma was spontaneously released by BAL cells from 19 of 25 of the individuals with asbestos exposure and only one of 10 normal controls. Although asbestosis is characterised by a predominant alveolar macrophage alveolitis, there is a subgroup with lymphocytic alveolitis and activated lymphocytes participating in the inflammatory response, especially in those without respiratory impairment early in the course of the disease. (60079)

CIS 93-829 An industrial hygiene methodology developed in support of a retrospective morbidity case-control study. Owen C.V., Acquavella J.A., Lynch J., Bird M.G., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.540-547. 29 ref. (In English)

This study investigated a potentially increased incidence of colorectal cancer among employees who manufactured polypropylene. The design of the case-control study provided an innovative industrial hygiene approach to circumvent the problems of estimating exposures, problems which are typical of retrospective epidemiological case-control studies. The industrial hygiene methodology included assessing historical exposures, developing an exposure estimating matrix, selecting candidate aetiological agents based on a joint toxicological and industrial hygiene review, administering a work activity questionnaire, calculating exposure scores, and conducting a statistical analysis. The study design also provided an additional exposure measurement independent of the toxicological and industrial hygiene review. This provided an opportunity to compare the likelihood of exposure misclassification and, as expected, showed that a more detailed exposure estimate resulted in less misclassification. (60091)

CIS 93-830 Alterations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but not in lung function and bronchial responsiveness in swine confinement workers. Larsson K., Eklund A., Malmberg P., Belin L., Chest, Mar. 1992, Vol.101, No.3, p.767-774. Illus. 43 ref. (In English)

The study investigated whether randomly selected non-smoking swine confinement workers (N=20) had signs of airways inflammation and alterations of lung function and bronchial responsiveness. Immunological response was estimated by skin prick tests and measurement of serum antibodies. The workers had normal lung function and the bronchial reactivity was not different from a reference group of urban non-smoking subjects. Results showed that the workers had signs of airway inflammatory reaction and activation of the immune system without alteration in lung function and bronchial reactivity. (60078)

CIS 93-831 Variation in plasma cholinesterase activity among greenhouse workers, fruitgrowers and slaughtermen. Lander F., Lings S., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.164-166. 6 ref. Illus. (In English)

The purpose of the study was to compare the plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activities of 100 greenhouse workers and 43 fruitgrowers engaged in spraying insecticides with those of 113 slaughtermen who served as controls. The ChE activity in the greenhouse workers and fruitgrowers was not significantly lower than in the controls. Nevertheless the ChE activity of greenhouse workers declined with increasing exposure. The wearing of protective gloves appears to be of particular value for the safety of workers. (60133)

CIS 93-832 Pleural determinants of restrictive lung function and respiratory symptoms in an asbestos-exposed population. Broderick A., Fuortes L.J., Merchant J.A., Galvin J.R., Schwartz D.A., Chest, Mar. 1992, Vol.101, No.3, p.684-691. 39 ref. (In English)

To further define the relationship between asbestos-induced pleural fibrosis and restrictive lung function, the pleural determinants of respiratory symptoms and restrictive physiology in 1,211 sheet metalworkers was investigated. The relationship between specific components of pleural fibrosis and both forced vital capacity (FVC) and respiratory symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, chest pain) were investigated. Costophrenic angle involvement, the width and length of pleural fibrosis, and the presence of either circumscribed plaque or diffuse pleural thickening were each significantly associated with a lower FVC. A trend toward significance was observed between increased width and length of fibrosis and dyspnoea with exertion. Otherwise, these pleural abnormalities were not consistently related to any of the respiratory symptoms. (60070)

CIS 93-833 Mortality and incidence of cancer at four factories making phenoxy herbicides. Coggon D., Pannett B., Winter P., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.173-178. 25 ref. (In English)

To assess the possible carcinogenicity of phenoxy herbicides and related chlorophenols and dioxins, the International Agency for Research on Cancer is coordinating an international collaborative study of workers exposed to these compounds in their production or use. Four British cohorts of chemical manufacturers which have been recruited to the survey are described. They comprise a total of 2239 men employed during 1963-85. Their mortality was compared with that in the national population. Two deaths were from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with 0.87 expected. Both deaths occurred more than 10 years after first exposure to phenoxy compounds. One further non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was registered in a living subject with probable exposure to phenoxy compounds. A non-significant excess of lung cancer (19 deaths observed, 14.2 expected) is probably attributable to chance or a confounding effect of smoking. In one cohort only there was increased mortality from circulatory disease (34 deaths observed, 20.4 expected). A nested case-control study did not point to any occupational cause for this excess, but further evaluation will be needed during continued follow up. (60135)

CIS 93-834 Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to methyl ethyl ketone. Ong C.N., Sia G.L., Ong H.Y., Phoon W.H., Tan K.T., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1991, Vol.63, No.5, p.319-324. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

The correlation of methyl ethyl ketone in breathing-zone air with the concentrations in breath, blood, and urine samples was studied in five plastic-bag printing factories and two video-tape production plants in Singapore. A total of 59 men participated in the study. Urinary methyl ethyl ketone levels reflected best the time weighted average concentrations of methyl ethyl ketone at the workplaces. Methodological considerations also came out in favour of urinalysis. The method is non-invasive. In contrast to exhaled-air samples, urine samples must not be analysed on the day of sampling. (60233)

CIS 93-835 Work-related injuries to the foot - Data from an occupational injury/illness surveillance system. Oleske D.M., Hahn J.J., Leibold M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.650-655. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

In 1988, 990 work-related foot injuries were characterised in an occupational injury/illness surveillance system maintained by a network of occupational health centres. The mean age of injured workers was 34.2yrs (±12.0), with 83% of injuries occurring among men; 22.3% of the cases were fractures or sprains/strains. Jobs involving extensive manual material handling or vehicular operations were the most often listed occupations among those with foot injuries. Across occupational groups, being struck by an object accounted for 58.4% of the injuries. Regardless of industry group, metal items and vehicles were related to 50.7% of all work-related foot injuries. Specifically, injuries were found to be associated with being struck by boxes, metals, or vehicles, or to being caught in, under, or between vehicles or machinery. A peak of injuries is observed during the summer months. (60059)

CIS 93-836 The core technology of work-site wellness. Heirich M.A., Erfurt J.C., Foote A., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.627-637. 53 ref. (In English)

This paper discusses the following 10 dimensions of worksite wellness programmes: (1) establishment of programme policy; (2) work force health status assessment; (3) linkage of worksite with service providers; (4) linkage of individual employees with appropriate services; (5) provision of options for behaviour change strategies and interventions; (6) engagement of employees in these interventions; (7) organisation of worksite-wide activities to support health improvement; (8) review and alteration of organisational policies to make the work environment more supportive of health; (9) on-going programme evaluation; (10) periodic assessment of longer-term programme results. Two future dimensions are described that require further evidence of impact. (60056)

CIS 93-837 Cost effectiveness of work-site cholesterol screening and intervention programs. Wilson M.G., Edmunson J., DeJoy D.M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.642-649. 14 ref. (In English)

An evaluation was conducted of the cost effectiveness of behavioural interventions designed to reduce high serum cholesterol levels in a forest products manufacturing population. Four intervention groups and a control group were studied. All four intervention groups received an educational programme of varying length (1 or 3 months). Two of these groups also received incentives. The one-month educational programme coupled with an outcome-based incentive and the three-month educational programme were the most cost-effective means for reducing cholesterol in borderline high or high-risk employees. The three-month educational programme coupled with a behaviour-based incentive was the least cost-effective means for achieving the objective. However, in terms of effectiveness per dollar spent and cost per unit of effectiveness, the control group (no intervention) demonstrated effectiveness somewhat close to the most effective interventions. (60058)

CIS 93-838 Health promotion in the British workplace: A suitable case for treatment?. Hill I.M., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.175-178. 21 ref. (In English)

This article reviews literature concerning problems of health promotion at the British workplace. Health promotion should be concerned with reducing inequalities in health experience and opportunity but, because the large majority of British workplaces have no access to appropriate occupational health services, most health promotion activity is concentrated in large profit-making concerns with suitable existing facilities. In this article, the background to health-related initiatives in the British workplace is given, and the various contributions to workplace health promoting activities are noted. Their potential for misuse is discussed and the need for a more comprehensive and integrated approach to primary care, including health promotion, is suggested. (60143)

CIS 93-839 Tuberculosis screening in health services employees: Who needs chest X-rays?. Chaturvedi N., Cockcroft A., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.179-182. 24 ref. (In English)

There is uncertainty in the British National Health Service about which individuals should be offered pre-employment screening by chest X-ray and whether this procedure is of value in the detection of tuberculosis. To provide evidence for practice, pre-employment chest X-ray and tuberculin skin test status were examined retrospectively for employees of a health district. Cases were those with an abnormal chest X-ray. The majority of the population had positive tuberculin skin tests and there was no difference between cases (58 positive out of 68) and referents (170 positive out of 212). Most of the X-ray abnormalities were trivial: four findings were thought significant, but would have caused no problems if undetected and none of these findings were related to tuberculosis. It is concluded that in new employees in the Hampstead health district, X-ray abnormalities are rare and not predicted by testing tuberculin skin reactivity; neither procedure is justified routinely as a means of screening for tuberculosis. The situation in districts with a high incidence of tuberculosis needs to be investigated. (60144)

CIS 93-840 Relationship between occupational health care and absenteeism. Hamers P., Kamphuis P., van Poppel J., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.188-192. 6 ref. (In English)

There is much speculation in the Netherlands as to the positive influence of occupational health care on the health and welfare of employees and assume a direct connection between it and the reduction of absenteeism. However, there is little empirical information to back up these speculations. This article describes an experiment involving the occupational health care of teaching personnel, indicating that the relationship between occupational health care and absenteeism is more complex than is generally assumed. (60145)

CIS 93-841 Impact of the new European legislation regarding vocational driving on London Transport Medical Service: The doctor's role. Malleson S.M., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.200-202. (In English)

The outcome of the first 1000 medical examinations undertaken by London Transport Medical Service (LTMS) to comply with the regulations for non-passenger carrying public carriage vehicle licence holders (primarily bus and car mechanics and electricians) was analysed to assess where the primary role of the examining doctor affected the final outcome. It was found that the primary involvement of the doctor possibly altered the outcome in only two cases. In 49 cases, the medical practitioner had an interpretative role in the final assessment, or in the pursuit of further information, such as clarification of past history from other sources. In these cases, actual contact with the applicant did not affect the final outcome. (60147)

CIS 93-842 Occupational health services. African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, Dec. 1991, Vol.1, No.3, 40p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Special issue devoted for the most part to occupational health services (OHS) in Africa. Articles concern: primary health care approach in OHS (Jeyaratnam J.); experience in organising OHS in enterprises in Africa (Alli B.O.); training in OHS in developing countries (Sakari W.D.O.); health and safety in agriculture - the Mauritius sugar cane industry (Phoolchund H.); OHS as a tool for workers' better health (Rantanen J., Lehtinen S.); workers' activities in Zimbabwe (Loewenson R.); occupational health and safety in Namibia (Muteka G.T.); strengthening of the Factories Inspectorate in Lesotho (Matooane B.M., Jonathan P.C.); OHS in Ethiopia (Seblework D.); training in occupational health in Singapore (at the National University of Singapore, involving, among others, African students); role of regulations in helping substandard companies (Saari J.). (60356)

CIS 93-843 Proceedings of the International Symposium on Occupational Health Practices. Lehtinen S., Rantanen J., African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety, 1992, Vol.2, Suppl.2, ii, 131p. Bibl.ref. Indexes. (In English)

Special issue on occupational health services (OHS) in Africa, reproducing the papers presented at the International Symposium on Occupational Health Services held at Marangu, Moshi, Tanzania, 3-6 Mar. 1992. The papers concern: information and initiative in OSH in Tanzania (Lukindo J.K.); principles of OHS and surveillance of the work environment (Rantanen J.); obstacles to the development of OHS in developing countries (Mwaniki N.K.); ergonomic practices in OHS systems (Takala E.P.); occupational hygiene (Muchiri F.K.); occupational accidents in Tanzania (Monyo R.A.); pre-employment health examinations (Sakari W.D.O.); periodic health examinations in Uganda (Sekimpi D.K.); general health surveillance of workers in Uganda (Sekimpi D.K.); role of the Factories Inspectorate in Zanzibar (Khamis M.M.); role of the national trade union in promoting OHS in Tanzania (Mwambuma J.V.); industrial first aid in Tanzania (Mwakajinga M.); rehabilitation in Tanzania (Matchaba R.B.); diagnosis and treatment of general diseases in OHS practice (Sekimpi D.K.); organisation of plant-level collaboration for workplace actions (Rantanen J.); OHS in Moshi/Arusha, Tanzania (Shayo F.A.); role of Ministry of Health in OHS in Tanzania (Munale B.J.); employers' view on OHS in Tanzania (Sangerama S.J.L.). In annex: workshop reports (construction, agriculture, small battery plants, textiles). (60358)

CIS 93-844 Needs for study and research in occupational medicine - Preliminary survey. (French: Les besoins de la médecine du travail en études et recherches - Enquête préliminaire) Mur J.M., Loiret P., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.171-175. (In French)

In order to adapt its activities to changes in occupational hazards, the French National Safety Research Institute (INRS) has engaged in a dialogue since 1991 with its major partners (occupational physicians, insurance organisations, technical research facilities, employers' and workers' organisations). The principal means for this dialogue has been a questionnaire survey, prepared in two versions and tested on occupational physicians. The results of these two surveys are presented in this article. A third survey is being prepared. (60208)

CIS 93-845 The epidemiology of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Muñoz N., Bosch F.X., Shah K.V., Meheus A., International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, 1992. x, 288p. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 28.00., ISBN 92-832-2119-2 (In English)

This volume is based on background papers from an IARC workshop held in Brussels, Belgium, in November 1991. Topics covered: epidemiology of cervical cancer and of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection; clinical and morphological diagnosis of HPV-associated lesions and serological markers for other sexually transmitted agents; hybridisation and serological methods for HPV detection; methodological issues in HPV epidemiology; interactions between HPV and HIV; association of HPV and anogenital cancer and implications for screening policy. (60124)

CIS 93-846 Atlas of cancer mortality in the European Economic Community. Smans M., Muir C.S., Boyle P., World Health Organization, Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, United Kingdom, 1992. vii, 213p. + annex (44 maps). Illus. ca. 200 ref. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 92-832-2107-9 (In English)

A thorough analysis of cancer mortality data obtained during the second half of the 1970s in the then member countries of the EEC (Belgium, Denmark, France, the old German Federal Republic with West Berlin, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom). Contents: aims of the Atlas; the mapping of cancer; sources of error and bias; information sources (death certificates, statistical publications); EEC cancer mortality by site (sites considered: ill-defined and secondary, oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, gallbladder and bile ducts, pancreas, larynx, lung, malignant melanoma of the skin, breast, ovary, uterus, prostate, testis, bladder, urinary tract, brain and nervous system, thyroid, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukaemia; for each site, range of mortality rates and age-specific mortality rates are shown graphically for every member State); potential for prevention (there is general agreement among epidemiologists that exposure to carcinogens in the workplace accounts for at most 3-4% of all cancers in men, and a much smaller proportion in women; workplace exposures to passive smoking and asbestos should be reduced nevertheless). In annex: detailed presentation of data, by cancer site, sex and administrative subdivision within each country. The maps present the same mortality rate information through the use of colour codes. (60360)

CIS 93-847 Malignant mesothelioma. Henderson D.W., Shilkin K.B., Langlois S.L.P., Whitaker D., Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Taylor & Francis, Rankine Road, Basingstoke RG24 0PR, Hampshire, United Kingdom, 1992. xxix, 383p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Indexes. Price: GBP 71.00., ISBN 0-89116-977-6 (In English)

Medical textbook entirely devoted to malignant mesothelioma, one of the best-known occupational diseases, which develops almost exclusively in persons exposed to asbestos (in particular, crocidolite). Chapters cover: historical aspects (with comments on mesothelioma registries); pathology and diagnosis of mesothelioma; mineralogy and epidemiology of mesothelioma (including a discussion of occupational and environmental aspects); clinical investigation and management; social-historical, medico-legal and ethical aspects (short history of the blue asbestos industry at Wittenoom in Western Australia; medico-legal issues in mesothelioma and asbestos disease litigation; perspectives on the bioethics of industrial activity and disasters). (60362)

CIS 93-848 Epidemiologic study of mortality in welding: Multicentre survey in France. (French: Etude épidémiologique de mortalité sur le soudage: enquête multicentrique réalisée en France) Moulin J.J., Wild P., Toamain J.P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Mar. 1992. 43p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Methodology and results of a prospective historical study of mortality among welders of stainless steel conducted in France between 1985 and 1990 in 13 industrial establishments (ship-building, electrical engineering, petrochemicals, manufacture of industrial and military armoured vehicles, maintenance of railway equipment, boilermaking, manufacture of equipment for the nuclear and hydraulic power industries). The study takes account of the welding of stainless steel, the presumed resulting exposure to hexavalent chromium, and the effects of smoking. Welders of stainless steel do not seem to have a higher risk of broncho-pulmonary cancer than do welders of soft steel. (60294)

CIS 93-849 WHODOC. List of recent publications and documents. (French: WHODOC: liste des publications et documents récents OMS) World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 270p. Indexes. (In English, French, Spanish)

This catalogue lists WHO publications, articles in WHO periodicals, and technical and policy documents and press releases produced by WHO, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), as well as books and articles arising from WHO programmes that are published outside the Organization. Items are listed in subject categories (including a section on occupational health) along with subject and author indexes. Details on how to obtain the publications are provided. (60139)

CIS 93-850 First aid retention of knowledge survey. Cullen M.C., Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. ii, 30p. 7 ref. Price: GBP 5.50., ISBN 0-11-886380-0 (In English)

This report describes a survey of the retention of knowledge of first-aiders. Results suggest that first-aiders retain only a percentage of what is learned on first-aid courses and that few first-aiders update and refresh their memories by looking at the first-aid manual between refresher courses. More work needs to be done to identify the cause of low retention of learned material. (60158)

CIS 93-851 WHO Collaborating Centres in Occupational Health: Directory, networking, priorities and future perspectives. Lehtinen S., World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, Oct. 1992. 97p. Illus., ISBN 951-801-964-9 (In English)

This publication describes the objectives and future perspectives of the WHO Workers' Health Programme along with the priorities and activities of the WHO Collaborating Centres in Occupational Health. The results of a questionnaire survey among the Centres are analysed to show geographical distribution, resources and scope of activities. In the Directory, each Centre is listed along with details of the address, name of director and/or contacts, main tasks, expertise, priority areas and collaboration activities. A report of the first meeting of the Centres held in Moscow, 8-11 September 1992 is also included. (60226)

CIS 93-852 Atlas of cancer incidence in the former German Democratic Republic 1978-1982. (German: Atlas der Krebsinzidenz in der ehemaligen Deutschen Demokratischen Republik - 1978-1982) Mehnert W.H., Smans M., Muir C.S., Möhner M., Schön D., Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Oxford University Press, Walton St., Oxford OX2 6DP, United Kingdom and MMV Medizin Verlag GmbH, Neumarkter Str. 18, D-W-8000 München 80, Germany, 1992. 384p. Illus. 31 ref. Price: GBP 50.00., ISBN 3-8208-1191-5 (In English, German)

This book contains an introduction on general information, population, health care and the national cancer registry of the former German Democratic Republic, and material and methods of constructing this atlas. This is followed by maps each showing the incidence of a particular type of cancer in all counties and districts (administrative units of the old GDR) for both sexes; each is also accompanied by a table with data on cancer incidence by county and by sex. Colour maps are presented for 25 cancer types for which the number reported between 1978 and 1982 exceeds 1,000 cases for each sex; maps in black and white are presented for other cancer types with lower incidence. Each colour map is preceded by a short text indicating possible or known risk factors as well as data on incidence, histology, five-year survival rates and mortality. (60049)

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CIS 93-853 Irritant contact dermatitis in warehouse employees. Ashworth J., Rycroft R.J.G., Waddy R.S., Irvine D., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.32-34. 3 ref. (In English)

A detailed survey of skin complaints amongst 114 airline employees working in a new warehouse revealed 26 cases of skin problems which originated during the 2 and half year operation. A clinical survey of broadly the same population confirmed 14 cases from 98 employees as chronic irritant contact dermatitis of the hands. The work involved the reception, unpackaging, inspection, repackaging and dispatch of aircraft parts. The source of the skin irritation was not to be found in the work itself. The idea that incoming aircraft parts from foreign countries might be "dirty" in some way, had caused a heightened perception of a risk of skin disease, and the frequency of hand washing had increased as a result. Over-frequent hand washing in a few employees had resulted in precisely what the warehouse staff had been trying to avoid. (60045)

CIS 93-854 Epidemiological study of respiratory diseases in the detergent industry. (Spanish: Estudio epidemiológico de las enfermedades respiratorias en la industria de detergentes) Colomer E., Algarín M.I., López A., Toral J.M., de la Iglesia A., Salud y trabajo, 1990, No.79, p.14-20. 35 ref. (In Spanish)

Report on a survey on the association between respiratory diseases and occupational exposure to detergents, carried out in Spain in 1989. The study involved 175 men and six women in various working processes of the detergent industry and the same number of controls. Respiratory function tests, chest X-ray examination, electrocardiographic examination and laboratory tests were conducted. No significant differences were found between the two groups. The sensitising potential of the proteolytic enzymes used in the detergent industry in causing allergic asthma was found to be limited. Dust, on the other hand, was considered an important factor contributing to respiratory diseases. Tables and statistics are included. General recommendations on prevention are given. (60270)

CIS 93-855 Epidemiologic evidence of cancer in aluminium reduction plant workers. Rönnerberg A., Langmark F., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.573-590. 42 ref. (In English)

This paper reviews the epidemiologic evidence of cancer risks among workers in aluminium reduction plants with emphasis on associations with specific work areas and exposures. Studies of workers manufacturing carbon products outside the aluminium industry were also reviewed since the work environment is similar to that encountered in the carbon area of aluminium plants. 16 publications form 11 separate studies were obtained from references cited through compact disc literature searching during the period 1980-1990, and from the Nordic Aluminium Industry's Secretariat for Health, Environment and Safety. Work in potrooms with Södeberg electrolytic cells was associated with increased risk of bladder cancer, and the increase was correlated with duration of tar exposure. There was a suggestion of increased risk of leukaemias and pancreatic cancers in potroom workers, and of kidney and brain cancers without any clear association with specific exposures or work areas. Results showed associations between lung cancer risk and tar exposure in Södeberg plants, and between lung cancer and work in prebake or carbon plants. (60041)

CIS 93-856 A historical prospective study of European stainless steel, mild steel and shipyard welders. Simonato L., Fletcher A.C., Andersen A., Anderson K., Becker N., Chang-Claude J., Ferro G., Gérin M., Gray C.N., Hansen K.S., Kalliomäki P.L., Kurppa K., Langard S., Merló F., Moulin J.J., Newhouse M.L., Peto J., Pukkala E., Sjögren B., Wild P., Winkelmann R., Saracci R., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.145-154. 36 ref. (In English)

A multicentre cohort of 11,092 male welders from 135 companies in 9 European countries was assembled with the aim of investigating the relationship of potential cancer risk, lung cancer in particular, with occupational exposure. Follow up was successful for 96.9% of the cohort. Overall, a statistically significant excess was reported for mortality from lung cancer (116 observed versus 86.81 expected deaths, SMR = 134). When analysed by type of welding, lung-cancer mortality increased with time since first exposure, particularly among stainless-steel welders. No clear relation was apparent between mortality from lung cancer and duration of exposure to or estimated cumulative dose of Ni or Cr. There were five deaths from pleural mesothelioma unrelated to the type of welding, drawing attention to the risk of exposure to asbestos in welding activities. (60131)

CIS 93-857 Health changes observed in workers of automobile repair workshops. (Spanish: Alteraciones de la salud observadas en los trabajadores de talleres de reparación de vehículos) García Gómez M., Urbán Fernández L.M., Maqueda Blasco J., Sánchez Gracia J.I., Salud y trabajo, 1992, No.93, p.13-18. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish)

Health disorders in relation to risk factors in 935 Spanish automobile repair workers were studied. Workers were classified according to five occupational groups: administrative workers, painters, electricians, mechanics and sheet-metal workers. Exposure to noise and solvents was evaluated and bronchopulmonary and dermatological tests were conducted for each worker, as well as a general medical examination. The only significant associations between occupation and specific health condition were for hypoacusia, endocrine disorders and renal disorders among sheet-metal workers, and for endocrine disorders among painters. (60217)

CIS 93-858 Welding work - Medical considerations of its health hazards. (Spanish: Los trabajos de soldadura - Consideraciones médicas de sus riesgos sobre la salud) Mira Muñoz M., Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, Apr.-June 1991, Vol.38, No.152, p.45-56. 60 ref. (In Spanish)

Health hazards in welding activities, in particular those related to toxic substances such as welding fumes, are analysed. Health effects are examined in terms of the different body systems and organs, including respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, reproductive, dermatological, ophthalmological, auditory and oncogenic effects. Noting that some technical knowledge of welding processes is necessary in order to evaluate the health hazards related to these activities, welding technologies such as gas and arc welding are described. Hazard evaluation and preventive measures are also discussed. (60278)

CIS 93-859 Safety in a construction enterprise - Prevention management in the framework of entrepreneurial management. (Spanish: La seguridad en una empresa constructora - La gestión de la prevención en el marco de la gestión empresarial) Maqueda de Anta P., Prevención, July-Sep. 1992, No.121, p.36-41. Illus. (In Spanish)

The high accident and severity rates occurring in the construction sector within the European Community are discussed. Spanish legislation on the subject is briefly reviewed. The cost-effectiveness of investing in safety measures, as compared with the cost of accidents, is discussed. Safety measures and safety organisation, as practiced by a Spanish construction enterprise, are presented. Safety measures undertaken during the planning stage are emphasised. (60212)

CIS 93-860 Critical incidents and fatigue among locomotive engineers. Buck L., Lamonde F., Safety Science, Jan. 1993, Vol.16, No.1, p.1-18. Illus. 57 ref. (In English)

Studies of critical incidents and fatigue among locomotive engineers (train drivers) are reviewed. Most studies have defined critical incidents as infractions of operating regulations, particularly those relating to signals at danger or caution; others have defined them as locomotive engineers' reports of unsafe events. Both types of study have related incident rate to factors like signal design and work organisation. Studies of fatigue have shown how critical incidents are more likely to occur at certain times of day and at certain times within a duty period. Summaries in French and German. (60167)

CIS 93-861 The human factor in maritime risk. (Spanish: El factor humano en el riesgo marítimo) Piniella Corbacho F., Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 1992, No.48, p.3-9. Illus. 8 ref. (In Spanish)

Study of personal risk factors in maritime transport. Legislative aspects, such as international agreements, standards and conventions are reviewed. Training and instruction in maritime safety in Spain are discussed. Emphasis is made on the need for educational programmes in order to prevent occupational accidents. The link between maritime safety and environmental protection is noted. Various aspects included in the Spanish National Plan for Maritime Salvage and Pollution Control, introduced in October 1989, are outlined. Summary in English. (60221)

CIS 93-862 Traumatic fatalities among Swedish seafarers 1984-1988. Larsson T.J., Lindquist C., Safety Science, Sep. 1992, Vol.15, No.3, p.173-182. 12 ref. (In English)

Data on all reported fatalities among Swedish seafarers 1984-1988 were collected from a number of sources and a comparison was made with the official register of causes of death held by Statistics Sweden. It was concluded that nearly half the traumatic fatalities among seafarers (44%) were work related. More than one work-related traumatic fatality in four was unknown at the Swedish Work Related No-Fault Liability Insurance. One conclusion from this study is that traumatic mortality among seafarers is considerably higher than that officially reported in Sweden. Summaries in French and German. (60262)

CIS 93-863 Prospective morbidity surveillance of Shell refinery and petrochemical employees. Tsai S.P., Dowd C.M., Cowles S.R., Ross C.E., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.155-163. 12 ref. (In English)

Results are presented of a prospective morbidity study of 14,170 refinery and chemical workers from 1981 through 1988, based on an internal health surveillance system. Generally, rates and durations of absence were highest for older age groups, women, and production workers. Increased risk was associated with the presence of known disease risk factors. Overall, 48% of the employees had at least one illness/absence in excess of five days during the eight year period. 12% of the employees had four or more absences, which accounted for 54% of the total number of absences and 52% of the total work days lost. Among men, the five most common conditions accounted for 72% of all illness/absences. In descending order they were injuries (25%), respiratory illnesses (17%), musculoskeletal disorders (14%), digestive illnesses (9%), and heart disease (7%). Similar patterns were noted among women. These findings may be useful in setting priorities and directing efforts such as health education programmes and other strategies for the prevention of disease. (60132)

CIS 93-864 Occupational risks in footwear manufacturing - I. Summary of the Report; II. Products used in the footwear manufacturing sector. (Spanish: Riesgos profesionales en la fabricación del calzado - I. Resumen del informe; II. Productos empleados en el sector del calzado) Castillón Uribe J.M., Rey Fernández J., Rolín Cano E., Guiral Julián M., Periago Jiménez F., Viguera Rubio J., Salud y trabajo, 1990, No.77, p.5-24. Illus. (In Spanish)

Part I is a report on a survey of occupational risks in footwear manufacturing carried out by the Spanish National Institute for Occupational Safety and Hygiene during 1988 and the first months of 1989. A representative sample of 6,669 workers in 295 enterprises was chosen. 74% of the enterprises had a staff of less than 26 and only four enterprises employed more than 100 workers. Preventive services (such as medical services, medical examinations, training, information, atmospheric and biological monitoring), building facilities and general equipment were investigated. The most significant safety risks are: machinery and fires. The most significant health risks are: inhalation of organic fumes and noise exposure. Risks are also analysed in terms of work processes and tasks. General preventive measures are presented. Part II examines the different chemical products used in this sector, such as adhesives and solvents, and their toxicological mechanisms and health effects. Statistical tables are also included. (60215)

CIS 93-865 Colon and stomach cancer mortality among automotive wood model makers. Roscoe R.J., Steenland K., McCammon C.S., Schober S.E., Robinson C.F., Halperin W.E., Fingerhut M.A., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.759-768 (editorial: p.769-770). 38 + 4 ref. (In English)

To explore the excess risks for colon and other cancers among automotive wood model makers, a retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted, with follow-up from 1940 through 1984. White male wood model makers (n=2,294) employed at any time until 1980 by US automobile manufacturers were studied. Using US mortality rates for comparison, elevated standardised mortality ratios of 1.2 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-1.9) for colon cancer and 1.6 (95% CI, 0.9-2.6) for stomach cancer were found. Nested case-control studies were also conducted for 20 colon and 17 stomach cancer cases and 543 age-matched controls. No trend was found of increased risk for colon or stomach cancer mortality with increased exposure to wood dust or to duration employed in wood model making. A two-page editorial on the same subject follows the article. (60071)

CIS 93-866 Occupational wood dust exposures, lifestyle variables, and respiratory symptoms. Pisaniello D.L., Tkaczuk M.N., Owen N., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.788-792. 17 ref. (In English)

The quantitative relationship of occupational exposure to wood dust with nasal and pulmonary health problems is not clearly established, particularly for low to moderate exposures in the wooden furniture manufacturing industry. The associations of pulmonary and nasal symptoms, wood dust exposure, and lifestyle variables (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, overweight, physical inactivity, and stress) were examined in a sample of 168 woodworkers. Levels of wood dust exposure were not systematically associated with symptoms. Statistically significant associations were found for cigarette smoking. After controlling for the effects of smoking, heavy drinking was significantly associated with pulmonary symptoms. Perceived stress was associated with pulmonary and nasal symptoms. These findings suggest that studies of the effects of low-level occupational wood dust exposure should control for the potential effects of lifestyle variables. (60074)

CIS 93-867 The health care industry. Heap D., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.47-50. 10 ref. (In English)

This article is concerned with technological change in industry over the last 20 years, its effect on the health of the worker, and the measures taken by the employer to control any risk arising therefrom. Technological change cannot be viewed in isolation. Although advances in technology and the introduction of new processes are the outward and most visible sign of change in work practices, in most cases it is managerial restructuring, political pressures, and changes in legislation which bring about far greater change and which in the long term may have a greater effect on the health of the worker. No industry illustrates this better that the National Health Service and more recently the rapidly expanding private health care sector. (60048)

CIS 93-868 Study of working conditions in drycleaning. (French: Les pressings: Etude des conditions de travail) Béguin-Desroziers C., Léopold C., Libert B., Velon R., Sandret N., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.177-185. Illus. 63 ref. (In French)

Working conditions in dry-cleaning, an industry with many risk factors, were studied and the literature on the subject was reviewed. Main topics discussed: social and occupational characteristics of the industry; methodology of the study; description of workplaces and work stations; strains introduced by the work stations; toxicological hazards; medical surveillance and exposure assessment; hazards and their prevention (chronic exposure to solvents; acute exposure due to inhalation of solvents; accidental ingestion of harmful products; skin and eye burns). (60209)

CIS 93-869 Occupational safety in the hospital environment. (Portuguese: Segurança do trabalho em ambientes hospitalares) Zurita I.E.O., Revista CIPA, Dec. 1992, Vol.14, No.157, p.20-30. Illus. 7 ref. (In Portuguese)

Occupational accidents occurring among Brazilian hospital staff were investigated among approx. 3,000 employees of five hospitals and 30 medical centres. Statistics of accidents occurring during 1987-1992 are presented, noting that the notification of accidents has improved in the past years. Accident data for 1991, in terms of month and day of the week in which they occurred, location of injury, cause, and working area in which they took place are presented. Major hazards and accidents, as well as safety measures to be followed, in different working areas of hospitals, such as laboratories, waste disposal and ionising radiation departments, are reviewed. Safe use of chemical products and fire prevention are also discussed. (60202)

CIS 93-870 Sub-committee report on refuge station guidelines. Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 151p. Illus. (In English)

Guidelines are proposed for the construction of refuge stations in underground mines, the equipment, furnishings and supplies to be provided in refuge stations, and the use of portable refuge stations. Standard procedures for entry into and use inside refuge stations during emergencies are recommended as well as alternate emergency actions in the event people are unable to reach a refuge station. Inspection criteria and frequency requirements for all refuge stations are also proposed. Recommendations include minimum legislated requirements and suggested standards for industry. Appendices include design considerations, reference drawings and supplies/equipment information. (60108)

CIS 93-871 Buckling of offshore structural components - Report of the UK Cohesive Buckling Research Programme 1983-1985. Kenny J.P., Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. xviii, 234p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 110.00., ISBN 0-11-885992-7 (In English)

This report summarises the content of a number of reports, theses and technical publications produced during the course of this research programme. The majority of the projects are concerned with the analysis and design of various large thin-walled steel shells increasingly used as major structural and buoyancy elements in fixed and floating offshore structures. In particular, a study was made of structural damage and its effect on buckling strengths of thin-walled structural components. A complete list of all the programme reports is included. (60200)

CIS 93-872 Plant protection. Grenville D., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 8p. (In English)

Components of a fire protection programme discussed: procedures for hot work; fire suppression systems; training; assessment of future needs. Aspects of plant security covered: marking of tools and equipment; lunch pail and tool box inspections; regular patrols and perimeter surveys; traffic control; authorised contractors or suppliers. (60107)

CIS 93-873 The selection and training of offshore installation managers. Second interim report. Flin R.H., Slaven G.M., Health and Safety Executive, HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, Oct. 1992. iii, 117p. 51 ref. Price: GBP 30.00. (In English)

This interim report presents the findings of an investigation into the selection, training and assessment of Offshore Installation Managers (OIMs) with particular reference to their ability to take command in an offshore emergency. A set of 26 recommendations were made divided into five sections: selection criteria, selection methods, emergency command training, the use of simulated emergencies and formal competence assessment procedures. (60120)

CIS 93-874 Guidelines for laboratory design - Health and safety considerations. DiBerardinis L.J., Gatwood G.T., Baum J.S., Groden E.F., First M.W., Seth A.K., John Wiley and Sons Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, USA, 2nd edition, 1993. xiv, 514p. Illus. 133 ref. Index., ISBN 0-471-55463-4 (In English)

Part 1 of this book contains general technical information that applies to all laboratories. Part 2 gives detailed specifications, including design, loss prevention, industrial hygiene and personal safety, for 18 types of laboratories such as analytical chemistry, clean room, controlled environment, radiation, biosafety, teaching, animal research, microelectronic and printmaking laboratories. Part 3 discusses laboratory support services such as photographic darkrooms, handling of hazardous chemicals, radioactive substances and biological waste. Part 4 concerns administrative procedures. Part 5 describes the heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems with emphasis on laboratory hoods. Part 6 contains appendices on emergency showers, eyewash units, excess flow check valves and warning signs, and a matrix of building considerations for specific laboratory types. (60123)

CIS 93-875 Children and hazardous work in the Philippines. Rialp V., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. x, 72p. 16 ref. Price: CHF 15.00., ISBN 92-2-106474-3 (In English)

This report describes the historical change in emphasis of measures to combat child labour in the Philippines. The change from intervention through legislation to direct action at local level is examined with reference to child involvement in prostitution and deep-sea fishing, both of which present major risks to children. An assessment is made of the crucial role of advocacy, public awareness-raising and community mobilisation in the fight against child labour. The importance of collaboration between agencies and interest groups is also stressed. This report is part of the ILO-Child labour collection. (60223)

CIS 93-876 Child labour in Sri Lanka. Learning from the past. Goonesekere S.W.E., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. x, 77p. 35 ref. Price: CHF 15.00., ISBN 92-2-106473-5 (In English)

This report describes Sri Lankan experience in the problems of child labour and focuses in particular on dangerous and exploitative child labour, the difficulties faced by the Government and the measures developed to deal with the problem. The use of child labour in various hazardous occupations is described, along with national welfare policy and its impact on child labour, labour policy, enforcement and alternative approaches to child labour. This report is part of the ILO-Child labour collection. (60225)

CIS 93-877 Older workers: conditions of work and transition to retirement. Country report: Canada. Trueman M., ILO Publications, International Labour Office, 1211 Genève 22, Switzerland, 1993. iv, 57p. 35 ref., ISBN 92-2-108828-6 (In English)

This Working Paper forms part of an ILO study to analyse policies and programmes in line with action proposed in the Older Workers Recommendation. An overview of the current thinking with regard to the problems of older workers on the labour market in Canada is presented. Measures which enable older workers to continue in employment under satisfactory conditions are discussed, including adaptation of working conditions, reduced worktime, retraining, redeployment and re-entry of women into the workforce along with measures for transition to retirement. Examples of programmes and organisations that have assisted older workers to remain active are given as case studies. (60230)

CIS 93-878 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing worker injuries and deaths caused by falls from suspension scaffolds. Publications Dissemination, DSDTT, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Aug. 1992. 8p. Illus. 13 ref. (In English)

This Alert describes five incidents resulting in six deaths caused by falls from suspension scaffolds. Current and proposed OSHA regulations are outlined. Recommendations to prevent serious injuries and fatal falls include: compliance with relevant regulations; correct design and construction of scaffolds; protection of suspension ropes and harness system drop lines; regular equipment inspection; provision of personal fall protection equipment; worker training. (60165)

CIS 93-879 Deer farming. HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, 1993. 4p. Illus. 5 ref. (In English)

This information sheet provides practical guidance on health and safety in deer farming. Contents: avoidance of personal injury to stockmen during handling and routine husbandry tasks; precautions in the use of veterinary products and tranquillisers; safe methods of removing antlers, managing stock stags and hinds, deer slaughtering; precautions against disease; risks to the general public from public access. (60178)

CIS 93-880 Safe use of combine harvesters. Health and Safety Executive, Crop Production National Interest Group, HSE, Birkbeck House, Trinity Square, Nottingham NG1 4AU, United Kingdom, 1992. 2p. Illus. (In English)

This information sheet lists some of the hazards arising from the use of combine harvesters and advises on how to use them safely. The hazards of exposure to grain dust are also outlined. (60236)

CIS 93-881 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing falls and electrocutions during tree trimming. Publications Dissemination, DSDTT, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Aug. 1992. 9p. Illus. 20 ref. (In English)

This Alert describes eight incidents involving five electrocutions and three fatal falls of tree trimmers. Current OSHA regulations relevant to tree trimming operations are outlined. Recommendations to prevent falls and electrocutions include: compliance with relevant regulations and standards; development and implementation of safety programmes; worker training; hazard identification at the jobsite; protection of workers near power lines; provision of fall protection equipment. (60166)

CIS 93-882 Belt and braces (Quarry vehicle safety). Health and Safety Executive, HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, 1993. 16p. Illus. (In English)

This booklet covers two major factors which contribute to many quarry vehicle accidents: inadequate vehicle brakes and lack of safety banks or barriers. Examples are given of accidents caused by these factors along with guidance on brake testing and maintenance and the construction of safety banks and barriers. Other important safety factors include the use of seatbelts and driver training and assessment. (60204)

CIS 93-883 Guidance on health and safety monitoring in the petroleum industry. Oil Industry Advisory Committee, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. iii, 12p. 4 ref. Price: GBP 2.50., ISBN 0-11-886376-2 (In English)

This guidance note provides a general introduction to the concept of health and safety monitoring in the petroleum industry; it does not give detailed information on how to design a complete system. Contents: definition of a monitoring system; reasons for monitoring; basic features of good systems; working with contractors; aspects covered by a monitoring system; operation of the system. A list of proprietary systems with contact addresses is provided. (60153)

CIS 93-884 Monitoring for health and safety in print - A guide to management action. Printing Industry Advisory Committee, HSE Information Centre, Broad Lane, Sheffield S3 7HQ, United Kingdom, 1992. 16p. 39 ref. (In English)

This booklet explains the need for good health and safety management and how to monitor health and safety performance. Monitoring systems include inspection, checks and evaluation of accidents, near misses and cases of ill health. Action and review following an inspection or investigation is described along with health and safety auditing and quality systems. (60154)

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CIS 93-885 Techno-stress - A psychophysiological study of employees with VDU-associated skin complaints. Berg M., Arnetz B.B., Lidén S., Eneroth P., Kallner A., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.698-701. 18 ref. (In English)

Little is known about the causes of health complaints associated with work with video display units (VDUs). The symptoms are to a large degree similar to those of "multiple chemical sensitivity." We observed 47 white-collar employees with and without VDU-associated skin complaints during a regular workday and a day of leisure. VDU workers with skin symptoms had higher levels of the stress-sensitive hormones thyroxin and prolactin compared with employees without symptoms. They also had lower levels of the anabolic hormone testosterone during work. VDU workers with skin complaints also reported more occupational mental strain. A model is proposed in which physiological signals act as unconditioned stimuli and the VDU environment as the conditioned stimulus. (60063)

CIS 93-886 Computer activity and occupational health. (Spanish: Actividad informática y salud laboral) Ruano Hernández A., Fernández Arias J.C., Mapfre seguridad, 4th Quarter 1992, No.48, p.27-37. Illus. 18 ref. (In Spanish)

Psychological effects of the use of computers are discussed. Attention is focused on two main effects: (a) the introduction of new technologies affects the worker's qualifications; (b) the requirements that new technologies impose with respect to new qualifications. The results of a psychological survey of 147 computer personnel in the Spanish banking sector are presented. Significant variation was observed in relation to the educational background of workers. The main expectations which emerged during psychological examinations were directly related to the dynamics of change that affected the institutions, such as amalgamation, relocation of place of business, and computer systems harmonisation. A syndrome defined as "uncertainty" was observed in many workers. With regard to shift work, psychological fatigue, alterations in sleeping and eating patterns, and difficulties in family relations were observed. A model based on systems theory is presented for the proposed actions of occupational health services to improve the quality of working life in workplaces with computers. Summary in English. (60222)

CIS 93-887 Ergonomics of computer-aided work in the plant - Diagnosis of problems encountered by operators; Recommendations. (French: Ergonomie du travail informatisé en atelier - Diagnostic des contraintes rencontrées par les opérateurs; Recommandations) Guillermain H., Lievin D., Cail F., Krawsky G., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, June 1992. 99p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Twenty-six workplaces were studied. They applied different types of computer-aided tasks (process control, numerically-controlled machining, stock control, fault management, etc.). The data collected at each post were tabulated in a matrix designed to evaluate the appropriateness of the computer tool to the task. This report gives the principal results, interpreted on the basis of a factorial analysis of the data. Noise was an important factor: in several cases, the more poorly adapted a computer tool was to the task at hand, the more disruptive was the effect of the noise. (60250)

CIS 93-888 A guide to the Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations 1992. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1993. iv, 50p. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-11-882049-4 (In English)

Contents of this guidance: interpretation and application of the Regulations; prohibition of certain work outside containment; risk assessment; notification of the intention to use premises for activities involving genetic modification for the first time and notification of individual activities; establishment of a genetic modification safety committee; standards of occupational and environmental safety and health; emergency plans; notification of accidents; disclosure of information notified; register of notifications; information to be sent to the Secretary of State and to the European Commission; enforcement and civil liability. Schedules include a definition of genetic modification and criteria for the classification of organisms. Annexes. (60257)

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CIS 93-889 Freon injection injury to the hand - A report of four cases. Goetting A.T., Carson J., Burton B.T., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.775-778. Illus. 8 ref. (In English)

In each of these cases, workers in the athletic shoe manufacturing industry inadvertently injected concentrated hexafluoroethane into a finger while holding the shoe component and attempting to inject hexafluoroethane. Each case presented symptoms of oedema, limitation of motion, and crepitation. Hand roentgenogrammes revealed subcutaneous gas. Treatment was non-surgical, consisting of splinting, tetanus immunisation, and antibiotics. Rapid resolution of symptoms occurred in all four cases. Hexafluoroethane is relatively inert when injected and has low toxicity. However, potential rapid gaseous expansion warrants observation for pressure injury. (60072)

CIS 93-890 The mineralogy and size of airborne chrysotile and rock fragments - Ramifications of using the NIOSH 7400 method. Wylie A.G., Bailey K.F., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.442-447. Illus. 29 ref. (In English)

The length and width of chrysotile and rock fragments in an asbestos mine have been measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Magnifications of 400x and 19,000x were used on five filters to compare the size distributions of fibres likely to be measured by using phase contrast optical microscopy (PCM) at 400x to those measured by TEM at higher magnifications. At higher magnification the proportion of chrysotile increased. The results suggest that the proportion of fibres obtained by the standard PCM method that are actually asbestos may be lower in the chrysotile asbestos mining environment than that obtained in the commercial asbestos handling environments, which were used in government quantitative risk assessments. Likewise, the use of the PCM National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 7400 method may not be valid in mining environments. TEM analysis of air filters may be necessary to adequately assess chrysotile exposure in mining environments. (60082)

CIS 93-891 A comparison of two dustiness evaluation methods. Carlson K.H., Herman D.R., Markey T.F., Wolff R.K., Dorato M.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.448-454. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

Two test systems for evaluating dustiness, the Stauber-Heubach (S-H) device and the laboratory dust dispenser (LDD), were compared by using two different dusts at different airflow rates. With both devices, the dustiness index increased with airflow rate. Dustiness rankings for the two test dusts were related to the test system used. Particle size measurements were also made to enable calculation of an inhalable dustiness index. The inhalable dustiness index correlated well with the dustiness index for the LDD but not for the S-H. Caution should be used in the interpretation of laboratory dustiness tests; no one instrument or flow rate can absolutely predict dust generation in commercial settings. Dust testing systems provide a relative dust evaluation that may translate qualitatively but not quantitatively to other dust generating systems. Particle size measurements should be incorporated into dustiness tests so that an estimate of inhalable dust may be attempted. (60083)

CIS 93-892 Selective sampling and chemical speciation of airborne dust in ferrous foundries. Perrault G., Dion C., Ostiguy C., Michaud D., Baril M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.463-470. Illus. 47 ref. (In English)

Airborne dust was selectively sampled in three ferrous foundries. Granulometric fractions were analysed to determine the concentrations of dust, crystalline silica, and metal fumes. The trend in airborne dust concentrations seemed to be explained by the extent of natural or mechanical ventilation in the foundries, although the differences between foundries were generally not statistically significant. Quartz was present in large and medium size particles and absent in small (<0.5µm) particles. Lead was always concentrated in the small particle fraction and was preponderant in the foundry where untreated scrap metal was used. The complexity in particle composition increased as the average aerodynamic diameter of the particle decreased. The metallic content of small particles was higher than that of large particles and was related to casting operations. Medium size and large particles seemed to come mainly from the sand and other ingredients used in the moulding operations. (60085)

CIS 93-893 Potential biases arising in the use of cascade impactors to estimate respiratory tract deposition patterns of lead-acid battery plant aerosols. Hodgkins D.G., Robins T.G., Hinkamp D.L., Levine S.P., Schork M.A., Krebs W.H., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Mar. 1992, Vol.7, No.3, p.180-190. Illus. 37 ref. (In English)

The study concentrates on two important limitations of cascade impactors: relative humidity effects on potentially hygroscopic aerosols and the collection characteristics of fibrous aerosols as compared to their actual deposition site potential. The study results suggest that, while potentially hygroscopic lead aerosols from lead-acid battery plant operations do not appear to be affected by changes in plant environmental humidity levels, the potential exists for significant size changes upon inhalation. Secondly, fibres were detected in aerodynamic size ranges that would be associated with deep lung deposition; however, upon microscopic examination, these same fibres would actually be predicted to deposit in the upper airways. The study suggests that the physical-chemical properties and morphological features of an aerosol should be carefully considered by industrial hygienists before cascade impactors are used in attempts to predict the effects of inhaled aerosols. (60097)

CIS 93-894 Evaluation of samplers for airborne agricultural dusts. Griffiths W.D., Journal of Aerosol Science, 1988, Vol.19, No.7, p.1461-1463. 16 ref. (In English)

This brief literature survey outlines the sources of airborne agricultural dust, the potential health hazards and the problems associated with the sampling of such dust. Studies of sampling methods and their intercomparison are reviewed along with investigation protocol. (60118)

CIS 93-895 A survey of industrial floor sweeping machines. Chung K.Y.K., Moss R.F.J., Journal of Aerosol Science, 1988, Vol.19, No.7, p.1467-1470. Illus. 3 ref. (In English)

A field study of the dust generated by different types of industrial floorsweeper is described. The study identified sources of dust released during the floor sweeping process and design features of the machines important in the amount of dust released. Results showed that an uncovered brush can generate as much airborne dust as can manual sweeping. Lack of maintenance is also an important factor in machine performance. Recommendations are given for the design of efficient floorsweepers. (60119)

CIS 93-896 An environmental survey in chrysotile asbestos milling processes in India. Mukherjee A.K., Rajmohan H.R., Dave S.K., Rajan B.K., Kakde Y., Raghavendra Rao S., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.543-551. Illus. 31 ref. (In English)

Environmental monitoring to determine airborne asbestos fibre levels has been carried out in four different mills processing chrysotile asbestos in the Cuddapah District (Andhra Pradesh) of India. The "membrane filter method" comprising standard asbestos sampling techniques, the acetone-triacetin method for sample preparation, fibre counting, and sizing using the phase contrast optical microscope were adopted in the study. Fibre concentrations both with respect to personal exposures and processing areas were found in most of the cases to be much higher than the prescribed TLVs of the developed and developing countries for chrysotile asbestos. By optical microscopy, fibre length distribution measurements showed that 70% of the fibres in the milling processes were in the size range >5-10µm, whereas proportions for the 10-20 and >20µm range were 20% and 8%, respectively. Fibre identification for major elemental content, also done by using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser, indicated the presence of tremolite along with chrysotile. The study stresses the urgent need to adopt suitable engineering controls at dust-generation sources in order to reduce the fibre level in the mill environment to below the threshold limit (2 fibres/cm³ for chrysotile). (60038)

CIS 93-897 Acute high dose exposure to benzene in shipyard workers. Midzenski M.A., McDiarmid M.A., Rothman N., Kolodner K., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.553-565. 44 ref. (In English)

Fifteen degassers were acutely exposed over several days to high concentrations (>60ppm) of benzene during removal of residual fuel (degassing) from shipboard fuel tanks. Medical surveillance evaluation mandated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Benzene Standard initially revealed 11 workers (73%) reporting neurotoxic symptoms while degassing. Workers with more than two days (16 hours) of acute exposure were significantly more likely to report dizziness and nausea than those with two or fewer days of acute exposure. Repeated laboratory analyses performed over a four-month period after the acute exposure revealed at least one haematologic abnormality consistent with benzene exposure in nine (60%) of these degassers. One year later, six workers (40%) had persistent abnormalities. Confined space exposure to petroleum products may be exposing workers to benzene at levels above the OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 1ppm (8h-TWA). This situation warrants further study. (60039)

CIS 93-898 Exposure to neurotoxic metals among workers in Singapore: An overview. Chia S.E., Phoon W.H., Lee H.S., Tan K.T., Jeyaratnam J., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.18-22. 23 ref. (In English)

The extent of occupational exposure to inorganic lead, manganese, arsenic and inorganic mercury in Singapore was determined from the results of Statutory Medical Examinations and environmental monitoring carried out by the Department of Industrial Health in 1989. There were 786 workers exposed to lead. Of these, 7.8% had blood levels greater than 40µg/dL. There were 67 workers exposed to mercury, 11.9% of whom had urinary mercury levels greater than 50µg/L. There were 101 and 144 workers exposed to arsenic and manganese respectively. None of the biological samples exceeded the health-based limits. A review of local studies showed that some of the exposed workers had neurophysiological and neurobehavioural changes. (60044)

CIS 93-899 Mortality of workers exposed to acrylonitrile. Swaen G.M.H., Bloemen L.J.N., Twisk J., Scheffers T., Slangen J.J.M., Sturmans F., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.801-809. 19 ref. (In English)

A retrospective cohort investigation of the potential carcinogenic effects of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile (AN) was conducted on 6,803 workers at eight chemical plants and one control plant, of whom 2,842 had been exposed to AN between 1956 and 1979 for at least six months. An extensive review of the available industrial hygiene data was conducted to assess the magnitude of past exposure to AN, occurrence of peak exposures, exposure to recognised potential human carcinogens, and respirator use. The total cohort was observed for mortality until the end of 1987. The total mortality was lower than expected for exposed and non-exposed cohorts, based on national mortality statistics. The observed cancer mortality in the exposed cohort was similar to the expected mortality. Dose-response relationships and latency for total mortality and lung cancer mortality were analysed. Overall, no indications were found for a carcinogenic effect in this cohort of workers exposed to AN. (60076)

CIS 93-900 Toxicological index and the presence in the workplace of chemical hazards for workers who breast-feed infants. Giroux D., Lapointe G., Baril M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.471-474. 7 ref. (In English)

The Quebec (Canada) Commission de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CSST) Toxicological Index database (Infotox) is involved in the provincial programme for the protective reassignment of workers who breast-feed infants. Infotox provides peer-reviewed information about workplace chemicals that may appear in the mother's milk, possibly to be ingested by the infant. A total of 153 chemicals are presented which are recognised as being involved in some milk transfer. The quality of evidence for hazards to the infant is assessed, providing a basis for administrative decisions involving protective reassignment as well as evaluation of the work environment. (60086)

CIS 93-901 Pulmonary effects of inhaled zinc oxide in human subjects, guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits. Gordon T., Chen L.C., Fine J.M., Schlesinger R.B., Su W.Y., Kimmel T.A., Amdur M.O., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.503-509. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

This study examined the time course and dose-response of the pulmonary injury produced by inhaled zinc oxide (ZnO) in guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, and human volunteers. The lavage fluid from guinea pigs and rats exposed to 5mg/m³ ZnO had significant increases in total cells, lactate dehydrogenase, β-glucuronidase, and protein content. These changes were greatest 24h after exposure. Guinea pig alveolar macrophage function was depressed. Significant changes in lavage fluid parameters were also observed in guinea pigs and rats exposed to 2.5mg/m³ ZnO. In contrast, rabbits showed no increase in biochemical or cellular parameters following a 2h exposure to 5mg/m³ ZnO. Differences in total lung burden of ZnO appeared to account for the observed differences in species responses. Each of the human subjects (n=4) responded with one or more of the classic symptoms of metal fume fever approximately 6-10h after a 2h exposure to 5mg/m³ ZnO, although no changes in pulmonary function were observed. (60088)

CIS 93-902 Determination of 4,4'-bipyridine vapor. Kuo H.W., Wang J.D., Lin J.M., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.514-518. Illus. 14 ref. (In English)

An air-sampling and analytical method was developed and evaluated for the personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour, the major intermediate product in the manufacturing of paraquat. 4,4'-bipyridine vapour was collected in XAD-tubes, desorbed from the tubes with diethyl ether, and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The desorption efficiency of XAD-2 sorbent was 100.7% for the spikes between 0.6 and 12.0µg. A dynamic U-tube system was used for testing the air sampling of known quantities of 4,4'-bipyridine into XAD-2 tubes. An average vapour collection of 96.3% was obtained at average concentrations ranging between 0.07 and 0.7mg/m³ under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. The detection limit of the analytical method was 2ng of 4,4'-bipyridine corresponding to a 0.5µg/sample. It is believed that this method is suitable for personal monitoring of 4,4'-bipyridine vapour. (60089)

CIS 93-903 Dimethylamine in mould core manufacturing: Exposure, metabolism and biological monitoring. Lundh T., Ståhlbom B., Åkesson B., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 2791, Vol.48, No.3, p.203-207. 27 ref. Illus. (In English)

Exposure to dimethylethylamine (DMEA) and metabolism of the substance were studied in 12 mould core makers in four foundries that use the Ashland cold box technique. The mean time weighted average (TWA) full work shift DMEA exposure concentration was 3.7mg/m³. Inhaled DMEA was excreted into urine as the original amine and as its metabolite dimethylethylamine-N-oxide (DMEAO). This metabolite made up a median of 87 (range 18-93)% of the sum of DMEA and DMEAO concentrations excreted into the urine. Occupational exposure did not significantly increase the urinary excretion of dimethylamine or methylethylamine. The data indicate half lives after the end of exposure for DMEA in urine of 1.5h and DMEAO of 3h. Postshift summed concentration of DMEA and DMEAO in plasma and urine is a good indicator of the TWA concentration in air during the workday, and might thus be used for biological monitoring. An air concentration of 10mg/m³ corresponds to a urinary excretion of the summed amount of DMEA and DMEAO of 135 mmol/mol creatinine. (60137)

CIS 93-904 Mutagens in urine sampled repetitively from municipal refuse incinerator workers and water treatment workers. Ma X.F., Babish J.G., Scarlett J.M., Gutenmann W.H., Lisk D.J., Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Dec. 1992, Vol.37, No.4, p.483-494. 19 ref. (In English)

The frequency of mutagens was measured in three urine samples collected at weekly intervals from each of 37 workers in four refuse incinerators and 35 (control) workers from eight water treatment plants. Comparison of the first urine samples showed that incinerator workers had a significantly increased risk of both direct-acting mutagens and promutagens compared to the water treatment workers. There was no significant difference between the two groups for the second and third samples. Factors that influence production of mutagenic compounds during refuse incineration and subsequent worker exposure are discussed. (60219)

CIS 93-905 Structure-activity relationship of a series of sensory irritants. Dudek B.R., Short R.D., Brown M.A., Roloff M.V., Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Dec. 1992, Vol.37, No.4, p.511-518. 9 ref. (In English)

The relative potencies for a series of sensory irritants with structures based on toluene were determined by measuring the airborne concentrations that caused a 50% decrease in respiratory rate (RD50) in Swiss-Webster mice. Toluene, a relatively non-irritating compound, and compounds with chlorine, bromine and iodine substituted at various positions were tested. The structure-activity relationships of the compounds are explained by a model. Large differences were found in sensory irritation potency among the chemicals studied and trends in the RD50s and thus sensory irritation are discussed. (60220)

CIS 93-906 Toxicological assessments in relation to major hazards. Fairhurst S., Turner R.M., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb. 1993, Vol.33, No.2, p.215-227. 30 ref. (In English)

A general approach for determining the toxicological hazard posed by the release of a substance from a major hazard is outlined. The aim of the toxicological assessment is to derive a "toxic load" value and relationship which will be representative of all sets of exposure conditions predicted to produce a chosen Specified Level of Toxicity (SLOT). This "toxic load" can then be used as the basis for calculating the risk from the major hazard. The limitations of the approach and the assumptions made in its adoption are discussed, and reference is made to toxicological assessments produced for specific substances. (60239)

CIS 93-907 d-Limonene exposure to humans by inhalation: Uptake, distribution, elimination, and effects on the pulmonary function. Falk-Filipsson A., Löf A., Hagberg M., Wigaeus Hjelm E., Wang Z., Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Jan. 1993, Vol.38, No.1, p.77-88. Illus. 33 ref. (In English)

The toxicokinetics of d-limonene were studied in human volunteers exposed by inhalation in an exposure chamber at concentrations of approximately 10, 225 and 450mg/m³. The blood clearance of d-limonene observed in this study indicates that the substance is readily metabolised. About 1% of the total uptake was eliminated unchanged in the expired air after the end of the exposure, while approximately 0.003% was eliminated in the urine. A long half-time in blood was observed in the slow elimination phase, which indicates accumulation in adipose tissues. A decrease in vital capacity was observed at the high exposure level. (60253)

CIS 93-908 Study of sperm characteristics in persons occupationally exposed to lead. Lerda D., American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.22, No.4, p.567-571. 23 ref. (In English)

The sperm characteristics of 38 male workers exposed to lead in a battery factory were studied. Sperm analysis was performed after four days of sexual abstinence. Parameters analysed were: volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology. Exposure levels were estimated by measuring the concentration of lead and delta-aminolevulinic acid in the serum. Based on blood lead levels, the tested individuals were divided into three groups: A (12), B (11) and C (15). Significant levels of asthenospermia and teratospermia were found in exposed workers when compared with unexposed controls. Long-term exposure to lead may lead to changes in sperm characteristics and function. (60040)

CIS 93-909 Olfactory impairment after chronic occupational cadmium exposure. Rose C.S., Heywood P.G., Costanzo R.M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.600-605. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

Fifty-five workers with chronic occupational exposure to cadmium fumes in a brazing operation were examined. Cadmium body burden was estimated and cadmium-induced renal damage was assessed. Olfactory function was quantified using a standardised test that measured two components of olfaction, butanol detection threshold and odour identification, and workers were compared with a reference group. Forty-four percent of the cadmium-exposed workers were mildly hyposmic; 13% were either moderately or severely hyposmic. In the reference group, 31% were mildly hyposmic, and the rest were normosmic. The workers with both high urinary cadmium levels and tubular proteinuria had the most significant olfactory dysfunction, with a selective defect in odour detection threshold. The findings suggest that chronic occupational cadmium exposure sufficient to cause renal damage also is associated with impairment in olfactory function. (60052)

CIS 93-910 Neuropsychologic and postural sway improvement after Ca⁺⁺-EDTA chelation for mild lead intoxication. Linz D.H., Barrett E.T., Pflaumer J.E., Keith R.E., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.638-641. 16 ref. (In English)

The case study reports a bridge worker with chronic lead intoxication and borderline whole body lead burden who showed dramatic improvement in postural stability and neuropsychological functioning shortly after a single five-day course of intravenous Ca++-EDTA (calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) as a chelating agent. This case highlights the value of neurobehavioural and postural stability testing in verifying symptoms and documenting response to therapy. The improvement after chelation suggests that central nervous system symptomatology may be reversed in adult patients even when total body lead burden is modest. (60057)

CIS 93-911 Accidental death caused by the absorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol through the skin. Kintz P., Tracqui A., Mangin P., Archives of Toxicology, Apr. 1992, Vol.66, No.4, p.298-299. 7 ref. (In English)

A fatality resulting from skin absorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol is presented. A 33 year-old male disposing of industrial waste was splattered over portions of his right thigh and right arm with a pure solution of the chemical. Less than 10% of his body surface was contaminated. Within 20 minutes he experienced a seizure and collapsed. The compound was quantified using gas chromatography and confirmation was obtained with mass spectrometry. Blood concentration was 24.3mg/L. Other drugs, including ethanol, were not detected. (60060)

CIS 93-912 Activation of blood platelets in workers exposed to organic solvents. Kyvik K.R., Brattebø G., Tysnes O.B., Øyen N., Sandberg S., Riise T., Holmsen H., Aarli J.A., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.687-692. Illus. 26 ref. (In English)

This study describes an evaluation of mean platelet volume (MPV) and total platelet count (TPC) in workers exposed to a mixture of organic solvents in paint factories. A correlation was found between decreased MPV and present exposure. The reduction was reversed within an exposure-free interval of three weeks. The intracellular adenosine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate (ATP/ADP) ratio was significantly increased in exposed workers, compatible with dense granule secretion. A quantitative study of the phosphoinositide cycle in the platelets revealed an increased concentration of the phosphatidic acid, indicating an increased turnover. These findings are consistent with a solvent-induced activation of circulating platelets. (60062)

CIS 93-913 Persistent brominated and chlorinated dioxin blood levels in a chemist 35 years after dioxin exposure. Schecter A., Ryan J.J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.702-707. 38 ref. (In English)

In this case study a chemist, after synthesising 10g of 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzodioxin (TBrDD), suffered from mild and transient chloracne of the neck and wrists. Later in the year (September 1956), after synthesising 16g of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), he suffered severe chloracne of the entire body, headaches, backache, and leg pain on exertion. His measured 2,3,7,8-TBrDD in 1991 was 625 parts per trillion (ppt) in whole blood lipid, 35 years after initial exposure and 18ppt TCDD, an elevated level in comparison with the mean 2,3,7,8-TCDD level of 5ppt in the US population. This is the first reported detection of a brominated dioxin in human tissue. The total halogenated dioxin body burden in September 1956 is estimated to have been between 13,005ppt and 146,726ppt. This uptake demonstrates an occupational hazard to chemists and chemical workers, and the usefulness of human tissue dioxin measurements to document absorption. (60064)

CIS 93-914 Health effects of Halon 1301 exposure. Holness D.L., House R.A., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.722-725. 11 ref. (In English)

An accidental discharge of a Halon 1301 system affecting 33 workers is reported. The incident was complicated by a small Freon-22 leak several hours later. Throat, eye, and nasal irritation and lightheadedness were reported by a majority of the workers. Workers present during the halon discharge reported significantly more lightheadedness, headache, voice change, cough, and a fast heartbeat than did those who worked the later shift, even after correcting for confounding factors. The possible causes for the irritant symptoms include breakdown products of Halon 1301 and Freon-22 or contaminants from the halon discharge system. Although these irritant effects may not be caused by Halon 1301 alone, they may occur in these discharge situations. The possible cardiac and central nervous system effects should also be considered. The importance of a clear-cut protocol to deal with such incidents as well as worker education are discussed. (60067)

CIS 93-915 Pulmonary toxicity following exposure to methylene chloride and its combustion product, phosgene. Snyder R.W., Mishel H.S., Christensen G.C., Chest, Mar. 1992, Vol.101, No.3, p.860-861. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

Chemical paint removers containing methylene chloride, or dichloromethane, are widely used in domestic and industrial settings where exposure to a heat source with conversion to phosgene is possible. A case study is presented of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and subsequent hyperreactive airways following such an exposure. In addition, the various problems that have been associated with exposure to methylene chloride and phosgene are reviewed. (60080)

CIS 93-916 Biological effect monitoring of occupational exposure to 1,3-dichloropropene: Effects on liver and renal function and on glutathione conjugation. Brouwer E.J., Evelo C.T.A., Verplanke A.J.W., van Welie R.T.H., de Wolff F.A., British Journal of Industrial Medicine, Mar. 1991, Vol.48, No.3, p.167-172. 25 ref. Illus. (In English)

A prospective study was performed among Dutch flower-bulb growers to investigate the possible effects of subchronic exposure to the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (DCP) on liver and kidney function and on glutathione conjugation capacity in blood. Urine and venous blood samples from 14 workers applying DCP (applicators) were taken and analysed at the start of the season in July, and after the season in October. Total bilirubin was significantly decreased from 9.5 before to 7.0µmol/L after the season. In combination with an increase in serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity from 12.5 to 19.5U/L this indicates moderate hepatic enzyme induction. The glomerular function parameters albumin in urine and creatinine in serum changed significantly during the season: albumin concentration increased from 5.2 to 7.6mg/L, whereas creatinine excretion decreased from 93.0 to 87.5µmol/L. The tubular function parameter retinol binding protein also increased in concentration from 20.0 to 26.9µg/L. Therefore, a subclinical nephrotoxic effect of subchronic exposure to DCP cannot be excluded. The activity of glutathione S-transferase in erythrocytes was significantly decreased from 4.7 before to 3.3U/g haemoglobin after the season. The same was true for the blood glutathione concentrations, which decreased from 0.93 to 0.82mM. Both parameters seem to be affected by exposure to DCP. (60134)

CIS 93-917 Prognosis of occupational chromate dermatitis. Halbert A.R., Gebauer K.A., Wall L.M., Contact Dermatitis, Oct. 1992, Vol.27, No.4, p.214-219. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

To elucidate further the natural history and prognosis of occupational chromate dermatitis, 120 affected patients, diagnosed between 1980 and 1989, were reviewed. 65% of the patients were construction workers with cement-induced chromate dermatitis. Workers at greatest risk of sensitisation were those mixing bagged cement at the work site. The median age at onset of symptoms was 34 years, with 48% having been exposed to chromate for 5 years or less. Only 37% presented to the dermatologist within 12 months of developing symptoms. 76% of patients had ongoing dermatitis at the time of review. Although 48% of the study population had completely changed their occupation to avoid chromate exposure, symptoms persisted in 69%. In view of the potential chronicity of chromate dermatitis and its associated social and occupational impairment, the addition of ferrous sulfate while mixing bagged cement at the work site is recommended. This simple technique targets the workers at greatest risk of becoming sensitised. (60138)

CIS 93-918 Effect of the mosquito repellent DEET and long-wave ultraviolet radiation on permeation of the herbicide 2,4-D and the insecticide DDT in natural rubber gloves. Moody R.P., Nadeau B., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.436-441. Illus. 12 ref. (In English)

Studies were conducted to determine the effect of a commonly used insect repellant, DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide), on the permeability of rubber gloves used for protection by pesticide applicators. The glove percentage permeation data obtained with 2,4-D (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and DDT showed no significant difference between the chemicals in glove permeability caused by the presence of DEET. Scanning electron microscopy of the natural rubber glove material, however, demonstrated disruption of the surface structure following a 24-hour treatment with DEET. Glove permeation analysis also suggested that exposure of the glove material to long-wave ultraviolet (UVA) radiation enhanced the glove permeability to 2,4-D but had no effect on the permeation of DDT. Because the gloves of pesticide applicators are commonly exposed to solar UVA, this finding may raise safety concerns. (60081)

CIS 93-919 A review of overall integrity and material performance tests for the selection of chemical protective clothing. Stull J.O., White D.F., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, July 1992, Vol.53, No.7, p.455-462. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

This paper offers guidelines for selecting chemical protective clothing for two levels of clothing performance, vapour protection and liquid splash protection. Each level of performance is defined by an appropriate clothing integrity and material barrier test available in American Society for Testing and Materials and the National Fire Protection Association standards. Vapour protective performance requires gas-tight integrity as found on totally encapsulating suits with suit materials offering permeation resistance to the chemical of interest. Liquid splash protective performance can be demonstrated by a shower-like test for liquid-tight integrity and suit materials that resist penetration by liquids. Other factors such as durability, strength, comfort, and function should also be considered. The decision for vapour versus liquid splash protection depends on the hazards of the chemical, the duration of exposure, and other work environment factors. (60084)

CIS 93-920 A theoretical model for respirator cartridge service life for binary systems - Application to acetone/styrene mixtures. Yoon Y.H., Nelson J.H., Lara J., Kamel C., Fregeau D., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Aug. 1992, Vol.53, No.8, p.493-502. Illus. 19 ref. (In English)

A theoretical model, previously developed to assess respirator cartridge service life, was applied to various acetone/styrene two-component (binary) assault systems. Experimental data were interpreted in terms of the model. The specific influence of the compound assault concentrations on respirator cartridge service life was studied, as breakthrough curves were generated for both acetone and styrene for each of several different binary systems. An interesting phenomenon observed for the acetone/styrene systems was the displacement (from the carbon) of previously adsorbed acetone molecules by styrene molecules. The study showed that the service life of cartridges exposed to acetone/styrene mixtures depends on the assault concentration of each compound and is significantly shortened by the displacement phenomenon. (60087)

CIS 93-921 Respirator performance rating tables for nontemperate environments. Johnson A.T., Grove C.M., Weiss R.A., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.548-555. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

Respirator performance rating tables have been constructed for hot, humid (29°C, 95% RH); hot, dry (49°C, 30% RH); and cold, dry (-32°C, 70% RH) conditions. These tables convey expected wearer performance percentages compared to unmasked workers for various mask elements and work rates. The hot, humid condition was found to be the most severe overall. Many table entries approach 100%, thus leading to difficulties in correcting mask deficiencies. (60092)

CIS 93-922 Aerosol penetration through filtering facepieces and respirator cartridges. Chen C.C., Lehtimäki M., Willeke K., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.566-574. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

Air-purifying respirators are certified following the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) filter test criteria, which specify a range for the mean particle size and the measure of spread permissible for the test aerosol. Filtering facepieces (disposable respirators) and cartridges of the dust-mist, dust-mist-fume, and high-efficiency particulate air type were tested. Under the same test conditions, the "quality factor" (aerosol penetration and pressure drop) of one respirator may be up to 6.6 times greater than that of another of the same type. The filter quality factor has a greater aerosol size dependency as airflow and aerosol size increase. In general, cartridges have a larger surface area than filtering facepieces but not necessarily lower filter penetration or higher filter quality. Data analysis shows that the best dust-mist respirator tested may provide five times more protection than the worst dust-mist respirator. (60093)

CIS 93-923 Permeation measurements of chemical agent simulants through protective clothing materials. Pal T., Griffin G.D., Miller G.H., Watson A.P., Daugherty M.L., Vo-Dinh T., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Jan. 1993, Vol.33, No.1, p.123-141. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

Thirteen different chemical protective clothing materials having widely differing compositions were chosen to study the permeation of four different liquid chemical warfare simulants (dimethyl methyl phosphonate, diisopropyl methyl phosphonate, malathion, and dibutyl sulfide). The permeation study involved a newly developed analytical technique employing room temperature fluorescence quenching of an indicator compound, phenanthrene, on filter paper. Various experimental factors such as breakthrough time, rate of permeation and uptake were investigated. (60142)

CIS 93-924 Pesticides in the cultivation of carnations in greenhouses - Part I. Exposure and concomitant health risk. Brouwer D.H., Brouwer R., De Mik G., Maas C.L., Van Hemmen J.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.575-581. Illus. 36 ref. (In English)

Respiratory exposure and dermal exposure of the hands and forearms to four pesticides have been measured in 18 farms for carnation culture. For 94 workers, the geometric mean dermal exposure rate during flower cutting was 10.1mg/h and during sorting/bundling by 35 workers the dermal exposure rate was 7.3mg/h. The average concentration in air as measured by personal air sampling during cutting after a pesticide had been dusted was 0.7mg/m³. For the same area, pesticide spraying exposed the applicator to a dermal exposure seven times higher than dusting. However, during dusting respiratory exposure was higher. Generally, overall exposure is higher during manual activities in treated crops than during application. Risk to health occurs after application of pesticides that are relatively toxic and show relatively good skin-penetrating properties at relatively high application rates. The respiratory exposure to dusted pesticides may in some situations also result in health risks. (60094)

CIS 93-925 Pesticides in the cultivation of carnations in greenhouses - Part II. Relationship between foliar residues and exposures. Brouwer R., Brouwer D.H., Tijssen S.C.H.A., Van Hemmen J.J., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.582-587. Illus. 30 ref. (In English)

The relationship between the levels of dermal and respiratory exposure to four pesticides and the amount of pesticide on the leaves of the plants has been studied during the cutting of carnations in 18 farms. Dermal exposure is strongly related to the amount of dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR). A transfer factor from leaves to hands of approximately 4500cm²/h has been calculated. Dermal exposure of hands and forearms can be predicted from measurements of DFR. The DFR was mainly determined by the amount of the pesticide remaining from previous applications and the last application rate, not by the application technique (spraying or dusting). The concentrations in the breathing zone after dusting of zineb (dustable powder) and chlorothalonil (wettable powder) were significantly correlated with DFR. The concentrations of thiram did not correlate with DFR. Respiratory exposure results from dispersion of foliar dust containing pesticides. (60095)

CIS 93-926 Occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a smelter exposed to zinc fumes. Ameille J., Brechot J.M., Brochard P., Capron F., Dore M.F., Chest, Mar. 1992, Vol.101, No.3, p.862-863. Illus. 9 ref. (In English)

A smelter exposed to zinc fumes reported severe recurrent episodes of cough, dyspnoea and fever. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) showed a marked increase in lymphocyte count with predominance of CD8 T-lymphocytes. Presence of zinc in alveolar macrophages was assessed by analytic transmission electron microscopy. This is the first case of recurrent bronchoalveolitis related to zinc exposure in which the clinical picture and BAL results indicate a probable hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (60090)

CIS 93-927 Occupational exposure of truck drivers to dust and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons: A pilot study in Geneva, Switzerland. Guillemin M.P., Herrera H., Huynh C.K., Droz P.O., Vu Duc T., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1992, Vol.63, No.7, p.439-447. Illus. 32 ref. (In English)

The exposure of 15 truck drivers from Geneva, Switzerland, to dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the driver's cabin was determined and compared with a control group of six office workers. The drivers were divided into smokers and non-smokers and into long-distance and local drivers. Total dust exposure of the local truck drivers of 0.3mg/m³ was three times higher than that of the long-distance drivers and the control group. A similar difference was obtained for the exposure to PAH except that the controls assumed a middle position. Smoking had no influence on the exposure to dust and PAH. The results do not explain why lung cancer is more prevalent among truck drivers than in other professional groups. (60234)

CIS 93-928 Cobalt cardiomyopathy - A report of two cases from mineral assay laboratories and a review of the literature. Jarvis J.Q., Hammond E., Meier R., Robinson C., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.620-626. Illus. 46 ref. (In English)

Two young men employed in the mineral assay industry developed non-inflammatory cardiomyopathy. By review of clinical findings, elicitation of occupational and environmental histories, work-site evaluations, and ascertainment of tissue cobalt levels, Nevada Public Health authorities confirmed these cases to be due to occupational cobalt exposure. Hair and heart cobalt levels were elevated for the cases, but control samples had no detectable cobalt. Excess ischaemic heart disease mortality among cobalt-exposed workers may reflect misdiagnosis of cardiomyopathy. (60055)

CIS 93-929 Exposures to polyvinyl chloride, methyl ketone and other chemicals - The pulmonary and non-pulmonary effect. Oleru U.G., Onyekwere C., International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1922, Vol.63, No.7, p.503-507. 13 ref. (In English)

Pulmonary function impairment and neurological disorders, such as headache, insomnia, dizziness and skin irritation, were the symptoms found among workers of a shoe factory in Nigeria. Pulmonary function impairment was most prominent among the workers exposed to polyvinyl chloride. The exposure levels were measured to range from 0.2 to 4.0ppm. The observed neurological disorders occurred most frequently in the group of workers exposed to methyl ethyl ketone and other chemicals. (60235)

CIS 93-930 Dust sampling in the heavy clay industry. Baker F.H., Tile and Brick International, 1991, Vol.7, No.5, p.345-353. Illus. 16 ref. (In English)

The cost of regular monitoring of the workplace atmosphere can be substantial, especially when evaluation of samples taken on filters involves both qualitative and quantitative determinations of individual constituents. However, there are factory processes in which the proportion of individual elements within all the samples remains relatively constant. This means that statistical methods may be used to predict the concentration of an individual element from the much simpler exercise of sampling the whole. The application of this method to the determination of respirable quartz in the clay brick and tile industries is described. (60099)

CIS 93-931 Use of the physical properties of an aerosol for the measurement of the size and concentration of its particles. Applications. (French: Exploitation des propriétés physiques d'un aérosol pour la mesure de la taille des particules et de leur concentration. Applications) Bemer D., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 1991. 135p. Illus. 77 ref. (In French)

Thesis. A theoretical study of the scattering of light by a particle enabled the modelling of the response of an optical particle counter (OPC) and thus to carry out granulometric measurements by taking account of the index of refraction of the particles. The study of other corrective calculations on cascade impactors and the OPC resulted in an increase in the precision of measurements made with these devices, thus permitting comparison of several aerosols. The search for the most practical method of determining the granulometry of an aerosol as a function of the aerodynamic diameter of its particles led to an examination of the possibility of calibrating an OPC at the aerodynamic level with the help of a virtual impactor. This study showed that the aerodynamic granulometries obtained with the different devices are relatively well correlated if the physical properties of the aerosol are known with sufficient precision to permit the use of the appropriate corrective calculations. (60265)

CIS 93-932 Toxicology of substances in relation to major hazards. Sulphuric acid mist. Turner R.M., Fairhurst S., Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 21p. 22 ref. Price: GBP 3.50., ISBN 0-11-886306-1 (In English)

This report reviews the available toxicological data on sulfuric acid mist in order to derive the "dangerous toxic load" (DTL). Because of severe limitations in the data available and variation in toxicity with changes in aerosol particle size, considerable uncertainty exists in the derivation of the DTL for sulfuric acid mist. It is suggested that for risk analyses based on a mist with average particle size of around 1µ, the following relationship is used: DTL = 2.16 x 10⁵ (mg/m³)²min. A table summarises observations made during single exposure inhalation studies in animals. (60115)

CIS 93-933 International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals - Computerized listing of chemicals being tested for toxic effects. International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Palais des Nations, 1211 Genève 10, Switzerland, June 1992. v, 350p. (In English)

The UNEP/ILO/WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the UNEP International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC) are jointly operating a Registry for Chemicals Currently being Tested for Toxic Effects (CCTTE) other than carcinogenicity. This document is the sixth edition of the CCTTE Registry. For each chemical listed, details are given of its use and toxicological tests (exposure route, dose frequency and duration, type of study and name and address of organisation). Also included is a registry of critical reviews developed on chemicals by international organisations and others. (60122)

CIS 93-934 Hydrogen peroxide. European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, 4 Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse (Bte. 6), 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Jan. 1993. 141p. ca.440 ref. (In English)

This document presents a critical assessment of the toxicology and ecotoxicology of hydrogen peroxide. In humans exposed for 4h the irritation threshold for the respiratory tract was 10mg/m³ and for the skin 20mg/m³. At these concentrations eye and throat irritation as well as gradual bleaching of hair have been reported. At concentrations at or below the present occupational exposure limit of 1.4mg/m³, only hair bleaching has been observed; this may, however, also have been caused by hydrogen peroxide transferred from the hands to the hair. Advice is given on first aid and safe handling. (60126)

CIS 93-935 Alternatives to CFCs and halons - Technologies and substitutes. Fortbildungszentrum Gesundheits- und Umweltschutz Berlin e.V., Berlin, 1992. 624p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Proceedings of an international conference on alternatives to CFCs and halons - technologies and substitutes held in Berlin, Germany, 24-26 February 1992. Papers are presented under the following headings; legal measures, political assessments and prospects; insulation materials; halons; refrigeration technology; depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer, ecological and toxicological evaluation of substitutes; household refrigeration, heating technology and automobile air conditioning; solvents and cleaning agents; other CFC applications and waste management; the situation in the developing countries, technology transfer and prospects. (60127)

CIS 93-936 PCBs in underground mines. Mine Safety and Health Administration, United States Department of Labor, USA. 6p. (In English)

This leaflet explains the responsibilities of owners or users of electrical equipment containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Trade names of PCBs commonly found in transformers and capacitors are listed along with the requirements of US Federal regulations with respect to the registration, storage, inspection and disposal of PCB-containing equipment. (60151)

CIS 93-937 1,1,1-Trichloroethane. Dobson S., Jensen A.A., International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 117p. ca.440 ref. Price: CHF 17.00 (in developing countries: CHF 11.90)., ISBN 92-4-157136-5 (In English)

The acute and chronic toxicities of 1,1,1-trichloroethane are fairly low, although under conditions of high exposure there is a risk of toxic effects. The critical effect in humans relates to the central nervous system, leading to unconsciousness and respiratory arrest at high concentrations. Since the compound is volatile and the vapour is much more dense than air, toxic and explosive concentrations may occur unexpectedly in confined spaces such as the bottom of empty tanks and container vessels. This has caused several fatal and near-fatal accidents. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish. (60161)

CIS 93-938 A guide to the classification of preparations containing carcinogens, mutagens and teratogens. European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre, 250 Avenue Louise (Bte. 63), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, July 1990. 49p. 16 ref. (In English)

This report describes a mechanism for determining the specific concentration limits which should be applied to carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic substances for the classification of preparations and it outlines indicative criteria for the choice of these limits in particular cases. The determination of specific concentration limits for preparations is also described. It is recommended that toxicological test data on preparations, when available, should be allowed to contribute to the classification of preparations. (60162)

CIS 93-939 Skin irritation. European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre, 250 Avenue Louise (Bte. 63), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, July 1990. 77p. 118 ref. (In English)

This monograph describes various aspects of the assessment of the skin irritation/corrosive potential of substances and preparations including a description and critique of the current EEC methodology and the use of alternative testing procedures. The way in which skin irritation test results can be interpreted in terms of hazard to man is also discussed along with the classification of skin irritants. A sequential procedure for the assessment of skin irritation potential is proposed which is conservative in the use of animals and compatible with regulatory needs. (60163)

CIS 93-940 Toxicology of substances in relation to major hazards - Hydrogen fluoride. Meldrum M., Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, revised 1993. 11p. 18 ref. Price: GBP 3.25., ISBN 0-11-882100-8 (In English)

This revised review (see CIS 91-582 for previous edition) examines the "dangerous toxic load" (DTL) for hydrogen fluoride, in accordance with the principles of toxicological assessment described in the HSE publication "Assessment of the toxicity of major hazard substances" (see CIS 90-1985). Contents: physicochemical properties of hydrogen fluoride; toxicological data available in humans and animals; derivation of DTL. Tables show LC₅₀ values for hydrogen fluoride in animals and observations from single exposure inhalation studies in animals. A DTL value of 12,000ppm/min is suggested for use in risk analyses. (60174)

CIS 93-941 COSHH audit : Control of Substances Hazardous to Health - A complete guide to undertaking a COSHH audit for your business. HASTAM, Mercury Books, Gold Arrow Publications Ltd., 862 Garratt Lane, London SW17 0NB, United Kingdom, 1991. xiv, 106p. Price: GBP 29.50., ISBN 1-85252-098-1 (In English)

This manual is designed to assist companies in assessing compliance with the British Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH, CIS 89-1092) 1988. Each section deals with a specific aspect of compliance: management of substances; assessment of operations; control measures - substances and ventilation; personal protective equipment; exposure monitoring; health surveillance; further provisions. In addition, each section contains guidance notes and checklists usable for the identification of chemical hazards within enterprises. (60198)

CIS 93-942 Environmental hazard assessment of substances. European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Boîte 6, 1160 Bruxelles, Belgium, Jan. 1993. 92p. 46 ref. (In English)

This report describes the development of a process for the environmental hazard assessment of substances, including principles and practical approaches. The assessment of whether a substance presents a hazard to environmental organisms is based on a comparison of the predicted environmental concentration (PEC) with the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) to organisms in ecosystems. In this approach, the estimation of PEC values is based on exposure model calculations and PNEC values on toxicological data. It was demonstrated that, for the limited number of substances tested and using PNEC values for aquatic organisms only, the proposed approach represents a workable system for the aquatic environment. (60231)

CIS 93-943 Analysis of dangerous substances. (German: Gefahrstoff-Analytik) Leichnitz K., Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Justus-von-Leibig-Str. 1, 86899 Landsberg/Lech, Germany, 26. Ergänzungslieferung, Feb. 1993. 200p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 3-609-73284-9 (In German)

Update to the loose-leaf collection of methods for monitoring compliance with exposure limits and antipollution laws, and for analysis of process gases. This installment follows that abstracted under CIS 93-264. It includes the texts of the Equipment Safety Law (Gerätesicherheitsgesetz), of Technical Rule TRGS 102, giving Technical Indicative Concentrations (Technische Richtkonzentrationen, TRK) for substances that have no official Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAK), of European Directive 92/32/EEC (CIS 92-726), which amends for the seventh time the Directive on the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances, 67/548/EEC, and of a policy statement on European standardisation in the area of occupational safety and health that has been adopted jointly by the German Federal Ministry of Labour, the competent authorities in the States, insurers, the social partners and the German Standards Institute (DIN). (60241)

CIS 93-944 Internal seminar: "Sampling strategies" - Collected summaries of presentations. (French: Séminaire interne: "Stratégie de prélèvement" - Recueil des résumés des communications) Cicolella A., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Jan. 1992. 119p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Summaries of 13 presentations from a seminar held by the French National Research and Safety Institute (INRS) at Vandœuvre, France, 28 March 1991: three on noise, five on chemicals, three on physical factors, one on biological sampling and one on ergonomics. (60247)

CIS 93-945 Cadmium. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 280p. ca.750 ref. Price: CHF 31.00 (developing countries: CHF 21.70)., ISBN 92-4-157134-9 (In English)

High inhalation exposure to cadmium oxide fume results in acute pneumonitis with pulmonary oedema, which may be lethal. Long-term occupational exposure to cadmium has caused severe chronic effects, in particular, lung changes, primarily characterised by chronic obstructive airway disease, and renal tubular dysfunction. Other effects include disturbances in calcium metabolism, hypercalciuria and formation of renal stones. There is evidence that long-term occupational exposure to cadmium may contribute to the development of lung cancer, although observations are difficult to interpret because of confounding factors. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish. (60251)

CIS 93-946 Cadmium - Environmental aspects. International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, 1992. 156p. ca.360 ref. Price: CHF 19.00 (developing countries: CHF 13.30)., ISBN 92-4-157135-7 (In English)

This book evaluates the threat to ecosystems posed by contamination of the environment from natural and industrial sources of cadmium. Cadmium is readily accumulated by many organisms, particularly by microorganisms and molluscs. It is toxic to a wide range of microorganisms, the main effects being on growth and replication. Recommendations for protecting the environment include reduction of cadmium emissions from smelters, incinerators, sewage sludge applied to the land, phosphate fertilisers and cadmium-containing manure. Detailed summaries in French and Spanish. (60252)

CIS 93-947 Directory of agents being tested for carcinogenicity - Number 15. Ghess M.J., Wilbourn J., Vainio H., International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Distribution and Sales Service, 1211 Genève 27, Switzerland, June 1992. viii, 314p. Bibl.ref. Indexes. Price: CHF 60.00., ISBN 92-832-1315-7 (In English)

This directory is based on a questionnaire survey circulated by IARC to laboratories around the world engaged in long-term carcinogenicity testing. It contains data received from 82 institutes in 22 countries on 796 chemicals/agents. Of the chemicals/groups of chemicals tested, 35 have already been found to be definitely associated with human cancer, and for 68 there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. For each laboratory, the directory provides the following information: name, address, fax number, responsible officer. For each research project concerning a chemical, information is given on: name of substance; CAS number; use category (see Appendix VII for list); species/strain of test animal; exposure route, dose levels and purity; starting date and stage of experiments; principal investigators. Countries reporting on projects: Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia (Slovakia), Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russian Federation, South Africa, Sweden, United Kingdom, USA. Previous editions of this directory were published as: Information Bulletin on the Survey of Chemicals being tested for Carcinogenicity. (60267)

CIS 93-948 Clean air at work: New trends in assessment and measurement for the 1990s. Brown R.H., Curtis M., Saunders K.J., Vandendriessche S., Royal Society of Chemistry, Turpin Distribution Services Ltd., Blackhorse Road, Letchworth SG6 1HN, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom, 1992. xvi, 507p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index. Price: GBP 65.00., ISBN 0-85186-217-9 (In English)

Proceedings of the International Conference on Clean Air at Work - New Trends in Assessment and Measurement for the 1990s held in Luxembourg, 9-13 September 1991. Papers are presented under the following headings: legal background and standards; measurement methodology (practical and changing needs, gases and vapours, aerosols); data and information management; indoor air; measurement quality; future needs. A summary report with conclusions and recommendations for further action is included. (60150)

CIS 93-949 Environment audit - A complete guide to undertaking an environmental audit for your business. HASTAM, Mercury Books, Gold Arrow Publications Ltd., 862 Garratt Lane, London SW17 0NB, United Kingdom, 1991. xiv, 152p. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 1-85252-100-7 (In English)

This manual allows the systematic checking on the adequacy of environmental management efforts within an organisation and helps to identify targets for action. Each section deals with a specific aspect of the management of environmental affairs: policy and resources; operations; products; waste; emissions and discharges; energy; transport; people and tasks; land and premises; change; emergencies and special cases; monitoring of feedback. In addition, each section contains guidance notes and checklists usable for the identification of environmental problems within enterprises. (60199)

CIS 93-950 Pesticides in Sri Lanka: Documentation of selected literature and legal aspects. Fernando R., Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 14, Rotunda Gardens, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka, 1989. ix, 255p. Illus. Bibl.ref., ISBN 955-607-001-X (In English)

This book is a collection of selected literature and legal documentation concerning pesticides use in Sri Lanka. The literature covers general and economic aspects; methods of pest control in agriculture, especially in rice, vegetables and tea production; occupational exposure to pesticides and safety and health at work; and medical and clinical aspects of pesticide poisoning. The legal documentation includes the Control of Pesticides Act No.33 of 1980, the additional regulations of 1985, a list of prohibited pesticides and the list of products registered under the Act including their common names, trade names, formulations and uses. (60050)

CIS 93-951 The pesticide hazard: A global health and environmental audit. Dinham B., The Pesticides Trust, Zed Books Ltd., 57 Caledonian Road, London N1 9BU, United Kingdom and 165 First Ave., Atlantic Hughlands, NJ 07716, USA, 1993. 228p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Index., ISBN 1-85649-201-X (hard), ISBN 1-85649-202-8 (soft) (In English)

World survey of pesticide use, and of the effects of pesticides on health and the environment. Contents: introduction (background, international regulation, controls on pesticide trade); trading in pesticides; health and safety (number of workers exposed, particular problem of agricultural labourers, low-income countries and unreliable statistics, chronic exposure, overreporting of suicides, aerial spraying, problems of storage and disposal, food contamination, problems of medical diagnosis of pesticide poisoning, labelling issues); environmental issues; country reports (Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Paraguay, Venezuela, Egypt, South Africa, India, Malaysia). In annex: questionnaire survey addressed to major agrochemical corporations, and a summary of the responses; producers of PIC (Prior Informed Consent) pesticides still available and of potential PIC pesticides. Glossary. (60351)

CIS 93-952 Seminar "Insulating mineral wools in construction - Health effects". (French: Journée d'étude: "Les laines minérales isolantes dans le bâtiment - Effets sur la santé") Kauffer E., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, June 1992. 122p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Extended abstracts, illustrations and references of the eight contributions presented at an international seminar organised by the French National Research and Safety Institute at Vandœuvre, France, on 10 Dec. 1991. Titles: manufacture of insulating mineral wools; installing insulation; irritant dermatitis due to glass fibre; toxicity of mineral wools: experimental data; penetration, deposition, clearance and persistence of mineral fibres; long-term effects of artificial mineral fibres on health; exposure to artificial mineral wools in the installation of insulating materials; preventive measures in the use of insulating mineral wools in construction. (60249)

CIS 93-953 Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. Vol.B. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, P.O. Box 10 11 61, D-W-6940 Weinheim, Germany, 5th ed., 1990. 4 vols. xv, 825p.; xvii, 584p.; xv, 685p.; xvii, 625p. Illus. Bibl.ref. Price: DEM 1960.00., ISBN 3-527-20139-4 (In English)

Set of four current volumes of an eight-volume series scheduled for completion in 1995. Safety issues are mentioned explicitly in Vol.B4 on reaction engineering and plant design, and in the chapters of Vol.B1 on mathematical modelling, dimensional analysis, construction materials, nondestructive testing and information and documentation. This last chapter provides a comprehensive review of information sources and their use, including specific occupational safety and health sources. Other chapters in B1: mathematics in chemical engineering; transport phenomena; fluid mechanics; estimation of physical properties; corrosion; abrasion and erosion; mechanical properties and testing of metallic materials; patents. Vols.B2 and B3 cover unit operations. Potential hazards or causes of equipment failure are discussed in several chapters. (60260)

CIS 93-954 General methods for the gravimetric determination of respirable and total inhalable dust. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, revised Jan. 1993. 8p. Illus. 5 ref. Price: GBP 2.50., ISBN 0-11-882046-X (In English)

The methods described in this revised guidance note apply to the determination of most kinds of particulate dust and fumes in the workplace, except cotton dust, lead dust, coal tar pitch volatiles and respirable dust in coal mines. Sampling systems, filters and procedures are described separately for personal and background sampling. Scope of the methods: the lower limit of detection is determined primarily by the length of the sampling period and the sensitivity of the balance used to weigh the collected sample. This guidance note is a revision of previous MDHS notes with the same number published in 1983 (CIS 84-1237), 1986 (CIS 88-950) and 1989 (CIS 90-1995). (60173)

CIS 93-955 Ventilation. Industrial Accident Prevention Association, 250 Yonge Street, 28th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2N4, Canada, 1989. 6p. Illus. 2 ref. Price: CAD 2.35 (CAD 1.15 IAPA members)., ISBN 1-55127-006-4 (In English)

Contents of this revised guidance note (see CIS 91-1699 for previous edition): general and local exhaust systems and their components; hazards of poor or no ventilation; control (inspection, testing, training); maintenance of the hood system, duct work, collecting devices, motors and fans; legislation. A sample checklist is appended. (60116)

CIS 93-956 Integrated international safety guidelines for pesticide formulation in developing countries. United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO), Vienna, Austria, 1992. 72p. 25 ref. (In English)

These guidelines are intended for industries and governments, and address problems of safety, health and the environment that may arise in the formulation of pesticides. Issues associated with the formulation of pesticides in developing countries are summarised along with the hazards of various formulations. The guidelines are presented in sections dealing with operational, occupational, environmental and managerial issues, and the roles of government and industry. (60114)

CIS 93-957 Control of substances hazardous to health: Control of carcinogenic substances - Approved Codes of Practice. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 4th ed., 1993. viii, 60p. Price: GBP 4.50., ISBN 0-11-882085-0 (In English)

These Codes of Practice replace those previously published in 1991 (see CIS 92-590). They provide guidance on the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (see CIS 89-1092). Contents of the general code: assessment of health risks; prevention or control of exposure; use and maintenance of control measures; exposure monitoring; health surveillance; information and training for persons likely to be exposed. Schedules include substances assigned maximum exposure limits and substances prohibited for certain purposes. The code on carcinogens amplifies certain aspects of the general code as they relate to carcinogenic substances and lists those substances and processes to which the code applies. An appendix gives background information on occupational cancer. (60177)

CIS 93-958 Guidance note for completion of a material safety data sheet. National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (Worksafe Australia), Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, 3rd ed., Oct. 1991. ix, 70p. Bibl.ref., ISBN 0-644-12878-X (In English)

Update of guidance notes published in 1986 and 1990 (see CIS 87-625 and 91-1971). Contents: introduction (provision of information, review and re-issue of material safety data sheets (MSDS), MSDS and expert advice); general guidelines; introductory and company details; identification of chemicals; health hazard information (health effects, first aid, advice to doctors); precautions for use; safe handling information; other information (animal toxicity data, ecotoxicity data, biodegradability, persistence in soil and water); contact points. Appendices: survey of Australian legislation (at the Commonwealth and State level) relating to the provision of information on substances used at work; information sources relevant to the compilation of MSDS; sample MSDS form; hazchem codes; sources for Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers; MSDS checklist; glossary of terms. (60203)

CIS 93-959 Occupational exposure to cadmium. OSHA Publications Office, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Room N3101, Washington, DC 20210, USA, 1992. 24p. 12 ref. (In English)

This booklet provides a guide to compliance with OSHA's rule establishing a new permissible exposure limit (PEL) for cadmium of 5µg/m³ along with other protective provisions. Guidance is given on the provisions of the rule (exposure limits, exposure monitoring, medical surveillance, regulated work areas) and methods of compliance (written compliance programme, engineering and work practice controls, personal protective equipment, respirators, hygiene facilities, housekeeping practices, training programme). (60237)

CIS 93-960 Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis due to constituents of plastics. (French: Les dermites de contact par irritation et par allergie aux constituants de matières plastiques) Foussereau J., Cavelier C., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.263-291. Illus. ca.340 ref. (In French)

This information note deals with skin irritation and allergies due to the constituents of plastics (monomers, oligomers, starting materials hardeners, additives); fully polymerised plastics are not allergenic. Constituents are classified by type and frequency of skin damage: irritants (cyanoacrylates and allylic polyesters); frequently allergenic products (epoxies, acrylates and methacrylates); rarely allergenic products (some aminoplasts and phenoplasts, polyurethanes, unsaturated polyesters, vinyl plastics, cellulosic polyethers, other resins and additives). The impact of these products on the skin is more a function of their chemical properties than of the amounts occurring in a given formulation. The observed broad distribution of dermatoses reflects the diversity of plastics manufactured and the number of subjects involved in their production. (60254)

CIS 93-961 Veterinary medicines - Safe use by farmers and other animal handlers. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. iii, 16p. Illus. 26 ref. Price: GBP 3.50., ISBN 0-11-886361-4 (In English)

This guidance note provides practical advice on the storage and use of veterinary medicines by farmers, veterinary surgeons and other animal handlers. Contents: definition of a veterinary medicine; legal obligations; principles for safe use; effective planning and preparation; competence of users; suitable storage and transport; safe use (hygiene, health surveillance, action in the event of an accident, accident reporting); proper disposal; maintenance of accurate records. Relevant legislation is summarised. (60157)

CIS 93-962 NIOSH Alert - Request for assistance in preventing silicosis and deaths in rock drillers. Publications Dissemination, DSDTT, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA, Aug. 1992. 13p. Illus. 41 ref. (In English)

This Alert describes 23 cases of silicosis from exposure to crystalline silica during rock drilling. Current exposure limits are described along with the health effects of crystalline silica exposure (chronic, accelerated and acute silicosis). Recommendations to reduce exposure include: initial assessment of potential for worker exposure; air monitoring; control measures such as wet drilling and exhaust ventilation; personal hygiene; protective clothing; respiratory protection; medical monitoring; warning signs; training; surveillance and disease reporting. (60164)

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CIS 93-963 Hazard evaluation of sulphide dust explosions. Liu Q., Katsabanis P.D., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Jan. 1993, Vol.33, No.1, p.35-49. Illus. 17 ref. (In English)

Experiments on sulfide dust explosibility were conducted in a 1m³ explosion chamber. Explosibility parameters for sulfide dust were determined and compared with other types of dusts. The lower explosive limit for a sulfide dust with a sulfur content of 29.86% by weight was found to be 300g/m³. Using non-aluminised explosives to simulate the ignition source in underground mines, the product of the heat of explosion of the explosive and the minimum weight of explosive required for the ignition of the dust was found to be approximately constant, suggesting that it represents a minimum ignition criterion. (60141)

CIS 93-964 NFPA reports on US fire fighter injuries in 1991. Karter M.J., LeBlanc P.R., NFPA Journal, Nov.-Dec. 1992, Vol.86, No.6, p.56-65. Illus. (In English)

This report is based on data collected by the 1991 NFPA Survey of Fire Departments for US Fire Experience. It includes: an estimate of the total number of 1991 firefighter injuries; estimates of the number of injuries by type of duty; trends in firefighter injuries and injury rates from 1987 to 1991; fireground injuries by cause; fire department vehicle accidents and resulting firefighter injuries; average number of fires and fireground injuries per department by population of community protected; descriptions of selected incidents that illustrate firefighter safety problems. (60159)

CIS 93-965 Training for fire hazard management. (Spanish: La formación, cara a la gestión del riesgo de incendio) Azpiazu Monteys J., Prevención, Jan.-Mar. 1990, No.111, p.38-43. Illus. (In Spanish)

The importance and profitability of well-organised training on fire prevention in industry is emphasised. Various aspects of training organisation are discussed, in particular the type and content of training to be received by different categories of workers. The discussion covers: training for hazard management, technical and plant design training and practical training. (60269)

CIS 93-966 The history and development of emergency response planning guidelines. Rusch G.M., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb. 1993, Vol.33, No.2, p.193-202. 16 ref. (In English)

The development of a series of documents, Emergency Response Planning Guides (ERPGs), published by the American Industrial Hygiene Association's Emergency Response Planning Committee is described. The guidelines provide estimates of concentration ranges above which one could reasonably anticipate observing adverse effects as a consequence of exposure to the specific substance. The review procedure of the guidelines is also described. The 35 chemicals for which the Committee has so far developed planning guides are listed along with a further 25 currently under review. (60238)

CIS 93-967 Risk analysis of the transportation of dangerous goods by road and rail. Purdy G., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb. 1993, Vol.33, No.2, p.229-259. Illus. 7 ref. (In English)

Details are given of a methodology developed for the analysis of the risks arising from the carriage in bulk of toxic and flammable substances by road and rail as part of a major study into the risks faced by the British population from the transport of dangerous substances. Models are given for the interaction of passenger and dangerous goods trains taking into account the ability of signals and other systems to detect and stop approaching trains. In the case of road transport, the models allow for the characteristics of different road types and the behaviour of motorists to be simulated. The relative risks of transporting hazardous materials by road or rail are explored. (60240)

CIS 93-968 Safe gap revisited. Phillips H., Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1988, Vol.114, p.77-96. Illus. 25 ref. (In English)

Earlier analysis of safe gaps between parallel flanges in flameproof electrical equipment failed to predict the safe gap for mixtures enriched with oxygen or for high explosion pressures. These deficiencies are now overcome by improvements in the treatment of heat transfer in the flange gap and of entrainment of combustible matter into the emerging jet of hot gas. Earlier work on safe gaps is summarised and its deficiencies noted, followed by a revised analysis to resolve the problems. (60129)

CIS 93-969 National workshop on the prevention of major accidents (Seoul, 19-21 October 1992). Proceedings. Korean Industrial Safety Corporation (KISCO), Kukje Bld. 9F.191, 2-ka Hangang-ro, Yongsan-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 1992. 75p. (In English, Korean)

Proceedings of a national workshop on the prevention of major accidents held in Seoul, Korea 19-21 October 1992. Topics covered: international development in the prevention of major industrial accidents and chemical safety; basic principles of a major hazard control system; analysis of hazards and risk assessment; emergency planning and siting; safety reports and methods of government inspection: prerequisites for a major hazard control system; future action in Korea. (60140)

CIS 93-970 Representative range of blast fire scenarios. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 35p. Illus. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882058-3 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures and relates to the definition of a representative range of blast and fire scenarios. A selection rationale is presented, followed by a description of the approach adopted to establish the scope of this study. The specific methodology and priority rating system adopted is discussed and a description of the selected base event and scenarios is presented. The selected representative modules defined in report OTO 92 585 are used to develop a geometry and obstacle database which is described in this report. (60194)

CIS 93-971 The prediction of single and two-phase release rates. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 61p. 54 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882056-7 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures. Information relevant to the prediction of the rate of release of material from vessels or pipework on offshore structures is summarised and reviewed. The survey considers releases through holes or punctures with a diameter of up to 100mm in pipework or vessels containing pressurised gases or liquids. Particular attention is given to the nature of the likely flows and the uncertainties involved in predicting two-phase flows. (60195)

CIS 93-972 The use of alternative materials in the design and construction of blast and fire resistant structures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 154p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-11-882061-3 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures. The current use of alternative materials to steels in explosion and fire resistant structures is reviewed; in particular, glass fibre reinforced plastics and aluminium. The major suppliers and manufacturers are identified, along with brief descriptions of their existing and proprietary explosion and fire resistant products. Technical details regarding fundamental material properties and design approaches have been collated and existing design codes and regulations are reviewed. Definitions and glossary of terms. (60196)

CIS 93-973 Generic foundation data to be used in the assessment of blast and fire scenarios and typical structural details for primary, secondary and supporting structures/components. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 69p. Illus. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882066-4 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures. Information on 21 platforms was examined in order to establish generic data and information representative of existing and new installations in the North Sea. A description of previous and present-day practice for offshore structures is presented with particular emphasis on topside structures, modular construction, equipment and utilities, secondary structures, module cladding and non-structural components. A set of four representative modules has been established for each of which design details have been developed enabling the investigation of various fire/blast scenarios. (60281)

CIS 93-974 Legislation, codes of practice and certification requirements. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 42p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882057-5 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures. Regulations, codes of practice and certification requirements used in the specification and certification of blast and fire resistant structures are identified and summarised. In general, there is a lack of any regulations or guidance relating to the treatment of explosions offshore, while documents relating to fire stem largely from the shipping and onshore building industries. The implications of the report of the public inquiry into the Piper Alpha disaster are also discussed. (60282)

CIS 93-975 Experimental facilities suitable for use in studies of fire and explosion hazards in offshore structures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 312p. Illus. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 0-11-882065-6 (In English)

This report is one of a series addressing general issues relevant to blast and fire engineering for offshore structures. Details are given of worldwide experimental facilities suitable for the study of explosion hazards. (Fire research facilities are reviewed in report OTI 92 598). Replies to an experimental facilities questionnaire were received from 47 organisations and are reproduced in this report. A review of the data shows that there are few facilities capable of carrying out large scale explosion experiments and there are no explosion rigs of a scale suitable for modelling a complete offshore module. (60283)

CIS 93-976 Gas/vapour build up on offshore structures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 56p. Illus. 65 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882064-8 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast loading on offshore structures. Information relevant to the prediction of gas or vapour build-up in offshore structures is summarised and reviewed. This includes data on the natural or forced ventilation flows in a module during normal operation and on the flow field set up by the release itself. The limited amount of information available on how these motions are likely to interact is also examined. A summary of the current state of knowledge is given along with current uncertainties. (60284)

CIS 93-977 Confined vented explosions. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 51p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882063-X (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast loading on offshore structures. An overview of confined vented explosions is presented followed by a review of theoretical and experimental research including predictive modelling techniques. The report is only relevant to the problem of essentially empty volumes. The majority of "classical" methods for predicting peak vented explosion over-pressures are inappropriate to the general offshore explosion problem. Further work is needed to identify the effects of turbulence and the scale dependence of the combustion processes. (60285)

CIS 93-978 Explosions in highly congested volumes. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 62p. Illus. 11 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882062-1 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast loading on offshore structures. An overview of explosions in highly congested volumes is presented followed by a review of theoretical and experimental research relevant to the problem of predicting explosion over-pressures in most offshore modules. Since there is limited experimental data available which is directly relevant to the offshore problem and the predictive accuracy of theoretical models is also limited, design engineers should not rely on any single approach to explosion prediction. (60286)

CIS 93-979 Possible ways of mitigating explosions on offshore structures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 52p. Illus. 37 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882059-1 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast loading on offshore structures. An overview of explosion mitigation is presented followed by a review of information on explosion relief, explosion suppressant systems, blast containment, blast deflection and module layout. Since no accurate methods are available for the assessment of techniques other than suppressant systems, it cannot confidently be predicted that specific applications will reduce explosion over-pressures to acceptable magnitudes. The complex interaction of suppressant with explosion flame is also poorly understood. (60287)

CIS 93-980 Behaviour of oil and gas fires in the presence of confinement and obstacles. Cowley L.T., Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 307p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 33.00., ISBN 0-11-882035-4 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire loading on offshore structures. A review is presented of current knowledge on the characteristics and hazards produced by hydrocarbon fires in offshore structures where there are degrees of confinement and presence of obstructions, and the ability to predict fire behaviour for hazard assessment and fire engineering. Specific predictive models are reviewed and a survey of computer models for fire and smoke is included. The report should be read with that on open fires (OTI 92 596, CIS 93-984). (60288)

CIS 93-981 Existing fire design criteria for secondary, support and system steelwork. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 88p. 14 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882097-4 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures and relates to fire design criteria for secondary steelwork. Fire design requirements are discussed along with methods and calculations. The study shows that, almost without exception, secondary steelwork has not previously been designed to withstand fire loads. Fire protection of secondary steelwork in key areas may be increased by making use of materials with enhanced fire-resistant, durability and corrosion-proof properties. (60289)

CIS 93-982 Fire/blast performance of explosion/fire damaged structural and containment steelwork. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 49p. 13 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882098-2 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures and reviews the behaviour of typical offshore structural elements and assemblies under combined fire and explosion loadings. Current regulations and design methods are outlined followed by a review of the effects of fire and explosions on undamaged components, the assessment of combined fire and explosion resistance and the development of acceptance criteria for fire and explosion resistant structures. (60290)

CIS 93-983 The prediction of the pressure loading on structures resulting from an explosion. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 45p. Illus. 10 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882060-5 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast loading on offshore structures. An overview of pressure loading on structures is presented followed by a review of theoretical and experimental research relevant to the prediction of loads on structures resulting from explosions in offshore modules. The current state of knowledge is summarised along with areas of uncertainty. There was found to be a lack of both experimental information and of proven instrumentation techniques capable of measuring loads directly under explosion conditions. Glossary. (60301)

CIS 93-984 Oil and gas fires: Characteristics and impact. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 238p. Illus. 173 ref. Price: GBP 25.00., ISBN 0-11-882036-2 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire loading on offshore structures. A review is presented of the current knowledge of the characteristics and consequences of large, open oil and gas hydrocarbon fires of relevance to offshore safety and the ability to predict fire properties for hazard assessment and fire engineering. Types of fire include pool and running liquid fires, jet fires, cloud fires and fireballs. Predictive models are also reviewed. A major gap in current knowledge is the poor ability to predict effects of scale and fuel type. List of definitions and abbreviations. (60302)

CIS 93-985 Explicit analytical methods for determining structural response. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 117p. 19 ref. Price: GBP 12.50., ISBN 0-11-882071-0 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast resistance of offshore structures. Simplified methods of analysis for determining structural response due to blast loading are reviewed. The assessment focuses on two approaches both of which are suitable, subject to their limitations, for predicting responses of relatively simple structural components. Structural codes used by the offshore industry were also reviewed to determine those most suitable for blast design. Responses to a questionnaire received as part of an industry-wide survey are reproduced. (60303)

CIS 93-986 Computerised analysis for assessing the response of structures subjected to blast loading. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 159p. 5 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-11-882067-2 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast resistance of offshore structures. Finite element (FE) analysis packages appropriate for the assessment of structures subject to dynamic blast loading are described. An introduction to the subject of FE analysis is followed by a review of the analysis types required to determine blast resistance and a summary of the capabilities required of FE programmes to enable an accurate assessment of blast. A review is presented of the most suitable programmes selected from the results of a questionnaire survey among various companies. (60304)

CIS 93-987 The effects of high strain rates on material properties. Al-Hassani S.T.S., Reid S.R., Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 263p. Illus. 262 ref. Price: GBP 35.00., ISBN 0-11-882093-1 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast resistance of offshore structures. A literature survey was carried out on strain effects in steel. It was found that there is virtually no work published on the strain rate behaviour of 50D steels although the survey does contain information on steel with a similar carbon content. The various parameters defining the shape of the stress-strain curve of steel are discussed and the sensitivity of each to strain rate and temperature are examined. A discussion is also presented on glass fibre reinforced composites. (60305)

CIS 93-988 Analysis of projectiles. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 71p. Illus. 48 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882068-0 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning blast resistance of offshore structures. A review is presented of the data available on the mechanisms by which missiles could be generated following an incident on an offshore platform. The data relate to primary missiles generated by failure of a pressure vessel or rotating machinery and secondary objects created by the blast wind. Test facilities available at various establishment are also described. Formulae for evaluating the resistance of various targets to missile impact are reviewed and compared with test results. (60306)

CIS 93-989 Experimental data relating to the performance of steel components at elevated temperatures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 83p. Illus. 25 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882069-9 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures. Temperature dependent material properties for the various types of steel that are commonly found in offshore installations are examined; these include structural steels and "boiler" steels used for pressure vessels and some piping. The effects of the steel making process and the chemical composition of the steels are considered and an outline of the use of steel on offshore structures is presented. The study shows that there is limited test data at elevated temperatures for steels which are not the common structural steels, and data which are available should be used with caution. Glossary. (60307)

CIS 93-990 Methodologies and available tools for the design/analysis of steel components at elevated temperatures. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 149p. 37 ref. Price: GBP 15.00., ISBN 0-11-882094-X (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures. Design methods and tools which may be used to assess the structural response of steel structures under fire conditions are identified and their development and potential application to offshore structures are reviewed. The thermal response of structures is outlined in terms of types of fire, thermal loading and calculation of steel temperature. The application of the code-check and progressive collapse methods to the analysis of structures at elevated temperatures is described. Computer analysis packages are also reviewed. Glossary of terms and nomenclature. (60308)

CIS 93-991 Passive fire protection: Performance requirements and test methods. Cotgreave T., Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 77p. 77 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882095-8 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures. Performance requirements for offshore passive fire protective systems are appraised along with an assessment of the adequacy of current tests for ensuring that performance. Types of fire and explosion events are described, followed by a review of passive fire protection usage and standard fire tests for elements of construction. Performance considerations include installation requirements, durability under service conditions in the pre-fire phase, exposure to fire conditions likely to be experienced offshore and the effects of explosions. Glossary of organisations and official bodies, and of terms and abbreviations. (60309)

CIS 93-992 Availability and properties of passive and active fire protection systems. Steel Construction Institute, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 102p. 9 ref. Price: GBP 12.50., ISBN 0-11-882096-6 (In English)

This report is one of a series concerning fire resistance of offshore structures and considers various types of passive and active fire protection systems. List of definitions and abbreviations. The philosophy of design of passive fire protection is outlined along with a list of commercially available fire protection products (intumescents, spray coatings, fire seals, rigid and flexible insulation, enclosures and casings and fire walls). Current active fire protection design is described along with alternative fire protection systems. List of definitions and abbreviations. (60310)

CIS 93-993 Emergency response to an underground fire at a remote mining site. Eyres B., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 6p. (In English)

This paper discusses the District Emergency Response Plan which was triggered to react to a scooptram fire when there was an insufficient number of mine rescue personnel on site. (60105)

CIS 93-994 Fire protection. Industrial Accident Prevention Association, 250 Yonge Street, 28th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2N4, Canada, 1992. 8p. 4 ref. Price: CAD 2.35 (CAD 1.15 IAPA members). (In English)

Topics covered in this revised guidance note (see CIS 90-2032 for previous edition): fire prevention measures in terms of workplace assessment and implementation of controls including correct plant and process design, scheduled inspections, employee training, adequate housekeeping procedures; implementation of a fire emergency plant covering communications, personal safety and fire extinguishment. Canadian legislation relevant to occupational fire safety is also cited. (60117)

CIS 93-995 Code of practice on the prevention of major industrial accidents. (Indonesian: Kode praktis pencegahan kecelakaan besar dalam industri) Department of Manpower, Directorate of Occupational Safety and Health, Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto Kav. No.51, Jakarta, Indonesia, 1993. 103p., ISBN 979-8012-89-5 (In Indonesian)

Translation into Indonesian of the ILO Code of Practice abstracted under CIS 91-972. This translation aims at preventing accidents and ill-health at work in Indonesian industry, with the main emphasis on the manufacturers and users of dangerous chemicals. Aspects dealt with: general duties; prerequisites for a major hazard control system; analysis of hazards and risks; control of the causes of major industrial accidents; safe operation of major hazard installations; emergency planning; installations; siting and land-use planning; reporting to competent authorities; implementation of a major hazard control system. Two posters in annex. (60355)

CIS 93-996 Safety assessment principles for nuclear plants. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. iii, 46. 10 ref. Price: GBP 10.00., ISBN 0-11-882043-5 (In English)

This document updates and consolidates earlier publications by the British Nuclear Installations Inspectorate concerning nuclear power plant and nuclear chemical plant principles (see CIS 85-992). Contents: regulatory background and safety assessment; fundamental principles; safety analysis during normal operations and under accident conditions; siting of nuclear plant; engineering principles for nuclear plant design (general principles, external and internal hazards, structural integrity, safety systems and safety related instrumentation, plant specific principles); life-cycle requirements. Glossary of terms. (60172)

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CIS 93-997 Medical electrical equipment - Part 2: Particular requirements for the safety of radiotherapy simulators. (French: Appareils électromédicaux - Partie 2: Règles particulières de sécurité pour les simulateurs de radiothérapie) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 1993. 51p. Illus. Index. (In English, French)

This international standard describes requirements to be met by manufacturers in the design and construction of radiotherapy simulators. These requirements apply to environmental conditions; protection against electrical shock hazards, mechanical hazards and unwanted or excessive radiation. (60273)

CIS 93-998 Medical electrical equipment - Part 2: Particular requirements for the safety of electrocardiographs. (French: Appareils électromédicaux - Partie 2: Règles particulières de sécurité des électrocardiographes) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 1st ed., 1993. 59p. Illus. (In English, French)

This international standard amends and supplements IEC 601-1 "Medical electrical equipment - Part 1: General requirements for safety" (see CIS 92-1327). The requirements described focus on: environmental conditions; protection against electric shock hazards, mechanical hazards, hazards from unwanted or excessive radiation, hazards of ignition of flammable anaesthetic mixtures, against excessive temperatures and other safety hazards. Accuracy of operating data and protection against hazardous output; environmental tests and constructional requirements. (60274)

CIS 93-999 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances - Part 2: Particular requirements for deep fat fryers, frying pans and similar appliances. (French: Sécurité des appareils électrodomestiques et analogues - Partie 2: Règles particulières pour les friteuses, les poêles à frire et appareils analogues) International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembé, 1211 Genève 20, Switzerland, 4th ed., 1993. 23p. (In English, French)

This standard updates the previous (third) edition of 1987 (see CIS 89-255). It deals with the safety of electric deep fat fryers, frying pans and other appliances in which oil is used for cooking, their rated voltage being not more than 250V. (60275)

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CIS 93-1000 Tinnitus in noise-exposed workers. Phoon W.H., Lee H.S., Chia S.E., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.35-38. 12 ref. (In English)

Tinnitus is said to be a common complaint of workers who are exposed to noise. The prevalence and characteristics of tinnitus in 647 noise-exposed workers who had been notified as cases of noise-induced deafness were investigated. 151 had tinnitus, giving a prevalence of 23.3%. The tinnitus was bilateral in 42.4% of cases, and of high frequency in 44.4%. In 23.8% it was associated with other symptoms. About 30% of those with tinnitus complained that it interfered with daily activities like telephone conversation and sleep. The workers with tinnitus had consistently higher hearing thresholds at both high and low frequencies than those with no tinnitus. Workers are often told that noise exposure causes deafness, but little is mentioned about tinnitus. Awareness of the possible occurrence of tinnitus may encourage workers to cooperate more actively in a company hearing conservation programme. (60046)

CIS 93-1001 Effects of aircraft noise on hearing and auditory pathway function of airport employees. Chen T.J., Chiang H.C., Chen S.S., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.613-619. Illus. 39 ref. (In English)

The effects of aircraft noise on the hearing and the auditory pathway function of 112 airport employees were studied. Audiometry and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were used to evaluate cochlear function and to verify the possibility of retrocochlear involvement. The typical audiogramme pattern of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) was a dip at 3 or 4kHz and moderate hearing loss in the frequency range of 6 to 8kHz. Audiogramme results revealed that the prevalence rate of high-frequency loss in all employees was 41.9%. Incidence of NIHL was highest in maintenance workers (65.2%) and firemen (55.0%). For BAEPs, both click threshold and latencies showed that the impairment was most severe in maintenance workers and firemen. The degree of auditory damage coincided with job patterns. Furthermore, damage of both peripheral cochlear organs and the central auditory pathway by high-frequency aircraft noise exposure was confirmed. (60054)

CIS 93-1002 Acoustic trauma in a telephone operator. Beastall R.H., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.215-216. 7 ref. (In English)

This case report describes an incident where a telephone operator suffered acoustic trauma from a subscriber blowing a whistle down a telephone mouthpiece, the sound being transmitted into the ear of the operator. Evidence of hearing loss persisted for several months before complete recovery was achieved. Comparison is made with hearing loss associated with the use of cordless telephones. (60148)

CIS 93-1003 Legislation on the protection of workers against noise. (Spanish: La normativa para la protección de los trabajadores frente al ruido) Castella López J.L., Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo, Salud y trabajo, 1990, No.77, p.25-37. (In Spanish)

Survey of Spanish legislation (including standards) concerning the protection of workers against noise. Special attention is paid to Royal Decree No.1316/89 (see CIS 90-720). Legislation is discussed under the headings of: basic standards and thematic structure; sale of "noisy" machinery; evaluation and control of noise in the working environment; surveillance of the hearing of workers exposed to noise; hearing protection; registries of environmental and medical data and information and consultation with workers and their representatives. In addition to references to Spanish legislation, there are also references to EEC Directives and CEN and ISO Standards. (60216)

CIS 93-1004 Plan for noise control - Protection of workers against the hazards of noise exposure. (Spanish: Plan de lucha contra el ruido - Protección de los trabajadores contra los riesgos derivados de la exposición al ruido) Lanas Ugarteburu P.M., Prevención, Jan.-Mar. 1990, No.111, p.8-19. Illus. (In Spanish)

A plan for noise control in a small metalworking plant based on Spanish Royal Decree No.1316/1989 (see CIS 90-720) is presented. This plan includes measures concerning appropriate training and information, proper installation of machinery, sound and vibration isolation, and hearing protection. The detailed results of noise measurements taken before and after application of the plan show the efficiency of the measures taken. Tables and graphics are included. (60268)

CIS 93-1005 Noise and deafness. (Spanish: El ruido - La sordera) Victoria Jumilla F., Viviente López E., Clemente Ibañez M., Cerrada Delgado M.C., Espinosa Lozano F.J., Sánchez Ferrero F., Monasterio Acha R., Serrano Castro M.B., Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, Apr.- June 1991, Vol.38, No.152, p.3-43. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In Spanish)

Five articles on noise and its effects on hearing: (1) Response of the population to a survey on environmental noise in urban centres of Murcia. (2) Occupational hearing loss. (3) Effects of work in a noisy environment on hearing. (4) Industrial noise as an occupational pathology. (5) Pathology of noise. The articles cover topics such as: physical characteristics of noise and its potential to induce disorders, in particular occupational deafness; evaluation and control of noise in the working environment; protection of workers against noise; the importance of prevention; studies carried out in various Spanish enterprises. Tables are included. (60277)

CIS 93-1006 Characterization of long-lived radioactive dust in uranium mill operations. Bigu J., DuPort P., American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Sep. 1992, Vol.53, No.9, p.588-595. Illus. 21 ref. (In English)

The characteristics of long-lived radioactive dust clouds generated in several mechanical and physicochemical operations in a uranium mill have been investigated. The study consisted of the determination of dust size distribution and of the size distribution of radionuclides associated with particulate matter in the size range 0.05 to 26µm. Experiments were conducted by using two different types of cascade impactors operating at different sampling flow rates. Radionuclide identification was done by using α-spectrometry. Long- and short-lived radionuclides were identified in dust samples. The characteristics of the dust clouds depended on the mill operation, such as crushing (vibrating grizzly, jaw crusher, cone crusher); screening; ore transportation; grinding; acid leaching; counter-current decantation; yellow cake precipitation and drying; and yellow cake packaging. In addition, other dust and radioactivity measurements have been carried out. (60096)

CIS 93-1007 Protection against ionising radiation - An overview. (Spanish: Protección contra las radiaciones ionizantes - Revisión de conjunto) Pérez Retuerta G., Cisnal Gredilla J.M., Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, Apr.-June 1991, Vol.38, No.152, p.57-71. 4 ref. (In Spanish)

Health hazards of ionising radiation are described. Dose-dependent effects are: central nervous system, gastrointestinal and haematological disorders following acute exposure; skin, eye, haemic and reproductive disorders after localised exposure. Dose-independent effects include hereditary disorders and cancers. Classification of the sources of exposure and physical characteristics of ionising radiation, in particular particulate and electromagnetic radiation, are also described. Limit values of occupational exposure to ionising radiation, as well as measures to be taken including the use of personal protective equipment, are discussed. Summary of Spanish legislation on the subject is included. (60279)

CIS 93-1008 Radon exposure and cancers other than lung cancer among uranium miners in West Bohemia. Tomášek L., Darby S.C., Swerdlow A.J., Plaček V., Kunz E., Lancet, 10 Apr. 1993, Vol.341, No.8850, p.919-923. 30 ref. (In English)

Report on a site-specific cancer mortality study of 4,320 uranium miners in Western Bohemia (Czech Republic), who have been followed up for an average of 25 years, and among whom a 4-fold radon-related excess of lung cancer had already been established. For all cancers other than lung cancer the number of deaths was slightly greater than expected from national rates, but the increase was not statistically significant (O/E 1.11, 95% CI=0.98-1.24). There was no relationship between mortality on one hand, and duration of employment underground and cumulative radon (Rn) exposure on the other. There was a significant increase (unrelated to cumulative Rn exposure) in non-lung cancer mortality among men who started mining work aged under 25. Of the 28 site-specific cancers examined, significant increases were found for cancers of the liver (O/E=1.67) and gallbladder and extrahepatic bileducts (O/E=2.26, related to cumulative Rn exposure). There were no significant increases in overall mortality from multiple myeloma (O/E=1.08) and leukaemia (O/E=0.91), but mortality from these causes increased with cumulative Rn exposure and increased employment duration, respectively. Further research is needed to confirm any association between Rn exposure and cancers other than lung cancer. (60366)

CIS 93-1009 Field measurements of noise exposure from communication headsets. Kunov H., Dajani H., Labour Canada, Artel Engineering, Division of 934533 Ontario Inc., 4 Princeton Road, Etobicoke, Ontario, M8X 2E2, Canada, Aug. 1992. 121p. Illus. 24 ref. Index. (In English)

A method for the measurement of noise exposure from communication headsets is described. The method is based on the use of an acousto-mechanical model of the human head equipped with a microphone at the level of the eardrum. Results of sound level exposure measurements taken in various industries are presented and analysed by type of headset, nature of environment and location. The method was found to compare favourably with other methods, both in accuracy and efficiency. Appendices: Equipment list for field tests; equipment list for laboratory tests and validation experiments; raw data from validation experiments; definitions; amendment to the Canada Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol.125, No.16); Regulatory impact analysis statement. (60205)

CIS 93-1010 Metrology of noise exposure in industrial environments. Workshop. (French: La métrologie de l'exposition sonore en milieu industriel. Journées d'études) Thiery L., Arbey H.S., Cnockaert J.C., Damongeot A., Danière P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 1991. 183p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

This workshop (Vandœuvre, France, 13-14 Nov. 1990) reviewed present practice in the measurement of noise exposure, bringing together the various actors involved (providers of services, manufacturers of equipment, software producers, legislators, standardisation bodies, occupational physicians, enterprises with noise problems, applied metrology research teams). Participants evaluated the application of regulations in force at the time (two years after their publication) and sought consensus on how to proceed further. In response to this workshop, the French Ministry of Labour asked all accredited noise measurement bodies to adopt a supplementary rule (text reproduced) intended to improve the determination of exposure to fluctuating noise. (60264)

CIS 93-1011 Noise from gas distribution circuits in the steel industry - Inventory of potential sources. (French: Bruit des circuits de transport de gaz dans l'industrie sidérurgique - Inventaire des sources sonores potentielles) Asselineau M., Ravenstijn A., Heringa P., Danière P., Arbey H.S., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Apr. 1991. 77p. Illus. 11 ref. (In French)

An inventory of noise sources in these circuits was conducted at a number of steelworks. Measurements were made on the blast-furnace lines, on the agglomerating or coking units and on the oxygen supply system. The main sources of noise were fans and control valves, where sound levels often exceeded 85dB(A). Other external noise sources were identified, such as the air intakes of the fans and compressors (sound level above 85dB(A) at 1m). The piping was not an important source of radiation: the level of radiated sound was generally below that of ambient noise. (60266)

CIS 93-1012 Contribution to the study of acoustic transmission through a slit of finite length. Application to the study of noise leakage from industrial machine enclosures. (French: Contribution à l'étude de la transmission acoustique à travers une fente de longueur finie. Application à l'étude des fuites acoustiques sur les encoffrements de machines industrielles) Thomé J.P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, June 1991. 258p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Thesis. Enclosures are often used in industry to reduce machine noise. They are rarely in one piece, and often allow noise leakage that reduces their effectiveness. Two analytical models were studied and applied to the calculation of the noise attenuation index of a wall with a rectangular slit. A parametric study showed the influence of aperture geometry and incident wave frequency. The spatial distribution of the acoustic energy transmitted by the slit is described. A numerical model enables calculation of the directivity of radiation in the cases of normal and oblique incidence. The latter case is also described by a stationary phase integral at high frequencies; a relation is established between the principal axis of radiation and the angle of incidence. These models were validated on a test bed, and the importance of aperture geometry on the quantity and spatial distribution of transmitted energy. (60291)

CIS 93-1013 Acoustic and vibrational environment of the driver station of fork-lift trucks. (French: L'environnement acoustique et vibratoire au poste de conduite des chariots élévateurs) Danière P., Boulanger P., Donati P., Galmiche J.P., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Sep. 1991. 171p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

A study of the noise emitted at the driver station of 81 fork-lift trucks showed the existence of a noise hazard for a high proportion of the drivers of fork-lifts with internal combustion engines. Measurements were made by the methods of fire standards or proposed standards. Comparison of the results with measurements of operator exposure enabled a critical evaluation of the methods. A new procedure for evaluating noise hazard is proposed. Measurements made on 67 models of fork-lift for factories or docks and 10 models for construction sites gave an overview of the vibration to which drivers are subject and to evaluate the suspensions of the seats in use. The vertical suspensions of the seats are frequently inadequate. (60292)

CIS 93-1014 Central index of dose information - Summary of statistics for 1988. National Radiological Protection Board, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1993. vi, 29p. Illus. 6 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-85951-357-2 (In English)

This report provides an analysis of radiation doses reported for classified radiation workers in Great Britain for 1988. Tables show whole body doses, variation with age and sex and doses for specific organs and tissues. Charts show doses by occupational category. The analysis shows that the mean radiation dose in 1988 for nearly 58,000 classified radiation workers was 1.7mSv across all occupational categories. (60197)

CIS 93-1015 International colloquium on safety in the application of laser equipment in research, industry and medicine. Berufsgenossenschaft der Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik, Gustav-Heinemann Ufer 130, 50968 Köln, Germany, 1991. 207p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In English)

Proceedings of an international colloquium on safety in the application of laser equipment in research, industry and medicine held in Xi An, China, 7-12 October 1991. Papers are presented under the following headings: fundamentals, metrology and classification; potential hazards inherent in laser equipment (eye and skin injuries, harmful products of chemical reaction, air pollution); occupational safety and health in industrial laser application (accident statistics, reports of eye injuries, use of lasers in construction and in the food, beverage and tobacco industries, effect on the female reproductive system, safe distances, competence of personnel, advances in safety measures); safety aspect of medical laser application. (60228)

CIS 93-1016 Mechanical vibration and shock: Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration - I. General requirements; II. Risks for health. (French: Vibrations et chocs mécaniques: Evaluation de l'exposition des individus aux vibrations globales du corps - I. Prescriptions générales; II. Risques pour la santé) Association française de normalisation, Tour Europe, 92049 Paris-la-Défense, Cedex 7, France, Aug. 1990. 8p. + 7p. Illus. (In French)

This standard deals with the same subject as International Standard ISO 2631-1:1985, i.e. the description of vibration stress and the evaluation of exposure to vibrations. Part 1 provides the general principles underlying the preparation of standards for specific situations (agricultural tractors, powered industrial trucks, construction machinery etc.). Part 2 describes the specific method for the evaluation of health hazards, based on the principles elaborated in Part 1. The Standard applies to whole-body vibration in the range of 1-80Hz that is transmitted by the seat to a seated person. (60130)

CIS 93-1017 The problems of asbestos removal at high temperatures. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, Dec. 1992. 11p. Illus. 7 ref. Price: GBP 3.00., ISBN 0-11-885586-7 (In English)

This guidance note provides practical advice on preventing heat stress when asbestos-containing insulation has to be stripped in hot environments. Contents: legal considerations; work planning to avoid or minimise work at high temperatures; control of body temperature and the thermal environment; special problems associated with asbestos removal at elevated temperatures; medical effects; prediction of heat stress; general precautions for work in hot conditions; temperature and environment control within the enclosure; provision of a cool rest area; respiratory protective equipment and protective clothing; medical monitoring; first aid treatment and emergency procedures. (60191)

CIS 93-1018 A guide to the Public Information for Radiation Emergencies Regulations 1992. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. iv, 21p. 11 ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-11-886350-9 (In English)

The aim of these Regulations is to ensure that those members of the public affected by a radiation emergency are given information about such emergencies and the measures planned for the protection of their health. The two main requirements described in this guidance are the duty of the employer or self-employed person to supply prior information and the duty of local authorities to prepare and keep up-to-date arrangements for the supply of information to members of the public actually affected. Schedules include details of doses of ionising radiation applicable to the definition of radiation emergency. (60258)

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CIS 93-1019 Work with fixed belt conveyors. (Spanish: Trabajos en transportadores de cinta, fijos) Ramos Antón A., Prevención, July-Sep. 1992, No.121, p.26-34. Illus. 7 ref. (In Spanish)

Different types of accidents likely to occur when working with belt conveyors are illustrated. General safety measures to be taken during the design stage, the setting up of the plant, as well as during the utilisation of belt conveyors, are presented. Attention is paid to the relevance of information and training. A model checklist for belt conveyors is included. (60211)

CIS 93-1020 Comparative strategy for the safety of horizontal injection moulding machines. Raafat H.M.N., Safety Science, Jan. 1993, Vol.16, No.1, p.67-88. Illus. 176 ref. (In English)

This paper considers the application of probabilistic risk assessment as a modern approach to machinery safety. Investigation of a recent fatal accident involving a 700-ton horizontal injection moulding machine is described and a risk assessment study is used to compare three strategies for the prevention of trapping injuries between the platens of such machines. The study highlights the difference in the principles of accident prevention on these machines in the USA, the UK and the rest of the European Community. Attention is drawn to the role and design of monitoring systems. Summaries in French and German. (60170)

CIS 93-1021 Work in industry with wheeled power shovels. (Spanish: Trabajos en la industria con palas de ruedas) Ramos Antón A., Prevención, Oct.-Dec. 1992, No.122, p.40-49. Illus. 5 ref. (In Spanish)

The most significant safety risks and factors contributing to accidents when working with wheeled power shovels are reviewed. Some accidents are described. Recommendations for safety measures in the use and maintenance of power shovels are discussed. (60213)

CIS 93-1022 A criterion for assessing wind induced crossflow vortex vibrations in wind sensitive structures. Robinson R.W., Hamilton J., Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. iv, 48p. Illus. 20 ref. Price: GBP 20.00., ISBN 0-11-882032-X (In English)

The current state of the art for assessing the sensitivity of offshore structures to wind induced vortex vibrations is reviewed. Data are presented indicating that the level of structural damping decreases for slender tubulars and appropriate damping values are proposed. Based on these assumptions, a screening method is proposed for tubulars and a methodology presented for assessing the maximum stresses and the fatigue life. This document supersedes the original report OTO 88 021. (60256)

CIS 93-1023 Development of calibration techniques for HDRK's loose rock detection system. Jowsey M.D., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 18p. Illus. 10 ref. (In English)

Current methods for loose rock detection are reviewed and calibration techniques used for the HDRK Mining Research Limited loose rock sensing and assessment device are described. Results from sample surveying are discussed which illustrate the inconsistency of loose rock interpretation by individuals using the traditional hand-held scaling bar technique. The resultant effect of inconsistent objective assessment on mine safety is also discussed. (60104)

CIS 93-1024 Failure of shaft ropes in Ontario mines. Djivre M.M., Mines Accident Prevention Association Ontario, P.O. Box 1468, 147 McIntyre Street West, North Bay, Ontario P1B 8K6, Canada, 1991. 68p. Illus. (In English)

In Ontario mines over the last decade, a total of six shaft ropes failed in service due to the condition of the wire rope. This paper outlines the Ontario Ministry of Labour's findings on the last two rope failures and presents conclusions/recommendations to improve hoisting and wire rope safety. (60106)

CIS 93-1025 Railway safety - Report on the safety record of the railways in Great Britain during 1991/92. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. x, 79p. Illus. Price: GBP 11.00., ISBN 0-11-886390-8 (In English)

This report provides statistics on and reviews causes of different types of accidents on the railways. These include: accidents to passengers, staff and others; train accidents (collisions and derailments); accidents at level crossings; fires; equipment failures; accidents on minor railways and light rapid transit; safety on the London Underground. A chapter on health and safety at work covers management of safety, personnel accident records, the work of field inspectors and enforcement. The activities of the British Railway Inspectorate are also described. (60271)

CIS 93-1026 Safety in the use of hand-fed planing machines. Woodworking National Interest Group, Health and Safety Executive, 14 Cardiff Road, Luton LU1 1PP, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom, 1992. 4p. Illus. 4 ref. (In English)

This information sheet provides practical guidance on safe methods of work for the most common jobs on hand-fed planers or surfacers. Contents: accident history; guarding, setting and using hand-fed planing machines; tooling; safety devices; precautions during rebating and bevelling; power feed; maintenance. (60156)

CIS 93-1027 Record of thorough examination of lifting plant and equipment. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 10p. Price: GBP 3.00 (GBP 25.00 per 10 pads)., ISBN 0-11-886339-8 (In English)

A pad of ten forms to record thorough examination of lifting plant and equipment in the United Kingdom. Items listed include: description and identification mark of equipment; name and address of owner of equipment and its location; date of most recent test and thorough examination; safe working loads; details of any defects found; dates by which defects must be rectified; parts of equipment found to be inaccessible; latest date by which next thorough examination must be carried out. (60244)

CIS 93-1028 Record of test, test and examination or test and thorough examination of lifting plant and equipment. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1992. 2p. Price: GBP 3.00 (GPB 25.00 per 10 pads)., ISBN 0-11-886340-1 (In English)

A pad of 10 forms to record test, test and examination or test and thorough examination of lifting plant and equipment according to British requirements. Items listed include: description and date of manufacture of equipment; name and address of owner of equipment and its location; identification mark of equipment; safe working loads; details of the test or examination carried out; date of completion. (60255)

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CIS 93-1029 Combination chemoprophylaxis after needlestick injury. Malcolm J.A., Dobson P.M., Sutherland D.C., Lancet, 9 Jan. 1993, Vol.341, No.8837, p.112-113. 9 ref. (In English)

Letter to the editor. The use of zidovudine as a post-exposure prophylaxis for health-care workers after accidental high-risk exposure to HIV has in several instances failed to prevent HIV seroconversion after needlestick injury. Long-term side effects of such treatment are also unknown. A case involving zidovudine and didanosine administration is described. The use of antiretroviral prophylaxis should be based on personal informed choice and health-care workers should be given the option of taking two prophylactic antiretroviral drugs. Drug prophylaxis should be tailored to the likely sensitivities of the viral strains to which exposure has occurred. (60259)

CIS 93-1030 Varicella-zoster virus susceptibility in day-care workers. Grimsley L.F., Jacobs R.R., Perkins J.L., Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Mar. 1992, Vol.7, No.3, p.191-194. 21 ref. (In English)

The susceptibility of day-care workers to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was evaluated by determining antibody to VZV in 545 day-care workers using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proportion of day-care workers susceptible to VZV was 4.8%, and the seronegativity among workers with a negative history of VZV infection was 13.6%. Susceptible workers identified by the serological screen should be sent home for 8-21 days after exposure if VZV infection occurs in the day care setting. All day-care workers of childbearing age should be given the option to be tested for immunity to VZV. Because reports indicate that adults from the tropics may have a higher susceptibility rate to VZV, it is recommended that all day-care workers from the tropics undergo serological screening. (60098)

CIS 93-1031 Making hepatitis B prevention a priority in the workplace. Viral Hepatitis, 1992, Vol.1, No.1, 11p. Illus. Available from: Medical Imprint, 22 Lancaster Gate, London W2 3LY, United Kingdom. (In English)

First issue of a new quarterly publication. The articles provide a broad overview of the current problems of hepatitis B in the workplace and look at some of the steps already taken to improve protection for workers. The publication is also available in French, German and Spanish. (60229)

CIS 93-1032 Work disability in patients affected by H.I.V. (Spanish: Menoscabo laboral en los pacientes afectos de V.I.H.) Sánchez de San Lorenzo A., de Andrés Grande A., Luna Rodrigo D.G., Medicina y seguridad del trabajo, Oct.-Dec. 1991, Vol.38, No.154, p.57-65. 17 ref. (In Spanish)

General parameters useful to orientate the quantifying of work disability concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are discussed. A classification of patients affected by AIDS is presented. General assessment criteria based on the classification of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) of the United States, as well as assessment criteria following the National Classification of Economic Activities (Spain) in order to determine working capacity are also presented. Tables are included. (60280)

CIS 93-1033 The occupational zoonoses. Health and Safety Executive, HMSO Books, P.O. Box 276, London SW8 5DT, United Kingdom, 1993. viii, 32p. Bibl.ref. Price: GBP 5.00., ISBN 0-11-886397-5 (In English)

Details are given of 17 zoonoses. Information provided includes: name of disease and responsible organism; animals carrying the organism; incidence; hazard to humans; means of transmission; occupations and activities at risk; means of control; clinical diagnosis; immunisation; legislation relating to notification of the disease. An introductory chapter outlines general regulatory requirements for hazard assessment, prevention and control, health surveillance and supply of information to employees. The diseases considered are: anthrax; bovine tuberculosis; brucellosis; cryptosporidiosis; hantavirus disease; hydatid disease (echinococcosis); leptospirosis (Weil's disease and cattle form); Lyme disease; Newcastle disease; orf; ovine chlamydiosis; psittacosis; Q fever; rabies; ringworm; Streptococcosis suis. A list of occupations with associated zoonosis hazards is appended. (60175)

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CIS 93-1034 Ergonomic study of the work stations of female workers assembling concave eyeglass lenses. (French: Etude ergonomique du poste de travail d'assembleuses de lentilles concaves) Aptel M., Cail F., Horwat F., Lefèvre F., Documents pour le médecin du travail, 2nd Quarter 1992, No.50, p.167-170. Illus. 5 ref. (In French)

The following aspects of the work of women assembling the moulds used in the manufacturing of concave eyeglass lenses were studied: dimensional parameters of the work stations; lighting; physical work load; visual fatigue; requirements of the job; feelings and levels of thermal discomfort. The recent introduction of automated cleaning of moulds has resulted in an increased level of visual fatigue, as faults in the mould are harder to see. Noise levels in the work room were 85dB(A), while lighting levels were low because of curtains on the windows. (60207)

CIS 93-1035 The effects of wearing protective chemical warfare combat clothing on human performance. Taylor H.L., Orlansky J., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Mar. 1993, Vol.64, No.3, Section II (Supplement), 41p. 115 ref. (In English)

US Department of Defense studies to measure performance decrements associated with wearing chemical warfare (CW) protective combat clothing indicate that heat stress seriously degrades human performance. Even when heat stress is not a significant factor, performance of many combat, combat support, and combat service support tasks is degraded. In most field studies, many crews of combat units became operationally ineffective due to voluntary withdrawal of individual crewmembers. Many combined arms, field studies, and laboratory studies indicate that when CW-protective combat clothing is worn, performance is seriously degraded for the detection of targets, engagement time, accuracy of fire, and manual dexterity tasks, and that a variety of psychological effects are created. Further, the degree of performance degradation varies with the tasks performed. Training in CW-protective combat clothing permits learning to modify procedures and consequently reduce negative effects, provided heat stress is not a significant factor. A growing body of evidence indicates that there is inadequate training in the use of CW-protective combat clothing. A critical need exists for more and better training of skills needed under CW-conditions. (60363)

CIS 93-1036 Use of medical insurance claims for surveillance of occupational disease - An analysis of cumulative trauma in the auto industry. Park R.M., Nelson N.A., Silverstein M.A., Mirer F.E., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.731-737. 11 ref. (In English)

Medical insurance claims, linked with work histories for a large automotive manufacturer over a three-year period, identified large numbers of cases of potentially work-related diseases, including 30,600 episodes of probable cumulative trauma disorders (CTD). CTD incidence rates were calculated within five plants, and high-risk areas identified. Little understood differences in medical insurance coverage by exposure group limited interpretation however. Case-control analyses, with controls also identified by insurance claims, addressed coverage and produced age-adjusted and sex-adjusted estimates of risks. All five plants had departments with statistically significant, elevated risks for one or more of the diagnoses carpal tunnel syndrome, CTD of other upper extremities, rotator cuff syndrome, CTD of the neck and of the lower back. (60069)

CIS 93-1037 Musculoskeletal discomfort in grocery express checkstand workers - An ergonomic intervention study. Orgel D.L., Milliron M.J., Frederick L.J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.815-818. 8 ref. (In English)

An ergonomic study of grocery store cashiers was carried out in response to symptoms of musculoskeletal discomfort following the introduction of a new express checkstand. Workplace changes were then instituted, namely placement of a physical barrier to reduce trunk flexion from overreaching, installation of an adjustable keyboard to reduce static shoulder stress, and employee education concerning good workplace practices to reduce musculoskeletal stress and fatigue. There was a statistically significant reduction in neck, upper back, or shoulder discomfort but not arm, forearm, or wrist discomfort. There was also a significant reduction in use of medication and days to recover from discomfort but no change in overall number of employees with symptoms or in hours able to operate the checkstand without discomfort. Ergonomic interventions directed to the anatomical site of greatest employee concern are likely to be effective. (60077)

CIS 93-1038 Effects of a change in shift work on health. Poole C.J.M., Evans G. R., Spurgeon A., Bridges K.W., Occupational Medicine, Nov. 1992, Vol.42, No.4, p.193-199. 23 ref. (In English)

Aspects of health were studied in a sample of factory workers who changed their pattern of working from "fortnight about" to three advancing shifts. Within the same factory and doing similar work there was a comparison group who were working permanent days only. The change in shifts was associated with more difficulty with sleep, more indigestion, higher alcohol consumption, reduced alertness and a worse social life. There was more minor psychiatric disturbance in those who worked three shifts than in those who worked days only. (60146)

CIS 93-1039 Personal and job characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in an industrial population. Tsai S.P., Gilstrap E.L., Cowles S.R., Waddell L.C., Ross C.E., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.606-612. 51 ref. (In English)

A cross-sectional study of 10,350 employees of an oil manufacturing facility was conducted; 275 employees with low back and 456 with non-low back musculoskeletal injuries were compared with 8,295 employees without such injuries. The study shows that estimated relative risks (RRs) for low back injuries are significantly higher among smokers (RR=1.54, P<.01) and overweight persons (RR=1.42, P<.01). This is also true for non-low back musculoskeletal injury (RR=1.23, P=.05 for smokers and RR=1.53, P<.01 for the overweight). Persons in more physically demanding jobs had an increased RR for both low back and non-low back musculoskeletal injuries (RR=1.57, P<.01 and RR=1.35, P=.02, respectively). An integrated injury prevention programme for such injuries is suggested. (60053)

CIS 93-1040 Heart rate response of firefighters to actual emergencies - Implications for cardiorespiratory fitness. Sothmann M.S., Saupe K., Jasenof D., Blaney J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, Aug. 1992, Vol.34, No.8, p.797-800. 16 ref. (In English)

Heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO₂) responses during actual fire-suppression emergencies were monitored in 10 male firefighters. These firefighters worked at 157 ± 8 beats per minute (bpm) for 15 ± 7 minutes. This was 88 ± 6% of their previously determined HR max. Based on treadmill testing, the HR x VO₂ relationship was established for each firefighter. The predicted VO₂ derived from HR monitoring in actual emergencies 25.6 ± 8.7mL/kg/h or 63 ± 14% of VO₂ max (40.0 ± 6.5mL/kg/h). These values on the cardiorespiratory response to actual emergencies are very similar to results derived from studies employing fire-suppression simulations. Recommendations for the VO₂ max of firefighters ranging from 33.5 to 42.0mL/kg/h that have been generated from simulation testing appear appropriate given the cardiorespiratory responses to actual emergencies. (60075)

CIS 93-1041 Subjective and behavioural effects associated with repeated exposure to narcosis. Hamilton K., Laliberté M.F., Heslegrave R., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.63, No.10, p.865-869. 25 ref. (In English)

In a study of nitrogen narcosis in divers, symptoms and performance were examined over the course of five days of repeated exposure to 30% nitrous oxide at 1 atmosphere. While the results revealed no meaningful decrease in global perceptions of narcosis, some narcotic symptoms showed clear signs of adaptation. However, with respect to performance effects, reaction time yielded no indications of improvement. The findings suggest that subjective adaptation can occur without parallel performance improvement, an effect which could compromise safety and which may be of concern in other operational settings where conditions may have an impact on performance and symptoms. (60192)

CIS 93-1042 The influence of prior exercise at anaerobic threshold on decompression sickness. Kumar K.V., Waligora J.M., Gilbert J.H., Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Oct. 1992, Vol.63, No.10, p.899-904. 26 ref. (In English)

In a study to examine the effects of exercise prior to decompression on the incidence of altitude decompression sickness (DCS), 39 subjects exercised at their predetermined anaerobic threshold levels for 30min each day for three days prior to exposure to an altitude of 6,400m in a hypobaric chamber. No significant difference in DCS preferences was found. (60193)

CIS 93-1043 Dimensions of the driver station of small motorised equipment. (French: Dimensionnement du poste de conduite des petits engins) Tisserand M., Englert M., Hella F., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, May 1992. 81p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

The driver stations of 20 types of small motorised equipment were evaluated by direct measurement, measurements on manikins in the driver's seat and photographic estimation of peripheral visibility. The equipment included five cconstruction-site machines, seven materials-handling machines, six sweepers and two tractors. The results are presented in the form of schematic drawings of each station, plus a table of cabs or enclosure dimensions and a table of hip, knee and ankle angles imposed by the seats and controls. Although full cabs improve driver safety in case of accident, they may make accidents more likely by constraining the driver and reducing visibility. Various minimum dimensions are proposed and compared with present European national and international standards. (60248)

CIS 93-1044 Models and modelling in biomechanics. A workshop. (French: Modèles et modélisation en biomécanique. Journée d'étude) Cnockaert J.C., Institut national de recherche et de sécurité, 30 rue Olivier-Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14, France, Jan. 1992. 97p. Illus. Bibl.ref. (In French)

Subjects of the presentations at this workshop organised at the Research Centre of French National Research and Safety Institute (Vandœuvre, France, 14 Mar. 1991): contribution of motion to the design of models reflecting the kinematic and mechanical characteristics of the movement of various joints during natural movements of the human body; analysis of the concepts of "model" and "system", and the interaction of theoretical and experimental aspects of models; different models of striated skeletal muscle and their behaviour in various situations; state of research on cardiac biomechanics and new concepts that enable determination of the mechanical properties of the heart by simple, non-traumatic methods; use of three-dimensional manikins for ergonomic design of automobile driver's seats and controls; methods for modelling the mechanical behaviour of human red cells subjected to various mechanical stresses; finite-element modelling of the spinal column by computer to calculate the stresses that it undergoes. (60293)

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CIS 93-1045 The role of alcohol in work-related fatal accidents in Australia 1982-1984. Hollo C.D., Leigh J., Nurminen M., Occupational Medicine, Feb. 1993, Vol.43, No.1, p.13-17. 17 ref. (In English)

This paper describes the role of detectable blood alcohol in fatal work injuries. An attempt was made to identify all work-related fatalities that occurred throughout Australia in the period 1982-1984. 1737 fatal injury cases were classified as being work-related according to study definitions. The likelihood of inebriation was assessed without knowledge of the victim's blood alcohol concentration (BAC). In 1030 (59%) of the 1737 fatal work injury cases a BAC determinations was documented. Zero levels were detected in 867 fatalities (84%), and 163 cases (16%) had non-zero BAC. In the latter group the median BAC was 104mg%. Sixty-five per cent of measurable BAC cases had BAC greater than 50mg%. Fatality risk in the non-zero BAC group relative to that of the zero BAC group was elevated for the following factors: marital status - single (risk ratio (RR) = 1.7, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.8) or separated/divorced (RR = 2.4, CI 1.5-3.8); occupation as manager, executive or administrator (RR = 2.5, CI 1.5-5.8); and commuting (RR = 1.6, CI 1.2-2.0). In fatal vehicle accidents, BAC ≥ 50mg% was measured significantly more frequently and BAC < 50mg% less frequently than BAC = 0, while non-vehicular workplace accidents were less likely to have involved a high BAC. (60043)

CIS 93-1046 Preemployment drug screening - The epidemiologic issues. Zwerling C., Ryan J., Journal of Occupational Medicine, June 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.595-599. 24 ref. (In English)

The paper reviews recent studies of postal workers which suggest an association between positive pre-employment drug screens and turnover, absenteeism, accidents, injuries, and discipline. It is argued that these associations are weaker than had been assumed; cost-benefit analyses show that whether drug screening saves money depends both on the costs associated with adverse outcomes such as accidents and on the prevalence of drug use in the population screened. Finally, it is argued that the predictive value of a positive drug screen also depends crucially on the prevalence of drug use; in populations with low prevalence of drug use, a large proportion of the positives may be false positives. (60051)

CIS 93-1047 Mental health, constraints, and organization of work as interactive variables - A study of word processing secretaries. Billette A., Carrier M., Bernier M., De Sève M., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.708-714. 32 ref. (In English)

This article deals with the effects of different types of work organisation on the mental health of secretaries. The work organisations were characterised by whether the secretary worked: (1) directly for someone; (2) as part of a secretarial "pool" of workers; (3) in a hybrid of the two. The health problems reported by secretaries in the Quebec (Canada) civil service were studied with reference to secretaries in the general population and other working women. The findings indicate that secretaries in the general population are no more at risk than are other similar working women, but that civil service secretaries are at risk. Regression analysis suggests that the context of work organisation is an interactive variable of the effect of work constraints (division of work; performance stressors; lack of autonomy) on the mental health of secretaries. (60065)

CIS 93-1048 Mental and psychosomatic work injuries in Sweden. Nilson L., Herloff B., Thiringer G., Journal of Occupational Medicine, July 1992, Vol.34, No.7, p.726-730. 4 ref. (In English)

Since 1977 the workers' compensation law in Sweden has allowed claims for mental and psychosomatic illnesses. Examining the records of work injuries in Gothenburg 10 years later, 67 cases diagnosed as mental or psychosomatic illnesses were found. One-third of these were accepted as work injuries. The mental strain from work itself was the most cited influence. Traumatic incidents, maltreatment by the employer, and persecution also were accepted as harmful influences. Comparison with an earlier study revealed that although the claim approval rate for mental and psychosomatic work-related illnesses (about 30%) is much lower than for all work-related illnesses (about 90%), there has been a considerable increase over the years. (60068)

CIS 93-1049 Validity of screening tests for the evaluation of depressive state. (Japanese: Yokuutsu jōtai hyōka no tame no kani sukurīningu tesuto no yūkōsei) Kawada T., Kubota F., Ōnishi N., Satō K., Japanese Journal of Industrial Health - Sangyō-Igaku, Nov. 1992, Vol.34, No.6, p.576-577. Illus. 5 ref. (In Japanese)

The Todai Health Investigation Questionnaire (THI) was especially developed for the Japanese population to evaluate physical and mental health status. The validity of the part used in the diagnosis of depressive state was tested in the present study. Sixty-four patients who attended the outpatient clinic of a psychiatric department were evaluated by the THI as well as clinically, according to the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd revised edition, 1987) of the American Psychiatric Association. The THI gave correct diagnosis of depressive state in 87.5% of cases, with a sensitivity of 0.91 and specificity of 0.90. The THI proved to be better suited to the Japanese population than Zung's self-rating depressive scale, despite the fact that it contained certain questions which the Japanese found difficult to answer. (60128)

CIS 93-1050 Behavioural economics and compliance with safety regulations. Battmann W., Klumb P., Safety Science, Jan. 1993, Vol.16, No.1, p.35-46. 29 ref. (In English)

The concept of behavioural economics is discussed and used to explain why safety rules are followed or violated and how interventions that are relatively easy to apply may be derived. It is argued that a major part of the deliberate violations of rules and regulations in socio-technical systems can be explained as a consequence of the disregard of three propositions of behavioural economics by system designers and managers: unclear or conflicting rules or constraints; delayed, ambiguous or missing feedback; absence of clear priority rules in cases of conflicts between high-level and low-level safety commitments. Summaries in French and German. (60168)

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